Bridges’ translation of the ten
Qira’at of the Noble Qur’an
Fadel Soliman
Fa d e l Sol ima n
© 2020 Fadel Soliman. All rights reserved.
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transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.
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ISBN: 978-1-7283-9074-1 (sc)
ISBN: 978-1-7283-9073-4 (e)
Published by AuthorHouse 02/12/2020
This work is dedicated to my sheikh, Dr. ʻAbbas Anwar Al-Masry, and to
his student, the sheikh of revolutionaries, Sheikh ʻEmad ʻEffat.
‫يم‬
ِ ‫ٱلر ِح‬
َّ ‫ِب ۡس ِم ٱل لَّ ِه‬
َّ ‫ٱلر ۡح ٰ َم ِن‬
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
All praise is due to Allah, the Creator, the Cherisher, and the Sustainer of the universe. I express
my sincere love and devotion to the Final Messenger of Allah–Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon
him, as well as to his companions who changed the course of history, and for those who have striven
throughout the centuries to serve Islam, and particularly the Holy Qur’an.
Throughout my life I have known many companions, some of whom were helpful and sincere,
but the most helpful and sincere of them all has by far been the Qur’an.
Studying the Qira’at
of the Qur’an was an important milestone in my life,
a turning point after which my views about life, death and the hereafter changed completely. It always
troubled me to see most Muslims, especially non-Arabs, unaware of the greatest linguistic miracle, the
Qira’at of the Holy Qur’an.
(the modes of recitation)
So as an application of the saying of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) “None of you truly
believes until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself”, I decided to translate the Qur’an in
a way that embraces the Qira’at as well as some other phenomena like grammatical shifts, in order to
present to non-Arabic readers a translation that is closer to the spirit of the Holy Qur’an, allowing them
to ponder the Holy Qur’an even though they do not know Arabic.
By the blessings of Allah and through the efforts of dedicated Muslims, today English-speaking
Muslims can enjoy the first translation of the ten Qira’at of the Holy Quran.
Allah’s servant, desperate for his Lord’s forgiveness,
Fadel Soliman
CONTENTS
Preface���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������v
Reflective Reading (Tadabbor) of the Qur’an������������������������������������������������������������viii
How can the reader practice spiritual Tadabbor?�����������������������������������������������������xii
The Ten Qira’at of the Qur’an������������������������������������������������������������������������������������xvi
Some examples of the seven dialects (aḥrûf)������������������������������������������������������������xxii
About Bridges’ translation of the ten Qira’at of the Holy Qur’an����������������������xxxiv
About Bridges Foundation�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� xxxv
Translation team members and linguists �������������������������������������������������������������xxxvi
References���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������xxxvii
Preface
Profound messages lie within the depths of the words of the Qur’an. It is unlike ordinary books
written by humans. Whereas every other book was written in this world for the world to read, the Qur’an
descended from outside the world for the world to read. It is the connection between the earth and
Heaven, between the physical realm and the metaphysical realm, a divine scripture that the Creator of
the universe has revealed to mankind. With His Might He created sane beings, and with His Wisdom He
communicated with them to guide them.
‫يز ْال َح ِك يم‬
ِ ‫ت َ ْن ِزي ُل ْال ِك ت َا‬
ِ ‫ب ِم نَ الَّ ل ِه ْال عَ ِز‬
(1 ‫)الزمر‬
“The bestowal of the Scripture from on high is by Allah the Almighty, the All-Wise.”
(Qur’an 39:1)
The Qur’an’s grandeur lies in its ability to revive the dead heart and cure its ailments: rage,
boredom, wrath, hatred, anger, greed, selfishness, envy, laziness, and all the other dangerous diseases
that impair the human heart. The Qur’an is therefore described by God as a spirit, as well as a medication
and a cure.
‫َو َك ٰذَلِكَ أ َ ْو َح ْي نَا إِلَ يْكَ ُرو ًح ا ِ ّم ْن أ َ ْم ِرنَا‬
)25 ‫(الشورى‬
“And thus have We revealed to you a spirit by Our command.”
(Qur’an 42:52)
‫ؤْم نِ ين‬
ِ ‫آن َم ا ه َُو ِش فَ ا ٌء َو َرحْ َم ةٌ ِلّ ْل ُم‬
ِ ‫َونُ ن ِ َّز ُل ِم نَ ْال قُ ْر‬
(82 ‫)اإلس راء‬
“And We send down of the Recital that which is a healing and a mercy for the believers,”
(Qur’an 17:82)
َ ‫اس قَ ْد َج ا َءتْ ُك م َّم ْو ِع‬
‫ؤْم نِ ين‬
ِ ‫ُور َو ُه دًى َو َرحْ َم ةٌ ِلّ ْل ُم‬
ُّ ‫ظ ةٌ ِ ّم ن َّر ِبّ ُك ْم َو ِش فَ ا ٌء ِلّ َم ا فِ ي ال‬
ُ َّ‫يَ ا أَيُّ َه ا ال ن‬
ِ ‫صد‬
(57 ‫)يونس‬
v
“O mankind, there has come to you an admonition from your Lord, and a cure for what lies within
the chests and guidance and mercy for the believers.”
(Qur’an 10:57)
When readers humbly recite the words of the Qur’an and contemplate them, seeking divine
inspiration, it will touch their hearts and minds as attested in Allah’s words, and it will become not only
the source of tranquility and comfort, but the source of guidance as well, for those who faithfully seek
them.
ُ‫َوات َّقُ وا اللَّ هَ َويُ عَ ِلّ ُم ُك ُم اللَّ ه‬
(282 ‫)البقرة‬
“And be mindful of Allah, and Allah teaches you,”
(Qur’an 2:282)
It has the power and force to literally change lives if carefully pondered. However, if not properly
dealt with, it will touch neither the heart nor the soul. When Prophet Muhammad complained to Allah
about people who do not deal properly with the Qur’an, he probably meant those who read with their eyes
only, but block their hearts and senses.
‫ورا‬
ُ ‫الر‬
َّ ‫َوقَ ا َل‬
ً ‫س و ُل يَ ا َربّ ِ إِ َّن قَ ْو ِم ي ات َّ َخ ذُوا ٰ َه ذَا ْال قُ رْآنَ َم ْه ُج‬
(30 ‫)الفرقان‬
“And the Messenger said, “O My Lord, my people have dealt with this Recital by deserting it.”
(Qur’an 25:30)
Notice that the Messenger did not say that his people had deserted the Qur’an completely. Rather,
they deal with it in a manner equivalent to desertion. They read it but they do not understand it. They
memorize it but they do not contemplate it. They compete with each other in the number of times they
read it all through, but not in the number of its instructions that they comprehend and follow.
A frequently asked question is: Why did God not explain the Qur’an Himself, instead of leaving
it to be interpreted by humans who differ a lot about its exegesis? Would that not have been an easier
approach, allowing people from all nations to read its words and comprehend them fully? But therein
lies one of the greatest miracles of the Qur’an. A book of such magnificence is the only book known to
mankind that, no matter how many times it is read, reveals something different each time. It is like a
sea filled with pearls within its depths: as the diver goes deeper, more pearls appear in sight. No other
vi
book in the world has this miraculous dimension. The eternal miracle of the Qur’an is that it transcends
the scopes of science and language. In the process of compiling this translation, it has become evident
that the Qur’an possesses a miraculous element in terms of translation, as well. Despite the fact that the
translation team went to great lengths to come as close as possible to the Arabic text—the original word
of God—focusing on how He spoke, yet the final product, as any other translation of the Qur’an, cannot
compare in magnificence to the original Arabic text.
Every unit of text in the Qur’an is called ‘ayah’ in Arabic, which means ‘sign’ in English. In
poetry, the unit of text is ‘verse’ and in prose the unit of text is ‘sentence’, but in the Qur’an the unit of
text is ‘sign’. Every single sign of the Qur’an is a miraculous sign of God and a source of faith which
gushes into the hearts of those who reflect upon it.
Therefore, for the reader to truly experience the miracle that lies within the core of the Qur’an, he/
she must read it, comprehend it, and then reflect upon it. Ibn ʻAbbas, a companion of Prophet Muhammad
(peace be upon him) and one of the masters of the sciences of the Qur’an, taught that the meanings in the
Qur’an can be understood on four different levels:
1. Meanings available to everyone, regardless of their level of education or knowledge
2. Meanings understood by those who possess a high level of Arabic language proficiency
3. Meanings understood by scholars—more specifically scholars of the principles of exegesis
4. Meanings that are only known to God, the Omniscient
vii
Reflective Reading (Tadabbor) of the Qur’an
One of the above-mentioned levels of understanding is that ‘available to everyone’, and this is the
focal point of this translation. Pondering and contemplating the Qur’an is something that anyone can relate to,
regardless of his/her cognitive abilities, level of education, intellect, or even language. One must thoughtfully
dedicate the time and set the intention to read the Divine words of the Qur’an and see beyond them. These
Divine words are so extraordinarily powerful that they can change lives. Pondering the Qur’an and allowing
its words and signs to enlighten the spirit can elevate the heart of the reader to a whole new dimension that
is so much higher than this world. It is a spiritual connection with the Creator of the reader—the One Who
breathed into him/her of His spirit and revealed the Qur’an as a spirit as well. This concept was mentioned
above, and the relevant sign quoted (Qur’an 42:52). Thus, when pondered, the Qur’an can revive dead hearts.
Tadabbor, which is the Arabic term for pondering, is therefore key to a sound and peaceful heart.
It must be noted that Tafsīr, which is the Arabic word for Qur’an exegesis, and Tadabbor are two
totally different aspects of understanding. Tafsīr cannot and should not be practiced except by learned
scholars who have the knowledge of its principles, the sciences of the Qur’an, as well as the sciences of
the Arabic language including the pre-Islamic era (Jahiliya) poetry which is the main guide to the different
Arabic styles. This project is not about Tafsīr, but rather about Tadabbor. The root word of Tadabbor is
‫( دَبَ ر‬da-ba-ra) from which comes the word ‫( دُبُر‬du-bur), which in turn means ‘what comes after’ or ‘what
follows’. This suggests that Tadabbor is what comes after reading and understanding, and that is why
reflection, pondering, and contemplation are all possible choices for the translation of the word Tadabbor.
Tafsīr provides the interpretation of the text while Tadabbor provides the impact of the text: its
impact on the heart of the reader who reflects. Having the knowledge of the different Tafsīrs and the
occasions of revelation and the contexts undoubtedly enables better understanding of the words and thus
helps with Tadabbor. The eye reads the words of God, the mind sees through them, and the heart reflects
and becomes wholly immersed into the setting, as if the words are speaking to the reader and taking
him/her on a journey through time and space. This journey starts before creation, then during the life
of this world through its different eras, then after death in the Hereafter, as well as between the Heavens
and the earth. When one reflects upon the Qur’an, time and space change, giving one the feeling of being
in a different realm. This serves to rejuvenate the heart and elevate it to a state of serenity.
As long as the reader who is practicing Tadabbor does not employ his/her understanding to
decide about matters of Halal and Haram (lawful or unlawful things), he/she is in the safe zone and has
not exceeded any limits. This is because jurisprudence does not depend solely on the Qur’an, but on
other sources as well, besides requiring tools that are possessed only by skillful jurists. Tadabbor of the
Qur’an, on the other hand, can be done by anyone, and it is not optional; in fact, it is the way God chose
for us to deal with the Qur’an:
viii
ْ ‫ِك ت َابٌ أ َ ْن‬
‫ب‬
ِ ‫اركٌ ِل يَ دَّب َُّروا آَيَ اتِ ِه َو ِل يَ ت َذَ َّك َر أُولُ و ْال َ ْل بَ ا‬
َ َ‫زَل نَاهُ ِإلَ يْكَ ُم ب‬
(29 ‫)ص‬
“A Scripture that We sent down to yousg, blessed, that they may ponder its signs and that those
endowed with understanding may remind themselves.”
(Qur’an 38:29)
Moreover, the Almighty said, reprimanding those who do not ponder the Qur’an:
‫أفال يتدبرون الق راّن أم على قلوب أقفالها‬
(24 ‫)محمد‬
“Will they not ponder the Recital, or are there locks upon their hearts?”
(Qur’an 47:24)
For this reason the translation team at Bridges Foundation decided to produce a translation of the
Qur’an that allows readers who are unfamiliar with Arabic to reflect upon it in English. It is definitely
true that the Qur’an is only in Arabic and that any of its translations are not the word of God, yet
such translations do provide guidance, as many people have indeed been guided by reading them. The
truer the translation is to the Arabic text, the more the guidance it carries within. When God bestowed
His revelations, He knew that Arabic-speaking Muslims would one day constitute only a minority of
Muslims and that the majority would find the Arabic language foreign to them. Since He bestowed it
to be pondered as mentioned before, it follows that pondering the Qur’an is not exclusive to the original
Arabic text and can, to a great extent, be achieved through the translations.
In the present translation the translation team made a point of being as close as possible to the
Arabic text of the Qur’an, with the main focus being on how God spoke and not just what He meant.
They believe that it is the right of those unfamiliar with Arabic to get as close an idea as possible about
how their Lord spoke. Many such Muslims are unaware, for example, that God spoke in the Qur’an
about the Hereafter in past tense around 500 times. All previous translations changed such verbs to
future tense, probably to avoid sounding awkward to the reader as he/she reads about future events in
the Hereafter in past tense. Marmaduke Pickthall changed them in certain instances to present tense,
which is still not accurate. Readers were thus deprived of pondering and reflecting upon God’s wisdom
in speaking in that way. They were also unaware of the “grammatical shifts” in the Qur’an, where there
is a shift from one tense to the other and from plural to singular and vice versa, in addition to shifts
between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd persons.
ix
Another important feature of this translation is its focus on standardization of the translation of
Arabic terms. As in translation between any two languages, a single Arabic term can be translated into
more than one English term. The word al-mutaqeen, for example, can be translated to ‘the pious’, ‘the
righteous’, ‘the God-fearing’, or ‘the mindful of God’. A translator may be tempted to use alternative
translations throughout his translation in order to enrich it with English vocabulary. The reader of
the translation is thus deprived of the chance to notice how often and where the word al-mutaqeen is
repeated, and in turn becomes deprived of seeing the Qur’anic picture of al-mutaqeen. For this reason
the translation team strove to standardize terms as much as possible, so that the reader who searches
for a certain term will be able to reach most, if not all, the contexts in which this term was mentioned
throughout the Qur’an. Hence he/she will be able to contemplate them and reflect upon them in order to
come up with the depiction of that particular term in the Qur’an. In most cases where an alternative term
is used instead of the standardized term this is pointed out in a footnote.
Another issue the translation team faced in this translation was the difference between Arabic and
English syntax. In Arabic prose in general, and more so in the Qur’an, syntax rules are very flexible and
quite different from those in English. The predicate of a sentence may sometimes be omitted and left to the
speculation of the reader. In dealing with this the translation team sometimes resorted to writing words in
brackets in order to make proper sentences in English. Thus, if the reader wishes to read the translated text
as close as possible to how God spoke, he/she must read this translation without the words between brackets.
In other instances, poetic license was used in order to give the reader a sense of the style of the
Qur’an.
For example, Surah 14 starts with: “Alif Lām Ra. A Scripture that We sent down to yousg, that
you may …”
Bridges’ translators did not add ‘This is’ in brackets as such: “Alif Lām Ra. (This is) a Scripture
that We sent down to yousg, that you may…” so that the reader can sense the poetic nature of the Qur’an.
Tadabbor is of two types, spiritual Tadabbor and intellectual Tadabbor. Spiritual Tadabbor is
mentioned in the Qur’an in the following sign:
‫أفال يتدبرون الق راّن أم على قلوب أقفالها‬
(24 ‫)محمد‬
“Will they not ponder the Recital, or are there locks upon their hearts?”
(Qur’an 47:24)
x
On the other hand, intellectual Tadabbor which is close to text reasoning is mentioned in the
following sign:
ْ ‫غ ي ِْر اللَّ ِه لَ َو َج دُوا فِ ي ِه‬
َ ‫أَفَ َل يَ ت َدَب َُّرونَ ْال قُ رْآنَ َولَ ْو َك انَ ِم ْن ِع ن ِد‬
‫يرا‬
ً ِ‫اخ تِ َلفً ا َك ث‬
(82 ‫)النساء‬
“Do they not ponder the Recital? For had it been from any other than Allah, they would
have found in it much discrepancy.”
(Qur’an 4:82)
Spiritual Tadabbor is simply letting the Qur’an deal with the different feelings and emotions
of the heart. God mentioned twelve beautiful traits of ʻIbad Ar-Rahman or ‘the servants of the AllMerciful’ and among them is that they interact emotionally with the revelations of God.
‫ع ْم يَ انً ا‬
ِ ‫َوالَّ ذِينَ ِإذَا ذُ ِ ّك ُروا ِب آَيَ ا‬
ُ ‫ص ًّم ا َو‬
ُ ‫ع لَ ْي َه ا‬
َ ‫ت َر ِبّ ِه ْم لَ ْم يَ ِخ ُّروا‬
(73 ‫)الفرقان‬
“And they are those who, when reminded of the signs of their Lord, do not fall before them deaf
and blind.”
(Qur’an 25:73)
xi
How can the reader practice spiritual Tadabbor?
Simply put, every time the Qur’an mentions the reward of God or His grace or His blessings,
the reader should passionately ask God to grant them to him/her. Likewise, when God’s punishment or
anger are mentioned, the reader must seek God’s forgiveness and refuge. Whenever examples of good
people like the mindful of God, the righteous, or the reformers are mentioned, the reader should ask God
with all his/her heart to be among them. Whenever examples of sinful people like the hypocrites, the
corrupters, or the deniers of God are mentioned, the reader should seek refuge with God from being one
of them. In other words, every Qur’anic passage should be turned into a duaa, or a prayer, asking God
for all that is good and taking refuge in Him from all that is bad.
Intellectual Taddabor is a more sophisticated process and can take some time until it becomes
fruitful, but the more one practices it, the more one will enjoy it and the more the pearls of the Qur’an
will become apparent. There are different keys for intellectual Tadabbor, and they are all mentioned
with examples in the “How to ponder the Qur’an even if you do not know Arabic” workshop (videos
on Bridges Foundation YouTube channel). One of those keys is to approach the Qur’an humbly, like
a student who seeks the knowledge and the wisdom of his/her professor. That is because intellectual
Tadabbor is rather similar to text critiquing, except that in the case of the Qur’an the reader must keep
searching for the wisdom, with conviction that it does exist—until it is revealed to him/her. However, if
the reader approaches the Qur’an with arrogance and believes that he/she has found something erroneous
or meaningless in the word of God, then nothings awaits him/her except misguidance.
Let us take, as an example, sign number 26 of the third surah, namely Surat Al-Imran:
‫ع لَ ى ُك ِّل‬
ُ ‫قُ ِل اللَّ ُه َّم َم الِكَ ْال ُم ْل ِك ت ُؤْ تِ ي ْال ُم ْل كَ َم ْن ت َشَا ُء َوت َ ْن ِز‬
َ َ‫ع ْال ُم ْل كَ ِم َّم ْن ت َشَا ُء َوت ُ ِع ُّز َم ْن ت َشَا ُء َوت ُ ِذ ُّل َم ْن ت َشَا ُء بِ يَ دِكَ ْال َخ ي ُْر إِنَّ ك‬
‫ِير‬
َ
ٌ ‫ش ْيءٍ قَ د‬
(26 ‫)آل عم ران‬
“Saysg, ‘O Allah, Master of the dominion, You grant dominion to whomever You will and You strip
dominion from whoever You will, and You honor whomever You will and You humiliate whomever
You will; in Your hand is all goodness. You are indeed All-Powerful over everything.”
(Qur’an 3:26)
The reader must reflect upon the structure of this portion of the Qur’an. Why are the words
‘whomever You will’ repeated four times? An arrogant reader could stray away by thinking that this is
an error or a meaningless repetition and that this text is wordy and would have been better as follows:
xii
‘Saysg, ‘O Allah, Master of the dominion, You honor and grant dominion to whomever You
will and You humiliate and strip dominion from whomever You will.’
That way, ‘whomever You will’ would have been mentioned only twice, and the text would have
been shorter. This arrogant mentality blinds the eyes from seeing the wisdom of God—which is hidden
behind the words—and leads one to stray away from the Qur’an. But if the reader approaches the Qur’an
humbly as a student of knowledge and a seeker of the Divine wisdom, and if the reader utilizes his/her
intellect, he/she might understand that the way the text is structured—with the term ‘whomever You
will’ repeated four times—denotes that God is purposefully separating dominion and authority from
honor. In other words, a person can be given authority and dominion yet be humiliated, while another
can lose dominion and authority yet be honored.
The reader should also try reading the consecutive surahs of the Qur’an with and without the
Basmallah (the sentence “In the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy” which exists in
all surahs except the ninth)—which is one of the modes of recitation (Qira’at Hamza)—in order to realize
the correlation and the interconnection of the ideas between the different surahs.
For example, the last sign of Surat Al-Isra’ correlates with the first sign of the next surah, namely
Surat Al-Kahf.
Surat Al-Isra’ ends as follows:
‫يرا‬
ً ‫ي ِم نَ ال ذُّ ِّل َو َك ِبّ ْرهُ ت َ ْك ِب‬
ٌّ ‫َوقُ ِل ْال َح ْم دُ ِل لَّ ِه الَّ ذِي لَ ْم يَ ت َّ ِخ ْذ َولَ دًا َولَ ْم يَ ُك ْن لَ هُ ش َِريكٌ فِ ي ْال ُم ْل ِك َولَ ْم يَ ُك ْن لَ هُ َو ِل‬
(111 ‫)اإلس راء‬
“And saysg, “All praise be to Allah, Who has not taken any offspring (for Himself), nor has He ever
had an associate in the dominion, nor has He ever had an ally out of humbleness. And glorify Him
constantly.”
(Qur’an 17:111)
Then Surat Al Kahf starts as follows:
‫َاب َولَ ْم يَ جْ عَ ْل لَ هُ ِع َو ًج ا‬
َ ‫ع لَ ى‬
َ ‫ْال َح ْم دُ ِل لَّ ِه الَّ ذِي أ َ ْن زَ َل‬
َ ‫ع ْب ِد ِه ْال ِك ت‬
(1 ‫)الكهف‬
“All praise be to Allah, Who sent down the Scripture upon His servant and has not made therein
any crookedness;”
(Quran 18:01)
xiii
The last sign of Surah 17 starts with a command “And saysg, ‘All praise be to Allah’”, while the
next sign which happens to be the first sign in the next surah starts with, “All praise be to Allah”.
The reader should also realize the correlation of the signs in the beginning of a surah with those
towards its end, as well as the correlation of a sign with the theme of the whole surah and with the context
in which it came.
In this translation, many grammatical shifts are pointed out for the reader. These include shifts
in the tenses of verbs, or from plural to singular and vice versa, in addition to shifts between 1st, 2nd, and
3rd persons. All of these constitute a huge pool for reflection. For example, the Qur’an says:
‫ع َم ِل ِه َوات َّبَ عُ وا أ َ ْه َوا َء ُه ْم‬
ُ ُ‫ع لَ ى بَ ِيّ نَ ٍة ِم ْن َر ِبّ ِه َك َم ْن ُز ِيّ نَ لَ ه‬
َ َ‫أَفَ َم ْن َك ان‬
َ ‫س و ُء‬
(14 ‫)محمد‬
“Is someone who relies on evident proof from his Lord like someone the evil of whose work was
adorned for him? And they followed their own whims.”
(Qur’an 47:14)
One would expect the sign to end with “And he followed his own whim”, since the sign from its
beginning speaks about a single person. The sign would then be:
“Is someone who relies on evident proof from his Lord like someone the evil of whose work was
adorned for him? And he followed his own whim.”
So why did the Qur’an suddenly shift to plural in the last part of this sign? Is it because the
person was described as an object “whose work was adorned for him”, which may make some readers
sympathize with him, believing he was a victim of Satan and therefore not fully responsible for his
actions? Thus, the Qur’an shifted to plural in saying “and they followed their own whims” in order to
send a message to the heart of the reader that such people are not victims of the devil; rather, every single
one of them was following his own whim when he disobeyed, and therefore deserves no sympathy.
The translation team also adhered to the original tenses as mentioned in the Qur’an, regardless
of how the reader may receive it. God spoke about the future events of the Hereafter around 500 times
in the Qur’an using past tense. As mentioned before, most of the other translations changed it to future
tense and in very few occasions Marmaduke Pickthall changed it to present tense. However, normally in
the Arabic language—like in the English language—past tense does not denote future, although present
tense sometimes does. This defies the rationale behind translating past tense in the original Qur’an text
to future in English whenever the translator sees fit. Because of the liberties taken in these translations,
xiv
readers cannot reflect upon God’s wisdom in addressing a future event in past tense because they are
unaware of the way it was originally said in Arabic. God may have mentioned the future events of the
Hereafter in past tense in order to emphasize that they will definitely happen (as if they have already
happened), or to express that these events have already happened in His knowledge. Alternatively, it may
be so because God is the First and the Last, (the First without a beginning and the Last without an end)
and therefore what is future for us is not future for Him and He is not bound by time. Another explanation
is that the dimensions of the Hereafter — including time — are different from the dimensions in our
earlier life in this world. Many other reflections can also come to the mind of the reader if he/she is given
access to how the Lord spoke without other humans appointing themselves as guardians, editing the
Divine rhetoric in a way that they believe to be better for the reader.
Two beautiful examples of the use of past tense in describing events of the Hereafter are the
following two signs:
ْ ‫َو ِس يقَ الَّ ذِينَ َك فَ ُروا ِإلَ ى َج َه نَّ َم ُز َم ًرا َح ت َّى ِإذَا َج ا ُءوهَا فُ تِ َح‬
. . .‫ت أَب َْوابُ َه ا َوقَ ا َل لَ ُه ْم َخ زَنَ ت ُ َه ا‬
(71 ‫)الزمر‬
“And those who denied were driven to Hell in throngs, until, when they had reached it, its gates
were opened and its keepers said to them . . .”
(Quran 39:71)
ْ ‫َو ِس يقَ الَّ ذِينَ ات َّقَ ْوا َربَّ ُه ْم إِلَ ى ْال َج نَّ ِة ُز َم ًرا َح ت َّى إِذَا َج ا ُءوهَا َوفُ تِ َح‬
َ‫ع لَ ْي ُك ْم ِط ْب ت ُ ْم فَ ا ْد ُخ لُ وهَا َخ ا ِل دِين‬
َ ‫س َل ٌم‬
َ ‫ت أَب َْوابُ َه ا َوقَ ا َل لَ ُه ْم َخ زَنَ ت ُ َه ا‬
(73 ‫)الزمر‬
“And those who were mindful of their Lord were driven to the Garden (of Paradise) in throngs,,
until, when they had reached it and its gates were opened and its keepers said to them, ‘Peace be
upon you, you have been good, so enter it, to abide.’”
(Qur’an 39:73)
I suggest that every reader of this translation of the Qur’an watch the videos of the workshop on
Tadabbor (pondering) the Qur’an.
xv
The Ten Qira’at of the Qur’an
Bridges’ translation of the ten Qira’at (modes of recitation) is the first translation to embrace
the ten modes of recitation. Only the variations which affect the meaning were considered, while the
dialectical variations were not pointed out, since they would naturally have the same meaning.
It is very important for the reader to know that although in some instances he/she may find a
considerable difference in the meaning and sentence structure in English, the Arabic variations are
usually extremely slight, most of the time a mere diacritical mark (a mark used as a phonetic guide)
above or under the word.
For example, the Quran says:
ٍ ‫ت َك ِل َم ا‬
ٍ ‫فَ ت َلَ قَّ ى آَدَ ُم ِم ْن َر ِبّ ِه َك ِل َم ا‬
‫الر ِح ي ُم‬
ُ ‫ع لَ ْي ِه ِإنَّ هُ ه َُو ال ت َّ َّو‬
َّ ‫اب‬
َ ‫َاب‬
َ ‫ت فَ ت‬
(37 ‫)البقرة‬
“Fatalaqqā Ādamu Min Rabbihi Kalimātin Fatāba ʿAlayhi Innahu Huwa L-tawābu L-raḥīm.”
(Qur’an 2:37)
If the name ‘Adam’ is written with a damma diacritic above the last letter, as above, it is
pronounced as ‘Adamu’, in which case it indicates that ‘Adam’ is the subject of the sentence, the doer of
the verb. But if it has a fat’ha diacritic above the last letter, it is pronounced ‘Adama’, in which case it
indicates that ‘Adam’ is the object of the sentence.
This variation does not appear in the Arabic text except as a single difference in a diacritical mark, while
in the English translation it appears as a major difference in sentence structure.
Thus according to the first way of recitation, the translation is:
“Thereupon Adam received words from his Lord. Thus, He granted him repentance and accepted
it from him.”
According to the second way of recitation, the translation is:
“Thereupon Adam was received by words from His Lord. Thus, He granted him repentance and
accepted it from him.”
xvi
The first Qira’a (mode of recitation), which is that of the majority of Imams, emphasizes the duty
of the human being to repent, while the Qira’a of Imam Ibn Kathir emphasizes the spiritual metaphor:
that even when man repents, it is the words of repentance which embrace him.
The above example illustrates the fact that the different Qira’at are actually a source of enrichment
of the Qur’an. Never do the different Qira’at give conflicting meanings. Rather, they complement one
another and add depth to the meaning—something which can be appreciated by pondering the difference
caused by a mere variation in a single diacritical mark. This is not something that came by chance. It
was an unprecedented linguistic tool intended by the Creator to lend further magnificence to the Noble
Qur’an and add to its miraculous aspects a linguistic one.
To properly fathom the process of the revelation of the Qur’an, it is important to understand that
the Revelation descended upon Prophet Muhammad’s heart. This is stated in the Qur’an itself:
‫ين‬
ُّ ‫ نَزَ َل ِب ِه‬١٩٢ َ‫َو ِإنَّ هُ لَ ت َ ْن ِزي ُل َربّ ِ ْال عَ الَ ِم ين‬
َ ١٩٣ ُ‫الرو ُح ْال َ ِم ين‬
َ ‫ان‬
َ ‫ ِب ِل‬١٩٤ َ‫ع لَ ى قَ ْل ِب كَ ِل ت َ ُك ونَ ِم نَ ْال ُم ْن ذ ِِرين‬
ٍ ‫ي ٍ ُم ِب‬
ٍ ‫س‬
ّ ‫ع َر ِب‬
١٩٥
(195-192 ‫)الشع راء‬
“192 And most surely, it is a bestowal from on high from the Lord of all realms. 193 The Trustworthy
Spirit came down with it 194 upon yoursg heart, that you may be of the forewarners, 195 in an evident
Arabic tongue.”
(Qur’an 26:192-195)
The Qur’an also says:
َ‫ؤْم نِين‬
ِ ‫ص ِدّقً ا ِل َم ا بَ يْنَ يَ دَ ْي ِه َو ُه دًى َوبُ ْش َرى ِل ْل ُم‬
َ ُ‫ع د ًُّوا ِل ِج ب ِْري َل فَ إِنَّ هُ ن ََّزلَ ه‬
َ َ‫قُ ْل َم ْن َك ان‬
َ ‫ع لَ ى قَ ْل بِ كَ بِ إِ ْذ ِن اللَّ ِه ُم‬
(97 ‫)البقرة‬
“Saysg, “Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel—for indeed, it is he who has bestowed it upon yoursg
heart from on high by Allah’s leave, confirming what preceded it, and guidance and glad tidings
for the believers.”
(Qur’an 2:97)
Accordingly, it can be said that the Qur’an was revealed to the heart of the Prophet (peace be
upon him) as a single entity, including its meanings, its dialects and all matters related to it.
xvii
To describe the process of revelation, the Prophet said: “Sometimes it is revealed like the ringing
of a bell; this form of Inspiration is the hardest of all, and then this state passes off after I have grasped
what was inspired.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
This is certainly not the only way in which the revelation descended upon the Prophet’s heart, but
that in which most revelation took place.
Mankind are commanded to worship God by articulating the words of the Qur’an correctly,
as they were uttered by the Prophet. They are also commanded to worship through understanding,
contemplating and applying the Qur’an in their lives.
According to Imam Ibn Al-Jazri (may Allah have mercy on him) in his book “Al-Nashr in the ten Qiraat”,
it has undoubtedly been ordained upon the nation to worship Allah by understanding the meanings of the
Qur’an and applying its instructions, and it has also been ordained upon the nation to worship Allah by
perfecting its articulation according to what was received from Prophet Muhammad and in compliance
with the native Arabic language rules that cannot be breached.
When Gabriel (Jibreel) revealed the Qur’an to the Prophet’s heart, the Prophet
asked him to facilitate the learning of the Qur’an and make it easy to articulate.
(peace be upon him)
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “O Jibreel! I have been sent to an illiterate nation among
whom are the elderly woman, the old man, the boy and the girl, and the man who cannot read a book at
all.” He said: “O Muhammad! Indeed, the Qur’an was revealed in seven dialects (aḥrûf).” (Jamiʽ at-Tirmidhi)
It is known that Arabs at that time had different dialects, as they do today: the Syrian dialect is
different from the Egyptian dialect, and both are different from the Iraqi dialect, and so on.
Thus was the situation during the era of the Prophet (peace be upon him). For example, Arabs from
the tribe of Huzail pronounced the word ḥatta (‘until’ in English) as ‘Aatta. Arabs from the tribe of Tamīm
pronounced the hamza in their speech while Arabs from Quraysh did not. Arabs from the tribe of Bani
Asad and Bani Qays inclined the letter A, so they pronounced the words Mousa (‘Moses’ in English) and ‘Issa
(‘Jesus’ in English) as Mousai and ʻIssai, respectively.
When some Arabs say Khabīran Başīran (meaning ‘All-Aware, All-Seeing’) they pronounce it with a
light R, while others pronounce it with a heavy R. Another example is the word salāt (meaning ‘prayer’):
some Arabs pronounce it with a light L, while others pronounce it with a heavy L. All of these are
examples of variations in ordinary Arabic speech.
xviii
So if all Arabs had been forced to pronounce the words of the Qur’an in the same way, this would
have been very difficult for them and it might have become a burden upon the people at that time. Thus
God revealed it in seven different Arabic dialects (aḥrûf).
Al-Bukhari and Muslim reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
“Jibeel read the Qur’an to me in one dialect (harf) and I continued asking him to read it in different
dialects (aḥrûf) until he read it in seven different dialects (aḥrûf).”
Following is the detailed narration of the ḥadith:
“The Messenger of Allah was by a pond belonging to Banu Ghifar when Jibreel (peace be upon him)
came to him and said, ‘Allah commands you to teach your nation the Qur’an in one dialect (harf, or way
of recitation).’ He said, ‘I ask my Lord for protection and forgiveness; my nation cannot bear that.’ Then
he came to him a second time and said, ‘Allah commands you to teach your nation the Qur’an in two
dialects (aḥrûf).’ He said, ‘I ask my Lord for protection and forgiveness; my nation cannot bear that.’ Then
he came to him a third time and said, ‘Allah commands you to teach your nation the Qur’an in three
dialects (aḥrûf).’ He said, ‘I ask my Lord for protection and forgiveness; my nation cannot bear that.’ Then
he came to him a fourth time and said, ‘Allah commands you to teach your nation the Qur’an in seven
dialects (aḥrûf), and whichever way they recite, it will be correct.” (Sunan an-Nasa’i)
When the prophet was asked about the seven dialects (aḥrûf) he said:
“O Ubai, the Qur’an has been revealed in seven dialects (ahruf); each is curing and sufficient.’’
(Sunan an-Nasa’i)
The revelation of the Quran in seven different dialects not only facilitated its recitation for the
Arabs at that time, but enriched the meaning of its text, as well.
Thus the variation of the seven dialects has two aspects: the dialectical aspect and the ‘enrichment
of meaning’ aspect.
The following incident between ‘Umar Ibn el-Khattab and Hisham Ibn Hakim Ibn Hizam
pleased with them) reflects this fact:
(may Allah be
‘Umar said: “I entered the mosque and heard Hisham reciting words differently from the way the
Messenger of God had taught me. When I heard him reciting Surat Al-Furqan, I was about to quarrel
with him (during the prayer) but I waited until he finished, then I pulled him from his garment and brought
him to Allah’s Messenger and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I heard this man reciting Surat Al-Furqan
xix
differently from the way you recited it to me.’ The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, ‘Let him go.’ Then he said, ‘Recite, Hisham,’ and Hisham recited as I had heard him recite.
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘It was sent down like that.’
Then he said to me, ‘Recite,’ and I recited the surah, and he said, ‘It was sent down like that. This Qur’an
was sent down in seven (different) ahruf (dialects), so recite from it whatever is easy for you.’” (Muwatta Malik)
Thus they read the Qur’an according to what they had learned and according to the knowledge
they had received from the prophet of God, and he in turn had received it from God through the angel
Jibreel.
The Qur’an says:
‫يم‬
ٍ ‫ع ِل‬
ٍ ‫َو ِإنَّ كَ لَ ت ُلَ قَّ ى ْال قُ ْرآَنَ ِم ْن لَ د ُْن َح ِك‬
َ ‫يم‬
(6 ‫)النمل‬
“And indeed, yousg are surely receiving the Qur’an from One who is All-Wise, All-Knowing.”
(Qur’an 27:6)
Since then, the Qur’an has been taught by scholars through a continuous chain of narration
tracing back to the Prophet (peace be upon him).
One of the hadiths that proves that the Qur’an was revealed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) in
more than one way of recitation is that told by ʻAisha, the wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and one of
the ‘Mothers of the believers’—a title given to the wives of the Prophet. It is related to sign 89 of Surat
Al-Waqiʻah. Together with the sign before it, it is read by the vast majority of reciters as:
ٌ ‫ فَ َر ْو ٌح َو َر ْي َح‬٨٨ َ‫فَ أ َ َّم ا ِإ ْن َك انَ ِم نَ ْال ُم قَ َّر ِب ين‬
٨٩ ‫يم‬
ٍ ‫ان َو َج نَّ ةُ نَ ِع‬
(89-88 ‫)الواقعة‬
“Fa-‘ammā in Kāna Mina l-Muqarabīn (88) Fa-rawḥun Wa-rayḥānun Wa-jannatu Naʿīm”
(Qur’an 56:88-89)
This is translated as:
“Yet, if he is one of those brought near (to God), 89 then serenity and fragrant plants and a Garden of Bliss.”
ʻAisha, the Mother of the believers narrated, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon
him) read: ‘. . . Fa-ruhun Wa-rayḥānun Wa-jannatu Naʿīm.’” (Sunan Abi Dawud)
xx
In Arabic the word Fa-rawḥun, though written in the same way as Fa-ruhun, has a different
meaning because of the difference in pronunciation caused by a single change in a diacritical mark; it is
translated as:
“Yet, if he is one of those brought near (to God), 89 then a soul with fragrant plants and a Garden of
Bliss.”
This is indeed the way of recitation narrated by Roways and documented to this day.
xxi
Some examples of the seven dialects (aḥrûf)
The first example is from the first Surah, Al-Fatiha.
It says:
‫ِين‬
ِ ّ‫َم ا ِل ِك يَ ْو ِم ال د‬
(4 ‫)الفاتحة‬
“ . . . Māliki Yawmi –Dīn.”
(Quran 1:4)
Mālik is also pronounced as Malik.
This variation is not related to the different dialects; rather it serves to enrich the meaning, as the
word Mālik has a different meaning from Malik. Mālik means the ‘Master’ or the ‘Owner’ (of the day of
recompense), while Malik means ‘King’ (of the day of recompense).
The next example, also in Surat Al-Fatiha, illustrates differences related to the dialectical aspect.
It says:
َ ‫ص َرا‬
‫يم‬
ّ ِ ‫ا ْه ِدنَا ال‬
َ ‫ط ْال ُم ْس ت َ ِق‬
(6 ‫)الفاتحة‬
“Ihdinā Aş-Şirāţa Al-Mustaqīm.”
(Qur’an 1:6)
Some dialects pronounce it with a light S, others pronounce it with a heavy S, while some others
pronounce it with a Z instead of the S; all of these pronunciations are correct, and they are all of the same
meaning.
The following example shows that sometimes the seven dialects (aḥrûf) serve to further explain
the text. It also exemplifies how modes of recitation can differ because of mere differences in the
position of the dots on the letters.
xxii
The Qura’n says:
َ‫ع لَ ى َم ا فَ عَ ْل ت ُ ْم نَاد ِِم ين‬
ْ ُ ‫ص ي بُ وا قَ ْو ًم ا ِب َج َه الَ ٍة فَ ت‬
َ ‫ص ِب ُح وا‬
ِ ُ ‫يَ ا أَيُّ َه ا الَّ ذِينَ آ َ َم نُ وا ِإ ْن َج ا َء ُك ْم فَ ا ِس ٌق ِب نَ بَ ٍأ فَ ت َبَ يَّ نُ وا أ َ ْن ت‬
(6 ‫)الحج رات‬
“Yāayyuhā Alladhīna āmanū in Jāakum Fāsiqun Binaba-in Fatabayyanū an Tuṣībū Qawman
Bijahālatin Fatuṣ’biḥū ʿAlā Mā Faʿaltum Nādimīn.”
(Qur’an 49:6)
This is how it is recited by the majority of reciters, and is translated as:
“O you who have attained faith, if an ungodly person brings you any news, investigate (the matter),
lest you harm a people out of ignorance and thus become regretful for what you have done.”
However, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf recited it as ‘Fatathabbatū (because of differences in the number
and placement of dots on three of the letters in the word).
This is translated as:
“O you who have attained faith, if an ungodly person brings you any news, ascertain (the truth), lest
you harm a people out of ignorance and thus become regretful for what you have done.”
The presence of these two versions adds great depth to the meaning. In the first case, the text
emphasizes the importance of not taking action regarding a certain matter, except after a thorough
investigation of such matter. The question that comes to mind is whether one can start taking some
preliminary action, while a lengthy investigation of the matter takes its course. This is where the other mode
of recitation lends insight, as it states that one must wait till fully ascertaining the truth before taking action.
Following is another example of how the Qira’at serve to further explain the text:
The Qur’an says:
َ
‫ِي ِل‬
َ‫لصَّلةِ ِم ْن يَ ْو ِم ْال ُج ُم عَ ِة فَ ا ْس عَ ْوا ِإلَ ى ِذ ْك ِر اللَّ ِه َوذَ ُروا ْال بَ ْي َع ذَ ِل ُك ْم َخ ي ٌْر لَ ُك ْم ِإ ْن ُك ْن ت ُ ْم ت َ ْع لَ ُم ون‬
َ ‫يَ ا أَيُّ َه ا الَّ ذِينَ آ َ َم نُ وا ِإذَا نُ ود‬
(9 ‫)الجمعة‬
“Yā ‘Ayyuhā Al-Ladhīna ‘Āmanū ‘Idhā Nūdī Lişşalāati Min Yawmi Al-Jumu‘ati Fās‘aw ‘Ilá Dhikri
Allah Wa Dharū Al-Bay‘a Dhālikum Khayrun Lakum ‘In Kuntum Ta‘lamūn”
(Qur’an 62:9)
xxiii
This is translated as:
“O you who have attained faith, when the call to prayer is made on Friday, hasten to the
remembrance of Allah and leave aside all selling; that is better for you if you only knew.”
The word ‘Fās‘aw’ means ‘hasten to’, while in another Qira’a it is recited as ‘Wamdu’ which
means ‘go to’.
The next example shows how the seven dialects (aḥrûf) enriched the meaning of the Qur’an.
The Qur’an says:
‫ص لًّ ى‬
َ ‫يم ُم‬
َ ..
َ ‫وات َّ ِخ ذُوا ِم ْن َم قَ ِام إِب َْرا ِه‬.
(125 ‫)البقرة‬
“. . .Wa Attakhidhū Min Maqāmi ‘Ibrāhīma Muşallá. . .”
(Qur’an 2:125)
It means “And takepl from Abraham’s standing place a place of prayer.” Thus the meaning is
simply a command for people to take the Maqam (standing place) of Abraham as a place of prayer.
In another dialect or way of reciting the Qur’an it is: “Wa Attakhadhū Min Maqāmi ‘Ibrāhīma
Muşallá”, which means “And they took from Abraham’s standing place a place of prayer.” So the
meaning is simply that the people of previous nations took the Maqam of Ibrahim as a place of prayer.
The next example shows how a combination of deletion or addition of one letter, coupled with
changes in two diacritical marks in another word can lead to a depth and breadth of meaning.
The Qur’an says:
ْ ‫اف أ َ ْن يُ بَ ِدّ َل دِي نَ ُك ْم أ َ ْو أ َ ْن ي‬
ُ ‫س ى َو ْل يَ ْد‬
َ‫س اد‬
ِ ‫ُظ ِه َر فِ ي ْال َ ْر‬
ُ ‫ع َربَّ هُ إِ ِنّ ي أ َ َخ‬
َ ‫َوقَ ا َل فِ ْر‬
َ َ‫ض ْال ف‬
َ ‫ع ْونُ ذَ ُرونِ ي أ َ ْق ت ُ ْل ُم و‬
(26 ‫)غافر‬
“Waqāla Fir‘awnu Dharūnī Aqtul Mūsā Walyad‘u Rabbahu Innī Akhāfu An Yubaddila Dīnakum
Aw An Yuẓ’hira Fī l-arḍi L-fasād.”
(Qur’an 40.26)
xxiv
This is translated as:
And Pharaoh said, “Let me kill Moses, and let him call upon his Lord; indeed, I am afraid that he
may exchange yourpl religion or that he may cause corruption to appear in the land.”
An alternative mode of recitation is:
“Waqāla Fir‘awnu Dharūnī Aqtul Mūsā Walyadʿu Rabbahu Innī Akhāfu An Yubaddila Dīnakum
Wa An Yuẓ’hira Fī l-arḍi L-fasād.”
The deletion of one letter here results in what is translated as:
And Pharaoh said, “Let me kill Moses, and let him call upon his Lord; indeed, I am afraid that he
may exchange yourpl religion and that he may cause corruption to appear in the land.”
Another mode of recitation is:
“Waqāla Fir‘awnu Dharūnī Aqtul Mūsā Walyadʿu Rabbahu Innī Akhāfu An Yubaddila Dīnakum
Aw An Yaẓ’hara Fī l-arḍi L-fasād.”
The change of two diacritical marks on one word here results in what is translated as:
And Pharaoh said, “Let me kill Moses, and let him call upon his Lord; indeed, I am afraid that he
may exchange yourpl religion or that corruption may appear in the land.”
Yet another mode of recitation combines the deletion of one letter as well as the change in the
two diacritical marks:
“Waqāla Fir‘awnu Dharūnī Aqtul Mūsā Walyadʿu Rabbahu Innī Akhāfu An Yubaddila Dīnakum
Wa An Yaẓ’hara Fī l-arḍi L-fasād.”
This results is what is translated as:
And Pharaoh said, “Let me kill Moses, and let him call upon his Lord; indeed, I am afraid that he
may exchange yourpl religion and that corruption may appear in the land.”
Thus the four different modes of recitation caused by minimal changes add a wealth of meaning
to the text. Together they give the impression that there was a prolonged and in-depth meeting between
xxv
Pharaoh and his advisors where all possibilities were put forward regarding the imminent ‘danger’ posed
by Moses: that he may either lead them to change their religion or cause corruption; that he may both
lead them to change their religion and cause corruption; that he may lead them to change their religion
or that corruption may eventually occur, though not caused directly by Moses; and finally, that he may
lead them to change their religion and that corruption would eventually occur, though not caused directly
by Moses.
It is clear that the four different modes of recitation managed to convey the many different scenarios
and opinions voiced during that meeting, without a need for a lengthy explanation. This exemplifies the
way in which the different Qira’at allow the Qur’an to maintain its brevity while conveying a wealth of
meaning.
Another example of how the different Qira’at enable the Qur’an to paint a vivid portrait while
maintaining its brevity is the following:
The Quran says:
َ‫ع ْونَ قَ الُ وا إِ َّن لَ نَا َلَجْ ًرا إِ ْن ُك نَّ ا نَحْ نُ ْال غَا ِل بِ ين‬
َّ ‫َو َج ا َء ال‬
َ ‫س َح َرة ُ فِ ْر‬
(113 ‫)األع راف‬
“Wajāa L-saḥaratu Fir‘awna Qālū A’inna Lanā La-ajran In kunnā Naḥnu L-ghālibīn.”
(Qur’an 7:113)
This is translated as:
“Thus the sorcerers came to Pharaoh. They said, “Is there a reward for us if we are the
overcomers?”
In another mode of recitation where only one letter is removed, this sign is read as:
“Wajāa L-saḥaratu Fir‘awna Qālū Inna Lanā La-ajran In kunnā Naḥnu L-ghālibīn.”
The translated text thus becomes:
“Thus the sorcerers came to Pharaoh. They said, “Surely there is a reward for us if we are the
overcomers.”
xxvi
The combination of these two modes of recitation makes a long story short and gives us insight
into the sorcerers’ state of mind: they entered upon Pharaoh, eager to know whether they would be
rewarded in case of their success (as exemplified in the first mode of recitation). Before Pharaoh’s answer comes
in the next sign, we can gather from the alternative mode of recitation that they were indeed reassured
that they would receive a hefty reward, and thereby proceeded to excitedly exclaim to one another that
there would surely be a great reward (as exemplified in the second mode of recitation), thus motivating one another
to succeed in their mission. This state of total belief in Pharaoh and eagerness to support him is in stark
contrast to their change of position after they realized the truth of Moses’ message, as shown later in the
same surah.
All the modes of recitation are Divine because, as mentioned before, Muslims read the Qur’an
according to what they received from the prophet of God, who in turn received it from God through the
angel Jibreel.
After that, the Qur’an was taught by scholars through a continuous chain of narration tracing
back to the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) . They not only heard the Qur’an from the Prophet
(peace be upon him),
but also recited it to him as a way of revising what they had memorized.
Ibn Masʻoud said: “The Messenger of Allah said to me, ‘Recite Surat Al-Nisa’. I asked, ‘Shall I
recite to you what was sent down to you?’ He replied, ‘I like to hear it from others.’ So I recited (it) until
I reached this sign (ayah) ‘So how will it be when We bring forth a witness from every community and
We bring yousg forth as a witness over all these?’ Then I raised my head and saw tears falling from his
eyes.” (Sunan Abi Dawud)
What is important here is that Ibn Masʻoud (may Allah be pleased with him) recited the Qur’an in the
presence of the Prophet, as did the other companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
‘Abdullah Ibn Masʻoud said, “I memorized from the mouth of the Prophet more than seventy
chapters of the Qur’an.”
Um Hisham Bint-Alharith said: “I memorized Surat Qaf from the mouth of the Messenger of
Allah; he would recite it in his speech every Friday”. (Sunan Abi Dawud)
Jubair Ibn Mutʻim also said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah reciting Surat Al-Tur in the sunset
prayer.” (Sunan Abi Dawud)
Imam Muslim also reported that Ubai bin Kaʻb narrated that the Prophet told him, “Surely Allah,
the Exalted and Glorious, has commanded me to recite the Qur’an to you,’ whereupon he said: ‘(Has)
xxvii
Allah mentioned my name to you?’ He said, ‘Allah has mentioned your name to me.’ Thereupon he began
to shed tears.”
‘Asem—one of the reciters of the ten Qira’at (modes of recitation) —narrated through a chain of
narration tracing back to At-Tufayl ibn Ubai ibin Kaʻb, that Ubai had been asked, ‘What did the Prophet
mean when he told you that Allah had commanded him to recite the Qur’an to you?’ He answered, ‘Allah
commanded the Prophet to do so, to make me follow the Prophet’s mode in reciting the Qur’an.’
This means that God desired that Ubai learn the Qur’an directly from the Prophet.
Furthermore, the Prophet recommended some of the reciters of the Qur’an.
He said: “Learn the recitation of the Qur’an from four: from ‘Abdullah bin Masʻud—he started with
him, Salim, the freed slave of Abu Hudaifa, Muʻadh bin Jabal and Ubai bin Kaʻb.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
The Messenger of Allah also said, “Whoever would like to recite the Qur’an as fresh as when it
was revealed, let him recite it like Ibn Umm ‘Abd (‘Abdullah Ibn Masʻoud)” (Sunan Ibn Majah)
Imam Muslim reported that ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas said: “The Messenger of Allah used to teach
us tashahhud as he would teach us a surah of the Qur’an.” (Sahih Muslim)
Prophet Muhammad also encouraged his companions to teach the Qur’an to others. He said
about the virtue of the Qur’an, “The best amongst you is the one who learns the Qur’an and teaches it.”
(Sahih Al-Bukhari)
He also said: “Convey from me even one sign (ayah) of the Qur’an.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
Thus each learner eventually became a teacher, and some of the companions were then assigned
to teach the Qur’an to the people.
Al-Ansar (the people of Yathrib which later became known as Madinah) sent a message to the Prophet—before
his migration from Makkah—saying that they needed a teacher to teach them the Qur’an and explain to
them the religion. He assigned Musʻab Ibn ‘Umair, who excelled in teaching them the Qur’an to such a
degree that they called him Al-Muqriʾ or ‘the teacher of recitation’.
After the conquest of Makkah, the Prophet (peace be upon him) left Muʻadh Ibn Jabal in Makkah
to teach its citizens the Qur’an, and whenever an emigrant came to the Prophet, he assigned one of the
companions to teach him the fundamentals of Islam: how to perform prayer, tashahhud and Qur’an.
xxviii
‘Ubada Ibn As-Samet said, “Whenever any convert to Islam came to the Prophet, he used to
assign one of us to teach him the Qur’an. He assigned me to teach one of them, so he stayed with me in
my home to have dinner and learn the Qur’an.”
‘Ubada also said, “I have taught some of the people of As-Suffa (homeless people who slept in the mosque)
the Qur’an and how to write.”
It is therefore obvious that the companions were extremely busy learning the Qur’an and teaching
it to others.
The Prophet used to present the Qur’an once a year during the month of Ramadan to angel Jibreel,
but in the last Ramadan before the Prophet died, he presented it all twice. This second time was called
‘the last presentation’. It was the final version of the Qur’an in one dialect only and it contained only
remnants of the seven dialects which had mostly been abrogated. This final presentation was attended
by a number of the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
After the death of the Prophet (peace be upon him), Abu Bakr became his first Caliph (successor of the
Prophet). Battles were launched against the separatist apostates, and during these battles, many memorizers
of the Qur’an were killed. Seriously concerned about that matter, ‘Umar Ibn Al-Khattab discussed it
with Abu Bakr; he suggested that since many reciters had been killed, it would be safer that the Qur’an be
collected in the form of a book. Abu Bakr said to ‘Umar, “How can I do something Prophet Muhammad
did not do?” ‘Umar said to Abu Bakr, “This is a good thing and it should be accomplished”. Abu Bakr
was convinced with the idea, and he called Zayd Ibn Thabit for this mission and told him the reasons why
he had chosen him. “You are youthful, mindful, and honest. In addition to that, you used to scribe the
revelation for the Prophet.” Thus Abu Bakr assigned him to authenticate and collect the oral and textual
Qur’anic revelations into a single bound volume.
Zayd Ibn Thabit asked Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, “How can you ask me to do something that
Prophet Muhammad did not do?’’ But Abu Bakr convinced him to accept the mission. About this heavy
responsibility Zayd Ibn Thabit said, “If they had asked me to carry a mountain, it would have been easier
than this mission.”
Zayd Ibn Thabit followed a certain procedure in collecting and authenticating the Qur’an. He
announced that any companion who had any parchment of any Qur’anic text that was written in the
presence of the Prophet of God should submit it to him with another witness acknowledging that this
piece had been written in the presence of the Prophet himself. Thus he managed to copy the whole
Qur’an in one volume. Only its signs had been put in order (in each surah), while its surahs (chapters) had not
yet been put in order.
xxix
It is important to know that whenever any revelation descended upon Prophet Muhammad’s
heart, he used to ask one of his companions to write down what was revealed, and if there were no
companions with him, he would call one or two of them to come and write down whatever he had
received of the Qur’an. Those were called the Scribes of the Qur’an, and there were forty eight of them.
Next, the companion who had written down whatever the Prophet had received would read what
he had written down to the Prophet (peace be upon him), so that if there was any error or missing word,
the Prophet would correct it. Once the Prophet authenticated that part of the Qur’an, he ordered the
companions to teach it to others. Thus the divine text had been recorded immediately upon revelation on
palm parchments, pieces of leather, and any of the writing tools of that time.
Zayd Ibn Thabit left the prepared sheets with Abu Bakr before he died; Abu Bakr in turn gave
the sheets to ‘Umar who in turn gave it to his daughter Hafsah, who was one of the ‘Mothers of the
believers’. This copy remained with Hafsah in the era of Caliph ‘Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them all).
Caliph ‘Uthman was deeply involved in the Islamic conquests that reached the Far East. The
main armies which were involved in the conquests were the Levantine army and the Iraqi army. The
soldiers of the Levantine army used to recite the Qur’an in Abu Al-Darda’s mode of recitation, or Qira’a,
while the Iraqi army used to recite the Qur’an in ʻAbdullah Ibn Masʻoud’s mode, or Qira’a. The members
of the army used to teach the Qur’an to the people who chose to embrace Islam after the conquests were
achieved.
Some disputes took place when the soldiers heard each other reciting the Qur’an in different ways.
One day Hudhayfah Ibn Al-Yaman witnessed two soldiers accusing each other of infidelity because of
both of them being ignorant of the different modes of Qur’anic recitation.
Hudhayfah Ibn Al-Yaman sped back to Madinah to tell ‘Uthman about the situation, since it
could be a source of great conflict. Hudhayfah said, ‘O chief of the believers, save the nation from
confusion, before they become disunited like Jews and Christians,’ and he told him about the incident of
the two soldiers which he had witnessed.
‘Uthman then discussed the matter with the companions, and they decided to compile the Qur’an
in one book in accordance with the last presentation of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to Jibreel before
his death. Zayd Ibn Thabit was again appointed to perform this important task. The version compiled
during the era of ‘Uthman was identical to the last presentation of the Qur’an regarding the order of the
surahs, in contrast to Abu Bakr’s compilation which had the signs ordered into surahs according to the
last presentation, but did not have the surahs ordered. This is because the Qur’an in the era of Abu Bakr
had been compiled with the intent of preserving it, whereas in the era of ‘Uthman it had been compiled
xxx
with the intent of publishing it and sending it all around the Muslim world in order to avoid disunity and
disagreement. Both of them perfectly matched the last presentation of the Qur’an regarding the absence
of many of the variations due to the seven dialects (aḥrûf) which had been abrogated.
The companions of the Prophet were twelve thousand, and all of them had approved both
compilations: the one compiled in the era of Abu Bakr and the one compiled in the era of ‘Uthman, as
both of them matched perfectly what they had received from Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
In addition to the preservation of the Qur’an in these copies which were compiled shortly after
the Prophet’s death, Muslims had kept it well-preserved by memorizing it.
After ‘Uthman’s compilation was done, the companions’ other manuscripts and notebooks
which had any Qur’anic texts and explanations and comments recorded by them were burned. Many
companions were saddened to see their notes being burned, but for the sake of preserving the Qur’an,
and to prevent its text from mixing with any human comments or prophetic explanations over time, they
accepted the loss of such notes which were linked to many beautiful memories as they sat writing down
what they had learned from the Prophet (peace be upon him).
‘Uthman sent one copy of the compiled scripture to each Islamic region accompanied by a teacher
to teach people how to recite it, because the words were not yet dotted nor did they have diacritical marks.
He sent a copy of the compiled scripture to Makkah with ‘Abdullah Ibn Al-Sa’ib Al-Makhzoumi,
a copy to Kufa with Abi ‘Abdulrahman Al-Sulami, a copy to Basra with ‘Amer Ibn ‘Abd Qays, a copy to
the Levant with Al-Moghira Ibn Abi Shihab Al-Makhzoumi. One copy remained in Madinah with Zayd
Ibn Thabit, and one copy with the Caliph ‘Uthman. Thus there were six copies of the compiled Qur’an.
It was said that they also sent other copies to Egypt, Bahrain and Yemen.
Learning the recitation of the Qur’an is mainly through hearing it, then reciting it back to a scholar,
as phonetics cannot be learned from books alone. Every Islamic region had scholars who mastered the
sciences of the Qur’an: in Madinah there were: Muaʻdh Al-Qari’, ‘Umar Ibn ‘Abd Al-‘Azeez, ‘Urwah
Ibn Al-Zubayr, ‘Ataa Ibn Yasar, and Salim Ibn ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar. In Makkah there were: ‘Ubayd Ibn
‘Umeir, Mujahid Ibn Jabr, Taawus Ibn Kisan, ‘Ataa Ibn Abi Rabah, ‘Ataa Ibn Abi Malika, and ‘Akramah,
Mawla Ibn Abbas. In the city of Basra there were Saʻeed Ibn Al-Musayyib, Al-Muhajir ibn Qunfoz, AlHassan Al-Basri, Abu Amr ibn Al-‘Alaa, and many others. In the city of Kufa there were ‘Aly Ibn Abi
Taleb, Saʻd Ibn Aby Waqqas, Huzayfah Ibn Al-Yaman, Majmaʻ ibn Jariyah, and many others.
People started to come from every region of the Muslim world to learn the Qur’an under these
scholars. Imam Nafieʻ Ibn Abi Naʻim, one of the ten scholars of the Qur’anic modes of recitation, said:
xxxi
“I received the modes of recitation from seventy of the followers (the students of the companions of the
Prophet), then I applied and documented whatever I received from two or more of them, and I skipped
whatever came from only one source.”
Imam Al-Kesa’i, another one of the ten scholars of the Qur’anic modes of recitation, used to
recite the Qur’an while students gathered in his lessons so that they could correct their recitation, take
down notes, and check the accuracy of their handwritten copies of the Qur’an.
This led to the establishment of a new era of documentation in different sorts of sciences in the
second and third centuries after Hijrah (the immigration of Prophet Muhammad from Makkah to Madinah).
Thus appeared a generation of students of knowledge who recited the Qur’an in the presence
of Qur’anic scholars then wrote down whatever they received from them, documenting the variations
between the various modes of recitation. Some of them wrote, for example: “I have recited this surah
(chapter) in the presence of my teacher (so and so), and he told me regarding this word, that it should be
recited as such.”
Thus some of those students documented two modes of recitation, some documented five, while
others documented ten modes of recitation.
The scholars put certain criteria for accepting or rejecting the modes of recitation:
First: It had to be fully compliant with the Arabic language. The Qur’an says:
‫ين‬
َ ‫ان‬
َ ‫بِ ِل‬
ٍ ِ‫ي ٍ ُمب‬
ٍ ‫س‬
ّ ِ‫ع َرب‬
(195 ‫)الشع راء‬
“in an evident Arabic tongue.” (Qur’an 26:195)
Second: It had to be written according to ʻUthmani script, bearing in mind that it was written without
dots or diacritics.
Third: It had to be narrated by multiple chains of narration tracing back to Prophet Muhammad (peace be
upon him).
These conditions existed in the narrations of ten Imams, who recited the Qur’an in ten ways of
recitation; each Imam had two narrators or reciters (Qari’) who had received the Qur’an from him.
xxxii
Those ten Imams are:
The Imam
1. Nafieʻ Ibn ‘Abdul
Rahman Ibn Abi
Nuʻaim of Madinah
2. Ibn Kathir of Makkah
His Narrators
1. Qaloun (‘Issa Az-Zarqi)
2. Warsh (‘Uthman Ibn Said Ibn Abdullah)
1. Ahmed Ibn Mohammed Ibn ‘Abdullah Al-Bazzi (Al-Bazzi)
2. Muhammad Ibn ‘Abdulrahman (Qunbol)
3. Abu ‘Amr of Basra
1. Hafs Ibn ‘Umar Bin ‘Abdul Aziz (Ad-Doury)
2. Saleh Ibn Zeyad (As-Sousy)
4. Ibn ‘Amer of Al-Shām
1. Hisham Ibn ‘Ammar As-Sulami
2. ‘Abdullah Al-Qurashy (Ibn Zekwan)
5. ‘Asem Ibn Abi AlNajoud of Kufa
1. Shuʻba Al-Asady
6. Khalaf Al-Asady
1. Idris Ibn ‘Abdulkarim Al-Haddad
2. Hafs Al-Asady
2. Isaac Al-Warraq
7. Yaʻqub Al-Hadramy
1. Rouh Al-Handaly
2. Muhammad Ibn Al Motawakil (Roways)
8. Abu Jafʻar Al-Madany
1. Ibn Wardan
2. Ibn Gammaz
9. ‘Ali Al-Kesa’i
1. Abu Harith Al-Layth Al-Marouzy
2. Hafs Ibn ‘Umar Bin ‘Abdul Aziz (Ad-Doury)
10. Hamza Al-Kufi
1. Khalaf Al-Asady
2. Khalaf Al-Shibani
xxxiii
About Bridges’ translation of the ten Qira’at of the Holy Qur’an
Bridges’ translation was done with the aim of helping the non-Arabic reader in pondering the Qur’an
(tadabbor). The translators focused not only on translating what God meant to say, but also on translating
how He spoke.
There are three main new features in this translation that make it unique:
1. It is the first translation which includes the ten Qira’at (modes of recitation). The main text is written
in accordance with the most commonly used Qira’a: that of ʻAsem, narrated by Hafs. Variations
from that are presented in footnotes denoted by ‘Q’. The translation presents around 30% of the
variations of the Qira’at—those which affect the meaning and can therefore be demonstrated in
translation. The rest are merely dialectical and cannot therefore be demonstrated in English.
2. It is the first translation that takes into consideration the Qur’anic phenomenon of grammatical
shifts, whether in verb tenses, numbers, or pronouns. These are a great source of pondering for
the reader. Speaking about the Hereafter in past tense is a frequent feature of the Qur’an and this
has been respected in this translation.
3. To denote whether a pronoun like “you” or an imperative verb like “say” is plural, dual, or
singular, the translators did not impose their understanding on the reader by adding text between
brackets like (O Prophet) to denote singular form, or (O mankind) to denote plural form. Rather, this
distinction was achieved by adding a superscript after nouns, pronouns, and imperative verbs.
For example: youpl is used for a plural pronoun, yousg for a singular pronoun, and youdl for a dual
pronoun. Likewise, imperative verbs such as “say” are expressed as saypl for a plural verb, saysg
for a singular verb and saydl for a dual verb. It must be noted that in the Qur’an most imperative
verbs in the singular form are meant to address Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
xxxiv
About Bridges Foundation
Bridges Foundation is an international organization specializing in introducing Islam to both
Muslims and non-Muslims.
To get more information about Bridges’ activities or to contribute to its educational and Daʻwa
programs, please visit: www.bridges-foundation.org.
A large team worked tirelessly for more than three years on this translation and their effort is
deeply appreciated.
xxxv
Translation team members and linguists
Imam Fadel Soliman (team coordinator, translator, theology & Qira’at consultant)
Dr. Hala Muhammad (translator)
Dr. Adel Salahi (linguistic consultant)
Dr. Sohaib Saeed (linguistic consultant)
Ms Sally Epps (linguistic consultant)
Dr. Mustafa Khattab (Qira’at reviewer)
Imam Yousef Wahb (Qira’at reviewer)
Dr. Walaa’ Ramadan (editor)
Eng. Monther Al-Shehabi (typesetter)
Eng. Talal Itani
xxxvi
References
Books of tafseer
Rouh Al-Maʻāny by Al-Alousi
At-Tahreer wal Tanweer by Ibn ʻAshour
Al-Kashāf by Az-Zamakhshari
Nazm Ad-Dorar by Al-Beqaʻi
Jameʻ Al-Bayan by At-Tabari
Al-Jameʻ Le’Ahkam Al-Qur’an by Al-Qurtubi
Mafatih Al-Ghayb, the Grand Tafseer by Ar-Rāzi
Fat-h Al-Qadeer by Al-Shawkāni
Books on Qira’at
The Ten Consecutive Qira’at from the Way of Al-Shatebeya and Ad-Dorrah by Sheikh Muhammad
Korayem Rajeh
The Tajweed Mus-haf with the ten Qira’at by Dr Ahmad ʻIssa Al-Maʻsarāwi
Fadel Soliman
Bridges Foundation
xxxvii
THE QUR’AN
1. The Opening �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1
2. The Cow ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1
3. Imran’s Folk ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 33
4. Women ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 51
5. The Table Spread ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 70
6. Livestock ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 84
7. The Elevations ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 100
8. The Spoils ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������117
9. Repentance ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 123
10. Jonah �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 136
11. Hud ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 146
12. Joseph ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 155
13. Thunder ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 164
14. Abraham �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 169
15. The Stone City ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������173
16. The Bees ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 177
17. The Night Journey ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 186
18. The Cave �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 195
19. Mary ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 203
20. Tâ-Ha ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 208
21. The Prophets ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 215
22. The Pilgrimage ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 221
23. The Believers ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 228
24. The Light ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 233
25. The Criterion ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 240
26. The Poets ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 245
27. The Ants ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 252
28. The Narratives ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 258
29. The Spider ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 265
30. The Romans �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 270
31. Luqman ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 274
32. Prostration ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 277
33. The Parties ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 279
34. Sheba �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 286
35. Originator ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 291
36. Ya-Sîn ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 295
37. The Aligned ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 299
38. Sād ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 304
39. Throngs ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 308
40. Forgiver�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������314
41. Detailed ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 320
42. Consultation �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 324
43. Decorations ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 329
44. Smoke ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 333
45. Kneeling �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 335
46. The Dunes ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 338
47. Muhammad ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 342
48. Conquest �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 345
49. The Chambers ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 348
50. Qāf ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 350
51. The Spreaders ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 352
52. Mount Tûr ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 354
53. The Star ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 355
54. The Moon ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 357
55. The All-Merciful ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 359
56. The Inevitable ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 362
57. Iron ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 364
58. The Arguing Woman ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 367
59. Exodus ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 370
60. The Woman Tested ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 372
61. Lining Up in Ranks �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 374
62. Friday ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 375
63. The Hypocrites ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 376
64. Mutual Loss and Gain ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 377
65. Divorce ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 379
66. Prohibition ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 380
67. Dominion ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 382
68. The Pen ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 383
69. The Reality ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 385
70. Ways of Ascent ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 387
71. Noah ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 388
72. The Jinn ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 389
73. The Enwrapped ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 391
74. The Enrobed �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 392
75. The Resurrection ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 394
76. Man ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 395
77. The Unleashed ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 396
78. The Tiding ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 397
79. The Snatchers ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 398
80. He Frowned ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 400
81. The Rolling ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 401
82. The Splitting apart ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 401
83. The Defrauders ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 402
84. The Rupture �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 403
85. The Constellations ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 404
86. The Pulsar ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 405
87. The Most High ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 405
88. The Overwhelming ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 406
89. The Dawn ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 406
90. The City ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 407
91. The Sun ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 408
92. The Night ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 408
93. Morning Shine ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 409
94. Expanding ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 409
95. The Fig ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 410
96. The Clinging Form ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 410
97. Determination ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 410
98. Evident Proof ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 411
99. The Quake ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 411
100. The Racers ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 412
101. The Shocking Event ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 412
102. Vying for more �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 412
103. Time ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 413
104. The Backbiter ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 413
105. The Elephant ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 413
106. Quraysh ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������414
107. Kindnesses ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������414
108. Plenty ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������414
109. The Deniers ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 415
110. Support �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 415
111. Palm Fiber ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 415
112. Purity ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������416
113. Daybreak ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������416
114. Mankind �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������416
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j ĵųjķ `źŶjŲİŽ ŴŽj
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û
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űŴjû Źi Ųk Šɰh c
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ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źȎĭjɅb jĬĭ
j ķ ĵŶŲA;
i i h h mh ğ ğ û h h h l x h f ğ h h û i h h x h Š h
i ŴŲ Mĵ
hɉb ði Cźɺj
h
i ŲAh Şj ;h ŠŴŽj
h ğ űŹ`ź
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jh ȍ‹
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= ƅj? `ź
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Ši ʼnh ŴjƞŲbĵŲh b̈
ȑ‹bŊh ŠĬ‹
û
ğ i û h ğ h h hh
q h i Ŷğ Ųj İû ųi i j ķi h űh Ÿi h ĵŲx h bh h ğ ŋjj Ň˖‹i i _j źû hȎĭjɅbh h jĬĭ
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ŋi šj ķŒĵȹ ŶĵŲAŲb;
ű
j
j
j
h
l
ûh
i mğ h
h i Šh i
h ğ `ź
h ȑ‹ğ bh Ĭ‹
űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= ƅj? `źŠi ʼnh ƞ ĵŲh bh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ŠjʼnɴŽ
ii
û
h
q
h hh x hğ
i ğ űi Ÿi IA
ðĵŗŋh Ɋh Ĭ‹
ŌŦ PŋŲ űŹj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ̊ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ĵŲh bh
the name of Allah,
In
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Alif Lām Mīm. 2 That is the Scripture; there is no
doubt about it—a guidance for the mindful (of God),b
who believe in the (existence of) hidden realms and
3
establish the prayers and spend out of what We have
provided them, 4 and those who believe in what has
been sent down to yousg and what has been sent
down before you, and regarding the Hereafter they
are certain. 5 Those are upon guidance from their
Lord, and those are the successful. 6 Indeed, it is the
same for those who have denied: whether yousg have
warned them or have not warned them, they do not
believe. 7 Allah has set a seal on their hearts and on
their hearing, and over their sight(s)c is a veil; for for
them is a great punishment. 8 And of mankind are
those who say, “We have attained faith in Allah and
in the Last Day,” but they are not believers. 9 They
try to deceive Allah and those who have attained
faith, yet they deceived none but themselves, but
they are unaware. 10 In their hearts is sickness, so
Allah increased their sickness, and for them is a
painful punishment
on account of how they used to
liee. 11 And when it is said to them, “Do not spread
corruption in the land,” they say, “Indeed, we are
only reformers.” 12 Undoubtedly, it is they who are
1
All except for ʻAsem, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf in one of his narrations read it as: “King of the Day of Recompense.”
This portion can be read differently in Arabic by pausing after ‘doubt’, and in this case it means: ‘That is the Scripture,
no doubt. In it there is guidance for the mindful (of God).’
c
Mentioned in plural form in Arabic, denoted by (s) in English for grammatical reasons.
Qd
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . yet they try to deceive none but . . .”
Qe
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . they used to disbelieve.”
Qa
b
1
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h f h h û ih h
h h h
h
û l i h
űû Źi ɉ ŮžjȰ AJ˯ ̋ `źiķjŊȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ü űi Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ űŹɉb
h
h
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l i ûi h
mh
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j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Abʼnjŏ
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h h i ûiû i i û iğ
h h
û ğ
h
ŮžjȰ AJ˯ ̍ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ƅ ŴȲ
ŧųɉ‹ űŸ űŹȫj?
j Š ɧbh `bʼnjŏ
h
m h
ûi l i h i ğ h h h m h h l i h û ih
Ŵh ŲAh ;h ĵųh Ŭ Ŵji ŲİŵɁ Aźm ɉĵũ Mĵ
ȍ‹ ŴŲA; ĵųŬ AźŶjŲA; űŹɉ
ğ
h h im h h Ġ i i û i ğ m hh im h h Ġ
h h
Š
̎ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ ŴȲ
ɧ
j b ;ĵŹŧŏɉ‹ űŸ űŹȫj? ƅɁ ñ ;ĵŹŧŏɉ‹
h l h h h
l i h l
h
h ȑ‹ğ l AźŪi hů AJ˯
ǓŠ j ? Aźû ŰŇ AJ˯ ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h Aźm ɉĵũ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ğ l i h
h
h
ûh ğ i
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û
i
h
i
iğ
̐ `źŹi ųh šû Ȭh űû Źj j ŶŠɱh ŤŚi Ǎj űû ŸʼnĠ ųi Ɇh bh űû Źj j ķ @Ōj Źû ļh ŏû h ȹ Ĭ‹
h Š h i û h h Šh ğ l i h h û h ğ h Ģ h l i
ĺŅh j ɅKh ĵųh ȯ c
ʼnŹɉĭjķ ĹŰʄŘɉ‹ AbǛő‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ūjɌʤb=
ğ hh h û iihh
h ʼnļh Źû Ɋi l Aźiŵǽh ĵŲh bh űû Źi ȩi ŋh Šɲjh kĻ
djȑ‹ Ůj ĿųŬ űŹŰĿŲ ̑ ŴŽj
û hm h h mğhh q h hhûh û
h Ÿh Jh ÿȔi h źû ńh ĵŲh D
iğ Ķ
űjû ŸjKźŶi j ķ Ĭ‹
;ĵŗ= ĵųŰŦ ˊKĵŵ ʼnũźļŎ‹
h i û i ğ Šh i i
û i üĠ i
û ih hh
x û ȭi űf Ȳ
ǖ
ķ űŔ ̒ `bDz
j ĸȬ ƅ ĺ
p ʅŰŝ Ǎj űŹȡŋh Ļb
h i ûh h û ih
x Š ʅh Űi ŝi jŷžjȯ j;mĵųh ŏɉ‹
ğ Ŵjh Ųk Ķžk ŕh Ŭh bû h= ̓ `ź
ĺ
šŁ
j ŋŽ ƅ űŹȯ
p j
h
h h m û ih Šh h ihûh x ûhh x û h h
ğ Ŵjh Ųk űŹjŵAJA
Ũjj ŠŠʆh ŕɉ‹
j űŹšjĸɞ= `źŰšƒ \ŋɅb ʼnŠKb
j ;Ǎ
h û
i iğ h û hû h h h
i ûhû i h h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
\ǚ
ů‹ IĵȲŽ ̔ ŴɆ
ůĭjķ ˤžjƤ Ĭ‹
bD
ˏ j źųɉ‹ KŊń
j
h
h
l h
h m h m ği i h h i ûh
h û mh
űh Űŝ= AJ˯ jŷžjȯ Aźû ŒŲğ űŹi ɉ ;h ĵŗ= ĵųh ǿ ðűû Ÿŋh Š ɻûķɁ ťśh ƞ
ğ
h h
i hũ űû Źžû hŰŠh
h Ÿh ȑh h Ĭ‹
i ğ ;h m ĵőh źû h ɉbh l Aźô Ɋĵ
`j? űjô û Ÿŋj Š ɻûķɁbh űû Źj jšųû ŏh j ȵ Ķ
j
h
h
l iiû
k
h
i
h
h
h
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x ʼnũ p;ƾ
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û ȁ ȇ
Ģ ̕ ŋŽj
Abʼnĸȭ‹ Mĵ
j Š Ĭ‹
ğ i
h
i ğ h i
i hh h
h ȑ‹ğ bh űû Ȳ
űû ȲŰšh ů űû Ȳj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
ŪŰŇ djȑ‹ űi ȲɅğ Kh
ğ
m m ğ h q h h hû i i h hh h
h i h
;q ĵŶh j ķ ;h ĵųh ŏɉ‹
b ĵőŠɷj Ŧ P˱Ɓ‹ űȲů ŮšŁ djȑ‹ ̖ `źŪļğ ȩ
h m m ğ
hh hh
q
Šj ɷh ųh ğȌ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ājŷjķ Fh ŋh Ňû įhŦ ;q ĵŲh ;j ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ĵũLû jK D
Ŵjh Ų ^Ōŵ
=b
h
h
h ih û h û i h q h ğ l i hûh hh û i ğ
i Ŭi `˯ ̗ `ź
űû ļŶ
ųŰšȩ űļŵ=b AIAʼnŵ= jĬj AźŰšƏ ƆŦ ðűȲů
û k k h i l i û h h û h Šh h h û ğ h ğ k û h
ĀjŷjŰĿjŲ ŴjŲ p ˅Kźŏjȵ AźĻɂŦ ĵŵjʼnĸȭ ȇ ĵȍŌŵ ĵųjɊ Ķ
p ɆK Ǎj
indeed the corrupters, but they are unaware. 13 And
when it is said to them, “Believe as the people have
believed,” they say, “Shall we believe as the fools
have believed?” Undoubtedly, it is they who are
indeed the fools, but they do not know. 14 And when
they encounter those who have attained faith, they
say, “We have attained faith.” But when they are
alone with their Satans, they say, “We are indeed
with you; we are only ridiculing.” 15 Allah ridicules
them and gives them free rein to exceed all limits,
wandering blindly. 16 Those are the ones who have
purchased utter misguidance in exchange for
guidance, so in no way has their bargain made any
profit, and in no way have they been rightly guided.
Their likeness is that of a person who kindled a
17
fire, but when it illuminated all around him, Allah
took away theira light and left them in darkness(es)b,
unable to see. 18 Deaf, mute, blind, so they are not
returning. 19 Or like a cloudburst from the sky in
which are darkness(es) and thunder and lightning.
They put their fingers into their ears against the
thunderbolts, in fear of death. Yet Allah is AllEncompassing of the deniers. 20 The lightning
almost snatches their sight (s) away; whenever it
illuminates for them, they walk in it. But when it
darkens over them, they stand (still). And had Allah
willed, He could have done away with their hearing
and their sight(s). Indeed, Allah is All-Powerful
over everything. 21 O mankind, worship your Lord
Who created you and those before you, that you
may become mindful (of Him): 22 the One Who has
made the land a habitat for you and the sky a
structure, and has sent water down from the sky and
has brought out products thereby as provision for
you. So do not assign rivals to Allah while you
know. 23 And if youpl are in doubt about what We
have bestowed upon Our servant from on high, then
bring a single surahc of its like, and call your
witnesses apart from Allah if you are truthful. 24
But if youpl do not—and you will not—then be
mindful of the Fired whose fuel is people and stones;
it has been prepared for the deniers. 25 And givesg
glad tidings to those who have attained faith and
have done righteous
deeds: that for them are
Gardens beneath which rivers flow. Whenever they
a
b
c
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Mentioned in plural form in Arabic, denoted by (es) in English for grammatical reasons.
Each portion of the Qur’an is called a ‘surah’, which is sometimes translated as ‘chapter’.
Literally ‘protect yourselves against the Fire’.
2
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
ğ
i k i hmh h i l i û h
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi `? jĬ‹
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j I ŴjŲ űȱ;AʼnŹő AźŠI‹b
ğ h ğ l iğ h l ih ûh hh l ih ûh ûğ h
h i i
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h û û ğ i ih h û h i ğ
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ŴŽj
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j
j
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ğ
l ii i h
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x h m h û i h h ðĵ q Š h h i
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h û h ûh h hğ ğ
h i h h û ih xhğ hĠ
`= mĀƻ
j ļŏȹ ƅ Ĭ‹ `j?ø ̚ `bȒj Š ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸb ð CŋŹśŲ
l ih h h ğ ğhh hhûh h h q h ih ğ qhh h û h
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŲįŦ ô ĵŹȰźŦ ĵųȯ ĹŗźšȨ ĵŲ ƆĿŲ BǴ
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ô j ĿŬ Ājŷjķ djʼnŹɆbh
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h Ģh hû
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;
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j j j
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h h h û i l i h
m ğ
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh
ð ĵŶh ļh ųû ŰŠh ĵŲh ƅj? ĵhȍ űh ŰjŠ ƅ ūŶh Šɳ
ĸŎ Aźɉĵũ ̠ ǻj
are provided with any produce therefrom as
provision, they say, “This is what we were provided
with before,” and they are brought (them) in (perfect)
resemblance. And for them are cleansed spouses
therein, and therein they abide. 26 Indeed, Allah
does not shy away from setting forth any parable,
even of a gnat or anything above it. So as for those
who have attained faith—they know that it is the
truth from their Lord. But as for those who have
denied—they say, “What did Allah want (to say) by
this parable?” He misguides many thereby and He
guides many thereby, but He does not misguide
thereby except the defiantly disobedient 27 who
violate Allah’s covenant after it has been pledged
and sever what Allah has commanded to be joined
and spread corruption in the earth—those are the
losers. 28 How can youpl deny Allah when you were
lifeless and He gave you life, then He puts you to
death, then He brings you to life, then to Him you
are returneda? 29 It is He Who created for youpl what
is on earth, all together, then turned to the heaven
and formed themb into seven heavens. And He is
All-Knowing of everything. 30 And recall when
yoursg Lord said to the angels, “I am appointing a
viceroy in the earth.” They said, “Will You appoint
in it someone who causes corruption in it and sheds
blood, while we highly exalt You with praise and
proclaim Your holiness?” He said, “Indeed, I know
what you do not know.” 31 And He taught Adam the
names, all of them; then He presented them to the
angels and said, “Inform Me of the names of these,
if you are truthful.” 32 They said, “Highly Exalted
be You! We have no knowledge except what You
have taught us. Indeed, it is You Who are the AllKnowing, the All-Wise.” 33 He said, “O Adam,
inform them of their names.” So when he informed
them of their names, He said, “Did I not tell youpl
that I know (all about) the hidden realm of the heavens
and the earth, and that I know what you disclose
and what you have been concealing?” 34 And recall
when We said to the angels, “Prostrate yourselves
to Adam”, so they prostrated themselves—but not
Iblisc. He refused and acted arrogantly and became
of the deniers. 35 Thereafter, We said, “O Adam,
settle in the Garden, you and your spouse, and eatdl
Qa
b
c
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . to Him you return?”
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Iblis is another name of Satan or Shaytan.
3
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h h h h h
h ğ
h h= ū
i ŭơ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ ĺŵ
h û űžj
Ģ ^ĵũ ̡ űžj
űŹi Ĵû j ĸ˩= _i IĵnZh ʑ
ŵj?
h
h
h
h
h
h
i ğ i ûh h h û mh û
i h mğhh û mh û
m k j j ? űû Ȳ
ƭ
ů Ůũ= űɉɁ ^ĵũ űŹj j ɋĵųŎįjķ űŸįĸ˩
= ĵųŰŦ ðűŹj j ɋĵųŎįjķ
h
h
û
hû
h
i
h h ğ Ķ
h žû Ȯh űi hŰŠû h=
j Ɓ‹bh D
ĵŲh bh `bʼni ĸû ȩ ĵŲh űi ŰŠ=bh P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
h
û h i i
h l i û h Ģh h û hû i û
_h I˕ Abʼni ł
Ŏ‹ jĹŭjɌˁųŰj ɉ ĵŶŰũ J˯ ̢ `źųi ļi ȲĻ űû ļŶ
Ŭ
h
h û h h hh h h û h û h Šh h û m ğ lm i h h h
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
ů‹ ŴjŲ `Ȣb ǚŭļŎ‹b ƪɁ ōɀj Űķj? ƅj? AbʼnłŏŦ
ŴɆ
j
h i h hû h i û h h h h û i û i h h h h û i h
Ģ ĵŶŰũb ̣
ūŁbLb ĺŵ= ŴȲŎ‹ _IĵnZʑ
ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų ȥbh ĹŶğ Ơ‹
h
û i
ûh h
h i h h h ğ
h
Ŵjh Ų ĵŵźŭļh ȯ Cŋh ł
Œɉ‹ j aŊj Šɪ ĵɅh ŋh Ūȩ ƅbh ĵųh ļi Ȼjő Ľžû ńh Aʼne ţKh
ğ
ğ
h ųjۊɾů‹
ğĵųjɊ ĵųh Źi Łh ŋh Ňû hįhŦ ĵŹh Ŷû ȭh Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
hĵųŹi ğ ɉLh hįhŦ ̤ ǻ
j
h h
i h x h
i i l û ûi
Ǎj űû Ȳůbh ð bk ʼni Š Ŗg šû h jȊ űû ȲŘšû Ȩh Aźśi j ĸŸ‹ ĵŶh Űũbh ˌjŷžjȯ ĵŵǽ
hû
h Ģ ğhhh
Š h j ? şf Šɮh Ųh bh ŋx k Ūh ļh ŏû Ɋi P˱
j
Űļȯ ̥ ǻj
Ǔ
ĀjŷjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ _i IA;h ǐ
ń
Ɓ‹
p
ûh i
h
h ļh ȯh ĺŠʅjh ǿh
i źğ ȋ‹
ğ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ? jŷžû ŰŠh Bĵ
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ BA
ĵŶŰũ ̦ űžj
p
j ˏ
û
l
h qi
h q h hû
û
h
i
şh j ĸĻ Ŵųh ȯ cʼnŸ ƴjjk Ųk űȲŶğ hɀj ĻįhŽ ĵŲğ j ıŦ ðĵšžj
Ʀ ĵŹŶjŲ Aźśi j ĸŸ‹
h ihûh û i hh û ûh h fû h hh h h i
h ȑ‹ğ bh ̧ `ź
ŴŽj
ŵŌƘ űŸ ƅb űŹj žŰŠ [źŇ ƆŦ dAʼnŸ
h Ģh l i m h Šh l i ğ h h l i h h
h Ŕû h= ū
h ȯ űû Ÿi Kĵğȍ‹ Ķ
i Šɳ
ĵŹžj
ˌj
j Ɍʤb= ĵŶjļɔ˲ AźķŊȡb Abŋŧȱ
h
û h Ģh û m hŠh
h i Šh
i ųû šh ȫû Ɂ Ʋ
h j ųh šjû ŵ l Abŋi Ŭi J‹
m j ů‹ğ Ʋ
ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ĸɔ ̨ `bȒ
jɗ
ĺ
h
i
i ûh h
i h û h ğ û i û h j = dj
m ʼnŹû šh ķ l AźiŦbû =bh űû Ȳ
`ź
žŰŠ
j ĸŸKĭŦ żh Š ɔ˯ űȡjʼnŹšjķ [b
j
h
lmi i h hh û i h h hk q k h i i û h m h l i h h
AźŵźȲĻ ƅb űȲšŲ ĵųj ɉ ĵũjʼnŕɊ ĺůŌŵ= ĵųjķ AźŶjŲA;b ̩
q h
h h h
h
ğ
h l ih ûh hh
żh Š ɔ˯ Ɔžj Űũ ĵŶq ųh Ȫ Ʋj Š ɔ˲ AbǛ
Œȶ ƅb Ājðŷjķ ˽j Ŧǽ ^bğ =
û
iğ h
û hh
h û l Aźŏi ȼûŰhĻ ƅh bh ̪ `ź
h û l Aźųi ļi Ȳ
Ļb Ůj śj Šɭh ůĭjķ Ũğ ơ‹
Ũğ ơ‹
j ŪȩĭŦ
j
l i h û h hŠ h ğ l i h h hŠh ğ l i hh
h h h i hh
AźšŬK‹b CźŬŌɉ‹ AźĻA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźųžjȰ=b ̫ `źųi Űšû ȩ űû ļŵ
=b
û
h
h h hh k û
h ğ h ii h
ğ h h
h
`źû ŏȿ
Ļb ǚ
j j ůĭjķ Mĵȍ‹ `bŋɊįĻɁø ̬ ǻšj jŬŠɷů‹ şŲ
h i h h hh h Šh û h i ûh û i hh û i h i h
̭ `źŰŪj šû ȩ ƆŦ= Ķ
ô ɮjŭů‹ `źŰļȩ űļŵ=b űȲŏŧŵ=
hh ğ h h h hğ
l i h û h
h ğ h û ğ
ȇ ƅj? fCǞ
j ĸŭů ĵŹȫ˯ ˏj CźŠ Űŕɉ‹b ǚ
j ŕɉĭjķ AźŶžjšļŎ‹b
from it freely as you both will; but do not approachdl
this tree, lest youdl become of the unjust.” 36 Yet
Satan made them slipa therefrom, so he brought
them out of what they were in. Then We said,
“Descendpl, as enemies to one another, for in the
earth youpl have a place of settlement and enjoyment
for a while.” 37 Thereupon Adam received wordsb
from his Lord. Thus, He granted him repentance
and accepted it from him. Indeed, it is He Who is
the Superb Granter and Accepter of repentance, the
Bestower of mercy. 38 We said, “Descend from it,
all together. Then whenever any guidance comes to
you from Me, then whoever follows My guidance—
then no fearc shall be upon themd nor shall they
grieve. 39 But those who have denied and disbelieved
in Our signs—those are the fellows of the Fire;
therein they abide.” 40 O Children of Israel,
“Remember My blessing which I blessed you with
and fulfill your (part of the) covenant so that I fulfill
My (part of the) covenant, and fear Me alone. 41 And
believepl in what I have sent down, confirming what
is with youpl. And do not be the first deniere of it,
and do not purchase, in exchange for My revelations,
a small price, and be mindful of Me alone. 42 And
do not mix truth with falsehood, and do not conceal
the truth while youpl know. 43 And establish the
prayer, and bringf the purifying charityg, and bow
down with the ones bowing down. 44 Do youpl
command mankind to virtue and forget yourselves,
even though you read the Scripture? Do you not
reason? 45 And seek pl help through patience and
prayer, and it is indeed a great burden except for the
reverent 46 who are certain that they shall meet their
Lord and that to Him they will return. 47 O Children
of Israel, remember My blessing with which I
blessed you, and that I favored you over all
communities. 48 And be mindful of a dayh when no
self avails another in anything, nor is any
intercession accepted on its behalf, nor is any
ransom taken from it, nor are theyd supported. 49
Hamza read it as: “Yet Satan removed them therefrom . . .”
Ibn Kathir read
it
as:
“Thereupon
Adam
was
received
by
words
from
His Lord.”
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . then no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
e
A grammatical shift from plural to singular.
f
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
g
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
h
Literally ‘protect yourselves against a day’.
Qa
Qb
4
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
l ih
ğh
ğh h i h ğ
h û
h š jŒŠɴ
űû Źi ȫɁbh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh AźŪŠʄŲĠ űŹi ȫɁ `źŶĠ ŞȬh ŴŽj
ů‹
ȑ‹ ̮ ǻ
j
l
ğ
i
û h Ģh û m hŠh
h
h ûh
h j ųh šjû ŵ Abŋi ŬJ‹
m j ů‹ Ʋ
ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ĸɔ ̯ `źši Ł
Ʋ
j Š ɚ jŷȎj?
hh û i iû ğ h k hh û i ûh h i û h ûh
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ ȇ
űȲļŰŘŦ ƭj Ɂb űȲžŰŠ ĺųšȫɁ
̰ ǻ
j
h
l iğ
i û
ûğ h
ûh
q h
ûh ğ
Ůĸh ŪȬi ƅbh ĵnZžû ő ōp ŧȫ ŴŠ ōf ŧȫ dŌj Ə ƅ ĵŲq źû hŽ AźŪȩ‹bh
h i h i û i h h x û h h û i h û i h h x h Šh h h û
̱ `bDzŶ
Ž űŸ ƅb ^ʼnŠ ĵŹŶjŲ ŊŇİŽ ƅb Ĺšʁő ĵŹŶjŲ
i h i ih h ûh û
h û k i hûğh û
;h źm Ŏi űû ȲŵźɊź
ŏȹ `źŠŋj Ŧ ^A
j ; ŴjŲ űȲŠɰžƑ J˯
h hû
h û h ûhh û i hmhûh h ik hi
i m
ȝj bh űô û ȱ;h ĵŏjh ȸ `źži Ņ
ļŏȹb űȱ;ĵŶȨɁ `źƔj ŊŽ BA
j Ŋšů‹
û h û
i
i k ğ k x m h h i Šh
x Şj Šh űû Ȳ
űi Ȳjķ ĵŶh Ȱŋh Ŧ J˯ ̲ űž
j ɅK ŴjŲ ;Ɔķ űȲj ůə
h
h
h i i h û i h h û h û h h m h û h û h û i Šh ûh hh h û hû
`bŋŞŶĻ űļŵ=b `źŠŋj Ŧ ^A; ĵŶȰŋţ=b űȲɰžƑįŦ ŋŅȊ‹
h û û i i û hğ ğ i qh ûh h h ûh Ģ h i h û h Šh û
Ůł
šj ů‹ űȩŊƛ‹ űȪ ĹŰȎ ǻjšɅK= ƽźɊ ĵŵʼnŠɩ J˯ ̳
h
h i hh
i h h hh i
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űȲŶŠ ĵŵźû ŧȭ űğ Ȫ ̴ `źųji ۊɡ űû ļŵ
=b Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj
û
h i ûh i ğ h h h
h Ɋi ĵŶh ûɀhĻA;h J˯
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ ƽź
Ķ
̵ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ů ūj ɉŠə
h Š h i h h û
h
h i ğ h h h iû
Ɋ ^ĵũ J˯ ̶ `bʼni ļh Źû ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů `ĵũŋû ŧů‹bh
ĀjŷŲj źû Ūj ů ƽź
h û û i i hk
i h i h û i û h h û i ğ j û hŠh
j j ķ űȲ
Ůł
ŏŧŵ= űļųŰŝ űȲŵj? _źŪɔ
jšů‹ űȱjJĵƛĭ
h
h l i ih
i Šh û i h i l m i i û h û i
xǞû Ňh űû Ȳj
ļȯ
ůə űȲŏŧŵ= AźŰļȰĭŦ űȲjɋjKĵhķ ǓŠ j ? Aźm Ʌź
i ûh h h hh û i
h h
i źğ ȋ‹
û i ğ
ğ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ? űû Ȳ
BA
j ô žŰŠ Bĵļȯ űȲjɋjKĵķ ʼnŶjŠ űȲů
h Šğ h h h h û Ġ h Š h i Šh û iû i û
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ
ń ūɉ ŴjŲİŵ Ŵů ƽźųɔ űļŰũ J˯ ̷ űžj
cŋh ŵ Ʋ
h i i h û i hh i h Š ğ i i û h h hh qh û h hğ
ğűȪi ̸ `b
ŋŞŶĻ űļŵ=b ĹŪjšɻů‹ űȲĻŊŇįŦ CŋŹŁ Ĭ‹
i
ûh i ğ h i
h
i û
̹ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ů űû Ȳj Ļźû Ɋh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űȲŠɰh Ŀšh Ȩh
ûh hh h h hû i i ûh h hûğ hh
û
i hh
=b _ĵųŤů‹ űȲžŰŠ ĵŶŰŰŝb
Ŵğ ųh ɉ‹ űi Ȳžû ŰŠ ĵhȍŌŵ
l ii Š hû ğ h
h h h
i û
h
ĵŵźųi Űŝ ĵŲh bh űô û ȲŠɰh ũLh Kh ĵŲh ĺ
źŰŏɉ‹b
j Šɭjžk Śh ŴjŲ Aźǿ ðc
h
l i i û hûi û
h
û
h
i l i h
AźŰŇI‹ ĵŶŰũ J˯ ̺ `źųji ŰŞȬh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= Aźm ŵǽ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh
l i i û h qh h û iû
l iih h hû
h
i
AźŰŇI‹b AʼnţK űļȻjő Ľžû ńh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų AźȀŦ ĹɆh ŋû Ūů‹ j aŊj Šɪ
And recall how We delivered youpl from Pharaoh’s
folk— (those) inflictinga upon you an evil punishment,
slaying your sons and keeping your women alive (in
bondage). For therein is a great test from your Lord.
And recall how We parted the sea for youpl and
50
(thus) We saved you, and We drowned Pharaoh’s folk
while you were beholding. 51 And recall when We
appointed withb Moses forty nights. Then youpl took
the calf (for worship) after him, while you were unjust.
Then We pardoned you after that, that you may
52
give thanks. 53 And recall when We gave Moses the
Scripture and the Criterion, that you pl may be
guided. 54 And recall when Moses said to his people,
“O my people, you have done injustice to yourselves
by taking the calf (for worship). So repent to your
Maker and kill yourselvesc. That would be better
for you with your Maker.” So He granted you
repentance and accepted it from you; indeed it is
He who is the Superb Granter and Accepter of
repentance, the Bestower of mercy. 55 And recall
when youpl said, “O Moses, we will not believe in
you unless we see Allah plainly.” Thereupon the
thunderbolt struck you while you were beholding.
Then We revived youpl after your death, that you
56
may give thanks. 57 And We shaded youpl with
mists, and We sent down manna and quails upon
you: “Eat of the good things We have provided for
you.” And in no way did they do injustice to Us, but
they used to do injustice to themselves. 58 And recall
when We said, “Enter this town and eat from it
freely wherever youpl will, but enter the gate bowing
down and say, ‘disburden (us)’. We (will) forgive you
your offensesd, and We will give more to those who
excel in doing good.” 59 Then the ones who did
injustice exchanged (it for) a saying other than that
which had been said to them, so We sent down upon
the ones who did injustice a torment from heaven
on account of how they used to defiantly disobey.
And recall how Moses prayed for water for his
60
people, so We said, “Strike the rock with yoursg
staff.” Thereupon twelve springs gushed out from
it; each group of people certainly knew its drinkingplace. “Eatpl and drink from Allah’s provision, and
do not go wickedly about the land, corrupting (it).”
And recall when youpl said, “O Moses, we shall
61
A grammatical shift describing past events in present tense, serving to create a vivid portrait of events.
Abu ʻAmr, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . appointed for Moses . . .”
c
By mortifying it.
Qd
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Your offenses will be forgiven for you . . .”
a
Qb
5
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
l i i
ûğ x
q
h
i h
i
h hȊ‹û
űô û ȲŠɱh Šɽh Ň űû Ȳů ŋû jŧŤȫ Ĺśjğ ń Aźɉźũbh Aʼnłğ Ŏi Bĵ
û ųi û ɉ‹ ʼnɆ
h ȿ jŏŅ
i ǣh Ŏh bh
h û Ȯh ƅe źû hũ l Aźųi hŰŝh ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ^h ʼnğ ĸh ȯh ̻ ǻ
Ǟ
j
j
h
ğ
h
û
l
h
h
h
h
h
h
h įŦ űû Źi ɉ ŮžjȰ djȑ‹ğ
h ȑ‹ ȇ ĵhȍŌŵ
Ŵjh Ųk ˊŌq Łû jK Aźųi Űŝ ŴŽj
h i i ûh l i h h mh ğ
û jJ˯ø ̼ `ź
Š h Ɋi ǐ
Š h ŏû hȽŎ‹
ŪŏŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ j;ĵųŏɉ‹
ƽź
h
û hû ih
û h h h h h hû h h h k
ŷi Ŷjû Ų Dŋh ł
ŧŵĭŦ ð ŋłơ‹ ]ĵŕšjȨ Bǰ‹
ĵŶŰŪȯ ĀjŷŲj źû Ūj ů
j
l ii û ihh û ğ
hi Ġi h h û h qû h hh û h hhû
Aźǿ ðűŹɅǬŲ Mĵ
p ŵɁ ȁ űj ŰŠ ʼnũ ðĵŶžȭ CǬŠ ĵļȿľ‹
h û lûhû h hh ğ
l h û h
ûi
h
j
̽ ŴŽjʼn jŏŧŲ P˱Ɓ‹ Ǎj AźĿšȩ ƅb jĬ‹ \j Lû jKk ŴjŲ AźɅi Ǩ‹
b
h
û
hh i û h
h
û
h
h ŕû ğŵ Ŵů ƽź
Š h ųi Š ɔh űû ļi Űiũ J˯
Š ǚ
ĵȍ SIĭŦ ʼnp ń
j Š ɩh ˉp ĵšh Śh ȇ
j
mğ
û
i h û i i ğ hh û ûi h ğh
ĵŹh j ɋĵĿj ũbh ĵŹjh ŰŪȨh Ŵü Ųj P˱Ɓ‹ ĺ
j ĸ˪Ļ ĵųjɊ ĵȍ Fŋj ƞ ūɅK
ğ h i ûh ûhh h h h h hh h h h h h ih
hŠ û h h i
ƭI= źŸ djȑ‹ `źɉjʼnĸȽŏȶɁ ^ĵũ ðĵŹj ŰŕɅb ĵŹjŎʼnŠb ĵŹjɊźŦb
ğ
ûh h ğ i h ğ h q û l i û fû h h i
Ň źŸ djȑĭjķ
ñűû iȋɂŎ ĵŲ űȲů `jıŦ ˊDzjɊ AźśjĸŸ‹ ôǞ
ğ
h h imhh ih h û hû h iğk i ûh h û h i h
Ř
jôĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ķ
j b
p Ťjķ b;ĵɅb ĹŶŭŏųɉ‹b Ĺůjȑ‹ űŹj žŰŠ ĺɅǰ
h
l
ğ
h i û
h iû
i h
ğ
h
h h
`źŰļi ŪɆh bh jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ Aźŵǽ űû Źi ȫɂjķ ūj ɉŠə
l i h l h
h
h h k hû û h h k ğ
̾ `bʼni ļh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽbğ Aźŕh Š ĵųh j ķ ūj ɉŠə Ũ
ˏ j ơ‹ Ǟ
j Ťjķ ŴāZjžjȼȍ‹
ğ
ğ h Š hŠ h ğ h l i h h h l ih h h ğ ğ
h nZĸŠɻů‹
Ŵû Ųh ǻ
b cŋɻȍ‹b AbIĵŸ ŴŽjȑ‹b AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j?
jj
h
hh
h h h
ğ
i
h h h
h û bh jĬĭ
űû Ÿŋi Łû = űû Źi ŰŦ ĵŅjq ۊɞ Ůųj Šbh ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû Ȏ‹
j ķ ŴŲA;
h h f h h
û
h i ûh i h
h Š
J˯ ̿ `źŵŌh Ƙ űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ [źû Ň ƅbh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh ʼnŶj
m h l i i h Ġ i i h û h h û h h h û i hŠh
hû h h
ĵŲ AbŊŇ Kźśů‹ űȲũźŦ ĵŶšȯKb űȲŪɯžjŲ ĵŵŊŇ=
l i û
i
h i h i ğ h
i i
h
űğ Ȫ ̀ `źŪļğ ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů jŷžjȯ ĵŲh Abŋi ŬJ‹bh p ˅źğ Ūjķ űȲŠɰh žû ȩA;h
ğ h
i û h h hh h h
i h h ğ
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ jĬ‹ ŮŘŦ ƅźû ŰŦ ðūj ɉŠə ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űļi ûȎźh Ļ
h û h k i i h iihû h h
h Ǫj Šɴ
h ȑ‹ğ űi ļi ųjû ŰŠh ʼnû Ūh hůbh ́ ŴɆ
ů‹ ŴjŲ űļŶŭů ÿŷļƧKb
ŴŽj
j
l û
eh h l i i û ih hû i h
i
û ğ Ǎ űû ȲŶj
CIŋj ũ AźŵźŬ űŹɉ ĵŶŰŪȯ ĺ
Ų Abû ʼnh ļh ȭ‹
j ĸŏɉ‹
j
h h hŠhû h h h
hû h
h û Ȩh ĵųjh k ɉ Ɔq Š ʃ
h nZ jŏŠɗh
ĵŹh ŧŰŇ ĵŲh bh ĵŹh Ȭû ʼnh hŽ ǻ
ŵ ĵŹɰŰšłŦ ͂ ǻ
j
not endure one kind of food, so call upon your Lord
to bring out for us of what the earth germinates: of
its herbs and its cucumbers and its garlic and its
lentils and its onions.” He said, “Would you pl
exchange what is better for what is less? Go down
to Egypt where you will have what you asked for.”
