. D-I-O-D-E .
Presented By
Course Instructor
Md. Saimum Islam Hamza- 1680
Md. Sawkot Hossen Toha - 1099
Md. Razim Al Sami – 1595
Md. Tashrif Rahman - 1547
Md. Shohanur Rahman- 1955
Anup Kumar Modak
Lecturer
Daffodil International University
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❖ Discussion Overview
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What is Diode ?
Evolution of Diode Technology
Types of Diodes
Applications of Diodes
Challenges and Opportunities
Conclusion
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❖ What is Diode?
A diode is a semiconductor device that essentially acts as a
one-way switch for current. It allows current to flow easily in
one direction, but severely restricts current from flowing in
the opposite direction.
They're typically crafted from semiconductor materials like
silicon or germanium, which have unique electrical properties
that enable this directional control.
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❖ Evolution of Diode Technology
The evolution of diode technology began with vacuum tube
diodes in the early 20th century.
▪ p-n Junction Diodes: Mid-century
▪ Zener Diodes: More advanced than junction diode for
voltage regulation
▪ Light-emitting diodes (LEDs): Revolutionized lighting and
displays in the 1960s.
▪ Schottky Diodes: Improved speed and efficiency.
▪ Silicon carbide (SiC) & Gallium nitride (GaN): Recent
developments and used for high-power and high-frequency
applications.
Throughout, improvements in materials and design have led to
smaller, faster, and more efficient diodes.
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❖ Types of Diodes
▪ Semiconductor Diodes: These are the most common
and fundamental type of diodes, consisting of a PN
junction that allows current to flow in one direction
while blocking it in the other direction.
▪ Signal Diode: General-purpose diode for controlling
and rectifying current.​​
▪
Zener Diode: Used for voltage regulation by
allowing current in the reverse direction at
a specific voltage.​​
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❖ Types of Diodes
▪ Schottky Diode: Offers faster switching speeds
and lower forward voltage drop.
▪ Light-Emitting Diode (LED): Converts electrical
energy into light.
▪
Photodiode: Converts light energy into electrical
current.​​
▪ Tunnel Diodes: Tunnel diodes exhibit a
phenomenon called quantum mechanical
tunneling, allowing them to operate at very high
frequencies. They are used in microwave
amplifiers, oscillators, and detectors.
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❖Applications of Diodes
• Rectification: Converting AC current to DC
current. (Power supplies)
•Clipping and Clamping: Limiting voltage levels
in circuits.
•Switching: Turning circuits on and off. (Logic
gates)
•Voltage regulation: Regulating voltage to
specific levels. (Zener diodes)
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• Photodetection: Converting light into
electrical signals. (Smoke detectors,
optical communication)
• Power Supplies: Rectification of AC to
DC power.
•Electronic Devices: Signal processing,
voltage regulation, protection circuits.
•Radio Frequency (RF) Applications:
Mixing, detection, and signal modulation.
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❖Challenges and Opportunities
•Challenges:
•Heat generation: Managing heat dissipation in highpower applications.
•Breakdown voltage: Pushing the limits of voltage a
diode can handle before breakdown.
•Leakage current: Minimizing the small current flow
even under reverse bias.
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•Opportunities:
•New materials: Exploration of materials with
improved efficiency and performance.
•Advanced packaging: Development of compact
and efficient packaging for high-density circuits.
•Integration with other devices: Combining
diodes with other components for more complex
functionalities
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❖ Conclusion
In conclusion, diodes are truly remarkable
components. Their ability to control the flow of
electricity has made them essential building blocks
in countless electronic devices, from simple circuits
to complex technological marvels. As research and
development continue, we can expect even more
advancements in diode technology.
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THANK YOU !
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