Eimen Khan
UV40413
Laser and light treatments for
hair removal & UV40414 Laser & light treatments for skin rejuvenation
Outcome 1: Be able to prepare for laser and light treatments & Skin
Rejuvenation Treatments.
g. Explain salon requirements for preparing yourself, the client and work
area.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
It is required by therapists to adhere to industry and organizational standards for
personal appearance, including wearing a clean, professional uniform, tying back the
hair from the face, wearing sensible footwear, and practising good personal hygiene,
oral hygiene, and makeup application. It is essential to maintain proper hygiene and
safety procedures during treatment, including wearing personal protective equipment
such as disposable gloves and recommended eyewear to prevent cross-infection
and accidental exposure to light. To work by the salon/clinic policies
and procedures, to carry out proper client care pre-/post-treatment, to ensure all
paperwork completed/signed by client and therapist at each treatment, to follow
health, hygiene and safety procedures at all times, to respect and uphold the client
privacy and confidentiality according to the data protection legislation, to be honest in
all dealings with clients, and work colleagues, and be respectful of the working
environment. Ensure the positioning of the client and equipment permits effective
access and minimises the risk to the practitioner and discomfort to the client; ensure
your position and posture whilst working minimises fatigue and risk of injury to
yourself and the client; ensure the handpiece/applicator is used at the correct angle
and pressure according to treatment protocols and client comfort (stretching and
manipulating the skin where necessary – according to treatment).
To prepare the client for a consultation, it is crucial to take at least 20 minutes to
ensure that everything is done correctly. This process should include an informed
consent form, which both the client and therapist will sign. Additionally, a medical
history should be taken, which covers both physical and emotional conditions. If
necessary, a referral letter from a doctor should also be obtained. Obtaining all the
relevant treatment details, including skin classification, sun tanning history,
pigmentation, skin condition on the area being treated, and a treatment record card
is important. The treatment record card should include the date, area treated,
treatment method, patch test methods, equipment settings, time and duration, and
the treatment outcome. It is important to conduct the consultation procedure in a
sensitive and supportive manner. This includes ensuring privacy, modesty, trust and
confidentiality. It is also important to check the client’s well-being and provide
ongoing reassurance where necessary. When working with the client, it is important
to ensure their position and posture to minimize fatigue and reduce the risk of injury.
1
Eimen Khan
The client should be actively encouraged to ask questions and clarify any points they
are unsure about. If a client has unrealistic expectations or hair colour and types that
are unsuitable for treatment, it is important to tactfully advise them of achievable
outcomes for the treatment. Assessment techniques should be used to identify the
client’s skin classification and condition. The physical sensation created by the
equipment being used should be explained to the client.
If a client has any contra-indications that are suspected of requiring medical
treatment, they should be referred to their general practitioner before any treatment,
without reference to a specific condition. Recognized contra-indications that prevent
treatment should be clearly and tactfully explained to the client. If light/laser
treatments are contra-indicated for the client’s condition, alternative treatments that
are suitable for their needs should be recommended. The projected cost, likely
duration and frequency of treatment, and recovery time should be clearly explained
and agreed upon with the client.
It is important to wear personal protective equipment to avoid cross-infection and
prevent accidental exposure to light or lasers for you, the client, and others in the
controlled area. The recommended PPE includes eyewear and disposable gloves.
Always make sure you wear the correct PPE, such as optical density glasses, and
dress appropriately with headbands and towels. Make sure that they have kept the
client's privacy, modesty, trust and confidentiality during the consultation and
treatment.
Ensure the treatment area is suitable for hair reduction treatment, shaved, cleansed,
fat-free and dried.