And they a were struck with humiliation and
destituteness, and they incurred wrath from Allah.
That was because they used to deny Allah’s signsb
and unjustifiably kill the prophets. That was
because they disobeyed and used to transgress. 62
Indeed, those who have attained faith and those
who have Judaized and the Christians and the
Sabians—whoever has attained faith in Allah and
the Last Day and has acted righteously—then theirc
reward is with their Lord, and no feard shall be upon
them nor shall they grieve. 63 And recall when We
took a pledge from youpl and raised Mount Tûr
above you: “Take what We have given you firmly
and remember what is in it, that you may become
mindful (of God).” 64 But after that youpl turned away.
So were it not for Allah’s grace and mercy towards
you, you would have been of the losers. 65 And you
surely knew those of you who transgressed the
Sabbath, so We said to them, “Be despicable apes!”
Thus We made it a deterrent for their generation
66
and for subsequent generations, and a lesson for the
mindfulpl (of God). 67 And recall when Moses said to
his people, “Indeed, Allah commands you to
slaughter a cow.” They said, “Do you make a
mockery of us?” He said, “I seek refuge with Allah
from being one of the ignorant.” 68 They said, “Call
upon your Lord to make evident to us what (sort of
cow) it is.” He said, “He says it is a cow neither too
old nor too young—of median age between that, so
do what you are commanded.” 69 They said, “Call
upon your Lord to make evident to us what its color
is.” He said, “Indeed, He says that it is surely a
yellow cow, bright in color, pleasing to the
beholders.” 70 They said, “Call upon your Lord to
make evident to us what (sort of cow) it is; surely all
cows look alike to us and—if Allah wills— we
shall most surely be guided.” 71 He said, “He says it
yoked to plow the earth nor to
is a cow neither
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
c
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qd
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
a
b
6
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
û
h Ūļğ ųi ûŰj ků Ĺq Şjh Šźû Ɋh bh
h ğ `ğ ? mĀjŷŲj źû Ūjh ů ƽź
Š h Ɋi ^ĵh hũ J˯
Ĭ‹
̓ǻ
j
j
h
h
h h
i
i h i ğh lmi h qh hh l ih û h h û i i iûh
JźŠi = ^ĵũ ðˊbq Ōi Ÿ ĵŵŊň
j ļȩɁ Aźɉĵũ ð CŋŪȨ AźƔŊĻ `= űȱŋɊįŽ
h i û l i h
h i h ûh ğ
h
h ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų `ź
h ŰŹŠɲ
ȱ= `= jĬĭjķ
ūɅğ Kh ĵhȍ SI‹ Aźɉĵũ ̈́ ǻj
j
h x h ğ x h
ğ i i
ğ h h h h hğ khi
ƅbh PjKĵŦ ƅ Cŋh ŪȨh ĵŹh ȫj? ^źŪȬh ÿŷi ŵj? ^ĵũ ôǗ
j ĵŲ ĵȍ ǻj ȼŽ
i û l i h
h
û i l i û h h h h û h üi h h f û
SI‹ Aźɉĵũ ͅ `bŋi Ɋh İĻ ĵŲh AźŰšh ȯĭŦ ðūj ɉŠə ǻ
Ȩ `AźŠ ŋȲjķ
x h hh h ğ i i h iğ h h h i ûh h hğ khi h ğ h hh
CŋŪȨ ĵŹȫj? ^źŪȬ ÿŷŵj? ^ĵũ ô ĵŹȫźɉ ĵŲ ĵȍ ǻj ȼŽ ūɅK ĵȍ
h i û l i h
h
ğ Ġ ih hiûğ x h imh û h
h ŋŞj Šɰů‹
ūɅğ Kh ĵhȍ SI‹ Aźɉĵũ ͆ ŴɆ
Ǫȶ ĵŹȫźů şj ũĵŦ ;AŋŧŔ
j
h
m
m
h
ğ hû h h hŠh h hhû ğ h h hğ khi
i ğ ‹ ;h ĵőh `? ĵȫ˯
Ĭ
ĵŶžŰŠ ŷĸɺȶ ŋŪȊ‹ `j? Ǘj ĵŲ ĵȍ ǻj ȼŽ
j
ğ
x
i
i ih iğ h h
h i hû ih
i j ȾiĻ ^źɉJh ƅ x Cŋh Ūh Ȩh ĵŹh ȫğ ? ^ź
Ǟ
j ŪȬ ÿŷŵj? ^ĵũ ͇ `bʼnļŹųɉ
ğ x ğ
l i h h hh
h h
h hû
h hû
Aźɉĵũ ô ĵŹžjȯ Ĺžjő ƅ Ĺųh Űŏh Ɋi Eŋû ơ‹
ǐj ŏû ȶ ƅbh P˱Ɓ‹
û
h i û l i h
h i h h h k hû
h Ĵû Ł Ŵh ˜ûů‹
ŊŦ Ũˏ j ơĭjķ ĺ
J˯ ͈ `źŰšh ŧȬh AbIǽ ĵŲh bh ĵŸźƔ
j
û h
i
ûh
i ğ h
x û i i ğ h ðĵ h
i Ŭ ĵŲğ F
űû ļŶ
ŋj ƥ Ĭ‹b Źžjȯ űû ȩ˸ŠɘĭŦ ĵŏq ŧȫ űû ļi Űļh Ȱ
h
û hû ih
û h
û ĸh ķ aź
i ğ ƻû iŽ ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh ô ĵŹh Ř
i Ʌi ǰ‹
š
ĵŶŰŪȯ ͉ `źųi ļi ȲĻ
Ĭ‹
j
j
j
j
h û
h i û h û i ğ h h Šh h û i
û ŏh hũ űğ Ȫi ͊ `ź
Š źû ųh ɉ‹
ĺ
ŰjŪšȩ űȲŰšů ĀjŷjļɔA; űȲɆŋj Ɇi bh Ș
q û h Ġ h h h h h û h h h h Šh û h ü k i i i i
łj ơĭŬ ǘj Ŧ ūj ɉə ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj űȲɅźŰũ
ô Cźh ŏũ ʼnő= bû = j CKĵ
h h h û h ğ
h
ûh û
ğ
h
łj ơ‹ ŴjŲ `˯
ĵųh ɉ ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų `˯ ô ŋi Š ʇh ŵƁ‹ ŷi Ŷjû Ų ŋi łğ ŧļh Ȭh ĵųh ɉ j CKĵ
h
m û
û h
û h ğ ğ
ğ
jĹžh ŒŇ Ŵjû Ų ři j ĸŹû Ȭh ĵųh ɉ ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų `˯ ô ;i ĵųh ɉ‹ ŷi Ŷjû Ų Fi ŋi ňžh ȯ Ũi ŪŒhȹ
h h
hh
h i h h
h iğ hh ğ
ĵŲb ñjĬ‹
`= `źši ųh śû ļh ȯ=ø ͋ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųğ ȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ Ĭ‹
hh h
ğ
i h l i ûi
û x ŋhŦ `h ǽh ʼnû hũbh űû Ȳ
ů AźŶjŲİŽ
jĬ‹ űh Š ʄŬ `źši ųh ŏû h ȹ űû Źi ŶjŲk ŨɆ
j
i hh
h
h h
h i i i
i
AJ˯ ͌ `źųi Űšû Ȭh űû Ÿbh iaźŰŪȭ ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ÿŷi ŵźŦŋj k hƘ űğ Ȫ
h
l i h l
h h h
i
h ȑ‹ğ l AźŪi hů
ǓŠ j ? űû Źi Řšû Ȩh ƆŇ AJ˯ ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h Aźm ɉĵũ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h
h i ih l i h
i h h iğ
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Ĭ‹
Ńh ļh ȯ ĵųh j ķ űŹi ȫźľjʼnk hƕɁ Aźm ɉĵũ Ŗp šû Ȩh
hhh
i m h i
h i ûh hhh û i kh h
ƅb= ͍ `źŰjŪšȩ ƆŦ= űô ȲjɅK ʼnŶjŠ Ājŷjķ űȡźŁĠ ĵŅ
Ȏj
irrigate the field, sound without blemish.” They
said, “Now you have come with the truth.” So they
slaughtered it, though they almost did not. 72 And
recall when you pl killed a self then shifted
responsibility for it onto each other, but Allah was
to bring out (to the open) what you were concealing. 73
So We said, “Strike him with part of it.” Thus Allah
brings the dead to life, and He shows youpl His
signs, that you may reason. 74 Then after that your
hearts hardened, so that they were as rocks or even
harder. For surely from some rocks rivers gush out,
and surely some others splinter so that water comes
out from them, and surely some others sink in awe
of Allah. And Allah is never oblivious of what youa
do. 75 Do youpl ardently hope that they will believe
you, when a group of them used to hear the Speech
of Allah and then distort it after they had reasoned,
knowingly? 76 And when they encounter those who
have attained faith, they say, “We have attained
faith.” But when they come together privately, they
say, “Do you pl inform them of what Allah has
disclosed to you so that they might debate you
concerning it before your Lord?” Do you not
reason? 77 Do they not know that Allah knows
whatever they keep secret and whatever they make
public? 78 And among themb are illiterates who do
not know the Scripture, other than fancies, and they
only speculate. 79 So woe to those who scribe the
Scripture with their own hands and then say, “This
is from Allah,” that they may purchase, in exchange
for it, a small price. Woe to them on account of what
their hands have written, and woe to them on
account of what they earnc. 80 And they said, “The
Fire will not touch us except for a few days.” Saysg,
“Have youpl taken a covenant from Allah—so Allah
will never break His covenant—or are you saying
about Allah what you do not know?” 81 Yes indeed,
whoever has earned an evil deed and whose offense
hasd surrounded him—then those are the fellows of
the Fire; therein they abide. 82 But those who have
attained faith and have done righteous deeds—
those are the fellows of the Garden (of Paradise);
therein they abide. 83 And recall when We took a
Children of Israel: “Youe shall
pledge from the
Ibn Kathir read it as: “. . . of what they do.”
The Jews.
c
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
Qd
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . whose offenses have surrounded . . .”
Qe
Ibn Kathir, Hamza and Al-Kesa’i read it as: “They shall worship . . .”
Qa
b
7
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h
h Ġ i h ihûh hğ ğh h ihûh
űû Źi Ŷjû Ųbh ͎ `źŶji Űšû Ȭi ĵŲh bh `bǪ
j ȹ ĵŲ űŰšȬ Ĭ‹ `= `źųŰšȬ
h
h i ğ i û ğ h m ğ h Šh û h i h û h h h Ġ ki
`źŶĠ ŞȬh ƅj? űû Ÿ `˯ ƭĵ
j ů‹ `źųŰšȬ ƅ `źžjŲ=
j Ų= ƅj? Ķɮŭ
h
h i i i
h ii û h h ğk x ûhh
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ `ź
`źɉźŪȬh űğ Ȫ űû Źj ŽjʼnûŽɂjķ Ķ
ĸļȲŽ ŴŽjȓj ů ŮɆźŦ ͏
ğ x h q h
l ih û h ğ
h
h h
űŹi ɉ ŮɆû źh Ŧ ð Ɔžj Űũ ĵŶq ųh Ȫ Ājŷjķ AbǛ
Œɀj ů jĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų AŊŠɪ
h û hhh ğ k
l i hh
ğ x
h
û
Aźɉĵũb ͐ `źĸi jŏȲhŽ ĵųjğ Ɋk űŹi ɉ ŮɆû bh bh űû Źj ŽjʼnûŽɁ ĺ
ĸļŬ ĵųjɊ
h
h
iû hğ ûi qh
ğ h
q ğŽɁ mƅğ ? Kĵ
i ğ h ğ hh h
Š űû ȩŊƛɁ Ůũ ô CIbʼni šû Ųğ ĵŲĵ
jĬ‹ ʼnŶj
j ȍ‹ ĵŶŏųȩ Ŵů
h h ğ hh h i ih ûh mi h û h iğ
h ûi hh q h
ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ ȇ `źɉźŪȩ _= ÿð aʼnŹȭ Ĭ‹ ťj Űƞ ŴŰŦ AʼnŹû ȭ
hh qh k h h h h
h ihûh
h
û
h
Š
Š h hķ ͑ `ź
Ājŷjķ ĺśɖ=b ĹĴjɀŎ ĶŏŬ ŴŲh ˏ ǔ
ųŰšȩ
h
i
h
h i Šh h û i ğ i Šh û h Ģ l h iihm h
͒ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjKĵȍ‹ ĶɳŔ= ūjɌʤbįŦ ÿŷļnZžśj Ň
h Ģhli
h ğ l i h l ih
h Ŕû h= ū
i Šɳ
h ȑ‹ğ bh
Ķ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
j Ɍʤb= ĺ
h i Šh h
hû h h û
h
i
hû
m j hķ Ũh Šɯžj
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űû Ÿ ˌjĹŶğ Ơ‹
ƴ
Ų ĵŵŊŇ= J˯ ͓ `bȒ
û
h i iû h h h Ģh û
q
h ğ ƅğ ? `b
ʼnĸšȩ ƅ ŮŽj;ʴŎj?
djJbh ĵȫĵŏh ńû j ? Ŵj ûŽȐh j Š ʆh ůĭjɅbh Ĭ‹
j
û
l
h h h Š h Šh hû h Šh û iû
ğ ɉ Aźiɉźiũbh ǻjŭɹ
j ŶŰj
ĵŶq ŏû ńi Mĵ
ɮȎ‹b ȗŋŪů‹
j Š ųɉ‹b ǖ
q h ğ û iûğhh ğ i hŠ h ğ l i h h hŠh ğ l i hh
Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? űļȎźĻ űȪ CźŬŌɉ‹ AźĻA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźųžjȰ=b
h i h h
hû h h û
h i
i k
i h=bh űû ȲŶj
ƅ űû ȲŪŠɯžjŲ ĵŵŊŇ= J˯ ͔ `źŗŋj šû ŲĠ űļŵ
Ų
h
i h
ûi h i m h i h
i h
i
űû ȡŋj Š ɔjI ŴjŲk űȲŏh ŧŵ= `źŁi ŋj ƛ ƅbh űû ȱ;h ĵŲjh I `źŭjŧŏû ȶ
ûh i hh û i û hûh ğ i
h i ûh mhiĢh ûi h ği
h
`źŰļi Ūȩ ;j ƅİʧ
űļŵ= űȪ ͕ `bʼni Źh Œȶ űû ļŵ
=b űȩKŋũ= űȪ
ûi
q h h
h
i h
hh
h
i
i
`bŋi Źh ŠɾĻ űjû Ÿŋj Š ɔjI ŴjŲk űȲŶjŲk ĵŪɆŋj Ŧ `źŁi ŋj ƛbh űû Ȳŏh ŧŵ=
û
û û
i hi Š h Šh i û i iûh
ûh h
űû Ÿbʼni ŠʁĻ c
ŋɜ= űȡźĻɂŽ `˯ `j Š ɩh ʼnû ši ů‹bh űj ľƃĭ
j j ķ űŹj žŰŠ
h i ûihh û i i h û û i ûh h f ğhi h i h
h û
û ĸh ķ `ź
Š
Ŗ
š
Ķ
ɮj
ŭ
ů‹
j j ŶjŲİļȯ= űô ŹŁAŋŇj? űȲžŰŠ _ŋƤ źŸb
j
m
h
h h i û
i
ûh h iû hh
űû ȲŶjŲ ūj ɉŠə Ůšh ŧȬh ŴŲh ;i AŌh Łh ĵųh ȯ Ŗ
ˏ p šĸjķ `bŋi ŧȲĻb
h h Ģ h h Ġ h i h Š h û h û h h h û Ġ Š h hû
x Ōjû Ň ƅğ j ?
ʼnj k ő= Ǔ
j ? `bIŋŽ jĹųɱŪj ů‹ _źɆb ðĵžȫȐ‹ j Cźžơ‹ Ǎj d
h hû
h ihûh ğ h
h iğ hh
h Ģhli
hŴŽjȑ‹ğ ū
ˍ j Ŋšů‹
j Ɍʤb= ͖ `źŰųšȩ ĵųȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ Ĭ‹ ĵŲb BA
worship none but Allah, and excel in showing
kindness to the parents and the relative and orphans
and the destitutepl, and say kind words to mankind
and establish the prayers and bringa the purifying
charityb.” Then youc turned away in disregard,
except for a few of you. 84 And recall when We took
a pledge from youpl: “You shall not shed your blood
nor evict yourselves from your homes.” Then you
consented while you were witnessing. 85 Then here
you are, killing yourselves and evicting a group of
your own from their homes—backing each other
against them in sin and hostility. And if they come
to you as captives, you do ransomd them, while their
eviction is forbidden to you. Is it that you believe in
part of the Scripture and deny part? So what is the
repayment for those of you who do that but disgrace
in the Earlier Life, and (that) on the Day of
Resurrection they are turned back to the most
severe punishment? For Allah is never oblivious of
what youe do. 86 Those are the ones who purchased
the Earlier Life in exchange for the Hereafter, so the
punishment is not lightened for them nor are they
to be supported. 87 And most surely, We brought
Moses the Scripture and sent a succession of
messengers after him. And We brought Jesus, son
of Mary, the evident proofs, and We aided him with
the Holy Spirit. Is it that every time a messenger
came to you with anything your (inner) selves do not
desire, you acted arrogantly, so one group you
disbelieved, and another group you killf ? 88 And
they said, “Our hearts are enfolded.” Rather, Allah
has cursed them for their denial, so little do they
believe. 89 For when a scripture came to them from
Allah, confirming what they had—although
previously they were seeking a conquest against
those who denied—but when there came to them
what they recognized, they denied it. So may
Allah’s curse be upon the deniers. 90 Miserable is
what they have purchased in exchange for their (very)
selves—that they deny what Allah has bestowed
from on highg, out of resentment that Allah would
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ inassociation with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
b
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
c
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
Qd
All except for Nafieʻ, ʻAsem, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . you ransom them,”
Qe
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Shuʻbah, Yaʻqub and Khalaf in his preferred narration read it as: “. . . what they do.”
f
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense; using present tense for an old practice emphasizes that it was a
tradition frequently practiced.
Qg
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . what Allah has sent down . . .”
a
8
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
hi hh h
û Ġ h Š h hû l i h h û
i Ŋh šh ûů‹ űi Źi Ŷû ȭh ťi ŧğ ƞ
Cźžơ‹ AbǛő‹
BA
ƆŦ ˌjCŋjŇ˖ĭjķ ĵžh ȫȐ‹
ğ h h Šh û h i hûh h û hh h
h i h i û i hh
Ž űŸ ƅb
ĵŶh žû ŧȰbh Ķ
ɮjŭů‹ ƽźɊ ĵŶɀĻA; ʼnŪůb ͗ `bDzŶ
h û
hûh
h û
h
Ġ ķ Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj
ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊ‹ űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋ Ŵh Ȩ‹ ƿɀjŠ ĵŶɀĻA;h bh ˌŮj Ŏi ŋɉĭ
j
h h üi i h û i h m h h ğ i h h
ii û j i i Š h û ğ h h
ƅ ĵųjķ ^źŎK űȱ;ĵŁ ĵųȀŦ= M
ˍ j ʼnŪů‹ Gbŋjķ ŷɓʼnŽɁb
ğ h q hh iûhû h û i i i i h Ģ hûh
q h
ĵŪɆŋj Ŧbh űû ļi Ȩû ŊŬ ĵŪɆŋj ŧȯ űû ȩǚ
ŭļŎ‹ űȲŏŧŵ= cźŹȩ
h i ûh
͘ `źŰļi Ūȩ
ğ
x Šɮjh Ŭ űû Ÿi ;h m ĵŁh ĵųğ h ɉbh ͙
jĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk Ķ
hh h i ûh ûh iûh
l i h
k x
h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
`źŅjļŧļŏȹ ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ AźŵȢbh űû Źi šh Ųh ĵųjh ɉ \jʼnk ŕh Ɋi
ŴŽj
l hh l i h
hh l hh
ğ i hh
i m
jĬ‹ ĹŶh šû ŰŦ Ājôŷjķ Abŋi ŧȱ AźŦŋh Š ĵŲğ űŸ;h ĵŁh ĵųğ ŰŦ Abŋi ŧȱ
h
l hh û h h û
h û hh
i h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ ȇ
ő‹ ĵųŏȻjķ ͚ ŴɆ
`= űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= mĀjŷjķ Abû Ǜ
j
h
h
l
h
h
m
û h
khi
i ğ ^ǣ
eûh iğ
h h
iiû h
ĀjŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
j Ȭ `= ĵžŤȨ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵųjķ AbŋŧȲŽ
h h Šh h
h h imhh
h Š Ŵjû Ų ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh ȇ
Šh h
j
Ķ
Ķ
Ř
Ť
ķ
b
;
ĵ
ĸ
ȯ
Āj
a
I
ĵ
ĸj
ˏ p Řţ ȇ
ð
j
g
m h l i h û ih h h
x h h h Šh û h
x ŹɊĠ BA
ĵųjķ AźŶjŲA; űŹɉ ŮžjȰ AJ˯ ͛ ǻ
ŊŠ ŴɆŋj jŧʃŰj ɉb
j
i
h h h mh i ûi l i h iğ hh h
h iû
ĵųh j ķ `bŋi ŧȲɆh bh ĵŶh žû ŰŠ ^Ōŵ
j = ĵųjķ ŴjŲİŵ Aźɉĵũ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ=
k q
h i ûh h ûi
h û źh Ÿi bh ÿia;h m AKh bh
`źŰļi Ūȩ űjh ŰŦ Ůũ ñűû Źi šh Ųh ĵųjh ɉ ĵũjʼnk ŕh Ɋi ŨĠ ơ‹
hhh
ğ hmh h
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭi `? Ůi ĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ jĬ‹
ʼnû Ūůbø
͜ ǻj
;ĵžjĸ˩=
j
h û û i i û hğ ğ i Šh khû Š h Ġ i hm h
Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ůł
jšů‹ űȩŊƛ‹ űȪ ĺ
j ɰjžȊĭjķ ƽźŲ űȱ;ĵŁ
h
h i hh
i h h h
i h h hû h h û
űi Ȳũźû Ŧ ĵŶh šû ȯKh bh űû ȲŪŠɯžjŲ ĵŵŊŇ= J˯ ͝ `źųji ۊɡ űû ļŵ
=b
send down His grace upon whomever He wills of
His servants. Thus they incurred wrath upon wrath,
for for the deniers is a demeaning punishment. 91
And when it is said to them, “Believe in what Allah
has sent down,” they say, “We believe in what was
sent down to us,” and they deny anything beyond
that, although it is the truth which confirms what
they have. Saysg, “Why (then) do you killa Allah’s
prophets—earlier—if you are believers?” 92 And
very truly Moses came to youpl with the evident
proofs, then you took the calf (for worship) after him
while you were unjust. 93 And recall when We took
a pledge from youpl and raised Mount Tûr above
you: “Take what We have given you firmly and
hear.” They said, “We have heard and disobeyed.”
And, on account of their denial, in their hearts they
were soaked in (the worship of) the calf. Saysg, “How
miserable is that which your pl faith commands you
to do, if you are believers.” 94 Saysg, “If the Home of
the Hereafter with Allah is for youpl alone apart
from all mankind, then wish for death if you are
truthful.” 95 But they will never wish for it, on
account of what their hands have put forth. For
Allah is All-Knowing of the unjust. 96 And yousg
will most surely find them the most adhering of
mankind to life, and more so than those who
associated (others with God). Every one of them would
love to have his life extended a thousand years, but
being granted a long life does not nudge him from
the punishment, for Allah is All-Seeing of what
they b do. 97 Say sg , “Whoever is an enemy to
Gabriel…c—for indeed, it is he who has bestowed
it upon yoursg heart from on high by Allah’s leave,
confirming what preceded it, and guidance and glad
tidings for the believers.” 98 Whoever is an enemy
to Allah and His angels and His messengers and
Gabriel and Michael—then surely Allah is an
enemy to the deniers. 99 And We have indeed sent
down to yousg evident signs, and none denies them
except the defiantly disobedient. 100 Is it not that
whenever they make a covenant, a group of them
throws it away? In fact, most of them do not believe.
For when a messenger from Allah came to them
101
they had, a group of those who
confirming what
were given the Scripture threw the Scripture of
l i h l û h ği i hûh h mh l i i h Ġ
ĵŶh šû ųj Ŏh Aźɉĵũ Aźð ši ųh Ŏ‹
b p ˅źŪjķ űȲŠɰžȩA; ĵŲ AbŊŇ Kźśů‹
l û ih hû h h h
ûi
hû û i ii
ûi
Ůũ űjô û Ÿŋj ŧȲjķ Ůł
jšů‹ űŹj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj AźɅi Ǩ
j =b ĵŶžŕŠb
ûi
i iŠh m
i i iûh h h û
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭi `? űû Ȳ
Ůũ ͞ ǻj
Ŷ
ʅŽ
?
Āj
ŷ
ķ
ű
ȱ
ŋɊįŽ ĵųŏȻjķ
j
j j
i k q h h ğ h ih
i ğ i i h û h h
`b
j I ŴjŲ Ĺŕj ɉĵŇ jĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ CŋjŇ˖‹ KAȐ‹ űȲů ĺŵǽ `j?
h
h û hû l ğhhh j ğ
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi `? D
ai źû Ŷğ ųh ļh Ȭh Ŵůbh ͟ ǻj
ȍ‹
j źųɉ‹ Aźi Ŷųļȯ Mĵ
Using present tense for an old practice emphasizes that it was a tradition frequently practiced.
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . of what youpl do.”
c
This sentence is left open-ended; according to Ibn ʻAshour and other exegetes, its predicate is “then let him take God as
an enemy.”
a
Qb
9
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
ğ ü i h i ğ h û û h û h ğ h h üh h h
h ųjۊɾůĭ
͠ ǻ
j
j ķ űžj ŰŠ Ĭ‹b űô Źj ŽjʼnŽɁ ĺŲʼnũ ĵųjķ ˊʼnķɁ
h
h ğ
l i h û h ğ h h Š h h Šh h
hh h
j ğȍ‹ Oh ŋh ńû = űû Źi ȫʼnh ł
Aźô ȡǨ= ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲb p ˅źžń ȇ Mĵ
j ȋb
h i h Ġ
hûh
i
û
h
Ŵjh Ų Ājŷń
j Ōj ńŌh ųi j ķ źh Ÿ ĵŲh bh Ĺp ŶŎh ťůɁ ŋi ųğ šh Ȭi źû ɉ űû Ÿʼni ńh = Iźh hŽ
ûi
h i
i ŕj hķ Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ñ ŋh ųğ šh Ȭi `h= BAŊh šh ûů‹
ŴŲh Ůũ ͡ `źŰųh šû Ȭh ĵųh j ķ ü Ǟ
j
h
h
û
k
û
h
h
h
h
q
ğ
h
ğ
h
k i h h h
Š ÿȔi Ōğ ŵ ÿŷi ŵjıŦ ŮɆǚû ł
jĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ ūjĸŰũ ȇ
j j Zj ů ˊbʼnŠ `ǽ
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ɉ c
h û Ȩh ĵųjh k ɉ ĵũjq ʼnk ŕh Ɋi
h û i ȵbh cʼnq Ÿi bh jŷûŽʼnh hŽ ǻ
Š Ǭ
ŴŲh ͢ ǻj
h Ģ h h h ğ k kq i h h h
h h
h û h
iih
Ųb jĬj ˊbʼnŠ `ǽ
يƋŭžjŲbh ŮɆǚ
j b ĀjŷjŰŎKb ĀjŷjļŭjɌˁ
j Ł
h
û
û k xk i h h ğ ğ h
h
h
m
h
h h
h û h h
h
ĺ
ģ Š ɔA;h ūûȎj? ĵhȍŌŵ= ʼnŪůb ͣ ŴɆŋj jŧŠʃŰj ů bʼnŠ Ĭ‹ `jıŦ
l i hŠh h ği hh
h i hû ğ m
iû
hkh
AbʼnŹɢ ĵųȣb= ͤ `źŪ jŏŠʁů‹ ƅj? ĵŹh j ķ ŋi ŧȲhŽ ĵŲh bh ˌĺ
p ŠɰjžȨ
h
û h i ih û h ûh iûk x h ih hğ q û h
ͥ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= Ůķ űˏ ŹŶjŲ ŨɆŋj Ŧ ÿaŊĸȫ AʼnŹȭ
k
x
h
h h
x
ğ
i m
Ŋĸh ȫ űû Źi šh Ųh ĵųjh ɉ \jʼnk ŕh Ɋi jĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ^źŎi Kh űû Ÿ;h ĵŁh ĵųğ ɉbh
i m
ğ h Šh h Šh û l i i h ğ h k x h
űjû ŸjKźŹi ŝ ;h AKh bh jĬ‹ Ķ
ɮjŬ Ķɮŭ
j ů‹ AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲ ŨɆŋj Ŧ
hŠ h i h ğ l i û h h l i h ğ h
h ğhh
h h
ȇ ǻśj ŠɱŒɉ‹ AźŰļȩ ĵŲ Aźšĸȩ‹b ͦ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Źi ȫɂŬ
û
ğ ğ Šh h i Š h û h i h h h
h h
h
h śŠɱh Œɉ‹
ŴȲ
ǻ
j ɧb ŴʅžŰŎ ŋŧȱ ĵŲbh ðŴh Š ʅžû ŰŎi ū
j ŰɊi
j
h k l hh
ûh h hû hh h i m hh h û k
h
ǻ
j Mĵğȍ‹ `źųji Űšh Ȭi Abŋi ŧȱ
j ŭŰųɉ‹ ȇ ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲb ŋŅŏɉ‹
mh ih ğ h h h û
hkhi hh h i hh h i h h h
Š ń ʼng ń= ŴjŲ `ĵ
ƅźŪȬ Ʋ
j ųj ŰšȬ ĵŲb ôDbŋŠɨb DbŋŠɪ Ůjķĵĸjķ
h i h
h ğ h iû h hh x
ûh ğ
`źũŋj k ŧȬi ĵŲh ĵųh Źi Ŷjû Ų `źųi Űšh ļh žh ȯ ð ŋû ŧȲĻ ƆŦ ĹŶh ļjû Ŧ Ŵi Ɨ ĵųh ȫj?
h
h û Ȩh Ājŷķ
h Kk m ĵŘh ķ űŸi ĵŲh bh ĀjŷŁbû Lh bh j;ŋû ųh û ɉ‹ ǻ
ʼng ńh = Ŵjû Ų Ājŷjķ ŴɆ
ô j
j
j j
ğ
û
hû h h û i i h h h h û i Ġ i h h h i ğ h h h h ğ
ʼnŪůb űô ŹšŧŶŽ ƅb űŸǴŽ ĵŲ `źųŰšļɆb jôĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ ƅj?
h h i hh û hh l i h
û h Šh h û h
ő‹ Ŵj ųɉ Aźųj ŰŠ
ōh ȻjȊbh Ũ
ˏ p ʄŇ ŴjŲ j CŋjŇ˖‹ Ǎj ÿȔi ĵŲ ŷŠƊǛ
h
h
l h h h
ğ h
h h l i h h
i
űû Źi ȫɁ źû ɉbh ͧ `źųi Űšû Ȭh Aźŵǽ źû ɉ űô û Źi ŏh ŧŵ= mĀjŷjķ Abû Ǩ
ĵŲ
x h ihh lû hğ h l ih h
h h l i h ğ h ğ
`źųi Űšû Ȭh Aźŵǽ źû ů ôxǞû Ň jĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ĹɅź
Ŀųɉ AźŪȩ‹b AźŶŲA;
h û i l i i h h Šh l i i h h l i h h h ğ h Ġ h Ģ h
ĵŵŋŞŵ‹ Aźɉźũb ĵŶjŠɚ AźɉźŪȩ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ ͨ
Allah behind their backs as if they did not know, 102
and they followed what the devils reada during the
reign of Solomon. But never did Solomon denyb;
rather it was the Satans who denied, teaching people
sorcery and what was sent down in Babylon to the
two angels Harut and Marut. And they do not teach
anybody until they say, “We are but a means of trial,
so do not deny (faith).” Even so, they learn from them
the means to cause separation between a man and
his spouse—but never could they harm anyone
except by Allah’s leave. And they learn what would
harm them and not benefit them. Yet they did know
that whoever purchased itc would have no share in
the Hereafter. So indeed, how miserable is what
they sold themselves for, if they only knew! 103 And
had they attained faith and been mindful (of God),
then surely a requital from Allah would have been
better, if they only knew. 104 O you who have
attained faith, do not say ‘Raʻina,’d but say,
‘Unthurna,’e and listen, for for the deniers is a
painful punishment. 105 Neither the deniers from
among the People of the Scripture nor the
polytheists would love that any good be sent down
upon youf from your pl Lord. Yet Allah specifies for
His mercy whomever He wills, for Allah is the
Possessor of great grace. 106 Never do We abrogateg
any sign h nor cause it to be forgotten i unless We
bring one better than it or similar to it. Have yousg
not come to know that Allah is All-Powerful over
everything? 107 Have yousg not come to know that
to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and
the earth? For apart from Allah youpl have neither
ally nor supporter. 108 Or do youpl want to question
your Messenger as Moses was questioned earlier?
For whoever substitutes denial for faith, then he has
certainly strayed from the right way. 109 Many of the
People of the Scripture would love to turn youpl
back into deniers after you have attained faith, out
of envy in their (inner) selves, after the truth has
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense; using present tense for an old practice emphasizes that it was a
tradition frequently practiced.
b
Blaspheme.
c
Sorcery.
d
This word means ‘Pay heed to us’ but sounds similar to a Hebrew word that means ‘the most evil of us’.
e
Grant us consideration.
Qf
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . be bestowed upon you from on high by your pl Lord.”
Qg
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “Never do we command the abrogation of any . . .”
h
The Arabic word used is ayah. Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the Qur’an, like
‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qi
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . nor postpone it unless We . . .”
a
10
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h f h h
h û h l ih û h
Ġ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
Iźh hŽ ĵŲğ ͩ űx Ȏj = BA
Űj ɉb Aźñ šųŎ‹b
ŊŠ ŴɆ
j
h
h h
û iû hh
û û l ihh
h û
`= ǻj ȡǬ
j Š ɮjŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲ Abŋŧȱ
j ųɉ‹ ƅb Ķ
ûh iğ h û i kğ k û h û k i ûh h
h û ŋh ķ œĠ ļh ƞ
ŴŲh ĀjŷjļƧ
Ĭ‹b űô ȲjɅK ŴjŲ Ǟ
j
p Ň ŴjŲ űȲžŰŠ
û h h h
û hû i iğ h im hh
hû
Ĺg hŽA;h Ŵjû Ų ņŏȿ
ŵ ĵŲø ͪ űž
b ô ;ĵŒȹ
j Şj šů‹ Ůj Řŧů‹ bJ Ĭ‹
û
h
h
h
h
h h i ûh
h ğ `ğ = űû hŰšû ȩh űû h ɉɁ ñm ĵŹh j ŰĿjû Ų bû = m ĵŹh Ŷjû Ųk Ǟû ƚ
Š h h Ĭ‹
D
į
ȇ
p j j ŵ ĵŹ jŏȿŵ b=
h
h
ki
i û i ih hğ ğ û h û h ûh
h h ğ ū
f ʼnhũ ;p ƾ
û h ȁ
D
ŰɊ ÿȔ Ĭ‹ `= űŰšȩ űɉɁ ͫ ŋŽj
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
h hh k h
ğ
i k i h hh j hû h
ͬǞ
j ŵ ƅb Ƞ
ˍ Ɓ‹b
j I ŴjŲ űȲů ĵŲb P˱
p j b ŴjŲ jĬ‹ `b
g ŕ
h
l
h
h
i
h
h
h i i ûh
i
h
h
û
i
i
i
û
h
h
Š
ŴjŲ ƽźɊ ŮjɌŎ ĵųŬ űȲůźŎK AźŰnZŏȶ `= `bʼnɆŋj Ļ _=
m
ğ h
i h
hh
h
i û
h ƃĭû ķ ŋh ŧû Ȳ
;h Aźh Ŏh Ůŗ ʼnû Ūȯ Ŵj Š ʅŽ
ů‹ ^j ʼnğ ĸh ȽhŽ ŴŲh bh ñ Ůĸû Ȱ
j j
i h Ġ h Šh û û h û k x h ğ h
ğ
Ŵü Ųj k űȲŵbIŋi hŽ źû ɉ Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲ ǞjĿŬ Ib ͭ Ůž
j j ȼŏɉ‹
i h
q
i Šh
e ŧğ Ŭi űû Ȳj
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űŹj jŏŧŵ= ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk Aʼnŏh ńh AKĵ
ŶʅŽj? ʼnj šû Ȩh
û ğ h l i h û l iû h Ġ û
h ğ hȼhĻ ĵŲh
iğ ƫ
h űi Źi h ɉ ǻ
h j įhŽ Ʋ
Š ń AźŅŧŔ‹bh AźŧȭĭŦ ð Ũơ‹
Ĭ‹
k i Šh h h ğ ğ m û h
h h ğ l i hh
x ʼnhũ p;ƾ
û h ȁ
CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
AźųžjȰ=b ͮ ŋŽj
j ȇ Ĭ‹ `j? Ājñaŋj Ɋįjķ
h
h
l
i
i
i ʼnk Ūh ȩi ĵŲh bh hCźŠ Ŭh Ōɉ‹
ğ l AźiĻA;h bh
i ʼni Ə Ǟû Ňh Ŵjû Ųk űȲ
Ɓ
Aź
Ɋj
ŧŵ
ab
j
jŏ
ô
j p
hi ûh h l i hh
h i h
ğ h
h ğ `ğ ? jĬ‹
ŮŇʼnŽ Ŵů Aźɉĵũb ͯ xǞŕj hķ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh j ķ Ĭ‹
j ñ ʼnŶjŠ
h h û
h e i h h h ğ hğ û
ûi
h
Š ŋh Š ɻh hŵ bû = AIź
Ůũ ñűû Źi žjĠ ȫĵŲh = ūŰj Ļ ñc
Ÿ `ǽ ŴŲ ƅj? ĹŶƠ‹
h h
i hŠh ûi l i h
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi `? űû Ȳ
Š h hķ Ͱ ǻj
űh ŰŎû = Ŵû Ųh ˏ ǔ
Ŷɪŋķ AźĻĵŸ
j
h
f h h
ûi hih ğ ih û h
h Š ÿiaŋi Łû = ÿm ŷi hŰhŦ Ŵjŏ
x Ƥ
[źû Ň ƅbh ĀjŷjɅk Kh ʼnŶj
źŸb jĬj ÿŷŹŁb
h h
hh
h i ûh i h
ûh i û
ĺ
j ůĵũbh ͱ `źŵŌh Ƙ űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ
j ŏh ɀů IźŹi hȎ‹ ĺ
h Šh h Š h Š h ğ
i ihû
û h Š ŋh Š ɻh ğȍ‹ ĺhůĵhũbh ;ƾ
Š h h Iź
ȇ
ŹȎ‹ ĺ
cŋɻȍ‹
j ŏh ɀů c
j
p û ȇ
h h ğ h h h h h h h û h iûh û ih û h
h h
`źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ^ĵũ ūj ɉŠɶŬ ñĶŠɮjŭů‹ `źŰļȬ űŸb ;p ƾ
û
l i h h
i ûh iğ h û jûh hû
Ŧ űô Źj ɉźũ ŮĿjŲ
Aźŵǽ ĵųžjȯ jĹųh Šɱh Ūj ů‹ _h źû hŽ űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ űi ȲƘ Ĭĭ
h ğ h h h hhğ ğ h ûh û hh
h i hûh
Š Ų şŶŲ ŴųjɊ űi Űŝ= ŴŲb Ͳ `ź
`= jĬ‹ ʼnł
ŧj Űļƞ jŷžjȯ
j ɹ
h ȑ‹ğ
ŴŽj
hğhi
^ǣ
Ȭ
become evident to them. So pardon and overlook
until Allah brings about His command. Indeed,
Allah is All-Powerful over everything. 110 And
establish the prayer and bring a the purifying
charity b, for whatever good you forward for
yourselves, you will find it with Allah. Indeed,
Allah is All-Seeing of what you do. 111 And they
said, “None will enter the Garden (of Paradise) unless
he has been a Jew or a Christian.” These are their
fancies. Saysg, “Produce your proof, if you are
truthful.” 112 Yes indeed, whoever submits his face
(in worship) to Allah while excelling in doing good,
then he has his reward with his Lord, and no fearc
shall be upon them d nor shall they grieve. 113
Nevertheless, the Jews said, “Christians have no
ground whatsoever to stand on,” while the
Christians said, “Jews have no ground whatsoever
to stand on.” Yet they read the Scripture. Similarly,
the ones who do not know said the like of their
saying. Thus Allah judges between them on the Day
of Resurrection regarding whatever they differed
over. 114 And who is more unjust than one who
prevented (praying in) the mosques of Allah so that
His Name be not mentioned in them, and pursued
their ruin? Those—never was it for them to enter
them except in fear. For them is disgrace in the
Earlier (Life), and for them in the Hereafter is a great
punishment. 115 And to Allah belong the East and
the West, so wherever youpl turn, then that is where
Allah’s Countenance is. Indeed, Allah is AllEmbracing, All-Knowing. 116 And theye said, “Allah
has taken (for Himself) offspring.” Highly Exalted is
He. Rather, to Him belongs whatever is in the
heavens and the earth; all are devout towards
Him— 117 the Innovator of the heavens and the
earth, and whenever He decrees a matter, He only
says to it, “Be,” and so it isf. 118 And those who do
not know said, “If only Allah would speak to us, or
a sign would come to us.” Thus said those who were
before them—just what they said. Their hearts are
alike. We have certainly made the signs evident for
people who are certain. 119 We have indeed sent you
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
b
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qe
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “They said . . .”
Qf
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “He only says to it, ‘Be,’ so it is.”
a
11
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h h h
h h i m
h
û ĵŹžj
h ȯ ŋh Ŭh Ŋû iŽ
Š h Ŏh bh ÿŷi ųi Ŏ‹
űû Źi ɉ `ǽ ĵŲh ūjɌʤĢ bl = ô ĵŹh j ķAŋh Ň Ǎj Nj
h x û hûĠ
h h mh ğ mh i i ûh h
Ǎj űû Źi ɉbh d
ŌjŇ ĵžȫȐ‹ Ǎj űû Źi ɉ ôǻ
jŧjɋĵŇ ƅj? ĵŸźŰŇʼnŽ `=
h
h i û hû h i û hû ğ h
x h f h h h
ĵųh Ŷh Ȭû ɂŦ B
ô ŋj Ťųɉ‹b \Ǭ
j ųɉ‹ jĬj b ͳ űžŞj Š BAŊŠ j CŋjŇ˖‹
h hğ l i h
ğ i û h ğhh l Ġhi
h ğ `ğ ? jĬ‹
x ŰŠh şjf ŎŠɩh Ĭ‹
Ŋƛ‹ Aźɉĵũbh ʹ űžj
j ô ŷŁb űĿȯ AźůźĻ
hû h h h ğ
xk i
h iğ
h h û
h ğ
j
ȁ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹ Ǎj ĵŲ ÿȔi Ůhķ ÿð ŷi ŶŠɳĸŎi ñ ˑȐq bh Ĭ‹
ˌ Ɓ‹b D
h h h h
hû h
h i Šh iğ
h h ğ şŽj
i ʼnhķ ͵ `ź
Ģ ũ AJ˯ P˱
j
ˊŋq Ɋû = DŽ
ļj Ŷɥ ÿȔ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˌ Ɓ‹b D
h h ğ h hh
h i i ğ h
h h
i i h i
`źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ^ĵũb Ͷ `źŭžh ȯ Ŵȱ ÿȔi ^źŪȬh ĵųh ȫjıŦ
ğ h h h h h x h h m h ûh ûh iğ h i k h i hûh
h
ŴjŲ ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵũ ūj ɉŠɶŬ ñ ĹŽA; ĵŶɀj ĻįĻ b= Ĭ‹ ĵŶųj ŰȲŽ ƅźɉ
h
h
ğ ğ û h i iŰiũ ĺ
û Źh ĸh ɺ
Š h h ȶ òűû Źj j ɉźû hũ Ůh Ŀjû Ųk űŹj j Űĸû Ȱh
ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ ĵŶɀhķ ʼnũ ñűû Źi Ʌź
i i h q h h q h k hû
h
h û h mğ
Ŋŵb ˊǞ jŒȵ Ũj ơĭjķ ūŠɰh ŰŎh Kû = ĵȫj? ͷ `źŶji ũźiŽ
ŮnZh ŏû ȶ ƅbh ðˊŋŽj
h i û h h Š h ûh hh
h û h û h
h û ĶŠɳ
ŋĻ Ŵůb ͸ űž
ƅbh IźŹi hȎ‹ ūŶŠ ǂ
j Ņ
j Ơ‹
j Ŕ = Ŵȭ
ğ
ğh Šğ h Š hŠ h ğ
ğ
i ğ ûi
Š ʼnh Źi û ɉ‹ źh Ÿi jĬ‹
ń cŋɻȍ‹
cʼnh Ÿ `j? Ůũ ñűû Źi ļh ŰjɊ şh j ĸȽĻ Ʋ
ñc
h
ğ
û
û
h
m
i m û h ûhğ
ĵŲh űj Űjšů‹ Ŵjh Ų ]h ;h ĵŁh djȑ‹ ʼnh šû Ȩh űŸ;h Aźh Ÿ= ĺ
šĸȩ‹ Ŵj j Ɍůbh
ğ
h
h hh k h
ğ h h h
űi Źi Šɰh žû ȩA;h Ŵh Žjȑ‹ ͹ Ǟ
ŕ
j
p j b ŴjŲ jĬ‹ ŴjŲ ūɉ
g ŵ ƅb Ƞ
h
h
h i h Šh û
û h h i
ŴŲh bh Ājñŷjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ūjɌʤĢ bl = mĀjŷjĻbh Ɔj Ļ Ũğ ńh ÿŷi ŵźŰļû Ȭh Ķ
ɮjŭů‹
i
h
iû
h i Šh û i i h Ģhl h
m j ĸh Š ɔh ͺ `b
ŮŽj;Ģ ʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
Ǫj ɴů‹ űŸ ūjɌʤbįŦ Ājŷjķ ŋû ŧȲhŽ
i û ğ h kh i h h i ûhûh m ğ h hû l ii û
űû Ȳļi ŰŘŦ ƭj Ɂbh űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ĺ
ųšȫɁ Ʋj ů‹ Ʋj ųšj ŵ AbŋŬJ‹
hh
l iğ
ûğ h
ûh
ûh ğ
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ ȇ
ōp ŧȫ ŴŠ ōf ŧȫ dŌj Ə ƅ ĵŲq źû hŽ AźŪȩ‹bh ͻ ǻ
j
i û h q h
h h h x h
i h x h h
űû Ÿ ƅbh Ĺšh Šʁő ĵŹh ši ŧŶĻ ƅbh ^ʼnû Š ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų Ůĸh ŪȬi ƅbh ĵnZžû ő
h i h i
h h
i Ġ h h h û Ģ h ļh Ȩ‹û jJ˯ø ͼ `b
DzŶŽ
ĺ
p Š ʅj ŰȲjķ ÿŷɅK űāZjŸŠɷķj? ǔ
h i h k h h ğ i ğ hhh
ğ ɉū
q Ųh ? Mĵ
ğ Kk Ji ŴjŲbh ^ĵh hũ ðĵŲĵ
j
Ʋ
Ɇ
ŶŰj
ŰjŠĵŁ ƭj j ? ^ĵũ ðŴŹųȩɂŦ
ˌj j
j
h h h
û
ğ
h i
h ųjۊɾů‹
h žû hȊ‹û ĵŶh ûŰšh Łh J˯
ĺ
ͽǻ
djʼnŹû ȭ ^ĵŶh Ȭh ƅ ^ĵũ
j
l i ğ h qûhh
kq h i h h û
hğ
ğ ků Ĺq hķĵĿh Ųh
Š
j
j ŶŰj
ˌǔŕɊ űāZjŸɷķj? _ĵŪŲ ŴjŲ AbŊjƛ‹b ĵŶŲ=b Mĵ
with the truth as a herald of glad tidings and as a
warner, for you will not be askeda about the fellows
of purgatory. 120 And never will the Jews or the
Christians be pleased with yousg until you follow
their creed. Say, “Surely, Allah’s guidance is the
Guidance.” And should yousg follow their whims
after the knowledge that has come to you, you
would have against Allah neither ally nor supporter.
Those to whom We have brought the Scripture
121
read it as it ought to be read; those ones believe in
it. But whoever denies it—then thoseb are the
losers. 122 O Children of Israel, remember My
blessing with which I have blessed you and that I
have favored you over all communities. 123 And bepl
mindful of a dayc when no self avails any other self
in anything, nor is any ransom accepted from it, nor
does any intercession benefit it, nor are they b
supported. 124 And recall when Abrahamd was tried
by his Lord with certain words and he fulfilled
them. He said, “I am appointing you as a leader for
mankind.” He said, “And of my offspring?” He said,
“My covenant does not include the unjustpl.” 125 And
recall when We made the House a resort for
mankind, and a sanctuary. And e take pl from
Abraham’se standing place a place of prayer. And
We covenanted with Abraham and Ishmael,
“Cleanse My House for circumambulators and
consecrators and those bowing down and
prostrating themselves.” 126 And recall when
Abraham said, “Lord! Make this a secure land and
provide its people with products—whoever of them
has attained faith in Allah and the Last Day.” He
said, “And whoever denies—I will give him a little
enjoyment, then compel him to the punishment of
the Fire, and what a miserable destiny!” 127 And
recall Abrahamd raising the foundations of the
House together with Ishmael, “Our Lord, accept (it)
from us; indeed, it is You, You (alone), who are the
All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. 128 Our Lord, and
make us both Muslim f to You, and from our
offspring a Muslim community (submitting) to You.
Nafieʻ and Yaʻqub
read it as: “. . . as a warner, so do not ask about the fellows of purgatory.”
b
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
c
Literally ‘protect yourselves against a day’.
Qd
Though pronounced in Arabic as Ibrahim, Hisham and Ibn Zekwan in one of his narrations read it as: “Abraham”.
Qe
Nafieʻ and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “And they took from Abraham’s . . .”
f
The Arabic word used is Muslimayn, the dual form of Muslimeen which means those who willingly submit to God,
regardless of which prophet they followed.
Qa
12
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h h h û
û Ģ h ? m ĵhŵʼnû ŹŠh bh
h ŧɋmĵśŰj
h j ûɀhķ Aŋh Źj k Śh `= Ůž
ǻ
jj ğ ɉƲ
jšŠʅŎ˯ űh āZjŸŠɷh ķj? Ǔ
j
j
ğ
h
û
h
i Ġ
k h i hû
Ġ h h j Š ɿh ûů‹bh
B
j K űāZjŸŠɷķj? ^ĵũ J˯ ; jIźłŏɉ‹ jşŬŋɉ‹b ǻjŧŭ
h û h û û h q h eh h h Šh û h û
ğ
Ŵû Ųh D
b ĵŶjŲA; AȒķ AŊɪ ŮšŁ‹
j Š ɷh ųh Ȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų ÿŷi ŰŸ= \Li K‹
i
û ğ
h h
h hh
ÿŷi ši j ļk Ųh įŦ ŋh ŧȱ ŴŲh bh ^ĵũ ˏŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh jĬĭjķ űŹi Ŷjû Ų Ŵh ŲAh ;h
q h
i ŕj ųh û ɉ‹ ōh Ȼû Ʌbh Kĵğȍ‹ BAŊh Šh ǓŠ h ? ÿm iaŋĠ śh ŗû h= űğ Ȫi Ɔžj
ͿǞ
Űũ
j
j
j ˌj
û
i
û ĺžû hȊ‹û Ŵjh Ų ʼnjh ŠAźh Ūh ûů‹ űi āZjŸŠɷh ûķ? şi ȯh ŋû hŽ J˯
ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh Ůžšj Š ʅh Ŏ˯
j
j
h ğ mğ ûğhh
û bh ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ΀ űžj
hĵŶŰû šh Ł‹
ğ ĺŵ
h h= ū
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
ŵj? ð ĵŶjŲ ŮĸŪȩ
h
q i m
i
h
h h ûh û i
h ğ q
ĵŵjK=bh ūů Ĺųjh Űŏû ŲĠ ĹŲğ = ĵŶh j ȽɆğ jKk J ŴjŲbh ūɉ ǻ
j ųj ŰŏɊ
h
h
m
h ğ hû h û ih hh hh
h =ū
i źğ ȋ‹
ğ ĺŵ
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ BA
ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ΁ űžj
ŵj? ð ĵŶžŰŠ ĶĻb ĵŶŭjŎĵŶŲ
q
l
k
h
i
û
h h
h
űi Źi ųji Űšh Ɇi bh ūjļŠɔA;h űû Źj žû ŰŠ AźŰļû Ȭh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ƅźŎi Kh űû Źj žjȯ Ľšh Ȩ‹û bh
h ğ û k h i h h h û û h h Šh û
h h= ū
i ŭơ‹
i Ōšh ûů‹ ĺŵ
h û ŌɆ
űžj
ŵj? ðűŹj žj ȡŌɆb Ĺųŭj ơ‹b Ķɮjŭů‹
j
ğ
ğ
ûh
h i h ûh hh
ÿô ŷi ŏh ŧȫ ŷh jŧŎh ŴŲh ƅj? űh āZjŸŠɷh ûķj? jĹŰjŲk ŴŠ Ķ
ţŋŽ ŴŲb ΂
h
ûĠ
ğ
h û
hh
ʼnj Ūůbh
Ŵh ųj ɉ j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎj ÿŷi ŵ˯ ðĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj ŷi Šɰh žû ŧśh Ŕ‹
ğ
h Ņjۊɻů‹
k ŋjh ɉ ĺ
i ųû hŰŎû h= ^ĵh hũ ðűjû ŰŎû h= ÿm ŷi ɅĠ Kh ÿȔi h ^ĵh hũ Jû ? ΃ ǻ
B
j
j
j
ğ ğ hŠh i i û h h
h h hû
h i hû m h Š ğ h h
`j? ƴ
j ĸɔ BźŪšɆb jŷžjȿķ űāZjŸŠɷķj? ĵŹjķ ǁbb ΄ ǻųj ۊɿů‹
h
i ih hh h k i i h Šh h û hğ
i h=bh ƅğ ? Ŵğ ȩź
`źųji Űŏû ŲĠ űļŵ
ųȩ ƆŦ ŴŽjȐ‹ űȲů ǏśŔ‹ Ĭ‹
j
û h iûh h h h û hmh h i ûi i ûh
h h û
^ĵũ Jj? Di źû ųh ɉ‹ Bź
ŪšȬ Ǵń Jj? ;AʼnŹő űļŶŬ _= ΅
h h h
h l i h
h
h
ŷh Š ɧ˯ ūŹh Š ɧj? ʼni ĸi šû ȫ Aźɉĵũ ˌdʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj `bʼni ĸi šû ȩ ĵŲh jŷžjȿh jȊ
h
h Šh û h Šh û h m h h
ûh q
h Ŏ˯
û Ůž
Ŵi Ɨbh AʼnjńŠ ɩh ĵŹq Š ɧj? Ũh Šɳ
jšʅŎ˯ űāZjŸɷķj? ūjɋĵķA;
i
h
h
û
û ĸh ŏh Ŭh ĵŲh ĵŹh h ɉ ĺ
û h h ûh x ğ h û
ĺ
ð ŰŇ ʼnũ ĹŲ= ūŰj Ļ Ά `źųji ŰŏɊi ÿȔi
l i h h h i i h
h
h i
i h
· `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵųğ ȭ `źŰnZh ŏû ȶ ƅbh ðűû ļi ûȼŏh Ŭ ĵŲğ űȲůbh
hğ û ûi l
h Š hŠ h h ûh e i l i i l i hh
űh āZjŸŠɷh ûķj? ĹŰjɊ Ůhķ Ůũ Abñ ʼni ļh Źû ȩ c
ŋɻŵ b= AIźŸ AźŵźŬ Aźɉĵũb
l i i
mhh ğ
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų `h ǽh ĵŲh bh ðĵŧžjq Ŷńh
ĵŲb jĬĭjķ ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h Aźm ɉźũ Έ ǻj
j
And show us our rites, and grant us repentance and
accept it from us; indeed, it is You, You (alone) who
are the Superb Granter and Accepter of repentance,
the Bestower of mercy. 129 Our Lord, and send forth
among them a messenger from themselves to read
to them Your signsa and teach them the Scripture
and the wisdom and purify them. Indeed, it is you,
You (alone), who are the Almighty, the All-Wise.” 130
And who would forsake the creed of Abrahamb
except he who fools himself? And We have indeed
chosen him in the Earlier (Life), and in the Hereafter
he is most surely one of the righteous. 131 Recall
when his Lord said to him, “Submit!” He said, “I
have submitted to the Lord of all realms.” 132 And
with this Abraham b frequently enjoined c his
children, and (so did) Jacob, “O my children, Allah
has indeed chosen the religion for you, so do not die
except as Muslimsd.” 133 Or were you witnesses
when death approached Jacob, and he said to his
children, “What will you worship after me?” They
said, “We will worship your God and the God of
your fathers, Abrahamb, Ishmael and Isaac: One
God, and to Him we are Muslimsd.” 134 That is a
nation that has passed. For them is what they have
earned, and for you is what youpl have earned, and
you will not be questioned about what they used to
do. 135 And they said, “Be Jews or Christians and
you will be guided.” Saysg, “Rather, the creed of
Abraham who turned away from all that is false, for
never was he of the polytheists.” 136 Saypl, “We have
attained faith in Allah and in what was sent down
to us, and in what was sent down to Abrahamb and
Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Grandsons,
and in what was brought to Moses and Jesus, and
in what was brought to the prophets by their Lord.
We make no distinction between any of them, for
to Him we are Muslims.” 137 So if they believe in
the same as youpl have believed in, then they have
been guided. But if they turn away, then they are in
discord. And Allah will protect you against them,
for He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. 138 (It is)
Allah’s hue. And who gives a better hue than Allah?
“And of Him we are worshipers.” 139 Saysg, “Do you
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qb
Though pronounced in Arabic as Ibrahim, Hisham and Ibn Zekwan in one of his narrations read it as: “Abraham”.
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “And with this Abraham enjoined . . .”
d
The Arabic word used is Muslimoon which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
a
13
PART 1. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h Šh û
h Ŏ˯
û Ģ h ? ^h Ōŵi= m ĵŲh bh ĵŶh ûȎh ? ^h Ōŵi=
û Ůž
Ũh Šɳ
jšʅŎ˯ űh āZjŸŠɷh ķj? Ǔ
j j
j j
h
i mhh
i mhh h h h i
û
h Ūi šû Ɇh bh
h = ĵŲb Qĵ
h = ĵŲb ƿɀj
Š Ɋ Șb
Š Šb ƽź
j ĸh Ŏû Ɓ‹bh Bź
Șb
j
j
h hûh i hi h û kğ
h ûh
h
Ȩ \ŋj k ŧȫ ƅ űŹj j ɅK ŴjŲ `źžĠ j ȼğȍ‹
ÿȔi Ŵi Ɨbh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ʼnp ńh = ǻ
hh
h i û i
i ŲAh ;h m ĵŲh ŮĿû ųķ l AźŶi ŲAh ;h `û ıhŦ Ή `ź
ųj ŰŏɊ
ʼnj Ūȯ Ājŷjķ űļŶ
j
j jj
û
i ğ i h û h h h Ūjh ő Ǎ űû Ÿi ĵųh ȫğ ıhŦ l Aźû ůğ źh hĻ `˰ l Abð ʼnh ļh Ÿ‹
Ĭ‹
ô űi Źŭžŧj ŭžŏŦ ˌ\ĵ
j
j
p
h
ğ
ğ hh
ğ źh Ÿi bh
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ŵi ŏh ńû = Ŵû Ųh bh jĬ‹ ĹŤĸû Ŕ
j Ί űžj
h Ġ mhi h ûi
h
h h ûh qh
ğ
h
hźŸi bh jĬ‹
Ǎj ĵŶȫźŁĵƕɁ Ůũ ΋ `bʼni j ĸŠɢ ÿȔi Ŵi Ɨbh ð ĹŤĸû Ŕ
j
hi i û h h û i i h û h û i h h h i h û h m h h h û i Ġ h h h Ġ h
ÿȔ ŴƗb űȲۊʅŠ= űȲůb ĵŶۊʅŠ= ĵȍb űȲɅKb ĵŶɅK
h Šh û h Šh û ğ h i i h û h
ûi
h
h Ŏ˯
û Ůž
Ũh Šɳ
jšʅŎ˯ űāZjŸɷķj? `j? `źɉźŪȩ _= Ό `źŕji Űƥ
h h ûh e i l i h h h ûhû h h iûhh
i h=;h Ůû iũ c
űû ļŵ
ñ Š ŋh Š ɻŵ b= AIźŸ Aźŵǽ QĵĸŎƁ‹b BźŪšɆb
h Š eCʼnh Š ʇh őh űh ļh Ŭh Ŵųjğ Ɋ űi hŰŝû h= Ŵû Ųh bh Ĭ‹
iğ h h û h
Ŵjh Ų ÿiaʼnŶj
ñ _j = űi ŰŠ=
h i ûh h
h iğ hh ğ
û h h ûh x ği h û
ĵŲb ñjĬ‹
ðĺŰŇ ʼnũ ĹŲ= ūŰj Ļ ΍ `źŰųh šȩ ĵųğ ȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ Ĭ‹
h
h
h
h
h h i i
i h û h h
ĸŏŬ ĵŲh ĵŹh ɉ
ĵųğ ȭ `źŰnZh ŏû ȶ ƅbh ðűû ļi ûȼŏh Ŭ ĵŲğ űȲůbh ĺ
l i h
i ih h
h i
Ġ ^ź
ğ Ŵjh Ų ;i m ĵŹh ŧh ŏɉ‹
j ȍ‹
ĵŲh Mĵ
ŪžŎø Ύ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ
i û hû ğk i h ûh h l i h ğ i h û
h û iŠ ğ h
\Ǭ
j ųɉ‹ jĬj Ůũ ô ĵŹžŰŠ Aźŵǽ Ʋj ů‹ űŹj j ļŰĸj ũ ŴŠ űŹƋůb
h û Ġ
h j ǓŠ h ? ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh djʼnŹû Ȭh Bi ŋŤû ųh û ɉ‹bh
Ώ ˈž
j
ô j
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
hh hm h h i l i i hk q h h q ği û i hû h h h h h h
ȇ ;AʼnŹő Aźŵźŭȋj ĵśŎb ĹŲ= űȲŠɰŰšŁ ūj ɉŠɶȡb
û
q h i hh i ğ h i hh
j ğȍ‹
`źȲɆb Mĵ
ĵŶh Űšh Łh ĵŲh bh ñ ˑʼnžŹj ő űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ^źŎi ŋɉ‹
ğ hh û
h ğ i ğh h hh ûh ğ m hûh h h i
^źŎi ŋɉ‹
şjĸȽŽ ŴŲ űŰš jȍ ƅj? ĵŹžŰŠ ĺŶŬ Ʋj ů‹ ĹŰĸû jŪů‹
hh ğ eh h h û h h
h h ğ
û h h Š h h Ķji ŰŪŶ
ȇ ƅj? CǞ
Ž ŴųjɊ
j ĸŭů ĺŵǽ `˯ jŷˏ žĸjŪŠ ȇ
i h h h i iğ h h hh iğ
h h h ȑ‹ğ
h ğ `ğ ? űû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
j Ȏj Ĭ‹ `ǽ ĵŲb ñĬ‹ cʼnŸ ŴŽj
j ô ŶŠʅŽj? şžŘ
x i hh
h
h ŰĠ Ūh ȩh c
x ńKğ [b
Š ŋh hŵ ʼnû hũ ΐ űžj
j ğȍĭjķ
;ŋɉ Mĵ
Ǎj ūŹj Łû bh Ķ
k h
h h
h h qh
h k hh m ğ
ŋh śû ő ūŹh Łû bh ^j źh Ŧ ô ĵŹh Š Ƌŗŋû Ļ ĹŰĸjû ũ ūŶğ hȎj źh Ŷi ŰŦ ˌj;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
debate with us about Allah, when He is our Lord
and your Lord, and when for us are our deeds and
for you are your deeds, and to Him we are sincere?”
Or do youa saypl that Abrahamb and Ishmael and
140
Isaac and Jacob and the Grandsonsc were Jews or
Christians? Saysg, “Do you know better or Allah?”
And who is more unjust than one who conceals a
testimony he has from Allah? For Allah is not
oblivious of what youpl do. 141 That is a community
that has passed away. For them is what they have
earned and for youpl is what you have earned, for
you will not be questioned about what they used to
do. 142 The fools among mankind will say, “What
has turned them away from the direction of prayer
that they used to follow?” Saysg, “To Allah belong
the East and the West. He guides whom He wills to
a straight path.” 143 And thus have We made you a
middle community, that you may be witnesses over
humanity and that the Messenger may be a witness
over you. Thus We only assigned the direction of
prayer, which you formerly followed, that We may
distinguish the one who follows the Messenger
from the one who turns on his heels. And it was
indeed difficult, except for those whom Allah has
guided. But never would Allah let your faithd go to
waste; indeed, towards mankind, Allah has always
been truly Compassionate, Bestowing of mercy. 144
We have surely seen the turning about of yoursg face
towards the heaven. So We will turn you towards a
direction that pleases you. So turn your face
towards the Inviolable Mosque. And wherever youpl
may be, turn your facese towards it. Indeed, those
who were brought the Scripture know that it is the
truth from their Lord. And Allah is not oblivious of
what theyf do. 145 And indeed, even if yousg were to
come with every sign to those whom the Scripture
was brought to, they would not follow your direction
of prayer, nor are you to follow their direction of
prayer, nor do they follow the direction of prayer of
one another. For if you were to follow their whims
after the knowledge that has come to you, you
would most surely be, in that case, one of the unjust.
Those whom We have brought the Scripture
146
Nafieʻ, Abu Jaʻfar, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Shuʻba and Rouh read it as: “Or do they say . . .”
Though pronounced in Arabic as Ibrahim, Hisham and Ibn Zekwan in one of his narrations read it as: “Abraham”.
c
The sons of Jacob.
d
It means ‘your prayers performed towards the former direction’.
e
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qf
Ibn ʻAmer, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Abu Jaʻfar and Rouh read it as: “. . . of what youpl do.”
Qa
Qb
14
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
l Ġ h i i h i û h h h hû
i h
û hû
űû ȲŸźŁi bi Aźůźh Ŧ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵŲ Ľžńb ˏ_Aj ŋơ‹ ʼnj ł
j ŏųɉ‹
h h ihû h h h û l i i
ğ
h
h ȑ‹ğ `˯
h û ŷi ğŵɁ `ź
ŴjŲ ŨĠ ơ‹
ųŰšhȎ ĶŠɮjŭů‹ AźĻb= ŴŽj
ÿñ iaŋh śû ő
h ihûh ğ h
h iğ hh û kğ
h žû ȩh Ɂh Ŵû Ɍhůbh Α `ź
h ȑ‹ğ ĺ
ŴŽj
ŰųšȬ ĵųȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ Ĭ‹
ĵŲb ñűŹj j ɅK
j
h
h hhû l i h ğ h h k i
h = m ĵŲh bh ū
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ l AźiĻbi=
ĺŵ
ļ
Ű
ĸj
ũ
Aź
š
ĸ
Ļ
ĵ
Ų
Ĺ
ŽA
;
Ů
Ȳ
ķ
Ķ
p
ô
j
j j
hh
h
h
ûh
h
h
û
i i û h hh û ihhû
Ŵj j Ɍůb Ŗ
ˏ p šȨ ĹŰĸj ũ şp j ķĵļjķ űŹŘšȨ ĵŲb űô ŹļŰĸj ũ şp j ķĵļjķ
m
q h ğ û û
i m ûh h ûhğ
AJj? ūŵj? űj Űšj ů‹ Ŵjh Ų ]h ;h ĵŁh ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űŸ;h Aźh Ÿ= ĺ
šĸȩ‹
ğ h ğ
h i
h ųjۊɾů‹
h Š ɮjh ŭûů‹ űi Źi Šɰh žû ȩAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ Β ǻ
ÿŷi ŵźŦjŋšû Ȭh Ķ
Ŵųj ɉ
j
h
û
h
h
û
m
h
ğ
h i
h ii h û iûk q
i
h `ź
Ũğ ơ‹
ųļŭȎ űŹŶjŲ ĵŪɆŋj Ŧ `˯ ðűû Ÿ;h ĵŶh Ȩû Ɂ `źŦŋj šû Ȭh ĵųh Ŭ
h i h hh h
h ihûh û ih
h û Γ `ź
Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫźȲĻ ƆŦ ūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ŨĠ ơ‹
ųŰšȬ űŸb
û
k
l
k
i h
i h û h h i i fh û
hûh
h Ǜh ųû ųi û ɉ‹
ů
b
Δ
D
ŴɆ
ˏ j Š ɷžƢ‹ AźŪjĸȽŎĭŦ ðĵŹȎj źh Ɋ źh Ÿ ĹŹŁjb Ȃj
j
ûp h l i i h h û h
k i Šh h h ğ ğ e h i ğ i i
ȁ
j įŽ AźŵźȲĻ ĵŲ Ŵh ȬɁ
j ȇ Ĭ‹ `j? ô ĵšžjƦ Ĭ‹ űȲjķ D
k h h û h h i ûh û h
h h
x ʼnhũ p;ƾ
û h
ŋh śû ő ūŹh Łû bh ^j źh Ŧ ĺ
ŁŋŇ Ľžń ŴjŲb Ε ŋŽj
û
h iğ hh h kğ
h Űû h ɉ ÿŷi ğŵ˯ _Aj ŋh ơ‹
û hû
Ůg jŧŠʀjķ Ĭ‹
ĵŲb ñ ūjɅK ŴjŲ ŨĠ Ņ
ˌ h ʼnj ł
j ŏųɉ‹
k h h û h h i ûh û h
h h
h i h h
ŋh śû ő ūŹh Łû bh ^j źh Ŧ ĺ
ŁŋŇ Ľžń ŴjŲb Ζ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųğ ȭ
l Ġ h i i h i û h h h hû
i h
û hû
űû ȲŸźŁi bi Aźůźh Ŧ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵŲ Ľžńb ˏ_Aj ŋơ‹ ʼnj ł
j ŏųɉ‹
i ûh h j ğ h i h ğh ih û h
h ȑ‹ğ ƅğ ? Ĺf łğ ńi űû Ȳ
ŴŽj
žŰŠ MĵŶŰj ɉ `źȲŽ Ɔ jȏ ÿaŋśő
j
i
l h h
h û
i h ûh hh
Ʋj ųh šjû ŵ űjğ ĻƁj bh Țj źû ŒŇ‹bh űû Ÿźû Œƛ ƆŦ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų Aźųi Űŝ
û h m h
h
h i ğ h
i
i hh
űû Ȳžjȯ ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ĵųh Ŭ Η `bʼni ļh Źû ȩ űû ȲŰšh ůbh űû Ȳžû ŰŠ
q
h
i k
i h h l i
i
űû Ȳžj ȡŌh Ɇi bh ĵŶh j ļŠɔA;h űû Ȳžû ŰŠ AźŰļû Ȭh űû ȲŶjŲk ƅźŎi Kh
h
h û û
i k
i ikhih
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ űi Ȳ
űû ɉ ĵŲğ űȲųji Űšh Ɇi bh Ĺųh ŭj ơ‹bh Ķ
ųj ŰšɆb
h
l i û
h ihûh l i i h
i i û m ii û h
Ǔj Abŋi ŭő‹bh űû ȱŋû ŬJ= Țb
j ŋŬJĭŦ Θ `źųŰšȩ AźŵźȲĻ
ğ hĠh h
û ŕɉĭ
ğ ķ l AźŶž
i šļh Ŏ‹
û l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h
iiû h hh
Ģ Ι `b
ǚ
ȑ‹
ĵŹȬɂʑ
j
j ŋŧȲĻ ƅb
j
j
l i ih h
i û
ğ h h hğ ğ Šh ğ h
h ǚŠɻů‹
Ůļh ŪȬi Ŵųjh ɉ AźɉźŪȩ ƅbh Κ ŴɆ
şŲ Ĭ‹ `j? ˏj CźŰŕɉ‹b
jj
recognize him a as they recognize their own
children. But indeed a group of them do conceal the
truth while they know. 147 The truth is from yoursg
Lord, so never be of the skeptics. 148 Thus for each
is a direction towards which he turnsb, so racepl
towards good works. Wherever you may be, Allah
will bring you all together. Allah is indeed Powerful
over everything. 149 And from wherever yousg set
out, turn your face towards the Inviolable Mosque,
for this is indeed the truth from your Lord. And
Allah is not oblivious of what youc dopl. 150 And
from wherever yousg set out, turn your face towards
the Inviolable Mosque. And wherever youpl may be,
turn your faces towards it so that people may not
have any argument against you—except those of
them who have been unjust. So do not fear them,
but fear Me—and so that I may perfect My blessing
upon youpl, and that you may be guided. 151 Just as
We sent among you a messenger from yourselves,
reading Our signsd to you, and purifying you, and
teaching you the Scripture and wisdom, and
teaching you what you did not know. 152 So
remember Me (and) I will remember youpl. And
thank Me, and do not deny Me. 153 O you who have
attained faith, seek help through patience and
prayers. Indeed, Allah is with the patient ones. 154
And do not saypl of anyone who is killed in the way
of Allah, “(They are) deade.” Rather, (they are) alive, but
you are unaware. 155 And We will certainly test youpl
with some fear and hunger and shortage of wealths
and lives and products. Thus givesg glad tidings to
the patient ones: 156 those who, when a calamity
afflicts them, say, “To Allah we belong, and indeed
to Him we are returning.” 157 Upon those are
pardons and mercy from their Lord, and those are
the rightly guided. 158 Indeed, Al-Safa and AlMarwa are among the rites of Allah, so whoever
performs Pilgrimagef to the House or performs
Minor Pilgrimageg, then no sin is committed by him
if he circumambulates them. And whoever
volunteers a good act—then Allah is indeed
Thankful, All-Knowing. 159 Indeed, those who
A grammatical shift from 2 person to 3 person.
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . towards which he is turned.”
Qc
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . of what they do.”
d
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
e
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
f
Hajj.
g
Umrah.
a
nd
rd
Qb
15
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
conceal what We have sent down of evident proofs
and guidance after We had made it evident for
mankind in the Scripture—those—Allah curses
them and the cursers curse them, 160 except those
who have repented and reformed and made (the truth)
evident. For those—I grant them repentance and
accept it from them, for I am the Superb Granter
and Accepter of repentance, the Bestower of mercy.
Indeed, those who have denied and have died as
161
deniers—those—upon them is the curse of Allah
and of the angels and of all mankind, 162 abiding
therein; never is the punishment lightened for
them, nor are they given respite. 163 For your pl God
is One God. There is no God but He, the AllMerciful, the Bestower of mercy. 164 Indeed, in the
creation of the heavens and the earth, and the
alternation of the night and the day, and the ships
that sail the sea with what benefits mankind, and
the water that Allah sent down from the sky— with
which He revived the earth after it had died and
scattered in it all kinds of treading creatures, and
the shifting of the windsa, and the clouds disposed
between the sky and the earth are surely signs for
people who reason. 165 Yet of mankind is one who
takes (others) apart from Allah as rivals to Him.
Theyb love them with a love like that due to Allah,
yet those who have attained faith are stronger in
love for Allah. And if only those who have done
injustice could seec, when they seed the punishment,
thate all power belongs to Allah and that Allah is
severe in punishment. 166 Recall when those who
were followed disownedf those who had followed
(them), and they saw the punishment and ties between
them were severed. 167 And those who followed
said, “If only we could have another chance so we
could disown them as they disowned us.” Thus
Allah showsg them their deeds as regrets to them,
and never will they come out of the Fire. 168 O
mankind, eat of what is lawful and good on earth,
and do not follow the footsteps of Satan; indeed, he
is to you an evident enemy. 169 He only commands
û h j iû h
h û Ŵjh Ųk ;
Ŵjh Ųk œp Ūȫbh Sź
Ơ‹b [j źû Ƣ‹
p
k h h Šh h ğ h
i h û h Šh ûh û
ğ
h ȑ‹ğ Μ ŴɆ
h ǚŠɻů‹
ŴŽj
Ǭ
ȵ
b
D
ɷ
ų
Ȍ‹
b
ō
ŧŵ
Ɓ‹b ^j ʆŲƁ‹
j
j
j
ˍ
jj
j
h mğ
h
ğ ğ l i h x h Ġ i ûhŠ h h mh
Šj ɚh jŷûȎj? ĵȫ˯
Ν `źši Ł
ŕj Ų űŹļĸɞ= AJj?
jĬj ĵŵj? Aźm ɉĵũ Ĺĸž
i
x h û h h û k ğ k x Šh h h û ûh h h Ģh l i
i h h
űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh ð ĹƧ
Kb űŹj j ɅK ŴjŲ DʆŰŔ űŹj žŰŠ ūjɌʤb=
û
m h
h ğ
h
h û h ğ ğ
Ŵû ųh ȯ ðjĬ‹ ŋj j ɋĵšh ő ŴjŲ Cbh ŋû ųh ɉ‹bh ĵŧŕɉ‹
`j?ø Ξ `bʼni ļh Źû ųi ɉ‹
û h h ûhû ğ h
h Ŷh Łi Ɔh hŦ ŋh ųh ļh ȭ‹
hô ĵųŹķ [h źğ śğ Ȭh `h= jŷžû hŰŠh Gĵ
jj
jb= ĺžȊ‹ ŀń
ğ
h
h ğ hh hh
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıŦ ˊǞ
q û Ňh S
h ȑ‹ `ğ ? Ο űžj
f ŰŠh ŋjf Ŭĵőh Ĭ
ŴŽj
źśȩ ŴŲb
j
j
h
û
û
û
m
h iiû h
h h Ŵjh Ų ĵhȍŌŵ
h = ĵŲh `ź
Š ʼnh Źi ɉ‹bh ĺ
ų ļȲ Ž
ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj c
j Šɰjžk Ȋ‹
i
û
û
û
h
h Ģ l
h
ğ
i ğ űi Źi Ŷi šh ŰhŽ ū
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ŷi Šɰžğ Ȩh
űi Źi Ŷi šh ŰɆh bh Ĭ‹
j Ɍʤb= Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ Ǎj Mĵ
l i h û hh l i h h ğ ğ
ğ
h
h h ih l
ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ AźŶi ɀğ Ʌh bh AźŅ
ŰŔ=b AźķĵĻ ŴŽjȑ‹ ƅj? Π `źŶi jšŠʄů‹
l ihh h ğ ğ
i źğ ȋ‹
i iĻɁh
ğ ĵhŵɁh bh űû Źžû hŰŠh Bź
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ BA
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? Ρ űžj
j
h Ģh hû h ğ ihû h û ûh h h hli f ğ i û i h l i h h
jĹŭjɌˁ
ųɉ‹b jĬ‹ ĹŶšů űŹj žŰŠ ūjɌʤĢ b= KĵŧŬ űŸb AźĻĵŲb
i ğhi h h
h
h û h j ğȍ‹bh
h šƦ
h Ȓj Š ɗh ΢ ǻ
űi Źi Ŷû ȭ ťŧƞ ƅ ĵŹžj
ȯ ŴŽj
j = Mĵ
h mğ x
h i h
h h
i h i h hû
ŷh Š ɧj? ƅ ðʼnjńŠɩh xŷŠɧj? űû ȲŹi Š ɧ˯ Σ `bŋi ŞŶiŽ űû Ÿ ƅbh BA
Ŋšů‹
h h ğ ŨûŰŇh Ǎ `ğ ? Τ űžj
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ Ŵi Š ʅh ńû ŋɉ‹
ğ źh Ÿi ƅğ ?
D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j
j
j
h
û
ğ
û iû
h û
ûh ğ
j Ɓ‹bh
Ǎj dŋj Ə Ʋj ů‹ ū
j Űŧů‹bh jKĵŹh ğȍ‹bh Ůj ûȎ‹ ťj Š ʄjļҋbh P˱
m ğ h iğ hh h m h h h ğ i h h h û hû
ŴjŲ ;j ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵŲb Mĵȍ‹ şŧŶŽ ĵųjķ ŋj ŅȊ‹
ğ hh h ûh h ûh h hû
h ki
h ȯĽ
h ńû hįhŦ p;mĵŲğ
Ĺp ğķ<I ȁ
Ŵj
Ų
ĵ
Źžj
Ʌ
b
ĵ
Źj
Ļ
ź
Ɋ
ʼn
š
Ȩ
P˱
Ɓ‹
j
ŷ
ķ
ĵ
ž
j
j
û
mh ğ
ğ
û hh
h û Ȩh ŋňŏh ųi ɉ‹ BĵŅh ŏɉ‹
ğ bh jъɔh ŋɉ‹
k
;j ĵųŏɉ‹ ǻ
j Dz
j
j Ļb
j
j ťɆ
hû h
i ğh h
h i û h û h k Šh
h
ğ
h
j
j
Ŋň
ļ
Ȭ
Ŵ
Ų
M
ĵ
ȍ‹
Ŵj
Ų
b
Υ
`ź
Ű
Ū
š
Ȭ
ˉ
ź
Ūj
ů
ĺ
ɔ˗
P˱
Ɓ‹b
j
j p
p
h
lm i h h h ğ h ğ k i h û i h Ġ i q h ğ
i
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹b ðjĬ‹ Ķ
j I ŴjŲ
j ŅŬ űŹȫźĸjƘ AIAʼnŵ= jĬ‹ `b
ğ h h h h û h û h h û l m i h h h ğ h h û h h ğ k kq i Ġ h h
`= BAŊšů‹ `bŋŽ Jj? AźųŰŝ ŴŽjȑ‹ cŋŽ źɉb ñjĬj ĵĸń ʼnő=
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “wind”.
A grammaticalshift from singular to plural.
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “And if only yousg could see those who have done injustice . . .”
Qd
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . when they are made to see the punishment . . .”
Qe
Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . could see, when they see the punishment: indeed all power belongs to Allah and
indeed Allah is . . .”
f
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
g
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
Qa
b
16
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
hğhh û
h hû i h hğ ğ hh q h ğ hğ iû
=ǚȩ Jj? Φ BA
Ŋ
j šů‹ ʼnŽjʼnő Ĭ‹ `=b ĵšžjƦ jĬj CźŪů‹
û šh śğ Ūh ȩh bh BA
h Ŋh šh ûů‹ l Abi h=Kh bh l Aźši ĸh ȩ‹ğ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵjh Ų l Aźši ĸĠĻ‹ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ
ĺ
j
hğhhh h q h h ğ h ûh l i hğ
i ĸh Ŏû hƁ‹û űi Źķ
h ȑ‹ğ ^ĵh hũbh Χ Bĵ
=ǚȽŶȯ Cŋğ Ŭ ĵhȍ `= źɉ Aźšĸȩ‹ ŴŽj
jj
h
l
h
h
h
h
h
û iğ i i h Š
ğ h ȩ ĵųh Ŭ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų
űû Źi ۊʅh Š= Ĭ
‹ űŹj Ɇŋj Ž ūj ɉɶŬ ñĵŶjğ Ų Ab;i ǚ
h h
h
i hh û ûh h
h ŁŋŠɴ
h h h
Ģ Ψ jKĵğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų ǻ
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
j j j ķ űŸ ĵŲb ðűŹj žŰŠ Dg Š ɷŏń
hû
l i ğ h h h q k h q Šh h
l ii i ğ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵųjğ Ɋ Aźǿ Mĵ
AźšjĸȽĻ ƅb ĵĸjžŚ Ɔʄń P˱
ȍ‹
ğ
ğ
i h iğ
h i
f ĸŲĠ bx k ʼni Šh űû Ȳ
ĵųh ȫj? Ω ǻ
ů ÿŷŵj? Ŵˏ j Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ D
j Š ʆśi Ň
j
ûh
h h ğ hh l i ih hh m h û hû h m Ġ
i
i
i
ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ ȇ AźɉźŪȩ `=b j;ĵŒŅŧů‹b j;źŏɉĭjķ űȱŋɊįŽ
û l i h iğ hh h m h l i ğ i ih h h
h h h
Ůhķ Aźɉĵũ Ĭ‹
^Ōŵ= ĵŲ AźšjĸĻ‹ űŹɉ ŮžjȰ AJ˯ Ϊ `źųi Űšû ȩ
h i im
hh
hûh m
h h h h mh m
ğh
ƅ űû Ÿ>ĵhķA;h `ǽ źû ɉbh = ô ĵŵ;h ĵhķA;h jŷžû ŰŠ ĵŶh žû ŧůɁ ĵŲh şi j ĸȽŵ
h q h h i
l i h h h ğ ihhh
h
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŮĿŲb Ϋ `bʼni ļh Źû Ȭh ƅbh ĵnZžû ő `źŰjŪšû Ȭh
ü űĠ Ŕi ;q m Aʼnjh ŵbh ;q m ȕh Ii ƅğ ? şi ųh ŏû h ȹ ƅh ĵųh ķ Ũi šŶû Ȭh djȑ‹ğ ŮĿh ųh Ŭh
ô
j
j j
j
h û ih x û i f û i
l ii l ih h h ğ h Ġh h
i
h
û
h
Ģ ά `źŰjŪšȬ ƅ űŹȯ ǖȭ űȲķ
Aźǿ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
i û h û i Šh ûh h h Šh k h
i Ŭi `? jĬğ j l Abŋi ŭ
aĵi ğŽj? űû ļŶ
ő‹b űȲɰũLK ĵŲ ĺ
j ɭjžŚ ŴjŲ
j
h
h
h
i ûh h h ğ h h ğ
ğ bh Ĺh ļh žû ųh û ɉ‹ űi Ȳ
û bh _h Ȑ‹
űh ơ
žŰŠ _ŋń ĵųȫj? έ `bʼni ĸi šû ȩ
û
ğ i mhh
h ğ ûh
û
h û Ȯh ŋğ śi ŗ‹
pTĵhķ Ǟ
Ŵj ųh ȯ ðjĬ‹ Ǟ
Ťj
ů
Āj
ŷ
ķ
Ůj
Ÿ
=
ĵ
Ų
b
ŋɆ
ǣj
Ƣ‹
j
j
j j
ğ
m
h
h
h
û
h
ğ
ğ
i
ğ
h
h ‹ `? jŷžû ŰŠ űh Ȫ? ƆŦ Iȕh ƅh bh
h ȑ‹ `? ή űžj
f ńKğ xKźŧȮ Ĭ
ŴŽj
p
j
j ˏ
j
h
h
h ih û h h Šh û h iğ h h m h h i i û h
ĵŶq ųh Ȫ Ājŷjķ `bǛ
Œȹb Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵŲ `źųļȲŽ
h h ğ ğ û
h i i û
h h i e h
ƅbh Kĵ
ȍ‹ ƅj? űŹj j ŵźśi Ȩi Ǎj `źŰȱįhŽ ĵŲh ūjɌʤĢ bl = Ɔžj Űũ
h f h h û ih h û k i hh h h û h ûh iğ i i k h i
űf Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ űŹɉb űŹj žj ȡŌh Ž ƅb jĹųŠɱjŪů‹ _źŽ Ĭ‹ űi Źųj ŰȲŽ
ğ li hh û h ğ h Ģhli
h Ŋh šh ûů‹bh c
Š ʼnh Źi û ɉĭjķ Ĺh hۊʄh Řɉ‹
BA
AbǛő‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ūjɌʤb= ί
h
hh i hh û h mh h h û hû
h h h ğ ğ h Šh
`įjķ ūj ɉə ΰ jKĵğȍ‹ ȇ űû Ÿǚ
Ŕ= ĵųȯ ˏj Cŋŧj Ťųɉĭjķ
^Ōğ ŵ Ĭ‹
l ihhû h ğ ğ
h
h û
k hû
h h û
Ǐj ů Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ Ǎj AźŧŰļҋ ŴŽjȑ‹ `˯ ˍŨj ơĭjķ ĶŠɮjŭů‹
youpl to evil and obscenity, and to say about Allah
what you do not know. 170 And when it is said to
them, “Follow what Allah has sent down,” they say,
“Rather, we follow what we found our forefathers
following. What if their forefathers used not to
reason anything nor to seek guidance? 171 The
parable of those who have denied is that of onea who
hollers out to things that hear nothing but mere calls
and cries. Deaf, dumb, (and) blind, so they do not
reason. 172 O you who have attained faith, eat of the
good things We have provided you, and give thanks
to Allahb if it is He that you worship. 173 He has only
forbidden youpl carrion and blood and the flesh of
swine and what was dedicated to other than Allah.
But if anyone is compelled without seeking (it) or
exceeding (the limits), he commits no sin. Indeed,
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 174
Indeed, those who conceal what Allah has sent
down of the Scripture and purchase, in exchange
for it, a small price—those devour nothing into
their bellies but fire. And Allah does not speak to
them on the Day of Resurrection, nor does He
purify them, for for them is a painful punishment.
Those are the ones who have purchased utter
175
misguidance in exchange for guidance, and
punishment in exchange for forgiveness. So how
patient are they in the face of the Fire! 176 That is
because Allah has bestowed the Scripture from on
high with the truth. And most surely, those who
differed over the Scripture are in profound discord.
Virtue is not (attained) by turning your pl faces
177
towards the East and the West. Rather, virtue is
(exemplified) in one who has attained faith in Allah
and the Last Day and the angels and the Scripture
and the prophets, and has brought money—despite
his love of it—to relatives and orphans and the
destitutepl and the traveler in need and the askers
and for (the freeing of) slavesc, and has established the
prayer and broughtd the purifying charitye; and (it is
exemplified) in thosef who fulfill their covenant when
they have covenanted, and those who are patient in
(the face of) misery and adversity and at the time of
A shepherd.
b
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
c
Literally ‘necks’.
d
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
e
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
f
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
a
17
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
l Ġ i h ğ û h ûğ
h
i h
h h
Ůĸjh ũ űû ȲŸźŁi bi Aźůźh Ļ `= ǚ
j ů‹ ōɀůø α ʼnp žjšķ \ģ ĵŪjő
û hû h
û hû
ğ h h h û h ğ û ğ Šh h
h û bh jĬĭ
_j źû Ȏ‹
j ɧb B
j ķ ŴŲA; ŴŲ ǚj ů‹ ŴȲ
j ŋj Ťųɉ‹b \j Ǭ
j ųɉ‹
h hh h k ğ h
h û h h Ģh hû h
Š h h ^h ĵųh û ɉ‹ ƫA
ȇ
;b ŴāZjžjȼȍ‹b Ķ
ųɉ‹b ŋjj Ň˖‹
j Š ɮjŭů‹b jĹŭjɌˁ
û
ğ h û h h Š h h û h Š h Šɮh hȎ‹û bh ȗ
Š h ŋû Ūi ů‹ djbJh Ājŷjĸk ńi
Ůž
j j ȼŏɉ‹ ŴȨ‹b ǻjŭɹųɉ‹b ǖ
h
hk
h h ğ
h h ğ h hhh
h h m ğ h
CźŠ ŬŌɉ‹
ƫA;h bh CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
_ĵũ=b Bĵ
j ũŋɉ‹
j ȝj b ǻj Űjɋĵŏɉ‹b
m û û
ğ h lð i hŠh h û û h h i iû h
h ǚŠɻů‹
;j ĵŎh įhȊ‹ Ǎj ŴɆ
b AbʼnŹɢ AJj? űjŸʼnj Źšjķ `źŦźųɉ‹b
jj
i
h Ģh l h lði h h h ğ h Ģh l i ûhû h h j m ğ ğ h
ūjɌʤb=b AźũʼnŔ ŴŽjȑ‹ ūjɌʤb= M
ˍ j įȊ‹ ǻjńb ;AǴɉ‹b
h i û i
i ûh h h i l ih h h ğ h ĠhĢh
iűȲ
žŰŠ ĶjļŬ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ β `źŪļğ ųi ɉ‹ űi Ÿ
iû
û
û
i ŕh Ūûů‹
i û ķ ŋĠ ơ‹
i û ˌ ǔh ļû Ūh ûů‹ Ǎj Oĵ
Š h Ɓ‹bh ʼnj ĸû šh ůĭjķ ʼni ĸû šh ů‹bh ŋj k ơĭ
Ƴŵ
j
j
h
i
û
h
û
h
i k h û
û
h j Ši Ŵû ųh ȯh ˏ Ƴŵ
Š h Ɓĭjķ
jŷžjŇ= Ŵjû Ų ÿȔi Ǐ
[b
j ŋi šųh ɉĭj ķ ü Sĵĸjh ȩĭŦ x;ƾ
h
x h û h h û i k ğ k x û h h Šh Š h û
ûh fmh h
ñ ĹƧ
Kb űȲjɅK ŴjŲ ťžjŧƛ ūj ɉə Ŵ
ˍ p ɹńjıjȨ jŷȎj? ;AI=b
h f h h ihh h h h ûh hhû
i h
Š ʼnļȭ‹ Ŵųh ȯh
Ǎj űû Ȳůbh γ űx Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ ÿŷŰŦ ūj ɉŠə ʼnšȨ c
j
i h x hh
û
h i ğh û i ğ h h Šh ûh û
h
l
Š žń Oĵ
Ģ
j
δ `źŪļȩ űȲŰšů Ķ
ů
Ɓ‹
ɭ
ʑ
C
ź
ŕ
Ū
ů‹
Ƞ
b
į
j
j
j
h
û
i û h i i h h h h h h û i ûh h h i
e û Ňh ]h ŋh hĻ `? D
AǞ
j źųɉ‹ űȱʼnń= Ǵń AJj? űȲžŰŠ ĶjļŬ
hh ĝ h
û h û h û h û h û h h û i ğ źh û ɉ‹
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉ‹ ȇ
ĵŪń [b
ǻ
j
j
ˌ j ŋi šųɉĭjķ ǻjɅŋh ũƁ‹b Ŵj ŽȐj Š ʆŰj ɉ ĹžŔ
ğ
h
h ȑ‹ ȇh ÿŷi ųi Ȫû ? m ĵųh ȫğ ıhŦ ÿŷi šh ųj Ŏh ĵŲh ʼnh šû Ȩh ÿȔi h ʼnğ hķ Ŵü ųh ȯh ε
ŴŽj
j j
h h
h
Ġ
h ğ `ğ ? ÿm ô ŷi hŵźiɉjʼnk ĸh Ȭi
x ŰŠh şž
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ‹
Oź
p Ų ŴjŲ [ĵŇ Ŵû ųh ȯ ζ űžj
j
h
m
h
h
h
h
û
h
h
ğ
i
ğ
h
h `? jŷžû ŰŠ űh Ȫ? ƆŦ űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ Ńh ŰŔû įŦ ĵųq ûľ? bû h= ĵŧe Ŷh Łh
x ŧȮ Ĭ‹
Kź
j ˏ
j
j
h
ğ
l
i
h
h
i
h h
k
i žh ŕɉ‹
i h h ȑ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
x ńKğ
Ģ η űžj
_ĵ
j ļŬ AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
j űi Ȳžû ŰŠ Ķ
hh h i h h
h
h i h i ğ h i
h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
θ `źŪļğ ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů űû Ȳj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
ĶjļŬ ĵųŬ
h
h Šh i û ğ q ğ h
h Šh h û e ğ i
h h
ŋp ŧŎh ȇ
b= ĵŘɆŋj Ų űȲŶjŲ `ǽ Ŵųh ȯ D
ˏ p ɘbʼnšŲ ĵŲĵŽɁ
h
i
i i h ğ hh h h h
x h
i šh Śh xĹhŽʼnjû Ŧ ÿŷi hŵźŪž
_ĵ
śj Ž ŴŽjȑ‹ ȇb ô ŋŇ= ˉg ĵğŽɁ Ŵjû Ųk Cʼnğ šj Ŧ
l i i h hh iğ x û h h i h qû h h ğ h h h h
û
AźɊźŕĻ `=b ÿô Ȕ ǞŇ źŹȯ ˊǞŇ Sźśȩ Ŵųȯ ˌǻj
p ŭŏjɊ
battle. Those are the ones who were truthful, and it
is those who are the mindful (of God). 178 O you who
have attained faith, fair retribution for the
murderedpl has been prescribed upon you: the free
for the free, and the bondman for the bondman, and
the female for the female. Yet whoever is somewhat
pardoned by his brother (in faith), then this shall be
adhered to in accordance with what is fair, and the
payment back to him should be in a good way. That
is lightening from your Lord and mercy. But
whoever transgresses after that—then for him is a
painful punishment. 179 Thus there is life for you in
fair retribution, O people of understanding, that you
may be mindful (of God). 180 It has been prescribed
upon you: when death comes to one of you, if he is
leaving wealth, (to bequeath) a bequest in favor of the
parents and close relatives in accordance with what
is fair—a duty upon the mindfulpl (of God). 181 But
whoever changes ita after he has heard it, then surely
its sin is upon those who change it. Indeed, Allah is
All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 182 Yet whoever fears
unfairness or sin from a bequether, so he reconciles
between them, then he commits no sin. Indeed,
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 183 O
you who have attained faith, fasting has been
prescribed upon you as it was prescribed upon those
before you, that you may become mindful (of God).
(This fasting is for) a limited number of days. But
184
should any one of you be sick or on a journey, then
(he should fast) a period of other days. Yet for those
who can fast with difficultyb, a compensation (is
allowed instead) —food for a destitute personc. But
whoever volunteers a good act, it is better for him.
Yet to fast is better for youpl, if you only knew. 185 (It
was) the month of Ramadan in which the Recitald
was sent down as guidance for mankind, and as
evident explanations of the guidance and the
criterion. So whoever of you witnesses the month,
then he shall fast it. But whoever is sick or on a
journey, then (he must fast) a period of other days.
Allah wants ease for you and does not want hardship
for you, and that you should complete the period,
and that you should glorify Allah for having guided
you, and so that you may give thanks. 186 And when
The will.
This sign was revealed at a time when fasting was not yet obligatory, then it was abrogated by sign 185.
Qc
Hisham read it as: “a compensation (is allowed instead)—food for destitute people.”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Zekwan and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . a compensation of food for destitute persons (is allowed instead.)”
d
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
a
b
18
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h h hh iû h
h h h i i
i ğ h
m ȑ‹ğ `ĵ
dj
ŘɊK ŋŹő ι `źųi Űšû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ `j? űû Ȳů xǞû Ň
h i
i hû iû
h žk Ʌh bh Mĵ
ğ ků cʼnq Ÿi `A
Š ʼnh Źi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ĺ
Š
j
ɰ
c
ŶŰj
;
ŋ
Ū
ů‹
j
ŷ
žj
ȯ
^
Ōŵ
p j
j =
ûh
h hû iû h
ğ
h
h h
i
`ǽ ŴŲh bh ðŷi ųû ŕi žh ŰŦ ŋh Źû Œɉ‹ űi ȲŶjŲ ʼnh Źj ő Ŵųh ȯ `ĵ
ˏ j ũŋŧů‹b
h
i
x h h Šh h û h e h
i iğ i i h h
űi Ȳjķ Ĭ‹
ʼnɆŋj Ž ñ ŋŇ= ˉg ĵğŽɁ Ŵjû Ųk Cʼnğ jšŦ ŋp ŧŎh ȇ
b= ĵŘɆŋj Ɋ
l ikh i h h ğ û l i û i h h û iû i i i i hh h û iû
Abǚj ŭ jȋb Cʼnšj ů‹ AźŰųj ŭ jȋb Ǫšů‹ űȲjķ ʼnɆŋj Ž ƅb Ǫɀů‹
h
h i ûh i ğ h
h
i
hğ
Š h h Ĭ‹
AJ˯ κ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ůbh űû ȲŠƊʼnh Ÿ ĵŲh ȇ
h
h hh h
hh û h i i f h k h k h
ğ
h
j
AJj? SAȐ‹ CźŠI ĶžŁ
j = ðĶɆjŋũ ƭj j ıŦ ƴj ȭ djIĵĸjŠ ūɉɂŎ
l û û
l i h û hûh h h
ğ
h
h i
λ `bʼni őŋû hŽ űû Źi Űšh ů ƪj AźŶji ŲİiȎbh Ǔj Aźĸž
ł
j ļŏɀŰŦ ˌ`j ȕI
h
h
m
i h ğ j h k h ûh û i h ğ i
i
x h jȊ Ŵğ Ÿi űû Ȳ
h
_ĵžŕɉ‹
Mĵ
j ĹŰȎ űȲů Ůjń=
ô j ɋĵŏj ȸ ǓŠ j ? ĽŦŋɉ‹
h
h
ğ
i
h i û i û i ğ iğ h h ğ i x h û i hh û i ğ
`źŵĵļh ƛ űû ļŶ
Ŭ űȲŵɁ Ĭ‹ űj ŰŠ ñŴŹɉ Mĵ jȊ űļŵ=b űȲů
û
h
i h hh
i hh h hh û i h i h
Ŵh ˜ůĭŦ ðűû ȲŶŠ ĵŧȭbh űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Bĵ
ļȯ űȲŏŧŵ=
l i h û h l ii h û i h iğ h h h h l i hû h ğ i i h
AźɅǨ‹b Aźȣb űô Ȳů Ĭ‹ ĶļŬ ĵŲ AźŤļȨ‹b ŴŸbǬj Š ɐ
hû
i h hğhhh Šğ h
h û űi Ȳ
h û Ŵjh Ų Ŗi žh Ȩû hƁ‹û ři žû Ƣ‹
jIźh Ŏû Ɓ‹ řj žû Ƣ‹
ů ǻĸȽŽ Ʋń
h
h
h
ğ
l
i i Šhi h û
û hû h
h k AźųjĠ Ļ= űğ Ȫi ŋł
Ŵğ ŸbǬ
j ɭĻ ƅb ˏŮj Ȏ‹ Ǔj? _ĵžh ŕɉ‹
j
ˌj ŧů‹ ŴjŲ
hh ğ i
h i Šh û i hh
h û
h hû
Š
ƆŦ jĬ‹ Ibʼni ńi ūŰj Ļ ˍʼnj ł
ɹ
ų
ɉ‹
Ǎ
`ź
ŧjŭɢ űļŵ=b
j
j
ğ h
h i
h i ğ i k h i h Šh h h i h û h
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ĀjŷjļŠɔA;h Ĭ‹
`źŪļğ Ȭh űû Źi Űšh ů Mĵ
ǻj ȼŽ ūj ɉɶŬ ñĵŸźɅŋŪȩ
û
mh l iûih
i
i h h l i i ûh h
ĵŹjķ AźɉʼnĻb Ůj śj Šɭh ůĭjķ űȲŶh ûɀhķ űȲůŠʆh Ųû = Aźm ŰȱįĻ ƅbh μ
h
h
û û
q h l i i û h j ğ iû
ğȍ‹ ^Šʆh Ųû = Ŵjû Ųk ĵŪɆ
j
űj ľƃĭ
ķ
Mĵ
ŋj Ŧ AźŰȱį jȋ _Ǿơ‹ Ǔj?
j
j j
h
h ih û h û i hh
h h i nh û h
h j Ůû iũ ˌjĹŰjğ ŸƁ‹û ŴŠh ū
Ǘ
ŵź
Ű
Z
ŏ
ȹø
ν
`ź
ųŰšȩ űļŵ=b
j
û
h
û h
h û l i h
Ġ ûů‹ ōh ɀû hůbh ŀk ơ‹
i ȰŠʆh Ųh
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ĺžj
ŴjŲ Dźži iȊ‹ AźĻɂĻ `įjķ ǚ
ñ j h b Mĵ
j
h
h û l i û Š h ğ h ğ û ğ Šh h h i i
ȩ‹ Ŵj Ų ǚj ů‹ ŴȲ
ô ĵŹh j ķŠʆh ûķɁ Ŵjû Ų Dźži iȊ‹ AźĻɁbh ˍǐ
j ɧb ĵŸjKźŹŝ
l i h h
h i ûi û i ğhh hğ l iğ h
ğ
h
jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj AźŰjļŠɥb ξ `źŅj Űŧȩ űȲŰšů Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b
i h h ğ ğ lm i h û h h h û i h i Šhi h ğ
`j? Abô ʼnļšȩ ƅb űȲŵźŰjļʂŽ ŴŽjȑ‹
ĶjĠ Ƙ ƅ Ĭ‹
My servants ask yousg about Me—indeed, I am
near; I respond to the call of the caller when he calls
upon Me. So let them respond to Me and let them
have faith in Me, that they may become prudent. 187
Permitted for youpl is intercourse with your women
on the night of the fast; they are a garment for you
and you are a garment for them. Allah has known
that you used to betray yourselves, but He granted
you repentance and accepted it from you and
pardoned you. So approach them now and seek
what Allah has prescribed for you, and eat and
drink until the white thread becomes evident to you
from the black thread at dawn, then complete the
fast to the night. But do not approach them while
you are consecrating yourselves in the mosques.
