copyright cmassengale 1 copyright cmassengale 2 Classification copyright cmassengale 3 Species of Organisms •There are 13 billion known species of organisms •This is only 5% of all organisms that ever lived!!!!! •New organisms are still being found and identified copyright cmassengale 4 What is Classification? • Classification is the • • arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists are scientists that identify & name organisms copyright cmassengale 5 Benefits of Classifying •organisms Accurately & uniformly names •starfish Prevents misnomers such as & jellyfish that aren't really fish Uses same language (Latin or some Greek) for all names • Sea”horse”?? copyright cmassengale 6 Confusion in Using Different Languages for Names copyright cmassengale 7 Latin Names are Understood by all Taxonomists copyright cmassengale 8 Assigning Scientific Names - Many organisms may have several different common names. Ex. The cougar is also known as - mountain lion - catamount - puma Scientific Name: copyright cmassengale 9 Early Taxonomists •2000 years ago, Aristotle was the first taxonomist Aristotle divided organisms into plants & animals He subdivided them by their habitat ---land, sea, or air dwellers • • copyright cmassengale 10 Early Taxonomists •John Ray, a botanist, was the first to use Latin for naming His names were very long descriptions telling everything about the plant • copyright cmassengale 11 Carolus Linnaeus 1707 – 1778 • 18th century taxonomist • Classified • organisms by their structure Developed naming system still used today copyright cmassengale 12 Carolus Linnaeus •Called the “Father of Taxonomy” •Developed the modern system of naming known as binomial nomenclature Two-word name (Genus & species) • copyright cmassengale 13 Rules for Naming Organisms • The International Code for • • Binomial Nomenclature contains the rules for naming organisms All names must be approved by International Naming Congresses (International Zoological Congress) This prevents duplicated names copyright cmassengale 14 Standardized Naming •Binomial nomenclature used •Genus species •Latin or Greek •Italicized in print •Capitalize genus, but NOT species •Underline when Turdus migratorius writing American Robin copyright cmassengale 15 Assigning Scientific names: 1. The first part of the scientific name is the genus. - This word is always written first and CAPITALIZED. - It appears in italics is underlined. copyright cmassengale 16 2. The second part of the scientific name is the species name. - This word is always written second and is not capitalized. - It appears in italics or is underlined. copyright cmassengale 17 Example: copyright cmassengale 18 Common Name: Philippine Eagle Scientific Name: Pithecophaga jefferyi copyright cmassengale 19 Common Name: Philippine Eagle Scientific Name: Pithecophaga Jefferyi copyright cmassengale 20 Common Name: Philippine Eagle Scientific Name: Pithecophaga jefferyi copyright cmassengale 21 Binomial Nomenclature Which TWO are more closely related? copyright cmassengale 22 Activity 23 Direction: 1. Look for 3 organisms and give their Genus Species or scientific name. 2. Submit your activity in google classroom and present it to your classmate. copyright cmassengale 24