The work area is adapted to the standards of safety and hygiene (cleaning,
sterilization and disinfection of area/machines), organizational procedures of the
medical protocol and the manufacturer's instructions. The environmental conditions
should be appropriate for the treatment, client and practitioner (such as lighting,
heating, ventilation and general comfort). Light/laser-controlled areas must have
non-reflective surfaces, enclosed area, suitable entry and exit points, adequate fire
precautions, waste management, hazardous warning signs, only one IPL/laser
system in operation, covered windows, no flammable materials, local rules
displayed, equipment procedures, safety procedures, controlled area procedures
and access. Everyone in the controlled area must wear protective eyewear (PPE)
that meets the required standards of the manufacturers of the selected equipment. In
addition, products, tools, and equipment should be readily available to suit client
treatment needs, skin types, and conditions. This includes antibacterial wipes, hand
sanitizers, cotton wool, tissues, spatulas, facial cleanser, soothing aftercare, SPF 30
(minimum), aprons, gloves, ultrasound cooling gel, couch rolls, towels, and gowns.
Protective eyewear and an appropriate applicator/handpiece are also required for
skin treatment. A red marker should be available to mark out treatment areas, and
white stickers to cover skin conditions (e.g. moles) should also be provided. A
camera is necessary for taking before and after pictures, and consultation and
aftercare forms should be available.
2
Eimen Khan
h. Explain the environmental conditions suitable for laser and light treatment
for hair removal.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
Environmental conditions suitable for laser and light treatment ensure a safe
and healthy work environment. Lighting should be sufficient to enable treatments to
be carried out, and windows should have blinds/shutters and, non-reflective surfaces
are required. in the controlled area. The temperature in the workplace should
provide reasonable comfort, at least 16°C. Heating or cooling may be used to
maintain a comfortable temperature, and in extremely hot weather, fans or increased
ventilation would be an option. Ventilation must be adequate and provide sufficient
quantities of purified air, particularly in an enclosed workspace. When using IPL
equipment, ensure that the manufacturer's recommended gap is observed at the rear
of the machine. Allow air to circulate freely and protect the mains lead from
excessive bending. The size of the work area must provide sufficient room to allow
the employee to work in a safe and healthy manner. Workstations should allow ease
of movement so that all tasks may be carried out safely and comfortably. Make sure
any local regulations about electrical safety testing of portable appliances are
observed. The treatment room should have an environmental cleaning schedule to
ensure adequate waste disposal.
i)Explain the different consultation techniques used to identify treatment
objectives.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
During consultation, it is important to provide a private and comfortable space for
consultation, maintain positive body language, make eye contact, act professionally,
keep confidentiality, ask open-ended questions and actively listen to the client to
help identify treatment objectives. Carry out skin analysis by touching and using a
mag lamp. Understand and explain different skin types, colours, tones and textures.
Perform a visual check for contra-indications, skin conditions, and any identifying
skin lesions (e.g. moles). Make accurate recommendations for treatment, skin typing,
Fitzpatrick’s photo scale, and relevant questions regarding the history of skin tanning
and any influencing factors. Understand and explain the procedure and reasons for
patch testing, including the procedure for the test, the sensation, record settings, and
skin response. Test shots – determine the treatment parameters, client comfort level,
and adverse/normal skin reaction. Carry out patch tests for tactile and thermal safety
tests (client skin sensation to hot/ cold, sharp/soft). If you intend to carry out
treatment on more than one area, it may be necessary to patch test on each of the
proposed treatments. Hair growth patterns differ in all areas of the body and so will
determine treatment interval times for the success of hair reduction. Hair on the face
is the most difficult to treat. for example 2-4 weeks intervals for the face and 6-8
weeks cycle on the body and should be treated accordingly.
It is important to develop a client profile that covers their lifestyle, commitment to
treatment, skin rejuvenation methods used, history of hair removal methods, and
their requirements and expectations of the treatment. The therapist should give a
3
Eimen Khan
brief explanation of the treatment, which includes how the treatment works, the
number of sessions required; the treatment plan, the appointment frequency, regrowth, skin reaction, sensation, contra-indications, aftercare advice, consent,
special precautions before treatment, costs, percentage reduction goals to client
satisfaction and when to refer the client to a dermatologist or medical practitioner.
This explanation should also include consultation records, patch tests, before and
after pictures, and visual examples.
j. Explain the importance of carrying out a detailed skin and hair analysis and
relevant tests.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
The importance of carrying out a detailed skin and hair analysis and relevant tests is
due to many reasons, including Enable the therapist to identify the condition and skin classification of the
client.