These are the limits of Allah, so do not come near
them. Allah thus clarifies His signs to mankind,
that they may become mindful (of Him). 188 And do
not devour your wealths among yourselves by false
means, nor throw it (as bribes) to the judges in order
to devour part a of other people’s wealth illicitly,
while you know. 189 They ask you sg about the
crescents. Say, “They are time-marks for mankind
and for the Pilgrimageb.” And virtue is not (attained)
by approaching houses from their backs; rather,
virtue is (exemplified in) one who has been mindful (of
God). So approach houses from their doorsc and be
mindful of Allah, that youpl may succeed. 190 And
combat in the way of Allah those who combat youpl,
but do not start hostilities; indeed, Allah does not
love the hostile ones. 191 And kill them wherever
youpl encounter them, and evict them from where
they have evicted you, for religious persecution is
more severe than killing. But do not combatd them
at the Inviolable Mosque unless they combat you
about it. So if they combat youpl, then kill them.
Such is the repayment of the deniers. 192 But if they
cease, then Allah is indeed Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 193 And combat pl them until
there is no more religious persecution and religion
becomes for Allah. But if they cease, then let there
be no hostility except against the unjust pl. 194 An
inviolable month for an inviolable month, and
Literally ‘a group’.
Hajj.
c
Before Islam, Arabs used to enter their houses through the backyards once they had donned their Hajj garments, thinking
that entering through the door would invalidate their state of consecration for pilgrimage.
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “But do not kill them at the Inviolable Mosque unless they kill you about it.
So if they kill youpl, then kill them.”
a
b
19
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
û h i û h i
i
i i û
h ʼnļh šû ųi û ɉ‹
Ŵjû Ųk űŸźŁi ŋj Ň=bh űû Ÿźųi ļi ŧjŪľ Ľžû ńh űû ŸźŰļi Ȱ‹bh ο ŴŽj
i
hû
hh i û
û h i
i i hi h
űû ŸźŰjļŠʂĻ ƅbh ˏŮj ļû Ūů‹ Ŵjh Ų ʼnĠ ő= ĹŶh ļû jŧů‹bh űô û ȡźŁi ŋh Ň= Ľžû ńh
i i h h
i i h ğ h h hû
û hû h
Š ń _Aj ŋơ‹ ʼnj ł
űû ȡźŰļh Š ɥ `jıŦ ˌjŷžjȯ űû ȡźŰjļŠʂiŽ Ʋ
j ŏųɉ‹ ʼnŶjŠ
h û i m h h h Šh h û i i i û h
h
ğ h l h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ ;AŌŁ ūj ɉɶŬ ñűŸźŰļȰĭŦ
`jıŦ Aźû Źh ļŵ‹
`j j ıŦ π ŴɆ
j
x h û h i h h Š ğ h û i i Šh h
hğ
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
x ńKğ Kź
ĹŶļj Ŧ `źȲĻ ƅ Ʋń űŸźŰjļɥb ρ űžj
hh ğ h
hh l h
h ğ i k h i hh
ȇ ƅj? `Šɩh ʼnû Ši ƆŦ Aźû Źh ļŵ‹
`j j ıŦ ðjĬj ŴŽj
Ȑ‹ `źȲɆb
ğ
ğ
h
i h hû i û ğ
i Š ɨh ŋi ơ‹
h û ŋŹû Œɉĭ
i û bh _Aj ŋh ơ‹
ĺ
j ķ _Aŋơ‹ ŋŹŒɉ‹ ς ǻųj j ۊɾů‹
j
hh l û h i hh Š hhû
h x h
û
ĵŲh Ůj Ŀųj j ķ jŷžû ŰŠ Abʼni ļh ȭĭŦ űû Ȳžû ŰŠ c
ʼnļȭ‹ Ŵj ųh ȯ Oĵ
ô ŕj ũ
h
l
l
h
h
iğ
û h hğ
i
h Š hhû
h ğ `ğ = Aźm ųi ŰŠ‹
ʼnļȭ‹
b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹bh űô û Ȳžû ŰŠ c
şh Ųh Ĭ‹
h
h
h
l
û
l
i i
ğ
i
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉ‹
h Ǎ AźŪi jŧŵ=bh σ ǻ
űû ȲŽjʼnûŽɂjķ AźŪŰĻ ƅbh jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
j
j
j
j
h
û
l
i
h
û ųi ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
h ğ `ğ ? Aźm ô Ŷi jŏńû =bh jĹŭŰŹû ȋ‹
ğ Ǔh ?
τ ǻ
j
j
j
h
i
û
û
l
û ĵųh ȯh űû ȩi Dz
û j ńû = `û ıhŦ jĬğ j hCŋh ųû ši ů‹bh ŀğ ơ‹
h h ûɀļh Ŏ‹
h AźųjĠ Ļ=bh
Ŵjh Ų Ǫ
j ô
û hi
ğ h
i h i i l i ûh hh û hû
Š ğ ńh űû Ȳ
ÿô ŷi ŰjƤ di ʼnû Źh ɉ‹ ŢŰĸû Ȭh Ʋ
Ŏb;K AźŪj Űƕ ƅb ˌdj ʼnŹɉ‹
û
h
h
xhû h
q
h
h h
e
i
ĹŽʼnjŧŦ ĀjŷŎj =Kğ ŴjŲk cJ= mĀjŷj ķ bû = ĵŘɆŋj Ųğ űȲŶjŲ `ǽ Ŵųh ȯ
h i h mh h
h
i i û h h h h û h h j ŴjŲk
şh ļğ ųh ȩ Ŵųh ȯ űû ļŶj
Ų= AJjıŦ ū
ˏ p ŏȸ b= Ĺg ũʼnŔ b= ˉg ĵžŔ
h û ğ h h û h û h h h û h û h h k hû h h û i û
ʼnû ƒ
ˏ j ʼnŹɉ‹ ŴjŲ ǪɀļŎ‹ ĵųȯ ŀj ơ‹ Ǔj? j Cŋųšůĭjķ
j űů Ŵųȯ d
h hhh i h h
x h h h h û û i û h h h h û h h k hû
CǬŠ ūŰj Ļ ñűļšŁK AJj? Ĺg šĸŎb ŀj ơ‹ Ǎj ˉp ĵğŽɁ jĹĿŠʄľ _ĵ
žŕj Ŧ
h
û hû
h iiû û i h ûğ h h h xh h
ʼnj ł
j ŏųɉ‹ dǰĵ
j j ń ÿŷŰŸ= ŴȲŽ űů Ŵųj ɉ ūj ɉŠə ñ ĹŰjɊǽ
h û i h h ğ ğ h l m i h û h h ğ l i ğ h j h hû
υ Bĵ
Ū
j jšů‹ ʼnŽjʼnő Ĭ‹ `= AźųŰŠ‹b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b ˏ_Aŋơ‹
h x Š h i û ğ x i û h Ġ hû
h h
h h h h hû ğ
ĽŦKh ƆŦ ŀğ ơ‹
ŴŹj žjȯ Pŋh Ŧ Ŵųh ȯ ĺ
ô ɨźŰšŲ ŋŹő= ŀơ‹
hh h i i hh
h h
û h û l i h û h h h k hû
Ǟ
j ƅb \źŏŦ ƅb
p Ň ŴjŲ AźŰšŧȩ ĵŲb ñŀj ơ‹ Ǎj ^AʼnŁ
iğ h Š h ûğ
h û Ňh `ğ ıhŦ l AbIi bğ Ōh hĻbh Ĭ
iğ iûhûh
ğ Ǟ
`ź
źŪȋ‹ jIAŌɉ‹
ñ ‹ ŷųŰšȬ
j Ūȩ‹b ðc
j
i h
l ihûh h f h i û i ûh h h ûh
ûh û
h
l
Ģ
Š
AźŤļȼĻ `= GĵŶŁ űȲžŰŠ ōɀů φ Ķ
j ɭůƁ‹ Ƞj bįʑ
inviolable rites call for fair retribution. So whoever
starts hostilities against youpl, be hostile to him in
the same measure as he has been hostile to you.
And be mindful of Allah, and know that Allah is
with the mindfulpl (of Him). 195 And spend in the way
of Allah and do not cast your pl own hands into
annihilation, and excel in doing good. Indeed,
Allah loves those who excel in doing good. 196 And
complete the Pilgrimagea and the Minor Pilgrimageb
for Allah. But if you pl are detained, then (offer)
whatever is feasible of offerings. And do not shave
your heads until the offering has reached its
destination. But whoever of you is sick or has some
affliction of his head, then the due redemption is
fasting or a donation or a sacrifice. Then when you
are secure: whoever enjoys a break between the
Minor Pilgrimage and the Pilgrimage, then (he must
offer) whatever is feasible of offering. But whoever
cannot find the means, then fasting for three days
during the Pilgrimage, and seven when youpl havec
returned; that is ten in total. That is for the one
whose family is not present at the Inviolable
Mosqued. And bepl mindful of Allah, and know that
Allah is stern in retribution. 197 Pilgrimage is during
specific months. So whoever decides to perform
Pilgrimage, then there shall never be intercourse
nor ungodliness nor disputation e during the
Pilgrimage. And whatever good youpl do, Allah
knows it. And take provisions, but the best provision
is indeed mindfulness (of God). And be mindful of
Mef, O people of understanding. 198 Youpl commit
no sing by seeking grace from your Lordh. So when
youpl pour forth from Arafat, remember Allah at the
Sacred Landmark. And remember Him as He has
guided youpl, although before that, you were indeed
of those astray. 199 Then pour pl forth from where the
people have poured forth and ask Allah for
forgiveness. Indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 200 Then when youpl have
completed your rites, remember Allah as you
Hajj.
Umrah.
c
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
d
Lives outside Makkah.
Qe
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . then there shall be no intercourse nor ungodliness nor disputation during the Pilgrimage.”
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . then there shall be no intercourse nor ungodliness, and no disputation,
ever, during the Pilgrimage.”
f
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
g
During Pilgrimage.
h
Through commerce.
a
b
20
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
û h Šh h h û k i û h h m h h û i k ğ k q û h
h ğ ‹ l Abŋi Ŭi Jĭ
Ĭ
Ŧĺ
p ɤŋŠ ŴjŲ űļŘŦ= AJj ıŦ űô ȲjɅK ŴjŲ ƆŘŦ
i Š h h h h i i i û h j h hû h û h û h
i Ŭi `˯ űû Ȳ
űļŶ
ƊʼnŸ ĵųŬ abŋŬJ‹b ˌ_Aŋơ‹ ŋj šŒųɉ‹ ʼnŶjŠ
h
l i h i
h
h h i
ğ h h
h kůĮŘɉ‹
PĵŦ= Ľžû ńh Ŵjû Ų AźŘžjȯ= űğ Ȫ χ ǻj
Ŵųj ɉ ĀjŷjŰĸû Ȱ ŴjŲk
h h
hğ l ûh û h i ğ
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
x ńKğ Kź
AJjıŦ ψ űžj
j ô Abŋi jŧŤļŎ‹b Mĵȍ‹
i û h hğ l i i û h û i h h ğ iû h h
i m
AbŋŬJĭŦ űȲŭ jŏŠɰŲ űļžŘũ
űû ȱ;h ĵhķA;h űû ȡŋj ȡjŊŬ Ĭ‹
h h
i i
m
ûĠ
ğ Ŵh ųj hŦ ñˊŋq Ŭjû J ʼnğ őh = bû =
j ȍ‹
ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj ĵŶjh ĻA;h ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ^źŪȬh ŴŲh Mĵ
h
mhğh i ih ğ iû h
h h
ĵŶɅK ^źŪȬ ŴŲ űŹŶjŲb ω Ũp Š ʄŇ Ŵjû Ų j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎj ÿȔi ĵŲh bh
Ġ Ǎ ĵŶjh ĻA;h
h Ŋh Šh ĵŶjh ũbh Ĺq Ŷh ŏh ńh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ ȝbh Ĺq Ŷh ŏh ńh ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
BA
j
j
i
l
h
h
h
h Ģ l
x ŕhŵ űû Źi ɉ ū
i ğ ‹bh Aźô ĸi ŏh Ŭ ĵųjğ Ɋk Ķž
i Ǧh Ĭ
ğ
şɆ
j
j Ɍʤb= ϊ jKĵȍ‹
j
h Šh i û ğ ğ h m h ğ l i i û h
h û
Ŵųh ȯ D
ˏ p ɘbʼnšŲ ˉp ĵŽɁ Ǎj Ĭ‹ AbŋŬJ‹bø ϋ Bĵ
j ŏj ơ‹
û h h h û m h h h ğ h h h h û h h h û m h h û Ųh źû hŽ Ǎ Ůh łğ šh ȩh
j
ˌjŷžŰŠ űȪj? ƆŦ ŋŇįĻ ŴŲb jŷžŰŠ űȪj? ƆŦ ǻ
j
h
i
l
h
l
h
iğ Šhğ h
h i h û û û i ğ m i û h hğ
ό `bǬ
ȩ‹ Ŵj ųj ɉ
ƕ jŷȎj? űȲŵɁ AźųŰŠ‹b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹bh ˍǐ
û
i
h h i ûi h
û
ûĠ Šhh
j Cźžơ‹ Ǎj ÿȔi źû ũ ū
j ğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ųbh
ʼni Źj Œiȹbh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
ĸł
j šȬ ŴŲ Mĵ
û hh
ğ h
ûh
hğ
Š h h Ĭ‹
Š h Ŏh ȠŠ źh hĻ AJ˯
j ŕjh Ƣ‹ ȐĠ Ɂ źh Ÿi bh ĀjŷjĸŰũ Ǎj ĵŲh ȇ
Nj
ύ _ĵ
hû
h i ğ h h û ğ h h û hû h û i h h h û i
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj
ƅ Ĭ‹
b ô Ůŏȿů‹b Eŋơ‹ ūj ŰŹɆb ĵŹžjȯ ʼn jŏŧȎj P˱
i
h
h
h hû
iCŌğ šûů‹ ŷi ûĻŊh Ňh h= Ĭ‹
h ğ ŨğĻ‹ Ȕi h Ůžj
Ȱ AJ˯ ώ Iĵŏh ŧů‹ ĶjĠ Ƙ
j
j
i h û h û hh iğh h ii û h h û û
ğ Ŵjh Ųbh Ϗ Iĵ
j ȍ‹
Mĵ
Źųj ɉ‹ ōȻjȊb ðűŶŹŁ ÿŷĸŏŅŦ űˏ j ľƃĭ
j jķ
ûh
üi
ûh h
ğ
h h mh û
i ğ bh jĬ‹
[b;i Kh Ĭ‹
Dĵ
j ŗŋû Ɋ ;h ĵŤjļķ‹ ŷi ŏh ŧȫ dǬ
ô
j ȹ ŴŲ
h h
l i i û l
û
qğ h û k
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ ϐ jIĵĸh jšůĭjķ
ĹŦĮŬ űj Űjŏɉ‹
Ǎj AźŰŇI‹ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
i h iğ Šhû ğ
x ĸŲĠ bx k ʼni Šh űû Ȳ
h i l ğh h
ϑǻ
ů ÿŷŵj? Ŵˏ j ɽžŒɉ‹ D
j Š ʆśi Ň Aźši j ĸȽĻ ƅbh
j
ğ h l h û h i Šh khû i i ûh m h h û h ü k iûhh h
ɰjžȊ‹ űȲĻ;ĵŁ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj űļŰɉL `jıŦ
`= Aźm ųi ŰŠĭŦ ĺ
û
h
h i h ûh
i ğ űi Źi žjh ȩįhŽ `= mƅğ ? `b
f h f h hğ
Ĭ‹
j ŋi ŞŶŽ ŮŸ ϒ űžjŭń ŌɆŌj Š Ĭ‹
ğ h i ûh û h i h i h Ģh hû h j h h û h k h i
jĬ‹ Ǔ˯ ô ŋɊƁ‹ DŽj ũb ĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹b _ĵųŤů‹ ŴjŲ Ůp Űŝ Ǎj
remember your forefathers or with even greater
remembrance. And of mankind is one who says,
“Our Lord, bring to us in the Earlier (Life),” yet he
has no share in the Hereafter. 201 And of them is one
who says, “Our Lord, bring to us goodness in the
Earlier (Life) and goodness in the Hereafter and
protect us from the punishment of the Fire.” 202
Those shall have a share of what they have earned,
for Allah is Swift in reckoning. 203 And remember pl
Allah a during a limited number of days. But
whoever hurries on (to leave Mena) after two days
commits no sin, and whoever stays on commits no
sin—provided he maintains mindfulness (of God).
And bepl mindful of Allah, and know that to Him
you will be herded. 204 And of mankind is one
whose speech about the Earlier Life impresses
yousg, and he calls upon Allah to bear witness as to
what is in his heart, while he is the most hostile of
adversaries. 205 For when he turns away (from you), he
rushes about in the land in order to spread
corruption on earth and destroy both field and
progeny. But Allah does not love corruption. 206
And when he is told, “Be mindful of Allah,” the
might of the sin takes over him. So Hell is sufficient
for him, and indeed, what a miserable resting place!
And of mankind is one who sells his (inner) self,
207
se ek i ng A l la h’s ple a su re. A nd A l la h is
Compassionate towards the servants. 208 O you who
have attained faith, enter into peacefulness and
submission collectively, and do not follow the
footsteps of Satan; indeed, to you he is an evident
enemy. 209 So if youpl slip after the evident proofs
have come to you, then know that Allah is Almighty,
All-Wise. 210 Are they waiting for anything except
for (the command of) Allah to come to them in shades
of mists, and the angels (too)b? And (thus) the matter
wasc settled, for to Allah all things are returnedd. 211
Ask the Children of Israel how many an evident
sign We brought them. Yet whoever changes the
blessing of Allah after it has come to him, then
Allah is indeed stern in retribution. 212 The Earlier
Life has been adorned for those who have denied,
and they ridicule those who have attained faith. But
(of God) are above them on
those who are mindful
the Day of Resurrection, for Allah provides to
a
Qb
c
d
In the valley of Mena.
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . in shades of mists and angels?”
A grammatical shift from present tense to past tense.
All except for Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, ʻAsem and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . all things return.”
21
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h
h h
i Ɋi iƁ‹û şi Łh ŋû iĻ
m j hķ Ůû Ŏh ϓ Kź
Ŵjû Ųk űŹi Šɰh žû ȩA;h űû ȱ ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
û
ğ h û m
ğ h
`jıŦ ŷi Ļ;h ĵŁh ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj jĬ‹ Ĺųh šjû ŵ ^jʼnk ĸh Ȭi ŴŲh bh ˍpĹŶh j kɀhķ ģ ĹhŽA;h
û Ġ i Š h hû l i h h h ğ h k i
h û i h hğ
ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Cźžơ‹ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ŴjɆL ϔ Bĵ
j Ūjšů‹ ʼnŽjʼnő Ĭ‹
h h l hğ h ğ h lòi h h h ğ h h i h ûh h
_h źû hŽ űû Źi Ȱźû Ŧ Aźû Ūȩ‹ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲ `bŋňŏȹb
h h
ûh im hh h ii ûh iğ h h h û
h
`ǽ ϕ Bĵ
j Ťjķ ;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ \LŋŽ Ĭ‹b ˍjĹųŠɱŪj ů‹
p ŏjń Ǟ
h h h h q h Šh q ği i ğ
iğ ‹ Ľ
h Ǭj k hȼŲi Ŵāh Zžk ȼğȍ‹ Ĭ
ŴɆ
šĸȯ Cʼnjńɩ ĹŲ= Mĵȍ‹
jj
j
h û i i h h hh hh h
i û h k hû
hǻû Ȩh űh Ȳ
h
Š
ŅȎj Ũj ơĭjķ Ķɮjŭů‹ űŹšŲ ^Ōŵ=b ŴɆjKjŊŶŲi bh
l ih û h
û hh
h ȑ‹ğ ƅğ ? jŷžjȯ ťh hŰļh ҋ
j ğȍ‹
ŴŽj
ĵŲb jŷˏ žjȯ AźŧŰļh ҋ ĵųžj
ȯ Mĵ
j
h
û i Šh khû i i û hm h h û h ü i i i
ɰjžȊ‹ űŹȩ;ĵŁ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj aźĻb=
cʼnh Źh ȯ ðűû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ˋüžh ŤȨh ĺ
û
û
û h l ih h h ğ iğ
h Ŵh Ųj jŷžjȯ l Aźŧi hŰļh ҋ
ĀjñŷjŵJjıjȨ Ũj k ơ‹
ĵųj ɉ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ Ĭ‹
hû
h
m
h û Ġ
h j ǓŠ ? ;i ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh djʼnŹû Ȭh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh
_= ϖ ˈž
j
g jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
l û h h h ğ i h ğ i û h ğ h h h ğ hû l i i û h h û i û h
AźŰŇ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŮĿŲ űȲj ĻįŽ ĵųɉb ĹŶƠ‹ AźŰŇʼnĻ `= űļȼ jŏń
l i û
mğ ğ h im h ûhû i iû ğ ğ i ûh
Š ğ ńh AźɉŌj ɉLi bh ;i AǴɉ‹
Ʋ
b ;ĵŎįȊ‹ űŹļŏŲ ˌűȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ
h
h
ğ m ğ i û h Šh h i h h l i h h h ğ h i i ğ h ih
ŵ ƲŲ ÿŷšŲ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹b ^źŎŋɉ‹ ^źŪȬ
`j? ƅɁ ñjĬ‹ Dz
mh ûi h i i h h h h ih ûh
ğ h û h
x ŋhũ jĬ‹
ĵŲ Ůũ ð`źŪjŧŶŽ AJĵŲ ūŵźŰnZŏȹ ϗ ĶɆ
Dzŵ
j
h
û
û
h h
h Ʌŋh ûũƁ‹bh ŴûŽȐh j Š ʆh ûŰj ŰhŦ Ǟû Ňh Ŵjû Ųk űļi Ūû ŧŵ
Š h Šɮh hȎ‹bh ǻ
=
ǖ
j
j
p
h hû h
ğ Ŵûķ‹bh ǻjŭɹ
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ Ǟû Ňh Ŵjû Ų l AźŰi šh ŧû ȩh ĵŲh bh Ůžȼŏɉ‹
Ĭ
ˍj j
j Š ųɉ‹b
j p
j
i ğ x i i i h û i ûh h h i
x ŰŠh Ājŷķ
ðűû Ȳů aŋû Ŭ źh Ÿbh ^ĵļjŪů‹ űi ȲžŰŠ ĶjļŬ Ϙ űžj
j
h h h h û i ğ xû h i h qû h l i û h h h h h
Ģ Šb ðűȲů ǞŇ źh Ÿb ĵnZžő AźŸŋh ȲĻ `= ƿ
Ģ Šb
`= ƿ
h
h h h h i h i h û h i ğ h û i ğ xk h h i h q û h l Ġ i
`źųi Űšû ȩ ƅ űû ļŵ
=b űŰšȬ Ĭ‹b űô Ȳů Ǩ źŸb ĵnZžő Aźĸjƕ
x
ûi
h h h ih ûh
h h hû û ğ
jŷžjȯ ^ĵļjh ũ Ůũ ˌjŷžjȯ ^ĵ
p ļj ũ _Aj ŋơ‹ ŋj ŹŒɉ‹ Ŵj Š ūŵźŰnZŏȹ ϙ
û hû h
h h Ğ h h x h
iûih ğ
h û ʼnj ł
_Aj ŋh ơ‹
j ŏųɉ‹b Ājŷjķ ü ŋŧȡb jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ ŴŠ ʼnŔb ôǞjĸŬ
ûh i h û
û h ihû û h ğ h ih û h iû
ihȱ
hŴjŲ ǚ
= ĹŶļjŧů‹b jĬ‹
ô ʼnŶjŠ ǚȱ= ŷŶjŲ ĀjŷjŰŸ= FAŋŇ˯
whomever He wills without measure. 213 Mankind
used to be one community, then Allah sent the
prophets as bearers of glad tidings and as
forewarners. And He sent down with them the
Scripture with the truth to judgea between mankind
regarding whatever they differed over. But none
differed over itb except those who were given it—
after evident proofs had come to them—out of
mutual envy between them. Then Allah guided
those who attained faith to the truth they had
disputed, by His knowledge c. For Allah guides
whom He wills to a straight path. 214 Or did youpl
expect to enter the Garden (of Paradise) before the like
of (the trials that befell) those who passed on before you
had befallen you? Misery and adversity afflicted
them, and they were shaken as with an earthquake,
untild the Messenger and those who believed with
him would say, “When is Allah’s support (coming)?”
Undoubtedly, Allah’s support is indeed near. 215
They ask you sg what they should spend. Say,
“Whatever good (offering) you spend is for the parents
and the close relatives and the orphans and the
destitutepl and the traveler in need. For whatever
good youpl do, Allah is All-Knowing of it. 216 Combat
has been prescribed upon youpl, even though you
dislike it. But it may be that youpl dislike something
while it is good for you, and it may be that you like
something while it is bad for you. For Allah knows,
and youpl know not. 217 They ask yousg about the
inviolable month— (about) combat during it. Say,
“Combat during it is (a) grave (offense), yet barring
(others) from the way of Allah and denying Him and
(preventing access to) the Inviolable Mosque as well as
evicting its people from it are graver to Allah, for
religious persecution is (a) graver (offense) than
killing. And they will keep combating youpl to turn
you back from your religion, if they can. And
whoever of you turns back from his religion and
dies as a denier—thosee are the ones whose deeds
were nullified in the Earlier (Life) and the Hereafter,
for those are the fellows of the Fire; therein they
abide. 218 Indeed, those who have attained faith and
those who have migrated and have striven in the
way of Allah—those
expect Allah’s mercy, for
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . so that it may be judged between mankind . . .”
The Scripture.
c
Literally ‘by His leave’.
Qd
Nafieʻ read it as: “. . . and they were shaken as with an earthquake, such that the Messenger and those . . .”
e
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qa
b
22
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
i Ġ
i h i Šhi h i h h h h û hû
h
Š ğ ńh űû Ȳ
ŵźŰjļʂŽ `źɉAŌŽ ƅb ˍŮj ļŪů‹
ŴŠ űû ȡbIŋi hŽ Ʋ
l
û h
h i
i
û `? űû Ȳj
ĀjŷjŶŽjI ŴŠ űû ȲŶjŲ IjʼnĻŋû hŽ ŴŲh bh Aźô ši Šɽh ļh Ŏ‹
ŶŽjI
jj
h
i
i û û h h h hl h x h hih û ihh
ûĠ
ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj űû Źi ۊʅh Š= ĺ
śjĸń ūjɌʤĢ bįŦ ŋj Ŧǽ źŸb ĺųžȯ
h i Šh h û i ğ i Šh û h h Ģhlih h
Ϛ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjKĵȍ‹ ĶɳŔ= ūj Ɍʤb=b ˌjCŋjŇ˖‹bh
ğ
h l i hŠh h l i h h h ğ h l ih h h ğ ğ
jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj AbʼnŹɕb AbŋŁĵŸ ŴŽjȑ‹b AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j?
ğ h hû h h i ûh h Ģhli
i ğ bh jĬ‹
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
ĺƧK `źŁŋŽ ūjɌʤb=
ϛ űžj
ô
h h i nh û h
h û ŴŠh ū
xǞĸŬh űx ûľ? m ĵųh Źžjȯ Ůû iũ Ǫj ûɀųh û ɉ‹bh ŋųû Ƣ‹
ŵźŰZŏȹø
j j
ˌj
j
j
j
h
i
m
û
ûğ
û
h h
ihȱ
j ŶŰjğ ɉ şi jŧŠɰh Ųh bh
ūŵźŰnZh ŏû h ȹbh ñĵųh Źj jšŧȫ ŴjŲ ǚ
= ĵųh Źi ųi Ȫ˯ Mĵ
h
i h i ğ i k h i h Šh h h û h û i h i i h h
ĺ
ǻj ȼŽ ūj ɉɶŬ ñ źŧšů‹ Ůj ũ ð`źŪjŧŶŽ AJĵŲ
j Š ɔ˖‹ űi Ȳů Ĭ‹
i
ûĠ
h ğ h h i ğ h
h h
ūŵźŰnZh ŏû h ȹbh ˍjCŋjh Ň˖‹bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj Ϝ `bŋi ŭŧļh ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů
ğ x h
ûi h Šh hû
hi
h
i
Š ɮȎ‹ Ŵj Šh
űû Ÿźśji ůĵƛ `˯ ðxǞû Ň űû Źi ɉ GƆŔû j ? Ůũ ˌǖ
û
m h h
i i hû h
h ŧû ųi û ɉ‹ űi hŰšû Ȭh Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh űû Ȳ
;h ĵő źû ɉbh ˏ jŃj Űŕû ųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ʼnjŏ
ô ŵŠʆŇjıŦ
l i h hh
i hh ûhh iğ
h ğ `ğ ? űû Ȳ
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh Ĭ‹
ļŶȭƁ Ĭ‹
AźŅjŭŶĻ ƅb ϝ űžj
ô
j
j
h
h
h û Ġ k xû h fh û Ġ x h h ğ ûi ğ h
h û iû
Šɦ
Š
Ʋ
ń
ĺ
Ǭ
Ų
Ŵj
Ų
Ǟ
Ň
Ĺ
Ŷj
Ų
İ
Ų
Ĺ
Ų
Ɓ
b
Ŵj
Ų
İ
Ž
j
pĹȡǬ
ô
j ųɉ‹
j
h
l i ûi ğ h h
û iû l i i h û i ûh h û h ûh h
Š ń ǻj ȡǬ
Aźô ŶjŲİŽ Ʋ
j ųɉ‹ AźŅjŭŶĻ ƅb ñűȲļĸłŠ= źɉb
i
û Ġ k xûh f û Ġ x ûhhh
h h
i h û h ûh h
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ñűû Ȳĸh ł
Š= źɉb ]p Ǭ
j Ų ŴjŲ ǞŇ ŴjŲİŲ ʼnĸšůb
û
û û
h i ûh
i ğ bh Kĵğȍ‹ Ǔh ? `ź
h û Ǔh j ? l Aźm Ši ʼnû hŽ Ĭ‹
ĀjðŷjŵJjıjȨ j Cŋh jŧŤųh ɉ‹bh jĹŶğ Ơ‹
j ŠʼnŽ
ˌj
ğ h
h ğ h
h h i
h ikhih
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ĀjŷjļŠɔA;h ǻ
ūŵźŰnZh ŏû h ȹbh Ϟ `bŋi ŬŊļh Ȭh űû Źi Űšh ů Mĵ
j ȼɆb
h
û
û h
m k l i h û h q hi ûi
Ŗž
j ųh ɉ‹ Ǎj ;h ĵŏh j ȿů‹ Aźɉǡ
j ųh ɉ‹ Ŵj Š
j Ņ
ˌj Ņ
j ȭĭŦ cJ= źŸ Ůũ Ŗž
h h h h
i ihûh hh
i iûh h
Š ğ ńh Ŵğ Ÿź
ɅŋŪȩ ƅb
Ŵjû Ų Ŵğ ŸźĻɂŦ `ŋû Źğ śh ȩ AJjıŦ ð`ŋû Źi śû Ȭh Ʋ
ğ ğ iğ i ih hh i ûh
h ȨŠʆğ ȋ‹
Ġ ŅɆi bh ǻ
Ġ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h
ğ
`j? ôĬ‹ űȡŋɊ= Ľžń
Ķ
Ķj
j
j
û
l i h i ğ x
i h
i im
h ŋŹk śh ļh ųi û ɉ‹
űû Ȳľŋû ńh AźĻɂŦ űû Ȳů Eŋû ńh űû ȱ>ĵŏjh ȸ ϟ ŴɆ
j j
h
ğh
lm i h û h hğ l iğ h û i
l
û
h
i
k
i
i
û
h
Š
AźųŰŠ‹b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b űô Ȳ jŏŧŵƁj AźɊjʼnũb ðűļȻjő ƭɁ
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 219
They ask you sg about wine and gambling. Say,
“There is grave sina in them and some benefits for
people, but the sin in themb is greater than their
benefit.” And they ask you about what they should
spend. Say, “The surplus.” Thus Allah makes the
sign evident to youpl, that you may reflect 220 about
the Earlier (Life) and the Hereafter. And they ask
yousg about (looking after) orphans. Say, “Reforming
their affairs is best. And if you intermix with them,
then they are your brethren.” And Allah knows the
corrupter from the reformer. For had Allah willed,
He could have overburdened youpl. Indeed, Allah is
Almighty, All-Wise. 221 Moreover, dopl not marry
polytheistic women until they believe, for a
believing bondwoman is surely better than a
polytheistic woman, even if she impresses youpl.
And do not marry your women to polytheistic men
until they believe, for a believing bondman is surely
better than a polytheistic man, even if he impresses
youpl. Those call to the Fire, while Allah calls to the
Garden (of Paradise) and to forgiveness by His leave,
for He makes clear His signs to mankind, that they
may remember. 222 And they ask you sg about
menstruation. Say, “It is (a cause of) harm, so keeppl
away from (sexual intercourse with) women during
menstruation, and do not approach them until they
are cleanc. But once they have cleansed themselves,
then approach them from where Allah has
commanded you.” Indeed, Allah loves those who
frequently repent, and He loves those who cleanse
themselves.” 223 Your pl women are a field for you, so
approach your fields whichever way you like, but
do some (good) act for yourselves beforehand. And
be mindful of Allah and know that youpl are bound
to meet Him. And give sg glad tidings to the
believers. 224 And do not make your oaths in Allah’s
name an excuse to hinder youpl from virtue and
mindfulness (of God) and reconciling between
people, for Allah is All-Listening, All-Knowing. 225
Allah does not hold youpl accountable for idle talk
involving your (unintended) oaths, but He holds you
accountable for what your hearts have earned, for
Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Forbearing. 226 For those
who vow abstinence from their wives is a wait of
Hamza and Al-Kesa’i read it as: “There is much sin in them . . .”
Literally ‘their sin’.
Qc
Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . until they are cleansed.”
Qa
b
23
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
i ğh
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Ǭk h ȵbh iaźŪi Š ʄh ŲĠ űȲ
h ğ l AźiŰšh ûƏh ƅh bh Ϡ ǻj
Ĭ‹
ŵɁ
jj
ñ
h
h
i Šh û k q h û i
h û Ȩh l AźŅji Űŕû iĻbh l AźŪi ļğ ȩh bh l Abǚ
Ġ h ȩh `= űû Ȳj
ŶʅŽƁj ĹŗŋŠ
ǻ
ûğ iğ i i i hi ğ
x h f h i ğ h j ğȍ‹
ˏ
jźŤŰɉĭjķ Ĭ‹ űȱŊjŇAİŽ ƅ ϡ űžj ŰŠ şžųj Ŏ Ĭ‹b Mĵ
h
i
h
i
i
hi
i i
i
i Šh ûh m
û ĸh ŏh Ŭ ĵųh ķ űȱ
h űû Ȳj
Š
űñ û ȲɅź
Űũ ĺ
Ŋj
Ň
A
İ
Ž
Ŵ
Ȳ
ɧ
b
ŶʅŽɁ Ǎj
j
j
m k
h i û h ğk
h
i ğ bh
x Űńh Kź
f ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
œi ɅĠ ŋh Ļ űû Źj j ɋĵŏjh ȸ ŴjŲ `źɉİiŽ ŴŽj
ȓj ů Ϣ űžj
û
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ b;i m ĵhŦ `ıhŦ ŋŹi őû h= jĹšh Ʌh Kû h=
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ
x ńKğ Kź
`˯ ϣ űžj
j
j ˌp
û
ğ
h
ğ l AźɊi Ōh Šh
h ğ `ğ ıŦ Ũh Š ʄh śů‹
i Šʂh Űśh ųi ɉ‹bh Ϥ űžj
x ŰŠh şž
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ‹
ĺ
j
û h h ğ i h Ġ h h h m i i h h Šh h ğ i h h û ğ h h h
hŴųû ļi Ȳ
Ž `= ŴŹɉ ŮjƘ ƅb ˏ p;bŋũ ĹĿʄľ ŴŹj jŏŧŵįjķ ŴŕɅǛȬ
û
ğ ğ ûi ğ i
i ğ Ũh hŰŇh ĵŲh
ğ h û h m Ĭ‹
h bh jĬĭ
_j źû Ȏ‹
j
j ķ ŴjŲİŽ Ŵȱ `j? ŴŹj Ɋj ĵńK= Ǎ
h
k Ġ h
q h û l i h û h h
ô ĵŅŠʄŔj? Abm IAKh = `j? ūj ɉŠə Ǎj Ŵjğ ŸIj ŋh j ķ Ũńh = Ŵğ Źi iȋźši Ʌi bh ˏŋjj Ň˖‹
hh
h k ɉbh [b
i šû ųh û ɉĭķ Ŵğ Źžû hŰŠh djȑ‹ğ Ůi Ŀjû Ų Ŵğ Źi h ɉbh
Ŵğ Źj žû ŰŠ ^ĵ
ŋ
j
ˏ
j ŁŋŰj
j j
j
i ŏh Ɋû ıhŦ `ĵhĻŋğ Ɋh Ũi Š ʄh śů‹
ğ ϥ űžj
i ğ bh ñ xĹŁh Kh Ih
f ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh Ĭ‹
ü]ĵ
j ˌj
j
l i i û h h û i h Ġ h h h Š h û üi û h û h
ûh
AbŊŇįĻ `= űȲů ŮjƘ ƅb ˍŴp ɹńjıjȨ ŃɆǪ
g ŋi šųjķ
j ȶ b= [b
ğ h i i h i ğ h m h h h h m ğ ne û h ğ i i i û h h m ğ
jŪŽ ƅɁ ĵŦĵƞ `= ƅj? ĵZžő ŴŸźųļɀĻA; ĵųjɊ
ðjĬ‹ Ibʼnń ĵųž
ğ h i i h i ğh û i û û h
h Ŷh Łi Ɔh hŦ jĬ‹
h ȯ ĵųh Źžû hŰŠh Gĵ
ĵųžj
Ibʼnń ĵųžjŪŽ ƅɁ űļŧjŇ `jıŦ
j
h hh ğ i
û û
h
h û
ʼnğ šh ļh Ȭh ŴŲh bh ô ĵŸbʼni ļh šû ȩ ƆŦ jĬ‹ Ibʼni ńi ūŰj Ļ Ājñŷjķ Dʼnh ļh ȯ‹
hh hğ
h
ğ
h
i h h ih ğ h
ƆŦ ĵŹh ŪŰŚh `jıŦ Ϧ `źųji ۊɾů‹ űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ jĬ‹ Ibʼni ńi
h Ġ h
h hû h e ûh h h Šğ h i û h ü
hğ
ĵŹh ŪŰŚh `jıŦ ÿñ iaǞ
Ȯ ĵŁbL ŃjŭŶĻ Ʋń ʼnšȨ ŴŲj ÿȔi Ůjƕ
h
h Ŷh Łi Ɔh hŦ
h Ǜ
h jŪiŽ `h= m ĵŶğ ŝh `? m ĵšh ŁA
h h Ȭh `h= m ĵųh Źžû hŰŠh Gĵ
Ibʼni ńi ĵųž
j
j
h
h
h h
ğ i
ğ
h û
AJ˯ ϧ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĵŹh Ŷi j žk ȼh iŽ jĬ‹ Ibʼni ńi ūŰj Ļbh ñjĬ‹
h
i i ûhh ğ ih h h h ûhhh hm h k iiûğ h
û ųh ķ Ŵğ Ÿź
i
bû = [b
ŋ
š
ŭ jŏɊįŦ ŴŹŰŁ= ŴŤŰĸȯ ;ĵŏjȿů‹ űļŪŰŚ
g
j
k h ğ i i ûi hh
l
i i k h
û
ŴŲh bh Abô ʼni ļh šû hȋj ˊKAq ǰ
j ŴŸźŭ jŏųȩ ƅb [b
ˏ p ŋi šųh j ķ Ŵğ ŸźńǦ
j
h
l
h
û
i
h
h
ûh
h û h h
ğ
h
ğh
h û
jĬ‹ ĺ
j ļȩ ƅbh ÿô ŷi ŏh ŧȫ űh Űŝ ʼnŪȯ ūj ɉŠə ŮšŧȬh
j Š ɔA;h Abm Ŋň
four months. But if they retract, then Allah is OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 227 But if they
resolve to divorce—then Allah is indeed AllHearing, All-Knowing. 228 Moreover, divorced
women shall keep themselves in wait for three
periods, and it is not lawful for them to conceal
what Allah has created in their wombs if they
believe in Allah and the Last Day, for their husbands
have the right to restore them back if they want
reconciliation. And women have rights equal to
their obligations in accordance with what is fair.
But men have a degree over them, for Allah is
Almighty, All-Wise. 229 Divorce is (allowed) twice,
then either retention in accordance with what is fair,
or setting free kindly. And it is not lawful for youpl
to take back anything you have given thema, unless
theyb both fearc that they may not maintain Allah’s
limits. So if youpl fear that they may not maintain
Allah’s limits, then there is no sin committed by
either of them if she pays, as a compensation for her
release d . These are Allah’s limits, so do pl not
transgress them, for those who transgress Allah’s
limits are the unjust. 230 But if he divorces her, she
shall not be lawful for him again until she has
married another spouse. Then if hee divorces her,
then no sin is committed by them both f if they
reunite, provided they think they can maintain
Allah’s limits. Thus these are Allah’s limits; He
makes them evident to people who know. 231 Thus
if youpl divorce women and they have reached their
termg, then either retain them in accordance with
what is fair or release them in accordance with what
is fair. But do not retain them in order to transgress
against them, for whoever performs that, then he
has surely been unjust to himself. And do not take
Allah’s signs for mockery. And remember Allah’s
blessing upon youpl and what He has sent down to
you of the Scripture and the Wisdom to admonish
you. And be pl mindful of Allah, and know that
Allah is All-Aware of everything. 232 Thus if youpl
divorce women and they have reached their termg,
then do not prevent them from marrying their
‘Them’ is feminine, denoting that the discourse is addressing men regarding their wives.
b
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
Qc
Hamza, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . unless it is feared that they both may not maintain . . .”
d
Literally ‘ransoms herself’.
e
The latter.
f
She and the first husband.
g
The waiting period.
a
24
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
i h h hh h m hh û i ûh h ğ h h û l i i û h q i i
űȲžû ŰŠ ^Ōŵ
= ĵŲb űȲžŰŠ jĬ‹ ĺųšj ŵ AbŋŬJ‹b ˊô bŌŸ
lm i h û h hğ l iğ h
û û
h û h k
i i
AźųŰŠ‹b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b Ājôŷjķ űȲŞjšhŽ jĹųh ŭj ơ‹bh Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ
m k
ûğ h
i
h ğ `ğ h=
x ŰŠh ;g ƾ
û h Ůk Ȳ
;h ĵŏh j ȿů‹ űi ļi ŪŰŚh AJ˯ Ϩ űžj
Ĭ‹
ķ
j j
h ğ i h Šh û h h û h h ğ i i i û h h h ğ i h h h h û h h h
AJj? ŴŹŁɩL= ŴŅjŭŶŽ `= ŴŸźŰŘšȩ ƆŦ ŴŹŰŁ= ŴŤŰĸȯ
h h
i h
h h
û hû
ihûh lû h hh
`ǽ ŴŲh Ājŷjķ ŜȭźiŽ ūj ɉŠə [b
ˍ j ŋi šųɉĭjķ űŹŶɀķ AźŗŠɷĻ
ğ
i h Š h û h û i Šh
i ûi û i
h û bh jĬĭ
űû Ȳů ȟ
L= űȲj ůə ˍŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû Ȏ‹
j ķ ŴjŲİŽ űȲŶjŲ
h ih û h h û i hh i h û h iğ h i h ûhh
iDŠɵjh ůŠʆh ûů‹bø
h ϩ `ź
ųŰšȩ ƅ űļŵ=b űŰšȬ Ĭ‹b ô ŋŹŚ=b
h
h
h h û h
û h h û h û h ğ i h Šh û h h û û i
ğűjļiŽ `= IA
K= Ŵųj ɉ ˌǻ
j ŋŽ
j ŰjɊǽ ǻ
j ůźń ŴŸʼnɧb= Ŵšŗ
h
û
h
û
i
h hh h ğ
û
ii û
iiû
[b
ˏ j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ Ŵğ Źȩźh ŏj ȡbh Ŵğ ŹȰLjK ÿȔi jIźɉźû ųh ɉ‹ ȇbh ô ĹŠĵŗŋɉ‹
h h h
h i h
ğ Řh iĻ ƅh ô ĵŹh šh Ŏû bi ƅğ ? ōf ŧû ȫh ťi Űğ Ȳ
ƅbh ĵŸjȐźh j ķ ü iCȐh j Š ɩh KĮ
Ļƅ
j
h
h
h
ğ
û
h
û h h h iû
x i
h
AIAKh = `jıŦ ñ ūj ɉŠə ŮĿjŲ E
j źh j ķ ÿȔi Iźɉźû Ɋh
j jKAźh ɉ‹ ȇbh Āj ôaȐ
h h h hi hh i hhh h iûk
h h e h
ñĵųh Źj žû ŰŠ Gĵ
ŶŁ ƆŦ pKbĵŒȶb ĵųŹŶjŲ PA
p ŋh Ļ ŴŠ ƅĵŕj Ŧ
i h h h h i h h û i h Šh û h l m i û h û h h û Ġ h h û
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Gĵ
ŶŁ ƆŦ űȱʼnɧb= Aźšŗ
j Ǜŏȶ `= űȩIK= `˯
hğ l i h û h h ğ l i ğ h
û
ûh
iûh m ğ iûğ h h
`= Aźm ųŰŠ‹b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b [b
ˍ j ŋi šųɉĭjķ űļɀĻA;h ĵŲ űļųŰŎ AJj?
h ih ûh h hğ
h ğ
i
h ȑ‹ğ bh Ϫ xǞŕj hķ `ź
Űųšȩ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹
űû ȲŶjŲ `źû Ŧźh ļh Ȭi ŴŽj
h
h
h
i h û ğ hh h q Šh û h h i h h h
q û Šh bh ŋŹi őû = Ĺh šh Ʌh Kû = Ŵğ Ź jŏŧŵ
įjķ ŴŕɅǛȬ ĵŁɩL= `bKŊɆb
ðˊǬ
j
p
i ûh h h h i hh ğ ih h h h ûhh h h
h ȯ űû Ȳ
m j Ŵh ûŰšh ȯh ĵųžj
Ǎ
žŰŠ GĵŶŁ ƆŦ ŴŹŰŁ= ŴŤŰķ AJjıŦ
h
i h
h h i h
û û
i ğ bh [b
ƅbh ϫ xǞjĸŇ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh j ķ Ĭ‹
jˍ ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ Ŵğ Źj jŏŧŵ=
h m k
û h h û i ûh h h h i
bû = ;j ĵŏh j ȿů‹ jĹĸh śjû Ň Ŵjû Ų Ājŷjķ űļi ŗŋğ Š ĵųžj
ȯ űȲžŰŠ GĵŶŁ
h
h i û
i h m ûi hû h
i ğ iğ h h û i
Ŵğ Źi ȫbŋi ŬŊļh Ŏh űû ȲŵɁ Ĭ‹
űj ŰŠ űô Ȳ jŏŧŵ= Ǎ
j űļȿŶȱ=
h
mğ ĝ ğ i i hi ğ
h
q û ğ q h l i ih
ô ĵŦbŋi šŲ ƅźû ũ AźɉźŪȩ `= ƅj? AǦ
j ŴŸbʼnjŠAźĻ ƅ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh
h
l
h h i h û hiûh ğ h
Šɮjŭů‹ ŢŰĸȬ Ʋ
Š ń Gj Ǿjh kȍ‹ hCʼnh Ūû ȭi AźɊi Ōj šû ȩh ƅbh
ÿô ŷi ŰŁh = Ķ
i h m h i h û h hğ ğ h lm i h û h
i
û hŦ űû Ȳ
iabKi Ŋh ńĭ
jŏŧŵ= Ǎj ĵŲ űŰšȬ Ĭ‹ `= AźųŰŠ‹b
ô
spouses (again), provided they agree with each other
in accordance with what is fair. That is an
admonition for whoever of you believes in Allah
and the Last Day. That is more purifying for youpl
and cleaner, for Allah knows, and you know not. 233
And mothers shall nurse their children for two
whole yearsa—for whoever wants to complete the
nursing period. And it is the duty of the father of
the infant to provide for themb and clothe them in
accordance with what is fair. No self shall be tasked
beyond its capacity. No mother should bec harmed
on account of her child, nor any father of an infant
on account of his child. And the same duty rests
upon the heir. And if they both want weaning, by
mutual consent and consultation, then no sin is
committed by them. And if youpl want d to seek
nursing for your children, then no sin is committed
by you as long as you give (them) what you have
broughte in accordance with what is fair. And be
mindful of Allah, and know that Allah is indeed
All-Seeing of what you do. 234 And those of you who
are taken at death and leave spouses behind, theyf
shall keep themselves in wait for four months and
ten days. Then when they have reached their term,
then no sin is committed by youpl regarding what
they might do with themselves in accordance with
what is fair. For Allah is All-Aware of what you do.
And no sin is committed by youpl if you give a
235
hint about engagement to (the widowed) women or if
you keep it within yourselves. Allah already knew
that you would consider (marrying) themg. But do not
meet them secretly unless you have something to
say in accordance with what is fair. And do not
confirm the marriage tie until the term prescribed
is fulfilled. And know that Allah knows what is in
your (inner) selves, so beware of Him. And know that
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Forbearing. 236 No sin is
committed by youpl if you divorce women before
having touchedh themi nor appointed to them any
marriage obligationj. And compensate them: the
Literally ‘two rounds’.
The mothers.
Qc
ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “No mother is (supposed to be) harmed on account of her child . . .”
Ibn Kathir, Abu
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
Qe
Ibn Kathir read it as: “. . . what youpl have come up with . . .”
f
The pronoun is plural feminine, denoting that it means ‘the widows’.
g
Literally ‘mention them’.
h
In sexual intercourse.
Qi
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . before having touched each other . . .”
j
Dowry.
a
b
25
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
û h
i h h h hi ğ
h ğ `ğ h= l Aźm ųi hŰŠ‹
x Űńh Kź
f ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
`j? űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Gĵ
ŶŁ ƅ Ϭ űžj
b
h
q h h ğ ih l i ûh û ğ i Ġ h h ûh h hm h k i i ûğ h
ô ĹŘɆ
ŋj Ŧ ŴŹɉ Aźŗŋj ŧȩ b= ŴŸźŏųȩ űɉ ĵŲ ;ĵŏjȿů‹ űļŪŰŚ
h ûiû hh h ii hh
h
iû hh ğ i ikhh
ˋüšh ŠɮŲh ÿiaKi ʼnh ũ Ǜ
j j Ūųɉ‹ ȇb ÿaKʼnũ jşjŎźųɉ‹ ȇ ŴŸźšjļŲb
hh ĝ h
i ûğ
û hû
h ȿ jŏŅû ųi û ɉ‹ ȇ
ĵŪń [b
ŴjŲ Ŵğ Ÿźųi ļi ŪŰŚh `˯ ϭ ǻ
j
ˌ j ŋi šųɉĭjķ
i h q h h h û h h
h h h
i
ĵŲh ťŕjû ŶŦ ĹŘɆŋj Ŧ Ŵğ Źi ɉ űû ļi ŗŋh Ŧ ʼnû ũbh Ŵğ ŸźŏĠ ųh ȩ `= Ůj ĸû Ȱ
h mğ
h h i
ğ l i
ûi
û h
Ci ʼnh Ūȭ Āj aʼnj žh j Ȩ djȑ‹ Aźh ŧšû Ȭh bû = `źŧšû Ȭh `= ƅj? űû ļi ŗŋh Ŧ
h
h û hû li h h hh Š h ûğ i hûh lm i û h hh
ŮŘŧů‹ AźŏȿĻ ƅb c
ˏ j Ǿj kȍ‹
ô źŪļŰj ɉ Bŋũ= Aźŧšȩ `=b G
hh l i h
h i h û h h hğ ğ û i hûh
f ŕj hķ `ź
ȇ AźŞŧj Š ɖ
Ϯ Ǟ
Űųšȩ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹ `j? űô ȲŶɀķ
l
û h
ğ bh DŠʆh hŰŕɉ‹
ğ
h ȽjŶŠɥh jĬğ j AźɊź
i ũi bh żŠ śh Ŏû źi û ɉ‹ j CźŠ Űh ŕɉ‹
`jıŦ ϯ ǻ
j
j
h hğ l i i û h û i h mh h q h û i ûh e h h û i û
AbŋŬJĭŦ űļŶjŲ= AJjıŦ ðĵȫĵĸŬK b= ƅĵŁŋj Ŧ űļŧjŇ
ĵųh Ŭ Ĭ‹
h ihûh l i i h ûh ğ i hğ h
h ğ
h ȑ‹ğ bh ϰ `ź
ųŰšȩ AźŵźȲĻ űɉ ĵŲ űȲųŰŠ
`źû Ŧźh ļh Ȭi ŴŽj
h
k
h e hğ
q ğ h q Šh û h h i h h h û i
hû
Ǔj? ĵšŠɮŲ űŹj Ł
j b ĵŁɩL= `bKŊɆb űȲŶjŲ
j Š ɩLƁj ĹžŔ
h
i h h h h i h h û h h û h h û h û h û hû
ŶŁ ƆŦ ŴŁŋŇ `jıŦ FA
Ǎj űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Gĵ
ˏ p ŋŇj? ǞȮ ^j źơ‹
i h m hûhh h
i ğ ‹bh [bŋi šû Ųğ ŴjŲ Ŵğ Ź jŏŧŵ
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh Ĭ
ϱ űžj
= Ǎj ŴŰšȯ ĵŲ
p
ˍ
j
j
h
hğ û
û hû i h h
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉ‹ ȇh ĵŪĝ ńh [b
ϲ ǻ
j
j ŠʂŰśh ųi Űj ɉbh
ˌ j ŋi šųɉĭjķ ü şŠɮŲ ĺ
h i h i ğ h
h
i h i ğ i k h i h Šh h
ϳ `źŰjŪšû ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů ĀjŷjļŠɔA;h űû Ȳů Ĭ‹
ǻj ȼŽ ūj ɉɶŬ
i
l
f i i
h
h
h h ğ h hh ûhh
ȑ‹ Ǔj? ŋĻ űɉɁø
Kh Ŋńh [źɉɁ űû Ÿbh űjû Ÿŋj Š ɔjI ŴjŲ AźŁi ŋh Ň ŴŽj
h
ih hğ ğ û iŠh û ğ i l i i iğ i ih h h h û hû
`j? űô Źɱń= űȪ AźĻźɊ Ĭ‹ űŹɉ ^ĵŪȯ D
bȑ Ĭ‹
j źųɉ‹
h
hh û h
h i û h
û ğ Šh h
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
j ğȍ‹ ȇ Ůg ŘŦ
ϴ `bŋi ŭŒhȹ ƅ Mĵ
= ŴȲ
j ɧb Mĵ
l i h h
û h ğ
h
h ğ `ğ h= l Aźm ųi Űh Š‹
x ŰŠh şž
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ‹
b jĬ‹ Ůž
ϵ űžj
j j ȼŎ Ǎj AźŰjļŠɥb
ğ h
h h h h
i û
e h hğ
ÿm Ȕi ÿŷi ŧšj Š ɼži ȯ ĵŶq ŏh ńh ĵŗŋû ũ Ĭ‹
Pŋj ŪȬi djȑ‹ AJ ŴŲğ
i
h
i h
i û iğ h qh h q h û h
϶ `źši Łh ŋû Ļ jŷûȎ˯ ři ŕö ĸû Ɇh bh ŖjĸŪȬh Ĭ
‹b ô CǞjĿŬ ĵȯĵšŗ=
l i h û Ģ h i ûh
h Ģh û m h ü h hû h hh ûhh
ü
Aźɉĵũ Jj ? ƽźɊ ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ķ ŴŲj Ƅ
j ųɉ‹ Ǔj? ŋĻ űɉɁ
wealthy according to his means, and the poor
according to his means—a compensation in
accordance with what is fair, a duty upon those who
excel in doing good. 237 But if youpl divorce them
before having touched them and you have already
appointed them an appointed sum, then (give them)
half of what you have appointed—unless they
waive it or the one in whose hand is the marriage
contract waives it. But to waive it is nearer to
mindfulness (of God). And do not forget grace among
yourselves. Indeed, Allah is All-Seeing of what you
do. 238 Preservepl the prayers and the middle prayer,
and stand devout before Allah. 239 But if youpl are in
fear, then (pray) on foot or while riding. Then when
you feel secure, remember Allah as He has taught
you what you did not know. 240 Moreover, those of
you (men) who are taken at death and leave spouses
behind—(let them bequeath) a bequesta for their spouses
with compensation for a year without eviction (from
the husband’s residence). But if they depart, then no sin
is committed by youpl regarding what they have
done with themselves in accordance with what is
fair. For Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. 241 And for
divorced women there is a compensation in
accordance with what is fair—a duty upon the
mindfulpl. 242 Allah thus makes His signs evident to
youpl, that you may reason. 243 Have yousg not seen
those who departed their homes by the thousands,
for fear of death? So Allah said to them, “Die,” then
He revived them. Most surely, Allah is Gracious
towards mankind, but most of mankind do not
thank. 244 And combat pl in the way of Allah, and
know that Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 245
Who is it that will lend Allah a good loan? (So) that
He may multiply it for him manifoldb, for Allah
withholds and extends, and to Him you pl are
returnedc. 246 Have yousg not seen the chiefs of the
Children of Israel after Moses, when they said to a
prophet of theirs, “Appoint a king for us, and we
will combat in the way of Allah.”? He said, “Would
you perhaps, in case combat is prescribed upon you,
not combat?” They said, “Why would we not
combat in the way of Allah when we were evicted
along with our children?” But
from our homes
All except Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer, Hafs and Hamza read it as: “. . . and leave spouses behind—a bequest (is ordained upon
them) for their spouses with compensation . . .”
Qb
All except for ʻAsem, Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “Who is it that will lend Allah a good loan (so) that He may
multiply it for him manifold? For Allah withholds and extends . . .”
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . youpl return.”
Qa
26
Part 2. The Cow
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
ûh h h ğ
û ŠhĠ q h hh û h û i iğ k h
h
ŮŸ ^ĵũ ðjĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj Ůjļʂŵ Ǿj ŰɊ ĵȍ ĽšȨ‹ űŹɉ Ʊ
p j jȍ
h
l i h l i hi ğ i û i h h h i
iû h
ĵŲh bh Aźɉĵũ Aźð ŰjļŠʂĻ ƅɁ ^ĵļh jŪů‹ űi Ȳžû ŰŠ Ķ
j ļŬ `j? űû ļɀŏh Š
h h
û i h ğ
h Ǎ Ůh j ļŠʂh iŵ ƅğ Ɂh m ĵhȍh
ĵŵŋj Š ɔjI ŴjŲ ĵŶh Łû ŋj Ň= ʼnû ũbh jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
j
j j
ğ
q
l
û
ğ
i
h
h
h
h h i ğ h h ðĵh m h û h h
űô û Źi Ŷjû Ųk Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? Aźû ůźh Ļ ^ĵļh jŪů‹ űi Źj žû ŰŠ Ķ
j ļŬ ĵųŰŦ ŶjɋĵŶȨɁb
h hğ ğ û i Ġ h û ih h h h
ğ üi h i ğ h
h ųjۊɾůĭ
`j? űŹžjȼŵ űŹɉ ^ĵũb Ϸ ǻ
ʼnû ũ Ĭ‹
j
j ķ űžj ŰŠ Ĭ‹b
h
ğ l
h i h û i h h hh
i û û h i i
Š Ɂ Aźm i ɉĵhũ ôǾjq ŰɊh Dź
ɉĵŚ űȲů ĽšȨ
ūŰųi ɉ‹ Ȕi `źȲhŽ ƭ
û h k qh h h ûi ûhh iû
û iû Ġ h h i ûh h hûh h
h
j Űųɉĭjķ Ũń= ŴƗb ĵŶžŰŠ
ˏ ^ĵ
j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ĹšŎ DİŽ űɉb ŷŶjŲ ū
û û
q h û h ih h h û i ûh h iŠ h h û hğ ğ h h
űj Űjšů‹ Ǎj Ĺśŏȵ ÿaIALb űȲžŰŠ ŷƋŧśŔ‹ Ĭ‹ `j? ^ĵũ
h û i ûi iğ h û û h
i ğ bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh ÿŷi ŭ
x ŰŠh şjf ŎŠɩh Ĭ‹
űžj
ŰɊ Șj İŽ Ĭ‹b ˌűj ŏƠ‹
ô
j b
û
h
û
h
h
h ğ
h
h
i h h m
i iķĵȋ‹
ğ űi Ȳ
Dź
žjȩįŽ `= Ājŷŭ
j ŰɊi ĹhŽA;h `j? űû Źi žĠ j ȼŵ űû Źi ɉ ^ĵũbh ϸ
i Š h i i h h hh ğ k x ğ hh û i kğ k x h h
^A;h bh ƽź
Ɋ ^A; ]ŋĻ ĵųjɊ ĹžjŪɅb űȲjɅK ŴjŲ ĹŶžjŭŎ jŷžjȯ
ğ
q
ğ i h Ģh hû i i ûh h iŠh
h h
i
ųɉ‹ ŷŰųj ƕ `bŋɪ
`j? űû Ȳů ĹhŽ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? ô ĹŭjɌˁ
û
h
h
ğ
i i ɉĵŚh Ůh ŕh hŦ ĵųğ hŰhŦ Ϲ ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭi
i ķ Dź
`j? ^ĵũ jIźŶi Ơĭ
j
hh
h h h hh i hûi hğ
ŴŲh bh ƴjjk Ų ōh ûɀŰŦ ŷi Ŷjû Ų Bh Ǩ
j Ŵųȯ ŋp ŹŶjķ űȲžj ŰļĸŲ Ĭ‹
ğ k
h i hhh û
m j Ų ÿŷi ğŵjıhŦ ŷi ųû šh śû Ȭh űû ůğ
Ȯ‹ Ŵj Ųh ƅj? ƴj
Āj ôaʼnj žh j Ȩ ˬŦŋû ţ [Ǜ
q h ğ iû l i h h
h Łh ĵųğ hŰhŦ űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk Ɔžj
h ȑ‹ğ bh źh Ÿi ÿiaLh bĵ
ŴŽj
Űũ ƅj? ŷŶjŲ AźɅǬ
ô
j Ŧ
û h hh
h l i h
l
h i
Āj ôajIźŶi Łi bh DźɉĵhƎj _h źû hȎ‹ ĵhȍ ĹũĵŚh ƅ Aźɉĵũ ÿŷi šh Ųh AźŶi ŲAh ;h
h h
ğh h i h ğ h h
ğ l ih
h
Ĺg Űžj Űũ pĹĴjh Ŧ ŴjŲk űȱ jĬ‹ AźŪŠʄŲĠ űŹi ȫɁ `źŶĠ ŞȬh ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ^ĵũ
h
ğ h h i ğ h ğ û üh h h q h û h h h
h ǚŠɻů‹
ĵųğ ɉbh Ϻ ŴɆ
şŲ Ĭ‹b ñjĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ CǞjĿŬ ĹĴj Ŧ ĺĸŰţ
jj
h
û û mhğh l i h
h i hj l i hh
q û Ŕh ĵŶh žû hŰŠh T
ŋj Ŧ= ĵŶɅK Aźɉĵũ Āj ajIźŶi Łi bh DźɉĵƠ
AbLŋķ
ˊǚ
h
h û
hû hh hû i h hh hû û khh
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
ϻ ŴɆ
ů‹ _j źû Ūů‹ ȇ ĵŵDz
ŵ‹b ĵŶŲAʼnũ= ĺjĸȪb
j
û
h
h i h i i h hhhh ğ
i
i ğ ŷi Š ƋhĻA;h bh Dź
Ĭ‹
ɉĵŁ IÿbAI ŮļȰb jĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ űŸźɊi Ōh Źh ȯ
ğh h û û
ûh h h m h
ğ
h û û
jĬ‹ şi ȯI ƅźû ɉbh ñ ;i ĵŒhȹ ĵųjğ Ɋ ÿŷi ųh ŰŠbh Ĺųh ŭj ơ‹bh ūŰųi ɉ‹
when combat was prescribed upon them, they
turned away, except for a few of them. For Allah is
All-Knowing of the unjustpl. 247 Thus their prophet
said to them, “Indeed, Allah has sent you Taluta as
a king.” They said, “How can he have authority over
us when we are more worthy of authority than he,
for he was not brought abundance of wealth?” He
said, “Allah has chosen him over you and has
increased him in knowledge and build.” Thus Allah
brings His authority to whomever He wills, for
Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing. 248 And their
prophet said to them, “Indeed, the sign of his
authority is that the arkb shall come to you with
tranquility from your Lord, and relics left by
Moses’s folk and Aaron’s folk. (It shall be) carried by
the angels. In that is a sign for you, if you have been
believers.” 249 So when Taluta set out with the troops,
he said, “Allah will indeed be testing you with a
river. So whoever drinks from it does not belong
with me, but whoever does not taste it does belong
with me—except for whoever scoops up a scoopfulc
with his hand.” Yet they drank from it, except for a
few of them. Then when he had crossed it together
with those who had attained faith with him, they
said, “We have no strength to face Galutd and his
troops today.” Those expecting to meet Allah said,
“How many a small battalion has overcome a large
battalion by Allah’s leave, for Allah is with the
patient ones.” 250 And when they confronted Galutd
and his troops, they said, “Our Lord, pour down
patience upon us and strengthen our foothold and
support us against the denying people.” 251 So they
defeated them by Allah’s leave when David killed
Galut d , and Allah brought him authority and
wisdom and taught him as He willed. And were it
not for Allah repellinge some people by means of
others, the earth would indeed become corrupted,
but Allah is Gracious to all realms. 252 Those are
Allah’s signsf which We read to you in truth, for you
are most surely one of the emissaries. 253 Those
messengers—we favored some of them over others
of them: to some of them Allah spoke (directly), and
Saul.
b
Of the covenant.
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . scoops up a (single) scoop with his hand.”
d
Goliath.
Qe
Nafieʻ, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “And were it not for Allah strongly repelling some people . . .”
f
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
a
27
PART 3. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
i h ğ ğ Šh h i h û
h û h
û
h hğ
bJ Ĭ
‹ ŴȲ
j ɧb P˱Ɓ‹ D
j ʼnŏh ŧů Ŗp šĸh j ķ űŹi ŘšȨh Mĵğȍ‹
hh û h
h h h h i h ğ i Šh h h û
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ ȇ
Ůg ŘŦ
ūžû ŰŠ ĵŸźŰļû ȫ jĬ‹ ĺ
ɔA; ūŰj Ļ ϼ ǻ
j
û ğ h i Ġ h û
h ğ k hû
h ŰŎh ŋû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵh ųhɉ ū
ĵŶh ŰŘŦ ŮŎi ŋɉ‹
ūŰj Ļø Ͻ ǻj
ŵ˯ Ũ
ˏ j ơĭjķ
j
h iğ hğh ğ iûk
h
û h Š h h űû Źi Řh šû Ȩh
űû Źi Řšû Ȩh şh ȯKh bh ðĬ
‹ űǿ ŴŲ űŹŶjŲ Ŗ
ˎ p šȨ ȇ
h h
h hh
h û
hûh
h û
h
ŷi Šɓʼnû ğŽɁbh ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊ‹ űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋ Ŵh Ȩ‹ ƿɀjŠ ĵŶɀĻA;h bh ĺ
ˏ p Š ɕKI
û h iğ hm h ûh h
i i û j ŋi ķ
h ȑ‹ğ Ůh ļh ļh Ȱ‹
űjŸʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ŴŽj
ĵŲ Ĭ‹ ;ĵő źɉb M
ˍ j ʼnŪů‹ Gb
j
û
l
h
m
h
h
i û
i Šɰh žk hȊ‹ űi Źi ȩû ;h ĵŁh ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k
űŹi Ŷû ųj Ŧ AźŧŰļh ҋ Ŵj Ȳ
j Š ɧbh ĺ
j
l i hh û h iğ hm h ûh h h h h
AźŰļļȰ‹ ĵŲ Ĭ‹ ;ĵő źɉb ô ŋŧȱ ŴŲğ űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû Ųğ
lm i h h h ğ h Ġh h
i ŋiŽ ĵŲh Ůi šh ŧû Ȭh Ĭ‹
h ğ Ŵğ Ȳ
Š ɧh bh
Ģ Ͼ ʼnɆ
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
j
j
ğ x ûh h ûh h ûh k i hûh h ğ l i h
x
û
h
jŷžjȯ şžȨ ƅ _źŽ ƫj įŽ `= Ůj ĸȰ ŴjŲ űȲŠɰũLK ĵųjɊ AźŪjŧŵ=
h i Š ğ i i h i Š h û h x h Šh h h h x ğ i h h
i ğ ‹ Ͽ `ź
Ĭ
ųj Űɾů‹ űŸ `bŋjŧʃů‹b ñ Ĺšʁő ƅb ĹŰŇ ƅb
ği x û h h h x h i i i û h h i Ġ h û Ġ h û h i ğ h Š h m h
ÿȔ ô _źŵ ƅb ĹŶjŎ ÿaŊŇįĻ ƅ ô _źžŪů‹ ƻů‹ źŸ ƅj? ŷɧj? ƅ
hû
h h Š ʆh Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
h Š şi ŧh Œû h ȹ djȑ‹ğ AJh ŴŲh P˱
ğ Ǎ ĵŲh
ÿm iaʼnŶj
j
ˍ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲb D
j
h
h
û
h i i h û i h h hh û û hûh h ihû h û ğ
`źśžj
Ƙ ƅb ðűŹŧŰŇ ĵŲb űŹj ŽjʼnŽɁ ǻȨ ĵŲ űŰšȬ ĀjôŷjŵJjıjȨ ƅj?
h
h h ğ ŷi žjĠ Ŏŋû Ŭi şjh Ŏbh ;h m ĵőh ĵųh ķ ƅğ ? mĀjŷųûŰjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ;ǀ
D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
p û jȵ
ô
j j j
h h hû h
û
mh
i
i Şj šh ûů‹ ǔ
Ġ j šh ů‹ źh Ÿi bh ô ĵųh Źi Şi ŧû ń
ƅ Ѐ űž
j ÿiaIźnZi hŽ ƅbh P˱
ð Ɓ‹b
h kh û h i û Ġ h ğhğ h
i û
k
h hû
ŋû ŧȲhŽ Ŵųh ȯ ônj
j ů‹ ŴjŲ ʼnőŋɉ‹ ǻȼĻ ʼnũ ˌŴŽj
j Ȑ‹ Ǎj aAŋŬj?
û
û h h ûh û
hh ğ
i ğ
û
Š h Ȫû źi ɉ‹ j Cbh ŋû ši ůĭjķ ū
ǐ
ŏųļŎ‹ ʼnj Ūȯ jĬĭjķ Ŵü Ųj İɆi bh Dź
j ŤŠɽůĭjķ
h ŕh ŧŵ‹ ƅh
i ğ Ё űžj
i ğ bh ñĵŹh h ɉ _ĵ
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ‹
h ȑ‹ğ ȠĠ bh Ĭ‹
f ŰŠh şž
ŴŽj
j
j
lm i h h h ğ h Ġ h
ûi l ih
hi Ġ
k
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹b ˌjKźȍ‹ Ǔj? ĺ
j Š ʅŰŞů‹ Ŵjh Ų űŹi Łi ŋj ƞ AźŶŲA;h
Ġ h
h i ûi i iŠ ğ i i imh ûh
h iŰŞů‹
k űŹi ȫź
Ġ
h
Š
ĺ
ʅ
Ǔ
?
Kź
ȍ‹
Ŵj
Ų
Łŋj ƞ DźŤɽů‹ űŸ>ĵȎj b=
j j
ˍj
h
h h h
h i Šh h û i ğ i Šh û h h Ģhli
Ǔj? ŋh Ļ űû ɉɁ Ђ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjKĵȍ‹ ĶɳŔ= ūjɌʤb=
ğ
h h û h û iû iğ iŠ h h û h m k h h hû ğ m h
^ĵũ Jj? ūŰųɉ‹ Ĭ‹ ŷƋĻA; `= ĀjŷjɅK Ǎj űāZjŸŠɷķj? Fĵń djȑ‹
some of them He elevated by degrees. And Wea
brought Jesus, son of Mary, the evident proofs, and
We aided him with the Holy Spirit. And had Allah
willed, those who succeeded them would not have
fought one another after the evident proofs had
come to them, but they disputed—for some of them
attained faith and some of them denied. For had
Allah willed, they would not have fought one
another, but Allah does what He wants. 254 O you
who have attained faith, spend from what We have
provided for you before there comes a day in which
there is neither trading nor close friendship nor
intercession, for the deniers are the unjust. 255
Allah—there is no god but He, the Living, the AllSustaining. Neither slumber overtakes Him nor
sleep. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens
and whatever is in the earth. Who is it who can
intercede with Him except by His leave? He knows
what is before them and what is behind them, and
they do not encompass any of His knowledge except
according to what He wills. His knowledgeb has
embraced the heavens and the earth, and their
preservation does not fatigue Him, for He is the
All-High, the Great. 256 (There shall be) no compulsion
in religion; prudence has henceforth become
distinct from delusion. So whoever denies false
masters and attains faith in Allah, then he has truly
grasped the firmest handhold which never fractures.
For Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 257 Allah is
the Ultimate Guardian of those who have attained
faith; He brings them out of the darkness(es) into the
light, while those who have denied—their guardians
are the false masters; they bring them out of the
light into the darkness(es). Those are the fellows of
the Fire; therein they abide. 258 Have yousg not seen
the one who debated Abrahamc about his Lord—
that Allah had given him authority? Recall when
Abrahamc said, “My Lord is the One Who gives life
and causes death.” He said, “I give life and cause
death.” Abrahamc said, “But surely, Allah brings
the sun from the East, so you bring it from the
West.” Thus the denier was confounded, for Allah
does not guide the unjustpl. 259 Or like the one who
and it was completely devastated
passed by a town
upon its trellises. He said, “How can Allah revive
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Literally ‘His seat’.
Qc
Though pronounced in Arabic as Ibrahim, Hisham and Ibn Zekwan in one of his narrations read it as: “Abraham”.
a
b
28
PART 3. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
i ųj Ɇi bh Āƻû iŽ djȑ‹ğ ȗ
i Ųi=bh ĀƸû i= ú ĵhŵɁh ^ĵh hũ ĺž
h k Kh űi āZjŸŠɷh ûķj?
ðĺžj
j
j
j
ûh
û
h
ğ
ğ
û hû h
ğ
h h
û
i hû h h
D
j įŦ \j Ǭ
j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ōj ųŒɉĭjķ ƫj įŽ Ĭ‹ `jıŦ űāZjŸŠɷķj? ^ĵũ
ğ h ih
h iğ h h h h
û hû h h
djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
b ñ ŋŧȱ djȑ‹ ĺ
Źj ĸȯ B
j ŋj Ťųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ĵŹjķ
ğ h h
f h h h h û h Šh h ğ h
ğ hû hû
h ųjۊɾů‹
ĹɆh jbĵŇ Ǘ
j b Ĺp Ɇŋũ ȇ ŋɊ djȑĭŬ bû = Ѓ ǻ
_źŪů‹
j
h
h
ğ h h h i i Šh h
h h
i ğ j aŊj Šɪh Āƻû iŽ ƭ
ŷi ĻĵŲh įŦ ðĵŹjh Ļźû Ɋh ʼnh šû Ȩh Ĭ‹
j Š Ɂ ^ĵũ ĵŹjőbŋŠ ȇ
h h h ihh h ğ i h hhl iğ
h Ŀû Ȋh űû ȱ
i Ŀû Ȋh ^ĵh hũ ðĺ
ĵŲe źû hŽ ĺ
^ĵũ ÿð ŷĿšȨ űȪ ˉp ȕ ĹijĵjŲ Ĭ‹
j
j
h h h Šh û i h h h h l h û ğ h h h û h h û h û h
ūjɊĵšŚ Ǔj? ŋŞŵĭŦ ˉp ȕ ĹijĵjŲ ĺĿjȊ Ůķ ^ĵũ ˌpˉźŽ ŖšȨ b=
q
h h û h h h h j Šh û i h û ğ h h h û h h h h h
ĹhŽA;h ūŰšh ł
jȍb ]jKĵƧ Ǔj? ŋŞŵ‹b ðŷŶŏȽŽ űɉ ūjķAǨb
h û h i h i i hûh j h û h û i h
ğ k
ĵŸźŏi Ȳŵ űğ Ȫ ĵŸǭȿ
j ŵ ťžŬ _ĵŞjšů‹ Ǔj? ŋŞŵ‹b Mĵ
ˌ j ŶŰj ů
k i Šh h h ğ ğ h i h û h h h i h h ğ h h ğ h h q ûh
x ʼnhũ ;p ƾ
û h ȁ
Ĭ‹ `= űŰŠ= ^ĵũ ÿȔ ǻȼĻ ĵųŰŦ ô ĵųơ
ŋŽj
j ȇ
h k h
h h h û hû ûi hûh
û
i āZjŸŠɷh ûķ? ^ĵh hũ J˯
Š źųɉ‹ ƻ
^ĵũ ˌȘ
Ļ
ť
ž
Ŭ
Ț
K
=
B
K
ű
Є
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jj
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k
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h
ûi
ŊňŦ ^ĵũ ˌƱj Űũ Ŵğ j Ɍųh śû hȎj ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh ǔŠ hķ ^ĵũ ˌŴŲj İĻ űû ɉbh =
k i Šh h û h û ğ i h û h ğ i û i h û ğ h k q h h û h
Ůp ĸh Łh ȁ
j ȇ ŮšŁ‹ űȪ ūȎj? ŴŸDzŦ Ǟ
j śů‹ ŴjŲ ĹšɅK=
û
h
û h qû h h h h ğ i i û ği qû i ğ iûk
h ğ ‹ `ğ = űû hŰŠ‹
Ĭ
b ô ĵžšŎ ūŶɀj ĻįŽ ŴŹȭI‹ űȪ ˊ;ŌŁ ŴŹŶjŲ
h i i h ğ ihğ
h Ǎ űû Źi h ɉŠ ʆh Ųû h= `ź
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh
Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
ŪjŧŶŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŮĿŲ Ѕ űžj
j
j
j j
h h h hû h û hh h ğh hh h ğ
ihl k hi i ki
ĹijĵjŲ pĹŰĸ˪Ŏ ȁ
j Ǎj ŮjķĵŶŎ şĸŎ ĺļĸ˩= Ĺg ĸń Ůj ĿųŬ jĬ‹
i ğ bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ Ŵųjh ɉ ťi jšŠɼh iŽ Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh ˍĹĸğ ńh
f ŰŠh şjf ŎŠɩh Ĭ‹
І űžj
p
ô
h
m h h i ûi h ğ i ğ
h
û ih h û h i i h ğ
ĵŲ `źšjĸȽŽ ƅ űȪ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj űŹɉŠʆŲ= `źŪjŧŶŽ ŴŽjȑ‹
f h h
h h
h Š űû Ÿi ŋi Łû h= űû Źi ğ ɉ cJq h= mƅh bh ĵŶkq Ųh l AźŪi ŧŵ
[źû Ň ƅbh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh ʼnŶj
=
hh
x iû ğ xûh
h i ûh i h
xǞû Ňh fCŋh jŧŤû Ųh bh [b
ŋšŲ ^źũø Ї `źŵŌh Ƙ űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ
h h
i ğ ‹bh cJq h= m ĵŹh ši ĸh ûȽhŽ Ĺhũʼnh Ŕh ŴjŲk
x Űńh ƴ
Ğ ţh Ĭ
Ģ Ј űžj
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
p
ñ
j
hû h k hû
h
l
l
i
h
h
i Š h h
ih
ûi
h ȑ‹ğ
Š JƁ‹b Ŵųɉĭjķ űȲ
c
j ļɥʼnŔ AźŰśj ĸȩ ƅ AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
j
ğ h
mh ih h i i
ğ i ûi hh
h û bh jĬĭ
j ğȍ‹ ;h ĵijjK ÿȔĵ
_j źû Ȏ‹
Ų ŨjŧŶŽ djȑĭŬ
j ķ ŴjŲİŽ ƅb Mĵ
this after its death?” Thereupon Allah caused him
to die for a hundred years and then resurrected him.
He said, “For how long have you tarried?” He said,
“I have tarried for a day or part of a day.” He said,
“Rather, you have tarried for a hundred years. And
look at your food and your drink—it has not
spoiled—and look at your donkey. And We will
make you a sign for mankind. And look at the
bones—how We assemblea them, then clothe them
with flesh.” So when it became evident to him, he
said, “I knowb that Allah is All-Powerful over
everything.” 260 And recall when Abrahamc said,
“My Lord, show me how You revive the deadpl.” He
said, “Have you not attained faith?” He said, “Yes
indeed, but that my heart may become serene.” He
said, “So take four birds and bend them towards
youd, then place on every mountain a part of them,
then call them and they will come to you, running.
And know that Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.” 261
The parable of those who spend their wealths in the
way of Allah is that of a grain that has germinated
seven ears; in each ear are a hundred grains. For
Allah multiplies for whom He wills. And Allah is
All-Embracing, All-Knowing. 262 Those who spend
their wealths in the way of Allah and then do not
follow up what they have spent with any remindere
or any harm—their reward is with their Lord, and
no fearf shall be upon them nor shall they grieve. 263
A kind word and forgiveness are better than a
donation followed by hurtfulness. For Allah is SelfSufficient, Forbearing. 264 O you who have attained
faith, do not nullify your donations with reminders
and hurtfulness, like one who spends his wealth for
show in front of people and does not believe in
Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is that of a
smooth rock with dust upon it, then a heavy rain
struck it and left it bare. Theyg have no power to
retain anything of what they have earned. For Allah
does not guide the denying people. 265 And the
parable of those who spend their wealths seeking
Allah’s pleasure and the affirmation of their (inner)
selves is that of a garden on a hilltop struck by
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . how We revivify them,”
Qb
Hamza and Al-Kesa’i read it as: “So when it became evident to him, He said, “Know that . . .”
Qc
Though pronounced in Arabic as Ibrahim, Hisham and Ibn Zekwan in one of his narrations read it as: “Abraham”.
d
According to Ibn ʻAbbas and other exegetes, ‘bend them’ is a metaphor for ‘cut them’.
e
Of their generosity.
Qf
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
g
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qa
29
PART 3. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
hh x i h h
x
hû h hh h iihhh
ŮjķAbh ÿŷi hķĵŔh įŦ BAŋh Ļ jŷžû ŰŠ `A
g źŧŔ Ůj ĿųŬ ÿŷŰĿųȯ ˌjŋjŇ˖‹
h i ğ h l i h h ğ k û h Šh h h i û h ğ qû h i h h h h
ƅĬ
‹b Aźñ ĸŏŬ ĵųjɊ ;p ƾ ȇ `bKjʼnŪȬ ƅ ðˑȒŔ ÿŷȡǛȯ
h h h i
h û hû hû
h ȑ‹ğ Ůi Ŀh Ųh bh Љ ŴɆ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ _źŪů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh
űi Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = `źŪjŧŶiŽ ŴŽj
j
i h
h h
ğ
h h mh û
q ĸûȾhĻbh jĬ‹
Ĺģ Ŷğ Łh Ůj Ŀųh Ŭ űû Źj jŏŧŵ= Ŵjû Ųk ĵļɀ
Dĵ
j ŗŋû Ɋ ;h ĵŤjļķ‹
j
ğ h ûhû
h i i û h hh x h hh h h hûh
h
űû ů `jıŦ ǻ
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Ź
Űȱ= ĺĻĵnZŦ ŮjķAb ĵŹȨĵŔ= ˅g źɅŋjķ
ŧ
š
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j
j
h
h i h û h h i ğ h xk h h x h h û i
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Űųšȩ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹b ñ Ůśȯ ŮjķAb ĵŹĸŕj Ž
h
ğ k x ğ h ih h i h h û i i h h
û h
ûh
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djŋƏ Bĵ
p Ŷȭ=b Ůžj
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h
h i hûh û h ûh
ki
iŷhķĵŔh =bh D
h
i
Šj ɷh ųh ğȌ‹ ȁ
j ŴjŲ ĵŹžjȯ ÿȔ ŋŠʇŵƁ‹ ĵŹjļƕ ŴjŲ
h Ŕh hįhŦ ;i m ĵŧh šh ŗi xĹɆğ Kk Ji ÿȔi h bh ǚj
i h ŭûů‹
xKĵhŵ jŷžjȯ xKĵŕh Šû ? m ĵŹh Ȩĵ
j
j
i ğ h h Šh
i h i ğ i k h i h Šh h û h h h û h
ûűȲ
i
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j ɔ˖‹ űȲů Ĭ‹ ǻj ȼŽ ūj ɉɶŬ ñĺũǛńĭŦ
l i h l ih h ğ h Ġh h
h i ğ hhh
h
Ģ Ћ `b
ŋŭŧļȩ
ĵŲh ĺ
ȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
j Šɭjžk Śh ŴjŲ AźŪjŧŵ= Aźm ŶŲA;h ŴŽj
h û k i h h û û h m ğ h û iû h h
l i ğhh hh
Aźųųžȩ ƅb P˱
ˌ j Ɓ‹ Ŵjh Ų űȲů ĵŶŁŋh Ň= ĵųjɊb űļȼŏŬ
l i ûi h mğ
h h i i û h hû
AźŘųj Ťȩ `= ƅj? jŷŽjŊŇ
j ˲ űļi ŏû ɉbh `źŪjŧŶĻ ŷi ŶjŲ ĽžjĸƢ‹
ğ
û h
i
f Ƨh ƴ
h ğ `ğ h= l Aźm ųi hŰŠ‹
Ğ ţh Ĭ‹
űi ȱʼni šj hŽ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ Ќ ʼnžj
b jŷˏ žjȯ
j
û
q û
i
i i i hh h ûhû
û ŧh ûůĭķ űȱ
i ğ bh j;mĵŒh Ņ
ŷi Ŷjû Ųk Cŋh jŧŤŲğ űȱʼni jšhŽ Ĭ‹
ŋɊįɆb ŋŪŧů‹
ˌ
j
û
m hh h hh û
ûi
x h f h iğ h q û hh
ô ;i ĵŒȹ ŴŲ Ĺųŭj ơ‹ Șj İŽ Ѝ űžj ŰŠ şjŎŠɩ Ĭ‹b ñ ƆŘŦb
m ğ i ğ ğ h h h q h qû h h i û h h h h û û h ûi h h
ƅj? ŋŬŊŽ ĵŲb ñˊǞjĿŬ ˊǞŇ Șb
j = ʼnŪȯ Ĺųŭj ơ‹ DİŽ ŴŲb
h
ûh h m
hhğ
i hh
h ûůhƁ‹û l Aźiɉbl i=
Š
ŴjŲk űĻKû Ŋŵ bû = Ĺg Ūŧȫ ŴjŲk űļi Ūŧŵ= ĵŲh bh Ў Ķ
ɭ
j
h
h
ğ
hh ii ûh hğ ğ h ûğ
h û h Š
`j? Џ Kĵ
g ŕŵ= ŴjŲ ǻųj j ŰɾŰj ɉ ĵŲb ÿñ ŷųŰšȬ Ĭ‹ `jıŦ pKŊŵ
m h iû h i ûi h iûi
h h ğ l ûi
h j ĵųğ jšjŶhŦ ĺ
;h Aŋh Ūŧů‹ ĵŸźĻİĻbh ĵŸźŧƛ `˯ ðǗ
j Š ɥʼnŕɉ‹ Abʼni ĸȩ
i hk h k i h kh i i ğ xûh ih
i ğ bh űû Ȳj
Ĭ‹
ñ ĻĵnZjžŎ ŴjŲ űȲŶŠ ŋi ŧj ȲɆbh űô û Ȳů ǞŇ źh Źȯ
h
h h i ûh
ûğ
h i h hh
Ŵğ Ȳ
j Š ɧbh űû Źi Š ƊʼnŸ ūžû ŰŠ ōh ɀůø А xǞjĸŇ `źŰųh šȩ ĵųh j ķ
i h h û h û l i i hh im hh h
i
ûh hğ
ûűȲ
ô jŏŧŵƂj Ŧ Ǟ
p Ň ŴjŲ AźŪjŧŶĻ ĵŲb ñ ;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ djʼnŹȬ Ĭ‹
heavy rain, so it brought forth its crops twofold.
And even if no heavy rain strikes it, then light rain
(is sufficient). For Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.
Would anyone of you like to have a garden of
266
palms and grapevines under which rivers flow,
wherein he has of all kinds of products, but he is
afflicted with old age and he has weak offspring—
then it was struck with a fiery tornado and was thus
burnt? Thus Allah makes the signs evident for youpl,
that you may reflect. 267 O you who have attained
faith, spend of the good things you have earned and
from what We have brought out for you from the
earth, and do not pick the nasty of it to give away,
whereas you yourselves would not take it unless
your eyes were closed to it. And know that Allah is
Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy. 268 Satan promises
youpl poverty and commands you to obscenity,
while Allah promises you forgiveness from
Himself, and grace. For Allah is All-Embracing,
All-Knowing. 269 He brings wisdom to whomever
He wills, and whoever is broughta wisdom, then he
has most surely been brought much good. But none
c o n s t a n t ly r e m e m b e r s e xc e p t t h o s e of
understanding. 270 Thus whatever expenditure youpl
have spent or vow you vow, then indeed Allah
knows it. And the unjust have no supporters. 271 If
youpl disclose donations, then that is excellent. But
if youpl hide them and bring them to the needy, then
that is better for you. And He will remitb your evil
deeds for you. For Allah is All-Aware of what you
do. 272 Their guidance is not yoursg responsibility,
but Allah guides whomever He wills. And whatever
good you pl spend is to your own benefit. And
whatever good you spend shall be to seek Allah’s
Countenance. And whatever good youpl spend will
be repaid to you in full, for you will not be done
injustice. 273 (Donations are) for the poor—those who
are detained (for striving) in the way of Allah, unable
to travel in the land (for livelihood). Anyone ignorant
(of their condition) would think them rich due to their
self-restraint. Yousg recognize them by their mark
(of poverty) —they do not ask from people insistently.
And whatever good youpl spend—Allah is indeed
All-Knowing of it. 274 Those who spend their
wealths by night and day, secretly and publicly—
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and whoever He brings wisdom, then he has most surely been brought much good.
Nafieʻ, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Abu Jaʻfar and Khalaf read it as: “. . . then that is better for you, and We will (also) remit your
evil deeds for you.”
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Shuʻba and Yaʻqub read it as: “then that is better for you. And We will remit your evil deeds for you.”
Qa
Qb
30
PART 3. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
h i i hh
ğ
û Ňh Ŵjû Ų l AźŪi ŧŶiĻ ĵŲh bh jĬ‹
û bh ;h m ĵŤh ļûķ‹ ƅğ ? `ź
Ǟ
j
ŷ
Ł
j
j
ô
j ŪjŧŶĻ ĵŲb
p
h i h û i h û i hh û i ûh ğ hi
h ȑ‹ğ j;mAŋh Ūh ŧi ûŰj ɉ Б `ź
ųŰŞȩ ƅ űļŵ=b űȲȎj? [źŽ
ŴŽj
hû
h i h ûh h ğ
û i=
h Ǎ l AbDz
û h `ź
i
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵɅq ǰ
P˱
šžśj ļŏȹ ƅ jĬ‹ Ůž
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j j
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ğ Ŵjh Ų ;h ĵžjh Ŷţ= ŮjŸĵƠ‹
h űi Źi ĸi ŏh ûƘh
űû Źi Š ʅž jŏjȵ űŹi ȯŋj šȩ ťj ŧšh ȋ‹
q hû h ğ h i h û h h
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ Ǟû Ňh Ŵjû Ų l AźŪi jŧŶiĻ ĵŲh bh ñĵȯĵ
Ĭ
ơj? Mĵȍ‹ `źŰnZŏȹ ƅ
j p
h
ğ
h
h i i h ğ
kq j KĵŹh ğȍ‹bh ŮûȎĭķ űŹi ɉŠʆh Ųû = `ź
f ŰŠh Ājŷķ
ˊǦ
Ūŧj ŶŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ В űžj
j
j
j j
hh û ûh h fû h hh û kh h û i i û h û ihh qh h h h
ƅb űŹj žŰŠ [źŇ ƅb űŹj j ɅK ʼnŶjŠ űŸŋŁ= űŹŰŦ ĹžjȫƆŠb
ğ h i ih h lŠhk h i i ûh h ğ
h ihûh û i
ƅj? `źɊź
ŪȬ ƅ AźɅŋɉ‹
j `źŰȱįŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ Г `źŵŌƘ űŸ
ğ i ih h h
h h k hû h i Š hû ğ i iğ h hh
ūj ɉŠə ō
ô j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ŴɽžŒɉ‹ ŷśĸňļȬ djȑ‹ _źŪȬ ĵųŬ
û iğ ğ h hh lŠh k iû i ûhû h ğ lmi h û i ğh
_h ŋğ ńh bh şh žû hȊ‹ Ĭ‹
Ůń=b Aźñ Ʌŋɉ‹
j ŮĿjŲ şžȊ‹ ĵųȫj? Aźɉĵũ űŹȫɂjķ
hh h h h kğ k x h û h ihm h h h lŠhk
Š ļŵĭŦ ĀjŷjɅK ŴŲj ĹŞjŠźɊ ÿa;ĵŁ Ŵųȯ Aźô Ʌŋɉ‹
ĵŲh ÿŷi ŰŦ ǘ
j
h h hlih h h û hh ğ h mi ûhh hh h
h
û
i
ğ
i
ˌjKĵȍ‹ ĶŠɳŔ= ūjɌʤĢ bįŦ Iȕ ŴŲb ðjĬ‹ Ǔj? ÿaŋɊ=b ťŰŎ
h h ğ
h i Šh h û i
i ğ Ũi Ņh ųû Ȭh Д `b
û i h l h k Ĭ‹
ĺ
Ȓj ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ
ˍ j Š ɥʼnŕɉ‹ ȗj ŋɆb AźŠ Ʌŋɉ‹
j
h
l i h h l ih h h ğ ğ
ğ h ği Ġ i h iğ h
AźŰųj Šb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? Е ˈžj
g Ȫ= Kĵ
g ŧŬ ȁ ĶjƘ ƅ Ĭ‹b
i h h h h ğ lih h h hŠh ğ l i hhh Šh Š ğ
űû Ÿŋi Łû = űû Źi ɉ CźŠ ŬŌɉ‹
AźĻA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźɊĵũ=b ĺ
j ɳj Űɻů‹
h
h
h
h
f
h
h ihû û i h û û h
h
h Š
Ģ h Ж `ź
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ŵŌƘ űŸ ƅb űŹj žŰŠ [źû Ň ƅbh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh ʼnŶj
i Ŭi `? l AźĢ Ʌh ŋɉ‹
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ
k h h hķ ĵŲh l AbKi Jh bh Ĭ‹
űļŶ
j j ŴjŲ ǐ
j
û
ğ
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ
û hƔj l AźiŵJh įhŦ l AźiŰšh ŧû ȩh űû ůğ `ıhŦ З ǻj
ŋ
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk B
j
p
h i i û i hh û iûi
ûh h i
h
j Ŏi Kh bh
;i K űȲŰŦ űļȼĻ `˯ ĀjðȔź
`źųji ŰŞȩ ƅ űû Ȳj ůŠʆh Ųû = Mb
h ih ûi hh
h h ɀû Ųh ǓŠ h ? Cf ŋh Şj Ŷh ȯh p ˅Ǫ
h û Ši bJi `h ǽh `˯ И `ź
ųŰŞȩ ƅb
ˏ p ˅Ǫ
j
l iğ h
h h h i i
i ğ h l i h h
AźŪȩ‹b Й `źųi Űšû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ `j? űû Ȳů xǞû Ň Aźũʼnğ ŕh Ļ `=bh
Ġ i Šğ h i ğ i ğ h
h
i
û ĸh ŏh Ŭh ĵŲğ ōŧû ȫh ȁ
ȝźĻ űȪ ðjĬ‹ Ǔj? jŷžjȯ `źši Łh ŋû Ļ ĵŲq źû hŽ
ĺ
p
h h
h ih ûi h û ih
i hŽAʼnh hĻ AJh ? l Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ К `ź
űļȿ
ųŰŞȬ ƅ űŸb
j
their reward is with their Lord, and no feara shall be
upon them nor shall they grieve. 275 Those who
devour usury cannot standb except as does one who
is being beaten by Satan into insanity. That is
because they said, “Trade and usury are certainly
the same.” But Allah has permitted trade and has
forbidden usur y. Thus, to whomsoever an
admonition came from his Lord, so he refrained
(from usury) —then his past earnings belong to him
and his matter rests with Allah. Yet whoever
reverts—then thosec are the fellows of the Fire;
therein they abide. 276 Allah eliminates usury and
He makes donations grow, for Allah does not love
every sinning relentless denier. 277 Indeed, those
who have attained faith and have done righteous
deeds and have established the prayer and have
broughtd the purifying charitye —their reward is
with their Lord, and no feara shall be upon them nor
shall they grieve. 278 O you who have attained faith,
be mindful of Allah and leave aside what has
remained of usury, if you are believers. 279 But if
youpl do not, then be informedf of a war from Allah
and His Messenger. Yet if you repent, then your
capitals belong to you— (thus) you do no injustice,
and you are not done injustice. 280 But if heg has
hardship, then deferment until a time of ease. But
to donateh it is better for youpl, if you only knew. 281
And be mindful of a dayi when youpl are returnedj
to Allah, then the earnings of every single self are
rendered in full to it, for theyk are not done injustice.
O you who have attained faith, when you transact
282
a debt for a stated term, write it down. And have a
scribe write between you, in fairness. And let no
scribe refuse to write as Allah has taught him. So
let him write, and let the one upon whom is the duty
of paymentg dictate. And let him be mindful of
Allah, his Lord, and defraud nothing of it. But if the
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
On the Day of Resurrection.
c
A grammatical shift from
singular to plural.
d
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
e
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qf
Shuʻba and Hamza read it as: “. . . then inform (everyone) of a war . . .”
g
The debtor.
h
To waive it as charity.
i
Literally ‘guard yourselves against a day’.
Qj
Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . when you return to Allah . . .”
k
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
Qa
b
31
PART 3. THE COW
Surah 2- Al-Baqarah
i h û ğ i û h û h i i i û h kq h Ġ h h Ģ h û h
ü i Ļǽh űû Ȳ
Ķj
Ŷɀķ ĶļŭȎb ôaźĸļȱĭŦ ǖŏŲ Ůp Ł= Ǔj? Ŵg Žʼnjķ
û h h f h h ûh hh û hû
h ļi Ȳ
i ğ ŷi ųh Űğ Šh ĵųh Ŭh Ķ
Ĭ‹
Ž `= Ķj Ļǽ BįŽ ƅb ˏ ^j ʼnšůĭjķ
ô
h
û hûh
û ļi ŭ
h ğ Ũļğ hȎû bh ŨĠ ơ‹
h û jŷžû Űh Šh djȑ‹ğ Ůj Űųû iȎû bh Ķ
žŰŦ
ƅbh ÿŷi Ʌğ Kh Ĭ‹
j
j
hû e h Ġ û û h h
h ûh
h jŷžŰŠ djȑ‹ğ `h ǽh `ıhŦ ô ĵnZq žû őh ŷi Ŷjû Ų ōû ň
b= ĵŹžjŧŎ Ũơ‹
ĸȬ
j
h
h
û û ûh i ğ i
e h
ûhû i
i śj ļh ŏû h ȹ ƅh bû = ĵŧž
šj ŗ
ˏ^j ʼnšůĭjķ ÿŷȎĠ j bh Ůj Űųži ŰŦ źh Ÿ Ůųj Ž `= şž
ğ h i
h i
h Źőh l Abʼni ŹŒû hȽŎ‹
û bh
ĵŵźȲhŽ űû ů `jıŦ ðűû Ȳj ůĵŁh jKk ŴjŲ Ŵj ûŽʼnž
j
j
h mh h Ġ
h û h ûh ğ
hhh û h x i hh ûh i h
h
j
`= ;AʼnŹŒɉ‹ ŴjŲ `źŗŋĻ ŴųjɊ `ĵ
j ĻɁŋɊ‹b ŮŁŋŦ ǻ
j ŰŁK
ûh h h
i
û
k
h
h
h i h û h i h i h û ğ j hĻ
h û
BįŽ ƅbh c
ô Š ŋŇƁ‹ ĵųŹŠƊʼnńj? ŋjŬŊļȯ ĵųŹŠƊʼnńj? ŮŘ
h e h i ii û h h l i h ûh hh l i i h h mh h Ġ
bû = AǞ
jŤŔ aźĸļȲĻ `= Aźm ųnZŏȶ ƅb Aźô ŠI ĵŲ AJj? ;i AʼnŹŒɉ‹
h h e h
ûh ğ h
ûh i h
ğ
Ģ j ? AǞjĸŬ
j Cʼnh Š ʇh ŒŰj ɉ _i źh ũ=bh jĬ‹
ʼnŶjŠ ři ŏh ũ= űû Ȳj ůŠə ĀjôŷjŰŁh = Ǔ
h i i qh h ehŠh h i h h m ğ lmi h ûh ğh Ģh ûhh
ĵŹh ȫbŋŽj
ʼnĻ Cǰĵ
j ń Cŋɲj Ļ `źȲĻ `= ƅj? AźķĵĻŋĻ ƅɁ ƭI=b
lm i û hh h ii û h ğh f h i û i ûh h h ûhh û i hûh
AbʼnŹj ő=b ñĵŸźĸļȲĻ ƅɁ GĵŶŁ űȲžŰŠ ōɀŰŦ űȲŶɀķ
l ih ûh
x h hh x h ğ h i hh ûiûh hh h
AźŰšŧȩ `˯ ʼnž
ô Źj ő ƅb Ķj Ļǽ KĮŘŽ ƅb űô ļšȬĵĸȩ AJj?
i khi hğ l iğ
i
üi i i i ğ h
i ğ bh Ĭ‹
iğ
Ĭ‹
ñ űi Ȳųi j ŰšɆbh ðĬ‹ AźŪȩ‹bh ñűû Ȳjķ \źŏŦ ÿŷŵjıŦ
l i h û h h h h Šh h û i i
x h û h ki
AbʼnƏ
j űɉb ŋp ŧŎ ȇ űļŶŬ `˯ø Л űžj ŰŠ ;g ƾ Ůj Ȳjķ
h û h x h û
h
h h
k h ûh q
i i
Ij İži ŰŦ ĵŘšû Ȩh űȲŘšû Ȩh Ŵjh Ų= `jıŦ ð Ĺŗźĸi ŪŲğ Ŵx Šɪŋj Ŧ ĵĸjq Ļǽ
ğ
û
l iiû h hh iğh hğ
iû
hh
AźųļȲĻ ƅb ÿñ ŷɅK Ĭ‹ Ũj ļğ hȎbh ÿŷi ļh Ŷh Š ɨ= Ŵh ųj Ļ>‹ djȑ‹
û h h h h h Šh ğ
i ğ ‹bh ÿñ ŷi ĸi ûŰhũ űjx ľA;h ÿm ŷi ğŵıhŦ ĵŹh ųû ļi Ȳ
Ž ŴŲb ô CʼnʇŒɉ‹
ĵųh j ķ Ĭ
j
hû
h ihûh
h h Š ʆh Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ğ Ǎ ĵŲh jĬğ j k М űžj
x ŰŠh `ź
P˱
Űųšȩ
j
ˍ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲb D
j
h
h
i m h l iûi
i û hi i iûi û û i
i ğ jŷķ űȲ
ĸjŎĵƘ aźŧƛ b= űȲ jŏŧŵ= Ǎ
ðĬ‹
j ĵŲ Abʼnĸȩ `˯
j
k i Šh h i ğ h i m h h h i k h i h i m h h h i û h h
û h ȁ
;p ƾ
Ĭ‹b ñ ;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ BjŊšɆb ;ĵŒȹ Ŵųj ɉ ŋŧj Ťžȯ
j ȇ
h h i mh i i ğ h h h
f h
ĀjŷjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ jŷûȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵųjķ ^źŎŋɉ‹ ŴŲA; Н ŋŽjʼnũ
i
h Ģh h h ğ h h h Ği h i û iû h
ĀjŷjŰŎi Ki bh Ājŷjĸļi ȡbh ĀjŷjļŭjɌˁ
Ųb jĬĭjķ ŴŲA; ȁ `ź
ô ŶjŲİųɉ‹b
one upon whom is the duty of payment is mentally
deficient or weak or unable to dictate, then let his
guardian dictate with fairness. And call to witness
two of your men, but if the two are not men, then
one man and two women from those whom youpl
approve of as witnesses—so that if one of them
should erra, the other can remind her. And witnesses
must not abstain when called upon. And be not
averse to writing it down, whether small or large (in
value), including its term. That is more just with
Allahb and more upright for testimony and more
likely to make you not doubt—except in the case of
an immediate bargain you conduct among
yourselves—for (then) you commit no sin if you do
not write it down. But (otherwise) let there be
witnesses whenever you trade with one another.
And let no harm befall any scribe or witness, for if
you ever do so, it shall be ungodliness on your part.
And be mindful of Allah, and Allah teaches you,
for Allah is All-Knowing of everything. 283 But if
youpl are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then
a security should be handed over. But if you trust
one another, let the one who was trusted fulfill his
trust, and let him be mindful of Allah, his Lord.
And do not conceal testimony, for whoever conceals
it—indeed, he has a sinful heart. And Allah is AllKnowing of what you do. 284 To Allah belongs
whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the
earth. Hence, whether youpl disclose what is within
your selves or hide it, Allah calls you to account for
it; He then forgives whomever He wills and He
punishes whomever He wills, for Allah is AllPowerful over everything. 285 The Messenger has
attained faith in what was sent down to him from
his Lord, as have the believers. They have all
attained faith in Allah and His angels and His
scripturesc and His messengers: “We make d no
distinction between any of His messengers.” And
they said, “We have heard and obeyed. (Grant us)
Your forgiveness, our Lord, for to You is the
destiny.” 286 Allah does not task any self beyond its
capacity. To its credit is what it has earned, and
against it is what it has committed. “Our Lord, do
if we forget or make a mistake.
not take us to task
Our Lord, and do not burden us with a heavy load
Hamza read it as: “…so that in case one of them errs, the other reminds her.”
That is more just than oral agreements.
Qc
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “scripture”.
Qd
Yaʻqub read it as: “He makes no distinction . . .”
Qa
b
32
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h hûh i hi h
h
l i h
ðĵŶh šû Śh =bh ĵŶh šû ųj Ŏh Aźɉĵũbh ĀjôŷjŰŎi KĠ ŴjŲk ʼnp ńh = ǻ
Ȩ \ŋj k ŧȫ ƅ
h
ûh iğ
ik h
h ûh hğh h h h û i
i ŕj ųh û ɉ‹ ū
ĵŏe ŧȫ Ĭ‹
ťj ŰȲiŽ ƅ О Ǟ
Ȏ˯ ĵŶɅK ūŵAŋŧȮ
h
h h û h h h h hh h h û i ğ
û
û ĸh ŏh hȽȱ‹
ĵŲh ĵŹh žû ŰŠbh ĺ
ĸŏŬ ĵŲ ĵŹɉ ô ĵŹšŎb ƅj?
ƅ ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ñĺ
û
h ğ ȸ `? m ĵhŵŊjû ŇAİh iĻ
q û ? m ĵŶh žû hŰŠh Ůû ųj ûƕh ƅh bh ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ô ĵhŵɂśh Ňû h= bû h= m ĵŶɀjŏ
ˊǮ
j
j
ğ
h
h h hû khi hh hğh h ûh
h
h h ĵųh Ŭh
h ȑ‹ ȇ ÿŷi ļh ûŰƧ
ƅ ĵŲ ĵŶŰųj ƕ ƅb ĵŶɅK ô ĵŶj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
h hh
h
ûh û h hh û û h ğ h i û h
h h= ôm ĵŶh Ƨ
K‹b ĵȍ ŋŧj ţ‹b ĵŶȭ ťȭ‹b Ājðŷjķ ĵhȍ ĹũĵŚh
ĵŶh Š Ƌůźû Ɋh ĺŵ
h û û hû hh hû i h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ _j źŪů‹ ȇ ĵŵDzŵĭŦ
П ŴɆ
j
as You burdened those before us. Our Lord, and do
not overburden us with what we have no capability
for, and pardon us and forgive us and have mercy
upon us. You are our Patron, so support us against
the denying people.”
3. Imran’s Folk
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Alif Lām Mīm. 2 Allah—there is no god but He,
the Living, the All-Sustaining. 3 He bestowed upon
yousg the Scripture from on high with the truth,
confirming what preceded it. And He sent down the
Torah and the Gospel 4 previously, as guidance for
mankind, and He sent down the Criterion. Indeed,
for those who have denied Allah’s signs is a severe
punishment, for Allah is Almighty, Capable of
vengeance. 5 Indeed, nothing in the earth or in the
heaven is hidden from Allah. 6 It is He Who designs
youpl in the wombs as He wills. There is no god
except He, the Almighty, the All-Wise. 7 It is He
Who sent down upon yousg the Scripture. Some of
its signs are explicit; they are the foundationa of the
Scripture, while others are equivocal. So as for
those whose hearts swerve, they follow whatever is
equivocal of it, seeking tribulation and seeking its
interpretation. But none knows its interpretation
except Allah. Thus, those firmly rooted in
knowledge say, “We have attained faith in it; all is
from our Lord.” But none constantly remembers
except those with understanding. 8 “Our Lord, do
not cause our hearts to swerve after You have
guided us, and bestow upon us mercy from You;
indeed, You are the Superb Bestower. 9 “Our Lord,
You will certainly gather mankind for a day about
which there is no doubt.” Indeed, Allahb never
breaks a promise. 10 Those who have denied—
certainly, neither their wealth nor their children will
avail them anything against Allah, and those are
the fuel for the Fire. 11 Like the behavior of Pharaoh’s
folk and those before
them: they disbelieved in Our
signs, so Allahc seized them on account of their
misdeeds. For Allah is Stern in retribution. 12 Saysg
1
a
b
c
h û m ih i
`Aŋh ųjŠ ^j A CKź
Ŏ˼
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
h hh h h
i žĠ Ūh ûů‹ ƻ
i ğ ̂ űm m ɉA
Ġ h ûů‹ źh Ÿi ƅğ j ? ŷh Š ɧh j ? mƅh Ĭ‹
ūžû ŰŠ ^Ōğ ŵ ̃ _ź
h ğ h h h h û h h h û h h k q k h i k hû
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹
ŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
^Ōŵ=b jŷŽʼnŽ ǻȨ ĵųj ɉ ĵũjʼnŕɊ Ũj ơĭjķ Ķ
û h
h
ğ h h iû hh hh
ğ ků cʼnq Ÿi Ůi ĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ ̄ Ůž
j ŶŰj
=b Mĵ
`j? ñ`ĵũŋû ŧů‹ ^Ōŵ
Ƒ
j ƃ‹
j b
x h x h h û ih ğ
h l ihh h ğ
x ŌŠh Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh ʼnŽj
Š
˲ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹
ŌɆ
ʼn
ő
BA
Ŋ
Š
ű
Ź
ɉ
Ĭ‹
ĺ
ɔ
j
j
ñ
j
hû
h
hh
ûh hğ ğ
i
h
û h jŷžû hŰŠh Ǐ
Šhƞ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj x;ƾ
ƅ Ĭ‹ `j? ̅ ˉg ĵŪjļŵ‹ bJ
ƅb P˱
ğ i
m ğ
h h j h ûhû
i
ťžû Ŭ _ĵ
ńKƁ‹ Ǎj űû ȱKi jźk ŕh iŽ djȑ‹ źh Ÿ ̆ j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
Ǎj
û
ğ
h
û
hh h m ğ hi
m
i ŭơ‹
i Ōšh ů‹ źh Ÿi ƅ? ŷh Š ɧh ? ƅ ô ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ
h ŌɆ
^Ōŵ= djȑ‹ źŸ ̇ űžj
j j
j
i
û
h û Ġ x Šh h i û h Šh û h ûh h
h
Ġ = Ŵğ Ÿi ĺ
f Š ʅh ŭ
Š
Ķ
ɮj
ŭ
ů‹
_
Ƥ ĺɔA; ŷŶjŲ Ķɮjŭů‹ ūžŰŠ
j
h x h h h i h ih
i
i
h ğ h x
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŲğ įhŦ ðĺ
Š ȽŲ ŋi Ň=b
Š ʇjĸɺ
ĵŲh `źši j ĸȽžh ȯ ŢɆû Lh űû Źj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ŴŽj
ûh mh
û mh
h
Š h hȶ
űi Űšû Ȭh ĵŲh bh ĀjðŷjŰɆjbįĻ ;h ĵŤjļûķ‹bh jĹŶh ļû jŧů‹ ;h ĵŤjļûķ‹ ŷi Ŷjû Ų ŷh ĸh ɺ
h i ih û û
h i Šğ h i ğ ğ m i h û h
ğ
h
h
Ājŷjķ ĵŶŲA; `źɉźŪȬ űj Űjšů‹ Ǎj `źňjŎɷů‹b ñĬ‹ ƅj? ÿŷŰɆjbįĻ
xk i
hĵŶɅğ Kh ̈ ĶŠɭh ûůhƁ‹û l Aźiɉbl i= mƅğ ? ŋi Ŭğ Ŋğ hŽ ĵŲh bh ñĵŶh Ʌk Kh ʼnŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ȁ
j
j
j j
h û h h hhû h h û h û h hh ii û i h
ehû h h iğ
ô ĹƧ
K ūŵȐ ŴjŲ ĵhȍ Ķ
Ÿb ĵŶȽŽʼnŸ Jj? ʼnšȨ ĵŶɅźŰũ TjŌĻ ƅ
Literally ‘the mother of the Scripture’.
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
33
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
ğ
h ğ m
h ğ
h h= ū
i Ÿğ źh û ɉ‹ ĺŵ
j ğȍ‹ şji ŲĵŁh ūŵj? ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ̉ Bĵ
ƅ ˉp źû Ȏh j Mĵ
ŵj?
ğ
h
û
i ûi
h h
h Ɇû Kh
h ğ `ğ ? jŷžjȯ Ķ
h ȑ‹ `ğ ? ̊ Iĵ
ŴŽj
šžųj ɉ‹ ťj Űƞ ƅ Ĭ‹
j
j ˏ
i h ûh h ûi h l ihh
ğ
i h h mh
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űŸʼni Š ɧbû = ƅbh űû Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = űû Źi Ŷȭ ƴ
j Ťȩ Ŵů Abŋŧȱ
û
h
h h
i i h û i h Ģ h l i h ðĵn q û h
h =ʼnh Ŭ ̋ Kĵğȍ‹ Iź
ũb űŸ ūjɌʤb=b Zžő
`źû Šŋjû Ŧ ^A
j ;B
j
j
h
l
ii iğ i h h h h h
ûh
iğ h
h ȑ‹ğ bh
ñűû Źj j ɅźŵŊjķ Ĭ‹ űi ŸŊŇįŦ ĵŶjļŠɔ˲ AźķŊŬ űô û Źj j ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
h û i h iğ h
h h û l h h h ğk i
`źĸi ŰŤļi Ŏh Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȓj ů Ůũ ̌ Bĵ
j Ūjšů‹ ʼnŽjʼnő Ĭ‹b
h h i h ûi h
û
i û
i h h h h
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űû Ȳů `ǽ ʼnû ũ ̍ IĵŹh ųj ɉ‹ ōh ȻjɅbh ðűh Ŷğ Źh Łh ǓŠ j ? `bǬ
iû h ğ
û
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x
ûhh
h h
Š ŋh Ň=b jĬ‹ ŮžjȼŎh Ǎj Ůi j ļŠʂh iĻ ĹĴjh Ŧ ðĵļh Ūh hȋ‹ ǻ
c
j ȽĴj Ŧ Ǎj ĹŽA;
j
hi iğ h ûh û h ûh û ûh û k i h û hh x h h
û
h
h
k
i
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j šů‹ d=K űŹj žŰĿjŲ űŹȫbŋŽ Cŋj Ŧǽ
j Ŷjķ ʼnjɆİŽ Ĭ‹b ˏǻ
h
i k qhû h h h
û
ğ im hh
ğ ɉ Ŵh Ɇk Li ̎ ŋŠɻh ûķƁ‹ Ƞbl Ɓ
j ŶŰj
Mĵ
j j Cǚšj ů ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? ô ;ĵŒȹ
j
j
ğ Ġ i
h ȿhȊ‹û bh ;j m ĵŏh kȿů‹ Ŵjh Ų DŠʆh Źh Œɉ‹
h Ūh ųi û ɉ‹ Ǟśj Šɰh Ūh ûů‹bh ǻ
j Cŋh śŶ
Ķń
j
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h û bh jĹŘğ ŧûů‹bh ĶŸh ȑ‹
h û bh űj Š ɿh ûŵƁ‹û bh jĹŲh źğ ŏh ųi û ɉ‹ Ůžû Ƣ‹
E
ŴjŲ
j
ˍj ŋû ơ‹
j
j
h h û i û i i h i ğ h h û Ġ Š h hû i h h h h
̏ Bĵ
j Zn ųɉ‹ Ŵŏń ÿaʼnŶjŠ Ĭ‹b ðĵžȫȐ‹ j Cźžơ‹ şŠɮŲ ūj ɉŠə
i i khih ûi
i Šh k û h
h Š l Aźû Ūh ȩ‹ğ ŴŽj
h ȓjğ ɉ ðűû Ȳj
ű
Ȳ
Ĵjȼŵ>= Ůũø
ƚ
ʼnŶj
ůə ŴjŲ Ǟ
j
p
h
x Šɰğ Łh űû ŹɅk Kh
h ȯ ŴŽj
h Ȓj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹û ĵŹh j ļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋûƏh ĺ
ĵŹžj
jj
j
û
x
û
x
ğ
ğ
x
Ġ
k
i ŕj hķ Ĭ‹
i bh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų `Šʆh ŗKbh Cŋh Źğ śh Ų FŠɩh Lû h=bh
̐ jIĵĸh jšůĭjķ ü Ǟ
ñ
j
û h ğh h mhğ mhğh h i ih h ğ
hĵŶj ũbh ĵŶh Ʌź
h iŵJi ĵhȍh ŋû jŧţĭ
Ŧ ĵŶŲA; ĵŶȫj? ĵŶɅK `źɉźŪȬ ŴŽjȑ‹
ğ h h Š ğ
h ȽjŶŠʂh ûů‹bh ǻj
h Ȱʼnj Š ɻů‹
h h h
ğ
ǻ
b ŴɆǚ
j
j j ɻů‹ ̑ jKĵȍ‹ BAŊŠ
ğh iğ h h
h Ŏû hƁĭû ķ ŴɆ
h ŪŧŶųi û ɉ‹bh
h ŋjŧŤû ļh ŏû ųi û ɉ‹bh ǻ
ÿŷi ŵɁ Ĭ‹
ʼnŹj ő ̒ jKĵŅ
jj
j j
m h û û üh m h û û l i l i h i h h h û h h i ğ h Šh m h
Ģ ųɉ‹b źŸ ƅj? ŷɧj? ƅ
ˏ j ŏjŪůĭjķ ˋųjɋĵũ űj Űjšů‹ Aźɉb=b ĹŭjɌˁ
ƅř
ğ h
k `ğ ? ̓ űžj
h Ȑ‹
i ŭơ‹
i Ōšh ûů‹ źh Ÿi ƅğ ? ŷh Š ɧh ?
h û ŌɆ
Š ŴŽj
jĬ‹ ʼnŶj
j
j j
j
i
ğ
ğ
û
l
h
h û
h û
h Šɮjh ŭů‹ AźiĻb= ŴŽ
h ȑ‹
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ƅj? Ķ
j ťŰļh ҋ ĵŲh bh ñűi Š ʄŎû ƃ‹
j
û
û
m
û
iû
ğ
h
i h h
hû
h
jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ ŋû ŧȲhŽ ŴŲbh ñűû Źi Ŷɀhķ ˋüžh ŤȨh űi Űjšů‹ űi Ÿ;h ĵŁ ĵŲ
û i h hğ ğ h
h ŁĠ m ĵńh `û ıhŦ ̔ Bĵŏjh ơ‹
i ųû Űh Ŏû h= Ůû Ūi ȯh ]ź
ĺ
şɆǦ
j
j
j Ĭ‹ `jıŦ
to those who have denied, “Youa shall be overcome
and herded to Hell, so what a miserable resting
place!” 13 Surely, there was a sign for youpl in two
battalions that met: one battalion combating in the
way of Allah and another denying, seeingb themc—
as the eye sees—twice their number. For Allah aids
with His support whomever He wills. In that is
indeed a lesson for those endowed with sight (s). 14
Adorned for mankind is the love of desires, such as
women and children and piles upon piles of gold
and silver and branded horses and livestock and
fields. That is the enjoyment of the Earlier Life, but
with Allah lies the most excellent resort. 15 Saysg,
“Shall I inform youpl of something better than that?
For those who are mindful (of God), with their Lord
are Gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding
therein, and cleansed spouses and good pleasure
from Allah.” For Allah is All Seeing of the servants
who say, “Our Lord, we have indeed attained
16
faith, so forgive us our misdeeds and guard us from
the punishment of the Fire.” 17 The patient and the
truthful and the devout and the spenders (in the way
of God) and the seekers of forgiveness before dawn.
Allah has borne witness that indeed, there is no
18
god but He, as have the angels and those endowed
with knowledge—upholding justice. There is no
god but He, the Almighty, the All-Wise. 19 Indeedd,
religion with Allah is Islam. Yet those who were
brought the Scripture did not differ with each other
except after knowledge had come to them, thereby
oppressing one other. So whoever denies the signs
of Allah—then Allah is indeed Swift in reckoning.
So if they debate with you sg, then say, “I have
20
submitted my countenance to Allah, and (so have)
those who have followed me.” And say to those who
were brought the Scripture and to the gentilese,
“Have you submitted?” Thus, if they have
submitted, then they have been guided. But if they
turn away, then your (only) duty is proclamation, for
Allah is All-Seeing of the servants. 21 Indeed, those
who deny Allah’s signsf and unjustifiably kill the
and Khalaf read it as: “Say to those who have denied that they shall be overcome and herded to Hell,
Hamza, Al Kesa’i
so what a miserable resting place!”
Qb
Nafieʻ, Yaʻqub and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and another denying. Youpl see them—as the eye sees—twice their number.”
c
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qd
Al Kesa’i read it as: “(And) that religion with Allah is Islam.”
e
Literally ‘the unlettered’.
f
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qa
sg
34
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ l AźiĻbi= ŴŽj
h ȓjğ ků Ůiũbh Ŵšh ĸh ȩ‹ğ ŴŲh bh jĬğ j ǘ
h j Łû bh
Ķ
ˍj
j
iû
lûğhh
l û hh l h h û h
h h
AźůźĻ `˰ Abð ʼnh ļh Ÿ‹ ʼnj Ūȯ Aźųi ŰŎû = `jıŦ űô û ļi ųû ŰŎû =;h Ŵh āZj žjk Ųk Ɓ‹bh
h ûh h h ğ h
i ŕj hķ Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ñŢi Š ʄh hȊ‹û ū
h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? ̕ jIĵĸh jšûůĭķ ü Ǟ
ŴŽj
žŰŠ ĵųȫjıŦ
j
j
i
h iû
h
ûh h k ğ h iûhh ğ
Ũp k ńh Ǟ
j Š ɔ˲ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ
j Ťjķ ŴāZjžjȼȍ‹ `źŰļŪɆb jĬ‹ ĺ
û
h iiûhh
i û k hh j ğ h
û û h
h ȑ‹ğ `ź
űŸǬ
ŰļŪɆb
j ȼŦ Mĵȍ‹ ŴjŲ řj ŏjŪůĭjķ `bŋi Ɋi įhŽ ŴŽj
h
h
i
ğ
h
i
h h
û û h h h
h
Ǎj űû Źi ۊʅh Š= ĺ
śjĸń ŴŽjȑ‹ ūjɌʤĢ bl = ̖ ˈg Ȏj = BA
g Ŋšjķ
h
ğ k ih h h h
h hûĠ
h ȑ‹ğ Ǔh ? ŋh hĻ űû h ɉɁ ̗ ŴɆ
h Dz
ŴŽj
j
j j Šɓ ŴjŲ űŹɉ ĵŲb j CŋjŇ˖‹b ĵžȫȐ‹
h h ûh ûi
ğ
h û h k q h l i i
h
jĬ‹ Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ ĵĸžŕj ŵ AźĻb=
j ŠɮjŬ ǓŠ j ? `źŠʼnŽ Ķ
h i
i
i û h
x ŋŦh ȠŠ ğ źh ļh Ȭh űğ Ȫi űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ űh Ȳ
̘ `źŗjŋšû ŲĠ űŸbh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ŨɆ
ŅȎj
j
h
h
ğ
l
m
h
i
h
h i û ğ q ğ
h ğ hh
û iğ h h
i
D
ˌp Š ɘbʼnšŲ ĵŲĵŽɁ ƅj? Kĵğȍ‹ ĵŶŏųȩ Ŵů Aźɉĵũ űŹȫɂjķ ūj ɉŠə
h
h h h
h ih ûh l i h ğ
i h
AJj? ťžû ŭŦ ̙ `bǛ
ŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹj j ŶŽjI Ǎj űû Ÿŋğ ţbh
ûh Ġi û hki h
h Ɇû Kh ƅğ ˉźû Ȏ
û i hûhh
ĵŲğ ōp ŧȫ ȁ ĺ
žjȯbb jŷžjȯ Ķ
p h j űŹŠɰšƦ
û û h h ğ
h
i
h h û h i û
ū
j Űųi ɉ‹ ūj ۊɨ űğ Źi Űɉ‹ Ůj ũ ̚ `źųi ŰŞȬi ƅ űû Ÿbh ĺĸh ŏh Ŭ
ûi
i m hh
h û û i hh im hh h h û iû
ŌĠ jšĻbh ;i ĵŒȶ Ŵųjğ Ɋ ūŰųi ɉ‹ Sǣ
j Ļb ;ĵŒȶ ŴŲ ūŰųɉ‹ Șj İĻ
k i Šh h h ğ i û hû h h i m h h h Ġ i h i m h h h
û h ȁ
p;ƾ
j ȇ ūŵj? ðǞƢ‹ ]jʼnžjȨ ð ;ĵŒȶ ŴŲ ^jŊĻb ;ĵŒȶ ŴŲ
hûğ i i
x h
h hğ i ih hğ
ûğ
ˌŮj Ȏ‹ Ǎj KĵŹȍ‹ ŀj ůźĻb jKĵŹȍ‹ Ǎj ŮȎ‹ ŀj ůźĻ ̛ ŋŽjʼnũ
û
h žk ųh û ɉ‹ Fi ŋûƛi bh ĺ
k h ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų ĺ
ğ h ûů‹ Fi ŋûƛi bh
j j žk ųh ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ƻ
ðƻ
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h im hh h ii ûhh
ğ
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h
h
`źŶjŲİųɉ‹ Ŋj ň
j ļȬ ƅ ̜ Bĵ
j Ťj ķ ;ĵŒȶ ŴŲ \LŋĻb
p ŏjń Ǟ
h
û
h û
h h û û
h ŶŲj İû ųi ɉ‹ `bIi ŴjŲ ;h m ĵȎ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
h j bû = ŴɆ
ů‹
ūj ɉŠə Ůšh ŧȬh ŴŲh bh ðǻj
j
j
h
ğ
l
m
h
q hi
h
i h
ğ h
û h Ǎj jĬ‹
ñ ŊƋŪȩ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų AźŪļğ ȩ `= ƅj? ;g ƾ
ŴjŲ ōh ûɀŰŦ
ûi
ûh iğ i i i k h ih
ğ h
i ŕj ųh û ɉ‹ jĬ‹
‹ űȱKjŊŅɆb
`j? Ůũ ̝ Ǟ
Ǔ˯ ÿñ ŷi ŏh ŧȫ Ĭ
h
h
h
i
i ğ ŷi ųû Űšû Ȭh iabʼni ĸû ȩi bû = űû ȡKbʼni Ŕi Ǎ ĵŲh l Aźŧi ûƛi
Ǎj ĵŲh űi Űšû Ɇh bh ñĬ‹
j
j
h
û
h
k
h
i
h iğ h
h h Š ʆh Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ğ
x ʼnhũ ;p ƾ
û ȁȇ
̞ ŋŽj
j
ˍ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲb D
j Š Ĭ‹b P˱
ûh Ġi i h hûh
ûĠ ûh û û h h ğ
q h Ƥ
Ǟ
Ň
Ŵj
Ų
ĺ
Ű
ų
Š
ĵ
Ų
ō
ŧ
ȫ ȁ ʼnƏ
ĵŲh bh ˊǴ
j
p
j _źŽ
p
prophets and killa those of mankind who command
to justice—give them glad tidingsb of a painful
punishment. 22 Those are the ones whose deeds
were nullified in the Earlier (Life) and the Hereafter,
for they have no helpers. 23 Have you sg not seen
those who were brought a share of the Scripture,
being called to the Scripture of Allah to judge c
between them, then a group of them turn away in
disregard? 24 That is because they said, “The Fire
will not touch us except for a limited number of
days.” But they have been deceived in their religion
by whatever they fabricated. 25 So how about when
We gather them for a day about which there is no
doubt, and every single self is paid in full for what
it has earned, and theyd are not dealt with unjustly?
Saysg, “O Allah, Master of the dominion, You
26
grant dominion to whomever You will and You
strip dominion from whomever you will, and You
honor whomever you will and You humiliate
whomever you will; in Your hand is all goodness.
You are indeed All-Powerful over everything. 27
You cause the night to penetrate the day and cause
the day to penetrate the night, and you bring the
living out of the dead and You bring the dead out of
the living, and You provide for whomever You will
without measure.” 28 Let not the believers take the
deniers for allies apart from the believers, for
whoever does that has nothing to do with Allah—
unless it is to protect your pl own selves against them
in some manner of self-protection. And Allah
cautions youpl Himself, for to Allah is the destiny.
Saysg, “Whether youpl hide what is within your
29
chests or disclose it, Allah knows it.” For He knows
whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the
earth, for Allah is All-Powerful over everything. 30
On a day when every self finds whatever good it
had done presented, while whatever evil it had
done—it will wish there were a great distance
between itself and it. And Allah Himself cautions
you pl , for Allah is Compassionate towards the
servants. 31 Saysg, “If you love Allah, then follow
me—Allah will love you and forgive you your
misdeeds, for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of
Mercy.” 32 Say, “Obey Allah and the Messenger.”
But if they turn away, then Allah does not love the
Hamza read it as: “. . . and combat those of mankind . . .”
This is said in sarcasm.
Qc
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . being called to the Scripture of Allah so that it may be judged between them . . .”
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qa
b
35
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h
q
û
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û hŰųŠh
ñ ˑʼnžjšhķ ˊʼnü h Ųh = ÿm ŷi Ŷh ɀɅh bh ĵŹh Ŷh ɀhķ `= źû ɉ Iźh Ļ p;źm Ŏi ŴjŲ ĺ
j
û üi
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i ğ bh ÿñ ŷi ŏh ŧû ȫh Ĭ
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`j? Ůũ ̟ jIĵĸh jšůĭjķ [b;i Kh Ĭ‹
KjŊŅɆb
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i ğ h hğ h Ġ ûi i
űû Ȳů ŋû jŧŤɆh bh Ĭ‹
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x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
b Ĭ‹ AźšžjŚ= Ůũ ̠ űžj
ð ^źŎi ŋɉ‹
ô ɅźŵJ
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h û h iğ h h i mhiû h h k k h û h h hûh h h ğhh
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g ĸŪjķ ĵŹɅK ĵŹŰĸŪļȯ
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ĵɆğ ŋj ȡLh ȕh I ūj ɉĵŶh Ÿ ̦ Bĵ
j Ťjķ ;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ \LŋŽ Ĭ‹
g ŏjń Ǟ
h ğ ðe hk h q ğ k i h iğ
û Ÿh Bk Kh ^ĵh hũ ÿð ŷi Ʌğ Kh
i ųj Ŏh ū
şž
ŵj? ĹĸjžŚ ĹɆjKJ ūŵȐ ŴjŲ Ǔj Ķ
j
û
û
m
h
h
k
h
i
û
h
i
û
h
Ġ
i
i
h ɉ‹ ŷĻIĵŶh ȯh ̧ j;mȕh Ȑ‹
h Ņųj ɉ‹ Ǎj ǔ஠űx ɋĵũ źh Ÿbh ĹŭɌˁ
Ģ
BA
ŋ
ų
j
j
j
j
ğ
q
h
üh
û žh Ȩ ]h Ǭ
h ğ `ğ h=
i j k hȼiŽ Ĭ‹
ŠhŅ
Aʼnjžk Ŏh bh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk pĹųjh ŰȲjķ ˋũjʼnk ŕh Ɋi Ƶ
j
i i h Šğ h k h h h
ğŠ
k q h q ŕi ńh bh
h
h
`źȲŽ ƭɁ B
j j Űɻů‹ ŴjŲ ĵžk j ȼŵbh ˊKź
j K ^ĵũ ̨ ǻŅ
û h i h û h Ťh hŰhķ ʼnû hũbh űx Š ʄh ţi Ǔ
i ğ ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh ^ĵh hũ ð ŋjx ũȕh ƫh=ŋh Ɋ‹
Ĭ‹
j b ǚjŭů‹ ƴ
j
j
k
h
h
m
h q m h û k h h
h
i hh h ih ûh
ūļi ȬAh ;h ^ĵũ ð ĹhŽA;h Ǔ
j ŮšŁ‹ B
j K ^ĵũ ̩ ;ĵŒȹ ĵŲ ŮšŧȬ
h ğ ğ i û h q û h ğ ğ h h h Šh h h ğ h k h i ğ h
q j ĿŬh ū
ˊǞ
ɅK ŋŬJ‹b ñˊŌɊK ƅj? ˉg ĵŽɁ ĹĿʄľ Mĵȍ‹ űj ŰȲĻ ƅɁ
h h û
h û û h k hû ûk hh
h i h Ģh hû
űi Ɇh ŋû ųh Š ɔ ĹŭjɌˁ
ųɉ‹ ĺ
j ůĵũ J˯ ̪ ŋj Š ʃķƃ‹
j bǀ
j j šůĭjķ ŃjĸŎb
deniers. 33 Indeed, Allah has selected Adam and
Noah and Abraham’s folk and Imran’s folk over all
communities: 34 offspring of one another, for Allah
is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 35 Recall when
Imran’s wife said, “My Lord, I have indeed vowed
(to dedicate) to You what is in my belly, dedicated
(solely to You), so accept from me; indeed, You are the
All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.” 36 So when she
gave birth to her, she said, “My Lord, I have indeed
given birth to her, a female,” and Allah knows
better what she has delivereda, “and the male is not
like the female, and I have indeed named her Mary,
and I do seek refuge with You for her and her
offspring from Satan, the outcast.” 37 So her Lord
accepted her with good acceptance and brought her
up a good upbringing and entrusted her to the
sponsorship of Zechariahb. Whenever Zechariah
entered upon her in the sanctuary, he found with
her provisionc. He said, “O Mary, how did you get
this?” She said, “It is from Allah; indeed, Allah
provides whomever He wills without measure.” 38
Thereupon Zechariah called upon his Lord. He
said, “My Lord, grant me from Your bounty good
offspr i ng; You are i ndeed the Hearer of
supplication.” 39 So the angels calledd out to him as
he stood praying in the sanctuary that: “Allah givese
you glad tidings of John, confirming a Word from
Allah, and honorable, and abstinent from women,
and a prophet from among the righteous.” 40 He
said, “My Lord, how will I have a son when old age
has overtaken me and my wife is barren?” He said,
“So shall it be! Allah does whatever He wills.” 41
He said, “My Lord, set for me a sign.” He said,
“Your sign is that you shall not speak to people for
three days except by gesture. And remember your
Lord much, and exalt (Him) in the evening and the
morning.” 42 And recall when the angels said, “O
Mary, Allah has indeed selected you and cleansed
you and He has selected you over the women of all
communities. 43 “O Mary, be devout to your Lord
and prostrate yourself and bow down with those
who bow down.” 44 That is of the stories of the
hidden realm which We reveal to you sg, for you
were not with them
when they cast their pens as to
Ibn ʻAmer, Shuʻba and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . a female, and Allah knows better what I have delivered, and the male is not . . .”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and Zechariah sponsored her.”
c
Food.
Qd
Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “So (one of) the angels called out to him . . .”
Qe
Ibn ʻAmer and Hamza read it as: “. . . sanctuary: “Indeed, Allah gives you . . .”
Qa
Qb
36
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
m
h û
h û hğ ğ
Šh h ū
j;ĵŏjh ȸ ȇ
`j?
j Š Ƌŧśh Ŕ‹bh j]ŋh Źğ Śh bh ū
j Š Ƌŧśh Ŕ‹ Ĭ‹
h û h
û ihûh h
h h hû
û bh ūɅk ŋjh ɉ ƲŶi Ȱ‹
i Ŏ‹
şh Ųh Njj ŬK‹
b djʼnł
j j
j űɆŋųŠɔ ̫ ǻųj ۊɿů‹
i û h û m h h û h Šh
h h
ğ
h
ĵŲh bh ôūûȎj? jŷžjńźŵ Ķ
j žŤů‹ j;ĵĸ˩= ŴjŲ ūj ɉə ̬ ǻjšjŬŠɷů‹
h
h h i
hûh h iû û
iiû
ĵŲh bh űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh ŮŧȲhŽ űû Źi ȬĠ Ɂ űû Źi ųh Š ʄũ= `źŪŰiŽ Jj? űû Źj ûŽȐh ĺŶ
Ŭ
h
û
h
h
h
h û
h
h i Ģ h
hûh û
û h Ŭi
űi Ɇh ŋû ųh Š ɔ ĹŭjɌˁ
ųɉ‹ ĺ
j ůĵũ Jj? ̭ `źųi ŕj ļƞ Jj? űû Źj ŽȐh ĺŶ
h
h Š Ńž
û ŷi Ŷjû Ųk Ĺųjh ŰȲ
i jŏųh û ɉ‹ ŷi ųi Ŏ‹
i k hi hğ ğ
Ŵi Ȩ‹û ƿɀj
p
j ķ j]Ǭj ȼŽ Ĭ‹ `j?
q Łbh űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh
h Ʌŋğ Ūh ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųbh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹bh ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
Ġ Ǎ ĵŹž
̮ ǻ
j
j
j
q
û
h
ğ
h ih
h ğȍ‹ űji kŰȲ
h Ņjۊɻů‹
̯ ǻ
Ŵjh Ųbh ƆŹû ȡbh ʼnj Źû ųh ɉ‹ Ǎj Mĵ
Ɇb
j
h
h
ğ
h h x hh
h
h
i i h Š k h û h
x bh Ǔ `ź
Ȳ Ž ƭɁ B
^ĵũ ðǬȵ ƴj ŏû ŏh ųû Ȭh űû ɉbh Ȑ
j
j K ĺůĵũ
hi i i h h ğ h q û h h h h i m h h h i i û h i ğ
h
Ģ ũ AJj? ô ;ĵŒȹ ĵŲ ŨŰƞ Ĭ‹ ūjj ɉŠɶh Ŭ
ÿȔ ^źŪȬ ĵųȫj ıŦ ˊŋɊ= DŽ
h ğ h h h û û h h Šh û i i k h i h
i i h i
ŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
b Ĺųŭj ơ‹b Ķɮjŭů‹ ŷųj ŰšɆb ̰ `źŭžh ȯ Ŵȱ
û h
h Ģ h û m h Šh e i h h
h
i
û hũ ƭk Ɂh ŮŽj
űȲļi Ĵû Ł
ʼn
;ʴŎj? ƴj ķ Ǔj? ƅźŎKb ̱ ŮžƑ
j
j
j ƃ‹
j b
h
i h i i û h mk h û i k ğ k h
k Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
śů‹
ů ŨŰŇ= ƭj Ɂ űȲjɅK ŴjŲ Ĺp Ž˲
jĹnZh žû Źh Ŭ ǻ
j
j
i
û
i
i i hh
ğ
i i hh û ğ
h û Śh `ź
@ŋj ûķɁbh ðjĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ ˊüǞ
ŭžȯ jŷžjȯ ņŧŵįŦ Ǟ
j śů‹
h
i
i
û Šh û h û û h h h û û h h h û h û
h
ğ
i
űȲĴi j kȼŵɁbh ðjĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ Ș
źųɉ‹ Ƹ
j =b OŋķƁ‹b ŷųȱƁ‹
ğ
h
h i i ûh
h
h h
i
ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? űô û Ȳj Ļźži Ȩi Ǎj `bŋji Ňʼnğ Ļ ĵŲh bh `źŰȱįĻ ĵųh j ķ
i ğ qh
i Ŭi `? űû Ȳ
h û Ȩh ĵųjh k ɉ ĵũjq ʼnk ŕh Ɋi bh ̲ ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
ů ĹŽ˗
dğ ʼnh hŽ ǻ
j
i
ğ
h
i h ğ
i hh
ğ Ŵjh Ų
űô û Ȳžû ŰŠ _h ŋj k ńi djȑ‹ Ŗšû Ȩh űȲů ŮjńƁj bh jŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
ğ
i iû h
i hh hğ l iğ h û i kğ k h
`j? ̳ `ź
j šžjŚ=b Ĭ‹ AźŪȩĭŦ űȲjɅK ŴjŲ pĹŽ˲ űȲļĴŁ
j b
h h
û h i Ġ
k hğ
x jŪļh ŏû ŲĠ Qx Š ɷh Ŕ
̴ űž
j AŊŠɪ ôiabʼni ĸi ȭĭŦ űû ȲɅKh bh ȗj Kh Ĭ‹
i û i iû Š h
h h= Ŵû Ųh ^ĵh hũ ŋh ŧû Ȳ
ğ ńh h= m ĵųğ hŰhŦø
m Kĵŕŵ
ű
Ź
Ŷj
Ų
ƿɀj
Š
ō
d
ů‹
j
ğ
ğ i h h i û h h Ġ h hû h h ğ h
ŕŵ= ŴƗ `źɆjKAźơ‹ ^ĵũ ðjĬ‹ Ǔj?
jĬĭjķ ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h jĬ‹ Kĵ
h
û
m
û
ğ h h h ğh h mhğh
ğh
h
ĵŶh šû ĸh ȩ‹bh ĺ
ůŌŵ= ĵųjķ ĵŶŲA; ĵŶɅK ̵ `źųji Űŏû Ɋi ĵŵɂjķ ʼnû Źh ő‹bh
h hh l ih hh
ğ h h hûi û h h i ğ
i ğ ŋh ŭ
h ʼnŹɺů‹
Ųb AbŋŭŲb ̶ ŴŽj
ðĬ‹
j Š şŲ ĵŶȼļȱĭŦ ^źŎŋɉ‹
which of them would sponsor Mary, nor were you
with them when they were disputing. 45 Recall when
the angels said, “O Mary, Allah indeed gives you
glad tidings of a Word from Him. His name is the
Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, well-esteemed in the
Earlier (Life) and the Hereafter, and one of those
brought near. 46 And he will speak to people in the
cradle and in adulthood and will be one of the
righteous.” 47 She said, “My Lord, how can I have
a child when no human being has touched me?” He
said, “So shall it be! Allah creates whatever He
wills. Whenever He decrees a matter, He only says
to it, ‘Be,’ and so it isa. 48 And Heb will teach him
scribingc and wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel.
And (He will appoint him as) a messenger to the
49
Children of Israel (to proclaim): ‘I have come to youpl
with a sign from your Lord: that Id create for you
out of clay the shape of a bird, then I breathe into it
so it becomes a bird by Allah’s leave; and I heal the
born-blind and the leper; and I revive the dead by
Allah’s leave; and I inform you concerning what
you eat and what you store in your houses. Indeed,
in that is a sign for you, if you are believers. 50 And
I am to confirm what preceded me of the Torah and
to make lawful to youpl some of what was prohibited
for you. And I have come to you with a sign from
your Lord, so be mindful of Allah and obey me. 51
Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship
Him. That is a straight path.’” 52 So when Jesus
sensed denial on their part, he said, “Who are my
supporters towards Allah?” The disciples said, “We
are Allah’s supporters; we have attained faith in
Allah, so bear witness that we are indeed Muslimse.
Our Lord, we have attained faith in what You
53
have sent down and we have followed the
Messenger, so inscribe us among those who bear
witness.” 54 And theyf schemed and Allah schemed,
but Allah is the best of schemers. 55 As Allah said,
“O Jesus, I am taking you back and raising you to
Me and cleansing you of those who denied, and I
am making those who follow you superior to those
who denied until the Day of Resurrection. Then to
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “He only says to it, ‘Be,’ so it is.”
Qb
All except for Nafieʻ, ʻAsem, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “And We will teach him . . .”
c
The Arabic word used is al-kitab which may mean ‘scribing’ or ‘scripture’.
Qd
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . from your Lord: I truly create . . .”
e
The Arabic word used is Muslimoon which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
f
The disbelievers.
Qa
37
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
k
i ğ ^ĵh hũ Jû ? ̷ ŴɆ
i û Ňh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh
h ŋjŭŠʅh ûů‹ Ǟ
Ģ h jšŠɔh Ĭ‹
ƭj j ? ƿɀ
j
j
l ihh
h i hh h khhi
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵjh Ų ]h ŋi Źk śh Ųi bh Ǔğ h ? ū
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
šj ŦAKb ūžj ŦźļŲ
j
j
ğ
h
l
hh
h ši ĸh ȩ‹ğ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ \h źû Ŧh ]ź
h ȑ‹ğ Ůji ŠĵŁh bh
_j źû hŽ ǓŠ j ? Abm ŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
i h û h i i û h h û i i û h ğh ğ i h Šh û
i Ŭi ĵųžj
h ȯ űû Ȳ
űû ļŶ
Ŷɀķ űȲńįŦ űȲšŁ
j ŋɊ Ǔj? űȪ ˌjĹųɱjŪů‹
h
i
ğ
l
k h h
h h
h
hh h
h i ûh
ĵķAq ŊŠ űû Źi Ȩji ŊŠįŦ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ĵŲğ įŦ ̸ `źŧj Űļh ƛ jŷžjȯ
h
ğ k h h
ûĠ
q h
h Dz
ĵŲğ =bh ̹ ŴɆ
Ǎj AʼnŽjʼnő
jj Šɓ ŴjŲ űŹi ɉ ĵŲbh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
k h Šh Š ğ l i h h l ih h h ğ
i i
i ğ bh űû Ÿi Kź
Ĭ‹
j ɳj Űɻů‹ AźŰųj Šb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
ñ h Ł= űû Źj žj Ŧźh ži ȯ ĺ
h
i
ğ Ġ i h
h
h h i û h h Šh
h ųjۊɾů‹
ĶjƘ ƅ
ĺ
Űļȫ ūj ɉə ̺ ǻ
j Š ɔ˖‹ Ŵjh Ų ūžû ŰŠ aź
j
û
h
k h
h
h
ğ h
h ŋŬjû ȑ‹
Š h Š ŮĿh Ųh `ğ j ? ̻ űžj
Ůj Ŀųh Ŭ jĬ‹ ʼnŶj
Š ƿɀj
b
j ŭơ‹
j
h
h
h
i
h
h
i
i
i
i h h hh h
hi
̼ `źŭžh ȯ Ŵȱ ÿȔi ^ĵũ űğ Ȫ BA
p ŋĻ ŴjŲ ÿŷŪŰŇ ð _IA;
h
i h hh h kğ
h Ǜh ųû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ŴȲ
hû
Ŵû ųh ȯ ̽ ŴɆ
Ļ ƆŦ ūjɅK ŴjŲ ŨĠ ơ‹
j
lûh h h û i h û û h h hm h h û h
h m
Aźɉĵšȩ ŮŪȯ űj Űšj ů‹ ŴjŲ ];ĵŁ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ Ŵü Ųj jŷžjȯ ūŁğ ĵńh
i h i m
h m
i m h h m h i h
ĵŶh ŏh ŧŵ=bh űû ȱ;h ĵŏjh ȸbh ĵŵ;h ĵŏjh ȸbh űû ȱ;h ĵŶh Ȩû Ɂbh ĵŵ;h ĵŶh Ȩû Ɂ Sʼnû ŵ
h û hh ğ h hû ğ h û hh û hûh ğ i û i h i hh
h ȨjŊŠʃ
ů‹ ȇ jĬ‹ ĺŶšů ŮšłŶȯ ŮŹj ļȼŵ űȪ űȲŏŧŵ=b
ǻ
j
ğ i ğ ğ Šh û h h Ġ hû i h h û h i h h Š h ğ
`˯ ôĬ‹
ƅj? ŷg ɧj? ŴjŲ ĵŲb ô Ũơ‹ œŕŪů‹ źŹɉ AŊɪ `j? ̾
hğ
h ğ `ğ ıhŦ l Aźû ůğ źh hĻ `ıhŦ ̿ űžj
i ŭơ‹
i Ōšh ûů‹ źh Źi h ɉ Ĭ‹
i ŰŠh Ĭ‹
h û ŌɆ
ü űžj
j
j
j
h h l h h h Šh û h û h Ģ h ûi
ûiû
h
pĹųjh ǿ ǓŠ j ? Aźû ɉĵšȩ Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ Ůũ ̀ ŴŽjʼn jŏŧųɉĭjķ
ûi hh hğ ğ h iû h ğh û i hûh h hhûh mh h
Ājŷjķ ]h Ǭ
j ȸ ƅb Ĭ‹ ƅj? ʼnĸšȫ ƅɁ űȲŶɀɅb ĵŶŶɀķ ģ ;AźŎ
h ğ
i
ğ h q h
q Ʌh Kû h= ĵŘe šû Ȩh ĵŶh Ři šû Ȩh Ŋh ň
`jıŦ jôĬ‹ `j bI ŴjŲk ĵȨĵ
j ļȬh ƅbh ĵnZžû ő
h i û i ğh l i h û l i ih lûğhh
h û hûhĢh
Š
ʑ
Ķ
ɮj
ŭ
ů‹
́
`ź
ųj ŰŏɊ ĵŵɂjķ AbʼnŹő‹ AźɉźŪȯ AźůźĻ
Ů
Ÿ
į
j
û h iŠ h û ğ
ğ i
h i m hh h hû m h Ġ mhi h
ƅj? ŮžƑ
b
Ĺ
Ɗ
K
ź
ȋ‹
ĺ
ůŌŵ
j
j ƃ‹
j
j = ĵŲb űžjŸŠɷķj? Ǎj `źŁĵƕ űj ɉ
h i ûh hhh m ûh ü
h j;mƅh İi ʧ
i hįʧ
h Šɖ
Ģ h űû ļŵ
Ģ h ͂ `ź
ŰjŪšȩ ƆŦ= Āj ôaʼnj šȨ ŴŲj
űû ļi łû ł
i
h
h
m
h Ġ h h h x û
i h h
i
h ȯ `ź
ȯ
Ājŷjķ űȲů ōh ûɀů ĵųžj
Łĵƕ űj ŰŦ űŰjŠ Ājŷjķ űȲů ĵųžj
h
h
û
h
h
h
h i ûh
i =bh űi Űšû Ȭh Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh űx ŰjŠ
i ŸŠɷh ûķ? `h ǽ ĵŲh ̓ `ź
űžj
ųŰšȩ ƅ űû ļŵ
ô
j
Me is your pl return, then I will judge between you
regarding whatever you used to differ over. 56 So as
for those who have denied—I will punish them with
a severe punishment in the Earlier (Life) and the
Hereafter, and for them there are no helpers. 57 And
as for those who have attained faith and have done
righteous deeds—Hea will renderb to them their
rewards in full, for Allah does not love the unjust.”
This is what We read to yousg of the signsc and the
58
Wise Reminder. 59 Indeed, the likeness of Jesus
with Allaha is as the likeness of Adam: He created
him from dust, then said to him, “Be,” and so he is.
The truth is from yoursg Lord, so do not be of
60
those who doubt. 61 And if anyone debates with
you sg about him after what has come to you of
knowledge, then say, “Come, let us call our sons
and your sons, and our women and your women,
and ourselves and yourselves, and let us supplicate
to make Allah’s curse befall the liars.” 62 Indeed,
this is the true narrative, for there is no god but
Allah, and Allah is indeed the Almighty, the AllWise. 63 But if they turn away—Allah is indeed
All-Knowing of the corrupters. 64 Say, “O People
of the Scripture, come to a common word between
us and you: that we worship none but Allah, and
that we associate nothing with Him, and that we do
not take one another as lords apart from Allah.”
And if they turn away, then saypl, “Bear witness that
we are Muslimsd.” 65 O People of the Scripture, why
do you debate about Abraham, when the Torah and
the Gospel were not sent down except after him?
Do you not reason? 66 Here youpl are—you have
debated about things you have knowledge about, so
why do you debate about things you have no
knowledge about? For Allah knows and you know
not. 67 Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian;
rather, he was a Muslim who turned away from all
that is false, and never was he of the polytheists. 68
Surely, those of mankind who are most deserving
of Abraham (as an ally) are those who followed him,
and this prophet, and those who have attained faith.
And Allah is the Ally of the believers. 69 A faction
of the People of the Scripture would love to lead
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
All except for Hafs and Roways read it as: “We will render to them . . .” (In this case there is no grammatical shift).
c
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
d
The Arabic word used is Muslimoon which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
a
Qb
38
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h q h û h h h kq i h
q
h h
h h
`ǽ ĵŲh bh ĵųjq Űŏû ŲĠ ĵŧžj Ŷńh `ǽ ŴȲ
ŵ ƅb ĵŽjIźŹȬ
j Š ɧbh ĵžjk ȫADz
h
h
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų
i ši ĸh ȩ‹ğ ŴŽj
h ȓğ h ɉ űžj
h ŸŠɷh ûķıȨ Mĵ
ğȍ‹ Ƞbû = `ğ ? ̈́ ǻj
j
aź
j
jj
j
û iû Ġ h i ğ h lñ i h h h ğ h Ġ ğ h Šh h
ğh
h
DIb ͅ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ Ƞj b Ĭ‹b AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹b Ʊj ȍ‹ AŊɪb
m ğ h Ġ i h h û i h Ġ i ûh
h û ûh û k x h m ğ
Š
ɮj
ƅj? `źŰŘ
j Ž ĵŲb űȲŵźŰŘ
j Ž źɉ Ķ
j ŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴŲj ĹŧjɋĵŚ
h
û
hû Ģh
û
h iû h
h
i h
h
`bŋi ŧȲĻ űjh ɉ Ķ
͆ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ĵŲh bh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ=
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ
ûh i hh ğ
h
h
h û hûhĢh
=b jĬ‹ ĺ
űjh ɉ Ķ
͇ `bʼni Źh Œȶ űû ļŵ
j Š ɔ˲
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ
û
h h h i h h ğ hû h i i û h h
h i ûh
h û `ź
`źųi Űšû ȩ űû ļŵ
=b Ũơ‹ `źųļȲĻb Ůj śj Šɭh ůĭjķ Ũğ ơ‹
ŏjȼŰĻ
h
û
h i m ğ l i h
h
m
x
hh
û û k h ğ
h
^Ōŵ
j Šɮjŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲ ĹŧjɋĵŚ ĺůĵũb ͈
j = djȑĭjķ AźŶjŲA; Ķ
hh
l iû
ğ h
ğ ŷh Łû bh l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
űû Źi Űšh ů ÿiaŋjh ŇA;h Abm ŋi ŧȱ‹bh jKĵŹh ȍ‹
ğ ûi i h h h h ğ lm i ûi hh
h
ûh
`j? Ůũ űû ȲŶŽj
I şjĸĻ Ŵųj ɉ ƅj? AźŶjŲİĻ ƅb ͉ `źši Ł
j ŋŽ
h i i mh hûk x h h h ûi h ğ
Ģ İŽ `= jĬ‹ cʼnh Ÿi c
Š ʼnh Źi û ɉ‹
bû = űû ļɀj
Ļb= ĵŲ ŮĿjŲ ʼnń= Ș
i Ġ mhi
h û hû ğ ûi i
û ğ
h Š űû ȡź
jŷžjȩİiŽ jĬ‹ ʼnj žh j Ȩ ŮŘŧů‹ `j? Ůũ ñűû ȲjɅk Kh ʼnŶj
ŁĵƘ
m hh h
hû
Ġ hûh
i ğ bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh
x ŰŠh şjf ŎŠɩh Ĭ‹
ñ ;i ĵŒȹ ŴŲ ĀjŷjļƧŋh j ķ œļƞ ͊ űžj
ñ
h
û
û
û
i iğ h
h
û
û
h
h
û h
Ŵû Ųh Ķ
b
j Şj šů‹ Ůj Řŧů‹ bJ Ĭ‹
j Šɮjŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲbø ͋ űž
û
û
h
k h
h h
h jŪķ ŷi Ŷû Ųh įhĻ `?
ŷi Ŷû Ųh įĻ `j? Ŵû Ųğ űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh ūûȎj? mĀj aIj İiŽ pKĵśŶ
j
j
h Šh q m h û h h h û i h ğ h û h m k h i ğ h
ūj ɉə ñĵųjɋĵũ jŷžŰŠ ĺŲI ĵŲ ƅj? ūȎj? Āj aIj İŽ ƅ pKĵŶŽjʼnjķ
iû
hh h i i x
h h
h l i h ğh
ȇ `źɉźŪɆh bh ŮžjȼŎh Ŵāh Zjžjk Ųk Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŶh žû ŰŠ ōh ûɀů Aźɉĵũ űû Źi ȫɂjķ
h
h ihûh û ih h h û ğ
Š h bû = Ŵû Ųh ˏ ǔ
Š h hķ ͌ `ź
ųŰšȬ űŸb BjŊŭů‹ jĬ‹
Āj aʼnj Źû šh j ķ ȝ
ğ
û
ğ
hğ h
h ih ûh h
h Ūļğ ųi ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ıhŦ ǐ
`bǛ
Œȹ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ͍ ǻ
j
j Š ȩ‹b
h ğ
h h h h h h i e h
h
Ǎj űû Źi ɉ Ũh Š ʄŇ ƅ ūjɌʤĢ bl = Ɔžj Űũ ĵŶq ųh Ȫ űû Źj j ŶŠʅh ûŽɁbh jĬ‹ ʼnj Źû šh j ķ
h iğ i iik h i hh h
û
h i
űŹųj ŰȲŽ ƅb j CŋjŇ˖‹
jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ űû Źj ûȎj? ŋi ŞŶhŽ ƅbh Ĭ‹
h
h
q h
ğ
f Ŋh Šh űû Źi h ɉbh űû Źžj ȡk Ōh iŽ ƅh bh
ĵŪɆŋj ŧů űû Źi Ŷjû Ų `˯ ͎ űx Ȏj = BA
j
û
û
h
h
i
ihh ûh h iûh
h i i h û h
źh Ÿ ĵŲh bh Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ aźĸŏŅ jȋ Ķ
j Šɮjŭůĭjķ űŹļȿ jŏɉɁ `ÿźŰŽ
ğ
h û h
i
i h i i
ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų źh Ÿ ĵŲh bh jĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų źh Ÿ `źɉźŪɆh bh Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ
you pl astray, but they lead none astray except
themselves, but they are unaware. 70 O People of the
Scripture, why do you deny the signs of Allah,
though you witness? 71 O People of the Scripture,
why do you confound the truth with falsehood and
conceal the truth, though you know? 72 And a
faction of the People of the Scripture said, “Believepl
in what was sent down to those who attained faith
at the beginning of the day, then deny (it) at its end,
that perhaps they may return. 73 But trust none
except whoever has followed your pl religion.” Saysg
“Indeed, (true) guidance is (only) Allah’s guidance—
thata anyone can be brought the like of what youpl
were brought, or theyb may debate with you before
your Lord.” Say, “All grace is in Allah’s hand; He
gives it to whomever He wills.” For Allah is AllEmbracing, All-Knowing. 74 He specifies His mercy
for whomever He wills, for Allah is the Possessor
of great grace. 75 And of the People of the Scripture
is one who, if yousg entrust him with a heap (of gold),
will pay it back to you. And of them is one who, if
you entrust him with a (single) dinar, will not pay it
back to you unless you are constantly standing over
him. That is because they have said, “We are under
no obligation towards the gentilesc.” And they tell
lies against Allah, though they know. 76 Yes d ,
whoever fulfills his covenant and is mindful (of
God) —then indeed, Allah loves mindful people. 77
Indeed, those who purchase, in exchange for Allah’s
covenant and their oaths, a small price, those—
there is no share for them in the Hereafter, nor will
Allah speak to them, nor will He look at them on
the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them,
and for them is a painful punishment. 78 And indeed,
of them is a group who twist their tongues with the
Scripture, that youpl may think it from the Scripture
while it is not from the Scripture. And they say, “It
is from Allah,” while it is not from Allah. And they
tell lies against Allah, though they know. 79 No
person to whom Allah has given the Scripture and
wise judgment and prophethood would ever say to
mankind, “Be my servants apart from Allah.”
Rather, “Be godlye on account of the Scripture
Ibn Kathir read it as: “. . . Allah’s guidance. Can anyone be brought the like of what youpl were brought, or can they
debate with you before your Lord?”
b
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
c
Literally ‘the unlettered’.
d
Answering their claim that they are under no obligation towards the gentiles.
e
Literally ‘Lordly’.
Qa
39
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h h
h h
i h h û ğ hh h i ihh ğ
`ǽ ĵŲh ͏ `źųi Űšû Ȭh űû Ÿbh Bj
Ŋŭů‹ jĬ‹ ȇ `źɉźŪɆb ðjĬ‹
û
h i i h
û i h h Šh û iğ i h û i h h h
^źŪȬh űğ Ȫ Cźğ ĸi Ġȍ‹bh űh Ȳơ‹
b Ķɮjŭů‹ Ĭ‹ ŷžjȩİŽ `= Ǭ
g ȼj ů
k
l i i
l
h ğ
i i
q h
i
j ŶŰjğ ɉ
AźŵźŬ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ Ǔj AIĵĸjŠ AźŵźŬ Mĵ
h
h i i h h h Šh û h i k h i û i i h h k Šğ h
`źŎi Ki ʼnû Ļ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjɅb Ķɮjŭů‹ `źųj Űšȩ űļŶŬ ĵųjķ ŴāZjžj ŶɐK
h
h h Ģh hû l i ğh h û i h iûh hh
ųɉ‹ AbŊň
ô ĵeķĵɅh Kû = Ŵāh Zjžk j ȼğȍ‹bh ĹŭjɌˁ
j ļȩ `= űȡŋɊįŽ ƅb ͐
h
h
h h û
h
i û
i i iûhh
i = Jû ? ʼnh šû Ȩh ŋŧû Ȳ
ŊŇ= J˯ ͑ `źųji Űŏû ŲĠ űļŵ
ůĭ
ķ
ű
ȱ
ŋɊįŽɁ
j
j
j
h
û
m
i
h
k i iûh h h h k ğ h h iğ
űğ Ȫ pĹųh ŭjńbh Ķ
p ŠɮjŬ ŴjŲ űȲļɀĻA; ĵųɉ ŴāZjžjȼȍ‹ ŨŠɯžjŲ Ĭ‹
i h h hk x k h Ġ x i h û i hm h
ğ i Ųİû iȋh űû Ȳ
šŲ ĵųj ɉ \jʼnŕŲ ^źŎK űȱ;ĵŁ
Ājŷjķ Ǻj
h
h
h
i Š Š û i û h hh û i û hûhh h h iğ i i hh h
û
û
ˌdǮ
j j ? űȲj ůə ȇ űȩŊŇ=b űȩKŋũ=; ^ĵũ ÿô ŷŵDzŶȋb
i h h úhhh l i h û h h h h û hûh lmi h
h ʼnŹɺů‹
Šj ğ Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
šŲ ĵŵɁb AbʼnŹőĭŦ ^ĵũ ô ĵŵKŋũ= Aźɉĵũ
͒ ŴŽj
h
h i Š h û i i h Ģ h l i h h Šh h û h Šğ h h h h
h û Ťh ȯh = ͓ `ź
Ū jŏʁů‹ űŸ ūjɌʤbįŦ ūj ɉə ʼnšȨ ȠźĻ Ŵųȯ
Ǟ
hû h
h iûh ğ
ğ Ǎ ŴŲh űh Űh Ŏû h= ÿm Ȕi h bh `ź
Šj ʆh Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
j Ɓ‹b D
P˱
ŤĸȬ jĬ‹ ŴŽj
j
j I
i
h mhh ğ
h i h ûi ûh qû h h qû h
ğh h ûi
^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲb jĬĭjķ ĵŶŲA; Ůũ ͔ `źšŁŋŽ jŷȎ˯ ĵŸŋȡb ȕźŚ
hh h i m hh hûh h
h
h Ŏ˯
û
û
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? ȇ
Ģ
^Ōŵ
ŮžjšŠʅh Ŏ˯
űžj
Ũh Šɳ
j
j = ĵŲb ĵŶžŰŠ
i
h
h Ŏû hƁ‹û bh Bź
h Ūi šû Ɇh bh
h = m ĵŲh bh Qĵ
Š h Ɋi Șb
Š h Šbh ƽź
j
ĸ
`źžĠ j ȼğȍ‹bh ƿɀj
j
h hûh i hi h û kğ
h ûh
h
`źųji Űŏû Ɋi ÿȔi Ŵi Ɨbh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ʼnp ńh = ǻ
Ȩ \ŋj k ŧȫ ƅ űŹj j ɅK ŴjŲ
h û hû h hûh hh
h û hh
i
Ǎj źh Ÿbh ŷi Ŷjû Ų Ůĸh ŪȬi ŴŰŦ ĵŶŽjq I űj Š ʄŎû ƃ‹
j ǞȮ jŢļȼŽ ŴŲb ͕
h iğ
h h
h û h
h Ǫj Šɴ
ů‹ ŴjŲ j Cŋjh Ň˖‹
ĵŲq źû ũ Ĭ‹
djʼnŹû Ȭh ťžû Ŭ ͖ ŴɆ
j
h ğ ğ h lm i h h û Šh h û h l i h h
x
i m
űi Ÿ;h ĵŁh bh Ũk ńh ^źŎi ŋɉ‹
`= AbʼnŹj őb űŹj j ŶʅŽj? ʼnšȨ Abŋŧȱ
i
h iğ h i hkhû
h
ğ hû hû
h
h ųjۊɾů‹
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ͗ ǻ
_źŪů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
b ĺ
j
ô ŠɰjžȊ‹
h Ģh hû h ğ hhû h û ûh h ğ h û i imh h
h û h j ğȍ‹bh jĹŭ
h šƦ
ǻ
j = Mĵ
j Ɍˁųɉ‹b jĬ‹ ĹŶšů űŹj žŰŠ `= űŸ>AŌŁ
h
û
hi h h
i
i Ŋh šh ů‹ űi Źi Ŷû ȭh ťi ŧğ ƞ
h Ȓj Š ɗh ͘
űû Ÿ ƅbh BA
ƅ ĵŹžjȯ ŴŽj
ğ h l i h û h h h Šh û h ü l i h h ğ ğ
h h
`jıŦ AźŅ
ŰŔ=b ūj ɉə ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj AźķĵĻ ŴŽjȑ‹ ƅj? ͙ `bŋi ŞŶiŽ
i
h h ğ ğ
h ? ʼnh šû Ȩh l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
hğ
f ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
űğ Ȫ űû Źj j ŶŠʅŽ
ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ͚ űžj
j
which youpl used to teacha and on account of what
you used to learn.” 80 Nor would he command you
to take the angels and the prophets as lords. Would
he command you to denial after you became
Muslimsb? 81 And recall when Allah took the pledge
of the (followers of the) prophets, “Inasmuch as Ic have
given you pl of scripture and wisdom, should a
messenger come to you confirming what you have,
you shall certainly believe in him and you shall
certainly support him.” He said, “Have you
consented and taken up that heavy load towards Me
upon yourselves?” They said, “We have consented.”
He said, “Then bear witness, and I am with you
among the witnesses.” 82 So whoever turns away
after that—those are the defiantly disobedient. 83
Do theyd seek other than the religion of Allah, when
to Him has submitted whoever is in the heavens and
the earth, willingly and reluctantly, and to Him they
will be returnede? 84 Saysg, “We have attained faith
in Allah, and in what was sent down upon us, and
in what was sent down upon Abraham and Ishmael
and Isaac and Jacob and the Grandsonsf, and in
what was brought to Moses and Jesus and the
prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction
between any of them, and to Him we are Muslimsb.”
And whoever seeks other than Islam as a
85
religion—it will not be accepted from him, and in
the Hereafter he is one of the losers. 86 How will
Allah guide a people who denied after their
attainment of faith and (after) having witnessed that
the Messenger is true and (after) evident explanations
had come to them, when Allah does not guide the
unjust people? 87 Those—their repayment is that
upon them falls the curse of Allah and of the angels
and of all mankind, 88 abiding therein; never will
the punishment be lightened for them, nor are they
given respite— 89 except those who repented
afterwards and reformed, for Allah is indeed OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 90 Indeed, those
who denied after their belief then increased in
denial—their repentance will not be accepted, for
it as: “. . . used to know and . . .”
All except for Ibn ʻAmer, ʻAsem, Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read
used is Muslimoon which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
The Arabic word
followed.
Qc
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Inasmuch as We have given you . . .”
Hamza read it as: “Because of what I have given you of scripture and wisdom, then a messenger has come to you . . .”
Qd
All except for Abu ʻAmr, Hafs and Yaʻqub read it as: “Do youpl seek . . .”
Qe
Yaʻqub read it as: “and to Him they return.”
All except for Hafs and Yaʻqub read it as: “and to Him youpl return.”
f
The different prophets of the Israelites.
Qa
b
40
Part 3. Imran’s Folk
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h Ġ ğ
h h ûi ğ ûi l i hû
i h h i
`źůĮŘɉ‹ űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh űû Źi ļi Ʌh źû Ļ Ůĸh Ūȩ Ŵů ˊŋq ŧȱ AbIAIL‹
h û hh x ği û ih l i hh l ihh h ğ ğ
Ŵjû Ų Ůĸh ŪȬi ŴŰŦ Kĵ
ŧŬ űŸb AźĻĵŲb Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ͛
hû û
h
i
h h h
û hh qh h
Š ʼnh ļh ȯ‹
j Ɓ‹ ;i ŮjŲk űjŸʼnj ńh =
űû Źi ɉ ūjɌʤĢ bl = mĀjñŷjķ c
źj ɉb ĵĸŸJ P˱
h f h h
ğ k h h
ğ ûů‹ l AźiɉĵŶh ȩh Ŵůh ͜ ŴɆ
h Dz
Š ğ ńh ǚ
Ʋ
ŊŠ
jj Šɓ ŴjŲ űŹi ɉ ĵŲbh űx Ȏj = BA
j
i
l
l
h
h Ġ
i i
h ğ `ğ ıhŦ p;ƾ
û ŴjŲ AźŪi jŧŶiĻ ĵŲh bh `
Ājŷjķ Ĭ‹
ô źĸjƕ ĵųjğ Ɋ AźŪjŧŶĻ
j
ğ h
k q
Ġi
ğ ȁø
x ŰŠh
m j hȊj Ɔjk ń `h ǽh _ĵ
j šh śů‹
͝ űžj
ĵŲh ƅj? ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
ûi i ğ hğhi h ûh
û h Šh h i Ģ h û h ğ h
Ůũ ô ŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
^ǣȩ `= Ůj ĸȰ ŴjŲ Ājŷ jŏŧȫ ȇ
ŮŽj;ʴŎj? _ŋń
i
i
m
h
h ûi
h û h Š h ûğ l iûh
h
h
Š
Ŵj ųȯ ͞ ǻjȰʼnj ɞ űļŶŬ `j ? ĵŸźŰĻĭŦ jĹƊKźȋĭjķ AźĻɂŦ
h Ģ h l i h h Šh û h ü h h û ğ h h Š h h û
iűŸi ū
j ɌʤbįŦ ūj ɉə ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj BjŊŭů‹ jĬ‹ ȇ cǛȯ‹
q h h Šh û h ğ l i ğ h i ğ h h h û i
ğ
h
ðĵŧžj Ŷń űžjŸɷķj? ĹŰjɊ AźšjĸĻĭŦ ñĬ‹ \ʼnŔ Ůũ ͟ `źųji ۊɾů‹
ğ ɉ şh ŗbi ĺžû Ȩh ^h bğ h= `ğ ? ͠ ǻj
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų `h ǽh ĵŲh bh
j ŶŰj
Mĵ
j p
j
j
ğh
û
k
h
ğ h
h ųۊɿh Űj ů cʼnq Ÿi bh Ȣq Kh ĵĸh Ųi Ĺh ŭ
ü i Š ɔAh ;h jŷžjȯ ͡ ǻ
ĺ
ĸjķ djȓɉ
j
hh ğ
h h h h h
i hğ x hkh
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? _ĵ
ȇ jĬj bh ñĵŶjq ŲA;h `ǽ ÿŷi ŰŇI ŴŲh bh ðűžj
j ŪŲ ĺŠɰjžȨ
q
h h
h h
û ŴŲh ĺžû hȊ‹û ŀjĠ ń Mĵ
j ğȍ‹
ŋh ŧȱ ŴŲh bh ô ƆžjȼŎh jŷûȎj? Sĵśh ļh Ŏ‹
j j
h û hûhĢh ûi
h h h û h Ğ ţh Ĭ
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ
Š
űjh ɉ Ķ
ɮj
j
j ŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ Ůũ ͢ ǻųj ۊɿů‹ Ŵj Š ƴ
j
h i h û h h Šh h f h i ğ h ğ
h iiû h
hŠ
ͣ `źŰųšȩ ĵŲ ȇ ʼnžŹj ő Ĭ‹b jĬ‹ ĺ
j ɔ˲ `bŋŧȲĻ
h Ġ i h h
ğ
h û hûhĢh ûi
h ŴŠh `b
Š
Ŵû Ųh jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
ʼn
ŕ
Ļ
űj
ɉ
Ķ
ɮj
j ŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ Ůũ
j j
h
h iğ hh imh h i ûi h qh hh iûh h h h
h
ĵųğ ȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ Ĭ‹
ĵŲb ñ ;AʼnŹő űļŵ=b ĵŁźjŠ ĵŹȫźŤĸȩ ŴŲA;
h h
l
l
q h i i
h ihûh
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ ͤ `ź
Ŵjh Ųk ĵŪɆŋj Ŧ Aźšž
śj Ļ `j? Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
Űųšȩ
i
û
l
i
Ġ ih h Šh
i h ğ
h û i Šh h û h
h ŋjŧŠɦ
ű
Ȳj
Ŷ
ʅŽ
?
ʼn
š
Ȩ
ű
ȡb
ͥ ŴɆ
I
ŋ
Ž
Ķ
ɮj
ŭ
ů‹
Aź
Ļb= ŴŽjȑ‹
j
j
h
h
ğ
i û h Šh û i û i h h i i û h h û h h
i Š ɔAh ;h űû Ȳ
žŰŠ ǔļȩ űļŵ=b `bŋŧȲĻ ťžȡb
jĬ‹ ĺ
hŠ h i û h h ğ
i
i i Ŏi Kh űû Ȳ
Ǔj? djʼnŸ ʼnŪȯ jĬĭjķ űŕj ļh šû Ȭh ŴŲh bh ÿñ Ȕź
žjȯbh
h h
h û Ġ h
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ ͦ ˈž
Ũğ ńh Ĭ‹
j
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
h
ğ
h
l i hû h
hi
h
i ih h
i =bh ƅ? Ŵğ ȩź
Aźųŕj ļȭ‹b ͧ `źųji Űŏû ŲĠ űļŵ
ųȩ ƅb ĀjŷjĻĵŪȩ
j
those are the ones who have gone astray. 91 Indeed,
those who denied and died as deniers—not even as
much as the earth full of gold would be accepted
from any of them, were he to offer it for ransom.
Those—for them is a painful punishment, and for
them there are no helpers. 92 Youpl will not attain
virtue until you spend of what you love, for
whatever you spend of anything, Allah is indeed
All-Knowing of it. 93 All food was permissible to
the Children of Israel except what Israel forbade for
himself before the Torah was bestowed from on
higha. Saysg, “Bring the Torah and read it, if youpl
are truthful.” 94 Then whoever fabricates lies about
Allah after that—then those are the unjust. 95 Saysg,
“Allah has spoken the truth. So follow pl the creed
of Abraham who turned away from all that is
false—and never was he one of the polytheists.” 96
Indeed, the first House established for mankind is
surely the one at Bakkah, blessed, and a guidance
for (all creatures in) all realms. 97 In it are evident signs:
the standing place of Abraham, and (that) whoever
enters it becomes secure. Thus, pilgrimage to the
House is a duty to Allah upon mankind—whoever
can make a way to it. Yet whoever has denied, then
Allah is indeed Self-Sufficient (without need for any of
the creatures) of all realms. 98 Saysg, “O People of the
Scripture, why do you deny the signs of Allah,
when Allah witnesses whatever you do?” 99 Say, “O
People of the Scripture, why do you bar from the
way of Allah whoever has attained faith, seeking to
make it crooked, even though you are witnesses?
And Allah is not oblivious of what you do.” 100 O
you who have attained faith, if you obey a group of
those who were given the Scripture, they turn you
after having attained faith into deniers. 101 And how
could you deny when Allah’s signsb are being read
to you and among you is His Messenger? And
whoever holds fast to Allah has surely been guided
to a straight path. 102 O you who have attained faith,
be mindful of Allah as is His due, and do not die
except as Muslims. 103 And hold fast to the lifeline
of Allah, all together, and do not become disunited.
And remember Allah’s blessing upon you: how you
were enemies, then He reconciled between your
hearts, and by His blessing you became brethren.
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . before the Torah was sent down.”
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qa
b
41
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
û h l iğhh hh q h ğ
ğ
h
h ųh šjû ŵ l Abŋi Ŭi J‹
b Aźô ũŋŧȩ ƅb ĵšžjƦ jĬ‹ Ůj ĸû Ɣ
jĬ‹ ĺ
j
h
h
ii hûh
hğ h m û
i
i ûh h
i Ŭi Jû ? űû Ȳ
űû ȲjɅźŰũ ǻ
žŰŠ
Ȩ ťůɂŦ ;q Aʼnh Š= űû ļŶ
j
h
û
h h Š h û i i h qŠh û m h û
û ĸh Ŕû hįhŦ
Ŵjh Ųk p ˅ŋh ŧńi ĵŧő ȇ
űļŶȡb ĵŵʆŇj? Ājŷjļųšj Ŷjķ űļi Ņ
h
i h i ğ i k h i h Šh h h û k i h h h h ğ
ĀjŷjļŠ ɔA;h űû Ȳů Ĭ‹
ǻj ȼŽ ūj ɉɶŬ ñĵŹŶjŲ űȱŊŪŵįŦ jKĵȍ‹
h h i û h x ği û i k i hû h
h
h i ğ h
Ǔj? `źŠʼnŽ ĹŲ= űȲŶjŲ ŴȲȋb ͨ `bʼni ļh Źû ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů
û
h iû
h
h h û hûhh
û û
û Ƣ‹
hû
j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ `bŋi Ɋi įɆh bh Ǟ
ˏŋj ŭŶųɉ‹ Ŵj Š `źŹŶɆb [b
j
l iğhh h ğ h l i i h hh
h i û iû i i h Ģhlih
Aźũŋŧȩ ŴŽjȑĭŬ AźŵźȲĻ ƅb ͩ `źŅj Űŧųɉ‹ űŸ ūjɌʤb=b
l ihhû
h h h i i hkhû i i hm h h û h
űû Źi ɉ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh ĺ
ô ŠɰjžȊ‹ űŸ;ĵŁ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ Ŵü Ųj AźŧŰļҋbh
ğĵŲhįhŦ x aźŁi bi IĠ źh ŏû h ȶbh x aźŁi bi ŖĠ žh ûȼhĻ _h źû hŽ ͪ űž
f Ŋh Šh
x Şj Šh BA
ô
l i ih û i h hûh iûhh h û ii i i û ğh û h ğ
AźũbŊŦ űȲj ŶŠʅŽj? ʼnšȨ űĻŋŧȱ= űŹŸźŁb DIźŎ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹
ğ h
h iû h i i h h h hû
û Řğ žh Ȩ‹û ŴŽ
h ȑ‹
ĺ
j ĵŲğ =bh ͫ `bŋi ŧȲĻ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ BAŊšů‹
h i Šh h û i ğ
h û
i i i
h û Kh ǏhŦ űû Źi Ÿź
ūŰj Ļ ͬ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ðjĬ‹ jĹƧ
Łb
j
û i i i i ğ h h k hû
h h h h i h ğ i Šh h
ĵųq Űŝ ʼnɆ
ŋj Ž Ĭ‹ ĵŲb ˍŨj ơĭjķ ūžû ŰŠ ĵŸźŰļû ȫ jĬ‹ ĺ
ɔA;
h
û
h
h
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh jĬğ j bh ͭ ǻ
h ųhۊɿh ûŰj ků
Ǔ˯ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲbh D
j
i
i
i
ğ
û Łh ŋŇû = ĹŲğ = Ǟ
i Ŭi ͮ Kź
h û Ňh űû ļŶ
i Ɋi Ɓ‹û şi Łh ŋû iĻ jĬ‹
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ĺ
Mĵ
g
j
ûh
ğ h i ûi h û h h hûh
û û h
j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ `bŋi Ɋi įĻ
ñjĬĭjķ `źŶjŲİĻbh ŋj ŭŶųi ɉ‹ Ŵj Š `źû ŹŶȩbh [b
ğ qû h h h h
h
û û
h û i û h h h h ûh h
Š
Ň `Ǿů Ķ
ɮj
`źŶji Ųİųi ɉ‹ űi Źi Ŷjû Ųk űˏ Źi ɉ ˊǞ
j ŭů‹ ŮŸ= ŴŲA; źɉb
hq m ğ û i i h h
h i Šhû i i ih û hh
Ġ Ž Ŵů ͯ `ź
`˯ ðcJ= ƅj? űȡbǴ
Ū jŏʁů‹ űŸǜȱ=b
h
û
h
i Ġ hi û i i Šhi
h i h i
i
û Ʌh ǰ
ğ Ȫi Kĵ
h hķIû Ɓ‹ űi ȡź
ĺ
Ͱ
DzŶ
Ž
ƅ
ű
ůźŽ űȡźŰjļʂŽ
`b
j
h
ğ
l
hh
iğk
i i
ğ
Ŵjh Ųk Ůp ĸû ńh bh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ůp ĸû hƔj ƅj? Aźm ŧjŪľ ĵŲh Ŵh Ȭû Ɂ Ĺůjȑ‹ űi Źj žû ŰŠ
hh û h i h ğ
h Ųk ĶŘh Ťh ķ b;i m ĵɅh bh Mĵ
j ğȍ‹
űi Źj žû ŰŠ ĺ
Ʌǰ
Ĭ
‹
Ŵj
b
j
j
j
p
l i h
ğh h h ihh û û
h iû
ğ
h
jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ Aźŵǽ űû Źi ȫɂjķ ūj ɉŠə ô ĹŶŭŏųh ɉ‹
l i h ğ l h h h h Šh k h û h h m h h û h i i û h h
Aźŵǽb AźŕŠ ĵųjķ ūj ɉə Ũ
ˏp ń Ǟ
j Ťjķ ;ĵžjĸ˩Ɓ‹ `źŰļŪɆb
x h mh x ği Šh û û h û k qmh h l i ûh
h ihûh
Ĺųjɋĵũ ĹŲ= Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲ ñ ;AźŎ Aźŏɀůø ͱ `bʼnļšȬ
And you were on the brink of a pit of fire, then He
rescued you from it. Allah thus clarifies His signs
for youpl, that you may be guided. 104 And let there
be a community from among you who call to
goodness and command to what is fair and forbid
what is deplorable, for those are the successful. 105
And be not like those who became disunited and
disputed after the evident explanations had come to
them, for for those is a great punishment— 106 on
a day when some faces are whitened and some faces
are blackened. So as for those whose faces werea
blackened: “Did you deny after having attained
faith?” Then taste the punishment on account of
what you used to deny. 107 And as for those whose
faces were whitened— (they are) in Allah’s mercy;
therein they abide. 108 Those are the signs of Allah;
We read them to yousg in truth. And Allah wants no
injustice for (all creatures of) all realms. 109 Thus, to
Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and
whatever is in the earth, and to Allah all matters are
returnedb. 110 You have been the best community
that was ever brought forth for mankind: you
command to what is fair and forbid what is
deplorable and believe in Allah. For had the People
of the Scripture believed, it would have been better
for them. Some of them are believers, but most of
them are defiantly disobedient. 111 They do not harm
youpl beyond hurtfulness. And if they combat you
they will turn around and flee, then they will not be
supported. 112 They have been stricken with
humiliation wherever they are caught, except
through a lifeline from Allah and a lifeline from the
people. And they have incurred wrath from Allah
and have been stricken with destituteness. That is
because they used to deny Allah’s signs and
unjustifiably kill the prophets. That is because they
disobeyed and used to transgress. 113 They are not
alike: of the People of the Scripture is a community
that is upright—they read Allah’s signsc throughout
the night while prostrating themselves. 114 They
believe in Allah and the Last Day and command to
what is fair and forbid what is deplorable and hasten
towards good works, for those are of the righteous.
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qb
Ibn ʻAmer, Hamza, Al Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . and to Allah all matters return.”
c
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
a
42
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h
h i ûh û i h ûğ hmh h ğ
û
h h iû
`źŶji ŲİiŽ Ͳ `bʼni ł
ŏȹ űŸb Ůj Ȏ‹ ;ĵŵA; jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔA;h `źŰļȬh
û
û
ğ
h h
û û h
Ŵj Š `źû Źh Ŷû Ɇh bh [b
j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ `bŋi Ɋi įɆh bh ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh jĬĭjķ
h i Šhi h h iû
ğ h h Ģ h l i h Šh û hû
h Ņj ۊɻů‹
ǻ
ŴjŲ ūjɌʤb=b D
ȹb ŋj ŭŶųɉ‹
j
ˌ j ɷžƢ‹ Ǎj `źŠŋj ɹ
l
h
i
h ûh û
hû i
h ûh hh
i ğ ‹bh ab
i ŰŠh Ĭ
ü űžj
ñ i ŋi ŧȲŽ ŴŰŦ Ǟ
p Ň ŴjŲ AźŰšŧȬ ĵŲb ͳ
i h
h h ûi h l ih h h ğ ğ
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉĭķ
Ť
ȩ
Ŵ
ů
Ab
ŋ
ŧ
ȱ
ŴŽj
ȑ‹
`
?
ǻ
űû Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ƴ
ʹ
j j
j
j
h
i
h
h
i ğ i Š h û h Ģ l h ðĵn q û h ğ h k i i Š û h m h h
űû Ÿ ˌjKĵȍ‹
ĶɳŔ= ūjɌʤb=b Zžő jĬ‹ ŴjŲ űŸʼnɧb= ƅb
ih
û Ġ Š h hû
h i Šh h
h i
h
j Cźžơ‹ j aŊj Šɪ Ǎj `źŪjŧŶiŽ ĵŲh ŮĿŲh ͵ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ
ĵžh ȫȐ‹
h
h
l
h
i
h h h
û hķĵŔh = Ǯ
h ȯ ŃɆK ŮĿh ųh Ŭh
Ğ j ĵŹžj
űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= Aźm ųi Űŝ ˉp źû ũ Eŋû ńh ĺ
p j j
h
h
h
h i û h û i h i û Š h iğ i ih h hh iûh h ûhh
Ͷ `źųj ŰŞȬ űŹŏŧŵ= ŴȲ
j ɧb Ĭ‹ űŹųŰŝ ĵŲb ŷô ļŭŰŸįŦ
h û i
l
q
i ğh h l ih h h ğ h ĠhĢh
h
i
ƅ űȲj ŵbI ŴjŲk Ĺŵĵśh j ķ AbŊň
j ļȩ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
m h û û
i h iûh
h hķ ʼnû hũ űû ļjĠ ŶŠh ĵŲh l AbIĠ bh ƅĵq ĸh Ňh űû Ȳ
Ŵjû Ų ;i ĵŘŤhȊ‹ D
ʼn
ŵźɉɂŽ
j
h
ûh
h ih û
ûi
i h
ii i i
űi Ȳů ĵŶğ ɀğ hķ ʼnû ũ ôǚ
ȱ= űû ŸKb
ʼnŔ Ǐj ƛ ĵŲh bh űû Źj jŸŠ ʆh Ŧ=
h
h i mh i i hĢh
h i h i i
h
ƅbh űû Źi ȫźĸjĠ ƕ ;j ƅbl = űû ļŵ
įʧ ͷ `źŰjŪšû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ `j? ĺ
ˌ j Š ɔ˖‹
lmi h û i ih h
ki
h û h i ûih û i h Ġ i
Aźɉĵũ űȡźŪů AJ˯ Ājŷjǿ Ķ
j Šɮjŭůĭjķ `źŶjŲİĻb űȲŵźĸjƘ
ûi ûh û h h hh û i i ûh h l Ġ h lûh h h ğ h h
ˏ j žŤů‹ ŴjŲ ŮjɊĵŵƁ‹ űȲžŰŠ AźŘŠ AźŰŇ AJ˯ ĵŶŲA;
Ůũ Ŝ
h hğ ğ û i ûh l i i
Ġ DAŊh ķ ü űžj
`j? ñűȲŞj žŤjķ AźĻźɊ
`j? ͸ jKbʼni ŕɉ‹
j j i ŰŠ Ĭ‹
l i hûh x h k h û i û i
h
i û h x
i
AźńŋŧȬ ĹĴjɀŎ űȲĸŕj Ļ `˯ űû Ÿİŏi ȶ ĹŶh ŏh ńh űû Ȳŏû ŏh ųû ȩ
ğ
h i h i Ġ i h h l iğhh l i û h
`j? ñĵnZe žû ő űû Ÿʼni žû Ŭ űû ȱǴ
Ž ƅ AźŪļȩb Abǚj ŕĻ `˯ ðĵŹh j ķ
i i h ûh
h ih ûh h hğ
h h û
x Ƥi `ź
@jźk ĸh ȩ ūj ŰŸ= Ŵjû Ų Dbû ʼnh ţ J˯ ͹ řžj
ŰųšȬ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹
û
h û
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
i ğ ‹bh ^ĵļh jŪŰj ɉ ʼnh jšŠʂh Ųh ǻj
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ
f ŰŠh şž
ĺųğ Ÿ Jj? ͺ űžj
ˍj
ğ hh
i
hh m ğ
i ğ bh Ɔh Œh ŧû ȩh `h= űû ȲŶj
Ų `ĵ
jĬ‹ ȇbh ñĵųh Źi ȎĠ j bh Ĭ‹
j ļŧjɋĵŚ
h i û iû ğhhhûh
i h=bh Kʼnû ĸh ķ Ĭ‹
i ğ űi ȡi Dz
h h hŵ ʼnû Ūh hůbh ͻ `ź
ŶjŲİųɉ‹ Ȥ
űû ļŵ
j
j źļžŰŦ
p
l
ğ
i ih û
h
i
h
û
ğ h x ğ h
h
i
h ğ AźŪi ȩĭ
^źŪȩ Jj? ͼ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ů Ĭ‹
Ŧ ð ĹůjJ=
hh Š h i Ġ h û i ğ i h û i h û h h h h û i û
jĹĿʄĿjķ űȲɅK űȱʼnųj Ž `= űȲžjŧȲŽ ŴůɁ ǻj ŶŲj İųŰj ɉ
And whatever good theya do, they will not be
denied it, for Allah is All-Knowing of those who
are mindful (of Him). 116 Those who have denied—
surely, neither their wealths nor their children will
avail them anything against Allah, for those are the
fellows of the Fire; therein they abide. 117 The
parable of what they spend in this Earlier Life is that
of a frosty wind that struck the field of a people who
had been unjust to themselves and annihilated it.
And Allah was not unjust to them; rather, they are
unjust to themselves. 118 O you who have attained
faith, do not take outsiders for confidants: they
never cease to cause you confusion. They have
(always) loved to see you suffer. Hatred has already
appeared from their mouths, but what their chests
hide is bigger. We have already made the messages
evident for you, if you have been reasoning. 119
There youpl are, loving them whereas they do not
love you, and you believe in the entire Scripture.
And when they encounter you, they say, “We have
attained faith,” but when they are alone, they bite
their fingers in rage at you. Saysg, “Diepl in your
rage. Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of what lies
within the chests.” 120 If any good touches youpl, it
upsets them. But if anything evil befalls you, they
rejoice at it. Yet if you persevere patiently and
become mindful (of God), their plots will not harm
you at all. Indeed, Allah is All-Encompassing of
what they do. 121 And recall when yousg left your
household in the morning, assigning battlepositions for the believers. For Allah is All-Hearing,
All-Knowing. 122 Recall when two factions of youpl
almost faltered, but Allah was their Ultimate
Guardian. So in Allah let the believers place their
trust. 123 And Allah had very truly given you pl
support at Badr when you were humbleb. So be
mindful of Allah, that you may give thanks. 124
Recall sayingsg to the believers, “Shall it not suffice
you that your Lord should help you with three
thousand angels sent downc?” 125 Yes indeed, (but) if
youpl persevere patiently and become mindful (of
God) and they attack you suddenly, your Lord will
aid you with five thousand angels having marksd (of
Allah did not make it except as
distinction). 126 And
glad tidings for you and so that your hearts should
115
All except Hafs, Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “And whatever good youpl do, you will not be denied it . . .”
They were lesser in number and in weaponry.
c
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . three thousand angels bestowed from on high?”
Qd
All except Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . five thousand marked angels.”
Qa
b
43
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
l iğhh l i û h
h Ģ h h û h k Šh h
h
h ůǣ
h Ųi Ĺj ŭ
Ģ hķ ͽ ǻj
AźŪļȩb Abǚj ŕĻ `j? ô ǔ
j Ɍˁųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ťp ɧA;
i iû
h h
h
h
i
i û
jĹŏh ųû ƚj űȲɅĠ Kh űû ȱIjʼnųû Ȭi AŊŠɪ űjû ŸjKźû Ŧ ŴjŲk űȡźĻɂɆh bh
ğ iğ ihh h hh
h h
h Ģh hû h k
h Ųźk ŏh Ɋi jĹŭ
ƅj? Ĭ‹
ŷŰšŁ ĵŲb ; ǻj
j Ɍˁųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ťp Š ɧA;
j
ğ i û ğ hh
i i ii ğ h ûh h û i h Š h ûi
ȍ‹ ĵŲb Ājñŷjķ űȲɅź
Űũ ŴjɌųś jȋb űȲů cǬȵ
Ŵjû Ų ƅj? Dz
ğ
ğ
h ȑ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ĵŦq ŋh Śh şh śh Ūû hȎj Ϳ űj žjŭơ‹
h û ŌɆŌšh ûů‹ jĬ‹
ʼnj ŶjŠ
ŴŽj
j j
h
l
l
h
h
m
h hh û ih û h û m ihh
h
h ĸɋĵŇh Aźĸji ŰŪŶ
Ŵjh Ų ūɉ ōh ûɀů ΀ ǻ
žȯ űŹļjĸȲŽ b= Abŋŧȱ
jj
h
h
k
h
h ğ h
h h ih ûh f û h ûhû
`źųji ۊɡ űû Źi ȫjıŦ űû Źi Ȩjh Ŋšh Ȭi bû = űû Źj žû ŰŠ Bź
ļȬ b= ;ƾ ŋj ɊƁ‹
hû
mi h h h i û h
h
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh jĬğ j bh ΁
;ĵŒȹ Ŵųj ɉ ŋjŧŤȬ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲbh D
j
h
ğ
m
h
i ğ bh ;i ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh Bj
i Ŋk šh Ɇi bh
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯ Ĭ‹
h ȑ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ h ΂ űžj
ŴŽj
ô
i ûh h l ih h
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ð Ĺq ŧh šh Š ɼh ŲĠ ĵŧq Š ɿh ŗû h= l AźĢ Ʌh ŋɉ‹
k l AźŰi ȱ
Ĭ‹
įĻ ƅ AźŶŲA;
j
i
h i ûi û i ğhh
û
h ğȍ‹ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ΃ `ź
m j ů‹ğ Kĵ
Ņj Űŧȩ űȲŰšů
Dʼnjğ Š= Ʋ
h
h û
h ih ûi û i ğhh h i ğ h hğ l i h
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
Űj ɉ
`źƧ
ŋĻ űȲŰšů ^źŎŋɉ‹b Ĭ‹ AźšžjŚ=b ΄ ŴɆ
j
û h l
i h
i
h ΅
ĵŹh ŗŋû Š Ĺg Ŷğ Łh bh űû ȲjɅk Kğ ŴjŲk p ˅ŋh jŧŤŲh ǓŠ j ? Aźm Ši jKĵŎh bø
h i
i h û h i ŠhŠh ğ
h Ūļğ ųi ûŰj ɉ Dû ʼnjğ Ši= P˱
h ȑ‹ğ Ά ǻ
`źŪjŧŶiŽ ŴŽj
Ɓ‹b Dʆʅŏɉ‹
j
h h hû h hûhû h Šh û h jmğ ğ h jmğ ğ
Ŵj Š ǻj
ȯĵšů‹b ŜžŤů‹ ǻųj Şj ʃů‹b ;AǴɉ‹b ;AǪɉ‹ Ǎj
l ihh h h ğ h
û ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
i ğ bh Mĵ
ğ
AźŰšȯ AJj? ŴŽjȑ‹b · ǻ
j
ˍ j ȍ‹
l i h û h û h h ğ l i h h û i h i h l m i h h û h e h Šh
AbŋŧŤļŎĭŦ Ĭ‹ AbŋŬJ űŹŏŧŵ= AźųŰŝ b= ĹŒŅ
j ɤ
ğ
h
Ġ i ûh hh û ii
h iŵȑ‹
i ğ ƅ? Bź
Ġ j iŽ űû h ɉbh Ĭ‹
Š h l AbDz
ĵŲh ȇ
ŋjŧŤȬ ŴŲb űŹj j Ʌźŵȑj
j
i
h h
x û
h h
i im
i l i h
ŴjŲk Cŋh jŧŤŲğ űŸ>AŌh Łh ūjɌʤĢ bl = Έ `źųi Űšû Ȭh űû Ÿbh AźŰšh ȯ
h
x Šɰğ Łh bh űû ŹɅk Kğ
h ȯ ŴŽj
h Ȓj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹û ĵŹh j ļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋûƏh ĺ
ô ĵŹžj
jj
j
h h ûh
hŠ û i û h h û h
i ûh
xǺh Ŏi űû Ȳj
h
û
ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ĺŰŇ ʼnũ Ή ǻj Űųj ɿů‹ ŋŁ= űšj ŵb
hû
û
l i h
h
i h
h ȨjŊk ŭųi ɉ‹ Ĺi ĸh ŪŠ ɢh `h ǽh ťh žû Ŭh l Abŋi Şŵĭ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj AbǞjŏ
ǻ
Ŧ P˱
Ŧ
j
j
hh
û
k
k
ğ ů `x ĵžh Ȩh AŊh Šɪh Ί
h Ūļğ ųi Űj ů xĹŞjh Šźû Ɋh bh cʼnq Ÿi bh Mĵ
j ŶŰj
ƅb ΋ ǻ
j
h ûh ûh û i i hh l ihûh hh l i h
û Ġ i i
h
`j? Ό ǻj ŶŲj İŲ űļŶŬ `j? `źŰŠƁ‹ űļŵ=b AźŵŌƕ ƅb AźŶŹj Ļ
find comfort thereby. For support comes not except
from Allah the Almighty, the All-Wise— 127 in
order to cut off a fringe of those who denied or
repress them so that they may return as losers. 128
Yousg have nothing (to say) regarding this matter:
whether He accepts their repentance or punishes
them, for they are certainly unjust. 129 Thus to Allah
belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is
in the earth. He forgives whom He wills and He
punishes whom He wills, for Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 130 O you who have attained
faith, do not devour usury, multiplied (and) remultiplied, and be mindful of Allah, that you may
be successful. 131 And guard yourselves against the
Fire that has been prepared for the deniers. 132 And
obey Allah and the Messenger, that you may obtain
mercy. 133 Anda hasten towards forgiveness from
your pl Lord and a Garden as wide as the heavens
and the earth, prepared for the mindful (of God): 134
those who spend in prosperity and adversity, and
those who restrain (their) rage, and those who forgive
mankind—for Allah loves those who excel in doing
good, 135 and those who, when they commit an
indecency or wrong themselves, remember Allah
then ask forgiveness for their misdeeds—for who
forgives misdeeds except Allah? And they do not
persist in their wrongdoing while they know. 136
Those—their repayment is forgiveness from their
Lord and Gardens beneath which rivers f low,
abiding therein, and how excellent is the reward of
the workers! 137 Many rules (God set) for those before
youpl have passed away, so journey through the
earth and look what the outcome was for the
disbelievers. 138 This is a proclamation to mankind,
and guidance and an admonition for people who are
mindful (of God). 139 And do not waver nor grieve, for
you are the highest as long as you are believers. 140
If a blow touches you, a similar blow has surely
touched the (other) people. For such days We alternate
between mankind, and so that Allahb may know
those who have attained faith and take witnessesc
from among you. For Allah does not love the unjust.
And so that Allah may purge those who have
141
eliminate the deniers.
Or did
attained faith and
142
you think that you would enter the Garden (of
Qa
b
c
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Hasten towards . . .”
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
The Arabic word used is shuhada’, which literally means ‘witnesses’ and is usually used to describe martyrs.
44
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
h û
ūŰj Ļbh
l ih h
AźŶŲA;
hh x h i
x h hû
Gŋû ũ _h źû Ūů‹ ōğ Ɋh ʼnû Ūȯ Gŋû ũ űû Ȳŏû ŏh ųû Ȭh
h û Ȩh ĵŹh i ɉbAʼnh iŵ _ĵ
i ğŽhƁ‹û
i ğ űh hŰšû hȎj bh Mĵ
j ğȍ‹ ǻ
Ĭ‹
j
i h iğ h hmh h i û i
h ğhh
ğŠ
h
Ġ
΍ ǻųj j Űɾů‹ ĶjƘ ƅ Ĭ‹b ñ ;AʼnŹő űȲŶjŲ Ŋň
j ļɆb
hû
ğ
û
l
h
k
h ųû Ɇh bh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
i ğ œh Ņ
h ȑ‹ Ĭ‹
h ŋjŧŠʃ
_= Ύ ŴɆ
ů‹ Ũh Ņ
j ųh iȎj bh
j
l i h Š h h ğ i ğ h û h ğ h h h ğ hû l i i û h h û i û h
AbʼnŹɕ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ĭ‹ űj ŰšȬ ĵųɉb ĹŶƠ‹ AźŰŇʼnĻ `= űļȼ jŏń
ğ hhûhh û i
h û h h i i û hhh
h ǚŠɻů‹
űŰšɆb űȲŶjŲ
Dźû ųh ɉ‹ `źû Ŷğ ųh ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ʼnŪůb Ώ ŴɆ
jj
h
h
û
h i h i h i iiû h û hh iû h h h ûh
ĵŲh bh ΐ `bŋi ŞŶĻ űû ļŵ
=b aźųļȬɁK ʼnŪȯ aźŪŰĻ `= Ůj ĸȰ ŴjŲ
h
x ih ğ f ğhi
h i Ġ
h
h
û hŰŇh ʼnû hũ ^ź
DĵŲğ ŴlŽjıŦ= ô ŮŎi ŋɉ‹
jŷjŰĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĺ
ŎK ƅj? ʼnųƤ
h
h
h
h
h
h h h h û i Šh û Ģ û iûh h h i ûh
ûjŷžĸh Ūj Šh ȇ
Š Ķjû ŰŪŶ
Ž ŴŲb űô ȲjĸʂŠ= ȇ űļĸŰŪŵ‹ Ůjļũ b=
ğ iğ
û žh Ŏh bh ĵnZq žû őh Ĭ‹
hğ Ǵ
ğ i hŽ ŴhŰhŦ
h ŋjŭɺů‹
Ĭ‹ dŌj ł
ĵŲh bh Α ŴɆ
ô
j Š
ğ h h h
q h
û
û h h
h ğ
ŴŲh bh ñ ƆŁğ İŲĠ ĵĸq ŠɮjŬ jĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ ƅj? Dźųi ȩ `= ōg ŧh jȍ `ǽ
Ġ BA
h źh hľ Iû ŋiŽ ŴŲh bh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų ĀjŷjĻİû iŵ ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
h źh hľ Iû ŋiŽ
j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ BA
j
j
h
h
ğ
ğ
û Ŷh Ŏh bh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų ĀjŷjĻİû iŵ
h ŋjŭɺů‹
k ŵ ŴjŲk ŴjkŽɂȡbh Β ŴɆ
dŌj ł
Ʊ
ô
j Š
jp
h
h
û ih h m h l ih h h h x h h Ġk i h h hh h
Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj űŹȨĵŔ= ĵųj ɉ AźŶŸb ĵųȯ ǞjĿŬ `źžjɅjK ÿŷšŲ ŮļŠɥ
i iğ h l i h h û hh l ii h hh ğ
ğ
h ǚŠɻů‹
Γ ŴɆ
ĶjĠ Ƙ Ĭ‹
b Aźñ ŵǾļŎ‹ ĵŲb Aźŧšŗ ĵŲb jĬ‹
jj
û hğ h l i h h m ğ û ihûh h h h h
h iŵJi ĵhȍh ŋû jŧţ‹
ĵŶh Ʌź
ĵŶɅK Aźɉĵũ `= ƅj? űŹɉźũ `ǽ ĵŲb
h
hû h hû i h hh hûh û khh h ûh m hh h û
b ĵŶŲAʼnũ= ĺjĸȪb ĵŵŋj Ɋ= Ǎj ĵŶȯAǦ˯
_j źû Ūů‹ ȇ ĵŵDzŵ‹
h û
h
hh h û i h hûĠ h hh iğ i i h hh
BA
j źľ Ŵŏńb ĵžȫȐ‹ BAźľ Ĭ‹ űŹŠƋĻĵnZŦ Δ ŴɆŋj jŧŠʃů‹
lm i h h h ğ h Ġh h
û ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
i ğ bh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹
Ģ Εǻ
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
j
ˍ
h
ğ
h
l
l
i
i hû Ģ h û Ġih i h h
i śiĻ `?
h ȑ‹ Aźšž
űû ȲjĸŠʂŠ= ȇ
űȡbIŋŽ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
j
j
l
h
h hh
i Š ûh iğ
i û Ňh źh Ÿi bh ðűû Ȳ
h Ǫj Š ɗh Aźĸji ŰŪŶ
ļȯ
Ǟ
ƋůźɊ Ĭ‹ Ůj hķ Ζ ŴɆ
j
ğ
l
û
i
i
h h
ğ
i h
h Šû ŋɉ‹
h j Šɰů‹
Ġ Abŋi ŧh ȱ
Ķ
ŴŽjȑ‹ Bź
j Űũ Ǎj ǐj ŰŶŎ Η ŴɆDz
j
û
khi ûh h ğ l ih ûh mh
ið Kĵğȍ‹ űi Źi Š Ɗbh įŲh bh ðĵŶq Šɽh ûŰŎi Ājŷķ ^û ǣ
j j Ȭ űɉ ĵŲ jĬĭjķ AźȡǨ= ĵųjķ
û
ğ
û
û iğ i i h h h û hhh
h ųjۊɾů‹
ÿm iaʼnh Šbh Ĭ‹
űȲũʼnŔ ʼnŪůb Θ ǻ
cźh ĿŲh ōh ȻjɅbh
j
Paradise) when Allah has not yet known those of you
who have striven and known the patient ones? 143
And most surely youpl used to wish for death before
you had encountered it, but now you have surely
seen it as you were beholding. 144 Thus Muhammad
is no more than a messenger before whom
messengers have passed on. Then will it be that if
he dies or gets killed youpl will turn on your heels?
For whoever turns on his heels—he will not harm
Allah in any way. And Allah will repay the thankful
ones. 145 For never was it for anyone to die except
by Allah’s leave at a predetermined time. So
whoever wants the recompense of the Earlier (Life),
We a bring him of it. And whoever wants the
recompense of the Hereafter, We bring him of it.
And We will repay the thankful ones. 146 And how
many a prophet has had numerous godlyb people
combatingc alongside him? And they did not waver
regardless of that which afflicted them in the way
of Allah, nor did they weaken, nor did they give in.
And Allah loves the patient ones. 147 And their only
words were, “Our Lord, forgive us our misdeeds
and our extremism in (dealing with) our matters, and
strengthen our foothold and support us against the
denying people.” 148 So Allah brought them the
recompense of the Earlier (Life) and the most
excellent recompense of the Hereafter, for Allah
loves those who excel in doing good. 149 O you who
have attained faith, if you obey those who have
denied, they will turn you back on your heels and
you will end up losers. 150 Indeed, Allah is your
Patron, and He is the Best of Helpers. 151 We will
throw terror into the hearts of those who have
denied because they associated with Allahd (partners)
for which He bestowed from on highe no authority.
And their shelter is the Fire, and how miserable is
the dwelling of the unjust! 152 And very truly Allah
fulfilled His promise to you as you decimated them
by His leave, until when you faltered and disagreed
with each other about the matter and disobeyed
after He had shown you what you love: of you is one
who wants the Earlier (Life), and of you is one who
wants the Hereafter. Then He turned you away from
But very truly He has pardoned
them to test you.
iû
ÿô ŷi ŰĿjŲk
h ȑ‹ğ
ŴŽj
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Literally ‘Lordly’.
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . numerous godly people killed alongside him?”
d
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qe
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . for which He sent down no authority.”
a
b
45
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
hû
û h h ğ h
û h
h Ġ ih û
Ģ ń ĀjðŷjŵJû j ıjȨ űŹi ȫź
ŋj Ɋû Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû ļi ȭŌh Šɰh Ļbh űû ļi Ű jŒŦ AJj? Ʋ
ŏƕ Jj?
h
i
mh û
h Ġ
i
ğ i
k i h h
ŴŲğ űȲŶjŲ `ź
ô ĸjƕ ĵŲ űȲŠƊKh = ĵŲ ʼnj šȨh Ŵü Ųj űļžû ŕŠbh
you, for Allah is Gracious towards the believers. 153
Recall climbingpl and not looking back for anyone,
with the Messenger calling you from your reara.
Then He repaid you with sorrow on account of the
sorrow (you caused the prophet) so that you would not
grieve over what you missed or for what befell you.
For Allah is All-Aware of what you do. 154 Then
after the stress He sent down upon youpl security (in
the form of) drowsiness overcomingb a faction of you,
while a faction cared only for themselves, assuming
about Allah contrary to the truth—assumptions of
the era of ignorancec—saying, “Is anything up to
us?” Saysg, “Everything is up to Allah.” They hide
within themselves what they do not disclose to you.