 To assess the outcome of the patch test as necessary and determine its
suitability for treatment.
 Evaluate the skin and client response to determine suitable reactions and
avoid adverse reactions.
 Adjust variables as necessary while monitoring the client's skin response and
discontinuing treatment where adverse reactions occur.
 To explain the physical sensation created by the IPL/Laser equipment being
used, design a treatment plan for the client.
When advising clients on hair colour and treatment types, it is important to be honest
about what is achievable and to manage any unrealistic expectations they may have.
Any recognised contra-indications that prevent treatment should be clearly explained
to the client. Clients with contra-indications should be referred to their GP before any
treatment is carried out. Suppose IPL/Laser treatments are unsuitable for a client
due to contra-indications. In that case, alternative treatments should be
recommended and agreed upon with the client on a projected treatment plan that
includes the number of treatments required, treatment intervals, treatment cost, and
percentage reduction goals to ensure client satisfaction by providing ongoing support
and reassurance whenever necessary—explained to the client the importance of
their commitment to the treatment and the significance of listening to aftercare and
home care advice to ensure maximum treatment efficiency.
k. Explain how to select laser and light treatment equipment to suit client skin
and hair types and conditions.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
When selecting laser equipment for hair removal, it is important to identify the correct
skin/hair type based on Fitzpatrick’s ‘photo’ scale. The equipment should be set
accordingly for the specific skin/hair type, and the treatment should be adjusted
4
Eimen Khan
based on individual growth patterns. For instance, the face may require different
treatment intervals than other body areas. During the treatment, it is necessary to
monitor and adjust the treatment timings as hair growth decreases. If the desired
results are not being achieved, the treatment timings should be changed. If the
desired results are not achieved even after adjusting the treatment timings, then it is
recommended to stop the treatment. After completing a full course of treatment, it is
advised to have one follow-up treatment per year, as dormant follicles may appear at
any time.
l. Identify the range of equipment used for laser and light treatment for hair
removal.
 Hair removal
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) systems, fractional non-ablative lasers.
 Skin Rejuvenation
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) systems, fractional non-ablative lasers.
There are five different types of professional laser hair removal machines available:
the Alexandrite system, diode laser, ND Yag laser, Intense Pulsed Light (IPL)
therapy machine, and Ruby Laser machine. IPL is non-coherent and divergent, with
many wavelengths ranging from 400-700 NM. It is used for skin rejuvenation (such
as pigmentation, fine lines, wrinkles, and small veins) and for hair removal. IPL/CPL
with filters is best suited for dark hair and lighter skin due to the scattering of light
energy. It works best for Fitzpatrick scale 1-2. ND Yag is a focused laser, best suited
for Fitzpatrick scale 3-5. It is used for smaller areas and is good for treating terminal
hair (such as underarms and bikini area). (1064 NM) Diode lasers are good for
treating larger areas of thick, dark, and fine hair. It has long pulse-motion and covers
the area 3 times. (810 NM) Alexandrite is used for dermatological procedures such
as tattoo removal, leg vein removal, and hair removal. (755 NM)
m. Explain the contra-indications that prevent or restrict laser and light
treatment for hair removal.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
Contraindication that prevents treatment:
Pacemakers are not suitable for laser treatment, as lasers (using a single
wavelength) and IPLs (using a mix of different wavelengths) are light energy applied
selectively to the skin. However, they may interfere with pacemakers.
Laser and IPL treatments cannot be performed during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Hormonal changes during pregnancy and breastfeeding tend to increase hair growth.
But, waiting until after the birth of the baby to begin or continue treatments will not
affect the results.
Contraindication that restricts treatment:
Open wounds or lesions restrict the treatment. However, the treatment can still be
carried out by avoiding the affected area.
5
Eimen Khan
Long-term diabetes can restrict the treatment, depending on how well it has been
managed. Diabetic patients can experience a loss of sensation and hot flushes. But,
if the symptoms are manageable, the treatment can still be carried out.