They say, “If it were up to us, none of us would have
been killed here.” Saysg, “Even if you had stayed in
your houses, those destined to be killed would have
emerged to their death beds.” And so that Allah
may test what is in your chests and so that He may
purge what is in your hearts, for Allah is AllKnowing of what lies within the chests. 155 Indeed,
those of you who turned away on the day when the
two armies met—it was Satan who caused them to
backslide on account of some of what they had
earned. But Allah has most surely pardoned them,
for Allah is indeed Oft-Forgiving, Forbearing. 156 O
you who have attained faith, do not be like those
who denied and said of their brethren who traveled
in the land or were on an expedition, “Had they
stayed with us, they would not have died or got
killed.” So that Allah may make it a cause of regret
in their hearts. For Allah gives life and causes
death, and Allah is All-Seeing of what youpl dod. 157
Thus if youpl get killed in the way of Allah or die—
surely, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are better
than what theye hoard. 158 For if youpl die or get
killed, then surely to Allah you will be herded. 159
So it is by mercy from Allah that yousg were gentle
with them. And had you been harsh, hard-hearted,
they would have dispersed from around you. So
pardonsg them and ask forgiveness for them and
consult them in the conduct of affairs. And when
ûĠ i i
i hh h ği hh
i
i ŋiŽ ŴŲğ űȲŶj
űȪ ô CŋjŇ˖‹ ʼnɆ
űû ȲŦǮ
Ųbh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
ʼnɆŋj Ž
j
hh û h i iğ h û i h h h û hhh û i h hûh û iû h
ȇ Ůg ŘŦ bJ Ĭ‹b ñűȲŶŠ ĵŧȭ ʼnŪůb ðűȲžj ŰļȼȎj űŹŶȭ
h hh h ûh hh h i û i û
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
Ģ `ÿźi ŰĻ ƅb `bʼnšj ŕĻ Jj?ø Ι ǻj
ʼnp ńh = ȇ
h i hhh i
h
û i m û i i ûh i i ğ h
ˈpk Ťjķ ˋü ųğ Ȯ űû Ȳĸh Š ɒįŦ űû ȲŠƊŋh Ň= Ǎ
j űȡźŠʼnŽ ^źŎŋɉ‹b
h
h
m
i h h h
i h h h Šh h l i h û h h û h k
i ğ bh űû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
AźŵŌƕ Ɔžŭj ů
ñ ĸŠɞ= ĵŲ ƅbh űû ȲĻĵŦ ĵŲ ȇ
h
û
h
h
i
h
h
h
i
h h ği
i ĸŇh
űkj Ťů‹ ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űȲžû ŰŠ ^Ōŵ
= űȪ Κ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh j ķ ü Ǟ
j
h
m
m
x
q
q
h
i k h h Š h ûh q hĠ hhh
ûűŹi ļû ųğ Ÿh = ʼnû ũ Ĺŧh ɋĵŚh bh ðűû ȲŶj
Ų ĹŧjɋĵŚ ǀŤȬ ĵŎĵšȫ ĹŶŲ=
j
û
û
i
h i
h Ġ ih û i i i h
h ů‹ Ŵğ ŝh Ũk ơ‹
h û Ȯh jĬğ ĭķ `ź
h Ǟ
`źɉźŪȬh ˌjĹžjğ ŰŹj Šɲ
ŶŞȬ űŹŏŧŵ=
j
j
h
h
û
ğ h
ğ iği û û ğ ûi û h
ŴjŲ ŋj Ɋû Ɓ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĵhȍ ŮŸ
ñjĬj ÿŷǿ ŋh ɊƁ‹ `j? Ůũ ˍ;p ƾ
h
h h h h h i i h h h
i h m h iûi
ĵhȍ `ǽ źû ɉ `źɉźŪȬh ðūɉ `bʼni ĸû Ȭi ƅ ĵŲğ űŹj jŏŧŵ= Ǎ
j `źŧƞ
h
i ğ i
h û i
i
û h ŋɊû Ɓ‹û Ŵjh Ų
űû Ȳj Ļźži Ȩi Ǎj űû ļi ŶŬ źû ů Ůũ ñĵŶh Źi Šɪ ĵŶh Űjļũ ĵŲğ x;ƾ
j
h
û
h
i
i
h
h
h
û i û
h
h
h ğ h hhh
h j ļh ûȼhȎj bh ðűû Źj jšŁ
ǔ
j ĵŘɊ ǓŠ j ? ŮļŪů‹ űŹj žŰŠ ĶjļŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ Lǚů
ii
i
h h k ųh iȎj bh űû ȡi Kbʼni Ŕi Ǎ ĵŲh Ĭ‹
iğ
i ğ bh űû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
j
ô j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ĵŲ œŅ
j
j
l ğ h h ğ ğ
h
i
Ġ DAŊh ķ ü űžj
ȑ‹ `j? Λ jKbʼni ŕɉ‹
_h źû hŽ űû ȲŶjŲ Aźû ůźh Ļ ŴŽj
j j i ŰŠ
û hhû
l i h h h
ğhh û h ğ
ğ
h ųû Ơ‹
h
Aźð ĸŏŬ ĵŲ Ŗj šû ĸh j ķ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ űi Źi ɉǡ
Ŏ‹ ĵųȫj? `ĵ
š
ǐȋ‹
j
h
h ğ `ğ ? űû Źi Ŷû ȭh Ĭ‹
i ğ ĵŧh ȭh ʼnû Ūh hůbh
x Űńh Kź
f ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
Ģ h Μ űžj
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
j ñ
l i hh l ihh
i h h l ih h h ğ
h ȑĭğ Ŭh l AźiŵźȲ
Aźɉĵũb Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
Ļ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
hû
l h h h û hû
l i h û ğ kq i l i h û h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj AźɅi ǰ
AJj? űŹj j ŵŠʆŇƃj j
Aźŵǽ źů cŌţ Aźŵǽ b= P˱
q h û h h Šh i ğ h h û h l i i h h l i h h h h
ń ūj ɉə Ĭ‹ ŮšłȎj AźŰjļũ ĵŲb AźĻĵŲ ĵŲ ĵŵʼnŶjŠ
Ǎj CǪ
h i h
i ųj Ɇi bh Āƻû iŽ Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh űû ŹɅźiŰiũ
i ğ bh ñĺž
Ν xǞŕj hķ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh j ķ Ĭ‹
ñ jj
j
h
û
h
fhûhh ğ h k xh ûh ûĠi û ğ
h Ǎ űû ļi Űjļiũ ŴɌhůbh
ĹƧ
Kb jĬ‹ ŴjŲ CŋjŧŤųɉ űļŲ b= jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
j
j
j
j
h
h
h
û
h
h
i
h
ğ
û
h
jĬ‹ Ǔƃj űû ļi Űjļũ bû = űû ļĠ ŲĠ ŴjɌůbh Ξ `źši ųh ƒ ĵųjğ Ɋk xǞû Ň
At the battle of Uhud,
the Muslims fled the battlefield upon their defeat and the Prophet (peace be upon him) stood calling
them to come back and fight.
Qb
Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “He sent down upon youpl security overcoming a faction of you (in the form of)
a nap, while a faction . . .”
c
The Arabic word used is jahiliyah which is derived from jahl, meaning ‘ignorance’, and refers to the pre-Islamic phase
of paganism.
Qd
Ibn Kathir, Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . and Allah is All-Seeing of what they do.”
Qe
All except for Hafs read it as: “. . . better than what youpl hoard.”
a
46
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
ĝ h h i ûh h û ih h
h i h ûi
ğ
h û Kh ĵųh ĸhŦ Ο `b
ĵŞȯ ĺŶ
Ŭ źɉb ðűŹɉ ĺ jȍ jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk pĹƧ
Ǭƕ
j
h
l Ġ h
û hû h h
i û h h
h
űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ťȭĭŦ ðūj ɉźû ńh Ŵjû Ų AźŘŧŵ˔ Ķ
j ŰŪů‹ Ŝžj Űţ
hh ûğ h h ûh h h h ûhû
h û û h
i h
b
ȇ Ȥźh ļh ȯ ĺ
ŲŌŠ AJjıŦ ˌŋj ɊƁ‹ Ǎj űû ŸKû jbĵőbh űû Źi ɉ ŋû jŧŤļh Ŏ‹
û
hh iğ i i û i h
ğ
h ȣj k źh ļh ųi ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? jĬ‹
ƆŦ Ĭ‹ űȱDzŶŽ `j? Π ǻj
j ô
h
i h
i i i h ğ h h h û i ûi ûh
Ž djȑ‹ AJ Ŵųȯ űȲůŊƞ `˯ ðűû Ȳů Ķjh ůȖ
Ŵü Ųj k űȱDzŶ
h
h i û iû ğhhhûh ğ hh h
ûh
k h jȍ `h ǽh ĵŲh bh Ρ `ź
ŶjŲİųɉ‹ Ȥ
`= Ʊ
j źļžŰŦ jĬ‹ ȇb Ājñaʼnj šȨ
gj
ûh ûi û h h ği h
Ġ i Šğ h i ğ i h h û h û h ğ h h
Š
ȁ ȝźĻ űȪ ˏjĹųɱjŪů‹ _źŽ Ůţ ĵųjķ D
j įŽ ŮŰŤȬ ŴŲbh ô ŮŤȬ
ûh
h h û h i û h h h ğ
h Šh û h h ğ h h h
ĸŏŬ ĵŲ ōp ŧȫ
`ʆŗjK şĸȩ‹ Ŵj ųȯ= ΢ `źųi ŰŞȬi ƅ űû Ÿbh ĺ
h ğ
m
û h i ğ h h iŠ hû h h ğ h k
h
h
ōȻjɅb ðűŶŹŁ ŷƊbįŲb jĬ‹ ŴjŲ řp ňŏh j ȵ ;h ĵhķ Ŵü ųh Ŭ jĬ‹
ğ h
i ŕj hķ Ĭ‹
i ğ bh jĬ‹
i ŕj ųh û ɉ‹
f Š ɕh Kh Ih űû Ÿi Σ Ǟ
ĵųh j ķ ü Ǟ
ʼnŶjŠ ĺ
ñ
û h û iû hh iğ ğ h û hh
h i
h
űû Źj žjȯ Ľšh Ȩh Jj? ǻj
ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ȇ Ĭ‹ ŴŲ ʼnŪů Τ `źŰųh šû Ȭh
q
k
hh l i
i h
h
űû Źj žj ȡŌh Ɇi bh ĀjŷjļŠɔA;h űû Źj žû ŰŠ AźŰļû Ȭh űû Źj jŏŧŵ= Ŵjû Ųk ƅźŎi Kh
l i h
h i h
h û û
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ űi Źi ųji kŰšh Ɇi bh
Ǐj ů Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ Aźŵǽ `˯ Ĺųh ŭj ơ‹bh Ķ
h h x h Ġ i ûh h h m ğhhh
Ġ h h
űļi ĸû Ŕh = ʼnû ũ Ĺĸž
ŕj Ų űȲļĸŠɞ= ĵųɉb= Υ ǻ
g j ĸŲ Ůp Š ʄŗ
i h
i
i û i h h Šğ h û i û i h û h û k
h ğ `ğ ? űû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
Ɂ űļŰũ ĵŹžŰĿjŲ
jŏŧŵ= ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų źh Ÿ Ůũ ðˑŊŠɪ ƭ
ñj
h
û
k i Šh h
i hŠ h m h h
h û h ǐh hȋ‹û _h źû hŽ űû Ȳ
x ʼnhũ p;ƾ
û h ȁ
ĸɞ= ĵŲb Φ ŋŽj
`ĵ
j šųƠ‹
j ȇ
l ih h h ğ hhûh h
û h
ğ
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ űh hŰšû hȎj bh jĬ‹
Aźô Ūȯĵŵ ŴŽjȑ‹ űŰšȎj b Χ ǻj
`j JjıjĸŦ
l i h lûh h h û ih h h
h l i h l hû h ğ
h
źû ɉ Aźɉĵũ Aźð ši ȯI‹ jb= jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj AźŰjļŠɥ Aźɉĵšȩ űŹɉ ŮžjȰb
h h
ûh
ûi û i i
ğ ğ q
űû Źi Ŷjû Ų Bi ŋh ũ= Ŋg j ɌŲh źû hŽ ŋj ŧȲŰj ɉ űû Ÿ ñűû ȲŠɰh šû ĸh ȩ˔ ƅĵļjh ũ űi Űšû ȫ
h i i h Šh û
i ğ bh űû ŹɅźŰi iũ Ǎ ōh ûɀhů ĵŲğ űŹjŸŠʆh ûŦhįķ `ź
Ĭ‹
ɉźŪȬ Ŵˏ j ʅŽƄjj ɉ
ô jj
j
j
j
hû l i h h h û h û l i h h ğ
hû h
h
û
źɉ AbʼnšȰb űŹj j ŵŠʆŇƃj j Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ψ `źųi ļi ȲhŽ ĵųh j ķ űi ŰŠ=
i h h l û h ûi l i i
h i hh
h û i
`j? Dźû ųh ɉ‹ űi Ȳ jŏŧŵ= Ŵû ȭ Ab;i Kh IĭŦ Ůũ Aźñ Űjļũ ĵŲh ĵŵźŠĵ
Ś=
ğ
h
h
l
i
ğ
ğ h ŏh ûƕ ƅbh Ω ǻj
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi
h Ǎ AźŰjļiũ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ Ƿ
ȼ
Ŏ
jĬ‹ Ůž
j
j
j
mh h h
m h û h û h üh h û h
h ih ûi û kh h
f
ĵųjķ ǻjńŋj Ŧ Ϊ `źũLŋŽ űŹj j ɅK ʼnŶjŠ ;ĵžń= Ůķ ô ˋĻŠʆŲ=
you are resolved, place your trust in Allah; indeed,
Allah loves those who place their trust (in Him). 160 If
Allah supports yousg, then there is none who can
overcome you. But if He forsakes you, then who is
it who will support you after Him? So in Allah let
the believers place their trust. 161 And never was it
for a prophet to defraud a , for whoever defrauds
brings whatever he has defrauded on the Day of
Resurrection. Then every single self is paid in full
for what it has earned, and they are not dealt with
unjustly. 162 Is someone who has pursued Allah’s
good pleasure the same as someone who has
incurred Allah’s anger and whose shelter is Hell?
And what a miserable destiny! 163 They are of
(different) degrees (of rank) with Allah. And Allah is
All-Seeing of what they do. 164 Most surely, Allah
has conferred favor upon the believers, having sent
them a messenger from among themselves, reading
to them His signs and purifying them and teaching
them the Scripture and wisdom, for surely they
were previously in evident misguidance. 165 Is it that
when a calamity befell youpl, even after you had
inflicted twice as much, you said, “How is this?”
Saysg, “It is from your own selves.” Allah is indeed
All-Powerful over everything. 166 For what befell
youpl on the day the two armies met was with
Allah’s leave, and that He may know the believers,
and that He may know those who acted
167
hypocritically when it was said to them, “Come,
combat in the way of Allah, or at least defend (the
community).” They said, “If we knew there was going
to be combat, we would follow youpl.” On that day
they were closer to denial than they were to faith.
They say with their mouths what is not in their
hearts. But Allah knows better what they conceal.
Those who said of their brethren, as they stayed
168
behind, “Had they obeyed us, they would not have
been killed b .” Say, “Then avert death from
yourselves, if you are truthful.” 169 And never c
thinksg of those killedd in the way of Allah as dead.
Rather, (they are) alive, with their Lord, being
provided for, 170 exulting over what Allah has
brought them out of His grace and glad for those
have not yet joined them: that no
behind them who
Qa
Qb
Qc
Qd
All except for Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and ʻAsem read it as: “And never was it for a prophet to be defrauded . . .”
Hisham read it as: “. . . they would not have been relentlessly killed.”
Hisham—in one of his recitations—read it as: “And never should he think of those killed in the . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “And never thinksg of those relentlessly killed in the way of Allah as dead.”
47
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
l i h ûh ûh h ğ h i ûh ûhh
û h
i ğ űi Źi Š ƋhĻA;h
AźŪŅŰŽ űɉ ŴŽjȑĭjķ `bǬj ȼļŏȹb ĀjŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
û h
h h f h ğh
h i ûh i h
Ϋ `źŵŌh Ƙ űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ [źû Ň ƅɁ űû Źj jŧŰŇ Ŵjû Ųk űŹj j ķ
h i ûh ûh
h ğ ‹ `ğ h=bh ŮŘû hŦbh jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ĺųh šjû Ŷķ `b
i Řj iŽ ƅh Ĭ
şž
Ǭj ȼļŏȹø
p j
p
ğ
l
h û iû h û h
i ğ h ğ i h h û h
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ^ź
j Ŏŋɉ‹b jĬj AźķĵłļŎ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ά ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ŋŁ=
h l hğ
h
l
h Ŕh h= m ĵŲh
h ȓjğ ɉ ô Gi ŋû Ūh ûů‹ űi Źi Ȩĵ
ŋf Łû = Aźû Ūȩ‹bh űû Źi Ŷjû Ų AźŶi ŏh ńû = ŴŽj
l i hh û h h ğ ğ i ğ i ih h h h ğ
f Şj Šh
AźšƦ ʼnũ Mĵȍ‹ `j? Mĵȍ‹ űŹɉ ^ĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ έ űž
h hh û iû h û h û i h
h ? űû Ÿi IA
i ğ ‹ ĵŶh iȼŏû ńh l Aźiɉĵhũbh ĵŶq Š ʅŽ
űh šjû ŵbh Ĭ
ŌŦ űŸźŒŇĭŦ űȲů
j
l h h h
ğ
i û
û h ğ
űû Źi ŏû ŏh ųû Ȭh űû ů Ůp ŘŦbh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk pĹųh šjû Ŷjķ Aźĸi ŰŪŵĭŦ ή Ůžj ȡźh ɉ‹
ğ
h û h i iğ h ğ h h û l ihğ h xm i
ĵųh ȫj? ί ˈž
g Şj Š Ůg ŘŦ bJ Ĭ‹b ñjĬ‹ `ŠʆŗjK Aźšĸȩ‹b ;źŎ
i h h û i i h h h h i h m h û h i k h i i Š h û ğ i i Šh
`ź
j ŦĵŇb űŸźŦĵƛ ƆŦ ÿa;ĵȎj b= [jźƞ ŴɽžŒɉ‹ űȲj ůə
h
h iûh hh
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭi `?
h ȑ‹ğ ūŵ
Š h i ȹ ŴŽj
Ǎj `źŠi ŋj ɹ
ŌƘ ƅb ΰ ǻj
j
h h ûh ğh iğ i i qû h hğ l Ġ i h h û i ğ û i û
Ůšƒ ƅɁ Ĭ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ž ô ĵnZžő Ĭ‹ AbǴŽ Ŵů űŹȫj? ˏŋj ŧȲů‹
f Ŋh Šh űû Źi h ɉbh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎ ĵŞkq ńh űû Źi h ɉ
h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? α űž
f Şj Šh BA
ŴŽj
ˌ
j
j
û
l
h
h
û
û
h
q
ğ
i
h ķ ŋh ŧȲûů‹ l Abi Ǜ
h AbǴ
h h ő‹
Ġ i hŽ Ŵů ŴŠʅŽ
űû Źi ɉbh ðĵnZžû ő Ĭ‹
j j
j ƃĭ
h f h h
i ğh l h h h ğ ğh h ûh hh
ȑ‹ ǷŏƘ ƅb β űx Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ
ǔj ųû ȫ ĵųh ȫɁ Abm ŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
h
h
û l i h ûh û ih û i h ğ û i k x û h û ih
űû Źi ɉbh ðĵųq ľj? Abm IAIǤj
ů űŹɉ ǔj ųȫ ĵųȫj? űô Źj jŏŧŵƁj ǞŇ űŹɉ
h
h
x h h
x ŹɊĠ BA
i = m ĵŲh ȇ
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Kh Ŋh hȎj Ĭ
i ğ ‹ `h ǽh ĵŲğ γ ǻ
Š h ǻj
űû ļŵ
ŊŠ
j
û
h h h h Šğ h ûh h
ğ Ŵjh Ų Ľž
i ğ `h ǽh ĵŲh bh Ķžk śů‹
Ĭ‹
ˍj j
j ĸƢ‹ Ǥųj Ž Ʋń jŷžŰŠ
û h h ğ ğ Šh h û h û h h û i h û i
ŴȲ
ĀjŷjŰŎi KĠ ŴjŲ Ʊj ļh ƒ Ĭ‹
j ɧb Ķ
j žŤů‹ ȇ űȲšj ŰśȎj
l iğhh l i ûi
h m h
ğ l
AźŪļȩb AźŶjŲİĻ `˯ ĀjôŷjŰŎi Ki bh jĬĭjķ AźŶji ŲĵnZh Ŧ ð ;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh
mh h i h ûh h ğ ğh h ûh hh
i hh
x Şj Šh ŋf Łû h= űû Ȳ
ĵųjķ `źŰňĸȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ǷŏƘ ƅb δ űž
ŰŦ
ğ
ğ
xk h h i û h i q û h h i
û h
i ğ űi Źi Š ƋhĻA;h
źŸ Ůķ ˌűŹɉ ˊǞŇ źŸ ĀjŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
ðűû Źi ɉ Ǩ
û
l i h
i
h i
ğ
EŠɷh žjŲ jĬj bh ˍjĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ Ājŷjķ AźŰjƚ ĵŲh `źũźğ śh ži Ŏh
hû h h h ğ
h ih ûh h iğ h
hşųj Ŏh ʼnû Ūh ůğ ε xǞĸŇh `ź
Űųšȩ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹b P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˍ j Ɓ‹b D
j
feara shall be upon them nor shall they grieve. 171
Glad because of a blessing from Allah, and grace,
and because Allah does not waste the reward of the
believers 172 who responded to Allah and the
Messenger after the blow had befallen them. For
those of them who excelled in doing good and were
mindful (of God) is a great reward. 173 Those to whom
the people said, “The people have assembled against
you, so fear them.” But this only increased them in
faith, and they said, “Allah is sufficient for us, and
what an excellent Trustee.” 174 So they came back
with a blessing from Allah, and grace, no harm
having touched them. And they pursued Allah’s
good pleasure, for Allah is the Possessor of a great
grace. 175 That is only Satan frightening his allies.
So do not fear them, but fear Me if you are believers.
And dosg not be saddened by those who hasten
176
towards denial. They will not harm Allah in the
least. Indeed, Allah wants to give them no share in
the Hereafter, for for them is a great punishment.
Indeed, those who have purchased denial in
177
exchange for faith will not harm Allah in the least,
for for them is a painful punishment. 178 And never
should those who have denied thinkb that We respite
them for their own good. In fact, We only respite
them so that they may increase in sin, for for them
is a demeaning punishment. 179 Never would Allah
leave the believers in the state which youpl are in
until He distinguishes the nasty from the good. Nor
would Allah make you view the hidden realm. In
fact, Allah elects of His messengers whom He wills.
So believe in Allah and His messengers, for if youpl
believe and remain mindful (of God), you will have
a great reward. 180 And never should those who are
miserly with what Allah has given them of His
grace thinkc that it is good for them. Rather, it is an
evil thing for them. They will be encircled by
whatever they were miserly with on the Day of
Resurrection, for to Allah belongs the inheritance
of the heavens and the earth. And Allah is AllAware of whatever youpl dod. 181 Allah has most
surely heard the statement of those who said,
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . that no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
Hamza read it as: “And never thinksg—regarding those who have denied—that We respite them . . .”
Qc
Hamza read it as: “And never thinksg—regarding those who are miserly with what Allah has given them of His grace—
that it is good for them.”
Qd
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . of whatever they do.”
Qa
Qb
48
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
û h h imh û h i ûh h x h hğ ğ lmi h h ğ hûh iğ
i ļi ŭ
Ķ
ŶŎ ò;ĵžj Ŷţ= ŴƗb ǞjŪŦ Ĭ‹ `j? Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ ^źũ Ĭ‹
i ihh k h ûh hmh hû i ihûhh l i h h
h Ŋh Šh l AźiũbJi ^ź
BA
Ūȫb Ũp ń Ǟ
j Ťjķ ;ĵžjĸ˩Ɓ‹ űŹŰļȰb Aźɉĵũ ĵŲ
h
h
h
i
û Ųh ʼnğ hũ ĵųh ķ ūjh ɉŠəh ζ ŨɆŋơ‹
h ğ `ğ =bh űû ȲŽj
hû
ʼnûŽɁ ĺ
ōh ûɀů Ĭ‹
j
j j
ğh mhûh h h hğ ğ lmi h h ğ
ûk ğ h
h
ƅɁ ĵŶȎj? ʼnŹj Š Ĭ‹ `j? Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ η ʼnj žjĸšŰj ů ˉp ƆŞjķ
i ûh hû i hh ûh Šğ h
ûʼnhũ Ůû iũ Kĵ
ih h ûi
iñ ğȍ‹ ŷi iŰȱ
įĻ `ĵ
g Ŏŋj ɉ ŴjŲİŵ
p ɅŋŪjķ ĵŶɀj ĻįŽ Ʋń ^ź
ğ
h ûi
i mh
h û
ûh k x
űjh ŰŦ űû ļi Űũ djȑĭjɅbh ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊĭjķ ǔj ĸȰ ŴjŲ ŮŎi Ki űû ȱ;h ĵŁ
i i iûhh
h iķŊğ Ŭh `ıhŦ θ ǻj
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi `? űû Ÿź
h Ŋk Ŭi ʼnû Ūh ȯh ]ź
Bj
ųļŰļȰ
j
j
û im h h ûh k x i i
Ġ h j Šɰh žk hȊĭ
i û Šɮjh ŭûů‹bh ŋɅi Ōɉ‹
Ǟj
j j ķ b;ĵŁ ūj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŮŎK
j
j Ŷųɉ‹ Ķ
j bĺ
ih i i h ûğhi hğ
ûh Ġi
û hû i h mh
_h źû hŽ űû ȡKź
Ł= `źŦźĻ ĵųȫ˯ D
ˍ j źųɉ‹ ĹŪjɋAJ ōp ŧȫ ȁ ι
h h û h h h ğ h û Ůjh ŇIû i=bh Kĵğȍ‹ ŴŠh Gh Ōńû Li Ŵųh ȯh ˌjĹųh Šɱh Ūûů‹
ñ LĵŦ ʼnŪȯ ĹŶƠ‹
j
j
j
j
û
ğ
û
h
h
m
Ġ Ci źŠ žh ơ‹
h ĵŲh bh
m j `ğ źi Űĸû iȋø κ Kbŋi Ťi ů‹ şi Šɮh Ųh ƅj? ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
Ǎ
j
h
l i i h ğ h
i h
hh
i
i
AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲ Ŵğ ši ųh ŏû Ƚůbh űû Ȳ jŏŧŵ=bh űû Ȳj ůŠʆh Ųû =
ûh h ğ h h û i ûh
qˊǞjĿŬh cJq h= l Aźm ȡi Ǩ
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹
h
= ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲb űȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ Ķ
ô
iû
û
h h ğ h l i h l i û h
h
J˯ λ jKźɊi Ɓ‹ _j Ōû Š Ŵjû Ų ūj ɉŠə `jıŦ AźŪļğ ȩbh Abǚ
j ŕĻ `˯
i
i h h Šh û l i h ğ h Šh i ğ h h h
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ÿŷi Ŷğ ȿjžk hȼiȋ Ķ
Mĵ
ɮjŭů‹ AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ ŨɯžjŲ Ĭ‹ ŊŇ=
l hh û h û
h
i h h û h h
i m
ĵŶq ųh Ȫ Ājŷjķ Abû Ǜ
ő‹b űjŸjKźŹi ŝ ;h AKh bh iabŊĸh Ŷh ȯ ÿŷi ŵźųi ļi ȲĻ ƅbh
û h ğ ğh h ûh h
h
h ih ûh h h û h q h
`źńi ŋh ŧȬh ŴŽj
ȑ‹ Ƿŏƕ ƅ μ `bǛ
Œȹ ĵŲ ōȻjĸŦ ð Ɔžj Űũ
h
l
l
l hh m
ûi h h
û hh i û h
űŹi Ŷğ hȼŏh ƕ ƆŦ AźŰšh ŧȬh űû ɉ ĵųh j ķ Abʼni ųh Ƙ `= `źĸĠ Ņ
j Ɇi bğ AźĻɁ ĵųh j ķ
h f h h û ih h
h hû k h hh
i û ğ
ŊŠ űŹɉb BA
ūŰɊi jĬj bh ν űx Ȏj = BA
ˌ j Ŋšů‹ Ŵjh Ų p ˅Lĵŧųjķ
hû h
k i Šh h i ğ h
ğ
h h ğ
f ʼnhũ p;ƾ
û h ȁ
Ǎj `j? ξ ŋŽj
Ĭ‹b P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˍ j Ɓ‹b D
j ȇ
hû h
ğ
h û h
h
h h ğ ŨûŰŇh
h
h
ğ
û
Š
Š
j Ɓ‹b D
ĺ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
p ɔ˗ jKĵŹȍ‹b Ůj Ȏ‹ ťj ʄjļҋb P˱
j
h
û
ğ
û
i
û
i
h i h h
q
h ůƁ‹ Ƞbl iƁj k
h ğ `b
Š
ŋŬŊŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ ο Ķ
AIźši Ȱbh ĵųq Šɱjh ũ Ĭ‹
ɭ
j
j
hû h
û
ğ
h
h
h h ğ ŨŰŇh Ǎ `bŋi ŭŧļh Ɇh bh űû ŹɅźŶi Łi ȇ
Š h h bh
j Ɓ‹b D
P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
jj
j
ğ h h h h h h h h û i q h h h h ûh h h hğh
jKĵȍ‹ BAŊŠ ĵŶjŪŦ ūŶŠɳĸŎ Ɔśj Š ɐ AŊŠɪ ĺŪŰŇ ĵŲ ĵŶɅK
“Indeed, Allah is poor while we are rich.” Wea willb
write down what they said and their unjustified
killing of the prophets, and We will say, “Taste the
punishment of the burning. 182 That is on account
of what your pl hands have put forth, and because
Allah is not a tyrant unto the servants.” 183 Those
who said, “Allah has made a covenant with us: that
we shall not believe in any messenger unless he
brings us an offering to be devoured by the fire.”
Saysg, “Certainly, messengers have come to you
before me with evident proofs and with that which
you said. So why did you kill them, if you are
truthful?” 184 So if they disbelieve yousg, messengers
before you were disbelieved. They came with clear
proofs and Books and the illuminating Scripturec.
Each self is bound to have a taste of death. And
185
youpl will be rendered your rewards in full only on
the Day of Resurrection. So whoever is swayed
from the Fire and is entered into the Garden (of
Paradise) has triumphed, for the Earlier Life is nothing
but a deceptive enjoyment. 186 Youpl will surely be
tested through your wealths and yourselves, and
you will hear from those who received the Scripture
before you and from those who associated (others with
God) many hurtful things. But if youpl persevere
patiently and become mindful (of God) —that is
indeed a mark of firm resolve. 187 And as Allah took
a pledge from those who were brought the Scripture:
“Most surely youd shall make it evident to mankind
and not conceal it.” But they tossed it behind their
backs and purchased, in exchange for it, a small
price, so how miserable is what they purchase! 188
Nevere thinksg of those who exult over what they
have come up with and love to be praised for what
they have not done—never thinksg of them as in a
place safe from the punishment, for for them is a
painful punishment. 189 And to Allah belongs the
dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Allah
is Powerful over everything. 190 Most surely, in the
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Hamza read it as: “He will write down what they said and their unjustified
killing of the prophets, and He will say . . .”
(In this case there is
no
grammatical
shift.)
Qc
Hisham read it as: “. . . and with Books and with the illuminating Scripture.”
Ibn Zekwan read it as: “. . . and with Books and the illuminating Scripture.”
Qd
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Shuʻba read it as: “Most surely they shall make it evident . . .”
Qe
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Never should they think—those who exult over what they
have come up with and love to be praised for what they have not done, never should they think of them(selves) as in a place
safe from the punishment . . .”
Nafieʻ read it as: “Never should they think—those who exult over what they have come up with and love to be praised for
what they have not done, never thinksg of them as in a place safe from the punishment . . .”
a
Qb
49
PART 4. IMRAN’S FOLK
Surah 3- Al ‘Imrân
û h hh h ğ
i
h ğ m
ĵŲh bh ÿð ŷi ļh Ɇû Ōh Ň= ʼnû Ūȯ Kĵ
ȍ‹ Ůjj Ňʼnû Ļ ŴŲh ūŵj? ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh π
ğ m
ğ
h h= Ŵjû Ų ǻ
h ųjۊɾŰj
djIĵŶh Ȭi ĵŽjq IĵŶh Ųi ĵŶh šû ųj Ŏh ĵŶh ȫj? ĵŶh Ʌğ Kğ ρ pKĵŕŵ
ɉ
j
h
û
h
l
û h hğ h ğ h hh û i k h i h û Šh
h iŵJi ĵhȍ ŋû jŧţĭ
ĵŶh Ʌź
Ŧ ĵŶɅK ô ĵŶŲĵnZŦ űȲjɅŋjķ AźŶjŲA; `= Ŵj ʅŽƄjj ɉ
hû
ğ h
h kh
ĵŲh ĵŶjh ĻA;h bh ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ς jKAŋh ûķƁ‹ şh Ųh ĵŶh ȯźh Ļbh ĵŶjh ĻĵnZh j žk Ŏh ĵŶğ ȭ ŋû ŧj ȡbh
û
ğ h h
i ûi h h ğ
h ûi h h
Š h h ĵŶh ȩʼn
Šb
ťj Űƛ ƅ ūŵj? ˌjĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ ĵŵŌj ƛ ƅbh ūj ŰŎi Ki ȇ
h
i
h
k
m
h
h h i
h h û
Ġ
h ļh Ŏĭ
û hŦ σ Iĵ
h ł
šžųj ɉ‹
Ůųh ȭ şž
ŗ
j = ƅ ƭj Ɂ űû Źi ɅKh űû Źi ɉ Bĵ
h
i
h
h
i k
û h k i i û h Š h = bû = ŋŬJh ŴjŲk űȲŶj
Ŗ
Ų Ůp ųj Š ɢ
ˌ p šȨ Ŵü Ųj űȲŘšȨ ˌƳŵ
g
l i û ih l i h h h ğ h
i ih û Šh
h Ǎ l AbJb
j Ŧ
ǔž
ȼ
Ŏ
=
b
űj
Ÿ
ŋ
ɔj
I
Ŵj
Ų
AźŁŋj Ň=b AbŋŁĵŸ ŴŽȑĭ
j
j
j
j
i
i
h
h
l
l
h
i
i
i
h
û
h ğ kh
űû Źi Ŷğ ŰjŇIƁbh űû Źj j ĻĵnZh j žk Ŏh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ `ŋh ŧj ȱƁ AźŰjļũbh AźŰļh Š ɥbh
i ğ bh jĬğ ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ĵķAq źh hľ ŋi Š ʇh ûŵhƁ‹û ĵŹh j ļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋûƏh ĺŠɰğ Łh
Ĭ‹
ô
j p
ğ
h
Ġ
ğ
h ğih
i ŰŪh ȩh ū
h ȑ‹ Ķ
hğ i û i ih
ŴŽj
ŵŋŤȬ ƅ τ BA
j źȌ‹ Ŵŏń ÿaʼnŶjŠ
û
l hh
h û
i x h h
űð i Ŷğ Źh Łh űû Źi Š Ɗbh įŲh űğ Ȫ Ůžj Űũ şx ŠɮŲh υ ʼnj Š ʄjȊ‹ Ǎj Abŋi ŧȱ
i h û h û h
x Šɰğ Łh űû Źi h ɉ űû Źi Ʌğ Kh l Aźû Ūh ȩ‹ğ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ŴȲ
Šh
ĺ
j j ɧ φ IĵŹųj ɉ‹ ōȻjɅb
ğ
k q i h h Ȓj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵhƁ‹û ĵŹh ļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋûƏh
j
ñjĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų ƅŌi ŵ ĵŹžjȯ ŴŽj
j
h
h
û
k
ğ
hŠ û û û ğ
h
h
hh
xû
hû
Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹ Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲ `˯ χ jKAŋķƂj ů ǞŇ jĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ ĵŲb
h h i m h h û i ûh h i m h h ğ
i ûi hh
űû Źj ûȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲb űȲȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲb jĬĭjķ ŴjŲİŽ Ŵųɉ
h h i e h h ğ
h h ih ûh h ğ h
h
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ô Ɔžj Űũ ĵŶq ųh Ȫ jĬ‹ ĺ
Œȹ ƅ jĬj ǻjš jŒŠɗ
j Š ɔ˲ `bǛ
û i h hğ ğ û kh h
h ơ‹
û Ÿi ŋi Łû h= űû Źi h ɉ
ŏj
‹
`
?
ű
Ź
Ʌ
K
ʼnŶj
Š
ű
ψ Bĵ
şɆ
Ĭ
Ǧ
ñ
j
j
jj
j
l iğ h l i h h l i h h l i û l ih h h ğ h Ġh h
Ģ
AźŪȩ‹b AźśjķAKb AbŋjķĵŔb Abǚj Ŕ‹ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
ûi i ğ h hğ
h
ω `źŅji Űŧȩ űû ȲŰšh ů Ĭ‹
creation of the heavens and the earth and in the
alternation of night and day are signs for people of
understanding: 191 those who remember Allah while
standing and sitting and on their sides, and reflect
upon the creation of the heavens and the earth: “Our
Lord, You did not create this in vain. Highly Exalted
are You, so protect us from the punishment of the
Fire. 192 Our Lord, whomever You enter into the
Fire, then You have truly disgraced him, for the
unjust ones have no supporters. 193 Our Lord, we
have indeed heard a caller calling to the faith:
‘Attain faith in your Lord,’ so we have attained
faith. So, Our Lord, forgive us our misdeeds and
remit our evil deeds and take us at death with the
virtuous. 194 Our Lord, and bring us what You have
promised us through Your messengers and do not
disgrace us on the Day of Resurrection. Surely, You
never break (the promise of) the appointed time.” 195 So
their Lord responded to them: “I do not waste the
work of any worker of you, whether male or
female—you are of one another. So those who
emigrated and were evicted from their homes and
were hurt in my way and (who) combated and were
killeda—I will most surely remit for them their evil
deeds and will most surely admit them into Gardens
beneath which rivers flow—a recompense from
Allah, for with Allah is the excellent recompense.”
Never besg deceived by the movement of those
196
who denied in the land. 197 A brief enjoyment, then
their shelter is Hell, and what a miserable resting
place! 198 But those who were mindful of their
Lord—for them are Gardens beneath which rivers
flow, abiding therein, a hospitality from Allah. And
what Allah possesses is better for the truly virtuous.
And indeed, of the People of the Scripture are
199
those who believe in Allah and in what was sent
down to you and in what was sent down to them.
They are reverent towards Allah and do not
purchase, in exchange for Allah’s signsb, a small
price. Those have their reward with their Lord.
Indeed, Allah is Swift in reckoning. 200 O you who
have attained faith, be patient and have outlasting
patience and be ever at the ready and be mindful of
Allah, that you may succeed.
Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . and were killed and (who) combated . . .”
Ibn Kathir and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . and (who) combated and were relentlessly killed . . .”
b
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qa
50
Part 4. Women
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h k ih i
Ŏ ˽
j;ĵŏjȿůA CKź
4. Women
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
ğ i
l iğ i ğ h Ġh h
i hh h
Ģ
ŴjŲk űȲŪŰŇ djȑ‹ űi ȲɅğ Kh AźŪȩ‹ Mĵ
ȍ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
q
h h
ğ
ƅĵŁh jK ĵųh Źi Ŷjû Ų ĽɅh bh ĵŹh Łh bû Lh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų Ũh ŰŇbh p Cʼnjh ńŠɩh
ğ hğ l i ğ h qm h h
h ihm hh
h h ûhû h
h ğ `ğ ? _ĵ
Ĭ‹
j ô ńKƁ‹b Ājŷjķ `źɉ;ĵŏȶ djȑ‹ Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b ô ;ĵŏj ȸb
h
h h h hhû l i h h
i ûh h h h
q ȰKh űû Ȳ
Ģ ŠɮȎ‹ AźĻA;b ̂ ĵĸžj
žŰŠ `ǽ
ƅbh ðűû Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = ǖ
û
h û ih h ûh lm i i ûh hh
h h l i ğ hhh
k ğ
Ģ j ? űŹɉŠʆŲ= AźŰȱįĻ ƅb Ķ
Ǔ
ˌ j j žśůĭjķ ĽžjĸƢ‹ AźɉʼnĸȽĻ
ğh û û
i hûh
q ńi `h ǽh ÿŷi ğŵ? űû Ȳj
q ĸŬh ĵɅź
ƅɁ űû ļi ŧjŇ `˯ ̃ ˊǞ
j ô ůŠʆŲ=
j
l
h h Šh hû
i h h h h l i
Š ɮȎ‹ Ǎj Aźśi jŏŪû ȩi
Ŵjh Ųk űȲů Bĵ
Ś ĵŲ AźŅȲ
j ŵĭŦ ǖ
e h Šh h l i û h ğ h û i û û h h Š h i h h Šh i h Š h û h j m h k
CʼnjńʆŦ Aźɉjʼnšȩ ƅɁ űļŧjŇ `jıŦ ðşɐKb Ľʄľb ƴĿŲ ;ĵŏjȿů‹
l i h ğ h Ģ h û h h Šh û i i h û h û h h h h û h
l i hh
I= ūj ɉə űô ȲŶŠʅŽɁ ĺŭŰɊ ĵŲ b=
AźĻA;b ̄ Aźɉźši ȩ ƅɁ ƭ
m k
h qhû
h
i h hû
û h ŴŠh űû Ȳ
ŷi Ŷjû Ųk p;ƾ
ů ǷjŚ `jıŦ ô ĹŰƗj Ŵğ Źj j ļŠɥʼni Ŕh ;h ĵŏh j ȿů‹
iih
m h Ġ l iûi hh
ûh
q
q h
;h ĵŹh ŧŏɉ‹
AźĻİĻ ƅb ̅ ĵnZmɆŋj Ųğ ĵnZmžj ŶŸ iaźȀŦ ĵŏq ŧȫ
ğ i h h
i ii û h qŠh û i h iğ h h h
h ȯ űû Ÿź
ĵŹžj
ũLK‹b ĵųɱj ũ űȲů Ĭ‹ ŮšŁ Ʋj ů‹ űi ȲůŠʆh Ųû =
û l i
q h h l i i i i û h
q
Š h Šɮh hȎ‹ AźŰļh Ȩ‹û bh ̆ ĵŦbŋi šû Ųğ ƅźû ũ űû Źi ɉ Aźɉźũbh űû Ÿź
ǖ
ŏȱ‹b
lm i h û h q û i û i û k i ûh h û h h h k l i hh h ğ h
Ģ ń
AźšȯIĭŦ AʼnőK űŹŶjŲ űļŏȸA; `jıŦ GǾj ȍ‹ AźŤŰķ AJj? Ʋ
û
l ih û h h e h h q h û m h i i h hh û ih h ûh û ûh
Abô ǚȲŽ `= AKAʼnjɅb ĵŦAǦj? ĵŸźŰȱįĻ ƅb ðűŹɉŠʆŲ= űŹj Ȏj?
û i û h û h q h h h h h û û h û h û h kq h h h h h
ŮȱįžŰŦ ˊǞjŪŦ `ǽ ŴŲb ðťŧj šļŏɀŰŦ ĵžj Ŷţ `ǽ ŴŲb
h
hh l
hh h h
ûhh h h
û û
űô û Źj žû ŰŠ Abʼni Źj őįŦ űû Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = űû Źj Ȏû j ? űû ļi šû ȯI AJjıŦ [
ˏ j bŋi šųh ɉĭjķ
h h k k
h hû h hh ğ k x
q h ğ Š h ȡh bh
`A
j ŁŋŰ
j Ȑj Š ʆů‹ ]ŋĻ ĵųjɊ Ķžŕj ŵ ^ĵ
j j ů ̇ ĵĸɀ jŏń jĬĭjķ Ǐ
h ûh û
h i hûh û h
x ŕhŵ j;mĵŏh kȿŰj ɉbh `ź
h j Š ʆh ûů‹ ]h ŋh hĻ ĵųjğ Ɋk Ķž
`źɅi ŋh ũƁ‹bh `A
Ȑ
ɅŋũƁ‹b
j
j
j
h
h
q û q h hi h û iû ğh ğ
h h ńh AJ˯
Ǵ
̈ ĵŗbŋi ŧŲğ ĵĸž
ŕj ŵ ôǜŬ b= ŷŶŲj Ůũ ĵųjɊ
i i û h i Šh hû h Š h Šh hû h Šh û iû l i l i h h û û
ŷi Ŷjû Ųk űŸźũLi Kĭ
Ŧ ǻjŭɹųɉ‹b ǖɮȎ‹b ȗŋŪů‹ Aźɉb= ĹųŏjŪů‹
ûğ
ōp ŧȫ
q j ĿŬh
ˊǞ
O mankind, be mindful of your Lord, Who created
you from a single self and created from it its spouse,
and from them both spread many men and women.
Thus be mindful of Allah—in Whose name you ask
one another—and of thea wombsb. Indeed, Allah
has always been Watchful over you. 2 And bring
orphans their wealths, and do not replace (their) good
things with nasty ones, and do not devour their
wealths by combining them with your pl wealths;
indeed, it has always been a gravely serious sin. 3
And if youpl fear you cannot be just towards the
orphans, then marry the women you like—two or
three or four—but if you fear you will not be
equitable, then (only) onec or (consider) those whom
you rightfully possess. That is more likely to make
you avoid bias. 4 Moreover, bring women their
dowries graciously. But if they willingly forgo some
of it for youpl, then devour it with satisfaction, with
ease. 5 But do not bring the foolish ones your pl
money which Allah has assigned to you for support,
yet provide for them from it and clothe them and
say to them a fair word. 6 And test the orphans until
they reach the age of marriage. So if youpl recognize
in them prudence, then hand over their wealths to
them and do not devour it extravagantly or hastily
before they grow up. For the rich (guardian) should
modestly abstain (from charging any wage), but whoever
(of the guardians) is poor may charged in accordance
with what is fair. Then when you hand over their
wealths to them, call witnesses in. Yet sufficient is
Allah as a Reckoner. 7 For men is a share of what
parents and close relatives have left, and for women
is a share of what parents and close relatives have
left, be it little or much—an ordained share. 8 And
if the distribution is attended by the near relatives
and the orphans and the destitutepl, then give them
something out of it and say to them a fair word. 9
And let those who,
were they to leave behind them
weak offspring would be afraid for them, fear (God’s
1
Hamza read it as: “Thus be mindful of Allah, in Whose name, and the name of the wombs, you ask one another.”
The term ‘wombs’ is usually used in the Qur’an as a metaphor for blood relatives, meaning: honor the ties of kinship.
Qc
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . then (only) one (is enough) or consider . . .”
d
Literally ‘devour’.
Qa
b
51
Part 4. Women
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
q h h l i i
l i h h h ğ h û hû h
q
Ŵjû Ų Aźȡŋh Ļ źû ɉ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ŐňȎb ̉ ĵŦbŋi šû Ųğ ƅźû ũ űû Źi ɉ Aźɉźũbh
l i ihû h hğ l iğhûh û ûh h l i h e h qğki û û h
AźɉźŪȎb Ĭ‹ AźŪļžŰŦ űŹj žŰŠ AźŦĵŇ ĵŧŠɿŗ
j ĹɆjKJ űŹj jŧŰŇ
ûe i h h h û h h û h h i i û h h ğ ğ
e ʼnŎh ƅq źû hũ
Š ŠɮȎ‹ ^ŠʆŲ= `źŰȱįŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ̊ AʼnŽj
ĵųŰŝ ǖ
h ûh û h h h q h û
h i i ûh h ğ
q
h
i
i
̋ ˊǞjšŎ `źŰŕžŎb ðˊKĵŵ űŹj j ŵźśȨ Ǎj `źŰȱįŽ ĵųȫj?
h ğ û i Šh û h m i ğ i i
ûhh i û k h iû
j iŽ
ˏǻ
j žȾŵƁ‹ Ŝj ń ŮĿjŲ jŋŬȓj ɉ ðűȡjʼnɧb= Ǎj Ĭ‹ űȲžŔź
h h ûhhû h ûh qm h ğ i
h
hii
h
`˯ ð]h ŋh Ļ ĵŲh ĵĿŰľ Ŵğ Źi ŰŦ ǻ
j ļȿľ‹ \źŦ ;ĵŏj ȸ Ŵȱ `jıŦ
ki ûhhh h i û k hhh q h h û h h
ĵųh Źi Ŷjû Ųk ʼnp ń
j Š ɩh Ȃj
ô ŕj ȍ‹ ĵŹŰŦ CʼnjńŠɩ ĺŵǽ
j ů jŷɆźķƁj b ť
h
i h û ğ h xh h ih h h
Ġ
x h bh ÿȔi ğ ŴȲ
Ȑ
Ž űů `jıŦ ô Ȑb ÿȔ `ǽ `j? ]h ŋh Ļ ĵųjğ Ɋ Mi ʼni ŏɉ‹
i h x û
h h h
h i iĠ
ki h hh ih
jŷŲj k Ƃj Ŧ Cźh Ňj? ÿm Ȕi `ǽ `jıŦ Ľ
ô ŰȌ‹ jŷŲj Ƃj Ŧ iaAźh ķɁ ÿm ŷľjKbh bh
i im
û
i i Ġ
ûh ûh m h
j iŽ pĹžğ Ŕ
űû ȱ>ĵhķA;h Ŵ
j bh ʼnj šȨh Ŵü Ųj M
ˍ g ŽI b= ĵŹjķ ǁź
ô ʼnŏɉ‹
h h
ûh
q h h ûh i h
h h i im h
ĹŘɆŋj Ŧ ô ĵšq ŧȫ űû Ȳů Bi ŋh ũ= űû Źi ȬĠ Ɂ `bKi ʼnû Ļ ƅ űû ȱ>ĵŶh Ȩû Ɂbh
i
i hh
q ŭńh ĵųžj
h ğ `ğ ? jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk
e ŰŠh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
ťŕjû ŵ űû Ȳůbø
̌ ĵųžj
jñ
h h
h
ğ
ğ
h
h
h x h ğ i i h û
h
i
b ŴŹɉ ŴȲŽ űů `j? űû ȲŁi Š ɩh Lû = ]h ŋh Ļ ĵŲh
Ŵğ Źi ɉ `ǽ `jıŦ ô Ȑ
û h
mh h
i hh xhh
û
Ġ űi Ȳ
ŰŦ Ȑb
ĵŹjķ ǻŔź
j iŽ pĹžğ Ŕ
j bh ʼnj šȨh Ŵü Ųj ôŴh ȡŋh Ļ ĵųjğ Ɋ şi Ʌi ŋɉ‹
hx h û i ğ i h û ğ
û
h
i ȡŋh hĻ ĵųjğ Ɋ şi Ʌi ŋɉ‹
i ɉbh ŴûŽIh bû h=
û
ğ
Ġ
Ȑ
b
ű
Ȳ
ů
Ŵ
Ȳ
Ž
ű
ů
`
?
ű
ļ
Ŵ
Ź
ô
j
ˏp
h
û
h
h
h h
h
h
h
i
x bh űû Ȳ
ů `ǽ `jıŦ
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űˏ ļi ȡŋh Ļ ĵųjğ Ɋ Ŵi ųi ĠȌ‹ Ŵğ Źi ŰŦ Ȑ
h eh h h i h i x i h h h
h i i ğ h
ûŽIh bû h= m ĵŹh ķ `ź
bj = ĹۊʄŬ EKź
Ž ŮŁK `ǽ `˯ Ŵ
j b
ˍp
j ŔźĻ pĹžŔ
h
h
h
i
ki h x û û f m ih h x h û
h i i Ġ h iûk
`jıŦ M
j Š ɩh Ȃj
j ŰŦ ĺŇ= b= H= ÿȔb C=ŋɊ‹
ô ʼnŏɉ‹ ĵųŹŶjŲ ʼnp ń
m h h i û i h h Šh
iĠ
û h lmi h
hhȱ
űŹȯ ūj ɉə ŴjŲ ǜ
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ľ
= Aźŵǽ
ˏ j ŰȌ‹ Ǎj ;i ȢǨ
h
m
m
ğ
h i ğ h
k q ğ bh Kk ĵŘh Ɋi Ǟ
h û Ȯh ŴûŽIh bû = ĵŹh ķ ǁź
j b
j ôp
ñjĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĹžŔ
j Š Ž pĹžŔ
g
û
i i i h
h ğ jşśj iŽ ŴŲh bh jĬğ ‹ Ib
i ğ bh
x Űńh űžj
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
Ĭ‹
ʼnń ūŰj Ļ ̍ űžj
ô
h
ûh Šğ h i û û i ih i h h
hŴŽjȒj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹û ĵŹh j ļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋƏ
p ɰŁ ŷŰjŇʼnŽ ÿȔźŎKb
j ĺ
hi i h h h ğ
h ȯ
i Şj šh ûů‹ Li źû ŧh ûů‹ ūjh ɉŠəh bh ô ĵŹžj
ÿȔźŎKb Ĭ‹ œj šû Ȭh ŴŲh bh ̎ űž
h e h iû ûi ih i i ğ hhhh
x h h h h
BAŊŠ ÿȔi bh ĵŹžj
ȯ AȒq j Š ɗ AKĵ
ŵ ŷŰjŇʼnŽ ÿaIbʼnń ʼnšļɆb
So let them be mindful of Allah and let
them speak for justice. 10 Indeed, those who devour
the wealths of orphans illicitly devour only fire into
their bellies; and they will roasta in a blaze. 11 Allah
enjoins youpl regarding your children: for the male
is the equivalent of the share of two females. But if
they are women above two, they get two-thirds of
what he has left; and if she be one, then to her is the
half. And for his parents—each gets one-sixth of
what he has left if he has children. Yet if he has no
children and his parents inherit (solely) from him,
then his mother gets one-third. But if he has
siblings, then his mother gets one-sixth, after
(fulfilling) any bequest he may bequeathb and (paying
off) any debt. Your parentsc and your children—you
do not know which are more beneficial to you. (This
is) an ordinance from Allah. Indeed, Allah has
always been All-Knowing All-Wise. 12 And youpl
get one-half of what your spouses have left if theyd
have no children. Yet if they have children, then you
get one-fourth of what they have left, after (fulfilling)
any bequest they may bequeath and (paying off) any
debt. And they get one-fourth of what you have left
if you have no children. Yet if you have children,
then they get one-eighth of what you have left, after
(fulfilling) any bequest you may bequeath and (paying
off) any debt. And if a man or a woman is to be
inherited by a non-lineal heir while having a brother
or sistere, then each of them gets one-sixth. But if
they are more than that, then they share one-third,
after (fulfilling) any bequest that may be bequeathedf
and (paying off) any debt, without any harm (to anyone).
(This is) an injunction from Allah, for Allah is AllKnowing, Clement. 13 These are the limits of Allah.
And whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger—He
entersg him into Gardens beneath which rivers flow,
abiding therein, and that is the great triumph. 14 But
whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and
oversteps His limits—He entersg him into a fire
wherein he abides, and for him is a demeaning
punishment. 15 And those of your pl women who
commit obscenity—call four of you to witness
punishment).
Ibn ʻAmer and Shuʻba read it as: “. . . and they will be roasted in the blaze.”
Qb
Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer and Shuʻba read it as: “. . . after (fulfilling) any bequest that is bequeathed . . .”
c
Literally ‘your fathers’.
d
The pronoun is in feminine form, denoting that they are female spouses.
e
According to the majority of exegetes, this means the brother and the sister are from the deceased’s maternal side.
Qf
All except for Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer and ʻAsem read it as: “. . . after (fulfilling) any bequest that he may bequeath . . .”
Qg
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . We enter him into . . .”
Qa
52
Part 4. Women
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
ğ
h h Šhû h ûh
i m k
x Ġ
űû Ȳjɋĵŏjh ȸ ŴjŲ ĹŒŅ
j ʁů‹ ǻjȩįŽ Ʋj Š ɧ‹bh ̏ ǻŹj Ɋ
l i h
hh l
q h
h
û h û h
i
AbʼnŹj ő `jıŦ ðűû ȲŶjŲk Ĺšh Ʌh Kû = Ŵğ Źj žû ŰŠ Abʼni Źj ŒȽŎĭ
Ŧ
h
h
û
û
i
ğ
h ûh
i
û h
Š ğ ńh Dź
Ůšh ƒ bû = Di źû ųh ɉ‹ Ŵğ Źi Š ƋŦźh ļh Ȭh Ʋ
j ži iȊ‹ Ǎj Ŵğ Ÿźŭ jŏɊįŦ
ûh hğ
q h ğ ih iğ
i i nh h û i
h
h
h
hðĵųŸb
Š
JĵZŦ űȲŶjŲ ĵŹj Ŷɱj ĻįŽ `A
j ȑ‹b ̐ ƆžjȼŎ ŴŹɉ Ĭ‹
qĵķAźğ hĻ `h ǽh Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? ñm ĵųh Źi Ŷû ȭh l Aźŗi ŋŠû hįhŦ ĵŅh hŰŔû h=bh ĵhķĵhĻ `ıhŦ
j
j
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ŰųšȬ ŴŽjȓj ɉ jĬ‹ ȇ ĹɅh źû ȋ‹
j
h
h i ih ği h hh
h Ģhlih
i ğ ‹ Bź
i ļi Ȭh ū
Ĭ
j ɌʤbįŦ ĶɆ
p ŋj ũ ŴjŲ `źɅźļȬ űȪ Ĺp ۊʇƎj
i ğ
ûh
q ŭńh ĵųžj
i ğ `h Ȣh bh űû Źžû hŰŠh
e ŰŠh Ĭ‹
ĹɅh źû ȋ‹
ĺ
j ŏh ɀůbh ̒ ĵųžj
ñ j
h
û i
h ihûh h ğ
h ğ `ź
ğ h
h h ńh AJh ? Ʋ
ŰųšȬ ŴŽjȓj ɉ
Di źû ųh ɉ‹ űi Ÿʼnh ńh = Ǵ
j nZjžk ŏɉ‹
j Ģ ń Dĵ
ğ
h
û
h i ih h
i ĸû ȩi ƭk ? ^ĵh hũ
f ŧğ Ŭi űû Ÿi bh `ź
ĻźųȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ƅbh Ŵh ˜ů‹ ĺ
ô Kĵ
jj
h
h
l ih h h ğ hĠh h
h
h Ģhli
Ģ ̓ ĵųq Ȏj = ĵeķAŊh Šh űû Źi ɉ ĵhŵʼnû ļh ȭû = ū
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
j Ɍʤb=
h
h
l
h
h
i
m
Ġ h h
i h
k
q
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h Šh h ûh h m ğ ğ i i iûh h m h
û l h û
j ʁjķ ǻjȩįŽ `= ƅj? ŴŸźųļɀĻA; ĵŲ Ŗj šĸh j ķ Aźĸi ŸŊh jȋ
pĹŒŅ
h h hh ğ i iiû h h
i i h h hkh Ġ
û û
Ģ šȯ ŴŸźųļŸjŋŬ `jıŦ [b
`= ƿ
j ȕb ˏpĹŶjɀĸŲ
ˏ j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ Ŵğ ŸbǨ
h
h
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h
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û Ɇh bh ĵnZq žû ő l AźŸi ŋh Ȳ
q j ĿŬ ˊǞ
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i ğ ‹ Ůšh ł
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h h
h
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Ŵğ Źi Š Ɗʼnh ńû j ? űû ļi ûɀĻA;h bh Fp bû Lh `ǾŲğ Fp bû Lh ^Aʼnh ĸû j ȽŎ‹
K=
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û
h
l i i h hh q h
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h
h i i h
h
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śŶj ũ
hŠ û i i û h h û h û h h i h i i û h h û h h
q ĸŲĠ
Š Ŧ= ʼnũb ÿŷŵbŊŇįĻ ťžȡb ̕ ĵŶɀ
Ǔj? űȲŘšȨ DŽ
j
q h eŠh k i
h û h hh
hĵŲ l AźŅj
i ŭŶhĻ ƅh bh ̖ ĵŞžj
Űţ ĵŪɯžjŲ űȲŶjŲ `ŊŇ=b Ŗp šû Ȩh
h h ğ hh h û h h ğ m h k h k i imh h h h h
`ǽ ÿŷi ŵj? ť
ô ŰŎ ʼnũ ĵŲ ƅj? j;ĵŏjȿů‹ ŴjŲ űȱ>ĵķA; ŃȲŵ
e
h
m
q h Šh
û
i
h û hk i
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ĺ
Ųŋj ń ̗ ƆžjȼŎh ;h ĵŎh bh ĵļq ŪŲh bh ĹŒŅ
j ɤ
h
i
h
h
i
i ğh
i i h
i i
i
űû Ȳļi Š ʄŠɗbh űû Ȳļi Š ʅŠbh űû ȲĻŠʆh Ň=bh űû ȲĻĵŶh Ʌh bh űû Ȳļi Š ʇh Ųğ =
hû
ûiû
i iŠh ğ ih
i
i h
h
h
h
mƲj Š ɧ‹ğ űi Ȳ
j
ļʇŲ=b ĺ
j ŇƁ‹ DĵŶɅb HƁ‹ DĵŶɅh bh
i m
i iŠh h h h û i h û h h
i Š ʇh Ųğ i=bh jĹšh Š ɟh ŋɉ‹
ğ Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
űû Ȳjɋĵŏjh ȸ ĺ
ĻʆŇ=b űȲŶšŗ˱=
against them; then if they testify, confine them to
the houses until death takes them up or Allah makes
a way for them. 16 And those two of you who commit
it, then punish them both. Yet if they repent and
reform, then disregard them both. Indeed, Allah has
always been Granting and Accepting of repentance,
Bestowing of mercy. 17 Indeed, (g ranting of )
repentance is (incumbent) upon Allah for those who
do evil out of ignorance then repent soon after, for
those—Allah accepts their repentance. And Allah
has always been All-Knowing, All-Wise. 18 But
(granting of) repentance is not for those who (continue
to) do evil until, when death arrives to one of them,
he says, “Indeed, I have now repented,” nor for
those who die as deniers. Those—We have prepared
for them a painful punishment. 19 O you who have
attained faith, it is not lawful for you to inherit
women forcefully, and do not coerce them in order
to go away with some of what you have brought
them, unless they commit an evident a obscenity.
And let your pl relationship with them be in
accordance with what is fair. And if you dislike
them, it may be that you dislike something in which
Allah has placed much good. 20 And if youpl want
to replace one spouse with another spouse and you
have given one of them a fortune, then take nothing
back of it. Would you take it back (by committing)
perjury and evident sin? 21 And how can you take it
back when you have been intimate with one another
and they have taken from you a solid pledge? 22 And
do not marry women whom your fathers had
married, except what has already passed. Indeed,
that has been an obscenity and loathsome and an
evil way. 23 Prohibited for you are your mothers and
your daughters and your sisters and your paternal
aunts and your maternal aunts and your brother’s
daughters and your sister’s daughters and your
(foster) mothers who nursed you and your sisters
through nursing and your wives’ mothers and your
stepdaughters who are in your guardianship—born
of wives with whom you have consummated
marriage, but if you have not consummated
marriage with them, then no sin is committed by
you—and the lawful
consorts of your begotten sons
and to combine two sisters (in marriage, simultaneously),
except what has already passed. Indeed, Allah has
always been Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 24
Qa
Ibn Kathir and Shuʻba read it as: “. . . unless they commit an evidenced obscenity.”
53
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
ğ
ğ
i i i
i m k
i Ģhhh
Ʋj Š ɧ‹ űi Ȳjɋĵŏjh ȸ ŴjŲk űȡjKźł
ń Ǎj Ʋj Š ɧ‹ űi Ȳĸi j Ɍʍ
Kb
û
l
û
ğ
h
h
h h
i h û
h Ŷh Łi ƆhŦ Ŵğ Źķ űļi ŰŇh Ih AźiŵźȲ
Gĵ
Ļ űů `jıŦ Ŵğ Źj j ķ űļi ŰŇI
jj
h i h h
i mhûh i Ģh h h û i ûh h
h ȑ‹ğ űi Ȳ
`=bh űû ȲjĸŠʄŔû = Ŵjû Ų ŴŽj
j ɋĵŶȨɁ ŮjɌˁńb űȲžŰŠ
ğ ûh û i û hûh l i hûh
h
hh
h h hğ ğ
`j? ñťŰŎh ʼnû ũ ĵŲh ƅj? ǻ
`ǽ Ĭ‹
j ļŇƁ‹ ǻȨ AźšųƏ
ğ
m k
û ųi û ɉ‹bø
q ńKğ ˊKź
i Šɰh ŕh Ņ
q ŧi Ȯh
h ̘ ĵųžj
ĵŲh ƅj? ;j ĵŏh j ȿů‹ Ŵjh Ų ĺ
i h ğ i i h h ğ h Šh û i iŠh ûh û h h h
ĵŲğ űȲů Ůjń=bh űô û Ȳžû ŰŠ jĬ‹ Ķ
ɮjŬ ðűȲŶʅŽɁ ĺŭŰɊ
h
l
Ġ
h
û
i h û h h û i Šh h m h h
i Šh û
h ŶŕƤ
hǞû Ȯ ǻj
űȲj ůʆŲįjķ AźŤļȼĻ `= űȲj ůə ;AKb
j
i
h i
i h i ğ i i nh h ğ i û
û ĵųh ȯh ǻ
h ŧɹ
Ŵğ ŸKź
Ł= ŴŸźĻĵZŦ ŴŹŶjŲ Ājŷjķ űļi šû ļh ųû ļh Ŏ‹
j jŠ Ų
ô Ņ
h h h û i ûh h h h i h h ôq h h
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ājŷjķ űļi žû ŗŠɷh Ļ ĵųžj
ȯ űȲžŰŠ GĵŶŁ ƅb ĹŘɆŋj Ŧ
ğ
h hû
q ŭńh ĵųžj
h ğ `ğ ? ˏjĹŘɆ
e ŰŠh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
ŋj ŧů‹
şû śj ļh ŏû h ȹ űû ů ŴŲh bh ̙ ĵųžj
j
h
e
û
û
h Šh û i
i
h h û
ĵŲğ Ŵųj Ŧ ĺ
j ŶhŽ `= ƅźû Śh űû ȲŶjŲ
j ŠɰŕŅųi ɉ‹ Ńh ŭ
j ɰjŲİųɉ‹ ĺ
h û h iğ h
i Šh h h k i iŠh ûh û h h h
h Ųİû ųi û ɉ‹ űi Ȳ
Š
ɰj
űi ŰŠ= Ĭ‹
bĺ
j ļɱļȯ ŴjŲ űȲŶʅŽɁ ĺŭŰɊ
ˏj
û
h
i i
ûh k i i ûh i h
`j JjıjȨ Ŵğ ŸźŅ
Ȳ
j ŵĭŦ Ŗ
ˏ p šȨ Ŵü Ųj űȲŘšȨ űˏ Ȳj ŶŠʅŽjıjȨ
ûi
ih i i ğ i i hh ğ ûh
û û
h û Ȯh ĺŠɰh ŕh Ƥ
[b
Ǟ
Ł= ŴŸźĻA;b ŴŹj j ŰŸ=
j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ Ŵğ ŸKź
g
h
h
i
m
h Š h Ųi
h û ȩh Ɂ `û ıhŦ Ŵğ ŕńû = AJh ıhŦ `Aʼnh Ňû = DŠɶh ňļğ Ųi ƅh bh ĺŠɳ
ǻ
j j
j
p jŧɹ
j
j ˏp
h h h h Šh
i û
h h û û hh h
Ŵjh Ų ĺ
j ŠɰŕŅųi ɉ‹ ȇ ĵŲ ťŕj ŵ Ŵğ Źj žû Űšȯ Ĺp ŒŅ
j ʁjķ
h
l i û h h û i
h hû
h Ŷh šh ûů‹ ǀ
h j Ňh Ŵû ųjh ɉ ūjh ɉŠəh BA
Abǚj ŕĻ `=b űô ȲŶjŲ ĺ
ˏ j Ŋšů‹
i h hkhi iğ i i
x ğ x i h iğ h û i ğ xû h
űû Ȳů ǻ
j ȼȎj Ĭ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ž ̚ űžjńK KźŧȮ Ĭ‹b ñűȲů ǞŇ
i ûh h h ih
i ûh
i h ûhh
h h Ŏi űû Ȳ
h ȑ‹ğ Ǻ
ŽjʼnŹɆb
ñűû ȲžŰŠ BźļɆbh űû Ȳj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
h
h
i
h h ih
i ŋiŽ Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ̛ űžj
i ğ bh
x ŭńh űžj
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Bź
ļȬ `= ʼnɆ
j
i h h hh ğ h i ğh h ğ i ih
q Şj Šh Ɔe žû Ųh l AźŰž
ĵųž
ųj Ļ `= D
j Š ʆŹŒɉ‹ `źšjĸȽŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ɇb
û
q h Šh
i h h khi h iğ i i
h ŰŇi bh űû ȲŶ
ƃ‹
Ũj
Š ťŧj ƞ `= Ĭ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ž ̜
ĵŧžjšŗ Ŵi ɹȸ
ô
j
û
h h
h
ğ
l
h
i i h h l
i
i
h ȑ‹
Ģ ̝
űȲŶh ûɀhķ űȲůŠʆh Ųû = Aźm ŰȱįĻ ƅ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽ
j ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
h i
h h e h h i h h mğ
hû
ƅbh űô û ȲŶjŲk PA
p ŋh Ļ ŴŠ Cŋh Šɲj Ļ `źȲĻ `= ƅj? Ůj śj Šɭůĭjķ
And (also prohibited are) women in wedlock, except
those whom youpl rightfully possessa. (This is) Allah’s
decree, binding upon you. But anything beyond
these limits has been made lawful for youb, provided
you seek them in wedlock, not in fornication, with
(dowries from) your own wealths. So if you wish to
enjoy them, then bring them their rewards— (as) an
obligation. And no sin is committed by you if you
agree to any change to the dowry after establishing
the obligation. Indeed, Allah has always been AllKnowing, All-Wise. 25 But if one of you lacks the
means to marry free believing women, then of
those whom you rightfully possess from among
your believing maidens. And Allah knows better of
your faith. You are of one anotherc, so marry them
with the permission of their familiesd and bring
them their rewards in accordance with what is fair,
in wedlock, not in fornication nor as mistresses.
Then when they are married, if they commit an
obscenitye, then their punishment is half that of free
women. That is for those of you who want to avoid
distress (by falling in sin). But to be patient is better for
you. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of
mercy. 26 Allah wants to make things evident to
youpl and to guide you by the rules (He set) for those
before you and to grant you repentance and accept
it from you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
And Allah wants to grant you repentance and
27
accept it from you, while those who follow desires
want you to deviate (with) a great deviation. 28 Allah
wants to lighten (your burden) for you, for man was
created weak. 29 O you who have attained faith, do
not devour each other’s wealths illicitly; rather
(lawfully), if it should be a bargainf by your mutual
consent. And do not kill yourselves; indeed, Allah
has always been Bestowing of mercy upon you. 30
And whoever does that out of hostility and
unjustly—We will roast him in a fire, and that has
always been easy for Allahg. 31 If youpl avoid the
Men were not allowed to have intimate relationships with their bondwomen who were taken captive in war—a worldwide
that they were not pregnant from their previous
ancient common practice—unless they menstruated at least once, to verify
husbands before bondage.
Qb
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al Kesa’i, Abu Jaʻfar and Khalaf read it as: “But He has made anything beyond these limits
lawful for you.”
c
Equal.
d
The guardians were called families.
e
Adultery.
Qf
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . rather (it is lawful) in case there is a bargain by your
mutual consent.”
g
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
a
54
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h h hğ ğ û i h i h lm i i ûh
i
q ńKh űû Ȳ
ŴŲh bh ̞ ĵųžj
ķj `ǽ Ĭ‹
`j? űô Ȳŏŧŵ= AźŰļŪȩ
û
h h q h
i h h
i q
h h û û
`Ȣbh ˊô Kĵ
ŵ jŷžj Űŕû ŵ [źû ŏh Ŧ ĵųq Űŝbh ĵŵŠɩh ʼnû Ši ūj ɉŠə Ůšh ŧȬh
hh h h
m h l ûh
h h i
e h ȹ jĬğ ‹ ȇ
ūj ɉŠə
ŷi Ŷû ȭ `źû Źh Ŷû ȩ ĵŲh ŋh j ɋĵĸh Ŭ Aźĸi j ȿļh Ə `j? ̟ AǞjŏ
h qh
i û i i
i h kh i
ĵųq Ɇŋj Ŭ ƆŇʼnû ŲĠ űȲŰjŇʼnû ŵbh űû Ȳj ĻĵnZh j žk Ŏh űû ȲŶŠ ŋû ŧj Ȳŵ
i h ûh
û h Š h h űû Ȳ
i ğ Ůh Řğ hŦ ĵŲh l Aźû Ŷğ ųh ļh ȩh ƅh bh ̠
Ŗ
ŘšȨ Ājŷjķ Ĭ‹
ˏ p šȨ ȇ
k
û
x ŕhŵ ^ĵŁh ŋŰ
x ŕhŵ ;j m ĵŏh kȿŰj ɉbh l Aźð ĸi ŏh hȽȱ‹
ĵųjğ Ɋk Ķž
ĵųjğ Ɋk Ķž
j
j j j k jů
j
ki
h h hğ ğ m û h
hû h h û
h ğ l AźiŰnZh Ŏû bh Ƿ
`j? ĀjôŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
Ůj Ȳjķ `ǽ Ĭ‹
ô ŏȽȱ‹
h
ki h
q ŰŠh ;ƾ
h h û h h h ğ h Š ʆh Ųh ĵŶh ûŰšh Łh Ȃj
`A
ůb ̡ ĵųžj
g û
j Ȑj Š ʆů‹ ]ŋĻ ĵųjɊ Ǔ
j
p
i i nh h û i i Š h û h û h h h h ğ h h i h û h û h
h ŕj hŵ űû Ÿź
űô û Źi ĸž
ĻĵZŦ űȲŶʅŽɁ DʼnŪȭ ŴŽjȑ‹b `ź
ô ɅŋũƁ‹b
h
hh h i ğh i h k
h h h hğ ğ
e h û h ki ȇ
ȇ `źɊŠʆũ ^ĵŁŋɉ‹
j Š `ǽ Ĭ‹ `j?
j ̢ AʼnžŹj ő p;ƾ ȁ
l ih h mh h
i ğ Ůh Řğ hŦ ĵųh ķ j;mĵŏh j kȿů‹
Š h h űû Źi Řh šû Ȩh Ĭ‹
AźŪŧŵ= ĵųjɅb Ŗp šû Ȩh ȇ
j
û
k
ûh x h h f h h i h ğ h û hûh û
ĵųh j ķ Ķ
j žŤŰj ů ĺŠɾjŧŠɖ ĺŠɮj ŶŠɥ ĺŠɳj ۊɻůĭŦ űô Źj j ɉŠʆŲ= ŴjŲ
i i û h ğ i i h ğ i h i i h i h h Šğ h i ğ h h
Ŵğ Ÿbŋi ł
Ÿ‹b ŴŸźŞjšŦ ŴŸLźŒȸ `źŦĵƛ Ʋj ɧ‹b ôĬ‹ Ŝjŧń
l iûh hh û i hû hh û h ğ i i û h
h hû
AźŤĸȩ ƆŦ űȲŶšŚ= `jıŦ ðŴŸźɅǰ‹
j ĵŘųɉ‹ Ǎj
j b jşŁ
e h ğ ûh h
û û
q ĸŬh ĵžjkq ŰŠh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? ñ Ɔž
űû ļi ŧjŇ `˯ ̣ ˊǞ
j j ȼŎ ŴŹj žŰŠ
j
h
h l i û h h ûh h h
ûh
Ŧ ĵųŹj j Ŷɀķ \ĵŪjő
Ŵjû Ųk ĵųq ŭńh bh ĀjŷjŰŸ= Ŵjû Ųk ĵųq ŭńh AźĿšh Ȩĭ
m ûh
h mh i
k
h h hğ ğ m h ihûh iğ
`j? ñ ĵųŹŶɀķ Ĭ‹ Ũjj ȯźh iŽ ĵŅq Š ʄŔû j ? AʼnɆ
ŋj Ž `j? ĵŹjh ŰŸ=
`ǽ Ĭ‹
l i ûi hh hğ l i i û h
q h
q h e h
ðĵnZžû ő Ājŷjķ AźȡǬ
j ȶ ƅb Ĭ‹ Abʼnĸȭ‹bø ̤ ˊǞjĸŇ ĵųžj ŰŠ
h û
h hû h Š h Šh hû h Šh û iû
ûŽȐh j Š ʆh ûůĭɅbh
h ĵŶq ɹ
Š
Š
ń
?
Ŵ
ǻj
ŭ
ɹ
ų
ɉ‹
b
ȗ
ŋ
Ū
ů‹
dj
Ŋ
Ʌ
b
b
ǖ
ɮ
Ȏ‹
j
j
j
j
j
ûh
ûi
ûh h h û i û
ûh h
ğ
i
h
Š ŋŪů‹ djJ jKĵƠ‹b
Ķ˪
j Ơĭjķ Ķj
j ńĵŕɉ‹b Ķ
j ŶƠ‹ jKĵƠ‹b ȗ
i h hğ ğ û i iŠh ûh û h h h h h
û h
ğ
`j? ñűȲŶʅŽɁ ĺŭŰɊ ĵŲb Ůž
ŴŲh ĶjĠ Ƙ ƅ Ĭ‹
j j ȼŏɉ‹ Ŵj ķ‹b
h i iûhh h i h ûh h ğ
i h q hûi h h
hMĵğȍ‹ `b
e ň
ŋɊįɆb `źŰňĸȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ̥ AKź
Ŧ ƅĵļƥ `ǽ
h
m
h
h û
h i i û h h û iû
û
i ğ űi Źi Š ƋhĻA;h ĵŲh `ź
ĵŵʼnû ļh ȭ=bh ĀjñŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
ųļȲɆb Ůj ňȊĭjķ
mh h û i h h û h h i i h ğ h
h û
q ŹɊĠ ĵķAq Ŋh Šh ŴɆ
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
;ĵijjK űŹɉŠʆŲ= `źŪŧj ŶŽ ŴŽjȑ‹b ̦ ĵŶž
Űj ɉ
j
j
major deeds of what you have been forbidden, We
remit your (lesser) evil deeds and make you enter in
a noble waya. 32 And do not covet whatever Allah
has favored some of you with over others. For men
is a share of what they have earned, and for women
is a share of what they have earned. And ask Allah
of his grace. Indeed, Allah has always been AllKnowing of everything. 33 Thus to everyone We
have assigned heirsb for what parents and close relatives
have left. And those with whom youpl have a bond
of sworn fidelity—bring them their share. Indeed,
Allah has always been Witness over everything. 34
Men should be constant caretakers of women with
what Allah has favored one over the other and with
what they spend (for support) from their wealths. So
righteous women are devout, preservers of (virtue,
even regarding) hidden matters, as Allahc (commanded
matters to be) preserved. But those women from whom
youpl fear disloyalty—admonish them and abandon
them in beds and strike themd. But if they obey you,
then do not seek any way against them. Indeed,
Allah has always been All-High, Supreme. 35 And
if youpl fear discord between themdl, then send a
judge from his family and a judge from her family;
if theydl want reconciliation, Allah will bring about
harmony between them. Indeed, Allah has always
been All-Knowing, All-Aware. 36 And worship
Allah and do not associate anything with Him, and
be good to both parents and to the relative and the
orphans and the destitutepl, and the neighbor who
is a relative and the neighbor who is a stranger, and
the companion at your sidee and the traveler in need
and to those whom you rightfully possess. Indeed,
Allah does not love whoever has been a selfadmiring boaster: 37 thosef who are miserly and
command mankind to miserliness and conceal what
Allah has brought them of His grace—and We have
prepared for the deniers a demeaning punishment,
and those who spend their wealths for show in
38
front of people and believe neither in Allah nor in
the Last Day. And whoever has Satan as a comrade,
then how evil is such a comrade! 39 And what harm
would it have done them, had they believed in Allah
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and enter you into a noble entrance.”
Literally ‘protégés’.
Qc
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . as (the religion of) Allah has been preserved.”
d
Hitting lightly after two phases of non-physical interaction is a sign of seriousness about ending the marriage.
e
The fellow-traveler.
f
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qa
b
55
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
û h ğ h
û h
i
j ğȍ‹
Ŵj ȲhŽ ŴŲh bh ˍŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎĭjķ ƅbh jĬĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅbh Mĵ
h
hh h
ğ
q ŋhũ ÿȔi h Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
q ŋhũ ;h m ĵŏh hŦ ĵŶɆ
źû ɉ űû Źj žû ŰŠ AJĵŲh bh ̧ ĵŶɆ
j
j
h h iğ i i hh h ğ l i h hh
û û h ğ l ih
`Ȣbh Ĭ‹
ô űŹȰLK ĵųjɊ AźŪŧŵ=b ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źhȎ‹b jĬĭjķ AźŶŲA;h
h h hû
û h hğ ğ
i h
iğ
e ŰŠh űû Źķ Ĭ‹
`j? ̨ ĵųžj
ūĻ `˯ ˌp ˅Kğ J ^ĵŪĿjŲ űji ŰŞȬh ƅ Ĭ‹
jj
û h qh h
hûh h
û
h e û h iûiğ
q
ťžŭŦ ̩ ĵųžŞj Š AŋŁ= ŷŵȐ ŴjŲ D
j İɆi bh ĵŹh ŧjšŠɼiŽ ĹŶŏh ń
m h Ģ h Šh h h h û h
h ği ki
h û AJh ?
j;ƅİi ʧ
ȇ ūjķ ĵŶĴŁ
b
ʼn
ž
Ź
Œ
j p j j ȵ ģ Ĺ Ų= ȁ
j j
j ŴjŲ ĵŶĴŁ
hû h i ğ l i h h h l i h h h ğ Ġ h h h û h
q h
źɉ ^źŎŋɉ‹ AźŕŠb Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ IźŽ Ŋp j ɌŲźŽ ̪ AʼnžŹj ő
h h
q h hğ h iiû h hh i hû i Š ğ hi
Ģ ̫ ĵĿŽj
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ʼnń Ĭ‹ `źųļȲŽ ƅb P˱Ɓ‹ űŹj j ķ cźŏȶ
h i û i hh hŠh ğ l ih ûh h l ih h h ğ
Š ŋh Š ʃ
Š ğ ńh c
Ŏ űļŵ=b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźɅŋŪȩ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
Ʋ
ğ
h h i ih h l ihûh
Š ğ ńh ŮžjȼŎh dŋj j ķȕh ƅj? ĵĸe Ŷi Łi ƅbh `ź
Ʋ
ɉźŪȩ ĵŲ AźųŰšȩ
g
h
h
h
h
l i hûh
i
m
h Š h û Ģ h ûğ i
x
ʼnńh = ;h ĵŁh bû = ŋg ŧŎh ȇ
b= ǂŋŲ űļŶŬ `˯ Aźô Ű jŏȽŤȩ
m l h û h h h m h k i i û h Šh û h m h û h k i k
;q ĵŲh Abʼni Ə
j űŰŦ ;ĵŏjȿů‹ űļŏųɧ b= řj j ɋĵŤů‹ ŴjŲ űȲŶjŲ
l i h û h qk h q h l i ğ hhh
i
i
ûʼnŽɁh bh űû Ȳj
ûñűȲŽj
ŸźŁi źi j ķ AźŅ
ŏɊĭŦ ĵĸjžŚ AʼnžjšŔ Aźųųžļȯ
l i i h ğ h hh ûhh
h ğ `ğ ?
e ŧi Ȯh Aźĝ ŧi ȭh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ Ǔj? ŋĻ űɉɁ ̬ AKź
j
h h i ih hh h ğ
û
û
h
h i h
h
h k q h
`= `bʼnɆŋj Ɇb ĹۊʄŘɉ‹ `bǛ
Œȹ Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ ĵĸžŕj ŵ
h ğ l Ġ h
ğ Šhhh û i mh û h ih û h iğ h
ȡb űô Ȳj ɋAʼnŠįjķ űŰŠ= Ĭ‹b ̭ Ůžjȼŏɉ‹
AźŰŘ
jĬĭjķ Ǐ
j Ļ
h h h kq h
h i i l i h h ğ h k
q ŕj hŵ jĬğ ĭķ Ǐ
`źŦŋj k hƘ AbIĵŸ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ŴjŲ ̮ ˊǞ
j Š ȡb ĵȎj b
hû
h i ihh
ğ h
û bh ĵŶh žû ŕh Šh bh ĵŶh šû ųŎh `ź
şû ųh Ŏ‹
ɉźŪɆb ĀjŷjšŗA
j źh Ų ŴŠ űjh Ȁů‹
j
h
qû hh û h ûh ü h h h h h û i hû h
k
źû ɉbh ŴŽj
ˏ j Ȑ‹ Ǎj ĵŶšŚb űŹj j ļȿ jŏɉɂjķ ˋȎğ ĵŶjŠŠɚb şp ųŏɊ ǞȮ
ğ qû h h h h h û i h û h û h hû hhh hû h l i h û i ğh
űû Źi ɉ ˊǞ
Ň `Ǿů ĵŵŋŞŵ‹b şųŎ‹b ĵŶšŚ=b ĵŶšųj Ŏ Aźɉĵũ űŹȫɁ
ğ h i ûi hh û ûi
h h ûh
i ğ ‹ űi Źi Ŷh šh ůğ ŴȲ
ƅj? `źŶjŲİŽ ƆŦ űjŸŋj ŧȲjķ Ĭ
j Š ɧbh _źh ũ=bh
h h
q
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ l AźiĻbi= ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
hĵȍû Ōğ hŵ ĵųh ķ l AźŶji ŲA;h Ķ
Ģ ̯ Ɔžj Űhũ
j
h ğihh q i i h ûğ h ûh k i h h hk q k h i
ĵŸIǝȯ ĵŸźŁb ōųj śȫ `= Ůj ĸȰ ŴjŲ űȲšŲ ĵųj ɉ ĵũjʼnŕɊ
h h
h Ŕû h= m ĵŶğ šh hů ĵųh Ŭh űû Źi Ŷh šh ûŰhŵ bû h= m ĵŸh KĵhķIû h= ȇ
û ŏɉ‹
ğ
h
Ģhh
Š
`Ȣbh ĺ
ĸ
ɳ
Ķ
ˏj
j
and the Last Day and spent out of what Allah had
provided them? And Allah has always been AllKnowing about them. 40 Indeed, Allah does not do
an atom’s weight of injustice. And if it is a gooda
deed, He multiplies it and gives from Himself a
great reward. 41 So how will it be when We bring
forth a witness from every community and We
bring yousg forth as a witness over all these? 42 On
that day, those who denied and disobeyed the
Messenger wish that the earth would be leveled
with them, for they conceal nothing from Allah. 43
O you who have attained faith, do not approach
prayer while you are drunk so that you may know
what you say, nor while you are in a state of major
impurityb —unless you are traveling—until you
have bathed. And if you are sick or traveling or one
of you returns from relieving oneself or you have
touched women (in intercourse) and cannot find water,
then find clean soil and wipe your faces and your
hands with it. Indeed, Allah has always been
Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving. 44 Have yousg not seen
those who were given a share of the Scripture? They
purchase utter misguidance and want youpl to stray
from the way. 45 Yet Allah knows better of your pl
enemies, and sufficient is Allah as an Ally, and
sufficient is Allah as a Supporter. 46 Some of those
who have Judaized distort words from their context
and say, “We have heard and disobeyed,” and
“Listen; may yousg not hear,” and “Raʻinac”, twisting
it with their tongues and thereby slandering the
religion. But had they said, “We have heard and
obeyed,” and “Listen,” and “Give us your sg
attention,” it would have been better for them and
more upright. But Allah has cursed them for their
denial, so they do not believe except for a few. 47 O
you who have been brought the Scripture, believe
in what We have bestowed from on high, confirming
what you have, before We obliterate faces and turn
them around upon their backs, or curse them as We
cursed the fellows of the Sabbath d . And the
command of Allah is bound to be performed. 48
Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating (any
partners) with Him, yet He forgives anything less
than that for whomever
He wills. And whoever
associates anything with Allah has very truly
Qa
b
c
d
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . atom’s weight of injustice. And if there is a good deed . . .”
A state of major impurity after sexual discharge, requiring a full body wash.
This word means ‘Pay heed to us’ but sounds similar to a Hebrew word that means ‘the most evil of us’.
The breakers of the Sabbath.
56
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h
e i ûh ğ i ûh
h ğ `ğ ? ̰ ƅź
h û i ȹ `= ŋi jŧŤû Ȭh ƅh Ĭ‹
Ājŷjķ ]h Ǭ
šŧŲ jĬ‹ ŋɊ=
j
h h ğ û û i h h i m h h h h Šh h i h i û h h
ʼnj Ūȯ jĬĭjķ ]Ǭ
j ȹ ŴŲb ô ;ĵŒȹ Ŵųj ɉ ūj ɉə `bI ĵŲ ŋjŧŤɆb
h
h
Ġ
i h
e Şj Šh ĵųe Ȫû ? c
hhû
h ȑ‹ğ Ǔh ? ŋh hĻ űû h ɉɁ ̱ ĵųž
űˏ Źi ŏh ŧŵ= `źȡŌh iŽ ŴŽj
j Ģ Ǜȯ‹
j
k iğ
e h h h û h m h
i
ŋû Şŵ‹ ̲ ƆžjļŦ `źųi ŰŞȬi ƅbh ;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh ȟj Ōh iŽ Ĭ‹
Ůj hķ
h hh h h û ğ hh h ih ûh hûh
e ĸŲĠ ĵųq ûľ? mĀjŷķ Ǐ
̳ ĵŶɀ
j j Š ȡb ðBjŊŭů‹ jĬ‹ ȇ `bǛŧȬ ťžŬ
j
h
û
h û h k q h l i i h ğ h hh ûhh
Š
`źŶji ŲİiŽ Ķ
ɮj
j ŭů‹ ŴjŲ ĵĸžŕj ŵ AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ Ǔj? ŋĻ űɉɁ
mhiĢh l ihh
h i ihh
i ğ
û û ķ
h ȓjğ ɉ `ź
;j ƅİʧ
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
ɉźŪɆb Dź
j ŤŠɽů‹bh ĺ
j ĸƠĭ
j j
i
ğ
ğ
l
e
h
h
h
h Ÿû h=
h ȑ‹ Ŵjh Ų c
h ȑ‹ ūɌʤĢ bl = ̴ ƆžȼŎh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
Š
ʼn
űi Źi Ŷh šh ů ŴŽj
j
j
h
h
h
h
h
û
e ŕj ŵ ÿȔi ʼnh Ə ŴŰh hŦ Ĭ‹
i ğ Ŵšh ûŰhŽ ŴŲh bh ðĬ‹
iğ
űû Źi ɉ _= ̵ AǞ
j
j
h
h i ûi ğ q h û iû h k x
h
h ȍ‹
e jŪhŵ Mĵ
ğ `ź
_û = ̶ AǞ
ĻİŽ ƅ AJjıŦ ū
j Űųɉ‹ ŴjŲ Ķžŕj ŵ
hh
h i i ûh
û h
h ğȍ‹ `b
i ğ űi Źi Š ƋhĻA;h m ĵŲh ȇ
Š h h Mĵ
ʼnû Ūȯ ĀjðŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
ʼnŏƘ
ûe Ġ i h û h h h h h û û h h h û h h û h h m h û h h
ǾŰŲ űŹŠɰžȩA;b Ĺųŭj ơ‹b ĶŠɮjŭů‹ űžjŸŠɷķj? ^A; ĵŶɀĻA;
h
h
q Şj Šh
ŷô i Ŷû ȭ ʼnğ Ŕh ŴŲğ űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh Ājŷjķ Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû Ųğ űŹi Ŷû ųj Ŧ ̷ ĵųž
h
hh
h l hh h ğ ğ
e jšŎh űh Ŷğ Źh hƎ Ǐ
[źû Ŏh ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `j? ̸ AǞ
j Š ȡbh
û
e i
i i i
û łh Řhŵ ĵųh ğǿi ˊKĵ
q hŵ űû Źžj Űŕû iŵ
AIźŰŁi űû Źi Šɰh ůʼnğ hķ űŸIźŰŁi ĺ
j
j
û
l
h
h
i
i
ğ
h
h hû h
q ŭńh AŌɆ
h h
h ğ `? BA
e ŌŠh `ǽ Ĭ‹
̹ ĵųžj
j ñ Ŋšů‹ AźũbŊhȎj ĵŸǞȮ
j
ğh û ii ûi h
h ğ l i h l ih
h ȑ‹ğ bh
ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
p ŠɰŁ űŹŰjŇʼnŶŎ ĺ
h
m h û iğ qhh m h
h Ȓj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹û ĵŹh j ļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋûƏh
ĵŹžjȯ űŹɉ ðˑʼnķɁ ĵŹžjȯ ŴŽj
j
e h kq û i i û i h x h ğ h Ġ x h û h
ğ ğ
hĬ‹
`j?ø ̺ Ɔžj Űŝ Ɔjŝ űŹŰjŇʼnŵb ð CŋŹśŲ FŠɩL=
û
h h h h û h Ģh
h hhû l Ġ hi h i
h û Ȩh űļi ųû ŭ
ǻ
ń AJ˯ ĵŹj ŰŸ= Ǔj? ĺ
j ŠɰŠɨƁ‹ AbIİĻ `= űû ȱŋi Ɋi įhŽ
i ûh h
ğ
i i
h ğ `ğ ? ^ʼnû šh ûůĭķ l Aźųi ŭ
j ğȍ‹
ƕ `= Mĵ
`j? mĀjñŷjķ űȲŞjšhŽ ĵųğ jšjŵ Ĭ‹
j ˏj
j
l i h lm i h h h ğ h Ġh h
h ųŎh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
hğ
q ŕj hķ ˋü šž
Ģ ̻ ˊǞ
AźšžjŚ= AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
j
h û lih h i l i hh hğ
i
û
ûűļi ȭû Ōh Šɰh hĻ `ıhŦ ðűû ȲŶj
ğ AźšžjŚ=b Ĭ‹
Ų jŋɊƁ‹ Ƞj b=b ^źŎŋɉ‹
j
ûi i i
ğ h
i ğ h ğ h i Ġ h û h Ǎ
Ŭ `j? ^ź
jĬĭjķ `źŶji ŲİĻ űû ļŶ
j
j Ŏŋɉ‹b jĬ‹ Ǔj? abIŋi Ŧ ;p ƾ
fabricated a great sin. 49 Have yousg not seen those
who claim purity for themselves? Rather, Allah
purifies whom He wills, and they will not be dealt
with unjustly by as much as the thread upon a datestone. 50 Seesg how they fabricate lies against Allah,
and that alone suffices as an evident sin. 51 Have
yousg not seen those who were given a share of the
Scripture? They believe in superstitiona and false
masters, and say of those who have denied, “These
are better guided on the way than the ones who have
believed.” 52 Those are the ones whom Allah has
cursed; and whomever Allah curses, you will find
no supporter for him. 53 Or do they own a share of
the dominion? Then they do not bring to mankind
by as much as a groove in a date-stone. 54 Or do they
envy mankind for whatever Allah has brought them
of His grace? For surely, We brought Abraham’s
folk the Scripture and wisdom, and We gave them
a great dominion. 55 Then, of them there were those
who attained faith in him, and of them were those
who barred from him. And sufficient is Hell as a
blaze. 56 Indeed, those who have denied Our signs—
We will roast them in a fire. Every time their skins
are roasted through, We will replace them with
other skins so that they may (continue to) taste the
punishment. Indeed, Allah b has always been
Almighty, All-Wise. 57 But those who have attained
faith and have done righteous deeds—We will enter
them into Gardens beneath which rivers f low,
abiding therein forever; for them in it are cleansed
spouses, and We will admit them into an evershading shade. 58 Indeed, Allah commands youpl to
return trusts back to their owners, and that when
you judge between mankind, you judge with justice;
indeed, Allah admonishes you with what is
excellent. Indeed, Allah has always been AllHearing, All-Seeing. 59 O you who have attained
faith, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those
in command among you. And if you disagree over
anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you
believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and
fairer in interpretation. 60 Have yousg not seen those
who claim that they have believed in what was sent
what was sent down before you,
down to you and
yet they want the judgment of false masters in spite
of being commanded to deny it? For Satan wants to
a
b
The Arabic word is Gypt which may also mean the Gyptana, a book written by ancient Egyptian monks.
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
57
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h
h h hh
û
e ûh
h h h
Ǔj? ŋh Ļ űû ɉɁ ̼ ƆɆjbįĻ Ŵi ŏh ńû =bh xǞû Ň ūj ɉŠə ˏŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh
h i m h h h ûh h i m h l i h h û i ğh h i i ûh h ğ
ŴjŲ ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲb ūȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵųjķ AźŶŲA; űŹȫɁ `źųȭŌŽ ŴŽjȑ‹
h lm i ûhh
i ğ h l h h h h h i i h ûh
`= Abŋji Ɋ= ʼnũb Dź
ŋj Ž ūj ŰĸȰ
j ŤŠɽů‹ Ǔj? Aźm ųi ŬĵŅļȬh `= `bʼnɆ
h
l
ğ
h
h
ü h
ğ i
iû h
q
Aʼnžšj hķ ƆŠʄŗ űû Źi ŰŘ
j iŽ `= Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ɇi bh Ājðŷjķ Abŋi ŧȲŽ
h i ğ h h h m h Šh l û h h h û i h h h
i
ğ
^ź
j Ŏŋɉ‹ Ǔ˯ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵŲ Ǔj? Aźɉĵšȩ űŹɉ ŮžjȰ AJ˯ ̽
mh hû h h
q
h h h
ûŽɁh Kh
h ŪŧŠɰh ųi û ɉ‹ ĺ
h
AJj? ťžŭŦ ̾ AIbʼni Ŕi ūŶŠ `bʼnĠ ŕi hŽ ǻ
jj
h i ûh h i m h ğ i û ûh û h ğ h h h Ġ i ûhŠ h h
`źŧj ŰƘ ]b;ĵŁ űȪ űŹj ŽjʼnŽɁ ĺŲʼnũ ĵųjķ ˫ĸžŕj Ų űŹļĸɞ=
h
ğ
e h
ğ
h Ģhli
h ȑ‹ğ ū
Š h ńû j ? mƅj? m ĵhŵIû Kh = `û j ? jĬĭ
ŴŽj
Ɍj ʤb= ̿ ĵŪžjȯźû Ļbh ĵŶq ɹ
jķ
h
ğ i
ii
û
h û û h
i ğ ‹ űi hŰšû Ȭh
űû Źi ɉ Ůũbh űû Źi ŞjŠbh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ Pŋj ŠįŦ űû Źj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ĵŲh Ĭ
ğ
q h üh û h û i h m
i Kğ ŴjŲ ĵŶh ûŰŎh Kû h= m ĵŲh bh ̀ ĵŤžj
Űķ ƅźũ űŹj jŏŧŵ= Ǎj
ƅj? ^ź
Ŏ
g
h
h
l
h
h
û h
ğ
i mi ğ
ğ
h ;i m ĵŁh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ
= AźųŰŝ Jj? űû Źi ȫɁ źû ɉbh jôĬ‹ `j JjıjȨ Sĵśh iȎj
]b
h hğ l i h hh i i ğ i ih h h û h û h hğ l i h û h û h
ĵķAq źğ Ļ Ĭ‹
AbʼnŁźɉ ^źŎŋɉ‹ űŹɉ ŋŧŤļŎ‹b Ĭ‹ AbŋŧŤļŎĭŦ
k hi ğ h h i ûi h h kh h hh
h ųji ŭ
q ńKğ
h ȯ ]ź
Š ń `źŶjŲİŽ ƅ ūjɅKb ƆŦ ́ ĵųžj
ĵųžj
ƘƲ
i h m l i h h ğ i û ihûh h h h
hĺžû Řh hũ ĵųjğ Ɋk ĵŁq ŋh ńh űû Ź jŏŧŵ
= Ǎj Abʼnƒ
j ƅ űȪ űŹŶɀķ ŋłő
j
lm i iû h û ûh h hûh h ğh ûh h
q Űŏû h ȶ l Aźųji kŰŏh i ȹbh
AźŰļȰ‹ `j = űŹj žŰŠ ĵŶȼļŬ ĵŵɁ źɉb ͂ ĵųžj
l
x h ğ i i h h ğ i Šh
i h
û h i
Ůžj Űũ ƅj? aź
Űšȯ ĵŲ űȡŋj ɔjI ŴjŲ AźŁi ŋi ҋ jb= űû Ȳŏh ŧŵ=
ğ qû h h h h
l i h ğh h
h i h
űû Źi ɉ ˊǞ
Ň `Ǿů Ājŷjķ `źŞȭźiŽ ĵŲh AźŰšh ȯ űû Źi ȫɁ źû ɉbh ðűû Źi Ŷjû Ųk
h q
q ĸûȾhĻ ʼnğ őh h=bh
q Şj Šh Aŋe Łû h= m ĵȫğ Ȑi ğ ŴjŲk űŹi Šɰh žû ȩ˘
AJ˯ ̓ ĵļɀ
̈́ ĵųž
j
h i ğ h hğ
q
hû h h
Ġ
h
h
û
q
h
i
û
^źŎŋɉ‹b Ĭ‹ jşśj Ž ŴŲbh ͅ ĵųžjŪļŏŲ ĵŚŠɷŔ
j űŹi ŠɰŽʼnŹh ɉbh
h h iğ h hûh h ğ h h h hlih
Ŵāh Zjžk j ȼğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űŹj žû ŰŠ Ĭ‹
űšȫɁ ŴŽjȑ‹ şŲ ūjɌʤĢ bįŦ
ğ h mh h Ġ h h k k h
h h i
h Ņjۊɻů‹
ūjɌʤĢ bl = Ŵh ŏi ńh bh ôǻ
b j;AʼnŹŒɉ‹b ǻjŪŽjʼnŕɉ‹
j
j b
û
h
q h
ğ Š h h ğ h i û h h Šh
q ŰŠh jĬĭ
͇ ĵųžj
ô ‹ ŴjŲ ŮŘŧů‹ ūj ɉə ͆ ĵŪžjȯK
j ķ Ǐ ȡb j Ĭ
h
i l i h û ih û l i i l ih h h ğ h ĠhĢh
h
g ĸȪ AbŋjŧŵĭŦ űȡKŊjń AbŊŇ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
jb= Dĵ
û h ğh khiğ hh û i
ğ
q Ʀh l Abŋi ŧŵ‹
`jıŦ Ǽśj ĸȎ Ŵųɉ űȲŶjŲ `˯ ͈ ĵšžj
j
make them stray into extreme misguidance. 61 And
when it is said to them, “Come to what Allah has
sent down, and to the Messenger,” you see the
hypocrites barring (themselves and others) from yousg
completely. 62 So how will it be when a calamity
befalls them because of what their hands have put
forth, then they come to yousg swearing by Allah:
“We only wanted excelling in doing good and
bringing about harmony”? 63 Those are the ones
whom Allah knows whatever is in their hearts, so
disregard them, yet admonish them and say to them
words far-reaching to their (inner) selves. 64 And
never did We send any messenger but to be obeyed
by Allah’s leavea. And had they—after being unjust
to themselves—come to yousg and sought Allah’s
forgiveness, and had the Messengerb prayed for
their forgiveness, they would have found Allah
Granting and Accepting of repentance, Bestowing
of mercy. 65 But no, by yoursg Lord, they will never
attain faith until they make you judge in their
disputes, then find within themselves no discomfortc
from whatever you have decreed and submit
completely. 66 And had We decreed for them: “Kill
yourselves,” or “Depart your homes,” they would
not have done it, except for a few of them. But had
they done what they were admonished, it would
have been better for them and a firmer confirmation.
And We would then have brought them from Us
67
a great reward, 68 and We would have guided them
to a straight path. 69 And whoever obeys Allah and
the Messenger—then those d are with the ones
whom Allah has blessed of the prophets and the
unwavering believers and the witnessese and the
righteous, and excellent are those as company! 70
That is the grace from Allah, and sufficient is Allah
as All-Knowing. 71 O you who have attained faith,
take your precautions, then mobilize in groups or
mobilize all together. 72 And indeed, there is among
you one who would certainly tarry behind; then, if
a calamity befalls you, he would say, “Allah has
truly favored me as I was not a witnessf with them.”
But if some grace from Allah befalls youpl, he
73
would say—as if no love existed between you and
a
b
c
d
e
f
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
Literally ‘blame’.
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
The Arabic word used is shuhada’, which literally means ‘witnesses’ and is usually used to describe martyrs.
The Arabic word shaheed may mean ‘a witness’, ‘a martyr’ or ‘present’.
58
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
i h h û ğh h i ğ h h û h û h h h x h Ġ i û hŠ h h
Ĭ‹ űšȫɁ ʼnũ ^ĵũ Ĺĸžŕj Ų űȲļĸɞ=
Ŵȱ= űû ɉ Jj? ȇ
h
h i ğ
x û h i
h h h
q h
Ŵğ ůźŪhȎ jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ŮŘŦ űû Ȳĸh Š ɞ= Ŵû j Ɍůbh ͉ AʼnžŹj ő űû Źi šh Ųğ
i hûh ü i h û ğ h h
i Ŭi ƴhȽžû hۊɔh x CIğ źh Ɋh ÿŷi Ŷh ûɀɅh bh űû Ȳ
ĺŶ
Ŷɀķ ŴȲĻ űů `įŬ
j
û
û
ğ
h iŦhįhŦ űû Źi šh Ųh
q Şj Šh ALe źû hŦ Lź
h Ǎ ŮjļŠʂh ži ŰhŦø ͊ ĵųž
ȼ
Ŏ
jĬ‹ Ůž
j
j
j
û Šhi h h h
h
h û Ġ h Š h hû h i û h h ğ
Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj ŮjļʂŽ ŴŲb ˏj CŋjŇ˖ĭjķ ĵžȫȐ‹ Cźžơ‹ `bǬȹ ŴŽjȑ‹
ğ
q Şj Šh Aŋe Łû h= jŷžjȩİû iŵ [h źû ŏh hŦ Ķjû ŰŤû Ȭh bû h= Ůû ļh Ūû ži ȯh jĬ‹
ĵŲh bh ͋ ĵųž
h i Šhi h û i h
ğ
h ŧšh Řû ļh ŏû ųi û ɉ‹bh jĬ‹
h
Ŵjh Ų ǻ
Ůž
j
j j ȼŎ Ǎj `źŰjļʂĻ ƅ űȲů
h i i h ğ Šh û û h m h k h
û h m
h k
ĵŶh Łû ŋj Ň= ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh `źɉźŪȬh ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `j ɵůjźɉ‹b j;ĵŏjȿů‹b ^ĵ
j Łŋɉ‹
j
ğh h û h h i û h ğ h û h û
hŠ û
qk h h i ğ
ĵȎj b ūŵȐ ŴjŲ ĵȍ ŮšŁ‹b ĵŹŰŸ= űjj ɉĵŞů‹ jĹɆŋŪů‹ j aŊj ɪ ŴjŲ
ğ
h i h l
h iğ
û bh
e ŕj hŵ ūŵ
h ȑ‹ğ ͌ AǞ
`źŰjļŠʂiŽ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
Ȑ ŴjŲ ĵhȍ Ůšh Ł‹
h i Šhi l i h h
ğ
h Ǎ `ź
h
h ȑ‹ğ bh ðjĬ‹
Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
Ű
ļ
ʂ
Ž
Ab
ŋ
ŧ
ȱ
ŴŽj
Ůž
j
j
j
j
j j ȼŎ Ǎj
h ğ
ğ m h ûh lm i Šhh
ğ
h h
i ğ
`ǽ Ŵj Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ ʼnh žû Ŭ `j? ˌŴj Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ ;h ĵȎ
j b= AźŰjļʂŦ Dź
j ŤŠɽů‹
h l Ġi
h h h ğ h hh ûhh
e h
i
űû ȲhŽjʼnûŽɁ Aźm ŧŬ űû Źi ɉ ŮžjȰ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ Ǔj? ŋĻ űɉɁ ͍ ĵŧžjšŗ
i h û i ûh h h i ğhh hŠ h ğ l i h h hŠh ğ l i hh
^ĵļjŪů‹ űŹj žŰŠ ĶjļŬ ĵųŰŦ CźŬŌɉ‹ AźĻA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźųžjȰ=b
û h h h ğ h û h ûh û iûk x h h
hh h ğ
ʼnğ ő= bû = jĬ‹ jĹžh ŒňŬ Mĵ
ȍ‹ `źŒƞ űŹŶjŲ ŨɆŋj Ŧ AJj?
h
mhh û ğ m hûh h h û hûh h h ûh h h hğ h l i h h qh û h
ĵŶȩŋŇ= ƅźɉ ^ĵļjŪů‹ ĵŶžŰŠ ĺĸļŬ űj ɉ ĵŶɅK Aźɉĵũb ô ĹžŒŇ
k h
x h û Ġ i Šh h ûi
h h h Ģh
Ŵj ųjh ɉ xǞû Ň iCŋjh Ň˖‹bh Ůžj Űũ ĵžh ȫȐ‹
şɮŲ Ůũ ĶɆ
ŋ
ˍ p j ũ Ůp Ł= Ǔj?
h
l i i h
e h h h ûi h hğ
Ġ
Š ȩ‹
űi ȲȡjKʼnû iŽ AźŵźȲĻ ĵųh Ŷh Ȭû Ɂ ͎ ƆžjļŦ `źųi ŰŞȩ ƅbh ǐ
x h h h û iû i
h
i i h i û
i
ĹŶŏń űŹĸŕj Ļ `˯ ˍpCʼnh žğ ŒŲĠ Fb
p ŋi ķ Ǎj űû ļŶŬ źû ɉbh Dźû ųh ɉ‹
l i ih x h k h û iû i
h l i i
ğ
AźɉźŪȬ ĹĴjɀŎ űŹĸŕj Ļ `˯ ðjĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų Āj aŊj Šɪ AźɉźŪȬh
mhiĢh
h
û
û k xk i û i h
hh ğ
;j ƅİʧ
^ĵ
j ųȯ ðjĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ ŴjŲ ȁ Ůũ ô]jʼnŶjŠ ŴjŲ Āj aŊj Šɪ
h hû
q
h hû h i h
h h h h mğ
ûŴjŲ ū
ķĵŔ= ĵŲ ͏ ĵĿŽjʼnńh `źŹi ŪŧȬh `bIĵȲhŽ ƅ _j źû Ūů‹
h h k h
h ûğ
h h h h mhh ğ h h h h h
ôū jŏŧȫ Ŵųj Ŧ pĹĴjɀŎ ŴjŲ ūķĵŔ= ĵŲb ðjĬ‹ Ŵųj Ŧ pĹŶŏń
q h ğ Šhhh q ih
h û h
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ūŠɰh ŰŎh Kû =bh
ȡb ô ƅźŎK Mĵ
jşśj iŽ ŴŲğ ͐ AʼnžŹj ő jĬĭjķ Ǐ
him—“If only I had been with them, I could have
triumphed a great triumph.” 74 Let those who sell
the Earlier Life in exchange for the Hereafter
combat in the cause of Allah. For whoever combats
in the way of Allah, then is killed or overcomes, We
will bring him a great reward. 75 And what is the
matter with youpl that you do not combat in the way
of Allah and for the ones deemed weak and
oppressed among men and women and children—
those who say, “Our Lord, get us out from this town
whose people are unjust, and appoint for us from
You a guardian, and appoint for us from You a
supporter!”? 76 Those who have attained faith
combat in the way of Allah, while those who have
denied combat in the way of false masters. So
combatpl the allies of Satan; indeed, the plotting of
Satan has always been weak. 77 Have yousg not seen
those who were told, “Restrain your hands and
establish the prayer and bring a the purifying
charityb”? But when combat was prescribed for
them, a group of them feared mankind as only
Allah ought to be feared, or even more. And they
said, “Our Lord, why did You prescribe combat for
us? If only You would delay it for us for a short
while.” Saysg, “The enjoyment of the Earlier (Life) is
little, while the Hereafter is better for whoever is
mindful (of God), and youc will not be dealt with
unjustly by as much as the thread upon a datestone.” 78 Wherever you pl may be, death will
overtake you, even if you were in lofty towers. And
if any good befalls them, they say, “This is from
Allah.” But when any evil befalls them, they say,
“This is from you.” Saysg, “All is from Allah.” So
what is wrong with these people, that they hardly
comprehend any discourse? 79 Whatever good has
befallen yousg is from Allah, and whatever evil has
befallen you is from your own (inner) self. And We
sent you to mankind as a messenger, and sufficient
is Allah as a Witness. 80 Whoever obeys the
Messenger has surely obeyed Allah, but whoever
turns away—then We have not sent you to be a
constant preserver over them. 81 And they say “(We
pledge) obedience,” but when they leave your
presence, a faction
of them conspired something
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
b
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qc
Ibn Kathir, Hamza, Al Kesa’i, Abu Jaʻfar, Khalaf and Rouh read it as: “. . . and they will not be dealt with unjustly . . .”
d
Literally ‘plan by night’.
a
59
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h h h û h m h ğ h
h hh û hh h i ğ
h ğ Sĵ
űû Źj žû ŰŠ ūŠɰh ŰŎh Kû = ĵųh ȯ ȠŠ źh Ļ ŴŲh bh ðĬ‹
Ś= ʼnŪȯ ^źŎŋɉ‹
l
q
h i ihh
h ʼnŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų AbLi ŋh hķ AJh ıhŦ xĹŠh ĵŚh `ź
h žğ Ȩh ]j
ĺ
ɉźŪɆb ͑ ĵŞžjŧńh
j
ğ hû h û iûk x h m h
h
û h iğ h i ih
i ļi Ȳ
Ž Ĭ‹b ð ^źŪȩ djȑ‹ Ǟ
Ȯ űŹŶjŲ ĹŧjɋĵŚ
ð`źļi j žk hȼiŽ ĵŲh Ķ
hh h ğ h h û ğ h h h û i û h û û h h
e h ğ
Š ȡb jôĬ‹ ȇ ȤźĻb űŹŶȭ Pŋj ŠįŦ
͒ Ɔžj ȡb jĬĭjķ Ǐ
h h ûh h h h û iû h iğ h h h h hh
ğ ûh
û
jĬ‹ Ǟ
ô ;ŋŪů‹ `bŋķʼnļȬ ƆŦ=
j Ȯ ʼnj ŶjŠ ŴjŲ `ǽ źɉb `A
h
l
h
m
h
û
i
q j ĿŬh ĵŧq Š ʄh j ļҋ
jŷžjȯ Abʼni Łh źh ɉ
Ŵjh Ųk ŋx Ɋû = űû Ÿ;h ĵŁh AJ˯ ͓ ˊǞ
h
i Jh h= [źû Ƣ‹
h û bh= ŴŲû hƁ‹û
i ŋɉ‹
ğ Ǔh ? iabIĠ Kh źû h ɉbh Ājŷķ l AźŠA
Ģ ^ź
Ǔ˯
Ŏ
j
j
j
ðj
j j
hûh h û i û ih i h û h h ğ i h h h û i û û h û li
ƅźɉb ñűŹŶjŲ ÿŷŵźśjĸ˪ļŏȹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŷųj Űšů űŹŶjŲ ŋj ɊƁ‹ Ƞj b=
ğ
ğ
ğ h
i ûh h ğ i û h
h û Kh bh űû Ȳ
ƅj? Ŵh Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ űi ļi šû ĸh ȩ˔ ÿŷi ļi Ƨ
žŰŠ jĬ‹ ŮŘŦ
ğ
q h
h
iğ h i
ğ
h h ûh
h Ǎ Ůû j ļŠʂh hŦ ͔ Ɔžj
Űũ
ȼ
Ŏ
j
ôūŏŧȫ ƅj? ťŰȲĻ ƅ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j
ûh h ğ i h h i ğ
ğ
û
h ŶŲj İû ųi ɉ‹ Pj ŋk ńh bh
h ȑ‹ Mįķ ťȲŽ `= Ĭ‹ ƿh Šh ðǻj
ŴŽj
j
q h Ġ h hh qûh Ġ h h iğ h l i h h
ûşŧh Œû h ȹ ŴŲğ ͕ Ɔžj
ŭŶĻ ʼnő=b ĵŎįķ ʼnő= Ĭ‹b Abô ŋŧȱ
q h Šh h û h û h h h h û k x
e h h
h ğ i q
Ĺšʁő şŧŒȹ ŴŲb ðĵŹŶjŲ Ķžŕj ŵ ÿȔi ŴȲhŽ ĹŶh ŏh ńh Ĺšh Šʁő
ğ i
k i Šh h i ğ h h h h û k x û
q
û h ȁ
Ĭ‹ `Ȣb ñĵŹŶjŲ ŮŧjŬ ÿȔi ŴȲhŽ ĹĴh j kɀŎh
p;ƾ
j ȇ
h m
h l h h ğ h i ki h
q Ġ
bû = ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų Ŵh ŏh ńû įjķ AźžĠ Ņ
Ŧ Ĺp žŅ
j ļjķ űļɀjžń AJ˯ ͖ ĵļžŪj Ų
k i Šh h h h h ğ ğ m h Ġ i
h mh iğ
e jŏńh ;g ƾ
û h ȁ
ŷh Š ɧj? ƅ Ĭ‹
͗ ĵĸɀ
`ǽ Ĭ‹ `j? ñ ĵŸbIK
j ȇ
i ğh h û hh h i ğ
h Ɇû Kh ƅh jĹųh Šɱh jŪûů‹ _j źû hŽ ǓŠ h ? űû Ȳ
ŶšųłȎ ôźŸ ƅj?
Ŵû Ųh bh ˍjŷžjȯ Ķ
j
i h
q
ğ
i h hh
h ŪŧŠɰh ųi û ɉ‹ Ǎ űû Ȳ
ǻ
ů ĵųȯø ͘ ĵĿŽjʼnńh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų \ʼnh Ŕû =
jj
j
l h h h i ih lm i h h h i h h ûh iğ h ûhh
Ŵû Ųh Abʼni Źû ȩ `= `bʼnɆ
ŋj ĻɁ Aźô ĸŏŬ ĵųjķ űŹŏŬK= Ĭ‹b ǻ
j ȽĴj Ŧ
q h ih h h h h iğ
l Ġh
û i hh iğ ğ h h
AbIb ͙ ƆžjȼŎ ÿȔ ʼnƏ
j ŴŰŦ Ĭ‹ Ůjj ŰŘŽ ŴŲb ðĬ‹ Ůŗ=
l i ğh h h qmh h h i i h h l i h h h h h i i û h ûh
AbŊň
j ļȩ ƆŦ ð ;AźŎ `źŵźŭļȯ Abŋŧȱ ĵųŬ `bŋŧȲĻ źɉ
lûğhh h ğ
l i hi ğ h hmh ûh û iû
h
Š ń ;ĵȎj b= űŹŶjŲ
AźůźĻ `jıŦ jôĬ‹ Ůž
j ĵŹȬ Ʋ
j j ȼŎ Ǎj AbŋŁ
l i ğh hh û i iĠ h h i ûh û i iiû h û i i i h
űû Źi Ŷjû Ų AbŊň
j ļȩ ƅb ðűŸźųȩʼnŁb Ľžń űŸźŰļȰ‹b űŸbŊňŦ
h h h i
i
e ŕj hŵ ƅh bh ĵkȎq j bh
h ȑ‹ğ ƅğ ? ͚ AǞ
űû ȲŶh ûɀhķ ˢźû ũ ǓŠ j ? `źŰŕj hŽ ŴŽj
j
contrary to what you say, yet Allah records what
they conspire. So disregard them and place your
trust in Allah, for sufficient is Allah as a Trustee. 82
Do they not ponder the Recitala? For had it been
from any other than Allah, they would have found
in it much discrepancy. 83 And when a matter of
security or fear comes to them, they publicize it.
But had they referred it to the Messenger and to
those in command among them, those who can
draw conclusions from it would have learned it.
And were it not for Allah’s blessing and mercy upon
youpl, youb would have followed Satan, except for a
few. 84 So combatsg in the way of Allah; you are not
responsible except for yourself. And urge the
believers. Hopefully Allah will restrain the force of
those who have denied, and Allah is of more intense
force and more tormenting. 85 Whoever intercedes
for a good cause shall have a portion of it, and
whoever intercedes for an evil cause shall have a
share of it. And Allah has always been a Sustainer
for everything. 86 And if youpl are greeted with a
greeting, then respond with a better one or (at least)
return it. Indeed, Allah has always been a Reckoner
of everything. 87 Allah—there is no god except He.
He will surely gather you pl to the Day of
Resurrection about which there is no doubt. And
who is truer in discourse than Allah? 88 So what is
the matter with you, that you are divided into two
groups regarding the hypocrites, when Allah
Himself has caused them to regress on account of
what they have earned? Do you want to guide those
whom Allah has misguided? For whomever Allah
misguides, yousg will never find for him any wayc.
They would love to see youpl deny just as they
89
themselves have denied, so that you would become
equal. So take no allies from them until they
emigrate in the way of Allah. But if they turn away,
then seize them and kill them wherever you may
find them, and do not take from among them any
ally or supporter. 90 Except those who are related to
a people between youpl and whom is a pledge, or
those who come to you with their hearts constrained
from combating you or combating their own people.
And had Allahwilled, He would have given them
authority over you and they would surely have
a
b
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
God misguides kinds of people like the treacherous, the evildoers, the oppressors, etc.
60
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h ii i i û
i im h ûh f h k ihûhh
h j ńh űû ȡb
;ĵŁ b= ŨŠɯžjŲ űŹŶɀɅb
`= űû ŸKb
ʼnŔ DDz
ğ h i ğ h m h ûh h û i h û h l i Šhi ûh û i i Šhi
űû Źi śh Űŏh ɉ Ĭ‹
;ĵő źɉb űô ŹɊźũ AźŰjļʂŽ b= űȡźŰjļʂŽ
lû h ûhh û i i Šhi û h h û i i hh û
h i i hhh i h h
AźŪůɁb űȡźŰjļʂŽ űŰŦ űȡźɉǡȭ‹ `j j ıŦ űô û ȡźŰļh ŠʂŰŦ űû Ȳžû ŰŠ
q
h h i h iğ h h h h h h h ğ i i ûh
͛ ƆžjȼŎh űû Źj žû ŰŠ űû Ȳů Ĭ‹
ŮšŁ ĵųȯ űŰŏɉ‹ űȲȎj?
û
û
h
l
i
h
h i i h h h h i h h
űû Źi Ɋh źû ũ AźŶi Ųh įɆh bh űû ȡźŶi Ųh įhŽ `= `bʼnɆ
j ļŎ
jŋŽ ŴɆjŋŇA; `bʼnł
iû i h û h û ğ h h l i û i h û û h l m Ġ i h ğ i
űȡźɉǡ
j šȬ űů `jıŦ ô ĵŹžjȯ AźŏjŬK= jĹŶļŧj ů‹ Ǔj? AbIK ĵŲ ȁ
h l Ġi
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i i i h
i h l iû
űû ŸbŊňŦ űû Źi Ȭjh ʼnûŽɁ Aźm ŧȲɆh bh űh Űŏɉ‹
űi ȲûȎj? Aźm ŪŰɆi bh
i h i
i û h i
i i û
i h û
űû Ȳů ĵŶh Űšh Łh űû ȲjɌʤĢ bl =bh űô û Ÿźųi ļi ŧjŪľ Ľžû ńh űû ŸźŰļi Ȱ‹bh
û h û h û h h
q ĸŲĠ ĵŶq Šɽh ûŰŎi űû Źžû hŰŠh
ĵŶje ŲİɊi Ůļi ŪȬh `= Ŵjg Ųİųji ɉ `ǽ ĵŲh bh ͜ ĵŶɀ
j
j
h
h
h
q
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h
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hĹŶjŲİû ŲĠ Ĺĸh Ȱh Kh ŋɆ
h
e
h
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i ŋŅļȯ ĵnZśŇ ĵŶjŲİɊ ŮļȰ ŴŲbh ô ĵnZśŇ ƅğ j ?
p
p
j
h
h h h l i ğ ğ h h m ğ m û h Ģh f h ğ h Ġ x h h
û
ˉg źũ ŴjŲ `ǽ `jıŦ Aźô ũʼn஠`= ƅj? ĀjŷjŰŸ= Ǔj? ĹųŰŏŲ ĹŽjIb
h i û hh x û i hih û i ğ k i h
h h
û
`ǽ `˯ ˌpĹŶjh ŲİŲĠ pĹĸh ȰKh ŋɆ
ŋj Ņļȯ ŴjŲİɊ źŸb űȲů bʼnŠ
hû h f h ğ h Ġ x h h x h k i h û h h û i h û h û h p
Ģ j ? ĹųŰŏŲ ĹŽjʼnŦ ŨŠɯžjŲ űŹŶɀɅb űȲŶɀķ ˢźũ ŴjŲ
ĀjŷjŰŸ= Ǔ
h i h h û h û ğ h h h û Ġ hhh i ûh h
žŕj Ŧ ʼnƒ
Ŵj Ɇû ŋh Źû ő _ĵ
j űů Ŵųȯ ˌpĹŶjŲİŲ pĹĸȰK ŋɆjŋƕb
q ŭńh ĵųžj
i ğ `h Ȣh bh jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ĺq Ʌh źû hĻ ǻû šh ķĵļh ļh Ųi
e ŰŠh Ĭ‹
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ñ
j j
m
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h Ŧ Aʼnq ųk šh ļh ŲĠ ĵŶjq Ųİû Ɋi Ůû ļi Ūû Ȭh
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h ȯ AȒq j Š ɗh űi Ŷğ Źh Łh ÿia>AŌh ł
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j
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q Şj Š ĵeķAŊŠ ÿȔi ʼnğ Š=bh ÿŷi Ŷh šh hůbh jŷžû hŰŠh Ĭ
iğ ‹
Ģ ͞ ĵųž
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
l i ih hh l iğhhh ğ
h Ǎ űû ļi Ʌû ǰ
h ȑ‹ğ
h h AJh ? l Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
AźɉźŪȩ ƅb AźŶžȼļȯ jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
j
j
j j
h h h h i h û h q û i h û h h Šh ğ i i û h Ģ h û h û h
PŋŠ `źŤļȼĻ ĵŶjŲİɊ ĺŏɉ űʄŏɉ‹ űȲȎj? ǐůɁ Ŵųj ɉ
h
h h ğ h h ûĠ
i Ŭi ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh x CǞ
hû
ŴjŲk űļŶ
ô h j ĿŬ űji ŵĵŤŲ jĬ‹ ʼnŶjšŦ ĵžh ȫȐ‹ j CźŠ žh ơ‹
h i h
h h hğ ğ lm iğhhh û i ûh h iğ ğ h h iûh
`j? Aźô Ŷžȼļȯ űȲžŰŠ Ĭ‹ Ŵųȯ ŮĸȰ
`źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh j ķ `ǽ Ĭ‹
il i û h h û i û h h i h û
ğ
q ĸŇh
Ƞj b= ǞȮ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ŴjŲ `bʼnšj Šʂů‹ djźļh ŏû h ȹ ƅ ͟ ˊǞ
j
h
h
û
i
h i Šh i h h ğ
ğ
h
űô û Źj jŏŧŵ=bh űû Źj j ɉŠʆh Ųû įjķ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj `bʼnŹj ɲųɉ‹b jKǴɉ‹
hh û i hh û h ûh h
h ųi û ɉ‹ Ĭ‹
i ğ Ůh Řğ hŦ
h ʼnšj Šʂh ûů‹ ȇ
űŹj jŏŧŵ=b űŹj j ɉŠʆŲįjķ ŴŽjʼnŹj Šɲ
ŴŽj
combated you. So if they withdraw from youpl and
combat not against you and offer you peace, then
Allah has opened no way for you against them. 91
Youpl will find others who want to be secure from
you and secure from their own people—whenever
they are turned back to temptation, they are made
to regress in it. So if they do not withdraw from you
and offer you peace and restrain their hands, then
seize them and kill them wherever you find them.
And those ones—We have given you, regarding
them, an evident authorization. 92 But never should
a believer kill another believer, unless accidentally.
Yet anyone who accidentally kills a believer, then
the (atonement is the) emancipation of a believing slavea
and a compensation submitted to his family, unless
they donateb (it). But if he was from a people who
are an enemy to youpl, yet he is a believer, then the
emancipation of a believing slave. And if he was
from a people between you and whom there is a
pledge, then a compensation submitted to his family
and the emancipation of a believing slave. And (for)
anyone who lacks the means—then the fasting of
two consecutive months as a repentance to Allah.
And Allah has always been All-Knowing, AllWise. 93 But whoever kills a believer intentionally—
then his repayment is Hell, abiding therein, and
upon him is Allah’s wrath and He has cursed him
and has prepared for him a great punishment. 94 O
you who have attained faith, when you travel (to
strive) in the way of Allah, then you shall investigatec.
And do not say to anyone who offers youd peacee,
“You are not a believerf,” aspiring for the goods of
the Earlier Life, for with Allah is a multitude of
gainsg. You yourselves were like this before, then
Allah bestowed favor upon you, so ascertain (the
truth). Indeed, Allah has always been All-Aware of
what you do. 95 Those of the believers who, though
noth disabled, stay behind, are not equal to those
who strive in the way of Allah with their wealths
Literally ‘a neck’.
Unless they waive it as charity.
Qc
Hamza, Al Kesa’i
and Khalaf read it as: “. . . then you shall ascertain (the truth).”
d
This means greeting with the salutation of peace by saying: ‘Peace be upon you.’
Qe
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer, Hamza, Abu Jaʻfar and Khalaf read it as: “And do not say to anyone who offers to surrender to you,
“You are not . . .”
Qf
Ibn Wardan read it as: “You are not granted security . . .”
g
The same word, maghanem, is used for ‘spoils of war’.
Qh
All except for Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, ʻAsem, Hamza and Yaʻqub read it as: “Those of the believers—except for the
disabled—who stay behind are . . .”
a
b
61
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
kq i h q h h h
h ųi û ɉ‹ Ĭ‹
h ŏû ơ‹
i ğ Ůh Řğ hŦbh ƴ
i ğ ‹ ʼnh Šh bh ȥ
h ʼnŹŠɲ
iû Ĭ
Š
b ô ĹŁKI
ŴŽj
ˏ
j
h
hû hh
q û
h hh
û h
q h
Cŋh jŧŤŲh bh ŷi Ŷjû Ųk ĺ
p Š ɕKI ͠ ĵųžŞj Š Aŋe Ł= ŴŽjʼnjšŠʂů‹ ȇ
ğ h h ğ ğ
h û Kh bh
q ŧi Ȯh Ĭ
i ğ ‹ `h Ȣh bh ô Ĺq Ƨ
e ńKğ ˊKź
űi Źi Š ƋŦźh Ļ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `j? ͡ ĵųžj
i l i h i i h l i h û i h
h Ģh hû
m j ɉĵŝh Ĺi ŭjɌˁ
ųɉ‹
ĵŶğ Ŭ Aźɉĵũ ðűû ļŶ
Ŭ űžjȯ Aźɉĵũ űŹj jŏŧŵ= ǖj
hû
q h Šh ğ i h û i h ûhh lmi h
h h û h û i
ĹšjŎɩ jĬ‹ P˱= ŴȲĻ űɉɁ Aźɉĵũ P˱
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ǻjŧšŘļŏɊ
û h m h h i ğ h h û iŠ hû h h Ģh l ih h l i h i h
e ŕj Ɋh D
AǞ
;ĵŎb ðűŶŹŁ űŹƊbįŲ ūjɌʤbįŦ ô ĵŹžjȯ AbŋŁ
j ĵŹļȯ
h hû û m k
h k Ŵjh Ų ǻ
h ŧšh Řû ļh ŏû ųi û ɉ‹ ƅğ ? ͢
ƅ `j Š ɵůjźɉ‹bh ;j ĵŏh j ȿů‹bh ^ĵ
j
j
j Łŋɉ‹
j
i
q h h ihûh hh qh
h i h ûh
h Ģhl h
ūjɌʤbįŦ ͣ ƆžjȼŎ `bʼnļŹȬ ƅb ĹŰžjń `źšžśj ļŏȹ
q ŧi Ȯh Aźĝ ŧi ȭh Ĭ‹
i ğ `h Ȣh bh űû Źi Ŷû ȭh źh ŧi šû Ȭh `h= Ĭ‹
i ğ ƿh Šh
ͤ ˊKź
ô
hû
h
h ğ
h
h
û ĵŹh Ȭi ŴŲh bø
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ʼnû ƒ
ĵųq ţŠɷh Ųi P˱
j
j jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj ŋŁ
ğ h
û iûh hh qh h h q h
ûh
hi
jĬ‹ Ǔj? Aŋe Ł
j ĵŹɊ Ājŷjļɀķ Ŵü Ųj Fŋƞ ŴŲb ô ĹšŎb ˊǞjĿŬ
ğ hh
û h h û h h i û i û û i i j Ŏi Kh bh
ñjĬ‹ ȇ ÿiaŋi Ł= şh Ȱbh ʼnŪȯ Dźû ųh ɉ‹ ŷȡjKʼnŽ űğ Ȫ ĀjȔź
hû
h
q ńKğ ˊKź
q ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
i ğ `h Ȣh bh
h h AJ˯
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû ļi Ʌû ǰ
P˱
ͥ ĵųžj
û Šh ğ h l i i ûh h f h i û i ûh h h ûhh
`j? j CźŰŕɉ‹ ŴjŲ AbDzŪȩ `= GĵŶŁ űȲžŰŠ ōɀŰŦ
l i h h Šh û ğ lm i h h h ğ i i h ûh h û i û
Aźŵǽ ŴɆŋj ŧj ʃů‹ `j? Abô ŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ űȲŶjļŧȬ `= űļŧjŇ
h h û hhh û
h
i h
q ĸŲĠ ˊbkq ʼni Šh űû Ȳ
h Ŭi AJ˯
ů
űi Źi ɉ ĺ
ųȰįŦ űŹj žjȯ ĺŶ
ͦ ĵŶɀ
j
û
h
h h û l i i û h h ğ ûk x h m h ihûh h h ğ
ðűû Źi ļŅj ŰŎ= Abm ŊŇįhȎbh ūšŲ űŹi ŶjŲ ĹŧjɋĵŚ űû ŪļŰŦ CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
û û
l i i ûh l h
h h
fh m
i m
Ĺŧj ɋĵŚh D
j įhȋbh űû ȲjɋAKh bh ŴjŲ Aźŵźŭžh ŰŦ Abʼni łŎh AJjıŦ
l Ġ ûh l Ġ
h Š h û i
i û l i i û û h
űû ŸKh Ŋjń AbŊŇįhȎbh ūšh Ųh AźŰŕh ži ŰŦ AźŰŕh iŽ űû ɉ c
ŋŇ=
h
ğ
l
h
i
hh
h h iûh
h ȑ‹ Iğ bh ñűû Źi ļh Ņjh ŰŎû =bh
Ŵû ȭ `źŰŧŤȩ źû ɉ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
qh ğ i h h h i h i h ûh i h ûh
qh
ô CʼnjńŠɩh ĹŰžû Ų űȲžû ŰŠ `źŰžųj žh ȯ űû ȲjļšjļŲ=bh űû ȲjļŅj ŰŎ=
h
qh i
h h
i hh h hi hh
ŶŁ ƅb
bû = ŋg śh Ųğ ŴjŲk cJ= űû Ȳjķ `ǽ `j? űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Gĵ
h
h
l
l
i
û
h
i
ğ
h h
i
i
i Ŭi
Ģ ŋû Ųğ űļŶ
`j? ñűû ȡKh Ŋjń AbŊŇbh ðűû Ȳļh Ņjh ŰŎû = Aźm ši ŘĻ `= ǂ
h û ğ h h hğ
h h ğ iiû h h h h
q ŹɊĠ ĵķAq Ŋh Šh ŴɆ
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
Űj ɉ ʼnŠ= Ĭ‹
űļžŘũ AJjıŦ ͧ ĵŶž
j
j
and their livesa. Allah has favored those who strive
with their wealths and their lives above those who
stay behind with a degree (of rank). But Allah has
promised goodness to both. Yet Allah has favored
those who strive over those who stay behind with a
great reward: 96 (high) degrees (of rank) from Him, and
forgiveness and mercy, for Allah has always been
Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 97 Indeed,
(regarding) those whom the angels took up at death
while they were unjust to themselves, theyb said,
“What was the matter with you?” They said, “We
were deemed weak and oppressed in the land.”
They said, “Was Allah’s earth not vast enough for
you to emigrate therein?” So those—their shelter is
Hell, and what an evil destiny! 98 Except for those
deemed weak and oppressed among men and
women and children who cannot devise any plan
and are not guided to any way, 99 for those—
hopefully Allah will pardon them, for Allah has
always been Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving. 100 Thus
anyone who emigrates in the way of Allah will find
on earth many places of refuge and abundance. And
anyone who sets out from his house, emigrating to
Allah and His Messenger, and is then overtaken by
death, then his reward is incumbent on Allah. And
Allah has always been Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing
of mercy. 101 And when youpl travel in the land, you
commit no sin by shortening the prayers if you fear
that the deniers may harm you; indeed, the deniers
have always been an evident enemy to you. 102 And
when yousg are among them and you call them to
prayer, let a faction of them stand with you and let
them hold their weapons. Then when they have
done their prostrations, let them be behind youpl and
let another faction that has not prayed yet come
forward and pray with yousg, and let them take their
precautions and their weapons. Those who denied
would love that youpl become oblivious to your
weapons and your belongings so they can assault
you in a single assault. And no sin is committed by
you—if you are hurt by rain or are sick—by putting
down your weapons, but take precautions. Indeed,
Allah has prepared for the deniers a demeaning
punishment. 103 So when youpl have concluded the
prayer, then remember Allah, standing and sitting
and on your sides. Thereafter, when you feel secure,
a
b
Literally ‘selves’.
The angels.
62
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
q i i h qŠh hğ l i i û h
i
Š h h bh AIź
űô û ȲjɅźŶi Łi ȇ
šȰb ĵųɱj ũ Ĭ‹ AbŋŬJĭŦ
h
ğ h h ğ l i hh ûi hûh û
ğ
û hŵǽh hCźŠ Űŕɉ‹
ĺ
`j? ô CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
AźųžjȰįŦ űļȿŵɂųŚ‹
h
û
l
m
h
h
q i
h
h h û iû
ŶŲj İųɉ‹
`j? ˌ_j źû Ūů‹ j;ĵŤjļûķ‹ Ǎj AźŶi Źj Ļ ƅbh ͨ ĵĻźũźû Ųğ ĵĸq ŠɮjŬ ǻj
û
û
û
l
h
h
h
h
ğ h h
h
h
h h
h
h i i h
Ŵjh Ų `źŁi ŋû Ļbh ð`źųi ɉɂĻ ĵųh Ŭ `źųi ɉɂhŽ űû Źi ȫjıŦ `źųi ɉɂĻ AźŵźȲĻ
mhûh h mğ
h i ûh h h ğ
i ğ `h Ȣh bh ñ`ź
e ŭńh ĵųžj
e ŰŠh Ĭ‹
ŁŋŽ ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹
ĵȍŌŵ= ĵȫj? ͩ ĵųžj
h
û
m
h
h ûh
i û h kh
h û Ȩh űh Ȳ
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ ū
j ğȍ‹ ǻ
ūŠƊKh = ĵųh j ķ Mĵ
Ņ jȋ Ũj ơĭjķ Ķ
Ȏj?
û û h
ğ hğ
h ûk i h hh iğ
h Ŷɋmĵň
q ŕŇh ǻj
ŋj jŧŤļh Ŏ‹
`j? ðĬ‹
b ͪ ĵųž
j
j Űj ů ŴȲĻ ƅb ôĬ‹
h iĻ ƅh bh ͫ ĵųžj
q ńKğ ˊKź
hğ
q ŧi Ȯh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
h ȑ‹ğ ŴŠh ^jû ʼnŠɲ
ŴŽj
j
i h h i hûh
q Ȫh= ĵeŵAźğ Ňh `h ǽh ŴŲh ĶjĠ Ƙi ƅh Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ
ĵųžj
= `źŵĵļƞ
ô
j
h
h iû
h iû
i ğ
j ğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų `źŧňļh ŏû h ȹ ͬ
źh Ÿbh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų `źŧňļh ŏû h ȹ ƅbh Mĵ
h ikhi û û i h h
i ğ `h Ȣh bh ^źû Ūh ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų ǂ
Š h ŋû hŽ ƅh ĵŲh `ź
ĵųh j ķ Ĭ‹
ļjžȼŽ Jj? űŹšŲ
ˏj
h
h
û
m
h ihûh
h
iĢh ûi Ģh
e Ƥi `ź
ŰųšȬ
űļŵįʧ ͭ ĵśžj
Ǎj űû Źi Ŷû ȭ űû iȋʼnh Š ɕh j;ƅİʧ
h
û
i
h hğ
h iŽ Ŵųh ȯh ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
Ġ j CźŠ žh ơ‹
hû
^jʼnŠɲ
ŴŲğ _= jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ űû Źi Ŷû ȭ Ĭ‹
q h û ûh h i i h
ûűj ŰŞû Ȭh bû h= A;e źm Ŏi Ůû ųh šû Ȭh ŴŲh bh ͮ Ɔžj
ȡb űŹj žŰŠ `źȲŽ
h
h
q ńKğ ˊKź
h ğ ʼnj ƒ Ĭ‹
h ğ ŋŧj Ťû ļh ŏû h ȹ űğ Ȫi ÿŷi ŏh ŧû ȫh
q ŧi Ȯ Ĭ‹
ŴŲh bh ͯ ĵųžj
j
j
h
h
h
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h
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i ğ `Ȣbh Ājŷ jŏŧȫ ȇ
Š ÿŷi ĸi jŏȲhŽ ĵųh ȫğ j ıhŦ ĵųq ûľj? Ķ
Ĭ‹
Ž
ô
h
i û
e
h û û h hh
q ŭńh ĵųžj
e ŰŠh
_j ŋû hŽ űğ Ȫ ĵųq ľj? bû = ĹnZh mžśj Ň Ķ
jŏȲŽ ŴŲb Ͱ ĵųžj
i û h h h
q ĸŲĠ ĵųq ûľ˯ ĵŶq Šɮh Źû Ȩi Ůh ųh ļh ń‹
û ʼnŪh ȯh ĵnZq mɆŋhķ Ājŷķ
ŮŘŦ ƅźû ɉbh ͱ ĵŶɀ
j
j
j
j
h
h ûh h ğ
h û Kh bh ū
h ŰĠ ŘiŽ `= űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk xĹŧh ɋmĵŚğ ĺųğ Źh h ɉ ÿŷi ļi Ƨ
hĵŲbh ]ź
žŰŠ jĬ‹
j
j
h
h
ğ
h
m
h Ġ i
h h Ġ i h hh û i h i
i ğ ‹ ^Ōŵ
h =bh ˏ p;ƾ
û h ŴjŲ ū
Ĭ
ŵbǴŽ ĵŲb ðűŹŏŧŵ= ƅj? `źŰŘ
j Ž
hi û h i h û h h h h ğ h h h h û û h h h û h û h h
űô Űšȩ ŴȲĻ űɉ ĵŲ ūųŰŠb Ĺųŭj ơ‹b ĶŠɮjŭů‹ ūžŰŠ
ğ
h
h ûh h ğ i û h h hh
q Şj Šh ū
h û Ňh ƅø
Ǟ
Ŀ
Ŭ
Ǎ
Ǟ
Ͳ
ĵ
žŰŠ jĬ‹ ŮŘŦ `Ȣb
ųž
j
j
p
h
h
hŠ û û h
h
û h û
h h
h û h ğ û i ûğ k
˞ʄŔj? b= [b
g ŋi šŲ b= Ĺg ũʼnŕjķ ŋh Ɋ= ŴŲ ƅj? űŹŠƊźh Ƒ ŴjŲ
ğ
h h mh û h h ûh û
h
ğ hûh
jĬ‹ Dĵ
j ŗŋû Ɋ ;h ĵŤjļķ‹ ūj ɉŠə ŮšŧȬh ŴŲbh Mĵ
ˏ j ȍ‹ ǻȨ
h h
AJjıŦ
hh
ȇ
establish the prayer. Indeed, the prayer has been
prescribed upon believers at specific times. 104 And
do not waver pl in the pursuit of the peoplea; if you
suffer pain, they suffer pain as you suffer pain, but
you expect from Allah what they do not expect.
And Allah has always been All-Knowing, AllWise. 105 Indeed, We have sent down to yousg the
Scripture with the truth, to judge between mankind
in accordance with what Allah has shown you. And
do not be an advocate for the treacherous. 106 And
ask sg Allah for forgiveness; indeed, Allah has
always been Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 107
And dosg not argue on behalf of those who betray
themselves. Indeed, Allah does not love whoever
has been consistently treacherous, sinful. 108 They
seek to hide from mankind, but they do not seek to
hide from Allahb, and He is with them when they
conspirec, (using) what He does not accept of speech.
And Allah has always been All-Encompassing of
what they do. 109 There youpl are, having argued on
their behalf in the Earlier Life, but who will argue
with Allah on their behalf on the Day of
Resurrection? Or who will be their trustee? 110 Yet
whoever commits evil or does injustice to himself
then asks Allah for forgiveness will find Allah OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 111 And whoever
earns a sin—he only earns it to his own detriment,
for Allah has always been All-Knowing, All-Wise.
And whoever earns an offense or a sin then
112
blames it on an innocent person, then he has surely
burdened himself with perjury and evident sin. 113
And were it not for Allah’s grace towards yousg, and
His mercy, a faction of them would have sought to
lead you astray. But they lead no one astray except
themselves, and they cannot harm you in any way.
And Allah has sent down to you the Scripture and
wisdom, and has taught you what you did not know.
And Allah’s grace towards you has always been
great. 114 There is no good in much of their private
conversations, except for one who commands to
(even a single) donation or to what is fair or to
reconciliation between people. And whoever does
that, seeking Allah’s pleasure, then Wed will bringe
But whoever opposes the
him a great reward.
115
The enemy.
They feel ashamed so they seek to hide their sins from people, but they do not feel ashamed in front of Allah.
c
Literally ‘plan by night’.
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Qe
Abu ʻAmr, Hamza and Khalaf read it as: “. . . then He will bring him . . .” (In this case there is no grammatical shift.)
a
b
63
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h ğ
h
q Şj Šh Aŋe Łû h= jŷžjȩİû iŵ [h źû ŏh hŦ
Ŵü Ųj ^źŎi ŋɉ‹
Ũjj ũĵŒiȹ ŴŲh bh ͳ ĵųž
k i h û iû
h ğ hȼhĻ ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh
h Ǟ
h û Ȯh şû ĸȽğ Ɇh bh c
Š ʼnh Źi û ɉ‹ Ȕi h ǻ
ĀjȔj źh ŵ ǻj
ŶŲj İųɉ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
j
j
j
h hğ ğ
i ğ h
û hm h h hğh h
e ŕj Ɋh D
`j? ʹ AǞ
;ĵŎb ðűŶŹŁ ĀjŷjŰŕû ŵbh ȠŠ źh Ļ ĵŲh
ƅ Ĭ‹
h
m h
û
h h h i
h û i ȹ `= ŋi jŧŤû Ȭh
ŴŲh bh ô ;i ĵŒhȹ Ŵųjh ɉ ūj ɉŠə `bI ĵŲh ŋi jŧŤɆh bh Ājŷjķ ]h Ǭ
h
ğ û ûi
e šhķ Ɔü h Š ʄh ŗh Ůğ ŗh ʼnû Ūh ȯh jĬĭ
ŴjŲ `źŠi ʼnû hŽ `j? ͵ Aʼnž
j
j ķ ]Ǭ
j ȹ
ğ
ğ
ğ
m
h
h
q h
q
i
ŷi Ŷh šh ů Ͷ AʼnɆŋj Ųğ ĵŶq Šɽh žû ő ƅj? `źŠi ʼnû hŽ `˯ ĵĿŠɓj? ƅj? mĀjŷjŵbI
q û q h h h û ğ h ğ h h h h h òi ğ
ͷ ĵŗbŋi ŧŲğ ĵĸž
ŕj ŵ ]jIĵĸjŠ ŴjŲ `ŊjƛƁ ^ĵũb Ĭ‹
hh
ğ i h û iğhk hi hh û iğğ i hh
h h
i
`AJA;h Ŵğ Ȳjļk hȼži ŰŦ űû Źi ȫŋh Ɋ˗
b űŹŶɀj ŶŲƁb űŹŶŰŗ
j Ɓb
ğ h û h ğ ik h ih h û i ğ h i h Šh ûh û
ğ
h
Ŋj ň
j ļȬh ŴŲbh jôĬ‹ ŨŰŇ `Ǟ
j ŤžŰŦ űŹȫŋɊ˗b űj ɿŵƁ‹
ğ
i k q h h hû ğ
q ĸŲĠ ĵŵAq Ǫ
h û Ňi Ǫ
h j Ňh ʼnû Ūh ȯh jĬ‹
`b
͸ ĵŶɀ
j I ŴjŲ ĵkȎj b ŴŠɽžŒɉ‹
j
ğ i i i h hh û khih û i i h
e ŋi ţi ƅğ ? Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
͹ AKb
űŸʼnjšŽ ĵŲb ðűŹj žj ŶųɆb űŸʼnjšŽ
j
h i h h h i ğ h h û iŠ hû h h Ģh l i
q Ƥh ĵŹh Ŷû ȭh `b
ʼnƒ
ͺ ĵŕžj
j ƅb űŶŹŁ űŹƊbįŲ ūjɌʤb=
i
ğh û i ûi h
h ğ l i h l ih
h ȑ‹ğ bh
ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
p ŠɰŁ űŹŰjŇʼnŶŎ ĺ
kq h ğ h û h q h h m h h Š h i Š h û h û h û h
ûh
ô ĵŪń jĬ‹ ʼnŠb ðˑʼnķɁ ĵŹžjȯ ŴŽjȒj ɗ ŋʇŵƁ‹ ĵŹjļƕ ŴjŲ djŋƏ
q
mhh û i k hh h ûğ
i h
ğ
ƅb űȲjžjȫĵŲįjķ ōɀů ͻ ƆžjȰ jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų \ʼnh Ŕû = Ŵû Ųh bh
h hh
h h hh
h ûƒi ˊ;q źm Ŏi Ůû ųh šû Ȭh ŴŲh ĶŠɮjh ŭûů‹ ŮŸû = ƭĵ
k
ÿȔi ʼnû ƒ
Āj
ŷ
ķ
Ō
ƅ
b
ˍj
j
j
j j j Ų=
û
ğ
i
q ŕj hŵ ƅh bh ĵkȎq j bh jĬ‹
Ŵjh Ų Ůųh šû Ȭh ŴŲh bh ͼ ˊǞ
`b
j I ŴjŲ
û
h h ih
i Šh i ûh h h
h ğ
ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ Ŵjx ŲİɊi źh Ÿbh Ƴŵ
= b= ŋg ŬJ ŴjŲ ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹
h
h i h û i h h h ğ hû h i i û h
q jŪhŵ `ź
ųŰŞȬ ƅb ĹŶƠ‹ `źŰŇʼnŽ
ĵŶŽjq I Ŵi ŏh ńû = Ŵû Ųh bh ͽ ˊǞ
ğ
ûi hih ğ ih û h hh ûh û ğ k
x Ƥ
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? Ĺh ŰjɊ şh ĸh ȩ‹ğ bh Ŵjŏ
űžj
źŸb jĬj ÿŷŹŁb űŰŎ= ŴųjɊ
j
q
ğ
h h Šh û i ğ h h ğ h q h
Ǎj ĵŲh jĬj bh ; Ɔžj ŰŇ űžj
Ÿɷķj? Ĭ‹ Ŋƛ‹b ñĵŧžj Ŷń
hû
h
q Ġ û h ki
ğ h h
h
h h ğ
i
ĵśžjƤ p;ƾ Ůj Ȳjķ Ĭ‹ `Ȣb P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲbh D
i m k
û iğ
h h û
i
ĵŲh bh Ŵğ Źj žjȯ űû ȲžjļŧȬi Ĭ‹
Ůj ũ ˌ;j ĵŏh j ȿů‹ Ǎj ūŵźļi ŧļh ŏû h ȹbh Ϳ
h ğ m k
h
h û
û i û h h Š h ļû Ȭi
ƅ Ʋj Š ɧ‹ j;ĵŏh j ȿů‹ ǖh ŠɮhŽ Ǎj Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ Ǎj űȲžŰŠ ǔ
Messenger after guidance has become evident to
him and follows other than the way of the believers,
We will turn him towards what he has turned to and
roast him in Hell—and what an evil destiny! 116
Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating (any
partners) with Him, yet He forgives anything less
than that for whomever He wills. And whoever
associates (others) with Allah, then he has surely
strayed into extreme misguidance. 117 They call
upon, instead of Him, only females. (In fact) they call
upon nothing but a defiant Satan— 118 Allah has
cursed him. And he said, “I will most surely take
to myself a due share of Your servants.” 119 “And I
will most surely lead them astray and fill them with
fancies, and I will most surely command them so
they will most surely slit the ears of cattle, and most
surely I will command them so they will most
surely alter the creation of Allah.” Thus, whoever
takes Satan for a guardian apart from Allah has
truly lost an evident loss. 120 He promises them and
fills them with fancies, but Satan promises them
nothing but a deception. 121 Those—their shelter is
Hell, and they find no escape from it. 122 But those
who have attained faith and have done righteous
deeds—We will enter them into Gardens beneath
which rivers flow, abiding therein forever; the
promise of Allaha is true, and whose word is more
truthful than Allah? 123 It is not according to your
fancies, nor to the fancies of the People of the
Scripture. Whoever does evil will be repaid for it
and will not find for himself apart from Allah any
ally or supporter. 124 But whoever does of righteous
deeds, whether male or female, and is a believer—
thoseb will enterc the Garden (of Paradise) and will not
be dealt with unjustly by as much as the dint on a
date-stone. 125 And who could be better in religion
than one who submitted his countenance to Allah,
while excelling in doing good, and followed the
creed of Abraham who turned away from all that is
false. For Allah took Abraham for a close friend.
And to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens
126
and whatever is in the earth, and Allah has always
been All-Encompassing of everything. 127 They ask
you for a ruling about women. Say, “Allah gives you
a ruling about them, and (so does) what is read to you
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qc
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Shuʻba, Abu Jaʻfar and Rouh read it as: “. . . those will be entered into the Garden . . .”
a
b
64
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
i i h h h i h ûh h ğ ih h i h ğ i h i ûi
Ŵğ ŸźŅj
ŭŶĻ `= `źĸȮŋĻb ŴŹɉ ĶjļŬ ĵŲ ŴŹȫźĻİĻ
û
û l i ih hh h û û h h h û h û iû h
Š h Šɮh žh Űj ɉ AźɊź
ˏ j ŏû jŪůĭjķ ǖ
ř
Ūȩ `=b `j Š ɵůjźɉ‹ ŴjŲ ǻjŧšŘļŏųɉ‹b
h h hğ ğ h û h û l ih ûh hh
q h
`˯
j ΀ ĵųžj ŰŠ Ājŷjķ `ǽ Ĭ‹ `jıŦ Ǟ
p Ň ŴjŲ AźŰšŧȩ h ĵŲb
h
h
i
q hû û e i h ûh ü û h h f hû
h Ŷh Łi ƆhŦ ĵŗA
Gĵ
ŋŠj? b= ALźŒȸ ĵŹj ŰšȨ ŴŲj ĺŦĵŇ C=ŋɊ‹
û
Ġ bh ĵŅq ûŰŔi ĵųh Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ĵŅjh Űŕû iŽ `h= m ĵųh Źžû hŰŠh
xñ Ǟû Ňh Ńi Űŕɉ‹
ô
j
h
û
i
l
l
h
Ġ
ğ
i
û i=bh
h ğ `ıŦ AźŪi ļğ ȩh bh AźŶi jŏûƕ `˯ Ńğ Œɉ‹ ōi ŧŵ
h
Ĭ‹
Ǵ
ń
Ɓ‹
D
j j
ô
j
l i û h h lm i h ûh h h
i
h
h
q ĸŇh `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh ķ `h ǽh
Aźɉjʼnšȩ `= Aźšžśj ļŏȶ Ŵůb ΁ ˊǞ
j
j
h i h h h û hû ği l i h h h û i û h h ûh h j m h k h ûh
ĵŸbKŊļȯ Ůj žųɉ‹ ȁ AźŰžųj Ļ ƆŦ ðűļŔŋń źɉb ;ĵŏjȿů‹ ǻȨ
h ğ `ğ ıhŦ l AźŪi ļğ ȩh bh l AźŅji Űŕû iĻ `˯ ˏjĹŪh Űğ šh ųi û ɉĭŬh
q ŧi Ȯh `h ǽh Ĭ‹
ˊKź
j
kq i i ğ
û h h
h hh
k
h
q ńKğ
h
`Ȣb ĀjôŷjļšŎ ŴjŲ ȃ Ĭ‹ Ŵj ŤȬi ĵũŋğ ŧļh Ȭh `˯ ΂ ĵųžj
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh jĬğ j bh ΃ ĵųžj
q ŭńh ĵšje ŎŠɩh Ĭ‹
iğ
Ǎj ĵŲh bh D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
hû
h
i
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ l AźiĻbi= ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŶh žû Ŕğ bh ʼnû Ūh hůbh P˱
űû Ȳj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ Ķ
ˍ j Ɓ‹
ğ ğ h l iû h
i ğ
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ `h= űû ȱĵ
Ǎj ĵŲh jĬj `jıŦ Abŋi ŧȲĻ `˯ ôĬ‹
Ž˯
j
h
û
h
h
q h
ğ
h
h h ğ
i ğ `h Ȣbh P˱
jĬj bh ΄ AʼnžjƧ ĵžjĝ Ŷţ Ĭ‹
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲbh D
hû
e
ğ Šhhh
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh
jˏ Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲh bh D
ȡb P˱
`j? ΅ Ɔžj ȡbh jĬĭjķ Ǐ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
ûh i
û hh
h
hŠ h i ğ h h h h h
û
i û
ȇ Ĭ‹ `Ȣb ôŴɆŋj Ň˲ D
j įɆbh Mĵğȍ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ Ɂ űû ȲĸjŸŊiŽ įŒȹ
ğ h h hûĠ h hh i i h h ğ
q ʼnhũ ūjh ɉŠəh
jĬ‹ ʼnŶ
jšŦ ĵžȫȐ‹ BAźľ ʼnɆŋj Ž `ǽ ŴŲ Ά ˊŋŽj
h ųŎh Ĭ‹
Ġ BA
q ŕj hķ ˋüšž
i ğ `h Ȣh bh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹bh ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
i źh hľ
· ˊǞ
j
ˏ
û h ğh l i i l i h h h ğ h Ġh h
ğ m i
Ģ
ŲŠʆũ AźŵźŬ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑø
jĬj ;h Aʼnh Źh ő řj ŏû jŪůĭjķ ǻj
h û h ûh hû h û i
h i
i h Ģhh ûh h
h Ʌŋh ûũƁ‹
Š
ĵžjĝ Ŷţ Ŵû ȲhŽ `j? ôǻ
b
=
ű
Ȳ
ŧŵ
= ȇ źɉb
b
Ŵ
Ž
Ȑ
j
ʆ
ů‹
jŏ
j
j
j
h ûh iğ h q h ûh
l i û h h Ģ h hû l i ğh hh h
Aźô ɉjʼnšȩ `= cźŹɉ‹ AźšjĸȽĻ ƆŦ ðĵųŹj j ķ ȠŠ b= ĬĭŦ ˊǞjŪŦ b=
h i h û h h h h hğ ğ h l i û i ûh lmiûh
qˊǞĸŇh `ź
Űųšȩ ĵųjķ `ǽ Ĭ‹ `jıŦ Aźŗŋj šȩ b= AÿźŰĻ `˯
j
û
ğ l i h lm i h h h ğ h ĠhĢ h
h h
i
h
h
Š
j
Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹b ĀjȔźŎKb jĬĭjķ AźŶjŲA; AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ Έ
hh h m ğ
iûh
h û h
Š h h ^h Ōğ hŵ djȑ‹ğ
j Ŏi Kh ȇ
Ů
ĸ
Ȱ
Ŵj
Ų
^
Ōŵ= djȑ‹ Ķ
ô
j Šɮjŭů‹b ĀjȔź
in the Scripture about orphan womena to whom you
do not bring what is prescribed for them, yet you
wish to marry them, and (about) those deemed weak
and oppressed from among children and that you
should treat orphans justly. And whatever good you
do—indeed, Allah has always been All-Knowing
of it.” 128 And if a woman fears disloyalty or
disregard from her husband, then no sin is
committed by them if they reformb what is between
themselves c , for reconciliation is better. Yet
stinginess has been brought to the (inner) selves. But
if youpl excel in doing good and become mindful (of
God) —indeed, Allah has always been All-Aware of
what you do. 129 Furthermore, youpl will not be able
to be equitable between the womend no matter how
keen you are, so do not be so biased as to leave her
suspended. Rather, if you reform and become
mindful (of God) —indeed, Allah has always been
Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 130 Yet if they
both separate, Allah will enrich each from His vast
meanse, for Allah has always been All-Embracing,
All-Wise. 131 And to Allah belongs whatever is in
the heavens and whatever is in the earth. And very
truly We have admonished those who were brought
the Scripture before you, as well as yourselves, “Be
mindful of Allahf. But if you deny—then to Allah
belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is
in the earth, and Allah has always been SelfSufficient, Praiseworthy.” 132 And to Allah belongs
whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the
earth. And sufficient is Allah as a Trustee. 133 If He
wills, He can do away with you, O mankind, and
bring others. For Allah has always been All-Able
to do that. 134 Whoever wants the recompense of the
Earlier (Life) —with Allah is the recompense of the
Earlier (Life) and the Hereafter. And Allah has
always been All-Hearing, All-Seeing. 135 O you who
have attained faith, always stand for justice, as
witnesses for the sake of Allah, even if against
yourselves or the parents or the close relatives.
Whether a person is rich or poor, Allah is worthier
as a patron of both. So do not follow prejudiceg so
It may also mean women who have orphaned children.
Qb
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . if they reconcile between themselves . . .”
c
Literally, ‘if they reconcile a reconciliation’.
d
Wives.
e
Literally ‘embracement’.
f
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
g
Literally ‘whim’.
a
65
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
û
i
h Ģh h h ğ û i û h h h
_j źû hȎ‹bh ĀjŷjŰŎi Ki bh Ājŷjĸļi ȡbh ĀjŷjļŭjɌˁ
Ųb jĬĭjķ ŋŧȲŽ ŴŲb
ğ
l
h
i
e šhķ Ɔü Š ʄh ŗh Ůğ ŗh ʼnû Ūh ȯh ŋjŇ˖‹
h ȑ‹ `ğ ? Ή Aʼnž
űğ Ȫ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
j
j
j
ğû q û i l i h û ğ i l i h h ğ i l i h h ğ i l i h h
űů ˊŋŧȱ AbIAIL‹ űȪ Abŋŧȱ űȪ AźŶŲA; űȪ Abŋŧȱ
üh h û i h û h h h û i h h û h i ğ
kh
i h
Ǭ
j j ȵ Ί ƆžjȼŎ űŹȬjʼnŹȎj ƅb űŹɉ ŋjŧŤȎj Ĭ‹ Ŵj ȲŽ
h e h h û ih ğ h h
h i ğh h ğ
h û
e
`bŊň
j ļȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ΋ ĵųȎj = ĵķAŊŠ űŹɉ `įjķ ǻjŪjŧŠɰųi ɉ‹
h
h û
h i h h û iû
i h
i
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
h m ĵhȎj bû = ŴɆ
ů‹
űi ŸʼnŶj
Š `źŤļh ûȼhŽɁ ôǻj
ŶŲj İųɉ‹ `b
I
Ŵj
Ų
;
j
j
i h h h h h
q Ʀh jĬğ j hCŌğ šûů‹ `ğ ıhŦ hCŌğ šûů‹
Ǎj űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ^Ōğ ŵ ʼnû ũbh Ό ĵšžj
j
j
j
h
ih ûh ûi h h h û i ğ
h û
h
h û
iû
=ŌŹļŏȹb ĵŹjķ ŋi ŧȲŽ jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔA;h űû ļšųj Ŏh AJj? `= Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹
l i ih ğ h û ih h l i i ûh hh h
h
mĀj aǞû Ȯh ĽŽj
Š ń űŹšŲ AbʼnšŪȩ ƆŦ ĵŹjķ
g ʼnń Ǎj Aźŗźƞ Ʋ
j
û
h û h h Šh i i h hğ ğ û i i û k q û i ğ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹b ǻjŪjŧɰųɉ‹ şjŲĵŁ Ĭ‹ `j? ñűŹŰĿjŲ AJj? űȲŵj?
ŴɆ
j
h i
h h
h
e Ʀh űh Ŷğ Źh Łh Ǎ
h h Ȭh ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ΍ ĵšžj
`ǽ `jıŦ űû Ȳjķ `źŕi Ʌğ Ǜ
j
h
l
h
i
h ğ
h i h
h h
i
i h
`ǽ `˯ űû Ȳšh Ųğ ŴȲŵ űû ɉɁ Aźm ɉĵũ jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ńx ļû ȯ űû Ȳů
hh l i h x
h
h h Šh û
i hh û
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ JjźŅû ļh ŏû ȸ űû ɉɁ Aźm ɉĵũ Ķž
ŕj ŵ ŴɆ
ŋj jŧʃŰj ɉ
û
h
h
i
i û iğ
i ûhûhh
h ŶŲj İû ųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
Ŧ ôǻj
šŶųȫb
_h źû hŽ űû ȲŶh ûɀhķ űi ȲƘ Ĭĭ
e h h û iû hh h Šh û iğ hhûh hh h h û
ƆžjȼŎ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ȇ ŴɆŋj ŧj ʃŰj ɉ Ĭ‹ Ůšƒ Ŵůb ˏjĹųŠɱŪj ů‹
h
i h i hğ h i Š h i h Šh iû ğ
`źŠjʼnɴŽ ǻjŪjŧɰųɉ‹ `j? Ύ
AJ˯ űû Źi ȭjʼnŠɗ źh Ÿbh Ĭ‹
h l i h
h
h i m h i Šh h i l i h Š h ğ
h ğȍ‹ `b
ũ
ƅbh Mĵ
;AŋŽ ǓĵŏŬ AźɊĵũ j CźŰŕɉ‹ Ǔj? Aźm Ɋĵ
q h ğ hğ h i i ûh
hŠ m h h h h û h h h û h Ġ
Ǔj? ƅ ūj ɉŠə ǻȨ ǻjȨŊķŊŲ Ώ Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? Ĭ‹ `bŋŬŊŽ
h h hh iğ
û i h h m h i Ģ h Šh m h h m h i Ģ h
ÿȔi ʼnh Ə
Ŵ
Ű
Ŧ
Ĭ‹
Ůj
Ű
Ř
j
j Ž ŴŲb ˏ ;j ƅİʧ Ǔj? ƅb ;j ƅİʧ
q h
û
l
h
i ğh h l ih h h ğ hĠhĢh
h ŋjŧŠʃ
Ɔž
ů‹
ʑ
Ab
Ŋ
ň
ļ
ȩ
ƅ
Aź
Ŷ
ŲA
;
ŴɆ
ŴŽj
ȑ‹
ĵ
Ź
Ȭ
ɂ
ΐ
j
j ȼŎ
j
h
h
h
h
û
l
i
m
h i i h ûi
ğ
û
i
h û
ŋj ĻɁ ôǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ `b
jĬj AźŰšh Ə `= `bʼnɆ
j I ŴjŲ ;ĵhȎj b=
i ûh h
e ĸŲĠ ĵŶq Šɽh ûŰŎi űû Ȳ
h ŪŧŠɰh ųi û ɉ‹ `ğ ? Α ĵŶɀ
ğ Ǎ ǻ
žŰŠ
j]Kû Ȑ‹
jj
j
j
j
h
l i h h ğ ğ
h
h
h ûhû
h û i h
e
h
ğ
h
AźķĵĻ ŴŽjȑ‹ ƅj? Β AǞŕj ŵ űŹɉ ʼnƏ
j Ŵůb jKĵȍ‹ ŴjŲ Ůj ŧŎƁ‹
h
i
l
h
h
h
ğ
ğ l i h h û h l i h û hh
h
h I Aźŕi ŰŇû =bh jĬĭ
ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ jĬj űû Źi ŶŽj
j ķ Aźųŕļȭ‹b AźŅŰŔ=b
as to do justice. But if you twist (your testimony)a or
disregard (giving it) —then indeed Allah has always
been All-Aware of what you do. 136 O you who have
attained faith, have faith in Allah and His Messenger
and the Scripture which He bestowedb upon His
Messenger from on high and the Scripture He sent
down before. And whoever denies Allah and His
angels and His books and His messengers and the
Last Day, then he has surely strayed into extreme
misguidance. 137 Indeed, those who attained faith
then denied, then attained faith then denied, then
increased in denial—never is Allah to forgive them
nor guide them to a way. 138 Givesg glad tidingsc to
the hypocrites that they will have a painful
punishment— 139 those who take the deniers as
allies apart from the believers. Do they seek might
from them? For indeed, all might belongs to Allah.
For He has surely bestowedd upon youpl from on
140
high, in the Scripture, that when you hear Allah’s
signs being denied or ridiculed, then do not sit with
them until they engage in some other discourse; you
would then be like them. Indeed, Allah will gather
the hypocrites and the deniers in Hell, all together—
those who lie in wait for youpl, so if there is a
141
conquest for you from Allah, they say, “Were we
not with you?” While if the deniers have any
measure (of success), they say, “Did we not have
privilege over you and defend you from the
believers?” Then Allah will judge between you on
the Day of Resurrection. And Allah will never grant
any way for the deniers against the believers. 142
Indeed, the hypocrites try to deceive Allah, while
He deceives them. And when they rise for prayer
they rise lazily, for show in front of mankind. And
they do not remember Allah except a little, 143
wavering in between, neither with these nor with
these. For whomever Allah leads astray—then yousg
will not find any way for him. 144 O you who have
attained faith, do not take the deniers as allies apart
from the believers. Do you want to give Allah
evident proof against you? 145 Indeed, the hypocrites
are in the lowest level of the Fire, and yousg will not
find any supporter for them— 146 except those who
repented and reformed
and held fast to Allah and
dedicated their religion faithfully to Allah, for those
Ibn ʻAmer and Hamza read it as: “But whether you go forward (by testifying) or disregard . . .”
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . and the Scripture which was bestowed upon . . .”
c
This is said in sarcasm.
Qd
All except for ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as: “For it has surely been bestowed upon you . . .”
Qa
Qb
66
PART 5. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
û h
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Ĭ‹
h û û h
q Şj Šh Aŋe Łû h= ǻj
iğ D
ĵųž
j İiŽ [źû Ŏh bh ðǻj ŶŲj İųi ɉ‹ şh Ų
h h i h hh ûiûh h
i h iğ ih ûh ğ
`Ȣbh űô û ļŶ
ŲA;b űȩŋŭő `j? űû ȲjķAŊšh j ķ Ĭ
‹ ŮšŧȬ ĵŲ Γ
û
ğ
q ŰŠh Aŋje Ŭĵőh Ĭ‹
Ġ ķ ŋh Źû Ơ‹
iğ
i ğ ĶjĠ Ƙi ƅø Δ ĵųžj
h Ĭ‹
Ŵjh Ų j;źm ŏɉĭ
j
l iûi
hû
i h ğ
ğ h h
e ųŎh Ĭ‹
e ŰŠh ĵšž
Abʼnĸȩ `j? Ε ĵųžj
j i `Ȣbh űjô h Űŝ ŴŲ ƅj? ^j źû Ūů‹
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ p;źm Ŏi ŴŠh l Aźŧi šû ȩh bû h= iaźŧi ûƛi bû h= AǞ
e û Ňh
kˊźq ŧi ȭh `h ǽh Ĭ
j
h i ih
ğ h iû
h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? Ζ AŋŽj
e ʼnhũ
`bʼnɆ
ŋj Ɇb ĀjŷjŰŎi Ki bh jĬĭjķ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ ŴŽj
j
ûi h i i
ğ hûh l ik hi h
Ŗp šû ĸh j ķ Ŵji Ųİŵ `źɉźŪɆh bh ĀjŷjŰŎi Ki bh jĬ‹ ǻ
Ȩ Aźũŋj ŧȬ `=
h
e
h i ih
iû h
h h hûh l i ğh
ƆžjȼŎh ūj ɉŠə ǻ
Ȩ AbŊň
ŋj Ɇb Ŗp šû ĸh j ķ ŋi ŧȲŵbh
j ļȬ `= `bʼnɆ
h û h û h û h h kq h h i Š h û i i h Ģ h l i
h ŋjŧŠʃ
Űj ɉ ĵŵʼnļȭ=b ô ĵŪń `bŋjŧʃů‹ űŸ ūjɌʤb= Η
ŴɆ
j
l ik hi ûhh
ğ l
h ȑ‹ğ bh Θ ĵŶq žŹɊĠ ĵķAq Ŋh Šh
Aźũŋj ŧȬ űɉb ĀjŷjŰŎi Ki bh jĬĭjķ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
j
ğ h hh û i h i i û ûi h û h h Ģhli û i û k h h h ûh
iĬ‹
`Ȣb űô ŸKźŁ= űŹj žjȩİŽ [źŎ ūjɌʤb= űŹŶjŲ ʼnp ń= ǻȨ
h
h h k h i h Š h û i û h h i nh û h
q ğ q ih
űû Źj žû ŰŠ ^ǣ
j ɮjŭů‹ ŮŸ= ūŰZŏȹ Ι ĵųžjńK ˊKźŧȮ
j ȩ `= Ķ
û h Ģ h i l ih h û h h m h ğ h k qŠh
h Šh
h
h
ūj ɉə ŴjŲ ǚȱ= ƽźɊ AźɉɂŎ ʼnŪȯ ˏ ;j ĵųŏɉ‹ ŴjŲ ĵĸɮjŬ
ğ i i û h h hh qh û h hğ h h lmi h h
ğűȪi űû Źųj ûŰŞi ķ Ĺi Ūh jšŠɻů‹
űŹȩŊŇįŦ CŋŹŁ Ĭ‹ ĵŵjK= AźɉĵŪȯ
ô j
j
ğ
û
h
h
h h
û šûů‹ l AbŊi hƛ‹
i Šɰh žk hȊ‹ űi Źi ȩû ;h m ĵŁh ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ůh ł
ŴŠ ĵŵźû ŧšh ȯ ĺ
j
j
h h
h
q ĸŲĠ ĵŶq Šɽh ûŰŎi ƽź
Š h Ɋi ĵŶh ûɀhĻA;h bh ôūjh ɉŠəh
űi Źi Ȱźû Ŧ ĵŶh šû ȯKh bh Κ ĵŶɀ
j
ûi q
û i ih hû i h û Šh
Ġ
h Ȋ‹
h śů‹
h û l AźiŰŇi I‹
ĵŶh Űũbh Aʼnłğ Ŏi Bĵ
űŹɉ ĵŶŰũb űŹj jŪɯžųj j ķ Kź
q h e h
hû h h
û ğ Ǎ l Abʼni šû ȩh ƅh űû Źi h ɉ
Λ ĵŞžj Űţ ĵŪŠɯžjŲk űŹi Ŷjû Ų ĵŵŊŇ=bh ĺ
j ĸŏɉ‹
j
h
h
ûi
ûh
h h k
ğ
h
űi Źj j Űļû Ȱbh jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ űjŸŋj ŧȡbh űû Źi ŪŠɯžjŲ űŹj Ř
j Ūȫ ĵųh j ĸŦ
h
û Ťh ķ ;h m ĵžh ĸ˩hƁ‹û
űû Źj j ɉźû ũbh Ũp k ńh Ǟ
j
j j
ûi
űjû Ÿŋj ŧȲjɅbh Μ
û h ğ
h
q Şj Šh ĵŶe Šɮh Źû Ȩi űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh ȇ
Š h h űû Źj j ɉźû hũbh
ĵŶh Űļh Ȱ ĵŵj? űû Źj j ɉźû ũbh Ν ĵųž
i h
ğ h
h Š Ńž
h jŏųh û ɉ‹
ĵŲh bh iaźŰļh Ȱ ĵŲh bh jĬ‹ ^źŎi Kh űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵh Ȩ‹û ƿɀj
l ih û h ğ ğ û ih h k i
h
h i ih h
Ǐj ů jŷžjȯ AźŧŰļh ҋ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `˯ űô Źɉ ŷjĸő ŴȲ
ĸŰŔ
j Š ɧbh aź
are with the believers, and Allah will bring the
believers a great reward. 147 What would Allah do
with your pl punishment if you have given thanks
and have attained faith, when Allah has always
been Thankful, All-Knowing? 148 Allah does not
like the public uttering of offensive words unless
someone has been dealt with unjustly, for Allah has
always been All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 149
Whether youpl disclose something good or hide it
or pardon something bad—Allah has always been
Pardoning, All-Able. 150 Indeed, those who deny
Allah and His messengers, and want to make a
distinction between Allah and His messengers, and
say, “We believe in some and deny some,” and want
to take a way in between— 151 it is those who are
truly the deniers, and We have prepared for the
deniers a demeaning punishment. 152 But those who
have attained faith in Allah and His messengers and
have made no distinction between any of them—
those, Hea will bring them their rewards. For Allah
has always been Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of
mercy. 153 The People of the Scripture ask yousg to
bestowb upon them a scripture from heaven. For
truly, they had asked Moses for something even
greater than that, for they said, “Show us Allah
openly.” So the thunderbolt took them on account
of their injustice. Then they took the calf for
worship after the evident proofs had come to them,
yet We pardoned that, and We brought Moses
evident authority. 154 And We raised Mount Tûr
above them in accordance with their pledge, and
We said to them, “Enter the gate prostrating,” and
We said to them, “Do not transgress the Sabbath”,
and We took from them a solid pledge. 155 But for
their violation of their pledge, and their denial of
Allah’s signs, and their unjustified killing of the
prophets, and their saying, “Our hearts are
wrapped”…c Rather, Allah put a seal upon them on
account of their denial, so they do not believe,
except for a few. 156 And on account of their denial
and their saying against Mary a great slander, 157
and their saying, “We have surely killed the
Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the Messenger of
All except for Hafs read it as: “We will bring them . . .”
All except for Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . to send down upon them . . .”
c
This sentence is left open-ended; according to Imam Al-Shawkani and other exegetes its predicate is “We forbade them
good things that used to be lawful for them.” in sign 160.
Qa
Qb
67
PART 6. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
h
ğ h hk ğ û û
k h
i iŰļh Ȱh ĵŲh bh Ŵk Şů‹
aź
Sĵĸjȩ‹ ƅj? ˈg ŰjŠ ŴjŲ Ājŷjķ űŹi ɉ ĵŲh ŷô i Ŷjû Ųk ū
p ő
ôj
h ŪhŽ
q ŭńh AŌɆ
i ğ `h Ȣh bh jŷûȎh ? Ĭ‹
i ğ ŷi šh ȯh Kğ Ůhķ Ξ ˋüŶž
e ŌŠh Ĭ‹
Ο ĵųžj
j
ˏ j
j
h
ğ
h
û
h h
ğ h Ųİû iȎ ƅ? ĶŠɮjh ŭů‹ ŮŸû = Ŵjû Ųk `˯
_h źû Ɇh bh ĀjðŷjĻźû Ɋh Ůĸû Ȱ Ājŷjķ Ǻj
j j
j
ğ
û
q h û ûh h i i h h Šh û
hŴŽjȑ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ˈŰŞi ĸhŦ Π Aʼnž
Źj ő űŹj žŰŠ `źȲŽ jĹųɱjŪů‹
p j
i
ğ
h
h
i h
û Űjń= ĺŠɭh žk Śh űû Źžû hŰŠh ĵŶh Ųû ŋğ ńh l AbIĵ
ŴŠ űjû Ÿʼnj k ŕh j Ʌbh űû Źi ɉ ĺ
Ÿ
g j
j
h
l
l
h
h
i
h
ğ
h
q
k i û h
ŷi Ŷû ȭ AźŹi ȫ ʼnû ũbh AźŠ Ʌh ŋɉ‹
j űjŸŊj Ň=b Ρ ˊǞjĿŬ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ
h h ûh û û hh
h û h û h û hh
h ûůĭķ Mĵ
ğ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
Š
Š ʆŲ= űŹj j Űȱ=b
j
Űj
ɉ
ĵ
ŵ
ʼn
ļ
ȭ
=
b
Ů
ś
ɭ
ȍ‹
ŴɆ
^
ˏj j j
j
h h h
û û
ğ
h i ğ
û
űû Źi Ŷjû Ų űj Űjšů‹ Ǎj `źňjŎŠɷů‹
Ŵj Ȳ
j Š ɧ ΢ ĵųq Ȏj = ĵeķAŊŠ űû Źi ŶjŲ
h i m h h h ûh h i m h h i ûi h i û iû h
h ûh
ūj
Ű
ĸ
Ȱ
Ŵj
Ų
^
Ōŵ
ô
j = ĵŲb ūȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵųjķ `źŶjŲİŽ `źŶjŲİųɉ‹b
û
û
h
û
ğ
h h ğ h i û iû h hŠh ğ h
`źĻİųɉ‹b ô CźŰŕɉ‹ ǻųj žjŪųi ɉ‹bh
jĬĭjķ `źŶji Ųİųi ɉ‹bh CźŠ ŬŌɉ‹
mğ
h Ģhli
e Şj Šh Aŋe Łû h= űû Źžjȩİû Ŷi Ŏh ū
ûhû h
ĵȫj?ø Σ ĵųž
j Ɍʤb= ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źȎ‹b
j
h m h h h mhû h ûh
i h m
ûȎj? ĵŶžńb=
p ŵ ǓŠ j ? ĵŶh žû ńh bû = ĵųh Ŭ ū
Āj ôaʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ŵāh Zj žk j ȼğȍ‹bh Gź
h mhû h ûhh
h
h Ŏ˯
û
û
h Ūi šû Ɇh bh Ũh Šɳ
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? Ǔ
ŮžjšŠʅh Ŏ˯
Bź
űžj
j Ģ j ? ĵŶžńb=b
hû h
h iŠh h hi i h h Ġhh Š h h
û
h
hŴŠʅh žû hŰŎi bh `b
j ĸŎƁ‹b
ŋɪb ōȸźɆb BźŽɁb ƿɀjŠb Qĵ
ô
q
h
h
h
h i h hûh h h
h h
q Ʌi Lh Iÿ
bAI ĵŶɀĻA;b
ūžû ŰŠ űû Źi Šɰh ŕû ŕh ũ ʼnû ũ ƆŎi Ki bh Τ ˊKź
h ûh h û i û i ûh û ğ q i i h iûh
i ğ ‹ űh ğȣh bh ū
Š h Ɋi Ĭ
ƽź
ô žŰŠ űŹŕŕŪȫ űů ƆŎKb ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ
ğ h
h i
û h
i h h j k hȼŲĠ Ɔq Ŏi KĠ Υ ĵųžj
q ŰȲ
Ļ
`źȲhŽ Ɔh jȏ ŴɆ
j
jKjŊŶŲb ŴɆǬ
h
h
ğ
i ğ `h Ȣh bh ŮŎi ŋɉ‹
e ŌŠh Ĭ‹
Ġ ʼnh šû Ȩh ˫łğ ńi jĬ‹
j ŶŰjğ ɉ
ȇ Mĵ
AŌɆ
ˏj
j
h h h h ûh hh h m h i h ûh iğ
ğ
q ŭńh
ÿȔi Ōŵ
= ðūȎj? ^Ōŵ= ĵųjķ ʼnŹŒȹ Ĭ‹ Ŵj Ȳ
j Š ɧ Φ ĵųžj
û
ğ
ğ Š h h h h i h ûh i h Ģh hû h
e Źőh jĬĭ
`j? Χ Aʼnž
ô ʼnŹŒȹ ĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹b Ājðŷųj Űjšjķ
j ķ Ǐȡb `b
j
üh h h l Ġ h h ğ
h h ğ
h ŴŠh l AbʼnĠ Ŕh bh l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
ƆŠʄŗ AźŰŗ ʼnû ũ jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
ŴŽjȑ‹
j
j
ğ
l
l
h
h
ğ
i h û
e h
i ğ ŴȲ
i hh i hh
h
Ĭ‹
j Ž űɉ AźųŰŝb Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? Ψ Aʼnžjšķ
e h û i h ûh hh û ih h û h
h ŋŚh ƅğ ? Ω ĵŪɆ
űh Ŷğ Źh Łh ŨɆ
j
j
jŋŚ űŹȬjʼnŹȎj ƅb űŹɉ ŋjŧŤȎj
h
h
h
h
ğ
h h h h q h mh h Šh
q h ȹ jĬ‹
Ģ Ϊ ˊǞjŏ
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ȇ ūj ɉŠə `Ȣbh ôˑʼnhķɁ ĵŹžj
ȯ ŴŽjȒj ɗ
Allah”… a In fact, they did not kill him, nor did they
crucify him, but it appeared to them as if they had.
And indeed, those who differed over him are in
doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it—just
following assumptions. And certainly, they did not
kill him. 158 Rather, Allah raised him up to Himself,
for Allah has always been Almighty, All-Wise. 159
Surely, there is none from the People of the
Scripture but will believe in himb before his death,
and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness
against them. 160 So on account of the injustice on
the part of the ones who have Judaized We forbade
them good things that used to be lawful for them,
and on account of barring a lot from the way of
Allah, 161 and their taking of usury—though they
were forbidden it—and their devouring of people’s
wealths illicitly. And We have prepared for the
deniers among them a painful punishment. 162 But
those of them who are firmly rooted in knowledge,
and the believers, believe in what was sent down to
yousg and in what was sent down before you. And
those who establish the prayers, and those who
bringc the purifying charityd, and the believers in
Allah and the Last Day—those, Wee will bring
them a great reward. 163 Indeed, We have revealed
to you as We revealed to Noah and the prophets
after him. And We revealed to Abraham and
Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Grandsonsf
and Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and
Solomon, and We brought David a Book. 164 And
messengers (the stories of) whom We have already
narrated to yousg and messengers (the stories of) whom
We have not narrated to you. And Allah spoke to
Moses with (direct) speech. 165 Messengers—bearing
glad tidings and forewarning, that mankind may
have no excuse before Allah after the (coming of the)
messengers, for Allah has always been Almighty,
All-Wise. 166 But Allah bears witness to what He
sent down to you; He sent it down with His
knowledge, and the angels bear witness, though
Allah suffices as a witness. 167 Surely those who
have denied and barred from the way of Allah have
left open-ended; according to Imam Al-Shawkani and other exegetes its predicate is “We forbade them
This sentence is
good things that used to be lawful for them.” in sign 160.
b
Jesus.
c
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
d
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qe
Hamza and Khalaf read it as: “He will bring them a great reward.”
f
The different prophets of the Israelites.
a
68
PART 6. WOMEN
Surah 4- An-Nisâ’
l i hh û i kğ
i i ğ i i hm h ûh i ğ
h û ķ ^ź
AźŶjŲĵnZŦ űȲjɅK ŴjŲ Ũj k ơĭ
j Ŏŋɉ‹ űȱ;ĵŁ ʼnũ Mĵȍ‹
û h
i ğ qû h
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh jĬğ j `ğ ıhŦ l Abŋi ŧi Ȳ
ûȲ
D
Ļ
`˯
ű
ů ˊǞŇ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ô
j
j
hû
h h û hûh h
h
q ŭńh ĵųžj
i ğ `h Ȣbh P˱
e ŰŠh Ĭ‹
Ģ Ϋ ĵųžj
ƅĶ
ˏ j Ɓ‹bh
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ
l iûh
ğ hû ğ ğ h h l i i h h h û i
ĵųh ȫj? ô Ũğ ơ‹
ƅj? jĬ‹ ȇ AźɉźŪȩ ƅb űȲj ŶŽjI Ǎj AźŰŤȩ
h
ğ i ih hhûh i û h
i jŏųh û ɉ‹
ŠǓh j ? m ĵŹh Š ƋŪh ûůɁ ÿm ŷi ļi ųjh ȣh bh jĬ‹
^źŎK űɆŋɊ ŴȨ‹ ƿɀjŠ Ńž
h
fhhh l i ih h
ğ l
x ih hhûh
ô ĹĿŠʄľ AźɉźŪȩ ƅbh ĀjðŷjŰŎi Ki bh jĬĭjķ AźŶji ŲĵnZh Ŧ ðŷi Ŷjû Ųk Gb
K b űɆ ŋ Ɋ
h m i h h û i x h x h iğ h ğ û i ğ qû h l i h
`= ÿŷŶŠɳĸŎ ðʼnjńŠɩ ŷŠɧj? Ĭ‹ ĵųȫj? űô Ȳů ˊǞŇ AźŹļŵ‹
hû
h
h i h
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh ÿȔi ğ ò Ȑ
x h bh ÿȔi h `ź
Š h ȡbh P˱
jˍ Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲh bh D
ȲŽ
Ǐ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
h
q h ğ
q h h i
i jŏųh û ɉ‹ ťjh ŭŶhȽŏû h ȹ Ŵůğ ά Ɔžj
ȡb jĬĭjķ
Aʼnĸû ȭ `źȲhŽ `= Ńž
h
û
û
i h Ģh h
û h
h
h
h
ğk
ųɉ‹ ƅbh jĬj
Ŵû ȭ ťjŭŶȽŏû h ȹ ŴŲh bh `ź
ô Ʌi ŋğ Ūųi ɉ‹ ĹŭjɌˁ
hh
û h ûhh
h h
û žh ŏh hŦ ǚ
q Ʀh jŷûȎh ? űû Ÿi Ǭ
û ŭ
i i Ņ
ĵŲğ įŦ έ ĵšžj
j
j ļŏȹb ĀjŷjĻIĵĸjŠ
ih i i û khih
h ğ l i h l ih
h ȑ‹ğ
űû ŸKź
Ł= űŹj žj Ŧźžȯ ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
l ih û h û h l i h h û h ğ ğhh
û h
i i hh
AbǚŭļŎ‹b AźŧŭŶȽŎ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŲ=b ĀjðŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲk űŸʼnɆ
Ōj Ɇb
h
h
h
k
h
h
q ğ
i k i h i
h q e h û ii hih
ĵkȎj bh jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ űŹɉ `bʼnƒ
j ƅb ĵųȎj = ĵķAŊŠ űŹȨjŊšžȯ
h i ğ h ĠhĢh
h
i m
q ŕj hŵ ƅh bh
ȍ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ ή ˊǞ
ŴjŲk Ŵx Šɪŋû iķ űȱ;h ĵŁh ʼnû ũ Mĵ
l ih h h ğ ğhh
i ûh mhûh hh û i k ğ
q ĸŲĠ ˊKź
q iŵ űû Ȳ
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŲįŦ ί ĵŶɀ
Ȏj? ĵȍŌŵ=b űȲjɅK
j
û h ğ
û h
h û Kh Ǎ űû Źi iŰjŇʼnû ži ŏh hŦ Ājŷķ l Aźųi ŕh ļh ȭ‹
b jĬĭjķ
Ůp ŘŦbh ŷi Ŷjû Ųk pĹƧ
j
j
h
h h iûh ûh
û
q jŪļh ŏû ŲĠ ĵŚq Š ɷh Ŕ
i ğ Ůiũ ū
Ĭ‹
ŵźļŧļŏȹ ΰ ĵųž
j jŷûȎj? űû Źj ŽjʼnŹɆh bh
j
h xh h ih h ûh h h h lf i û
h h h û
û
i
b ÿȔ ōɀů ūŰŸ A>ŋɊ‹ `j j ? ˏjĹۊʄŭů‹ Ǎj űû ȲžjļŧȬi
ÿm Ȕi bh Ȑ
ğ i
ğ
hh x û i
m i
i
h
i
ĵŹh ɉ ŴȲhŽ űû ů `j? ĵŹh Ȫŋj hŽ źh Ÿbh ô]h ŋh Ļ ĵŲh ťŕjû ŵ ĵŹh ŰŦ ĺ
Ň=
lmi h
h
i
h Ġ h i h ûhhû hh h h xhh
h
Aźŵǽ `˯ ô]h ŋh Ļ ĵųjğ Ɋ `ĵ
j ĿŰȌ‹ ĵųŹŰŦ ǻ
j ļȿľ‹ ĵļȫǽ `jıŦ ô Ȑb
i
û
h
h
ğ h qm h h q h k qh û
i k hȼiŽ ǻû žh ȾŵƁ‹ Ŝj k ńh Ůi Ŀjû Ų ŋŬȓj
iğ ǻ
Ĭ‹
ŰŦ ;ĵŏj ȸb ƅĵŁjK CźŇj?
j ˍj
j
h
k
h û
i i ğ h lñ Ġ h h û i h
i
ü
α űžj ŰŠ ;g ƾ Ůj Ȳjķ Ĭ‹b AźŰŘ
j Ļ `= űȲů
truly strayed into extreme misguidance. 168 Surely
those who have denied and have done injustice—
indeed, Allah is not to forgive them, nor is He to
guide them to any road 169 except the road to Hell,
abiding therein forever. And that has always been
easy for Allah. 170 O mankind, the Messenger has
truly come to you with the truth from your Lord, so
believe—that is better for you. But if you deny, then
to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and the
earth, for Allah has always been All-Knowing, AllWise. 171 O People of the Scripture, do not exaggerate
in your religion, and do not say about Allah except
the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, is indeed
nothing but Allah’s Messenger and His Word that He
cast to Mary, and a Spirit from Him. So believe in
Allah and His messengers, and do not say, “Three.”
Refrain—(that is) better for you. Indeed, Allah is only
one God; Highly Exalted is He—that He should have
a son! To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and
whatever is in the earth. And Allah suffices as a
Trustee. 172 Never shall the Messiah disdain to be a
servant of Allah, nor shall the angels who are brought
near. And whoever disdains His worship and acts
arrogantly—He will herd them to Himself, all
together. 173 But as for those who have attained faith
and have done righteous deeds, He will render them
their rewards in full and increase His grace for them.
But as for those who were disdainful and acted
arrogantly, He will punish them with a painful
punishment, and they will find for themselves, apart
from Allah, neither ally nor supporter. 174 O mankind,
a proof has come to you from your Lord, and Wea
have sent down to you an evident light. 175 So as for
those who have attained faith in Allah and have held
fast to Him, He will enter them into mercy from
Him, and grace, and will guide them to Himself on
a straight path. 176 They ask yousg for a ruling. Say,
“Allah gives you a ruling concerning the person who
has non-lineal heirs.” If a man dies and leaves no
children and he has a sister, then for her is one-half
of what he has left. And he inherits from her if she
has no children. But if they are two (sisters), then for
them are two-thirds of what he has left. Yet if the
siblings are men and women, then for the male is the
share of two females.” Allah makes things evident
for you, lest youpl go astray. For Allah is All-Knowing
of everything.
a
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
69
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h h ih i
CKźŎ ˾
j CʼnjZijĵųɉA
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
5. The Table Spread
In the name of Allah,
i h h i h û ğ i i i û l i ûh lm i h h h ğ h ĠhĢ h
ĹųžŹj ķ űȲů ĺŰjń= ˏ jIźŪšůĭjķ AźŦb= AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
i û h h Šh û i h ğ Šh û h û
ğ ǔjk Ƥi Ǟ
i h=bh ʼnj žû ŕɉ‹
h û Ȯh űû Ȳ
űû ļŵ
žŰŠ ǔļȬ ĵŲ ƅj? űj ɿŵƁ‹
j
h l ih h h ğ hĠh h
i ûh hğ ğ fi i
i ŋiŽ ĵŲh űi Ȳ
Ģ ̂ ʼnɆ
ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
Ƙ Ĭ‹ `j? ñ _ŋń
j
h h h û h û h h h h hû h û ğ
hh ğ h h h l Ġ i
Ģ ő AźŰjƕ
ƅb dʼnŹɉ‹ ƅb _Aŋơ‹ ŋŹŒɉ‹ ƅb jĬ‹ ŋjɌʼ
q û h h i
h hû
h ŋh ơ‹
h Ųk m A;h mƅh bh ʼnh Ɍˁ
h žû hȊ‹û ǻj
hû ĺ
ŴjŲk ƆŘŦ `źŤļh ûȼhŽ _A
j Ģ Ūů‹
q û
ûh h l i û h û iûh h h
i
Ŧ űļŰŰń AJ˯ ô ĵŵŠʆh ŗjKbh űû Źj j Ʌk Kğ
űû ȲŶğ Ųh jŋƒ ƅbh Abô Iĵśh Ŕĭ
l i h û h h h hû
i Ġ h h ûh i hh h
û ųh û ɉ‹ ŴŠh űû ȡb
Abò ʼnļšȩ `= _Aj ŋơ‹ ʼnj ł
ŏ
ʼnŔ `= ˉg źũ `ĵnZŶő
j
j
û û hh l ih hh hh Š h ûğ h k û hh l ih hhh
űj ľƃ‹
j ȇ Aźŵbĵšȩ ƅb ðcźŪȋ‹b ǚ
j j ů‹ ȇ Aźŵbĵšȩb
û Ųh ŋk ńi ̃ BĵŪh šûů‹ ʼnŽj
i ʼnőh Ĭ‹
hğ l iğ h h û iû h
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
ĺ
j ð AźŪȩ‹b `ˏ j Š ɩʼnšů‹b
j j
j
û i ûh h i ğ h i h û h û i i û h h
ğ ûh ğ i mhh
jĬ‹ Ǟ
j Ťj ů ŮjŸ= ĵŲb ŋɆ
j Ƣ‹ űơb _Ȑ‹b Ĺļžųɉ‹ űȲžŰŠ
j ǣj
m hh i h ğ h ihkhhiû h ih iû hû h i h h ûiû h
ĵŲb ĹŅžśj ȍ‹b ĹŽjIǛųɉ‹b CJźũźųɉ‹b ĹŪj ŶňŶųɉ‹b Ājŷjķ
h
hh h i hh û iûğ h h ğ i i ğ h h h
i ȍ‹
Ġ ȇ
ŃjķJ ĵŲb űļžŬJ ĵŲ ƅj? şĸŏɉ‹ Ůȱ=
`=bh Ķ
ŕ
j
ğ
i Šh Šh û h û l i û h û h
h ȑ‹ ōh ɌhŽ _h źû hȎ‹û Ũf ŏjû Ŧ űû Ȳj
ŴŽj
ůə űˏ j ɧLƁĭjķ Aźų jŏŪļŏȶ
ñ
j
h
û
l hh
hh i
h û
i h û
_h źû hȎ‹ `ˏ j źû ŒŇ‹bh űû Ÿźû Œƛ ƆŦ űû Ȳj ŶŽjI ŴjŲ Abŋi ŧȱ
i h h i û h ûhh û i h
i h i ûh û h
Ʋj ųh šjû ŵ űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ĺ
ųųȩɁb űȲŶŽjI űû Ȳů ĺ
Űųȱ=
û
h
h
ûh
û
i i h i j Kh bh
Ĺg ŕh ųh ƥ Ǎj ŋğ śi ŗ‹ Ŵj ųh ȯ ô ĵŶŽjq I űh Š ʄŎû ƃ‹
j űȲů ĺžŗ
h h i
h hi hû h
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ ˈûľƃjk ťj ŵĵł
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ
ūŵźŰnZh ŏû h ȹ ̄ űžj
j p j p ļŲ ǞȮ
ğh
i h ğ i ûi û ih ğ i mh h
ğ űi Ȳ
i Šɭh žk śů‹
Ŵjh Ųk űļi ųû ŰŠ ĵŲh bh ĺ
ů Ůjń= Ůũ ðűŹɉ Ůjń= AJĵŲ
j
l iih iğ i i hğ h ğ ğ ih ikhi h kh i
hû
AźȀŦ ðĬ‹ űȲųŰŠ ĵųjɊ ŴŹȫźųj Űšȩ ǻjĸjȀŲ Gj jKAźh Ơ‹
l iğ h ûh h ğ h û l i i û h û i ûh h h û h ûh m ğ
AźŪȩ‹b ˌjŷžŰŠ jĬ‹ űŎ‹ AbŋŬJ‹b űȲžŰŠ ŴȲŏɊ= ĵųjɊ
û
i h ğ i
h û i h Ĭ‹
hğ
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
űi Ȳů Ůjń= _h źû hȎ‹ ̅ Bĵ
j ô
j ŏj ơ‹ şɆǦ
j
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
O you who have attained faith, fulfil your
contracts. Livestock animals have been made
lawful to you except whatever is recited to you,
provided that you do not make game-hunting lawful
while you are consecrating yourselves to
pilgrimage. Indeed, Allah decrees whatever He
wants. 2 O you who have attained faith, do not
violate Allah’s rites, nor the inviolable month, nor
the offerings, nor the garlanded, nor those heading
for the Inviolable House seeking grace and good
pleasure from their Lord. And when you have left
the pilgrim sanctity, then hunt. And let not the
hatred a of any people incite you to transgress
because they barred b you from the Inviolable
Mosque. And cooperate with one another in
showing virtue and mindfulness (of God), and do not
cooperate with one another in sin and hostility. And
be mindful of Allah; indeed, Allah is stern in
retribution. 3 Prohibited for youpl are carrion and
blood and the f lesh of swine, and what was
dedicated to other than Allah, and the strangled and
the beaten (to death) and the toppled (to death) and the
gored (to death) and the (partly) eaten by a wild
animal—except what you (are able to) slaughter (before
its death) —and what was sacrificed on altars, and that
you determine shares through divination. All that
is grave disobedience. Today, those who have
denied have despaired of your religion, so do not
fear them but fear Me. Today I have perfected your
religion for you and have completed My blessings
upon you, and I have approved Islam as a religion
for you. But whoever is compelled by starvation,
with no intent to sin, then indeed, Allah is
Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 4 They ask yousg
what is made lawful for them. Say, “All good things
have been made lawful for youpl, and such hunting
creatures as you teach, training them as hounds.”
You train them according to what Allah has taught
you, so eat from what they have caught for you and
pronounce Allah’s name over it, and be mindful of
Allah; indeed, Allah is Swift in reckoning. 5 Today
1
Qa
Qb
Ibn ʻAmer, Shuʻba and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “And let not any hating people incite . . .”
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . to transgress if they bar you from the Inviolable Mosque.”
70
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
i ğ xk
i šh Śh bh ĺ
h ğ
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ l AźiĻbi= ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ _ĵ
űû Ȳů Ůjń Ķ
ð i Šɭjžk śů‹
i i h hh
h û û
û ųi û ɉ‹bh űû Źi ğ ɉ Ůjx k ń űû Ȳ
i Šɰh ŕh Ņ
ĺ
ŲĵšŚb
j ŠɰjŲİųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĺ
ð
i
ğ
û
l
mh û i ûh
û ųi û ɉ‹bh
h Šɮjh ŭů‹ AźiĻb= ŴŽj
i Šɰh ŕh Ņ
h ȑ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĺ
AJj? űȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ Ķ
h h
ûi ğ i h i i ğ i i iûh h
h ŶŕƤ
h û Ȯh ǻj
Š h Ųi Ǟ
ƅbh ǻ
Ņ
ŴŸKźŁ= ŴŸźųļɀĻA;
j ŧj ɹ
j
û
hh
û h hh
ğ
h ƃĭķ ŋû ŧi Ȳ
h Ňû h= dj
m Ŋň
ʼn
řh j ĸńh ʼnû Ūȯ Ŵj Š ʅŽ
Ž ŴŲb ˍ`A
j ļŲi
j j
p
h h
ğ
h û h h
h ȑ‹
h Ǫj Šɴ
h Ÿi bh ÿŷi iŰųh ȭh
Ģ ̆ ŴɆ
j
ŴŽ
ů‹
Ŵj
Ų
C
ŋj
Ň
˖‹
Ǎ
ź
j ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
j
j
h
i h l
i h i i l i û h j Šh ğ
ûűȲ
ŸźŁb AźŰ jŏţĭŦ CźŰŕɉ‹ Ǔj? űû ļi ųû Ȱ AJj? Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h
û h û i h ûhh
l i h û h
i h i ûhh û i
ûűȲ
h
h
i
i
ŰŁK=b űȲjŎb;ŋjķ AźŅŏɊ‹b Ũjj ŦAŋųɉ‹ Ǔj? űȲŽjʼnŽɁb
h û h
h
i Ŭi `˯ l Abô ŋi Źğ Śĭ
i Ŭi `˯ ǻû ĸh šû ŭ
ğ hŦ ĵĸq Ŷi Łi űû ļŶ
Ģ ŋû Ųğ űļŶ
ǂ
ů‹ Ǔj?
ˏj
h
h
h
û
h
m
m
h Šh h û h
h
x
i
űi ļi ŏû ųh Š ɧ bû = řj j ɋĵŤů‹ Ŵjh Ųk űȲŶjŲk ʼnńh = ;h ĵŁh bû = ŋg ŧŎh ȇ
b=
l i h û h qk h q h l i ğ hh h qm h l i h û h h hm h k
AźŅŏɊĭŦ ĵĸjžŚ Aʼnžšj Ŕ Aźųųžļȯ ;ĵŲ AbʼnƏ
j űŰŦ ;ĵŏjȿů‹
h
h û h iğ i i h iûk i
i
Ůšh ł
Ȏj Ĭ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ž ĵŲ ŷô ŶjŲ űȲŽjʼnûŽɁbh űû ȲjŸźŁi źi j ķ
h
k i hh
h
i ŋiŽ ŴȲ
i j bh űû ȡi ŋh Źk śh iȎj ʼnɆ
űğ j ļȎ
j Š ɧbh Fp ŋh ń Ŵjû Ų űȲžû ŰŠ
j
j
l i û
h
h i ûh i ğ h i h h
Ĺųh šjû ŵ Abŋi ŬJ‹bh ̇ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ů űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ÿŷi ļh ųh šjû ŵ
ğ h h
ûi û
i hh ğ
i hh
űû ļi Űũ Jj? mĀjŷjķ űȲŪȪAbh djȑ‹ ŷi ŪŠɯžjŲbh űû Ȳžû ŰŠ jĬ‹
Ġ DAŊh ķ ü űžj
i ŕɉ‹
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ðĵŶh šû Śh h=bh ĵŶh šû ųj Ŏh
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
i ŰŠh Ĭ‹
Kb
ʼn
j
ô
j
j
j
mh h h i ğ h ğ h l i i l i h h h ğ h Ġ h Ģ h
;AʼnŹő jĬj ǻjŲŠʆũ AźŵźŬ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ ̈
l i û h ğh Ģhh ûh i h h h û i ğ h ûh h h
û
ˌ j ŏû jŪůĭjķ
Aźô ɉjʼnšȩ ƅɁ ȇ ˉg źũ `ĵnZŶő űȲŶŲŋj ƒ ƅb ř
û
h ğ l i ğ h Š źh Ūû ļŰjğ ɉ Bi ŋh ûũh= źh Ÿi l AźiɉjʼnŠ‹
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
i ĸŇh Ĭ‹
ĵųh j ķ ü Ǟ
j ô AźŪȩ‹b ðc
j
h ihûh
h ğ l i h l i h h ȑ‹ğ Ĭ‹
i ğ ʼnh Šh bh ̉ `ź
Űųšȩ
ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
h
ğ
l iğ hh l ihh
x Şj Šh ŋf Łû =bh x Cŋh jŧŤû Ųğ űŹi h ɉ
h ȑ‹bh ̊ űž
AźķŊȡb Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
h h
h Ģh l i m h Šh
h Ŕû h= ū
i Šɳ
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
hû Ķ
Ģ ̋ űž
ŴŽj
j Ņ
j Ơ‹
j Ɍʤb= ĵŶjļɔ˲
h fûh ğ h û û i ûh h ğ h h û l i û l ih
`= _źũ űŸ Jj? űȲžŰŠ jĬ‹ ĺųšj ŵ Abŋi ŬJ‹ AźŶŲA;h
l i ğ h û i h û i h ûh ğ h h û i h ûh û i ûh lm i i ûh
AźŪȩ‹b ðűȲŶŠ űŹȬjʼnŽɁ ťŭŦ űŹȬjʼnŽɁ űȲȎj? AźśŏȼŽ
all good things have been made lawful for youpl and
the food of the People of the Scripture is lawful for
you and your food is lawful for them. And (lawful
are) believing women whose chastity is guarded, and
women from the people who were brought the
Scripture before you whose chastity is guarded—
provided you give them their rewards in wedlock,
not in fornication nor as mistresses. For whoever
denies faith, then surely his work has been nullified,
and in the Hereafter he is one of the losers. 6 O you
who have attained faith, when you rise for prayer,
wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows,
and wipe your heads and a (wash) your feet to the
ankles. But if you are in a state of major impurityb,
then cleanse yourselves. But if you are ill or
traveling or one of you returns from relieving
himself or you have touched women (in intercourse)
and cannot find water, then seek clean soil and wipe
over your faces and hands with it. Allah does not
want to cause you discomfort; rather He wants to
cleanse you and to complete His blessing upon you,
that you may give thanks. 7 And remember Allah’s
blessing upon you pl and His pledge which He
pledged you with, when you said, “We have heard
and obeyed.” And be mindful of Allah; indeed,
Allah is All-Knowing of what lies within the chests.
O you who have attained faith, stand firmly for
8
Allah (as) just witnesses, and let not the hatredc of
any people provoke you to be unjust. Be just—that
is nearer to mindfulness (of God). And be mindful of
Allah; indeed, Allah is All-Aware of all that you do.
Allah has promised those who have attained faith
9
and have done righteous deeds: for them is
forgiveness and a great reward. 10 And those who
have denied and disbelieved in Our signs—those
are the fellows of purgatory. 11 O you who have
attained faith, recall Allah’s blessing upon you
when some people advanced to extend their hands
against you, so He restrained their hands from you.
So be mindful of Allah. And in Allah let the
believers place their trust. 12 And most surely Allah
took the pledge of the Children of Israel, and Wed
delegated from among them twelve leaders. And
indeed with you; if you establish
Allah said, “I am
All except for Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer, Hafs, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . wash your faces and your hands up to the
elbows, and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles.”
b
A state of impurity after sexual discharge, requiring full body wash.
Qc
Ibn ʻAmer, Shuʻba and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and let not any hating people . . .”