Further contra-indications that prevent or restrict laser and light treatment for hair
removal include:
 epilepsy (flashing of light)
• hepatitis
• haemophilia (bleeding disorder)
• clients taking anti-coagulant medication
(aspirin, waferan, phenediene, hapazin)
clients sensitive to light within the range of 500 nm–900 n
• client with keloid scarring
• skin cancers
• pigmentation problems (vitiligo, melasma
moles, pigmented naevi moles)
• clients taking photosensitising medication
(including drugs or medication that cause
skin thinning effects)
• cardiovascular conditions (thrombosis,
phlebitis, hyper-tension, hypotension,
heart conditions)
• connective tissue disorders (scleroderma)
• tattoos, permanent and semi-permanent
make-up (micropigmentation)
• herbal supplements that cause photo
sensitisation i.e. St. John’s Wort, beta
carotene
• sun burned; sun tanned skin at time
of treatment, artificial tan/self-tanning
products: until the product has worn off
(approx. 7–10 days before treatment)
• metal pins/plates
• fever
• contagious or infectious diseases
• loss of skin sensitivity (test with tactile
and thermal methods)
• cuts, bruises, burns, abrasions
• undiagnosed lumps and bumps
• allergies to products or materials used
• under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
n. Explain the required legislation for laser and light treatment and the
importance of compliance with regulations.
Practices that offer laser hair removal procedures, such as private practices and
beauty salons, are required by law to register with and be monitored by the Care
Quality Commission. A license is necessary to carry out laser hair removal
treatments in both the work premises and treatment rooms in their homes.
Employers must take precautions to protect workers from hazards, provide training,
6
Eimen Khan
and appoint competent supervisors for laser use. Eye safety, cooling devices,
practitioner knowledge, and laser protection advisers are some of the safety aspects
of laser hair removal.
Aesthetic practitioners must hold level 3 and 4 qualifications in conjunction with the
manufacturers' certification. These qualifications are necessary for the industry to
ensure that practitioners obtain adequate insurance and adhere to security
measures and professional protocols.
It is essential to comply with regulations that reduce the risk of injury to the
practitioner and clients when using IPL/laser equipment. Local authority regulations
may also apply. Further required legislation includes a health and safety policy, fire
protection policy, complaints policy, and policy for creating and storing confidential
information, according to data protection legislation.
7
Eimen Khan
Outcome 2: Be able to provide laser and light treatments.
i) Explain how to communicate and behave in a professional manner.
j. Explain health and safety working practices.
k. Explain the importance of positioning yourself and the client correctly
throughout treatment.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
l. Explain the importance of using products, tools, equipment, and techniques
to suit client treatment needs, skin types and conditions.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
m. Explain the principles of electrical currents and basic electricity.
 Hair removal
m. Explain how to work on different treatment areas.
 Skin Rejuvenation
n. Explain the consequences of inaccurate identification of client skin
type/colouring according to the Fitzpatrick scale.
o. Describe how treatments can be adapted to suit client treatment needs and
skin and hair conditions.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
p. Explain the contra-actions that may occur during and following treatments.
q. Explain the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
8
Eimen Khan
r. Summarise the aftercare advice that should be provided to prevent posttreatment damage.
 Hair removal
 Skin Rejuvenation
s. Explain the suitable methods of dealing with the reappearance of a skin
condition between treatments.
t. Explain different skin and hair types, conditions, diseases, and disorders.
Outcome 2: (continued) A&P Level 4 – UV40413 & UV40414
UV40413 u.& UV40414 v. Explain the structure and functions of the skin.
UV40413 v. & UV40414 w. Explain the principles of skin healing.
UV40413 w. & UV40414 y. Explain the structure and function of the endocrine system
and its effect on hair growth & skin conditions.
UV40414 x. Explain how natural ageing, lifestyle and environmental factors affect the
condition of the skin and underlying structures.
UV40413 x. Explain growth patterns and causes of hair growth.
UV40413 y. & UV40414 z. Explain the structure and function of circulatory and
lymphatic systems.
9