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Qa
71
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h i û iû ğhhhûh ğ hh h hğ
i ğ Ŋh Ňh h= ʼnû Ūh hůbø
h ̌ `ź
Ĭ‹
ŶjŲİųɉ‹ Ȥ
j źļžŰŦ jĬ‹ ȇb ôĬ‹
h h q h h h h ûh û i i û hûh h h h Ģh û m h h h
^ĵũbh ðĵĸž
jŪŵ ǬŠ ƴȪ‹ űŹŶjŲ ĵŶĿšɅb ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ķ ŨŠɯžjŲ
h h ğ i iûh h h hŠh ğ i iû hh û h û i h h k iğ
CźŠ ŬŌɉ‹
űļɀĻA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ űļųȰ= ŴjɌů ðűȲšŲ ƭj j ? Ĭ‹
e h hğ i i û hûhh û i i i û ğ h h i i i h h h
ĵŶq ŏh ńh ĵŗŋû ũ Ĭ‹
űļŗŋũ=b űŸźųȩKŌŠb ǔj Ŏŋjķ űļŶŲA;b
h
ğ h û i ğ ûihh û i hk h û i h ğ k h iğ
ĺ
p ŠɰŁ űȲŶŰjŇIƁb űȲj ĻĵnZj žŎ űȲŶŠ `ŋh ŧj ȱƁ
h ûh û
hh
ûh
h h
ûh
i
űû ȲŶjŲ ūj ɉŠə ʼnh šû Ȩh ŋh ŧȱ Ŵųh ȯ ô ŋi Š ʇh ŵƁ‹ ĵŹh j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə
h
ûh
h h
ğ ;h m Aźh Ŏh Ůğ ŗh ʼnû Ūh ȯh
űû Źi ŪŠɯžjŲk űŹj Ř
ȼ
ŏɉ‹
j Ūȫ ĵųh j ĸŦ ̍ Ůž
j
j
h h h û h i k h i ð q h Šh û i h i i h û h h h û i Šğ h h
ŴŠ űj Ȁů‹ `źŦŋj Ƙ Ĺž jŏɥ űŹɅźŰũ ĵŶŰšŁb űŹɰšů
l k i
kq l h
h i h h
ğ
şji Űśğ ȩ ^AŌh Ļ ƅbh Ājôŷjķ Abŋji ŬJ ĵųjğ Ɋk ĵŞńh Aźŏi ȸbh ĀjŷjšŗA
j źh Ų
û h û h û i û h i û h û i û k q h ğ û i û k h m h Šh h
Ń
ô ŧŔ‹b űŹŶȭ ťȭĭŦ ðűŹŶjŲ Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? űŹŶjŲ Ĺp ŶjɋĵŇ ȇ
û ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
h ğ `ğ ?
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵjh Ųbh ̎ ǻ
Ģ ŋh Š ɻh hŵ ĵğŵj? l Aźm i ɉĵhũ ŴŽj
c
j
j
h
l
k
l
q
û
û
h
i
h
h
h
k
h
h
h h
ĵŶh Ɇû ŋh ţįŦ Ājŷjķ Abŋji ŬJ ĵųjğ Ɋk ĵŞńh Aźŏi ȿŦ űû Źi ŪŠɯžjŲ ĵŵŊŇ=
h m h û û h
û
û
h h
űi Źi Ĵi j ĸk ȿiŽ [źû Ŏh bh ˏjĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _j źû hŽ ǓŠ j ? ;h ĵŘŤhȊ‹bh CbAh ʼnh šh ů‹ űi Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ
h Šh û h û h Ģ h
h ih û h l i h h iğ
i m
űû ȱ;h ĵŁh ʼnû ũ Ķ
j ɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ ̏ `źšŶ஠Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹
h û h h iûi û i i ğ k q h û i h ikhi hi i h
Ķ
j Š ɮjŭů‹ ŴŲj `źŧƛ űļŶŬ ĵųjɊ ˊǞjĿŬ űȲů ǻj ȼŽ ĵȍźŎK
h h l iûhh
ğ h k i hm h ûh
x Šɮjh ȡbh xKźiŵ jĬ‹
Ķ
ŴjŲ űȱ;ĵŁ ʼnũ ˏ Ǟ
p j ĿŬ ŴŠ AźŧšɆb
h ğ hi i ih h û hhğ h iğ
x ĸŲĠ
űj Š ʄŏɉ‹
ŮĸŎ ÿŷŵŠʆŗjK şĸȩ‹ Ŵj Ų Ĭ‹ jŷjķ djʼnŹû Ȭh ̐ ǻ
j
hŠ û û h h
h
i
û
û
Ġ
h
k
i
Ǔj? űŹj ŽjʼnŹɆb ĀjŷjŵJjıjȨ jKźĠȍ‹ Ǔj? ĺ
j Š ʅŰŞů‹ Ŵjh Ų űŹi Łŋj ňɆi bh
i hğ ğ lmi h h ğ h h h û hğ
h û Ġ h
`j? Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŋŧȱ ʼnŪů ̑ ˈž
źh Ÿ Ĭ‹
j
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
h
h ûi
h ğ
h û
i
i jŏųh û ɉ‹
IAKh = `j? ĵnZe žû ő jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų ūj Űųû Ȭh Ŵųh ȯ Ůũ űô h Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵi Ȩ‹û Ńž
hû
i
h jŏųh û ɉ‹ ūjh ŰŹû Ȭi `h=
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ŴŲh bh ÿŷi Ųğ =bh űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵh Ȩ‹û Ńž
P˱
hû
iûh
i ûi ğ h q h
h h ğ ū
j Ɓ‹bh D
ĵŲh Ũi Űƞ ô ĵųh Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ĵŲh bh P˱
ŰɊ jĬj b ñĵšžjƦ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
h
û
h
k
h
i
h iğ h im hh
h
i
x ʼnhũ p;ƾ
û ȁ ȇ
IźŹi hȎ‹ ĺ
j ůĵũbh ̒ ŋŽj
j Š Ĭ‹b ô ;ĵŒȹ
i ik h i h h ûi ii Ģ ğ hh ğ li Ģ hûh i ûh Š hŠ h ğ h
űȲķjŊšȬ űj ŰŦ Ůũ ÿô aİʪjń=b jĬ‹ AİʭķɁ ŴƗ cŋɻȍ‹b
the prayer and bringa the purifying charityb and
believe in My messengers and rally to them and
lend Allah a good loan, I will most surely remit
your evil deeds and most surely enter you into
Gardens beneath which rivers flow. But whoever of
you denies afterwards, then he has certainly strayed
from the right way.” 13 So on account of their
violation of their covenant We cursed them and
made their hearts hardc, (for) twisting the words out
of their contexts, and they forgot some of what they
were reminded of. And yousg will continue to view
treachery on their part except for a few of them, so
pardon them and overlook. Indeed, Allah loves
those who excel in doing good. 14 And from those
who have said, “We are Christians,” We took their
pledge. But they forgot some of what they were
reminded of, so We provoked enmity and hatred
among them until the Day of Resurrection, when
Allahd will inform them of what they used to do. 15
O People of the Scripture, Our Messenger has come
to you, clarifying for you much of what you kept
hidden of the Scripture and overlooking much. A
light from Allahd has surely come to you, and an
Evident Scripture 16 with which Allah guides
whoever has followed—(for) His good pleasure—(to)
the ways of peace, and brings them out of
darkness (es) into light, by His permission, and
guides them to a straight path. 17 Most surely, those
who said, “Allah is the Christ, son of Mary,” have
denied (faith). Saysg, “So who could have prevented
Allah, had He wanted to annihilate the Christ, son
of Mary, and his mother and everyone on earth?”
For to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens
and the earth and whatever is between them. He
creates whatever He wills, for Allah is All-Powerful
over everything. 18 Moreover, the Jews and the
Christians said, “We are the children of Allah and
are His beloved.” Saysg, “Why then does He punish
you for your misdeeds?” Rather, you are but human
beings from among those He created. He forgives
whom He wills, and He punishes whom He wills,
for to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens
and the earth and what lies between them, and to
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
b
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qc
Hamza and Al-Kesa’i read it as: “. . . their hearts fake,” or “. . . their hearts very hard,” as the way they pronounced the
Arabic word qaseyah may mean ‘very hard’ or ‘fake’.
d
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
a
72
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h h
m h
û
i ii
i h= Ůû hķ űȲ
x h h ȵ űļŵ
;i ĵŒhȹ Ŵųjh ɉ ŋi jŧŤȬh ô Ũh ŰŇ Ŵû ųjğ Ɋk Ǭ
ˌ j ɅźŵŊjķ
hû
i û i ğ h im hh h i k hih
h h ğ ū
j Ɓ‹bh D
ĵŲh bh P˱
ŰɊ jĬj b ô ;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ BjŊšɆb
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
h
û
h h ihûh
h Šh
hû Ģh
i m
i ŕj ųh û ɉ‹ jŷûȎ˯
ðĵųŹŶɀķ
ʑ
űû ȱ;h ĵŁh ʼnû ũ Ķ
ɮj
ŭ
ů‹
Ů
Ÿ
į
̓
Ǟ
j
h
h
l
i ih
h
i
ih
i
i k hȼiŽ ĵhȍź
h û ȯh ȇ
Ġ Ŵjh Ųk p ˅Ǜ
Š h űû Ȳ
ŎK
ůǻ
ĵŲh AźɉźŪȩ `= Ůj Ŏi ŋɉ‹
j
h
m
m
h h
hh h
i h h û hh
h
x Ŋj hŵbh xǞ jŒhȵ űȱ
;ĵŁ ʼnŪȯ ˌŋŽj
ñ ŋŽ
p jŒȵ Ŵü Ųj ĵŵ;ĵŁ
p Ŋŵ ƅb Ǟ
k i Šh h i ğ h
h Š h i h h û
x ʼnhũ ;p ƾ
û h ȁ
ĀjŷŲj źû Ūj ů ƽź
Ɋ ^ĵũ J˯ ̔ ŋŽj
j ȇ Ĭ‹b
h
mh h h û i
û
h
h h
i
h ğ h l i û
;ĵžjĸ˩= űȲžjȯ Ůšh Łh Jj? űû Ȳžû ŰŠ jĬ‹ Ĺųh šjû ŵ Abŋi ŬJ‹ _j źû ŪŠɔ
h
q i Ġ i hh h
û h ğ i h
hŴjŲk Aʼnq ńh = D
j İiŽ űû ɉ ĵŲ űȲŠƋĻA;h bh ȢźŰŲ űȲŰšŁbh
h h û l i i û j û hŠh
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹
hĶļh Ŭh Ʋů‹ğ Ĺh Ŏh ʼnğ Ūh ųi û ɉ‹ P˱
Ɓ‹ AźŰŇI‹ _źŪɔ ̕ ǻ
j
j
h
h
h
l
l
i
h
h
h h û hû Ģ
h h
i h iğ
h Ǫj Š ɗh Aźĸji ŰŪŶ
ŴɆ
ļȯ űȡjKĵķI= ȇ AbʼnĠ Ļŋû Ļ ƅbh űû Ȳů Ĭ‹
j
h i ğ h ğ h ğh qûh h ğ Ģ h i h l i h
ĵŹh ŰŇʼnû ŵ Ŵů ĵŵ˯ ŴɆ
jKĵĸŁ ĵŲźũ ĵŹžjȯ `j? ƽźųŠɔ Aźɉĵũ ̖
l ûh h
l ûh ğ h
h h
h i h ğ h
Š ń
^ĵũ ̗ `źŰjҊɘ ĵŵjıŦ ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų AźŁi ŋi ƞ `jıŦ ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų AźŁi ŋi ƞ Ʋ
h
l i i û h ûh h iğ h h û h i hh h ğ h
h
AźŰŇI‹ ĵųŹj žŰŠ Ĭ‹ űšȫɁ `źŦĵƞ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲ `j ƆŁi Kh
ğ hh h i Šh û i ğ h i i iû h h h h h hû i ûh h
jĬ‹ ȇbh `ź
ô ĸj Űɣ űȲŵjıŦ aźųļŰŇI AJjıŦ BĵȊ‹ űŹj žŰŠ
h ğ Ģ h i h l i h
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭi `? l Aźm iȣğ źh ļh ȯh
Ŵů ĵŵj? ƽź
ųŠɔ Aźɉĵũ ̘ ǻj
j
m h Šhh h Ġ h h h h û h û h h l i h ğ qhh m h h i û ğ
ƆjļʂŦ ūɅKb ĺŵ= ĶŸJĭŦ ĵŹžjȯ AźɊAI ĵŲ AʼnķɁ ĵŹŰŇʼnŵ
ûh ğ i h mh k k h h h
h i h hi h ğ
ƿj ŧȫ ƅj? ūj ŰɊû = ƅ ƭj j ? B
j K ^ĵũ ̙ `bʼnjšŠɥ ĵŶŹŠɪ ĵŵj?
ğ h h h
h Ū jŏŠʁh ûů‹ _j źû Ūh ûů‹ ǻ
h û Ʌh bh ĵŶh Ŷh ûɀhķ \û ŋi ûŦĭhŦ ƹj h=bh
ĵŹh ȫjıŦ ^ĵũ ̚ ǻ
j
ˌ
ûh h h h
hû
h
h i h qh h h hû
ûh h f h hi
MįĻ ƆŦ P˱
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj `źŹžjȽŽ õ ĹŶŎ ǻjšɅK= űõ û Źj žŰŠ ĹŲŋğ Ƥ
hh
h ûh û hhh û ûh h iû h
h Ū jŏŠʁh ûů‹ _j źû Ūh ûů‹ ȇ
_h IA;h ƴ
Ȩ‹ įĸȫ űŹj žŰŠ ŮĻ‹bø ̛ ǻ
j
h
û h h
h i h q i h û hû
Ŵjh Ų Ůĸğ Ūļh Ȭi űû ɉbh ĵųjh Ÿʼnj ńh = Ŵjû Ų Ůjĸk Ūļi ȯ ĵȫĵɅh ŋû ũ ĵɅh ŋğ ũ Jj? Ũj k ơĭ
jķ
h
h
û
h
h
h
h h
h ğ iû
h Ūļğ ųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ĭ‹
i ğ Ůi ĸğ Ūh ļh Ȭh ĵųh ȫğ ? ^ĵhũ ū
ǻ
j
ð ŶŰļȰƁ ^ĵũ ŋj Ň˖‹
j
h
h ŏh h ȵ Ŵü Ɍhů ̜
h ʼnhŽ řjŎĵĸh ķ ú ĵhŵɁ m ĵŲh ƴhŰļi Ūû h jȋ ]h ʼnh hŽ Ǔğ h ? ĺś
dj
j
p j
j
j
h
h
i
k
k
û
h
h
i
û
h m h i
h ûh
h ğ h hğ
h
i K= ƭ
m
ʼnɆ
j j j ? ̝ ǻųj ۊɿů‹ BK Ĭ‹ [ĵŇ= ƭj j ? ðūŰļȰƁj ūȎj?
Him is the destiny. 19 O People of the Scripture, Our
Messenger has surely come to you, making things
clear to you—after a cessation of sending
messengers—so that you cannot say, “Neither a
herald of glad tidings nor a warner has come to us.”
In fact, a herald of glad tidings and a warner has
come to you, for Allah is All-Powerful over
everything. 20 And recall when Moses said to his
people, “O my people, remember Allah’s blessing
upon you when He made among you prophets and
made you kings and brought you what He never
brought anyone (else) in all communities.” 21 “O my
people, enter the Holy Land which Allah has
prescribed for you, and do not turn on your heels
lest you return as losers.” 22 They said, “O Moses,
there are certainly tyrannical people in it, and we
will certainly not enter it until they depart it. So if
they depart it, we will then surely enter.” 23 Two
men of those who fear (God) —on whom Allah had
bestowed His blessings—said, “Enter upon them
by the gate, for as soon as you have entered it, you
are then indeed overcomers. And place your trust
in Allah if you are believers.” 24 They said, “O
Moses, we will certainly not enter it, ever, as long
as they are in it. So go ahead, you and your Lord,
and combat. We are surely staying behind right
here.” 25 He said, “My Lord, I have control only over
myself and my brother, so separate between us and
the defiantly disobedient people.” 26 He said, “Then
surely, it is forbidden for them for forty years as
they wander through the land, so do not grieve over
the defiantly disobedient people.” 27 And readsg to
them the true story of Adam’s two sons: when they
offered an offering, so it was accepted from one of
them but was not accepted from the other. He said,
“Most surely I will kill you.” He said, “Indeed,
Allah accepts only from the ones who are mindful
(of Him). 28 If you do stretch your hand towards me to
kill me, never will I stretch my hand towards you
to kill you; indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of all realms.
Indeed, I want you to bear my sin and your sin
29
and thus become one of the fellows of the Fire, for
such is the repayment for the unjust.” 30 Then His
(inner) self prompted
him to kill his brother, so he
killed him and (thus) became one of the losers. 31
Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground
to show him how to cover his brother’s corpse. He
said, “Woe to me! Was I incapable of being like this
raven and burying my brother’s corpse?” And he
73
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
û hm i h h
h i hh h û
h h
h Ŕû h= Ŵjû Ų `ź
Š
ų
ľ˯
ǖ
ɳ
ŭ
ļ
ȯ
ū
ūj ɉŠəbh ˏjKĵğȍ‹ Ķ
j
j ľjıjȨ =źĸȩ `=
j
h hû h i i û h ih û h h h
ğ li h h
h ųjۊɾů‹
Ģ Ł
A>ʵ
jŷžjŇ= ŮļȰ ÿŷŏŧȫ ÿȔ 功ğ śȯ ̞ ǻ
j
h
û
i iğ h hhh
h
h hh û h ihhhh
ĵķAq ŋh ţ Ĭ‹
Ľšĸȯ ̟ Ŵh ɆǪ
j j Šɴů‹ ŴjŲ ŃĸŔįŦ ÿŷŰļŪȯ
h h
hû
h h
h h
i h ûh
i j ů P˱
j
^ĵũ jŷˏ žjŇ= C;h źû Ŏh djKŠʆh iŽ ťžû Ŭ ÿŷi Ɇh Ǟ
Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĽŅ
ĸȬ
j
h
h
h
i
û
h
h
û i û h h Ģ h û hŠh
hi h h hû h i
dh jKŠɩh įŦ BA
ŰɆźɔ
j ŋŤů‹ AŊŠɪ ŮĿjŲ `źȱ= `= DŌłŠ= Ʋ
h
h
h
h h
ğ h hh û h
h
h Ųʼnj Šɰů‹
ūj ɉŠə Ůj Łû = Ŵjû Ų ̠ ǻj
ŴjŲ ŃĸŔįŦ ˌƹj = C;h źû Ŏh
û h û h üh û h h h h h i ğ h h Ģ h û m h Š h h h û h h
ōg ŧȫ Ǟ
j Ťjķ ˋŏŧȫ ŮļȰ ŴŲ ÿŷŵɁ ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ķ ȇ ĵŶȼļŬ
hû
h h
h ûh
h ğȍ‹ Ůh ļh Ȱh ĵųh ȫğ ɂh ŭ
q Ʀh Mĵ
h
ûŴŲh bh ĵšžj
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Ip ĵŏŦ b=
Ŧ P˱
ih i i û i û h m h û h h h q h h ğ h û h m h ğ h h h h h û h
ĵŶŰŎK űŹȩ;ĵŁ ʼnŪůb ô ĵšžjƦ Mĵȍ‹ ĵžń= ĵųȫɂŭŦ ĵŸĵžń=
hû
h h
h û
q j ĿŬh `ğ ? űğ Ȫi ĺ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ūj ɉŠə ʼnh šû Ȩh űŹi Ŷjû Ųk ˊǞ
P˱
j Šɰjžk hȊĭjķ
j
h i hi h ğ li h h hğ
h i û ih
h ğ `ź
i h Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
Ģ Ł ĵųȫj? ̡ `źŦǪ
ɅjKĵƘ ŴŽjȑ‹ A>ʵ
ÿȔź
j ųɉ
h
h
h
h
û
l i h
hi l ğ
h
e h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj `źû šh ŏû h ȹbh
şh śğ Ūȩ bû = Aźm ĸi Űŕh iŽ bû = Aźm Űļğ ŪȬi `= AIĵŏh Ŧ P˱
hû
h
l h h
i h
h
h h
jˏ Ɓ‹ Ŵjh Ų Aźû ŧŶiŽ bû = ťg Š ʄjŇ Ŵjû Ųk űŹi ŰŁi Kû =bh űû Źj ŽjʼnûŽɁ
ūj ɉŠə P˱
Ġ Ǎd
û û ih
f Ŋh Šh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎ űû Źi h ɉbh ðĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
f Şj Šh BA
̢ űž
j
j x ŌjŇ űŹɉ
l h h ğ ğ
hh l
ûh h h
ğh l hû h
`= Aźm ųi ŰŠĭŦ ðűû Źj žû ŰŠ AbKji ʼnŪȩ `= Ůj ĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ AźiķĵĻ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ƅj?
h
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
hğ
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ h ̣ űžj
Ĭ‹
h l i
l
hh û
i ğ h
űû ȲŰšh ů ĀjŷjŰžjȼŎh Ǎj Abʼni Źj Š ɕh bh ĹŰžjŎźh ɉ‹ jŷûȎj? Aźm Ťļh Ȩ‹û bh
hû
h ğh h l h h h ğ ğ
ûi
h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲğ űŹi ɉ `= źû ɉ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
P˱
ȑ‹ `j? ̤ `źŅji Űŧȩ
û
l ihûh ih h ihû h q h
h h û
jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _j źû hŽ BA
Ŋ
Š
Ŵj
Ų
Āj
ŷ
ķ
j AbʼnļŧȎj ÿŷšŲ ÿŷŰĿjŲb ĵšžjƦ
j
h f h h û ih h û i û hk ii h
l i iûh h h i i
ŊŠ űŹɉb ðűŹŶjŲ ŮjĸŪȩ ĵŲ
AźŁŋƞ `= `bʼnɆŋj Ž ̥ űx Ȏj = BA
h
i hh ğ h
x h h û i h ðĵ h û h Š h
x jŪŲĠ BA
̦ űž
ŊŠ űŹɉb ŹŶjŲ ǻŁ
j ŋj ɴjķ űŸ ĵŲb jKĵȍ‹ ŴjŲ
h l
h
m
û h ih ğ h i ğ h
ĵĸh ŏh Ŭ ĵųh j ķ ü ;h AŌh Łh ĵųh Źi Ȭjh ʼnûŽɁ Aźm ši śh ȰĭŦ ĹũjKĵŏɉ‹
b \jKĵŏɉ‹b
h h
h hĻ Ŵųh ȯh ̧ űžj
i ğ bh jĬğ ‹ Ŵh Ųj k Ɔq Š ʃ
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh Ĭ‹
ŵ
Ŵü Ųj Bĵ
ñ
j
h
û
h
h
h
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ Ńh ŰŔû =bh Ājŷųj Űŝi ʼnj šû Ȩh
h ğ `ğ ? jŷžû ŰŠh Bź
i ļi Ȭh Ĭ
x ŧi Ȯ Ĭ‹
Kź
j ˏ
j
became of the regretful. 32 Because of that We
prescribed for the Children of Israel that whoever
kills a (human) self—unless it is for (murder of) another
self or corruption in the land—it is as if he has
killed mankind, all together. And whoever gives
life to it, it is as if he has given life to mankind, all
together. And most surely Our messengers came to
them with evident proofs, but very truly after that,
many of them are a extremists. 33 Indeed, the
punishment for those who fight Allah and His
Messenger and rush about in the land spreading
corruption is that they be relentlessly killed or
crucified or have their hands and feet cut off on
opposite sides or be banished from the land. That
is a disgrace for them in the Earlier (Life), and for
them in the Hereafter is a great punishment— 34
except for those who have repented before youpl
apprehend them. So know that Allah is OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 35 O you who have
attained faith, be mindful of Allah and seek the
means of approach to Him and strive in His way,
that you may succeed. 36 As for those who have
denied—even if they own whatever is in the earth,
all of it, and the like of it with it to ransom
themselves with it from the punishment of the Day
of Resurrection, it would not be accepted from
them, and for them is a painful punishment. 37 They
wantb to depart the Fire, but in no way are they to
depart it, and for them is a perpetual punishment.
And the male thief and the female thief: cutpl their
38
hands as a repayment for what they have earned—a
deterrent from Allah, for Allah is Almighty, AllWise. 39 But whoever has repented after his injustice
and has reformed, then indeed, Allah accepts his
repentance. Indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 40 Have you sg not come to
know that to Allah belongs the dominion of the
heavens and the earth? He punishes whom He wills,
and He forgives whom He wills, for Allah is AllPowerful over everything. 41 O Messenger, do not
be saddened by those who hasten towards denial
from among those who said with their mouths, “We
believe,” but whose hearts have not attained faith,
who have Judaized—they are
and of the ones
constant listeners to lies; they are constant listeners
to other people who have not come to you; they
a
b
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
A grammatical shift to present tense, which serves to create a vivid portrait of future events.
74
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
hû
i û i ih hğ ğ h û h û h ûhh
h h ğ ū
f ńKğ
j Ɓ‹bh D
P˱
ŰɊ ÿȔ Ĭ‹ `= űŰšȩ űɉɁ ̨ űžj
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
k i Šh h i ğ h i m h h h i û h h i m h h h i k h i
û h ȁ
p;ƾ
j ȇ Ĭ‹b ñ ;ĵŒȹ Ŵųj ɉ ŋjŧŤɆb ;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ BjŊšȬ
h
h iûh h i i ğ hĠhĢh
x ʼnhũ
h ȑ‹ğ ūŵ
Š h i ȹ ŴŽj
Ǎj `źŠi ŋj ɹ
ŌƘ ƅ ^źŎŋɉ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑø ̩ ŋŽj
l i h h ğ h
ûh
ûi û
ûi h
ŴjŲİĻ űû ɉbh űû Źj jŸŠʆh Ŧįjķ ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h Aźm ɉĵũ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ŴjŲ ŋj ŧȲů‹
h û h i ğ h l i h h ğ h h û ii ii
h ğ
`źši Š ʅŎh Bj
j ŊŭŰj ɉ `źšŠʅŎ Abõ IĵŸ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲb űõ ŹɅźŰũ
h û h i i h iûh ûh h h h û h
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj űjh Ȁů‹ `źŦŋj k hƘ ð]ź
ĻɂŽ űɉ ŴɆŋj ŇA; ˉg źŪj ů
ğ
i h h Šh û i i û h i i h
hûi
h
i Ŋi ň
ai źû ĻİĻ űû ů `˯ ab
Ŧ AŊɪ űļɀj Ļb= `j? `źɉźŪȬ ĀjðŷjšŗA
j źh Ɋ
h h h hh
l h û h
hû iğ
ğ
jIŋj iŽ ŴŲh bh Abô Ki Ŋńĭ
Ŧ
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų ÿȔi ūj Űųû ȩ ŴŰŦ ÿŷi ļh ȿļj Ŧ Ĭ‹
h
i
ğ
h
h
h
i
i
h Ģ l ne û h
h Űũ ŋh Źk śh Ȭi `= Ĭ‹
i ğ jIŋiŽ űû ɉ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ ū
Ǎj űû Źi ɉ űô û Źi Ʌź
j Ɍʤb= ô ĵZžő
j
j
h
h
h ğ
f ŊŠh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎ űû Źi ɉbh d
û hûĠ
x Şj Šh BA
`źši Š ʅŎh ̪ űž
ð x ŌjŇ ĵžȫȐ‹
j
h û
h û Ġ h iŠğ h
i û h h im h
űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ űȲńĭ
Ŧ ]b;ĵŁ `jıŦ ĺ
ˏ j ŅŏŰj ɉ `źŰɦ= Bj
j ŊŭŰj ɉ
q h h Ġ i h hh û iûh û ûi
h û û h h
ðĵnZžû ő ]b
ǴŽ ŴŰŦ űŹŶȭ Pŋj šȩ `˯ ðűû Źi Ŷû ȭ Pŋj Š= bû =
û û
Ġ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? ř
ihûh i û h h û h h û
Ķj
j ˏ j ŏjŪůĭjķ űŹŶɀķ űȲńĭŦ ĺųŭń `˯
h h i k hi hûhh
h Šbh ū
h ś jŏŪû ųi û ɉ‹
h ȯ Ĺi Š ƊKh źû ȋ‹
ğ űi Ÿi ʼnŶj
ĵŹžj
ŵźųjŭƘ ťžȡb ̫ ǻ
j
i
i ğ
h ğ
û
h h m
h h
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ĵŲh bh ôūj ɉŠə ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj `źû ůźh ļh Ȭh űğ Ȫ jĬ‹ űi Ȳńi
i û h x i h q i h hŠ h û ğ hû h h m ğ
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉĭķ
űi ȲƘ ô Kź
ŵb cʼnŸ ĵŹžjȯ ĹƊKźȋ‹ ĵȍŌŵ= ĵȫj? ̬ ǻj
j
h Ġ Šğ ğ h l i h h ğ l i h û h h ğ h Ġ ğ
`źžj Ŷɐŋɉ‹b AbIĵŸ ŴŽjȓj ɉ AźųŰŎ= ŴŽjȑ‹ `źžjȼȍ‹ ĵŹh j ķ
l i û i û h i hûhû h
hh l i h ğ
h
Š
jŷžû ŰŠ AźŵȢbh jĬ‹ Ķ
ɮj
Ŭ
Ŵj
Ų
AźŞjŧŅļŎ‹ ĵųjķ KĵĸńƁ‹b
j
h
l
û h h ğ li h ûh hh hm h h i
h
i h Œû h ȶ ƅbh `źû Œh ҋ
b Mĵȍ‹ AźŒƛ ƆŦ ô ;AʼnŹő
Ʋj Š ɔ˲ AbǛ
j
h
i
h
h
h iğ
i h
i ûh ûğ hh q h qhh
h = m ĵųh ķ űȲ
űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ Ĭ‹
^Ōŵ
Ƙ űů ŴŲb ô Ɔžj Űũ ĵŶųȪ
j
h
h
m
h û
û
û ğ h û û h hûh hh
h
ōj ŧğȍĭjķ ōh ŧğȍ‹ `= ĵŹžj
ȯ űŹj žŰŠ ĵŶȼļȡb ̭ `bŋi jŧŠʃů‹
hû
iiû h iiû
h hû
ûhû hûhû h
Ŵğ ŏɉ‹
j k bh `j JƁĭjķ `JƁ‹bh ťŵ
j Ɓĭjķ ťŵƁ‹bh ǻ
j šůĭj ķ ǻšů‹b
h x h h i iû h k k
h h
xh ğh hih
CKĵŧŬ źŹȯ Ājŷjķ \ʼnğ ŕh Ļ Ŵųh ȯ Oĵ
j jķ
ô ŕj ũ GbŋƠ‹b Ŵj ŏɉĭ
h
i
ğ
ğ
h
h
m
h
h iğ
i h
i û û
h = ĵųh ķ űȲ
űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ Ĭ‹
^Ōŵ
Ƙ űů ŴŲh bh ÿô Ȕi
j
distort the words out of their context, saying, “If
youpl are given this, then take it; but if you are not
given it, then beware.” And whomever Allah wants
to put to trial, yousg will be powerless against Allah
on his behalf. Those are the ones whose hearts
Allah did not want to cleanse. For them is disgrace
in the Earlier (Life) , and for them is a great
punishment in the Hereafter. 42 They are constant
listeners to lies; they are constant devourers of illicit
earnings. So if they come to you sg, then judge
between them or disregard them. And if you
disregard them, then they will not harm you in any
way. Yet if you judge, then judge between them
justly. Indeed, Allah loves the just pl. 43 But how do
they come to yousg for judgment when they have the
Torah, in which is Allah’s judgment? Yet they turn
away after that. And in no way are those believers.
Indeed, We sent down the Torah, wherein is
44
guidance and light by which the prophets who
submitted a themselves (to God) judged those who
Judaized, and (so did) the Godlyb (scholars) and the
rabbis, as they were required to preserve Allah’s
Scripture and were witnesses to it. So dopl not fear
mankind, but fear Me. And do not purchase, in
exchange for My signs, a small price. And whoever
does not judge according to what Allah has sent
down, then those c are the deniers. 45 And We
prescribed for them therein: that the lifed is for the
life, and (that) the eye is for the eye, and (that) the nose
is for the nose, and (that) the ear is for the ear, and
(that) the tooth is for the tooth, and (that) for wounds
is fair retributione. But whoever donatesf it, then it
is an atonement for him. And whoever does not
judge according to what Allah has sent down, then
thoseg are the unjust. 46 And in theirh footsteps We
sent Jesus, son of Mary, confirming what preceded
him of the Torah. And We brought him the Gospel,
wherein is guidance and light, and confirming the
Torah that preceded him, and a guidance and an
admonition to the ones who are mindful (of God). 47
Literally ‘became Muslims’.
Literally ‘Lordly’.
c
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
d
The Arabic word used is nafs, which means ‘self’, referring to the human life.
Qe
Al-Kesa’i read it as: “. . . therein: that the life is for the life, and the eye for the eye, and the nose for the nose, and the ear
for the ear, and the tooth for the tooth, and for wounds fair retribution.”
All except for Nafieʻ, ʻAsem, Hamza, Khalaf, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and for wounds fair retribution.”
f
Whoever waives it as charity.
g
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
h
The prophets of the Israelites.
a
b
75
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h i Šğ
h šķ űjŸŋŠ ɒAh ;h ȇ
Ģ h h ĵŶh žû ŧğ Ȱh bh ̮ `ź
űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵj ûķ‹ ƿɀ
ųj Űɾů‹
jj
j
û
h
i hûh h h Š h ûğ h û hh hûh hk q k h i
jŷžjȯ ŮžƑ
j ƃ‹
j ŷŠɰžȩA;b ˌĹj ƊKźȋ‹ ŴjŲ jŷŽʼnŽ ǻȨ ĵųj ɉ ĵũjʼnŕɊ
qi
h û Ȩh ĵųjh k ɉ ĵũjq ʼnk ŕh Ɋi bh xKźiŵbh cʼnq Ÿi
ğ Ŵjh Ų jŷûŽʼnh hŽ ǻ
cʼnŸbh jŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
û i û h û i û hû h
hh h mh
h Ūļğ ųi ûŰj ků Ĺq Şjh Šźû Ɋh bh
^Ōŵ
= ĵųjķ Ůž
Ƒ
ƃ‹
Ů
Ÿ
=
ű
Ȳ
Ņ
Ȏ
b
̯
ǻ
j
j
j j
h
i
ğ
h
h
m
h iğ
i h
i ûh û
iğ
h = ĵųh ķ űȲ
űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ Ĭ‹
^Ōŵ
Ƙ űů ŴŲh bh jŷˏ žjȯ Ĭ‹
j
k q
h i hû
h h û h ûh mhûh hh
hû ķ Ķ
ĵųjh ɉ ĵũjʼnk ŕh Ɋi Ũj k ơĭ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ūȎj? ĵȍŌŵ=b ̰ `źŪ jŏŠʁů‹
i û h ûh h e û h i h Šh û h û h h h ûh
Ŧ ˌjŷžŰŠ ĵŶųj žŹɊb Ķ
űŹi Ŷh ûɀhķ űȲńĭ
j ɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ jŷŽʼnŽ ǻȨ
h
û
m
m
h û i h h û û ğh hh iğ hh h m h
h
kŨơ‹
h
ğ
h
h
h
ŴjŲ ];ĵŁ ĵųȭ űŸ;AźŸ= şjĸȽĻ ƅb ðĬ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵųjķ
ˏj
û
ki
i
q Źh Ŷjû Ųbh Ĺq Šh Ǩ
i ğ ;h m ĵőh źû h ɉbh ô ĵŁĵ
û j űû ȲŶj
Ĭ‹
Ų ĵŶh Űšh Łh Ȃj
p ů
i
k
i
h
i
m
h
q
qh
i h h
ğ i h hh
û
j Š ɧbh CʼnjńŠɩh ĹŲ= űû ȲŰšƠ
ðűû ȲŠƋĻA;h ĵŲ Ǎj űû ȡźh ŰĸhȎj ŴȲ
h h q h û i i û h ğ h Šh û hû l i h û h
i
űȲĴi j ĸk ȿži ȯ ĵšžj
Ʀ űȲšŁ
ˏ j ɷžƢ‹ AźŪjĸȽŎĭŦ
j ŋɊ jĬ‹ Ǔj? D
h
h
hh m h ihûh i û
h i ûh
i Ŭi ĵųh ķ
^Ōŵ
= ĵųjķ űŹŶɀķ űȲń‹ `j =bh ̱ `źŧj Űļh ƛ jŷžjȯ űû ļŶ
j
h
h
h
m
h
û
ğ
û
h
h
h Ŷi ļŧȬh `= űû Ÿi Kû Ŋń‹
û bh űû Ÿi ;h Aźh Ÿ= şû ĸȽĻ ƅbh Ĭ‹
iğ
Ŗj šû Ȩh Ŵü ȭ ]ź
j
j
h iğ i i h ğh ûh û h lûğ h h h h iğ h h m h
h = ĵŲ
`= Ĭ‹
ʼnɆŋj Ž ĵųȫɁ űŰŠĭŦ Aźůźh Ļ `j ıŦ ðūûȎj? Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ
ğ û ii
h i hh
ûh ih i
q j ĿŬh `˯
j ğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ˊǞ
`źŪ jŏŠʁů Mĵ
ñűŹj j ɅźŵJ Ŗj šĸjķ űŹĸžŕj Ž
h
h iû
ğ
h û û i hh
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ŵi ŏh ńû = Ŵû Ųh bh `ź
ô ŤĸȬh jĹžjğ ŰŹj Šɲů‹ űh ȲŅŦ= ̲
h h
ğ
h l
û
hk
h
Ģ
ƅ AźŶi ŲAh ;h Ŵh Žjȑ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑø
̳ `źŶji ũźiŽ ˉp źû Ūj ů ĵųq ŭńi
h ihû l i ğh
û h i m û h û i i û h h m û h Ģ ŋh Š ɻh ğȍ‹bh Iź
ŹȎ‹ AbŊň
Ŗ
j ļȩ
ˏ p šȨ ;ĵhȎj b= űŹŘšȨ ò ;ĵhȎj b= c
h
û
ğ
h
i k i hhh hh
h ğ ‹ `ğ ? űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ÿŷi ğŵıhŦ űû ȲŶj
_h źû Ūů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ
Ų űŹɉźļȬ ŴŲb
j ñ
j
ğ
i
i
ğ
h
x hğ
h ųjۊɾů‹
h h ȯh ̴ ǻ
h ȑ‹ cǛ
Š h iȹ P
`źŠi ŋj ɹ
ŋŲ űŹj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ŴŽj
j
h iğ
h x mh
i h Ģ h ûh h i i h û
Ɲ `źɉźŪȬ űŹj žjȯ
`= Ĭ
‹ ƿh šh ȯ ô Cŋh j ɋAI ĵŶh hȼžŕj Ļ `= ǀ
û
h h hû
l Ġ h h m h Šh h l i û i h
h j įhŽ
AbǦ= ĵŲ ȇ AźŅjĸŕžȯ Āj aʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ŋp Ɋû = bû = jŃļû ŧůĭjķ ƫ
m h i Ģ h h lm i h h h ğ i ih h
i h m
h Ųʼnj Šɓh űû Ź jŏŧŵ
= Ǎj
;j ƅİʧ
= AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ^źŪɆb ̵ ǻj
j
h
h
l
h
û
i hh û iğ û hû h û h ğ
û śh ĸńh űû Ȳ
i h h ğ
ĺ
j ô šųɉ űŹȫj? űŹj j ŶŠʅŽɁ ʼnŹŁ jĬĭjķ Aźųŏũ= ŴŽjȑ‹
So leta the people of the Gospel judge according to
what Allah has sent down in it. And whoever does
not judge according to what Allah has sent down,
then thoseb are the defiantly disobedient. 48 And We
sent down to you sg the Scripture with truth,
confirming whatever scripture that preceded it and
an overseer over it. So judge between them
according to what Allah has sent down, and do not
follow their whims instead of the truth that has
come to you. For each of youpl We have assigned a
legislation and a method. And had Allah willed, He
could have made you a single community, but in
order to test you through what He has brought you;
so race towards good works. To Allah is your
return, all of you, then He will inform you regarding
whatever you used to differ over. 49 So judge sg
between them according to what Allah has sent
down, and do not follow their whims. And beware
of them lest they lure you away from some of what
Allah has sent down to you. But if they turn away,
then know that Allah wants to afflict them for some
of their misdeeds. And most surely, many people
are defiantly disobedient. 50 Is it the judgment of (the
era of) pagan ignorance that theyc desire? And who
is better than Allah in judgment for people of firm
faith? 51 O you who have attained faith, do not take
the Jews and the Christians as allies; some of them
are allies of one another. And whoever of you allies
himself with them is indeed one of them. Indeed,
Allah does not guide the unjust people. 52 So yousg
see those in whose hearts is sickness hastening
towards them. They say, “We fear that the wheel of
fate may turn against us.” But hopefully Allah will
bring about the conquest or something else from
Himself, whereupon they will regret what they
concealed within themselves. 53 And thosed who
have attained faith saye, “Are these the ones who
swore by Allah their most solemn oaths that they
are very truly with youpl?” Their deeds have been
nullified, so they became losers. 54 O you who have
attained faith, whoever of you turns back from his
religion—then Allah will bring a people whom He
loves and who love Him, humble pl towards the
towards the deniers. They strive
believers, mighty
Hamza read it as: “And so that the people of the Gospel may judge according . . .”
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qc
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . that youpl desire?”
Qd
Nafieʻ Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Those who have . . .”
Qe
Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “And (hopefully) those who have attained faith will say . . .”
Qa
b
76
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h h
l
i ĸh Ŕû hįhŦ űû Źi iۊʅh Šû h=
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
h Ǫj Š ɗh l AźŅ
Ģ ̶ ŴɆ
ŴŲh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
j
h
i
i ğ ƫûįhŽ [h źû ŏh hŦ ĀjŷjŶŽjI ŴŠh űû ȲŶj
iűû ŹĸjĠ Ƙi ˉźû Ūh ķ Ĭ‹
Ų ʼnğ Ļŋû hŽ
p j
j
h û hh ğ h h û iû hh ğ h mih Ġ ih
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ ȇ ˅g ŌjŠ= ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ȇ Ĺg ůjJ= ÿŷŵźĸŅ
ŴɆ
j Ɇb
j
h
h
m
h
h
h i hh
h i Šh i
ğ
h h
h
ūj ɉŠə ˈˏ p j ɋƅ ĹŲh źû ɉ `źŦĵƞ ƅbh jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj `bʼnŹj ɲŽ
ğ
i ğ bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh jŷžjȩİû iŽ jĬğ ‹ Ůi Řû hŦ
f ŰŠh şjf ŎŠɩh Ĭ‹
ĵųh ȫj? ̷ űžj
ô
ğ
l
h i i h
i Ġ h
ih
i ğ űi Ȳ
i i Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
h ȑ‹ğ bh ÿȔź
`źųž
Ȏj b
jŪŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
ğ
h
h
h i Šh û i h h Š ğ h i û i h h Š ğ
h ğ ^źh ļh Ȭh ŴŲh bh ̸ `ź
Ĭ‹
šjŬɚ űŸb CźŬŌɉ‹ `źĻİɆb CźŰŕɉ‹
û
ğ h l
h
h
i ğ
i h Ŏi Kh bh
h ȑ‹ğ bh ÿȔź
̹ `źĸji ۊʀů‹ űi Ÿ jĬ‹ Bh Ōjû ń `jıŦ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
i h l i hğ h ğ l i ğh h l ih h h ğ h ĠhĢh
ûűȲ
ŶŽjI AbŊƛ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ AbŊň
j ļȩ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
û
l
h
i
h Šɮjh ŭů‹ AźiĻbi= ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵjh Ųk ĵĸq šj hůbh ˊbq Ōi Ÿi
űû Ȳj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ Ķ
i û h
h
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭi `? Ĭ‹
û h= Kĵ
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ;h m ĵȎ
h ŧğ ŭ
h
j
b
ů‹b
AJ˯ ̺ ǻj
ô
j
h
h i hğ jŠh ğ h û iûh h
x_źû ũh űû Źi ȫğ ɂķ ūjh ɉŠəh ô ĵĸq šj hůbh ˊbq Ōi Ÿi ĵŸb
Ŋƛ‹ CźŰŕɉ‹ Ǔj? űļȬIĵŵ
j
mğ mğ h i h ûh
h i ûh ğ
h û hûhĢh ûi
Š
ɮj
ƅj? ĵŶjŲ `źųjŪŶĻ ŮŸ Ķ
j ŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ Ůũ ̻ `źŰŪj šȬ ƅ
h i m h h hûh h i m h h ğ
ğh i h
ğ ŲAh ;h `û h=
`=bh Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ^Ōŵ
=
ĵ
Ų
b
ĵ
Ŷ
Ȏ
?
^
Ōŵ
=
ĵ
Ų
b
Ĭĭ
ķ
ĵ
Ŷ
j
j j
j
j
h i Šh û i h h û h
h Šh k k h i i k h i û h û i
ūj ɉə ŴjŲ Ǭ
p j ȵ űȲĴjȼŵɁ ŮŸ Ůũ ̼ `źŪ jŏɤ űȡǜȱ=
h h h h h iğ ihhğ h ğ h
eh ih
h
Ůšh Łh bh jŷžû ŰŠ Ķ
Ř
j ţb Ĭ‹ ŷŶšů ŴŲ jĬ‹
ô ʼnŶjŠ ĹɅźĿŲ
xk h h Ģ h l i h i Š ğ h h h h h h h û h h h h û i i û
Ǩ
ūjɌʤb= ôDźŤɽů‹ ʼnĸȭb ŋɆjLĵŶƢ‹b CIŋjŪů‹ űŹŶjŲ
lmi h û i im h h
ğ ;j m Aźh Ŏh ŴŠh ŮĠ ŗh h=bh ĵȫq Ǿh Ųğ
Aźɉĵũ űȡb;ĵŁ AJ˯ ̽ Ůž
ȼ
ŏɉ‹
j j
l i h h ûh û ih ûi û l i h ğ hh ğh h
ğ h
iĬ‹
b Ājôŷjķ AźŁŋŇ ʼnũ űŸb ŋj ŧȲůĭjķ AźŰŇI ʼnũb ĵŶŲA;
h iiû h l i h h ihû h
q j ĿŬh c
Š ŋh hĻbh ̾ `ź
űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ˊǞ
ųļȲŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ űŰŠ=
h
h
û h û Ġ i û h Šh û i û h û û
h i Šhi
ōh ȻjȊ ĺ
ȹ
ô Ņŏɉ‹ űŹj j Űȱ=b `j ɩʼnšů‹b űj ľƃ‹
j Ǎj `źŠŋj ɹ
h
û
h
l
h
i
h Ġ Šğ ğ i iŠ h û h û
h
i h
i ĸh ńû Ɓ‹bh `ź
Kĵ
žj Ŷɐŋɉ‹ űŹƋŹŶȬ ƅźɉ ̿ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲh
l i h h h û h h û Ġ i û hh h û û i ûh h
Aźŵǽ ĵŲ ōȻjȊ ĺ
ô Ņŏɉ‹ űŹj j Űȱ=b űȪƃ‹
j űŹj j ɉźũ ŴŠ
û
ğ
h
h
i
i
h
h h û
ğ ih i ih
û Űţ ô Ĺf ůźŰŤû Ųh jĬ‹
ĺ
ʼnŽ IźŹȎ‹ ĺ
j ůĵũbh ̀ `źši ŶŕhŽ
in the way of Allah and do not fear the blame of any
blamer. That is Allah’s grace; He brings it to
whomever He wills, for Allah is All-Embracing,
All-Knowing. 55 Indeed, your pl ultimate guardian
is Allah and His Messenger and those who have
attained faith—those who establish the prayer and
bringa the purifying charityb while they bow down.
And whoever allies himself with Allah and His
56
Messenger and those who have attained faith—then
surely the party of Allah are the overcomers. 57 O
you who have attained faith, do not take as allies
those who take your religion for mockery and a
game from among those who were given the
Scripture before you or the deniers c. And be
mindful of Allah if you have (really) attained faith. 58
And when youpl call to the prayer, they take it for
mockery and a game. That is because they are
people who do not reason. 59 Saysg, “O People of the
Scripture, do you resent us only because we have
attained faith in Allah and in what was sent down
to us and in what was sent down previously, while
most of you are defiantly disobedient?” 60 Saysg,
“Shall I inform you of worse than that as requital
from Allah? (It is the retribution of) the one whom Allah
has cursed and upon whom is His wrath, and (those)
whom d He made into apes and pigs, and the
worshipers of false masterse. Those are in a worse
position and further astray from the right way. 61
And when they come to youpl, they say, ‘We have
attained faith,’ though they have entered with
denial, and they have departed with it. But Allah
knows better what they have been concealing.” 62
And yousg see many of them hastening towards sin
and hostility and their devouring of illicit gains.
Truly miserable is what they have been making! 63
If only the Godlyf scholars and the rabbis would
forbid them from speaking sinfully and devouring
illicit gains! Truly miserable is what they have been
practicing! 64 And the Jews said, “Allah’s hand is
shackled.” Shackled are their hands, and they were
cursed for what they said! Rather, both His hands
are outstretched; He spends as He wills. And most
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
b
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qc
Abu ʻAmr, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . or from among the deniers.”
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qe
Hamza read it as: “. . . and the servants of false masters.”
f
Literally ‘Lordly’.
a
77
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h h
h Śź
h ŏi ûȼŲh iaAʼnh hŽ Ůû hķ l Aźò i ɉĵhũ ĵųh ķ l AźŶi jšiůbh űû ŹŽjʼnûŽɁh
ťžû Ŭ Ũi jŧŶiŽ `ĵ
ļ
j
j
j
h kğ
h ûh h i m ğ iû k q h ğ h hh h im hh
ūjɅK ŴjŲ ūȎj? ^Ōŵ
j ůb ô ;ĵŒȹ
j = ĵŲ űŹŶŲj ˊǞjĿŬ `ʼnɆǤ
h
û
h
û
û
m h û
ûi
û
h
h h
_j źû hŽ ǓŠ j ? ;h ĵŘŤhȊ‹bh Cbh Š ɵšh ů‹ űi Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ĵŶh žû ŪůɁbh ˊô ŋq ŧȡbh ĵŶq Šɱh ŤŚi
h
h ûŰj ků ˊKĵ
q hŵ l Abʼni hũbû h= m ĵųh ğǿi ˏjĹųh Šɱh jŪûů‹
i ğ ĵŸh hįŧh Śû h= Bŋû Ņ
`źû šh ŏû h ȹbh ôĬ‹
j
hû
ûiû Ġ i h iğ h q h h
ğ h ûh h
h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj
`= źɉb ́ ŴŽjʼn jŏŧųɉ‹ ĶjƘ ƅ Ĭ‹b ôˑIĵŏŦ P˱
h h ğh h l hğ l
h û hûh
űû Źj j ĻĵnZh j žk Ŏh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ĵŵŋû ŧȲů Aźû Ūȩ‹bh AźŶi ŲAh ;h Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŮŸ=
h ğ l i hh û i ğh ûh h
ğh
hû h ûhh
AźɊĵũ= űŹȫɁ źɉb ͂ űj žjšğȍ‹ ĺ
ŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
j ŠɰŁ űû Źi ŠɰŰŇIƁbh
û h
h h h û k ğ k ûh h i m h h h
ûűŹjũźû hŦ ŴjŲ l AźiŰȱ
Ɓ űŹj j ɅK ŴjŲ űŹj Ȏj? ^Ōŵ
=
ĵ
Ų
b
Ůž
Ƒ
ƃ‹
b
j
j
j
j
h
h
mh h û i û k x h h x h h û Ġ x ğ i û i û k
û
;ĵŎ űŹŶjŲ ǞjĿȡb ð Cʼnŕj ļŪŲ ĹŲ= űŹŶjŲ űˏ Źj j ŰŁi Kû = ĺ
j ƕ ŴjŲbh
h ihûh h
h h h i mh ûkh i i ğ hĠhĢh
ŴjŲ ūûȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲ Ţj Űķ ^źŎŋɉ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑø ̓ `źŰųšȬ ĵŲ
h
h kğ
h ûğh h h ûh ûh ûğ
i ğ bh ÿô ŷi hȋĵh Ŏh K ĺ
ūųi ŕj šû Ȭh Ĭ‹
j ŤŰķ ĵųȯ Ůšŧȩ űů `˯ ðūjɅK
h hğ ğ
h û hû hû
ûi
ğ h
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
`j? Mĵ
ů‹ _źŪů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
Ůũ ̈́ ŴɆ
ˍ j ȍ‹ ŴjŲ
j
h ğ l i i Š ğ h û h Šh h û i û h Šh û h û h Ģ h
AźųžjŪĻ Ʋń ;g ƾ ȇ űļŏɉ Ķ
ŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
j ɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ
û h
i k ğ k i ûh h i m h h h
h Ǥh hůbh űû Ȳ
q j ĿŬh `ğ ʼnɆ
ˊǞ
ñ
j ƃ‹
j b
j
j ɅK ŴjŲ űȲȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲb ŮžƑ
ûh hh û i
û h
h h h i mğ iûk
Mh įĻ ƆŦ ðˊŋq ŧȡbh ĵŶq Šɱh ŤŚi ūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ūȎû j ? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŲ űŹŶjŲ
l i h h ğ h l ih h h ğ ğ
h û û hû hh
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ _j źŪů‹ ȇ
AbIĵŸ ŴŽjȑ‹b AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ͅ ŴɆ
j
û
h i Š ğ h
ğ
Š ŋh Š ɻh ğȍ‹bh `ź
nZj ĸɻů‹b
ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh jĬĭjķ Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû Ųh c
h
hh f h hh
h i ûh i
h h h
͆ `źŵŌh Ƙ űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ [źû Ň ƆŦ ĵŅjq ۊɞ Ůųj Šbh
h m û h h
ği q
h hû h h û hh
m j hķ Ũh Šɯžj
Ų ĵŵŊŇ= ʼnŪů
ĵųh ǿ ð ƆŎi Ki űû Źj ûȎj? ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû =bh ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
h
h
l
h
i
ğ q h
ü
q h
i Ģ hûh
i m
źŹȩ ƅ ĵųh j ķ ^źŎi Kh űû Ÿ;h ĵŁh
ĵŪɆŋj Ŧbh AźiķŊŬ ĵŪɆŋj Ŧ űû Źi ŏi ŧŵ= c
l h x
i l
h i h ğh l
h i û
űğ Ȫ AźųĠ Ŕh bh Aźųi šh ȯ ĹŶh ļjû Ŧ `źȲĻ ƅɁ Aźm ĸi jŏńh bh ͇ `źŰļi ŪȬh
h hĻ
i ğ ‹bh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk xǞjĿŬh l AźųĠ Ŕh bh l Aźųi ȭh űğ Ȫi űû Źžû hŰŠh Ĭ
i ğ ‹ Bĵ
Ĭ
ô
j
h i
i hğ ğ lmi h h ğ h h h û hh
i ŕj hķ
`j? Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŋŧȱ ʼnŪů ͈ `źŰųh šû Ȭh ĵųh j ķ ü Ǟ
źh Ÿ Ĭ‹
l i i û h h û m h h i hû h hh hhû h i û i hû
Abʼnĸȭ‹ ŮŽj;ĢʴŎj? ƴj ĸŠɔ Ńž jŏųɉ‹ ^ĵũb ðűɆŋɊ ŴȨ‹ Ńž jŏųɉ‹
surely, what was sent down to yousg from your Lord
will increase many of them in exceeding all limits
and in denial. And We cast between them enmity
and hatred until the Day of Resurrection. Whenever
they kindle a fire of war, Allah extinguishes it. And
they rush about in the land spreading corruption,
and Allah does not love corrupters. 65 And had the
People of the Scripture attained faith and been
mindful (of God), We would surely have remitted
their evil deeds and entered them into the Gardens
of Bliss. 66 And had they established the Torah and
the Gospel and what was sent down to them from
their Lord, they would surely have eaten from above
them and from beneath their feeta. Among them is
a moderate community, but (regarding) many of
them—evil is what they do. 67 O Messenger,
proclaim what was sent down to you from your
Lord; but if you do not, then you will not have
proclaimed His messageb, for Allah safeguards you
from mankind. Indeed, Allah does not guide the
denying people. 68 Saysg, “O People of the Scripture,
you have no basis until you establish the Torah and
the Gospel and what was sent down to you from
your Lord.” But most surely what was sent down to
yousg from your Lord will increase many of them
in exceeding all limits and in denial, so do not be
sorry for the denying people. 69 Indeed, those who
have attained faith and those who have Judaized
and the Sabians and the Christians—whoever has
attained faith in Allah and the Last Day and has
acted righteously—then no fearc shall be upon
themd, nor shall they grieve. 70 We very truly took
a pledge from the Children of Israel and We sent to
them messengers; whenever a messenger came to
them with what their (inner) selves did not desire, one
group they disbelieved, and another group they
kille. 71 And they thought that there would be no
trial, so they turned blind and deaf. Then Allah
granted them repentance and accepted it from
them; then (again) many of them turned blind and
deaf. But Allah is All-Seeing of whatever they do.
Most surely, those who said, “Allah is the Christ,
72
son of Mary,” have denied (faith), for the Messiah
Literally ‘legs’.
Nafie, Ibn ʻAmer, Shuʻba, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . His messages . . .”
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . then no fear shall ever be upon them, nor shall they grieve.”
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
e
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense. Using present tense for an old practice emphasizes that it was a
tradition frequently practiced.
a
Qb
78
PART 6. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
ğ û ûi h iğ û i ğh h kh hğ
i ğ _h ŋğ ńh ʼnû Ūh ȯh jĬĭ
Ĭ‹
j ķ ]Ǭ
j ȹ ŴŲ ÿŷŵj? ðűȲɅKb ȗj K Ĭ‹
h
ğ h h i ğ i Š h û h h h ğ hû û h h
h = Ŵjû Ų ǻ
h ųjۊɾŰj
͉ pKĵŕŵ
ɉ ĵŲb ð Kĵȍ‹ ŷƊbįŲb ĹŶƠ‹ jŷžŰŠ
j
h
h hh i h hğ ğ lmi h h ğ h h h û hğ
`j? Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŋŧȱ ʼnŪů
ŷg Š ɧj? Ŵjû Ų ĵŲh bh ˎ pĹĿŠʄľ Ľj ůĵľ Ĭ‹
ğ
l
h
i
h ih ğ h ih h ûğ
x h x h mğ
h ȑ‹ Ŵğ ŏğ ųh hȎ `ź
ŴŽj
ɉźŪȬ ĵųȭ AźŹļȿŽ űů `˯ ʼnj
ô ńŠɩ ŷŠɧj? ƅj?
h f h h û iû l hh
ğ h h i ih hhh
ļȬ ƆŦ= ͊ űf Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ űŹŶjŲ Abŋi ŧȱ
jĬ‹ Ǔj? `źɅź
û
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ÿô ŷi hŵbŋi jŧŤû ļh ŏû h ȹbh
x ńKğ Kź
Ŵi Ȩ‹û Ńi ž jŏųh ɉ‹ ĵŲğ ͋ űžj
i i
x ih ğ hhûh
û Űh Ňh ʼnû hũ ^ź
Ġ jŷjŰĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ ĺ
ÿŷi ŲĠ =bh ŮŎi ŋɉ‹
ŎK ƅj? űɆŋɊ
û
h
h
h
h h x h k
i h h ğ
i
i k hȼiŵ ťh žû Ŭ ŋû Şŵ‹
űi Źi ɉ ǻ
j
ñ _ĵšśů‹ `j ƆȱįhŽ ĵŵǽ ð ĹŪŽjʼnŔ
j
h
h
ğ
i
û
h
i
i
h iiûh
h
ûi Š û i ğ
h
i
`b
Ɂ ŋŞŵ‹ űȪ ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹
j I ŴjŲ `bʼnĸšȩɁ Ůũ ͌ `źŭŦİŽ ƭ
i h i ûh h h ğ
ğ źh Ÿi Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh ô ĵšq ŧû ȫh ƅh bh ˊǰ
i ųj ŏɉ‹
kq h űû Ȳ
şž
ů ūj ŰųȬ ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹
l iûh h h û hûh h ûi
i
h û Ȯh űû Ȳj
i Űšh ûů‹
Ģ Ůũ ͍ űžj
Ǟ
ŶŽjI Ǎj AźŰŤȩ ƅ Ķ
j Š ɮjŭů‹ ŮŸįʑ
l Ġ h hh iûh
l Ġ h h h m û h l ğ h h hû
AźŰŗ=b ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ AźŰŗ ʼnû ũ ˉp źû ũ ;h Aźh Ÿ= Aźm ši j ĸȽĻ ƅbh Ũj k ơ‹
l i h h h ğ h i
ğ mh h h l Ġ h h q h
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ŵšj ů ͎ Ůž
j j ȼŏɉ‹ j;AźŎ ŴŠ AźŰŗb ˊǞjĿŬ
h Ģh û m h ü
h i h
h Šbh Iÿ
h Š h h ŮŽj
űô h Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵj ûķ‹ ƿɀj
bAI `ĵ
;ʴŎj? ƴj ķ ŴŲj
j ŏj ɉ ȇ
l i h l h
h
h h h h l i h
h h
`źû ŸĵŶh ȽhŽ ƅ Aźŵǽ ͏ `bʼni ļh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽbğ Aźŕh Š ĵųh j ķ ūj ɉŠə
h ih ûh l i h h h û h i ihh h Ġ h
q j ĿŬh c
Š ŋh hĻ ͐ `ź
ˊǞ
ŰšŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ ōȻjȊ ôaźŰšȯ ŋp ŭŶŲ ŴŠ
h û h ğh h h û h l ih h
h ȑ‹ğ `h źû ůğ źh ļh Ȭh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk
űû Źi ɉ ĺ
Ųʼnũ ĵŲ ōȻjȊ Abô ŋŧȱ ŴŽj
h hû h û ûh h iğ h h h û i i i h
h i Šh û i
`bȒ
j ɗ űŸ BA
Ŋ
j Ŏ `= űŹŏŧŵ=
j šů‹ ȝj b űŹj žŰŠ Ĭ‹ řň
i
h
h mhh k ğ h ğ
h i ûi l i h ûh h
ĵŲh jŷûȎj? ^Ōŵ
=
ĵ
Ų
b
Ʊ
ȍ‹
b
Ĭĭ
ķ
`ź
ŶjŲİŽ Aźŵǽ źɉb ͑
j
j
j
jj
h
h
m h i i hğ
h i h
q j ĿŬ Ŵğ Ȳ
͒ `źŪ jŏŠɤ űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ˊǞ
j Š ɧbh ;h ĵȎh j bû = űû ŸbŊƛ‹
h
h
h i h û l i h h h ğ k q h Šh h
h ȑ‹ğ bh Iź
ğ ʼnğ őh = `ğ ʼnh łhȋø
j ȍ‹
ŴŽj
ŹȎ‹ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȓj ů CbɵŠ Mĵ
j
lmi h h ğ l i h h h ğk qğ h ğ ih hûh ğ h hh h l i h û h
Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȓj ů CIźŲ űŹɅŋũ= `ʼnł
j ȋb Aźð ȡǨ=
h
h û i ğhh q h û i h h
ğ h h Š hŠ h h ğ
ƅ űŹȫɁb ĵȫĵĸŸKb ǻ jŏɀŏjj k ũ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų `įjķ ūj ɉŠ ə c
ô ŋɻŵ ĵŵj?
i
h
l
h
m
h
h i û h ûh
h Aźši ųŎh AJ˯ ͓ `b
i ğ
Ģ ŋh hĻ ^ź
c
=
ĵ
Ų
ǚj ŭļŏȹ
j
j Ŏŋɉ‹ Ǔj? ^Ōŵ
j
(himself) said, “O Children of Israel, worship Allah,
my Lord and your Lord; indeed, whoever associates
with Allah, then surely for him Allah has
forbidden the Garden (of Paradise), and his shelter is
the Fire. And for the unjust there are no supporters.”
Most surely, those who said, “Indeed, Allah is the
73
third of three,” have denied (faith), for there is no god
except one God. And if they do not refrain from
what they say, a painful punishment will very truly
befall those of them who have denied. 74 Will they
not repent to Allah and ask His forgiveness? For
Allah is Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 75 The
Messiah, son of Mary, is no more than a messenger
before whom other messengers had passed away,
and his mother was an unwavering believer; they
both used to eat food. Look how We make the signs
evident for them, then look how they are (still)
averted (from the truth). 76 Saysg, “Do you worship apart
from Allah what possesses for you neither harm nor
benefit, while Allah is the One Who is the AllHearing, the All-Knowing?” 77 Saysg, “O People of
the Scripture, do not exaggerate in your religion
beyond the truth, and do not follow the whims of
people who have already gone astray before and
have led many astray and have (themselves) strayed
off the right way.” 78 Cursed were those who denied
from among the Children of Israel by the very
tongue of David and Jesus, son of Mary. That is
because they disobeyed and used to transgress. 79
They used not to forbid one another from any
deplorable thing they did. Truly miserable is what
they have been doing! 80 Yousg see many of them
taking those who deny as allies. Truly miserable is
what their (inner) selves have put forth for them, that
Allah’s anger fell upon them and in the punishment
they abide. 81 And had they believed in Allah and
the Prophet and in what was sent down to him, they
would not have taken them as allies. But many of
them are defiantly disobedient. 82 You sg will
definitely find that the most severe of mankind in
enmity towards those who have attained faith are
the Jews and those who have associated (others with
God), and you will find that the nearest of them in
(genuine) love towards
those who have attained faith
are those who said, “We are indeed Christians.”
That is because among them are priests and monks,
and because they never act arrogantly. 83 And when
they hear what was sent down to the Messenger,
yousg see their eyes overflowing with tears for what
(others)
79
PART 7. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h i i hû h l i h h ğ
i h û ihi û h
ğ Ŵjh Ų Ŗž
ŴjŲ AźŦŋŠ ĵųjɊ jşŲû Ȑ‹
`źɉźŪȬh ˌŨj k ơ‹
jŧĻ űŹŶžȭ=
h
h
ğ h h hûi û h ğh h mhğh
ûi
h ʼnŹɺů‹
Ŵji Ųİŵ ƅ ĵhȍ ĵŲh bh ͔ ŴŽj
j Š şŲ ĵŶȼļȱĭŦ ĵŶŲA; ĵŶɅK
h
h
h
ğ
h û Ŵjh Ų ĵhŵ;h m ĵŁh ĵŲh bh jĬĭ
şh Ųh ĵŶh ɅĠ Kh ĵŶh ŰjŇʼnû iŽ `= şi ųh śû ȫbh Ũj k ơ‹
jķ
h
hû
l
û
i
h h iğ i ih h h
ğ jû h
ğh
h j ۊɻů‹
dŋj Ə ĺ
_źŪů‹
j
p ŠɰŁ Aźɉĵũ ĵųjķ Ĭ‹ űŹĸŠɒįŦ ͕ ǻŅ
h
û
h
û
m
û ųi ɉ‹ ;i AŌh Łh ūjh ɉŠ əh bh ĵŹžj
h ȿ jŏŅ
h Ȓj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹ ĵŹh j ļûƕ ŴjŲ
ǻ
ô h ȯ ŴŽj
j
h Ģh l i m h Šh l i ğ h h l i h h
h Ŕû h= ū
i Šɳ
h ğ h
Ķ
j Ɍʤb= ĵŶjļɔ˲ AźķŊȡb Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹b ͖
m h Šh k h l i k hi h l i h h h ğ h ĠhĢ h
hû
ĵŲ ĺ
j ɭjžŚ AźɊŋj ƕ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ ͗ űž
j Ņ
j Ơ‹
i h iğ ğh h
h ğ `ğ ? l Abmô ʼni ļh šû ȩh ƅh bh űû Ȳ
hŴŽjʼnļh šû ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi ƅh Ĭ‹
ů Ĭ‹ Ůń=
j
ğ
q
l
h
h
i h h ğ l ii h
h ğ AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ô ĵĸq žk Śh ƆŠʄńh Ĭ‹
i ğ űi Ȳ
m ȑ‹ Ĭ‹
ũLK ĵųjɊ Aźȣb ͘
dj
j
h
ğ
i
h i û i
hi
i
i h=
i ğ űi ȱ
m j źŤû Űɉĭjķ Ĭ‹
`ź
Ŷj
Ų
İ
Ɋ
Āj
ŷ
ķ
ű
ļŵ
Ǎ
Ŋj
Ň
A
İ
Ž
ƅ
͙
j
j
h
û
h
i
ğ
Ġ
hi
i
i Šh ûh
û
h
hð Š ʅh ûŽƁ‹ űi ȩʼnŪȭh ĵųh ķ űȱ
Š
Ŵ
Ŋj
Ň
A
İ
Ž
Ŵ
Ȳ
ɧ
b
ű
Ȳj
ŶʅŽɁ
j
j
h
h h
h
i
h ŭɹ
i šh Śû ? ÿm ŷi iĻŋh Šʁğ ŭ
h h Šh _ĵ
Š h Ųh j CǬ
`źųi šj śû ȩ ĵŲh řj Ŏh bû = Ŵjû Ų ǻj
Ŧ
j
h
h
h û ğ h h hhh i ûh û û iih û û û i
ûh
ƕ
b
=
ű
Ź
ȩ
ź
ŏj
Ŭ
b
=
ű
Ȳžj
Ű
Ÿ
=
Ĺ
ĸ
Ȱ
K
ŋɆ
ŋ
ʼnû ƒ
ű
ů
Ŵ
ų
ȯ
ˌ
p
j
j
h
h
h
ğh h h
ûh
hhh i h h
i
űô û ļi ŧŰńh AJj? űû Ȳj ŶŠʅh ûŽɁ iCŋh ŠʁŬ ūj ɉŠə ˏˉp ĵğŽɁ jĹĿŠʄľ _ĵ
žŕj Ŧ
h
h
i h i ğ i k h i h Šh h û i h Š h û l m i h û h
ĀjŷjļŠɔA;h űû Ȳů Ĭ‹
ǻj ȼŽ ūj ɉɶŬ űô ȲŶʅŽɁ AźŞŧń‹b
h h
û
h i i ûh û i ğhh
h ĵųh ȫğ ? l Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ ͚ `b
ŋŭŒȶ űȲŰšů
ŋi ųû Ƣ‹
j
h
û
ğ
h
h hƁ‹û bh Ǫ
x Łû K űi Š ɧh Lû Ɓ‹bh Bĵ
i ŕŵ
i j ûɀųh û ɉ‹bh
Ŵj Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ Ůj ųh ȭ Ŵjû Ųk ō
j
h
ûi i ğ h
ğ i i hğ
h
û hŦ
`= Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ ʼnɆ
ŋj Ž ĵųȫj? ͛ `źŅji Űŧȩ űû ȲŰšh ů iaźĸi j ȿļh Łĭ
m h û û h hhû
i hû
û û
hû
Ǫ
jj ɀųh ɉ‹bh ŋj ųû Ƣ‹ Ǎj ;h ĵŘŤhȊ‹bh Cbh Š ɵšů‹ űi ȲŶɀhķ şjh ũźiŽ
û
ğ
h û i ğ i hh
ğ ŴŠh bh jĬ‹
i h= Ůû Źh ȯh j CźŠ hŰŕɉ‹
űļŵ
ŋ
Ŭj
ˌ
j J ŴŠ űȱʼnŕɆb
j
h l h û h h i ğ l i hh hğ l i hh
h h Ġ
`jıŦ Abô Ki Ŋń‹
b ^źŎŋɉ‹ AźšžjŚ=b Ĭ‹ AźšžjŚ=b ͜ `źŹi ļŶ
Ų
h
h
û
ğ
û
l
h
h
h
û h û iû hh
i ĸųi ɉ‹ Ţi Š ʄhȊ‹ ĵh jȍźŎi Kh ȇ
Š h ĵųh ȫğ Ɂ Aźm ųi ŰŠĭ
Ŧ űļȎźĻ
ōh ûɀů ͝ ǻ
j
hh
l
l
lm i h h x h i
i
h
h ğ
i h h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
AźųjšŚ ĵųžjȯ GĵŶŁ ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
l ih hğ l hğ ği Šh Š ğ l i h h l ih hğ l hğ h h
AźŶŲA;b AźŪȩ‹ űȪ ĺ
j ɳj Űɻů‹ AźŰųj Šb AźŶŲA;b AźŪȩ‹ ĵŲ AJj?
they recognize of the truth; they say, “Our Lord, we
have attained faith, so write us down with those
who bear witness. 84 And how should we not believe
in Allah and what has come to us of the truth, and
we ardently hope that our Lord will enter us along
with the righteous people (into Paradise)?” 85 So Allah
rewarded them for what they said—Gardens
beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein; and that
is the repayment of those who excel in doing good.
But those who denied and disbelieved in Our
86
signs—those are the fellows of purgatory. 87 O you
who have attained faith, do not prohibit the good
things Allah has made lawful for you, and do not
transgress; indeed, Allah does not love the
transgressors. 88 And eat of the lawful, good things
Allah has provided for you, and be mindful of Allah
in whom you are believers. 89 Allah does not hold
youpl accountable for idle talk involving your oathsa,
but He holds you accountable for your firm binding
of oathsb; so its atonement is by feeding ten destitute
people from the best of what you feed your families,
or by clothing them, or by freeing a slavec. But if
anyone does not find (the means), then fasting for three
days. That is the atonement for (breaking) your oaths
when you have sworn them. So keepd your oaths.
Allah thus clarifies His signs for you, that you may
give thanks. 90 O you who have attained faith, surely
intoxicants and gambling and idolatry and
divination are an abomination of Satan’s work, so
avoid it, that you may be successful. 91 Indeed,
Satan only wants to induce enmity and hatred
among you through intoxicants and gambling, and
to bar you from the Reminder of Allah and from the
prayer; so will you desist? 92 And obey Allah and
obey the Messenger and be cautious, for if youpl
turn away, then know that the only duty of Oure
Messenger is evident proclamation. 93 No sin is
committed by those who have attained faith and
have done righteous deeds regarding what they may
have eaten, provided they become mindful (of God)
and attain faith and do righteous deeds, then
maintain being mindful (of God) and being faithful,
then remain mindful (of God) and excel in doing
Unintended oaths.
Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . for your binding of oaths . . .”
Ibn Zekwan read it as: “. . . for your sustained binding of oaths . . .”
c
Literally ‘a neck’.
d
Literally ‘preserve’.
e
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
a
Qb
80
PART 7. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
h h
û ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
i ğ bh l Aźô Ŷi ŏh ńû h=bğ l AźŪh ȩ‹ğ űğ Ȫi
Ģ ͞ ǻ
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
j
h iğ i i ğhi ûhh l i h h h ğ
ğ Ŵjh Ųk ;ǀ
i i Ŷh ȩh ʼnj žû ŕɉ‹
űȲŵźŰĸȎ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
ÿm Ȕĵ
p û j ȵ Ĭ‹
û
ûh
ii hh h iğ hh û û i i h h û i
ûh
Ķ
ˏ j žŤůĭjķ ÿŷŦĵƞ ŴŲ Ĭ‹ űŰšhȎj űȲńĵŲjKb űȲŽjʼnŽɁ
h h
h f h h ihh h h hûh hhû
Š ʼnļȭ‹ Ŵųh ȯh
Ģ ͟ űx Ȏj = BA
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ŊŠ ÿŷŰŦ ūj ɉŠə ʼnšȨ c
j
ğ
ğ l AźiŰļi Ūû ȩh ƅh l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
i h=bh ʼnh žû ŕɉ‹
iÿŷhŰļh Ȱh ŴŲh bh x_ŋi ńi űû ļŵ
h
ȑ‹
ô
h h
iû m h h qkhhĠ i
i ûh
űi ȲƘ űj šh ğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ůļh Ȱ ĵŲh ŮĿjŲk x;AŌh ł
Ŧ Aʼnųj šļŲ űȲŶjŲ
h
û
h
h
i k û h hh
i šh Śh x Cŋh Šʁğ Ŭ bû = jĹĸh šû ŭů‹ Ţjh ۊɐh ˋühŽʼnû Ÿh űû ȲŶj
Ų ^p ʼnŠ AbJ Ājŷjķ
_ĵ
h
k
h
i
h ih q h
hh
h Šh û h û h h Š h h
û
h
h
ĵŧȭ Ājñaŋj Ɋ= ^ĵɅb \bŊȎj ĵŲĵžŔ
j ūj ɉə ^ʼnŠ b= ǻjŭɹŲ
h
h žh ȯ Ih ȕh Ŵû Ųh bh ťh Űh Ŏh ĵųğ ȭh Ĭ
i ğ űi jŪļȿ
x ŌŠh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ŷô i Ŷjû Ų Ĭ‹
iğ ‹
ŌɆ
ô
j
i
h
h
i h ğ i
û hȊ‹û ʼni žû Ŕh űû Ȳ
i šh Śh bh ŋŅ
ĵšq ŠɮŲh ÿŷi Ųĵ
ů Ůjń= ͠ ˉg ĵŪjļŵ‹ bJ
j
i
khû i û h û i ûh h h k i h h ğ ğ h û i ğ
űû ļi Ųû I ĵŲh ǚ
j ů‹ ʼnžŔ űȲžŰŠ _ŋj ńb ˌjCKĵžŏŰj ɉb űȲů
h i h ûi ûh m ğ hğ l iğ h q i i
h ͡ `b
i ğ Ůh šh Łø
Ĭ‹
Ǭƕ jŷȎj? djȑ‹ Ĭ‹ AźŪȩ‹b ñĵŲŋń
h û
ğ h
ğ ků ĵųq Šɱjh ũ _A
h ŋh ơ‹
h ŋh ơ‹
h žû hȊ‹û Ĺh ĸh šû ŭ
h û ŋh Źû Œɉ‹
hû ĺ
j ŶŰj
b Mĵ
_A
ů‹
h
h
h hû h
û hû h
h ğ `ğ = l Aźm ųi hŰšû ȋh j ūjh ɉŠəh ʼnh Ɍˁ
Ǎj ĵŲh űi Űšû Ȭh Ĭ‹
ô j Ģ Ūů‹b dh ʼnŹɉ‹b
i hğ ğ hh j h û
h h Š ʆh Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ğ
f ŰŠh ;g ƾ
û h Ůk Ȳ
͢ űžj
j
j j ķ Ĭ‹ `=b P˱Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲb D
û
i ʼnőh Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ h=bh BĵŪh jšûů‹ ʼnŽj
h ğ `ğ h= l Aźm ųi hŰŠ‹
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
ͣ űžj
j
h i ğ h i Šh h û ğ
h
i
i ğ hh ğ
ĵŲh bh `bʼni ĸû ȩ ĵŲh űi Űšû Ȭh Ĭ
‹b ñŢʄȊ‹ ƅj? ^ź
j Ŏŋɉ‹ ȇ ĵŲ
ğ i
h i k ğ h i hû
h
û h
źû ɉbh Ķ
žj śů‹b ĽžjĸƢ‹ djźļh ŏû h ȹ ƅ Ůũ ͤ `źųi ļi ȲĻ
h hğ l iğ h
h hh û h
h û iCǜ
h ûůhƁ‹û Ƞbl iįʑ
h û Ŭh ū
Ģ
Š
Ĭ‹
Aź
Ū
ȩĭ
Ŧ
Ľž
ĸ
Ƣ‹
ĸłŠ=
Ķ
ɭ
j
ˏ
j
j
j
l ih ûh h l ih h h ğ hĠh h
h i ûi û i ğhh
Ģ ͥ `ź
AźŰnZŏȶ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
Ņj Űŧȩ űȲŰšů
l
h
i
m ûh h
h
i
h
i û h i
ĵŹh Ŷû ȭ AźŰnZh ŏû ȶ `˯ űû ȱİŏi ȶ űû Ȳů ʼnh ĸû ȩ `j? ;h ĵžh ő= Ŵû ȭ
i h h ûi i h û iû iğhi h
i ğ bh ñĵŹh Ŷû ȭh Ĭ‹
i ğ ĵŧh ȭh űû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
ů ʼnĸȩ `A;ŋŪů‹ ^ǣȬ ǻjń
l i h û h ğ i û i ûh k x ûh hhh h û h
x Űńh Kź
f ŧi Ȯh
AźŅĸŔ= űȪ űȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ _źũ ĵŹɉɂŎ ʼnũ ͦ űžj
h
m h h h
h h
i ğ Ůh šh Łh ĵŲh ͧ ŴɆ
h ŋjŧŠɦ
ƅbh pĹĸh j ɋĵŎh ƅbh p ˅Ǟj
Ɣ Ŵü Ųj Ĭ‹
ĵŹjķ
j
good, for Allah loves those who excel in doing
good. 94 O you who have attained faith, Allah will
most surely test you with something of the game
that your hands and spears reach, that Allah may
know who fears Him, though unseen; so whoever
transgresses after that—then for him is a painful
punishment. 95 O you who have attained faith, do
not kill game while you are consecrating yourselves
to pilgrimage. And whoever of you kills any
intentionally, then a penalty:a the like of what he has
killed of domestic animals, as determined by two
reliable persons from among you—an offering
delivered to the Kaʻbahb —or an atonement: foodc
for (some) destitute people or by fasting an equivalent
number of days, so that he may taste the grievous
consequences of his conduct. Allah has pardoned
what has passed, but whoever reverts, then Allah
will take vengeance on him, for Allah is Almighty,
Capable of vengeance. 96 The game of the sea and
its food have been made lawful for you pl as an
enjoyment for you and for travelers, while the game
of the land has been forbidden for you as long as
you are consecrating yourselves to pilgrimage. And
be mindful of Allah to whom you are herded. 97
Allah has appointed the Kaʻbah—the Inviolable
House—a leverage for mankind, as well as every
inviolable month and the offerings and the
garlanded; all this so that you may know that Allah
knows whatever is in the heavens and whatever is
in the earth, and that Allah is All-Knowing of
everything. 98 Know pl that Allah is Stern in
retribution, and that Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 99 The Messenger’s only
responsibility is proclamation, while Allah knows
what you disclose and what you conceal. 100 Saysg,
“The nasty and the good are not equal, even though
the multitude of the nasty may impress yousg. So be
mindful of Allah, O you people of understanding,
that you may succeed.” 101 O you who have attained
faith, do not ask about things that would trouble you
if disclosed to you. But if youpl ask about them while
the Recitald is being bestowed from on highe, they
will be disclosed to you; Allah has pardoned that,
All except forʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Ya’qub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . intentionally, then the like of what he has
killed of domestic animals (shall do for a penalty) . . .”
b
For the poor.
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . or an atonement of food for (some) destitute people or by fasting . . .”
d
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qe
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . while the Recital is being sent down . . .”
Qa
81
PART 7. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
hh
ȇ
h
űû Źi ɉ
h i h û h l i h h h ğ ğ Šh h h h h h h
`bǛ
ŧȬ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴȲ
j ɧb ˉp ĵń ƅb pĹŰžŔ
j b
h
h
h h
h i
i ih û h h h û ğ
ȱ=b ðBjŊŭů‹ jĬ‹
ŮžjȰ AJ˯ ͨ `źŰjŪšû Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿǜ
h
l
i h
i ğ
iğ hh h m h h lûh h h
ĵŲh ĵŶh iȼŏû ńh Aźɉĵũ ^ź
j Ŏŋɉ‹ Ǔ˯ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵŲ ǓŠ j ? Aźɉĵšȩ
h i im h h h h mh m
hh h
q h h h
ĵnZžû ő `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿ>ĵhķA;h `ǽ źû ɉbh = ô ĵŵ;h ĵhķA;h jŷžû ŰŠ ĵŵʼnû Łh bh
h h
h ihûh hh
i hh l
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ ͩ `b
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ʼnļŹȬ ƅb
h
h
i h
û h ğ h
ğ
i Ġ i h
i
Ž ƅ ðűû Ȳŏh ŧŵ=
jĬ‹ Ǔj? űô û ļi Ȭû ʼnh ļh Ÿ‹ AJj? Ůŗ ŴŲğ űȱǴ
h h q h û i i ûh
h i h i i h
i
Ŭ ĵųjķ űȲĴi j ĸk ȿži ȯ ĵšž
j űȲšŁ
Ʀ
ͪ `źŰųh šû ȩ űû ļŶ
j ŋɊ
h h
h
ğ
l
h
i û h i h Šh h i h h h
i h h h h h
Ġ
h
û
iűȱ
Ģ
ʼnń= Ǵń AJj? űȲj Ŷɀķ Cʼnʇő AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
h
û h
i û
h h h û û i k û h h h Ŷh Ȫ‹û jĹžğ Ŕ
`A
j źh ɉ‹ ǻjń Dźû ųh ɉ‹
j
j ŋŇA; b= űȲŶjŲ ^p ʼnŠ AbJ `ĵ
hû
h hh
i
i h= `û ? űû ȡi Ǟû Ȯh Ŵjû Ų
h h űû ļŵ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû ļi Ʌû ǰ
űȲļû ĸh Š ɞįŦ P˱
j j
h
h
h
û
ûh
ğ
h ŕj ŲĠ
h i
h i h i û ˏ j źû ųh û ɉ‹ Ĺi ĸž
`ĵ
j ų jŏŪžȯ j CźŠ Űŕɉ‹ ʼnj šȨ Ŵü Ųj ĵųŹȫźŏjȼƕ D
h h ûi h h h ûh h qh h
h ûh h û iûhû
ğ
Š ŋũ AJ `ǽ źɉb ĵŶųȪ Ājŷjķ dǛ
ƅbh ȗ
j Œȸ ƅ űļȼĻK‹ `j j ? jĬĭjķ
ğ h h Šh h i i û h
h ųjľ˖‹ Ŵh ųğɉ AJq ? m ĵȫğ ? jĬ‹
h j Ši `û ıhŦ ͫ ǻ
Ģhh ǜ
ȇ
Cʼnʇő űļȲŵ
j
j j j
j
h nh h q û m ğ h h û h i ğ h
h Ūh Ųh `ĵŲź
h Ūi Ȭh `Aŋh Ňĵ
h ȑğ ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĵųh Źi Ɋĵ
ŴŽj
ZŦ ĵųľj? ĵŪŅļŎ‹ ĵųŹȫɁ
j
j
h
m i hh ğ
h ļh Ŏ‹
û
h jŏŪû ži ȯh ŴŠɱh hůbû hƁ‹û űi Źžû hŰŠh Ũğ Ņ
ŨĠ ńh = ĵŶh ȩʼnh Š ʇh Œɉ jĬĭjķ `ĵ
ų
j
j
j
ğ h ğ q m ğ m h û h h û h h h h Šh h
h ųj ۊɾů‹
ͬǻ
Ŵųj ɉ AJj? ĵȫj? ĵŶȬʼnļȭ‹ ĵŲb ĵųŹj j Ļʼnʇő ŴjŲ
j
h
ğ l i û h h Ģ h û h h Šh
ğ i l i hh h m
Š h h j Cʼnh Š ʇh Œɉĭ
Iŋh Ļ `= Aźm Ŧĵƞ bû = ĵŹh Źj Łû bh ȇ
j ķ AźĻɂŽ `= ƭI= ūj ɉə
h
h
û bh Ĭ‹
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh űû ŹjŶŠʅh ûŽɁh ʼnh šû Ȩh Ŵ
i ğ bh l Aźñ ši ųh Ŏ‹
ü i Š ʅh ûŽɁ
djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
ñ j
mh h i ihh h i Ġ iğ i h ûh h ûh
h Ū jŏŠʁh ûů‹ _h źû Ūh ûů‹
AJĵŲ ^źŪžȯ ŮŎŋɉ‹ Ĭ‹ şųƒ _źŽø ͭ ǻ
j
h
h
û
h
û
l i h ûiû i
û
h ğ mh h
h =ū
i Ťi ů‹ űi Š ʄğ Šh ĺŵ
ð
Jj? ͮ Bź
ž
ŵ
?
ĵ
ȍ
ű
Űj
Š
ƅ
Aźɉĵũ ðűļĸŁ
j
j =
j
hŠ h h h û h h
h
i
û
h
ğ
h šŠɔh Ĭ‹
ȇb ūžŰŠ Ʋj ųh šjû ŵ ŋû ŬJ‹ űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵh Ȩ‹û ƿɀ
j i ^ĵũ
iû j i h Ġ ğh û h h Šh
h i
h ğȍ‹ űji kŰȲ
Ǎj Mĵ
Ļ Mj ʼni Ūů‹ Gb
ŋjķ ūĻʼnŽɁ Jj? ūj ĻȐj ɩ
û
q h
û
û
û
h ğ h hh
h iûğh û
h Šɮjh ŭů‹ ū
ŊƊKh źû ȋ‹
b Ĺųŭj ơ‹bh Ķ
ļųŰŠ J˯ ð ƆŹû ȡbh ʼnj Źû ųh ɉ‹
û h
û
h
û ğ
hûhh
k
iiûh û
ƭj JjıjȨ Ǟ
j Ŵjh Ų ŨŰƛ J˯ ð ŮžƑ
j ƃ‹
j śů‹
j b
j śů‹ jĹnZžŹŬ ǻ
for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Clement. 102 Surely,
some people before you asked (about) them, then of
them they became deniers. 103 Never did Allah
institute (the superstitions of): the ear-slit she-camel or
the free-grazing she-camel or the successive
female-bearing cattle or the protected ten-sire
camel. But those who denied fabricate lies against
Allah, and most of them do not reason. 104 Thus
when it is said to them, “Come to what Allah has
sent down and to the Messenger,” they say,
“Sufficient for us is what we found our forefathers
upon.” What if their forefathers knew nothing and
were not guided? 105 O you who have attained faith,
you are responsible for your (inner) selves; he who
has strayed cannot harm you if you are guided. To
Allah is your return, all of you, so He may inform
you of what you used to do. 106 O you who have
attained faith, when death approaches one of you,
let two reliable persons from among you act as
witnesses to the making of the bequest, or two
persons from another people if you are traveling in
the land and the calamity of death afflicts you.
Summonpl them after the prayer so that they swear
by Allah—if you have doubts— (saying): “We will
not purchase, in exchange for ita, any price, even if
it were a relative, and we never conceal Allah’s
testimony; we would then most surely be of the
sinners.” 107 So if it is discovered that both of them
are guilty (of perjury), then two others deserve to take
their place from among those responsibleb for the
claim—the two most concerned—and have them
swear by Allah, “Our testimony is more truthful
than their testimony, and we have not transgressed;
we would then most surely be of the unjust.” 108 That
makes it more likely that they give the right
testimony, or else have fear that their oaths might
be contradicted by subsequent oaths. So be mindful
of Allah and listen. For Allah does not guide the
defiantly disobedient people. 109 On the day when
Allah gathers the messengers, then says, “What
response were you given?” They saidc, “We have
no knowledge; indeed, it is You Who are the Superb
Knower of the hidden realms.” 110 When Allah said,
“O Jesus, son of Mary, recall My blessing upon you
and upon your mother when I aided you with the
Our testimony.
All except for Hafs read it as: “. . . from among those who were given the responsibility of the claim—the two . . .”
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
a
Qb
82
PART 7. THE TABLE SPREAD
Surah 5- Al-Mâ’idah
û
û hû i ûih
i i hh
üh û h i i h h h
ŷh ųh ȱƁ‹ @ǚ
j ȩb ˌƭj JjıjȨ ˊǞŚ `źŭļȯ ĵŹžjȯ ņŧŶļȯ
hû
û
û Šh û h û i û i û
û
i ŧû ŧh Ŭh J˯
m j hķ ĺ
ƴ
źųɉ‹ Fŋj ƛ J˯ ˌƭj JjıjȨ Oh ŋh ûķƁ‹bh
ˌƭj JjıjȨ Ș
l ihh h ğ h hh
h h h Ģh û
h û
h û Jû ? ūŶ
Š ŮŽj;ʴŎj?
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵŪȯ ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊĭjķ űŹi ļĴŁ
j j
ğ
h i û h ûh û
û Ŏ ƅ? m AŊh Šɪh `û ? űû Źi Ŷjû Ų
x ĸŲĠ ŋx Ņj
Ǔj? ĺžńb= J˯ ͯ ǻ
j
j
j
h
l
l
i
h
û
i ŋh Ʌbh ƪ AźŶji ŲA;h `û = Ŵh āZɆk KAźh ơ‹
hû
ʼnû Źh ő‹bh ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h Aźm ɉĵũ Ƞź
Ŏ
j j
j
jj
h Ġ h hû h h û
h i û i hğh
h šŠɔh `ź
hűɆh ŋû Ɋh Ŵh Ȩ‹û ƿɀ
ɆjKAźơ‹ ^ĵũ Jj? Ͱ `źųj ŰŏɊ ĵŶȫɂjķ
j
h h m h ğ h k q h m h hûh h hkhi h h Ġh i h ûh ûh
^ĵũ ˌj;ĵųŏɉ‹ ŴjŲ CʼnjɋĵŲ ĵŶžŰŠ ^ǣ
j Ȭ `= ūɅK şžśj ļŏȹ ŮŸ
û
h
l
i
hi ğ
i Ŭi `? Ĭ‹
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ űļŶ
i ŋiŵ Aźɉĵhũ ͱ ǻj
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ
Ůȱįŵ `= ʼnɆ
j
j
h i hh hhû h h ûh h hh ûhh hi ii ğ h ûhh hû
`źȲŵb ĵŶļȰʼnŔ ʼnũ `= űŰšȫb ĵŶɅźŰũ ŴjɌųśȩb ĵŹŶjŲ
ğ
ğ h hûh h
h Š ^ĵh hũ Ͳ ŴŽj
h ʼnŹɺů‹
ŴjŲ ĵŹžŰŠ
űğ Źi Űɉ‹ űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵi Ȩ‹û ƿɀj
jŠ
h i i h m ğ h k q h m h hûh h û h mhğh
q
Aʼnžjȭ ĵhȍ `źȲĻ ;j ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ CʼnjɋĵŲ ĵŶžŰŠ ^Ōŵ
j = ĵŶɅK
h
h k qh h h h h h h ğh k
ğ Ǟ
h ȰLŠɷů‹
h =bh ĵŶh Ȱû Li K‹
û bh ū
i û Ňh ĺŵ
ǻj
ð ŶjŲ ĹŽA;b ĵŵŋjj ŇA;b ĵ jȍbƁj
j
h i h h ikh i k iğ h h
iû
ʼni šû Ȩh ŋû ŧȲhŽ Ŵųh ȯ ðűû Ȳžû ŰŠ ĵŹh ɉjǣ
Ų ƭj j ? Ĭ‹ ^ĵũ ͳ
h
i
k h mğ
k h i mk h û i
h h
q
Ŵjh Ųk Aʼnńh = ÿm ŷi iķjŊŠ= ƅ ĵķAq ŊŠ ÿŷi iķjŊŠ= ƭ
j j ıŦ űȲŶjŲ
h
ğ h h û
h šŠɔh Ĭ‹
h h hû
h Űû iũ ĺŵ
h =;h űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵh Ȩ‹û ƿɀ
ĺ
j i ^ĵũ J˯ ʹ ǻųj ۊɿů‹
i ğ
h h û i h h ğ
û h Šh h k i h
i
j ŶŰjğ ɉ
ĸŎ ^ĵũ ðjĬ‹ `b
I
Ŵj
Ų
ūŶh Šɳ
ǻ
j
j Źɧj? Ǖj =b Țb
j Ŋjƛ‹ Mĵ
ûi i i
h ih û h m i i h h
h
ÿŷi ļi Űũ ĺŶ
Ŭ `j? Ũˏ kg hƔj Ǔj ōh ûɀů ĵŲh ^źũ= `= Ǔ
j `źȲŽ ĵŲ
h
h
ûh
h ûh
h ih û m h
h ihûh ihû h û hh
ôū jŏŧȫ Ǎj ĵŲ űŰŠ= ƅb ƿj ŧȫ Ǎj ĵŲ űŰšȩ ÿô ŷļųj ŰŠ ʼnŪȯ
h h m ğ h i ûi h
h ğ
h h= ū
i Ťi ûů‹ űi Š ʄğ Šh ĺŵ
ƴj Ļŋû Ɋh = ĵŲh ƅj? űû Źi ɉ ĺ
Űũ ĵŲ ͵ Bź
ž
ŵj?
j
h
l
h
i
û
q h
h i h û i ğh h kh hğ
ȡb űô ȲɅKb ȗj K Ĭ‹ Abʼni ĸi ȭ‹ `j = mĀjŷjķ
AʼnžŹj ő űû Źj žû ŰŠ ĺŶ
h h h ğ h h h i hûğhh ğhh û
i Ųû Ii ĵŲğ
űô û Źj žû ŰŠ Ķžj
Ȱŋɉ‹ ĺŵ= ĺŶŬ ƴj ȽžȯźĻ ĵųŰŦ ðűŹj žjȯ ĺ
k i Šh h h h h
ğ h ûk hi
h i
f Źőh ;p ƾ
û h ȁ
ĺŵ=b
ð]Iĵĸjh Š űû Źi ȫjıŦ űû Źi ȨjŊšȩ `j? Ͷ ʼnž
j
j ȇ
h
û
û
h
h
h ğ h û i û ûh
h =ū
i ğ ^ĵhũ ͷ űžj
i ŭơ‹
i Ōšh ů‹ ĺŵ
h ŌɆ
Ĭ‹
ŵjıŦ űŹɉ ŋjŧŤȩ `˯
j
hû x ğ h û i h û i i û h Š ğ i h h i û h h h
ŴjŲ dŋj Ə ĺŠɰŁ űŹɉ űô ŹȰʼnŔ
j ǻjȰʼnj ɻů‹ şŧŶŽ _źŽ AŊŠɪ
holy spirit, (making) you speak to people while in the
cradle and in the prime of manhood; and when I
taught you the Scripture and wisdom and the Torah
and the Gospel; and when you createa from clay the
shape of birdsb, by My leave, then breathe into it so
it becomes birdsc, by My leave; and when you heal
the born-blind and the leper, by My leave; and when
you bring out the dead, by My leave; and when I
restrained the Children of Israel from you when you
brought them the evident proofs. But those who
denied among them said, `This is nothing but
evident sorceryd.’” 111 And recall when I revealed to
the disciples: “Believe in Me and in My Messenger.”
They said, “We have attained faith, so bear witness
that We are certainly Muslimse.” 112 And recall
when the disciples said, “O Jesus, son of Mary, canf
your Lord bestow upon us from on highg a table
spread (with food) from heaven?” He said, “Be
mindful of Allah, if you are believers.” 113 They
said, “We want to eat from it, and so that our hearts
are serene, and to know that you have told us the
truth, and to be of its witnesses.” 114 Jesus, son of
Mary, said, “O Allah, our Lord, send down for us
a table spread (with food) from heaven to be a feast for
us, for the first of us and the last of us, and a sign
from You. And provide for us, for You are the Best
of providers.” 115 Allah said, “Indeed, I shall bestowh
it upon youpl from on high, but whoever of you
denies thereafter, then I shall indeed punish him
with a punishment the like of which I never punish
anyone of (My creation in) all realms.” 116 And recall
when Allah said, “O Jesus, son of Mary, did you say
to mankind, ‘Take me and my mother as two gods
apart from Allah?’” He said, “Highly Exalted are
You! It is not for me to say what I have no right to.
Had I said it, You would have known it. You know
whatever is within my (inner) self, and I do not know
whatever is within Your Self. You are indeed the
Superb Knower of the hidden realms. 117 Never did
I tell them except what You commanded me: that
you shall worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
it as: “. . . the shape of a bird . . .”
Abu Jaʻfar read
Qc
Nafieʻ, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . so it becomes a bird . . .”
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . an evident sorcerer.”
e
The Arabic word used is Muslimoon which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
Qf
Al-Kesa’i read it as: “. . . can you (ask) your Lord (to) . . .”
Qg
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . can your Lord send down to us . . .”
Qh
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “Indeed, I shall send it down to you, but whoever . . .”
a
Qb
83
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
l i h h û iû h iğ h ğ qhh m h h Šh i hûh û h ûh
AźŗKb űŹŶȭ Ĭ‹ ǂj K ðˑʼnķɁ ĵŹžjȯ ŴŽjȒj ɗ ŋŠʇŵƁ‹ ĵŹjļƕ
l i h h h h ğ û i û h i û i iğ h ğ ğ q h h m h h û h i Š h û i h h û h û h h i û û h h
i ĵŹžj
Aźj ŗ
űŹŶȭ
ǂ
Š ʆŠKʅbŏɉ‹
ȭ
Şj šȯů‹ŴŽjLȒj źû ɗ
ŧů‹ ŋŠʇūjŵƁ‹
ɉŠə ĵŹŷô j ļŶƕ
D
ūŰĬ
Ɋ ‹ jĬ
j j K͸ðˑʼnķɁűž
û
û
û
h
h
û
h
h
ğ
h
i i i h û h k i i Š h hh i h iğû
h h ğ ū
i Ŷȭh h
h bh ɉŠP˱
ŷ
ə
űž
Ş
š
ů‹
L
ź
ŧ
ů‹
ūj
D
ŰɊʼnũjĬ
j
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ô
j
͹ ü ŋŽj
ȇ
ź
Ÿ
b
Ŵ
Ź
žj
ȯ
ĵ
Ų
Ɓ‹b
p;j ƾ͸ȁ
ô
j
j
hû h
h
k
h
i
h
h
i
h Ÿbh Ŵğ Źžjȯ ĵŲh bh P˱
i ʼnũ p;ƾ
û ȁȇ
Š
j
͹ ü ŋŽj
ź
Ɓ‹b
ô j
j
And I was a witness over them as long as I was
among them, but when You took me up, You
became the Watcher over them, and You are
Witness over everything. 118 If You punish them,
they are Your servants; but if You forgive them, You
are the Almighty, the All-Wise.” 119 Allah said,
“This is the daya when the truthful benefit from
their truthfulness.” For them are Gardens beneath
which rivers flow, abiding therein forever. Allah
became well pleased with them, and they became
well pleased with Him. That is the great triumph.
To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens
120
and the earth and whatever lies in them, and He is
All-Powerful over everything.
h ih i
hû
ˉj ĵšȫ
ƁA CKź
Ŏ ˿
h
û
i
h
ğ ˿
ğ h ŎjiĬ‹
ˉj ŋɉ‹
ĵğ šȫ
ƁA
Kź
űžj
˵Cŋɉ‹
ƈ
j ń
ğ
ğ ˵
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
ŋɉ‹
ğ ğ i û hû
h
hh h h h hû h
h
h
h
h
ğ
ŮšŁb P˱Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ŨŰŇ djȑ‹ jĬj ʼnųơ‹
h h h h h i û h h h û û h k l Š h Š hh h ğ h h h ğ h ğ i h ğ Ġ h ğ ih iû h Ġ û
Ů
b ɉjʼnP˱
Ũȑ‹
ŰŇ űȪdjð Kź
ȑ‹ȍ‹bjĬj ĺ
ơ‹
j Abʆŋi ʅŧŏɉ‹
̂šŁ`ź
šȬ Ɓ‹
űŹj bj Ʌŋh j ķD
ȱ ŴŽj
j Š ʅʼnųŰŞů‹
h i q û h h h û k h h h l ğ i h h h kğ ğ i i h h h Ġ h h Š ğ h i Ġ h i
x h h`ź
̂
ʼnšŁȬ = űDŽ
Źj Ģ j Ʌŋjķũ AbűŋȪŧȱ
ŴŽjȑ‹ űȪ Kźȍ‹b ĺʅŰŞů‹
ǻj
Ů
Ł=bh ðɉjƆ
p Ś ŴjŲ űȲð ŪŰŇ djj ȑ‹ źŸ
h
h
ğ hi
q
x
ih ğ i h h h i h
h Śi h Ŵjû hŲk û űi Ȳ
ğ Ģ h h hũi h űğ Ȫi ǻj
ğ ð ƆŁhǍ= Ĭ‹
iDŽ
ĝ ŏhźŸŲĠ
Ůj Łh Š ʆh =Š ʅbhh ŏɉ‹
Ū
Ű
Ň
dj
ȑ‹
p
D
ź
Ÿ
b
̃
`b
Ǜ
ų
ȩ
ű
ļŵ
=
ű
Ȫ
ÿ
a
ʼnŶj
Š
ǖ
ð
j
h h h i h û û i h û ğ i h iğ h i û h i h h û ĝ h Ġh
ğû h Ǎh Ĭ‹
i ğ i h û źh h Ÿi h bh û ̃
i h û `b
h j Š ʆhi Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
D
ȩ űǦ
ļŵj = űűŰȪšÿȬð aʼnŶj
ǖŏ
j
j Š Ɓ‹
`źĸ jŏȲĻ ĵŲ űŰšɆb űȡŋŹŁbǛűųȱ
P˱
ȝj Ųb
h
û
h
i
h
h h û i h l û i h h ğ i û û k h h h û h û h h h û k û i h hğ û i k û h û h h h h
ĸ jŏAźȲ
űj ȡŠ ɔA
ŋŹ;ŁŴj
b Ųűȱ
jb
; j ŴjűŲŰűšȬŹj žjP˱
ȩįj Ļ Ɓ‹
ĵŲb ȝ̄
ĵ`ź
Ź Ŷȭ
ŵǽĻ ĵƅŲj ?űűŰŹj šj ɅɆKb ĺ
pĹŽAǦ
û
h l i û h i h ğ m h û k ğ h h k Š h ûh h û l k i ğ h h h û û h k h
hh h h û i
ĵ[
Źh h Ŷû źû ȭŏh AźhŦ ŵǽ
Źj žjȩįǻ
Ļ ĵŗ
Ųj bŋš̄Ų
ɔA;j ķ ŴjAźŲķŊpĹŽAŬ; ʼnŴjŪŲȯ ű̅
jŨj ơĭ
űŸƅ
;ĵj ?ŁűŹj ĵj ɅųKɉ ĺ
j
h h û h l h û i h m h h hğ h k h û û h û h l i ğ l h i h û h h h l i h h
ûû
ûȱ
ûŗ
ųɉ ;i ŨŌj Źơĭ
ķ ȹ Aź
ķj ķŊAź
ŬŵǽʼnŪĵŲȯ Aİ̅ʪ˩
źŏAŦbû ŋh űhŽ Ÿűû ;ɉɁĵŁ̆ ĵ`b
ǻ
j Źj ŋj žjȩšįŲi hŽ
Ģ
j
ű[
ļ
ŏ
Āj
ŷ
=
ű
j
hû i i ğ ğ û ğh û h û h l k i h h û lh i Ģ h h h û û h û û h
h h l û h h h û hû h
ûűû h ȱ
ŋj Ž űƁ‹ɉɁ ̆
ŴjŲ = ĵűŶŭŹj žjŰȩŸįŽ=
űɉ ĵŲ AbP˱
Ǎj ű`b
ŹŠɰ;Ōj ŭŹŲļŏ`p ȹ ŋĀjũŷjķŴjAźŲŵǽűŹj ĵj ŰŲĸȰAİʪ˩
hû
hû û h
û h û ih
ğ
i ŴjŲğ ĵŶh kŭ
ğ ŋû hũ ĵŴjŶh ûŰŲk Ŏh Kűû h=Źj bh j Űĸû űû Ȱh Ȳ
hKʼnjû Ųk Ǎj űűŹû žû Źi hۊɰŠğ h ŭ;h Ųğ m ĵųh `p ŏɉ‹
jˊKAq Ɓ‹
űĵŶh ɉŰšh ĵŲŁh bh P˱
ů ŴȲ
j ŰųŸh ȫ=
j
û h h h h q h û i k i û h h h û h m û h h h ğ h ûû h h û h h û i û ğ h k h û h h û i
ĵĵhŶŵh ɂŰŒȸ
šŁ=bbh ˊűû KAŹKɅźʼnjŵŲŊķűŹűj žŹi ۊɰŠŭ;ŰĵŸųįŏɉ‹
ȲŋƏ
ů Ŵh Ȳ
j ųȫ
Ŧ űû Źĵj ŶļŰƕŎKŴj=bŲ űd
j ŋŠʇŵhƁ‹û
ûh h h j j i i j û h û h û h h j û h
h û h ŋûh Š ʇh h ûŵü Ɓ‹
h û h Űh ŸįŦ űû h Źj j ļƕh h ŴjŲe û d
h h û Źj h j Ʌźû h ŵŊh j ķ h űŹiğ Šɰ
ĵŵj ɂŒȸ
Ÿʼnj šȨ ŴŲj
źɉb ̇ ŴɆŋj ŇA; ĵŵŋũ ŋj űjû Ə
Ǎ
ĵĸq Šɮj=bŬűū
žŰŠ ĵȍŌŵ ŭ
û
h
h
h
h
h û h h h h h ğ h ğ û h h h h û h h û h i e û i h hû h û h h ü û
m Ǎh Š h ĵĸq Šɮjh û Ŭ l ū
šp Ȩ ŚŴŋjŲj ũ
ḃ
Š ĵȍŴŽŌȑ‹
AŊj ɪ `j? Abm ŋi žŧŰȱ
jŵ źɉ^ĵ
Ūů űŴɆŹj ŽjjŋʼnŇA
Žɂj;ķ aźĵŵŋŏũųűjŰŦŸʼnj Mĵ
m h Šh û lm i h h h ğ h hh û ûh i i h h h
h
AŊ
ɪ `j? Abŋŧȱ ŴŽȑ‹
j ^ĵŪů űŹj ŽjʼnŽɂjķ aźŏųŰŦ Mĵ
p Śŋjû ũ
6. Livestock
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
All praise be to Allah, Who created the heavens
1
and the earth and made the darkness (es) and the
light; thereafter those who have denied equate
(others) with their Lord. 2 It is He Who created youpl
from clay, then decreed a term, and a term stated
by him, yet you are in doubt. 3 And He is Allah in
the heavens and in the earth; He knows yourpl secret
and whatever you say aloud, and He knows
whatever you earn. 4 And not one of theirb Lord’s
signs comes to them but they disregard it. 5 For
surely they disbelieved in the truth when it came to
them, but soon there will reach them the news of
what they used to ridicule. 6 Have they not seen how
many generations We annihilated before them? We
had established them in the earth more firmly than
We established you, and We sent the sky upon them
plentifully and We made rivers flow beneath them.
But We annihilated them for their misdeeds and
raised other generations after them. 7 And had We
bestowed upon yousg a scripture from on high on
parchment and they had touched it with their hands,
those who have denied would have said, “This is
nothing but evident
sorcery.” 8 And they said, “If
only an angel had been sent down on him.” But had
We sent down an angel, the matter would have been
settled, then they would not have been given respite.
Qa
b
Nafieʻ read it as: “Allah said, “This is on the day when the truthful . . .”
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
84
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
h x h
h h h i m hûh l i h h
û Ŏ ƅğ ?
x ĸŲĠ ŋx Ņj
=
ƅ
ź
ɉ
Aź
ɉĵ
ũ
b
̈
ǻ
źû ɉbh ðūŰɊh jŷžû ŰŠ ^Ōŵ
j
j
j
h
h
û
h
û
û
ğ
h
h
q
i
h
i
h
h =
h j Ūů ǾŰɊh ĵhȍŌŵ
ŷi Šɰh Űšh Łh źû ɉbh ̉ `bŋi ŞŶiŽ ƅ űğ Ȫ ŋi Ɋû Ɓ‹ DŽ
û hğ q h h
û
hh
hh q
h
ǾŰɊ
̊ `źŏi j ȼŰhŽ ĵŲğ űŹj žû ŰŠ ĵŶh ŏû ȼh Űɉbh ƆŁi Kh ŷi Šɰh Űšh Ơ
l i h h ğ h h h h ûh k ii h ûi û
hh
Abŋň
j Ŏ ŴŽjȑĭjķ \ĵŅŦ ūj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ Ůp Ŏŋjķ @Ōj ŹļŎ‹ ʼnj Ūůbh
hû
l i
l i h
ûi
h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj AbǞj
P˱
Ŏ Ůũ ̋ `b;i Ōj Źû ļh ŏû h ȹ Ājŷjķ Aźŵǽ ĵŲğ űŹi Ŷjû Ų
k i
h iû ih h h h hûh l i i ğ i
h ȨjŊk ŭ
ĵŲğ Ŵųjh ɉ Ůũ ̌ ǻ
j ųɉ‹ ĹĸjŪŠɢ `ǽ ťžŬ AbŋŞŵ‹ űȪ
hû h
hhûğ
û h Šh h h h h ğk i
h h ğ Ǎ
ô ĹƧŋɉ‹ jŷ jŏŧȫ ȇ ĶļŬ jôĬj Ůũ ˌPj ˱Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
h
h
û
lm i h h ğ
i ğh h û hh
h Ɇû Kh ƅ jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _j źû hŽ ǓŠ ? űû Ȳ
ŶšųłȎ
AbǪj Ň ŴŽjȑ‹ jŷˏ žjȯ Ķ
j
h
ğ
hh
h
h
i h
û
h
Ůj ûȎ‹ Ǎj Ŵh ȲŎh ĵŲh ÿȔi bø
̍ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ űû Źi ȯ űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ=
q i ğ h ğ hû h h ûi
ğ źh Ÿi bh KĵŹh ğȍ‹bh
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
ĵkȎj bh ŊjƛɁ jĬ‹ Ǟ
Ȯ= Ůũ ̎ űžj
ˏj
hû h
km û i i h û i h h i û i h i h
h h ğ ŋjŚĵhŦ
j Ɓ‹b D
ƭj j ? Ůũ ñűšśȬ ƅb űjšśȬ źŸb P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
û i û i
h i h
h i
Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫźȲĻ ƅbh ðűh ŰŎû = Ŵû Ųh ^bğ = `źȱ= `= D
ŋjɊ=
h
i h mk ûi
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹
h Ŋh Šh ȗk Kh ĺ
i žû ŕh Šh `û ? [ĵ
BA
̏
Ň
=
ƭ
?
Ů
ũ
ǻj
j
j
j
j
j
û
h
h
h
h j Kh ʼnû Ūȯ ŊɌŲh źû hŽ ŷi Ŷû ȭ [Dz
h û iŽ ŴŲğ ̐ ˈžŞj Šh ˉźû hŽ
ÿô ŷi Ƨ
pj
g
p
û
û
hh k i iğ h û h û h
i ĸųi ɉ‹ Li źû ŧh ů‹ ūjh ɉŠəh bh
ǻ
ƆŦ Ǵ
ķ
Ĭ‹
ū
ŏ
ŏ
ų
Ȭ
`˯
̑
j
j
p
h
k
h
i
h hih ûh h û h ûh
h Ÿi ƅğ ? ÿm Ȕi h ťjh őǽh
û ȁȇ
ƚ
ū
ŏ
ŏ
ų
Ȭ
`˯
ź
;p ƾ
j
ð
j
j Š ź Źȯ Ǟ
p
û
û
û
h űžj
i ĸƢ‹
x ʼnhũ
i ŭơ‹
h źh Ÿi bh Āj ajIĵĸjh Š \h źû hŦ ŋji ŸĵŪh ů‹ źh Ÿi bh ̒ ŋŽj
Ǟ
j
ô
û h û h Ġ h ûi
i Źőh Ĭ
i ğ ‹ Ůiũ ð Cq ʼnh Š ʇh őh ǚ
ihȱ
ƴj ûɀhķ ü ʼnž
= ;g ƾ d= Ůũ ̓
ð
j
j
i
i
i iû h h h h ih û i hûhh
j =b űô ȲŶɀɅb
Ŵü Ųh bh Ājŷjķ űȡKjh ŊŵƁj `A;h ŋû Ūů‹ AŊŠɪ Ǔğ j ? Ƹb
mğ i Š h û i eh h ğ h h ğh h i h û hh û i ğ h hhh
ƅ Ůũ c
ô ŋŇ= ĹŹj ɉA; jĬ‹ şŲ `= `bʼnŹŒȽů űȲŶjɋ= ôŢŰķ
h i û i ğ k x m h ğ x Š h x Šh h i h ğ û i i h û h
`źȡǬ
j ȶ ĵųjɊ ;dŋj ķ ƴj ŵ˯ ʼnjńɩ ŷɧj? źŸ ĵųȫj? Ůũ ʼnô Źő=
h
h i
h i
h Š ɮjh ŭûů‹ űi Źi Šɰh žû ȩAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ̔
`źŦŋj šû Ȭh ĵųh Ŭ ÿŷi ŵźŦŋj šû Ȭh Ķ
h
i h l i h h ğ òi i h m h û h
û h h
Ŵû Ųh bh ̕ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ űû Źi ȯ űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= Abm Ǫ
j Ň ŴŽjȑ‹ űŸ;ĵŶȨɁ
And had We made him an angel, We would have
made him a man, and We would have confounded
them regarding what they are already confounding.
And most surely (other) messengers before you
10
were ridiculed, but those who mocked them were
surrounded by what they used to ridicule. 11 Saysg,
“Journey pl through the earth, then look what the
outcome was for the disbelievers.” 12 Saysg, “To
whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and the
earth?” Say, “To Allah.” He has prescribed for
Himself mercifulness. He will surely gather you to
the Day of Resurrection about which there is no
doubt. Those who have lost themselves do not
believe. 13 And to Him belongs whatever rests in the
night and the day. And He is the All-Hearing, the
All-Knowing. 14 Say, “Shall I take for myself a
guardian other than Allah, the Originator of the
heavens and the earth, He Who feeds and is not
fed?” Say, “I have been commanded to be the first
of those who become Muslimsa,” and do not ever be
of the polytheists. 15 Say, “I fear, should I disobey
my Lord, the punishment of a great day.” 16 Whoever
is sparedb on that day—then He has surely had
mercy on him, and that is the evident triumph. 17
And if Allah touches yousg with any harm, then
none can remove it except He. And if He touches
you with good —He is All-Powerf ul over
everything. 18 And He is the Subjugator over His
servants. And He is the All-Wise, the All-Aware. 19
Saysg, “What thing is more solemn in testimony?”
Say, “Allah is Witness between youpl and me. And
this Recitalc was revealed to me, that I may warn
you with it, and whomever it may reach. Do you
indeed testify that there are other gods with Allah?”
Say, “I myself do not testify.” Say, “He is but One
God, and I am indeed innocent of whatever you
associate (with Him).” 20 Those to whom We have
brought the Scripture recognize him d as they
recognize their own children; (those are) the ones who
have lost themselves, so they do not believe. 21 And
who is more unjust than someone who has
fabricated lies against Allah or has disbelieved in
His signs? Indeed, the unjust never succeed. 22 And
9
The Arabic word used is aslam which means to become Muslim by submitting to God.
Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “Whoever He spares on that day—then He has surely had
mercy on him . . .”
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
d
The 3rd person pronoun used in Arabic can be translated to ‘him’ for the Prophet (peace be upon him) or ‘it’ for the Qur’an.
a
Qb
85
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
h ğ hh Š hhû ğ ih ûh
ğ h h
ğ
h
Ǜȯ‹ Ŵj ųjɊ űŰŝ=
ÿŷi ŵj? mĀjôŷjļŠɔ˲ Bh ŊŬ bû = ĵeķjŊŬ jĬ‹ ȇ c
h
i ih i q h û i i i û hûhh
û h
ğ
h
^źŪȫ űğ Ȫ ĵšžj
Ʀ űŸǬƗ _źɆb ̖ `źųji ۊɾů‹ Ńji ŰŧȬi ƅ
h i h i i h ğ i i imhh i h ûh lm i h û h h ğ
̗ `źųi ȭŌû Ļ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ŴŽjȑ‹ űȱ>ȢǨ ŴȬɁ AźȡǨ= ŴŽjȓj ɉ
i
h
ğ l i h h mğ
i h h i
ĵŶğ Ŭ ĵŲh ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh jĬ‹bh Aźɉĵũ `= ƅj? űû Źi ļi ȿļjû Ŧ ŴȲĻ űû ɉ űğ Ȫ
ğ h
i h Ģhh l i h h h û h û i
h ȡǬû Ɋi
Ůŗbh űô û Źj jŏŧŵ= ȇ
AźķŊŬ ťžŬ ŋŞŵ‹ ̘ ǻj
j
h ih ûh l i h ğ iû h
h ûh i h ûh ğ iû h
ðūȎj? şųj ļŏȹ ŴŲ űŹŶjŲb ̙ `bǛŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹŶȭ
û
h m h i i h û h h e ğ h û i i Šh h h û h h h
ˊô ŋq ũbh űû Źj j ŵAJA;h ȝ
j = űŹj j ɅźŰũ ȇ ĵŶŰšŁb
j b aźŹŪŧȬ `= ĹŶȱ
h ;i m ĵŁh AJh ? Ʋ
ğ h h l i ûi ğ h h ği lû h
]b
j Ģ ń ðĵŹjķ AźŶjŲİŽ ƅ pĹŽA; ȁ Abŋh Ž `˯
h ğ
h h ğ i ih h h i Šh i
i śj ɜ
Š h = mƅj? m AŊh Šɪh `û j ? l Abm ŋi ŧh ȱ
Ǟ
ŴŽjȑ‹ ^źŪȬ ūŵźɉjʼnɲŽ
h i
h h
h h
i
h ůbğ hƁ‹û
`źŭj ŰŹû Ȭi `˯ ðŷi Ŷû ȭ `źû nZh Ŷû Ɇh bh ŷi Ŷû ȭ `źû Źh Ŷû Ȭh űû Ÿbh ̚ ǻj
hh l i i û Ģ hh ûh h
h ii ûh hh û i h i h mğ
ğȍ‹ ȇ
Aź
ŧj
ũ
b
J
?
c
ŋ
Ļ
ź
ɉ
b
Kĵ
̛
`b
ŋšŒȹ ĵŲb űŹŏŧŵ= ƅj?
j
j
h i h
h h k h i h h Ġ h i hh ûhŠh l i h h
Ŵjh Ų `źȲŵbh ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh ĺ
ŊȲŵ ƅb Iŋŵ ĵŶȽžŰɔ AźɉĵŪȯ
j Š ɔ˲ Bj
l
h i h
h
û
h iûi i h
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
źû ɉbh ð Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ `źŧƞ Aźŵǽ ĵŲğ űŹi ɉ Aʼnh hķ Ůhķ ̜ ǻj
l i h l Ġ
h h ğ
û l i h
h
h l i
`j? Aźm ɉĵũbh ̝ `źiķjŊŠʃů űû Źi ȫ˯ ŷi Ŷû ȭ AźŹi ȫ ĵųjh ɉ AbIĵšh ů AbIKi
û Ģ hh ûh h
i hh ğ h
h Ȫźši ĸû ųh ķ Ŵi ûƗh ĵŲh bh ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
Ġ ĵŶh ȩĵ
žń ƅj? Ǘj
Jj? c
ŋĻ źɉb ̞ ǻj
j
h
û
l
h
i
h
h h h û
h
h kh
h û k h Šh h l i i
Aźŧj ũb
ô ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh bh ǔŠ hķ Aźɉĵũ Ũˏ j ơĭ
j ķ AŊŠɪ ōɀůɁ ^ĵũ űô Źj j ɅK ȇ
û
l
i
h iiû h ûi
h Ŋh šh ů‹ AźiũbŊi hŦ ^ĵh hũ
h j Ňh ʼnû hũ ̟ `b
Ǫ
ŋŧȲĻ űļŶŬ ĵųh j ķ BA
q û ih ğ i iûhm h h Ģğ h ğ mh l iğ h h ğ
Ĺļh ŤȨh ĹŠĵŏɉ‹
űŹȩ;ĵŁ AJj? Ʋń ðjĬ‹ j;ĵŪj Űjķ AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹
h
i
h û h i h h û ğ h h Šh h h h h û h Šh l i h
i
űû ŸKAh Lh bû = `źŰųj Ƙ űû Ÿbh ĵŹžj
ȯ ĵŶŚŋŦ ĵŲ ȇ ĵŶȩǪŅɔ Aźɉĵũ
ğ m h û Ġ i Š h hû h h
m hh
h
i Šh h
ƅj? ĵžȫȐ‹ Cźžơ‹ ĵŲb ̠ `bKi Ōj hŽ ĵŲh ;h ĵŎh ƅɁ űjô û ŸjKźŹi ŝ ȇ
hhh h iğh h ğk x û h ih
x šhů
ğ h ɉbh xźŹû h ɉbh Ķ
ƆŦ= `ź
j
ô ŪļȬ ŴŽjȓj ů ǞŇ CŋjŇ˖‹ KAi Ȓ
ð
ğ
h
i
h
i
ğ h h i
h
h
h i û h iğ i ûh ûh
űû Źi ȫjıŦ ð`źɉźŪȬh djȑ‹ ūŵŌi Ņ
Ȏ ÿŷŵj? űŰšȫ ʼnũ ̡ `źŰjŪšû ȩ
h
h h h k h
ğ
h h ûh ğ
h h
`bʼni Ņ
ƒ jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ ǻųj j ۊɾů‹ Ŵğ Ȳ
j Š ɧbh ūŵźiķjŊȲiŽ ƅ
on the day when We herda them all together, then
say to those who associated (other gods with God),
“Where are your associates whom you used to
claim?” 23 Then their only turmoil wasb when they
said c , “By Allah, our d Lord, we were not
polytheists.” 24 Look how they lied to themselves,
and whatever they used to fabricate strayed away
from them. 25 And of them are those who listen to
you. But We have placed veils over their hearts,
preventing them from comprehending it, and
heaviness in their ears. Even if they see every sign,
they will not believe in it. Until, when they come to
you to argue with you, those who deny say, “This
is nothing but legends of the ancients.” 26 They
forbid (others) from it and avoid it themselves, yet
they annihilate none except themselves, but they
are unaware. 27 And if only yousg could see when
they werec made to stand by the Fire and they said,
“If only we could be sent back and note disbelieve
in the signs of our Lord and be of the believers!” 28
Rather, what they previously used to hide was
disclosed to them. And even if they were to be
returned back they would revert to what they had
been forbidden from, for they are indeed liars. 29
And they said, “There is nothing but our Earlier
Life, and never shall we be resurrected.” 30 And if
only yousg could see when they werec made to stand
before their Lord. He said, “Is this not the truth?”
They said, “Yes indeed, by our Lord.” He said,
“Then taste the punishment on account of what you
used to deny.” 31 Lost indeed are those who
disbelieved in the meeting with Allah until, when
the Hour comes upon them suddenly, they will say,
“Alas for us for whatever we have neglected in it,”
while carrying their burdens on their backs.
Undoubtedly, evil is what they bear. 32 And the
Earlier Life is nothing but a game and a distraction,
Yaʻqub read it as: “And
on the day when He herds them . . .”
Qb
Nafieʻ, Abu ʻAmr, Shuʻba, Abu Jaʻfar and Khalaf read it as: “Then their saying, ‘By Allah, our Lord, we were not
polytheists’ was their only turmoil.”
All except for Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer, Hafs, Nafieʻ, Abu ʻAmr, Shuʻba, Abu Jaʻfar and Khalaf read it as: “Then their only
(excuse during their) turmoil was that they said . . .”
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “By Allah! O our Lord, we were not polytheists.”
e
All except for Hafs, Hamza and Yaʻqub read it as: “If only we could be sent back—for we do not disbelieve in the signs
of our Lord—and be of the believers!”
Qa
86
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
l i k i h Šh h l i h h h h û h k x i i û h k i û h h h
AźķjŊŬ ĵŲ ȇ AbǚŕŦ ūj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŮŎK ĺķjŊŬ ʼnŪůb ̢
h h i û h û iŠ hh ğ h l i ih
hh ğ
h h hk
Ģ ń AbJb=b
ŵ űŹƋĻɁ Ʋ
ʼnû Ūůbh jôĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ʅj Ȁj ů ^jʼnĸh Ųi ƅbh ô ĵŵDz
h h h hih h h
h ŰŎh ŋû ųi û ɉ‹ d
l ıĸh ȫğ ŴjŲ ]h ;h m ĵŁh
Ŭ `ǽ `˯ ̣ ǻj
ūžû ŰŠ ǚ
j
hû
hû
h
h û i i hû
qhh h hûh
h û hh û
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŪŧȫ nj
b= P˱
j ļȼĻ `= ĺšśļŎ‹ `j j ıŦ űŹŗAŋŠj?
hh
ğ Ǎ ĵųq Űğ Ŏi
i ğ ;h m ĵőh źû h ɉbh ˏĹhŽ˲ űŹi žjh ȩûįļh ȯh ;j m ĵųh ŏɉ‹
h h Ĭ‹
ȇ űû Źi šh ųh Ơ
p
j
h û h ğ h i h h h Š ʼnh Źi û ɉ‹
h ŰŹŠɲ
i łļh ŏû h ȹ ĵųh ȫğ ?ø ̤ ǻj
Ķž
j
ô
j
j ů‹ ŴjŲ ŴȫźȲĻ ƆŦ c
û
h
h
i
h
h ih ûh h ğ
i ğ űi Źi Ŀi šh ĸû Ȭh Ș
Š źû ųh ɉ‹bh ò`ź
šųŏȹ ŴŽjȑ‹
̥ `źši Łh ŋû iŽ jŷûȎj? űğ Ȫ Ĭ‹
h
h
h hğ ğ ûi k ğ k x h h û h ki hûh l i h h
Kjf Iĵũ Ĭ
‹ `j? Ůũ ĀjôŷjɅK ŴjŲ ĹŽA; jŷžŰŠ ^Ōj ŵ ƅźɉ Aźɉĵũb
h i h h û h ğ Šh h q h h h k h i h Ģ h h
h h
ĵŲh bh ̦ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= ŴȲ
j ɧb ĹŽA; ^ǣ
j Ȭ `= ȇ
h
ih m ğ û h h h i h
û
h
h
Ģ h ƅbh P˱
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Ĺp ğķ<I ŴjŲ
űf Ɋ= ƅj? jŷžńĵŶƎj Ǟśj Ž ŋp j Ɍʝ
h
h ğ i i hûh
h û
h
û
ûűŹɅk Kh ǓŠ h ? űğ Ȫi ˏ p;ƾ
ğ
û
Š
ŴjŲ Ķ
j
jj
j ɮjŭů‹ Ǎj ĵŶŚŋŦ ĵŲ űˏ ȲůĵĿŲ=
x
h i h ûi
û
h l ğ h h ğ h
Ƙ
Ǎj űx ȲɅi bh űk Ŕi ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ AźiķŊŬ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b ̧ `bǬ
hŠ h i û h û h û h h h h i û û i i ğ
h
hi Ġ
ȇ ŷŰšƒ įŒȹ ŴŲb ŷŰj ŰŘŽ Ĭ‹ j ıŒhȹ ŴŲh ĺ
ˍ j Š ʅŰŞů‹
i Šhh û û i hûh hh ûi
h û Ġ h
i Ŋh Šh űû Ȳ
BA
ƋĻɁ `j? űȲļȬ;K= Ůũ ̨ ˈž
j
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
h
h
h
h i ûh ğ hû h i h ğ i i ûh û ğ
i Ŭi `? `ź
űû ļŶ
ŠʼnĻ jĬ‹ ǞȮ= ĹŠĵŏɉ‹ űȲļȩɁ b= jĬ‹
j
h h
û
i û h h
h
h
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh
jŷûȎj? `źŠi ʼnû Ļ ĵŲh ť jŒŭžh ȯ `źŠi ʼnû Ļ iaĵğŽj? Ůhķ ̩ ǻj
i h mhû h ûh û hhh
h i ûi h h û h hh hm h
Ģ j ? ĵŶŰŎK= ʼnŪůb ̪ `ź
ˈp Ɋh = Ǔ
ȡǬ
j ȶ ĵŲ `źŏȿĻb ;ĵő `j?
û
ğ h mğ ğ h m h hû
hû h hh h h
űû Źi Űšh ů j;AǴɉ‹
b j;ĵŎįȊĭjķ űŹi ŠɓŊŇįŦ ūj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲk
hh l i ğ h h h i ûh i hm h û m hûhh
h i ğ h hh
Š
ļȬ
ŴȲ
ɧ
j b AźŠǴĻ ĵŶŎįķ űŸ;ĵŁ Jj? ƅźŰŦ ̫ `źŠǴ
l i h
h
ğ
h i
û ŏh hũ
i iŰiũ ĺ
̬ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲh Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ űi Źi ɉ Ŵh Ɇğ Lh bh űû Źi Ʌź
l ik i h l ih ğhh
ki h hûh û ûh h h û hh
û h ȁ
Š
;g ƾ
B
ʆ
ķ
Ɂ
ű
Ź
ž
Ű
Š
ĵ
Ŷ
Ņ
ļ
ȯ
Āj
ŷ
ķ
j AbŋjŬJ ĵŲ Aźŏȸ ĵųŰŦ
j
j
h
i
hû h l i m l h h Ģğ h
i h h q û
ń
űŸ AJjıŦ Ĺļh ŤȨh űŹi ŠɓŊŇ= Aźm Ļb= ĵųh j ķ Aźńi ŋj Ŧ AJj? Ʋ
h i ûĠ
ğ
h ȑ‹ğ _j źû Ūh ûů‹ ŋi ķAIh şh śj Ūi ȯh ̭ `ź
h û bh l Aźô ųi hŰŝh ŴŽj
ŏj ŰĸŲ
jĬj ʼni ųû ơ‹
j
but the Home of the Hereafter is definitely bettera
for those who are mindful (of God). Do youpl notb
reason? 33 Indeed, We know that very truly what
they say grieves you, but it is not really you whom
they disbelieve; rather, it is the signs of Allah that
the unjust repudiate. 34 And very truly, other
messengers before you were disbelieved, but they
patiently endured being disbelieved and hurt until
Our support came to them, for none can change His
words. And indeed there has already come to yousg
some of the emissaries’ stories. 35 And if you find
their disregard hard to bear, then if you can, seek a
tunnel into the earth or a stairway into the heaven
so as to bring them a sign. And had Allah willed,
He could have united them on guidance. So do not
besg of the ignorant. 36 Indeed, those who respond
are those who hear. But the dead—Allah resurrects
them, then to Him they are returnedc. 37 And they
said, “If only a sign had been bestowedd upon him
from on high by his Lord.” Say, “Indeed, Allah is
Able to send down a sign, but most of them do not
know.” 38 And there is no treading creature on land,
nor a bird flying with its wings, but are communities
like you. We have neglected nothing in the
Scripture. Then to their Lord they are herded. 39
Those who disbelieved in Our signs are deaf and
dumb, in darkness(es). Whomever Allah wills, He
misguides. And whomever He wills, He sets on a
straight path. 40 Saysg, “Have you seen yourselves?
If Allah’s punishment came upon you or the Hour
came upon you, would you call upon any other than
Allah, if you are sincere? 41 Rather, it is only Him
that you would call upon, then He removes whatever
made you call on Him if He so wills, and you would
forget what you associated (with Him).” 42 And most
surely We sent to communities before yousg, and We
seized them with misery and adversity, that they
may supplicate (Us). 43 If only when Our affliction
came upon them they had supplicated (Us). But their
hearts hardened, and Satan adorned for them
whatever they used to do. 44 Then, when they forgote
what they had been reminded of, We openedf for
them the gates of everything until, when they
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . but the Home of the Hereafter is better for . . .”
All except for Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer, Hafs, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “Do they not reason?”
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . then to Him they return.”
Qd
Ibn Kathir read it as: “If only a sign had been sent down upon him by his Lord.”
e
Disregarded.
Qf
Ibn ʻAmer, Abu Jaʻfar and Roways read it as: “. . . We widely opened for them . . .”
Qa
Qb
87
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
i
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ Bk Kh
i ğ Ŋh Ňh h= `û ? űû ļi Ȭû ;h Kh h= Ůû iũ ̮ ǻ
űû Ȳšh ųû Ŏh Ĭ‹
j
j
j
h
h
i
i
h
h
h
i
ğ iû fŠ û ğ i
Š űh ļh Ňh bh űû ȡŋh Š ɻh ûķɁbh
Ȯ ŷɧj? ŴŲ űȲjɅźŰũ ȇ
jĬ‹ Ǟ
ik h i hûh û i
h
i ûh
ûűŸi űğ Ȫi ĺ
Š
j ɔ˖‹ [Dz
j ŵ ťžŬ ŋŞŵ‹ ˍjŷjķ űȲžjȩįŽ
h
h i
ğ i h h û i Šh û û i hûh hh ûi
ŊŠ űȲƋĻɁ `j? űȲļȬ;K= Ůũ ̯ `źŦjʼnŕû hŽ
jĬ‹ BA
h e û
ûh e
ğ
hû ğ i h
h
ĵŲh bh ̰ `źųji ۊɾů‹ _i źû Ūů‹ ƅj? ūŰŹû Ȭi ŮŸ Cŋh Źû Łh bû = Ĺļh ŤȨh
h h
h ŰŎh ŋû ųi û ɉ‹ Ůji Ŏŋû iŵ
i h h j k hȼŲi ƅğ ? ǻj
Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû ųh ȯ ðŴɆ
j
j
jKjŊŶŲb ŴɆǬ
h ihûh û i hh û ûh h fû h hh h h û hh
hŴŽjȑ‹ğ bh ̱ `ź
ŵŌƘ űŸ ƅb űŹj žŰŠ [źŇ ƆŦ ŃŰŔ=b
i
h i û l i h
h l iğ h
i Ŋh šh ûů‹ űi Źi ŏĠ ųh Ȭh ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲
Ůũ ̲ `źŪŏi ŧȬh Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ BA
AźķŊŬ
hm h h û h û i h û h m h h ğ i m h h
i h i ih m ğ
ƅb ĶžŤů‹ űŰŠ= ƅb jĬ‹ ŴjɋAŌŇ djʼnŶjŠ űû Ȳů ^źũ= ƅ
ûh ûi h Ģ h i h ğ i ğh û f h h k û i h i ih
ŮŸ Ůũ ô Ǔğ j ? Ƹź
Ž ĵŲ ƅj? şjĸĻɁ `j? ðūŰɊ ƭj j ? űȲů ^źũ=
h
h i ğ hhh hhh i hû h Š h û h û
û
h
jŷjķ KjŊŵ=b ̳ `bŋŭŧļȩ ƆŦ= ôǞŕj Ȋ‹b ǖȭƁ‹ djźļh ŏû h ȹ
h l i h ûi h h i hh h ğ
h
h
i
Ƙ `= `źŦĵƞ ŴŽjȑ‹
ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲk űŹi ɉ ōh ûɀů űû Źj j Ʌk Kh ǓŠ j ? Abm Ǭ
ğ
h
h i ğ h û i ğ h ğ x h h h xk h
h ȑ‹ jIŋi śû ȩh ƅbh ̴ `ź
ŴŽj
ŪļȬ űŹŰšů şžjŧő ƅb Ƞj b
h i i k hû h Š hhû
iğh h i ûh
ĵŲh ÿð ŷi Źh Łû bh `bʼnɆ
ŋj Ž ǀ
j j šů‹b j CbʼnŤůĭjķ űŹɅK `źŠʼnŽ
hh h
h ûh h
û h ŴjŲk űŹķĵŏjh ń Ŵjû Ų ū
űŹj žû ŰŠ ūjķĵŏjh ń Ŵjû Ų ĵŲh bh ;p ƾ
žŰŠ
jj
ğ h h i hh û i hi ûhh û h k
h h h
h ųjۊɾů‹
ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ̵ ǻ
ŴjŲ `źŭļȯ űŸIŋśļȯ p;ƾ ŴjŲ
j
h
h h iğ ğ h m i Ģ h h lmi ihk
h
h
Ŵü Ųj k űŹj žû ŰŠ Ĭ‹
ŴŲ j;ƅİʧ= AźɉźŪȎj Ŗp šû ĸh j ķ űŹi Řšû Ȩh ĵŶğ ļh ȯ
h iğ
m
h
ğ
h ûɀhůɁh ñm ĵŶjh Ŷûɀhķ
h hŰŠû įķ Ĭ‹
h ŋjŭɺůĭ
Š
ō
ķ
ű
]h ;h ĵŁh AJ˯ ̶ ŴɆ
j
j
j
h
h
h
û
h
i
i û h
h ļh Ŭ űû Ȳ
h i h h h i û i h ȑ‹ğ
űû ȲɅĠ Kh Ķ
ð žŰŠ űf Š ʄŎ ŮŪȯ ĵŶjļŠɔ˲ `źŶjŲİŽ ŴŽj
i h
h h
û h Šh h
ğh hhû ğ
i
ŋɉ‹ jŷ jŏŧȫ ȇ
űğ Ȫ pĹۊʇh hƎj ˊü;h źm Ŏi űû ȲŶjŲ Ůųj Š Ŵû Ųh ÿŷi ŵɁ ĹƧ
h h h
h hĻ
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh ÿŷi ğŵɂh hŦ Ńh hŰŔû h=bh Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Bĵ
ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ̷ űžj
k ûi
i hi
h
û i û i h h h û h h Š ɔ˖‹
h Ųŋł
Ůŕj k ŧȫ
ƭj j ? Ůũ ̸ ǻj
j
j ųɉ‹ ŮžjȼŎ ǻjĸȽŏȽj ůb ĺ
h i ûh h ğ hiû h ûh i i
ğh m ğ i ğ
i
`ź
ŠʼnĻ ŴŽjȑ‹ ʼnĸȭ= `= 垏j ŵ
şi j ĸĻɁ ƅ Ůũ jôĬ‹ `b
I
Ŵj
Ų
j
delighted in what they were given, We seized them
suddenly, and they were instantly in despair. 45 Thus
the last remnant of those who were unjust was cut
off. And praise be to Allah, Lord of all realms. 46
Saysg, “Have youpl seen? If Allah took away your
hearing and your sight (s) and set a seal on your
hearts, which god other than Allah would restore
them to you?” Look how Wea diversify the signs,
yet they keep turning away. 47 Say, “Have you seen
yourselves? If Allah’s punishment came upon you
suddenly or openly, would any be annihilated
except the unjust people?” 48 And We do not send
the emissaries except as bearers of glad tidings and
as forewarners, so whoever has attained faith and
reformed—no fear shall be upon themb, nor shall
they grieve. 49 But those who disbelieved in Our
signs—punishment will touch them on account of
their defiant disobedience. 50 Saysg, “I do not say to
youpl the treasuries of Allah are with me, nor do I
know what is hidden, nor do I say to you I am an
angel. I only follow what is revealed to me.” Say,
“Are the blind and the seeing equal? Do youpl not
reflect?” 51 And warn with it those who fear to be
herded to their Lord—they do not have, apart from
Him, any guardian or intercessor—that they may
become mindful (of Him). 52 And dosg not expel those
who call upon their Lord morning and evening,
seeking His Countenance; you are not responsible
for their reckoning in any way, nor are they
responsible for your reckoning in any way. So were
you to expel them, you would be of the unjust. 53
And thus We have tried some of them by means of
others, that they may say, “Are these the ones whom
Allah has favored from among us?” Does not Allah
know better of those who are thankful? 54 And
when those who believe in Our signs come to yousg,
say, “Peace be upon you; your Lord has prescribed
for Himself mercifulness: thatc whoever among you
does evil out of ignorance then repents afterwards
and reforms—that He is then Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy.” 55 And thus We detail the
signs, and so that the way of the criminals can
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qc
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . mercifulness: that whoever among you does evil out of ignorance then repents
afterwards and reforms—indeed, He is then Oft-Forgiving . . .”
All except for Nafieʻ, Abu Jaʻfar, Ibn ʻAmer, ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . mercifulness: indeed, whoever among you
does evil out of ignorance then repents afterwards and reforms—indeed, he is then . . .”
a
b
88
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
h
ûi
i hmh û h
i ûŰhŰŗh ʼnû hũ űû ȱ
h ʼnļh Źû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ú ĵhŵɁ m ĵŲh bh AJq ? ĺ
Ůũ ̹ ŴŽj
;AźŸ=
j
ğ h
k
Š h h ƭk j j ?
ĵŲh djʼnŶjŠ ĵŲh Ājôŷjķ űļi Ȩû Ŋȡbh ȗj Kğ ŴjŲk Ĺp Ŷh j kɀhķ ȇ
h i ûh ûh
û iû
i
h û œĠ Ūi Ȭh ðjĬğ j ƅğ j ? űi Ȳ
źh Ÿbh ð Ũğ ơ‹
ơ‹ `j j ? Ājm ôŷjķ `źŰł
j šļŏȶ
h
ğ
i
hû iû h
ğ û i
h
ûh ûh h
h
Ājŷjķ `źŰł
j šļŏȶ ĵŲ djʼnŶjŠ `= źů Ůũ ̺ ǻj Űŕj Šʁů‹ ǞŇ
ğ ih û h iğ h û i hûhh ûh i ûh û h ih
h ųjۊɾůĭ
̻ǻ
j
j ķ űŰŠ= Ĭ‹b ñűȲŶɀɅb ƴj ɀķ ŋɊƁ‹ DŽj Ūů
h ûhû i hh ih h
h
i ğ m h
Ǎj ĵŲh űi Űšû Ɇh bh ôźh Ÿ ƅj? ĵŹh ųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ Ķ
j žŤů‹ Ńj ĻĵŧŲ ÿaʼnŶjŠbø
ğh h h hûh ğ h
i i û h h û û k h ûů‹
pĹĸń ƅbh ĵŹųi ŰšȬ ƅj? Ĺg ũKh bh ŴjŲ řŪŏȶ ĵŲbh ˏjŋŅhȊ‹bh ǚ
j
h
û
ğ
h
h
i
h
h i
h h Śû Kh ƅbh P˱
j Ɓ‹ ĺ
Ķ
j Š ʅŰŝ Ǎj
p
p ŠɮjŬ Ǎj ƅj? ōg j ȵĵŽ ƅb Ķ
ğ i
ğ
h
i ğ
Ġ
űļi ńû ŋh Łh ĵŲh űi Űšû Ɇh bh Ůj ûȎĭjķ űȲŠƋŦźh ļh Ȭh djȑ‹ źh Ÿbh ̼ ǻ
p j ĸŲ
h i q
x h Ģ h ûi
i
i i
jŷûȎj? űğ Ȫ ˌǖk ŏh ŲĠ ŮŁh = DŽ
ŪȎj jŷžjȯ űû ȲĿšh ĸû Ȭh űğ Ȫ jKĵŹh ğȍĭjķ
h i i
h i h i i h
i
i
ûh
źh Ÿbh ̽ `źŰųh šû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ űȲĴi j ĸk ȿiŽ űğ Ȫ űû Ȳši Ł
j ŋɊ
h Ģğ h e h h h û i ûh h i ûih
h h
hû
ń ĹŞŧń űȲžŰŠ ŮjŎŋɆb ĀjðajIĵĸjh Š \źû Ŧ ŋji ŸĵŪů‹
AJj? Ʋ
h m
û i
ğ h
h h i i
h
̾ `źŚi ŋj k ŧȬi ƅ űû Ÿbh ĵŶh ŰŎi Ki ŷi ļû ȯźh Ļ Di źû ųh ɉ‹ űi ȱʼnh ńh = ;h ĵŁh
û iû i h h h k hû i i Š h û h ğ h l m Ġ i ğ i
i
źh Ÿbh űi Ȳơ‹
Ȕ ƅɁ Ũ
ˏ j ơ‹ űŹƋůźɊ jĬ‹ Ǔj? AbIK űȪ
i h ûh
i k hi h ûi
h ûů‹ S
h iŰŝi ŴjŲk űȲž
h ȼ jŏŠɳ
Š
Ǧ=
ǻ
ĺ
ʅ
ł
Ŷ
Ȭ
Ŵ
Ų
Ů
ũ
̿
j
j
j
h ğ q ûi
û hȊ‹û bh ǚ
k h ûů‹
Ġ h hĻ ÿŷi hŵźŠi ʼnû hĻ ŋŅ
Ŵjû Ų ĵŶh Š ƋhƑ= Ŵû j Ɍů Ĺžh ŧŇbh ȕq Ǵ
j
j
h
i
i
ğ
h
h
i k hi iğ
h
Š
Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫźŭhȍ Āj aŊj Šɪ
űȲžł
j ŶȬ Ĭ‹ Ůj ũ ̀ ŴɆŋjj ŭɺů‹
hû i ûi
h i ûi û i h ğ i û h ki
h hûk
Kji IĵŪů‹ źh Ÿ Ůũ ́ `źȡǬ
j ŴjŲb ĵŹŶjŲ
j ȶ űļŵ= űȪ B
p ŋŬ ȁ
h û i ûh k q h h û i ûh h h hûh h hh
ûh
û
Ģ
ƕ
ĺ
Ŵj
Ų
b
= űȲj ũźŦ ŴjŲ ĵķAŊŠ űȲžŰŠ ĽšĸȬ `= ȇ
j
i h ûh h ih qh û i h ûh ûh û i i ûh
hMûįhķ űȲ
ŘšȨ ŨŽjŊɆb ĵšžjő űȲŏjȼŰŽ b= űȲj ŰŁK=
ğ h
ik h i hûh û i
h hû
h
ûh
͂ `źŹi ŪŧȬh űû Źi Űšh ů ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ [Dz
ˍ g šȨ
j ŵ ťžŬ ŋŞŵ‹ Ŗ
ğ h
i û h h i û ğ i Ġ hû h i h h i û h
h ķ űȲ
Ůžj
ȡ
ź
žŰŠ ĺŏů Ůũ ô Ũơ‹ źŸb ūɊźũ Ājŷjķ Bh Ŋȡbh
p j
h
x h
h h h h
h ki k
h ûŽɁh Kh AJ˯
h ȑ‹ğ ĺ
ŴŽj
̈́ `źųi Űšû ȩ [źû Ŏh bh ô ŋk Ūļh ŏû ŲĠ p ıĸh ȫ Ȃj
j ů̓
become evident a. 56 Say, “I have been forbidden
from worshiping those you call upon apart from
Allah.” Say, “I do not follow your whims, for then
I would have surely gone astray and would not be
of those guided.” 57 Say, “I rely on evident proof
from my Lord, while you have disbelieved in Him.
I do not possess what you ask to be hastened;
judgment belongs to none but Allah; Heb statesc the
truth and He is the Best of judges.” 58 Say, “If what
you ask to be hastened was with me, the matter
between me and you would have been settled, for
Allah knows better of the unjustpl.” 59 And with Him
are the keys of the hidden realm; none knows them
except He. And He knows whatever is on land and
sea, and not a leaf falls but He knows it, nor a single
grain in the darkness (es) of earth, nor is there
anything wet or dry but is in an evident recordd. 60
And it is He Who takes youpl by night and He knows
what you have committed by day, then He raises
you up in it, that a stated term may be fulfilled; then
to Him is your return, then He will inform you of
what you used to do. 61 And He is the Subjugator
over His servants, and He sends preservers over
youe until, when death has come to one of you, Our
messengers take him away, and they never neglect
(their tasks). 62 Then they are returned to Allah, their
True Patron. Undoubtedly, His is the judgment, and
He is the Swiftest of reckoners. 63 Saysg, “Who
deliversf you from the darkness(es) of land and sea?”
Youpl call upon Him in supplication and in secret.
“If He savesg us from this, We will surely be of the
thankful.” 64 Say, “It is Allah Who deliversh you
from it and from every calamity, yet you associate
others with Him.” 65 Saysg, “He is the One Able to
send upon you a punishment from above you or
from under your feet, or He can confound you into
sects and make you taste one another’s violence.
Look how We diversify the signs, that they may
comprehend.” 66 But your people considered it to be
a lie, though it is the truth. Say, “I am not a trustee
over you.” 67 For every tiding is a time of settlement,
and youpl will come to know. 68 And when yousg see
Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and so that you can realize the way of the criminals.”
Nafieʻ and Abu
The Arabic word used is yaqusu which also means ‘follows’, implying that the judgement of God follows the truth.
Qc
All except for Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, ʻAsem and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “He decrees the truth . . .”
d
Literally ‘scripture’.
e
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
Qf
Yaʻqub read it as: “Who saves you . . .”
Qg
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “If You save us . . .”
Qh
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn Zekwan and Yaʻqub read it as: “It is Allah Who saves you . . .”
Qa
sg
b
89
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
l i ih ğ h û iû h û û hh h h h m h i ih
Š ń űŹŶȭ Pŋj ŠįŦ ĵŶjļŠɔA; Ǎj `źŗźƞ
Ǎj Aźŗźƞ Ʋ
ûh hh
ğ h
ğ Āj aǞû Ȯh ĽŽjʼnńh
ʼnh šû Ȩh ʼnû ši Ūȩ ƆŦ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ ūŶğ hɀjŏȿiŽ ĵŲ˯
g
ôj
ğ
h
û
h
ğ jû h h h Š h û k
h i h
h ųjۊɾů‹
_źŪů‹ şŲ cŋŬjȑ‹
`źŪļğ Ȭh ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ȇ ĵŲh bh ͅ ǻ
j
û
ğ
h
h
h
h i
û ŴjŲk űŹķĵŏjh ń Ŵjû Ų
Š ŋh ŬjJ ŴȲ
`źŪļğ Ȭh űû Źi Űšh ů c
j Š ɧbh ;p ƾ
jj
û
ğ
h I l AbŊi hƛ‹ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ KJh bh ͆
h űi Źi ȩû ŋğ ţh bh ˊźq Źû h ɉbh ĵĸq jšhů űû Źi ŶŽj
Ci źŠ žh ơ‹
j
hh h û h û h h h h ü i û h h h û i h m û k h h h û Ġ
ĵŹɉ ōɀů ĺĸŏŬ ĵųjķ ōŧȫ ŮŏȼĻ `= Ājŷjķ ŋjŬJb ô ĵžȫȐ‹
ğ
ğ
h ği û h
i
x k bh jĬ‹
x ŧőh ƅh bh Ƞ
ƅ ^p ʼnû Š ȁ ^jʼnšû ȩ `˯ şž
`b
j
j I ŴjŲ
j
x h h û ih lð i h h h l i û i h ğ h Ģh l i m h û û h û i
űŹɉ AźĸŏŬ ĵųjķ AźŰjŏȵɁ ŴŽjȑ‹ ūjɌʤb= ñ ĵŹŶjŲ ŊŇİŽ
BAǨ
h f h h h
l i h
ûi
h iû
h û k
ŊŠb ˈžj
Ůũ ͇ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ü űi Ȏj = BA
p Ƨ ŴjŲ
l i ûhh
h h h h ğ
i
Ġ i hŽ ƅh bh ĵŶh ši ŧŶ
Ģ h h IĠ ŋh iŵbh ĵhŵǴ
ȇ
Ž ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ `b
I
Ŵj
Ų
AźŠʼnŵɁ
j
ğ h i ğ hŠ h h û h û h h h û h
ğ iûhûh û
iǻśŠɱh Œɉ‹
ŷĻźŹļŎ‹ djȑĭŬ Ĭ‹ ĵŶƊʼnŸ Jj? ʼnšȨ ĵŶjķĵŪȭ=
j
hû
h
û
h hû h
h
h Ŕû h= ÿm Ȕi h `A
x Šɳ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj
Ǟń P˱
cʼnh Źi ɉ‹ Ǔj? ÿm ŷi ŵźŠi ʼnû hŽ Ķ
ğ
i ğ ûi û
h Źi û ɉ‹ źh Ÿi jĬ‹
k ŋjh ɉ űjh Űŏû iȿj ů ĵhŵŋjû Ɋi=bh c
Š
B
ʼn
cʼnh Ÿ `j? Ůũ ñĵŶh j Ƚij‹
ð
j
h m ğ h i h i iğ h hŠh ğ l i h û hh
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹
jŷûȎj? dj
ȑ‹ źŸb ôaźŪȩ‹b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźųžjȰ= `=b ͈ ǻ
j
h
ğ i
h û h ŠhŠh ğ h h h
h i h ûi
k h û ķ P˱
ƕ
Ɓ‹b D
j ʆʅŏɉ‹ ŨŰŇ djȑ‹ źh Ÿbh ͉ `bǬ
ˌŨj ơĭ
j
i i h
i i h i
i û û h
h û Ȕi i źû hũ `ź
_h źû hŽ ūŰųi ɉ‹ Ȕi bh ô ŨĠ ơ‹
ô ŭžh ȯ Ŵȱ ^źŪȬh _źû Ɇh bh
ğ h
h i
Ġ Ǎ ņi ŧŶ
û Ťh ûů‹ űji ۊɢh Kźŕɉ‹
i ŭơ‹
h û źh Ÿi bh ˏj Cʼnh Š ʇh Œɉ‹
űžj
b Ķ
ž
Ž
j
ˏj
j
h
h
h
û
hû
e Ŷh Ŕû = Ŋi ňļğ ȩh Ɂ Kh LA
h ;h jŷžȨƁj űžj
i ĸƢ‹
i ŸŠɷh ûķ? ^ĵh hũ J˯ø
ĵŲĵ
͊Ǟ
j
j
j
j
h h ûh h h Š hh mk e h h
m ŋiŵ ūjh ɉŠɶh ȡh bh ͋ ǻĸŲĠ يʄh ŗh Ǎ ū
d
j Ɋźũb ūƊK= ƭj j ? ĹŹj ɉA;
p j p
j
hû
h i
h i h h h Šh û
h h ğ Dź
j Ɓ‹bh D
ŭŰɊ űžjŸɷķj?
Ŵjh Ų `źŭhȎj bh P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ğ
hh
hh
h h h h h h
i
h Ŷjũźųi û ɉ‹
AŊŠɪ ^ĵũ ðĵĸq Ŭźû Ŭ A;h Kh ŮûȎ‹ jŷžû ŰŠ Ŵğ Łh ĵųğ ŰŦ ͌ ǻj
hh
hû
h ŰjŦ˖‹ Ķj
Ġ ńi= mƅh ^ĵh hũ Ůh hŦh= m ĵųğ hŰhŦ ȗk Kh
ŋh ųh Ūů‹ A;h Kh ĵųğ ŰŦ ͍ ǻj
ˌj
h
ğ h h h hh m hh k h h h h q
k
ȗj Kh ƭjj ʼnŹû Ȭh űû ů ŴjɌů ^ĵũ ŮŦ= ĵųğ ŰŦ ˌȗj Kh AŊŠɪ ^ĵũ ȖjLĵhķ
those who engage in blaspheming Our signs, then
disregard them until they engage in another
discourse. But should Satan makea you forget, then
do not sit after the Reminding with the unjust
people. 69 And in no way are the mindful (of God)
responsible for their reckoning, but only (for)
reminding—that they may become mindful (of God).
So leavesg alone those who take their religion for
70
a game and a distraction, and whom the Earlier Life
has deceived. But remind with it, lest a single self
become wrecked on account of what it has earned.
Apart from Allah it has neither guardian nor
intercessor, and if it offers every conceivable
compensation, it will not be accepted from it. Those
are the ones who were wrecked on account of what
they had earned; for them is a drink of scalding
water and a painful punishment on account of how
they used to deny. 71 Saysg, “Are we to call, apart
from Allah, upon what can neither benefit us nor
harm us and be turned back on our heels after Allah
has guided us, like someone who is lured by the
Satans on earth and is confused? He has fellows
calling him to guidance: ‘Come to us’.” Say, “The
guidance of Allah is indeed the Guidance, and we
have been commanded to surrender to the Lord of
all realms, 72 and (we were told:) ‘perform the prayers
and be mindful of Him, for it is to Him that you will
be herded.’ 73 And it is He Who created the heavens
and the earth in truth. And on the day when He
says: ‘Be,’ and so it is: His saying is the truth; and
to Him belongs the dominion on the day when the
Trumpet is blown. The Knower of the hidden realm
and the manifest, and He is the All-Wise, the AllAware.” 74 And recall when Abraham said to his
father Azarb, “Do you take human-shaped idols for
gods? I see that you and your people are indeed in
evident misguidance.” 75 And thus We showc
Abraham the empire of the heavens and the earth,
and so that he would be of the ones who believe
with certitude. 76 So when the night covered him,
he saw a planet; he said, “This is my lord.” But
when it set, he said, “I do not love those that set.” 77
So when he saw the moon rising, he said, “This is
my lord.” But when
it set, he said, “If my Lord does
not guide me, I will most surely be one of the people
Qa
Qb
c
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “But should Satan try hard to make you forget . . .”
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . Abraham said to his father, “Azar, do you take . . .”
Frequently the Qur’an speaks about the prophets using present tense; this should be pondered by the reader.
90
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
hh
ğ
ğ jû hû h ğ h i hh
h kůĮŘɉ‹
ōh ųû Œɉ‹ A;h Kh ĵųğ ŰŦ ͎ ǻj
_źŪů‹ ŴjŲ ŴȫźȱƁ
h
h
h h h h û h h m ğ h h ih û m h Šh k h h Šh h h q h h
_j źû ŪŠɔ ^ĵũ ĺ
ŰŦ= ĵųŰŦ ðǚȱ= AŊɪ ȗj K AŊɪ ^ĵũ ĹţjLĵķ
ğ h û h i û ğ h k
h
h i ûi ğ k x m h k
ŋh śh ȯ djȓj ɉ ǘ
j Łb 口b ƭj j ? ͏ `źȡǬ
j ȶ ĵųjɊ ;dŋj ķ ƭj j ?
h
û
ú
m
h h û h ŠhŠh ğ
h ȡǬû ųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĵhŵɁ ĵŲh bh ðĵŧžjq Ŷńh P˱
Ɓ‹b D
͐ ǻj
j ʆʅŏɉ‹
j
h
k
mhh Š h h ûhh ğ
Ģ h iĻɁ ^ĵh hũ ÿô ŷi Ųi źû hũ ÿŷi Łğ m ĵńh bh
ƅb Ŵˏ j ƊʼnŸ ʼnũb jĬ‹ Ǎj Țj źm łĠ ʰ
h i ûi h i h h
k
q h k m h h mğ
ȗj Kh şjh Ŏbh ô ĵnZžû ő ȗj Kh ;h ĵŒhȹ `= ƅj? mĀjŷjķ `źȡǬ
j ȶ ĵŲ [ĵŇ=
h
h
û
ği
mh i h
h h
h ğ h h hh
û h ȁ
ĵŲ [ĵŇ= ťžû ȡbh ͑ `bŋi ŬŊļh ȩ ƆŦ= ô ĵųe ŰjŠ ;g ƾ
h i ğh h i hh hh û i û û h
ûkhi ûh h ğ
i ȡû Ǩ
h =
h û = űû Ȳ
^ǣ
ŵɁ `źŦĵƛ ƅb űļȡǨ
Ȭ
ű
ɉ
ĵ
Ų
Ĭĭ
ķ
ű
ļ
j
j
j
hû
h ûh hû Ġ hh q hû i û i ûh h
`j? ˌŴj Ųû Ɓĭjķ ŨĠ ńh = ǻ
j ŪɆŋj ŧů‹ dįŦ ô ĵŶŠɽŰŎ űȲžŰŠ Ājŷjķ
h ihûh ûi i
h ? l Aźm ŏi ȼûŰhŽ űû h ɉbh l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ͒ `ź
űŹi Ŷh Š ʅŽ
ųŰšȩ űļŶŬ
j
j
h
h i h û Ġ i h i û û i ih h Ģhli û i
h û h
ūŰj Ļb ͓ `bʼnļŹɊ űŸb ŴŲƁ‹ űŹɉ ūjɌʤb= ˈg ŰŞjķ
h hh i hûh
û h Š h h űžj
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? m ĵŹh Šɰh žû ȩAh ;h m ĵŶh ļi łğ ńi
ŴŲğ ĺ
p Š ɕKI şȯŋŵ ĀjôŷŲj źũ ȇ
j
h
h ğh ğ im hğ
h Ŏû ? ÿm Ȕi ĵŶh ĸû Ÿh bh bh ͔ űžj
x ŰŠh űžj
f ŭńh ū
Ũh Šɳ
ɅK `j? ñ ;ĵŒȸ
j
i
i h
h e i h hû h h ĝi h i û h h
ĀjŷjļɆğ jKk J ŴjŲbh ð Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĵŶh Ȭû ʼnh Ÿ ĵńź
ŵb ô ĵŶȬʼnŸ ȃ Bź
ô ŪšɆ b
h
h h h h iŠh h Š h i h h i i h h Ġ h h Šh ûh i h h i h
ūj ɉŠɶȡbh `b
ô ŋɪb ƽźɊb ťŎźɆb BźŽɁb ŴʅžŰŎb IÿbAI
û
û ųi û ɉ‹ dŌûƑh
h hȎ˯
û Ɇh bh ĵɆğ ŋȡh Lh bh ͕ ǻ
h ȿ jŏŅ
h Šbh Ƶ
hŅ
Š
Š
Mĵ
ƿɀj
j
ð
j
j
xk i
q i h hi i h h h hû h h Šh û
ğŠ
k
h
ô ĵŚźɉb ōȸźɆb şŏɀů‹b ŮžjšʅŎ˯ ͖ ǻŅ
j j Űɻů‹ Ŵjh Ų ȁ
h h h û ğ h kq i h
m
ğ i
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ ȇ
ĵŶŰŘŦ ȥb
űû Źj j ļŠɔjKk Jbh űû Źj j ɋĵhķA;h Ŵjû Ųbh ͗ ǻ
j
û
û bh űû ŹjŵŠ ʆh Ň˯
h û Ġ h ǓŠ h ? űû Źi Šɰh ûŽʼnh Ÿh bh űû Źi Šɰh žû hȼļh Ł‹
͘ ˈž
j j
ð j
p Ūj ļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
h
m h
ğ
i h h
źû ɉbh Āj ôajIĵĸjh Š Ŵjû Ų ;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh Ājŷjķ djʼnŹû Ȭh jĬ‹ cʼnh Ÿ ūj ɉŠə
h
l i h
h i
h
h Ģhli
h ȑ‹ğ ū
h û=
h h l Aźȡi Ǩ
ŴŽj
Ɍj ʤb= ͙ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲğ űŹi Ŷû ȭ řh j ĸơ
h h
iû
û iû h h Š h û i i Š h û h h
ĵŹh j ķ ŋû ŧȲhŽ `jıŦ ô Cźğ ĸi Ġȍ‹bh űh Ȳơ‹
b Ķɮjŭů‹ űŹɰžȩA;
h
h l i ûğ qûh h hûğh û h h m h i Ģ h
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
͚ ŴɆ
j j ķ ĵŹjķ Aźŏɀů ĵŲźũ ĵŹjķ ĵŶȣb ʼnŪȯ ;j ƅİʧ
who have gone astray.” 78 So when he saw the sun
rising, he said, “This is my lord; this is bigger.” But
when it set, he said, “O my people, I am innocent
of whatever you associate (with Him). 79 I have
directed my face towards the One Who originated
the heavens and the earth—turning away from all
that is false—and in no way am I one of the
polytheists.” 80 And his people debated with him.
He said, “Do you debate with me about Allah when
He has guided me? I do not fear what you associate
with Him unless my Lord were to will something.
My Lord has embraced everything in knowledge.
Will you not remind yourselves? 81 And how is it
that I should fear that which you associate with
Him, while you do not fear associating with Allah
that of which He has bestowed upon a you no
authority from on high? So which of the two groups
is more entitled to security, if you (really) know?” 82
Those who have attained faith and have not
confounded their faith with injustice—for those is
security, and they are guided. 83 And that was Our
argument which We brought to Abraham against
his people; We elevate by degreesb whomever We
will. Indeed, yoursg Lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing.
And We gave him Isaac and Jacob; each of them
84
We guided. And We guided Noah previously, and
from his offspring David and Solomon and Job and
Joseph and Moses and Aaron. And thus We repay
those who excel in doing good. 85 And Zechariah
and John and Jesus and Elias—every one of them
is of the righteous. 86 And Ishmael and Elijah and
Jonah and Lot—and every one of them We favored
over all communities. 87 And of their forefathers and
their offspring(s) and their brethren—and We chose
them and guided them to a straight path. 88 Such is
Allah’s guidance; He guides with it whomever He
wills of His servants. But had they associated (others
with God) —whatever they used to do would have
been nullified. 89 Those are the ones to whom We
gave the Scripture and wise judgment and
prophethood. So even if these people now disbelieve
in them, we have surely entrusted them to others
who do not reject them. 90 Those are the ones whom
Allah has guided,
so follow after their guidance.
sg
Say , “I ask of you no reward for it; it is just a
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . He has sent down to you no authority?”
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . We elevate the degrees (ranks) of whomever
We will.”
Qa
Qb
91
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
m ğ i û h û i iŠ h i h i ğ
h h ğ h Ģhli
ȑ‹ ūjɌʤb=
ƅ Ůũ ñ ajʼnļȰ‹ űŹƊʼnŹjĸŦ ðĬ‹ cʼnh Ÿ ŴŽj
h
ğ h i û e û ûh h û i ih û h
û
h ųhۊɿh ûŰj ɉ c
h
Š
͛ǻ
ŋ
Ŭj
J
ƅ
j
j ? źŸ `j? ðˑŋŁ= jŷžŰŠ űȲŰnZŎ=
h
h h Šh h i ğ h h m h l i h û m û h ğ h h ğ l i h h h h
Ǭ
p ȵ ȇ Ĭ‹ ^Ōŵ= ĵŲ Aźɉĵũ Jj? Āj ajKʼnũ Ũń Ĭ‹ AbKʼnũ ĵŲb
ğ h h û hh h û h ûi û h k
Š h Ɋi Ājŷjķ ;h m ĵŁh dȑ‹
Šɮjŭů‹ ^Ōŵ= ŴŲ Ůũ ˍp;ƾ ŴjŲ
ƽź
j Ķ
h i h hh ih i hûh
qih q i
ğ k
ĵŹh ȫbʼni ĸû ȩ ōɀj
ŚAŋũ ÿŷŵźŰšƏ Mĵ
ˌ j ŶŰj ů cʼnŸb ˊKźŵ
i im m h i h lm i h û h ûh ğ i û k i h q h h iûi h
űð û ȱ>ĵhķA;h ƅbh űû ļŵ
= AźųŰšȩ űɉ ĵŲ űļųj ŰŠb ðˊǞjĿŬ `źŧƛb
i
h ihûh û û h
i h i iğ
f Šɮjh Ŭ AŊh Šɪh bh ͜ `ź
Ķ
ĸšŰŽ űŹj ŗ
Ůj ũ
j źŇ Ǎj űû ŸKû J űğ Ȫ ðĬ‹
i
x h h i iŠh û h h
h û Ȩh djȑ‹ğ \ji ʼnk ŕh ŲĠ ]
Š ŋh Ūi ûů‹ _ğ = Kjh ŊŶi jȋbh jŷûŽʼnh hŽ ǻ
c
KĵĸŲ ŷɰůŌŵ=
ğ
h
h
û
û h h hhû h û h h
i
űû Ÿbh Ājðŷjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b ô ĵŹɉźń ŴŲb
h
hh Š hhû ğ ih û û hh
h Šh h
h i i
Ǜȯ‹ Ŵj ųjɊ űŰŝ= ŴŲb ͝ `źŞj ŦĵhƘ űû Źj j ĻƆŔh ȇ
ȇc
h h h h x û h ûh h i û h h ğh h i h h û h e h ğ
j = ^ĵũ b= ĵķŊj Ŭ jĬ‹
^ĵũ ŴŲb ;ƾ jŷȎj? GźŽ űɉb Ǔj? Ƹb
h
ğ
h
i ğ ^h Ōŵ
h = m ĵŲh Ůh Ŀjû Ų ^i ŌŵiįŎh
Ģ ŋh hĻ źû h ɉbh ñĬ‹
Ǎj `źųji ۊɾů‹ jJj? c
j
û
lm i û h û ûh lm i h i h h hû h
h
Ģ ųɉ‹b D
AźŁŋj Ň= űŹj ŽjʼnŽɁ AźśjŎĵķ ĹŭjɌˁ
j źû ųh ɉ‹ D
j Š ɷh ųh Ȯ
h i ih i i h
i h i h
h Ŋh Šh `h bû Ōh ûƏi _h źû hȎ‹û űi Ȳ
i û ɉ‹ BA
`źɉźŪȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ `ź
Ź
ŏŧŵ=
ð
j
h i û h ûh
h h û h û i i h k hû h û h ğ h h
͞ `bǚ
ǞȮ jĬ‹ ȇ
j ŭļŏȶ ĀjŷjļŠɔA; Ŵȭ űļŶȡb Ũj ơ‹
û h
h h i ûh h h Š h hi h iiû û hhh
IŠɷŦ ĵŵźųļĴŁ
űļi ȡŋh Ļbh p ˅ŋğ Ɋh ^bğ = űû ȲŠɰh ŪŰŇ ĵųh Ŭ c
j ʼnŪůb
û
i
i Šh ğ h
Š ŋh hŵ ĵŲh bh ðűû ȡi KźŹi ŝi ;h m AKh bh űû Ȳ
ɰůźŇ ĵŲğ
űû Ȳšh Ųh c
j
ğh
hh li h h i û i
h h ğ i i hmh h i
ʼnŪů Aİô Ģ ɦǨ
űȲžjȯ űû Źi ȫɁ űû ļi ųû ȭLh ŴŽj
ȑ‹ űȱ;ĵšŧő
ğ
h i h i i ğ i h ğ h h û i hûh h ğ hğ
`j?ø ͟ `źųi ȭŌû Ļ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵŲ űȲŶŠ Ůŗb űȲŶɀķ şśŪȩ
û
û i Š h ğ h k hû i h h ğ
ûi
ğ h ûů‹ Fi ŋƞ
Fi ŋj ƥbh ĺ
j j žk ųh ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ƻ
j ơ‹ Ũj ůĵŦ Ĭ‹
j ðcźȍ‹b Ķ
h
ğ
h
h i h û i Š h i ğ i i Šh k h û h
k ųh û ɉ‹
Ũji ůĵŦ ͠ `źŭŦİĻ ƭ
ɂŦ ðĬ‹ űȲj ůə ôƻ
ů‹
Ŵj
Ų
ĺ
ž
j
j
j
q h û i h h hû h h û ğ h qh h hûğ hh h h j h û û
ô ĵȫĵĸŏń ŋųŪů‹b ōųŒɉ‹b ĵŶŭŎ ŮȎ‹ ŮšŁb GĵĸŔƃ‹
j
ğ
û
û
h
h
û
i
i
h
h i h h h
űi Ȳů Ůšh Łh djȑ‹ źh Ÿbh ͡ űžj
j Űšů‹ ŌɆ
j Ōj šů‹ ŋŽjʼnŪȩ ūj ɉŠə
reminder for all mankind.” 91 And they did not value
Allah as He should be valued when they said, “In
no way has Allah sent down anything on any human
being.” Say, “Who sent down the Scripture which
Moses came with—a light and guidance for
mankind? Youpl makea of it parchments, disclosing
them and hiding much. And youpl were taught what
you did not k now—neither you, nor your
forefathers.” Saysg, “Allah (revealed it).” Then leave
them in their indulgence in vain talk, playing. 92
And this is a Scripture that We sent down, blessed,
confirming what preceded it, and that youb may
warn the Mother of Townsc and those around it.
Thus those who believe in the Hereafter believe in
it, and they preserve their prayers. 93 For who is
more unjust than someone who fabricated lies
against Allah or said, “It was revealed to me,” when
nothing had been revealed to him, and someone
who said, “I will send down the like of what Allah
has sent down”? And if only yousg could see the
unjust ones in the perplexities of death as the angels
stretch their hands: “Get yourselves out; today you
are being repaid with the punishment of shame on
account of what you used to say about Allah other
than the truth, and for acting arrogantly towards His
signs.” 94 “And most surely youpl have come to Us
individually, just as We created you the first time,
and you have left behind your backs whatever We
granted you. Yet We do not see with you your
intercessors—those you claimed were associates in
you. Most surely, the link between you was d
severed, and what you had claimed has strayed
from you.” 95 Indeed, Allah is the Splitter of the
grain and the fruit stone. He brings out the living
from the deade, and (He is) the Bringer Out of the
dead from the livingf. Such is Allah, so how can
youpl be averted (from the truth)? 96 (He is) the Splitter of
the daybreak, and He has madeg the night for rest
and the sun and the moon for calculation; such is
the determining of the Almighty, the All-Knowing.
And it is He Who made for you the stars, that you
97
may be guided by them in the darkness(es) of land
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “They make of it parchments, disclosing them and hiding much.”
Qb
Shuʻba read it as: “. . . and that it may warn . . .”
c
Makkah.
d
All except for Nafieʻ, Hafs, Al-Kesa’i and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Most surely, the link between you became severed . . .”
e
A grammatical shift in Arabic from a nominal sentence to a verbal sentence.
f
A grammatical shift in Arabic from a verbal sentence to a nominal sentence.
Qg
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . and the Maker of the night for rest . . .”
Qa
92
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
û h h û hû h khû
l hû h i Ġ
hi i
Ȋ‹b ǚ
ĵŶh Űŕğ Ŧ ʼnû ũ ˍŋj Ņ
ȍ‹
j Š ʅŰŝ Ǎj ĵŹh j ķ Abʼni ļŹh jȋ _źł
j ů‹ ĺ
h
h
ûğ
h
h h
h
i h m ğ hih
ōp ŧȫ ŴjŲk űȱįŒȸ= dj
ȑ‹ źŸb ͢ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹
x hh û h h
h
h
hû ğ h ûh x h h û
ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ ĵŶŰŕŦ ʼnũ ñ SIźû ļŏɊi bh ŋk Ūļŏųi ȯ p CʼnjńŠɩh
h hû
û hh m m ğ h hh h m ğ hi h
ĵŶh Łû ŋh ŇįŦ ;q ĵŲh j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ ^Ōŵ= djȑ‹ źŸb ͣ `źŹi ŪŧȬh
q
ûĠ q h iû h û h û hh û h ki h hh
ĵĸk ńh ŷi Ŷjû Ų Fi ŋj Ɲ ˊǴ
j Ň ŷŶjŲ ĵŶŁŋŇįŦ ;p ƾ ȁ
j Dĵĸȫ Ājŷjķ
û ğ h h q hh Ġ
ğh h x h h x û h û h
Ŵjû Ųk ĺ
p Š ɰŁb ĹžjȫAI `Aźh Ŷj ũ ĵŹjšŰŚ ŴjŲ Ůj ňȍ‹ ŴjŲb ĵĸjŬAǛŲ
lm i i
û h
h h i hû h h q h û i h ğĠ h h iûğ h
h
Š
AbŋŞŵ‹ ˍŷg j ĸɺȽŲ ǞȮb ĵŹjĸȽŒɊ `ĵŲŋɉ‹b `źļɆŌɉ‹b Bĵ
p Ŷȭ=
h
k
m
ğ
h
h û i h
ûhh h û h
hh h
ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
p Š ɔ˗ űȲj ůŠə Ǎj `j? mĀjôŷjšŶɆb ŋh ųȪɁ AJj? mĀj aŋj ųȪ ǓŠ j ?
û hmhh i ğ l i h h h
h l i h
hh h
h i ûi
ÿȔi Aźũŋh Ňbh ðűû Źi ŪŰŇbh Ŵğ Ơ‹
j ;ȢǨ jĬj AźŰšŁb ͤ `źŶjŲİŽ
h i
h Šh Šh h h i h Š h û i û
hhh h h
ûh
`źŧŕj hŽ ĵųğ ȭ ǔ
ɿĻb ÿŷŶɳĸŎ ˈˏ p ŰjŠ Ǟ
ģ ŠɰɅb ǻjȿķ
j Ťjķ ĺ
hû h
i i h Šğ h
h h ğ şŽ
x h bh ÿȔi h `ź
ûűhɉbh Ȑ
i ʼnj hķ ͥ
j
ȲŽ ƭɁ ˌP˱Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ği h h h h x h Š h iğ i h
i
h Ÿi bh ˌp;ƾ
û h Ůk Ȳ
û h ȁ
;g ƾ
ķ
ź
ŨŰŇb ð ĹĸŅ
j ɞ ÿȔ ŴȲĻ
j
j
ğ
h
ki i h h i
h h m û i Ġh iğ i i h
x h
ȁ
j Ũj ۊɗ ðźŸ ƅj? ŷŠɧj? ƅ ðűȲɅK Ĭ‹ űȲj ůŠə ͦ űžj ŰŠ
i i ğ
k i Šh h h i h i i i û h û h
x
û h ȁ
ŷi ȡjKʼnû Ļ ƅ ͧ Ůžj ȡbh p;ƾ
źŸb ôabʼnĸȭĭŦ p;ƾ
j ȇ
h
h
i ğ h i h hŠ h û û i û i h i h iŠ h ûh û
h û ťž
i ĸƢ‹
ʼnû ũ ͨ Ǟ
śj Űɉ‹ źŸb ð ŋɻķƁ‹ ]jKʼnŽ źŸb ŋɻķƁ‹
j
m
û h h h ûh û h h û i kğ
i m
ķɁ Ŵųȯ ðűȲjɅK ŴjŲ ŋi j ɋĵŕh hķ űȱ;h ĵŁh
Ŵû Ųh bh Ājðŷ jŏŧŶjh ŰŦ Dz
h h h
i ûh h úhh m hh hûh h h h h
h
ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ͩ Ŝž
p jŧƔj űȲžŰŠ ĵŵɁ ĵŲb ô ĵŹžŰšȯ ǖ
jŠ
ik h i
h
h h
h
h Ŏû Kh Ih l AźiɉźŪi Ȏ
h j bh ĺ
`źųi Űšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ÿŷi Ŷh j žk hȼi jȍbh ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ [Dz
j ŵ
h
i
û û
h h h j mh û ğ
i ğ h mh h
Pŋj Š=bh ðźh Ÿ ƅj? ŷh Š ɧj? ƅ ðūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ūûȎj? Ƹb
= ĵŲ şjĸĻ‹ ͪ
l i h û h m h iğ hm h ûh h
h û
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹ ŴŠh
= ĵŲ Ĭ‹ ;ĵő źɉb ͫ ǻj
ūŠɰh Űšh Łh ĵŲh bh Aźñ ȡǨ
j
j
h
l Ġ ih hh
hh
h
m
q
h
h
h
û
û
h
û
h
h
Aźĸŏȶ ƅb ͬ Ůžj
p ȡźjķ űŹj žŰŠ ĺŵ= ĵŲb ðĵŞžjŧń űŹj žŰŠ
h i ûh h ğ
i
û h üh û h h ğ l Ġ i h h ğ
Ǟ
j I ŴjŲ `źŠʼnŽ ŴŽjȑ‹
j Ťjķ ˊbʼnŠ Ĭ‹ AźĸŏɀŦ jĬ‹ `b
ki ğğh h h h û
û Ųğ űŹɅk Kh ǓŠ h ? űğ Ȫi űû Źi hŰųh ȭh Ĺg Ųğ i= Ȃj
ŋ
űû Źi ši Ł
j
j
ˍp ŰjŠ
jj
j ů ĵŶɆL ūj ɉŠɶŬ ˈ
and sea. Surely, Wea have detailed the signs for
people who know. 98 And it is He Who initiated you
from a single self, then a place of settlementb and a
storage. Surely, Wea have detailed the signs for
people who comprehend. 99 And it is He who sent
down water from the sky, and with it Wea brought
out the germination of everything, then We brought
out from it greenery from which We bring outc
layered grain. And out of the palm-trees—from
their spathes— clusters of dates, hanging low, and
gardens of grapevines, and the olives, and the
pomegranates—similard yet dissimilare. Look at its
produce when it has yielded its produce and (look at)
its ripening. Most surely in that are signs for people
who believe. 10 0 Yet they made for Allah
associates—the unseen beingsf —although He
created them, and they inventedg for Him sons and
daughters, without (any) knowledge. Highly Exalted
is He and Most High, far above what they describe.
Originator of the heavens and the earth—how
101
can He have offspring when He never had a consort?
And He created everything, and He is All-Knowing
of everything. 102 Such is Allah, your pl Lord; there
is no God but He, the Creator of everything, so
worship Him, for He is the Ultimate Trustee over
everything. 103 Sight(s) cannot grasp Him, while He
grasps all sight (s), and He is the Subtle, the AllAware. 104 “Insights have indeed come to youpl from
your Lord, so whoever sees does so to his own
benefit, while whoever remains blind does so to his
own detriment. And I am not a constant preserver
over youpl.” 105 And thus We diversify the signs, and
so that they say, “Yousg have studiedh,” and so that
We make it evident for people who have knowledge.
Follow what was revealed to you from your
106
Lord—there is no god but He—and disregard the
polytheists. 107 And had Allah willed, they would
not have associated (others with Him). And We did not
make you as a constant preserver over them, and in
no way are you a trustee over them. 108 Yet do not
insult those they call upon apart from Allah lest
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
ʻAmr and Rouh read it as: “. . . then a settled one and a stored one.”
Ibn Kathir, Abu
c
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
d
In kind.
e
In taste.
f
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
Qg
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and they kept inventing for Him sons and daughters . . .”
Qh
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . they say, ‘You have studied with someone’ . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . they say, ‘(That is) outdated’ . . .”
a
Qb
93
PART 7. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
l i h
ûh
h h
h i
ğ l
ʼnh Źû Łh jĬĭjķ Aźųi ŏh ũ=bh ͭ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ űŹi Ĵi j ĸk ȿži ȯ
ğ ûi
h
ğ i Ųİû iȎğ xĹhŽA;h űû Źi ȩû ;h m ĵŁh ŴɌhů űû ŹŶŠʅh ûŽɁh
i Š ɔ˖‹
ĺ
ĵųh ȫj? Ůũ ô ĵŹh j ķ Ǻj
j jj
h
û
h
û h û m h m ğ i
ğ h
ͮ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ D;h ĵŁh AJj? ĵŹh ȫɁ űû ȱŋi jšŒiȹ ĵŲh bh ðjĬ‹ ʼnŶj
Š
h
h
h
l
k
h
h
h
hi
hh û
i h û
h
i ûi
p ˅ŋğ Ɋ ^bğ = mĀjŷjķ AźŶjŲİŽ űû ɉ ĵųh Ŭ űû Ÿŋh Š ɻķɁbh űû Źi ȩʼnnZj Ŧ= Ķji ŰŪȫbh
h m û h ğh hh
û
h
i hh
űi Źj Ȏû j ? ĵhȍŌğ ŵ ĵŶh ȫɁ źû ɉbø
ͯ `źŹi ųh šû Ȭh űû Źj j ŶŠɱh ŤŚi Ǎj űû ŸKi Ŋŵbh
q i û h ği û ûh h h û h h h h û hû i i h ğh h h h h hû
Š źųɉ‹ űŹųȣb ĹŭjɌˁ
Ģ ųɉ‹
ȁ űŹj žŰŠ ĵŵǬńb Ș
Ɔĸi Ȱ p;ƾ
h
h
mğ l û l i h
h iğ hm hh
i hh û
űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= Ŵğ Ȳ
;ĵŒȹ `= ƅj? Aźm Ŷji ŲİiȎj Aźŵǽ ĵŲğ
j Š ɧbh Ĭ‹
k i h û h h h Šh h h
h ihûh
h śŠɱh őh ˊbkq ʼni Šh Ʊ
k hŵ Ȃj
ɶ
ȡ
b
ů
ĵ
Ŷ
Ű
š
Ł
Ͱ
ǻ
ūj
ɉ
`ź
ŰŹƒ
j
gj j
û
h
hû h û
i
h ōj ȸƃ‹û
j iŽ Ŵjk Ơ‹
b
^j źû Ūů‹ [ŋi ŇLi Ŗp šû Ȩh ǓŠ j ? űû Źi Řšû Ȩh Ƹź
j
j
h ih û h h h û i û h h i i h h h h Ġ h hm h ûh h q i i
ͱ `bǛŧȬ ĵŲb űŸKŊŦ ðaźŰšȯ ĵŲ ūɅK ;ĵő źɉb ˊô Kbŋţ
h i ûi h h ğ i h ûh ûh Ģ h û h h
û h ůbh j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭķ `ź
iaźû ŗh Ǟj
j ŶjŲİŽ ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹ CʼnnZj Ŧ= jŷȎj? njŕ jȋb
h ğ hûh hh
h
h i h ûĠ i h l i h ûh h
ĵųq ŭńh njj ļh Ȩû Ɂ jĬ‹ Ǟ
Ťȯ= Ͳ `źŦǛ
j ŪŲ űŸ ĵŲ AźŦǛ
j ŪȎj b
h
ğ
ğ
q
i ûh hh
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ űi Ȳ
h ȑ‹bh ô Ɔŕğ ŧh Ųi Ķ
m ȑ‹ źh Ÿi bh
ŴŽj
Ȏj? ^Ōŵ= dj
h k ğ k x ğh i i ğh h i h û h h Šh û i iŠh ûh h
k hû ķ ū
ˌŨj ơĭ
j j ɅK ŴjŲ ^ǣŲ ÿŷŵɁ `źųŰšȬ Ķɮjŭů‹ űŹɰžȩA;
h i h hh
h
û ųğ ȩh bh ͳ ŴɆ
i ųjh ǿh ĺ
h Ǜh ųû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫź
ūjɅk Kh ĺ
Ȳ Ļ ƆŦ
j
ğ źh Ÿi bh ĀjŷjļŠʅjh Ȁjh ů ^jh ʼnk ĸh Ųi ƅğ ƅq ʼnû Šh bh ĵũq ʼnû Ŕ
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
ʹ űžj
j
ô
ô
h
h
û
û û i
ğ
h h h Ġ i j Ɓ‹ Ǎ ŴŲh ǜ
hhȱ
= şśj Ļ `˯
jôĬ‹ Ůž
j
j j ȼŎ ŴŠ ]źŰŘj Ž P˱
ûh ğ i û
ğ
h
ğ ğ h ğ
h
ūɅğ Kh `j? ͵ `źŔi ŋi ƞ ƅj? űû Ÿ `˯ Ŵğ Şů‹ ƅj? `źši j ĸȽhŽ `j?
h
hŽ ŴŲh űi hŰŠû h= źh Ÿi
h ʼnļh Źû ųi û ɉĭķ űi hŰŠû = źh Ÿi bh ĀjŷjŰžȼŎh ŴŠh ŮĠ Ř
ŴŽj
j
ð j
j
i
h
ğ i û h i ğ l iih
h
i Ŭ `? jŷžû ŰŠh jĬ‹
űŎ‹ ŋjŬJ ĵųjɊ AźȀŦ Ͷ
ĀjŷjļŠɔ˲ űļŶ
j
û
ğ
l
ğ
i h h û i h hh
û ŋjh ŬJi ĵųjğ Ɋ AźiŰȱ
h ŶŲj İû Ɋi
įĻ ƅɁ űȲů ĵŲb ͷ ǻj
jĬ‹ űi Ŏ‹
ğ
hh
i h h
i h h h h
ĵŲh ƅj? űû Ȳžû ŰŠ _h ŋğ ńh ĵŲğ űȲů Ůŕğ Ŧ ʼnû ũbh jŷžû ŰŠ
û ûh
h i
mh û h h Ġ iğ q h ğ
û
Ť
ˈˏ g ŰjŠ Ǟ
ķ
ű
Ź
ɋ
j Ȏ ˊǞjĿŬ `˯ ˍjŷûȎj? űû ȩKû ŋj śi ŗ‹
j j j j AźŸįjķ `źŰŘ
they insult Allah out of hostility, without knowledge.
Thus Wea have adorned for every community their
work, then to their Lord is their return, and He will
inform them of what they used to do. 109 And they
swore by Allah their most solemn oaths that if a
sign were to come to them, they would believe in it.
Say, “Signs are only with Allah,” but how do you
know that evenb if it did come, theyc would still not
believe? 110 And We turn away their burning hearts
and their sight(s) as they did not believe in it the first
time, and We leave them to wander aimlessly while
exceeding all limits. 111 And even if We bestowed
the angels upon them from on high and the dead
spoke to them and We herded everything before
them, they would still not believe unless Allah
wills, but most of them are ignorant. 112 And thus
We made for every prophet an enemy—Satans from
among humans and unseen beingsd—revealing to
one another fancy words in order to deceive. But
had yoursg Lorde willed, they would not have done
it, so leave them to their fabrications. 113 And so that
the burning hearts of those who do not believe in
the Hereafter may incline to it, and that they may
be well pleased with it, and that they may perpetrate
whatever they perpetrate. 114 “Shall I seek a judge
other than Allah when He is the One Who sent
down to you the Scripture, explained in detail?”
And those to whom We gave the Scripture know
that it is the truth, bestowed from on highf by your
Lorde, so never besg of those who doubt. 115 Thus the
Wordg of yoursg Lord has been completed, in truth
and justice. None can change His words, and He is
the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. 116 But if yousg
were to obey most of those on earth, they would
make you stray from the way of Allah. They follow
nothing but assumptions, and they do nothing but
guess. 117 Indeed, your Lord is the One Who knows
better about who strays from His way, and it is He
who knows better about who the guided are. 118 So
eatpl of that over which the Name of Allah has been
A grammatical shift from 3 person to 1 person.
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Yaʻqub, Khalaf and Shuʻba in one of his narrations read it as: “. . . but how do you know? Indeed,
even if it did come they would still not believe.”
Qc
Ibn ʻAmer and Hamza read it as: “. . . youpl would still not believe?”
d
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
e
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qf
All except for Ibn ʻAmer and Hafs read it as: “. . . sent down by your Lord . . .”
Qg
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “Thus the Words of your Lord have been . . .”
a
rd
st
Qb
94
PART 8. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
h
û û h Šh l ih h
h hû iû ih û h i h ğh ğ
űj ľƃ‹
j ŋŹj ɡ AbKJb ͸ ŴŽjʼnļšųɉĭjķ űŰŠ= źŸ ūɅK `j?
l i h h h ûh û i h hû û h i û h h ğ ğ mih hh
Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ `bŌłžŎ űȪƃ‹
j `źĸ jŏȲŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ÿô ŷŶjŚĵɅb
hû h ğ i û h û i û h ğ l i i û h h h
h i hûh
jŷžŰŠ jĬ‹ űŎ‹ ŋj ŬŊŽ űɉ ĵųjɊ AźŰȱįĻ ƅb ͹ `źŦǛ
j ŪȬ
h
h h i ih h h ğ
h
m
ğ
ğ
Ģ j ? `ź
űû Źj j ɋĵhȎj bû = Ǔ
ńźȎ ǻśj ŠɱŒɉ‹ `˯ ñ Ũx ŏjû ŧů ÿŷi ŵ˯
h
h i û ih û i ğ û i iiû hh û û i i Šh i
ŴŲh bh = ͺ `źȡǬ
j ųɉ űȲŵj? űŸźųļšŚ= `˯ ðűȡźɉjʼnɲȎj
q iŵ ÿȔi h ĵŶh ûŰšh Łh bh ŷi Šɰh žû žh ńû hįhŦ ĵļq žû Ųh `h ǽh
Ǎj Ājŷjķ ǀj ųû Ȭh ˊKź
h
ih
h
Ġ
ûk
û h Š ʅh iŰŞů‹
j ğȍ‹
Ǎj ÿŷi ŰĿŲğ Ŵųh Ŭ Mĵ
ô ĵŹh ŶjŲ Fp jKĵƚj ōh ɀů ĺ
j
l i h
h û h k i h Šh h
h i
h h h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
Űj ɉ ŴjɆL ūj ɉɶŬ
ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ͻ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲh ŴɆ
j
h
i û h h ûi h Šh
h ki
hû h h
h ȯ l Abŋi ŭ
ĵŲh bh ðĵŹžj
ųȎj ĵŹžjŲŋj ƣ ǚj ɦ= Ĺg Ɇh ŋû ũ ȁ
j Ǎj ĵŶŰšŁ
û
û m h
h
i h ğ h i
űû Źi ȩ;h ĵŁh AJ˯ ͼ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ĵŲh bh űû Źj jŏŧŵįjķ ƅj? `bŋi ŭųû Ȭh
ğ i i i h i m h h û Šh û i Š ğ h h û Ġ h l i h x h h
òjĬ‹
ŮŎK Șb
j = ĵŲ ŮĿjŲ Șİŵ Ʋń ŴjŲİŵ Ŵů Aźɉĵũ ĹŽA;
l i h û h h ğ i
h
h û h iğ
i ûh i
AźɊŋŁ= ŴŽjȑ‹ Ķžŕj ži Ŏh ÿñ ŷi hȋĵŎh jK Ůšh ƒ Ľžû ńh űi ŰŠ= Ĭ‹
h i l i h
x h h h ğ h
i ʼnőh BA
f Ťh Ŕh
ŊŠb jĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ Kĵ
ͽ `bŋi ŭųû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ü ʼnŽj
h û
h
û h ûh ih ûh h iğ
ȹ ÿŷŽjʼnŹȬ `= Ĭ‹ jIŋj iŽ Ŵųh ȯ
ŴŲh bh ˌűj Š ʄŎû Ƅjj ɉ ÿiaKh ʼnû Ŕh GǬ
û ûh ğ i h û i
ğhh
e h
ʼni šğ ŕğ hŽ ĵųh ȫɂŬ ĵŁq ŋh ńh ĵŪjžk ŗ ÿiaKh ʼnû Ŕh Ůšh ƒ ÿŷi ŰŘ
j Ž `= Iŋj Ž
h h ğ hh h û k iğ ihûh h h h mh ğ
ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹ ȇ ōŁŋɉ‹
j Ĭ‹ Ůšƒ ūj ɉŠɶŬ ˏ ;j ĵųŏɉ‹ Ǎj
û h h q h û i h kh i h
h h
h
û
ĵŶh Űŕğ Ŧ ʼnû ũ ñĵųžj
ŪļŏɊ ūjɅK QŠɷ jŔ AŊŠɪbh ; `źŶji ŲİiŽ
h ğ
h ğ ğh h
h
h h
k h
j Š ɔ˖‹
ðűû Źj j ɅKh ʼnŶjŠ űj Š ʄŏɉ‹ KAi I űû Źi ɉø Ϳ `bŋi ŬŊŽ ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
h ihûh l i h h iĠ h hih
q Ʀh űû Ÿi Ǭ
i i ûƘh _h źû Ɇh bh ΀ `ź
ĵšžj
ŰųšȬ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ űŹȎj b źŸb
h
û h k iûh û h û h k û h h û h h
h h
i im
űŸ>ĵhȎj bû = ^ĵũbh ōȸ
ˌ j ƃ‹
j ǬšųŠɔ
j ŴjŲ űĻǜŭļŎ‹ ʼnj ũ Ŵj Ơ‹
h
h m ûh
i
û ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ōȸƃ‹û Ŵjh Ųk
ĵŶh ŰŁh = ĵŶh ŤŰɅh bh Ŗp šû ĸh j ķ ĵŶh Řšû Ȩh şh ļh ųû ļh Ŏ‹
j j
ğ
h
û
h
mh h Šh û i Š hûh i ğ
h
h ŰŁğ h= dj
m ȑ‹ğ
ĵŲh ƅj? ĵŹžj
ȯ ŴŽjȒj ɗ űȲƊźĿŲ Kĵȍ‹ ^ĵũ ô ĵhȍ ĺ
k i h h h
h
h ğh ğ iğ hm h
x ŰŠh űžj
f ŭńh ū
Ŗšû Ȩh Ƞj źh ŵ ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ΁ űžj
ɅK `j? Ĭ‹
ô ;ĵő
mentioneda, if you indeed believe in His signsb. 119
And why should you not eat of that over which the
Name of Allah has been mentioneda when He hasc
detailed for you what He hasd prohibited for you,
except that to which you are compelled? And many
do indeed lead (others) e astray with their whims
without (any) knowledge. Indeed, yoursg Lord knows
better who the transgressors are. 120 So leavepl aside
apparent sin as well as what is concealed thereof.
Indeed, those who earn sin will definitely be repaid
on account of what they used to perpetrate. 121 And
do not eat from that over which the Name of Allah
was not mentioneda, for it is grave disobedience.
And the Satans do indeed reveal to their allies to
argue with youpl; but if you obey them, you would
surely be polytheists. 122 Is he who was lifeless, then
We revived him and made for him a light by which
he walks among mankind, as one whose likeness is
in darkness(es), never emerging from them? Thus
whatever the deniers have been doing was adorned
for them. 123 And thus We set up in every town its
leading criminals to scheme in it, but they scheme
only against themselves, though they are unaware.
And when a sign comes to them, they say, “We
124
will not believe unless we are brought the like of
what was brought to Allah’s messengers.” Allah
knows better where to set His messagef. Abasement
(decreed) by Allah will afflict those who committed
crimes, and severe punishment (too), on account of
what they used to scheme. 125 Whomever Allah
wants to guide, He expands his chest to (accept)
Islam; and whomever He wants to lead astray, He
makes his chest tight, constrictedg, as though he
were gradually ascendingh in the sky. Allah thus
lays abomination upon those who do not believe. 126
And this is your Lord’s path, straight. Wei have
surely detailed the signs for people who constantly
The Arabic word used also means ‘remembered’.
b
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qc
All except Nafieʻ, Hafs, Abu Jaʻfar, Yaʻqub, Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . when what has been
prohibited for you has been detailed for you . . .”
Qd
Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . when He has detailed for you what has been prohibited for you . . .”
Qe
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, and Khalaf read it as: “And many do indeed go astray with their whims . . .”
Qf
All except for Ibn Kathir and Hafs read it as: “. . . His messages.”
Qg
Nafieʻ, Shuʻba and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . He makes his chest tight, very constricted . . .”
Qh
Ibn Kathir read it as: “as though he were ascending in the sky.”
Shuʻba read it as: “. . . as though he were ascending on and on in the sky.”
i
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
a
95
PART 8. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
û h h ûh h
ğ
h i û h l i h h üh û h h
Ŵjk Ơ‹
j ǬšųŠɔ ΂ `źĸ jŏȲŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ ˋŘšȨ ǻųj j ۊɾů‹
û h
x
i
i hh h
i
i û hh
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ `źŕĠ ŪȬh űû ȲŶjŲk ŮŎi Ki űû Ȳj ĻįhŽ űû ɉɁ ōȸ
j ƃ‹
j b
i û h h m h û i h i i h Šh h
Ģ h h ĵhŵʼnû Źj őh l Aźiɉĵhũ ôˑŊh Šɪh űû Ȳj
ȇ
ŲźŽ ;ĵŪj ů űȲŵbKjŊŶɆb Ʋj ɔA;
h
h
h
l
ğ
i Ģ h i h h h û Ġ i Š h hû i i û ğ h h h i h
űû Źi ȫɁ űû Źj jŏŧŵ= ȇ
AbʼnŹj őb ĵžȫȐ‹ Cźžơ‹ űŹȩŋţb ðĵŶ jŏŧŵ=
ğ h h h
h
h
h l i h
i
h ŋjŧŠɦ
ūj ŰŹû Ɋi ūɅĠ Kğ ŴȲhŽ űû ů `= ūj ɉŠə ΃ ŴɆ
Aźŵǽ
j
h
ki h
h i Šh h i û h û i Š h iû
x Š ɕh Kh Ih Ȃj
ĵųjğ Ɋk ĺ
p ůb ΄ `źŰŧj ɣ ĵŹŰŸ=b ˈp ŰŞjķ cŋŪů‹
l i h
h i
h h
h
h Ġh h
Ġ Ťh ûů‹ ū
ƴ
ɅKb ΅ `źŰųh šû Ȭh ĵųğ ȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ ūɅĠ Kh ĵŲh bh Aźô Űųj Š
j
i
û û h
û û
i
h û ŋɉ‹
ğ bJi
ĵŲğ űȡjʼnšû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ťj Űňļh ŏû h ȹbh űû Ȳĸjû ŸŊiŽ įŒhȹ `j? ˏjĹƧ
ğ
h h ûh ğki k i h h h mh h im hh
h ŋŇA
ĵŲh `j? Ά ŴɆ
j ; ˉg źũ jĹɆjKJ ŴjŲ űȱįŒȸ= ĵųŬ ;ĵŒȹ
l i h û û h h ûi
h i h i
i h= m ĵŲh bh D˗ `b
h Ōłšû ųi ķ űļŵ
AźŰųȭ‹ _j źŪŠ ɔ Ůũ · ŴɆ
ʼnŠźĻ
ˌp
j j j
k i h h Šh h
h h h h h x
i i h
`źȲĻ ŴŲh `źųi Űšû ȩ [źû ŏh Ŧ ð ŮjɊȕh ƭj j ? űû ȲjļŵǾŲh ȇ
û h ğ ğ i h Šh ih
ğ
h
ğ l i
ĹĸjŪɢ ÿȔ
jĬj AźŰšh Łh bh Έ `źųji ۊɾů‹ Ńji ŰŧȬi ƅ ÿŷi ŵj? ˏjKAȐ‹
h
û
û
ğ h h l i h h q h Šh û h û h h hh h ğ
ŕj ŵ űj ɿŵƁ‹b E
jĬj AŊŠɪ AźɉĵŪȯ ĵĸž
j ŋơ‹ ŴjŲ =KJ ĵųjɊ
remember. 127 For them is the Home of Peace with
their Lord, and He is their Ultimate Guardian on
account of what they used to do. 128 Thus on the day
He herdsa them all together: “O assembly of unseen
beingsb, you have surely done so much against
humans.” But their allies among humans said c,
“Our Lord, we enjoyed one another, and we have
reached the term that you have assigned for us.” He
said, “The Fire is your dwelling, wherein you abide,
except as Allah wills. Indeed, your Lord is AllWise, All-Knowing. 129 And thus We make the
unjust allies of one another on account of what they
used to earn. 130 “O assembly of unseen beingsb and
humans, did there not come to you messengers from
among you, relating to you My signs and warning
you of the meeting of this day of yours?” They said,
“We have (now) testified against ourselves.” And the
Earlier Life deceived them, and they testified
against themselves that they were deniers. 131 That
is because yoursg Lord would never destroy towns
unjustly while their inhabitants are oblivious. 132
And for all there are degrees (of rank) according to
how theyd acted, and yoursg Lord is not oblivious of
how they act. 133 Thus your sg Lord is the SelfSufficient, the Possessor of mercy. If He wills, He
can do away with youpl and give succession after
you to whomever He wills, just as He initiated you
from the offspring of other people. 134 Indeed, what
you are promised is coming, and in no way can you
thwart (God). 135 Say, “O my people, act according to
your positione, surely, I am also acting (according to
mine); then you will come to know who will have the
future outcome of the (final) Home. Indeed, the
unjust never succeed.” 136 And they set aside for
Allah a share of the (yield of the) fields and the
livestock He created, and they said, “This is for
Allah,” according to their claim, “and this is for our
associates.” But whatever was (deemed) for their
associates does not reach Allah, yet whatever was
(deemed) for Allah reaches their associates. Evil is
their judgment! 137 Likewise, their associates have
adorned for many polytheists the killing of their
h i
mhh i h h h h h mhh i h h h û û h
hh
ɉ `ǽ ĵųȯ ðĵŶjɋȢǬj ɉ AŊŠɪb űŹj ųj ŠŌj ķ
Ǔj? Ůŕj hŽ ƆŦ űû Źj j ɋȢǬj
m h h i Šh i h h i h ğ h h h h ğ
m
Ǔj? Ůŕj Ž źŹȯ jĬj `ǽ ĵŲb ðjĬ‹
ĵŲh ;h ĵŎh ñűû Źj j ɋȢǨ
h h ğ h h Šh h h
h h h
û iû h k
h i i ûh
`ź
ų ŭƘ
ɶ
ȡ
b
Ůļû Ȱ ǻj
ȡǬ
ų
ɉ‹
Ŵj
Ų
Ǟ
Ŀ
ŭj
ů
Ŵ
Ɇ
L
ūj
ɉ
Ή
j
j
p
m
l
û
h
i i û i û i i h h i û Šh û h
h I űû Źžû hŰŠh Aźŏi ȼŰhȎj bh űû Ÿb
źû ɉbh ðűû Źi ŶŽj
IǞj ů űŸ>ȢǨ űjŸʼnj ɧb=
j
j
h ih ûh hh û i û h h i i h h h iğ hm h
mĀj aŊj Šɪh l Aźiɉĵhũbh Ί `b
ǛŧȬ ĵŲb űŸKŊŦ ðaźŰšȯ ĵŲ Ĭ‹ ;ĵő
ğ m
ğ û
m hğ
f
û
hûh
űû Źj ųj ŠŌh j ķ ;i ĵŒȸ ŴŲh ƅj? ĵŹh ųi šh śû Ȭh ƅ ŋx łj
ń Eŋû ńh bh űx Š ɿŵɁ
h i i û h ğ x Šh ûhh h i i i û h k i f Šh ûhh
ğ
û `b
ŋŬŊŽ ƅ űɿŵɁb ĵŸKźŹŝ ĺŲŋj ń űɿŵɁb
jĬ‹ űh Ŏ‹
l
h ih ûh i h h
û žh Ŏh jŷžû hŰŠh ;e m AǛ
h j ûŦ‹ ĵŹh žû hŰŠh
΋ `bǛ
ŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ űŹj ɆŌj ł
ˏ
hi h i ik x
h
h hûh û
h l i hh
ii
_f ŋğ Ƥbh ĵŵjKźŬȑj Ĺŕjh ɉĵŇ űj Š ɿŵƁ‹ j aŊj Šɪ `ź
j śȨ Ǎj ĵŲ Aźɉĵũb
i
i h
û žh Ŏh ;i m Ȣh Ǩ
h ŁŠɩh Lû h= ȇ
û Źi ȯh Ĺq ļh žû Ųğ ŴȲ
h
Ģhh
ðĵ
j
ŷ
žj
ȯ
ű
Ž
`˯
Ŷ
űû Źj ɆŌj ł
ô
j
All except for Hafs and Rouh read it as: “. . . We herd them . . .”
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qd
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . how you acted . . .”
Qe
Shuʻba read it as: “. . . your positions . . .”
Qa
b
96
PART 8. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
lm i hh h ğ h h û h
x ŰŠh űžj
f ŭńh ÿŷi ğŵ? űô û Źi ŧh Ŕû bh
AźŰļȰ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ǫj Ň ʼnũ Ό űžj
j
me h û i ğ i i h h h h l i ğ h h û û h ü h h h û i h Š h û h
;AǛj Ŧ‹ Ĭ‹ űŹȰLK ĵŲ AźɊŋńb ˈp ŰjŠ Ǟ
j Ťjķ ˋŹŧŎ űŸʼnɧb=
ğ hh
h ΍ ŴŽj
h ʼnļh Źû Ɋi l Aźiŵǽh ĵŲh bh l AźŰĠ ŗh ʼnû hũ jôĬ‹
m ȑ‹ğ źh Ÿi bø
ȇ
dj
h
hû
h h
h û ğ
ğh
h û Ȯh bh ĺɝb
Š h ŋi šû Ųh Ǟ
Ůňğȍ‹bh ĺ
p ɝb
p Š ŋi šŲ ĺ
p ŠɰŁ įŒȸ=
h ğĠ h h iûğ h ii i i e hûi h û ğ h
h û Ȯh bh ĵŹq ĸɺ
Šj h hȽŲi `ĵ
Ǟ
Ųŋɉ‹b `źļɆŌɉ‹b ÿŷŰȱ= ĵŧj Űļƥ SKŌɉ‹b
l ii
ûh mh
h
ğ l i
Š h hȽŲi
_h źû hŽ ÿŷi Ūńh AźĻA;h bh ŋh ųh ȪɁ AJj? mĀj aŋj ųh Ȫ ŴjŲ Aźǿ pŷˏ j ĸɺ
h ȯǪû ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi ƅh ÿŷi ğŵ? l Aźm ô iŦǪû i ȶ ƅh bh Āj ajIĵŕh ńh
Ŵjh Ųbh Ύ ǻj
j j
ð
j
l i ğh hh iğ i i hh h ğ l ii q ûh h qh ih hûh û
AźšjĸȽĻ ƅb Ĭ‹ űȲũLK ĵųjɊ Aźǿ ô ĵőŋŦb ĹůźƧ űj Š ɿŵƁ‹
h h
i h iğ Šhû ğ
x ĸŲĠ bx k ʼni Šh űû Ȳ
h i
Ĺžjh ŶŠʅh ľ Ώ ǻ
ů ÿŷŵj? Ŵˏ j ɽžŒɉ‹ D
j Š ʆśi Ň
j
h ğ m ûi ûhû û hû h h ûhû û ğ h k hûh
Ŵj Ɇû ŋh ŬȑA;h Ůũ ˍǻ
j ȿľ‹ Ōj šųɉ‹ ŴjŲb ǻ
j ȿľ‹ `j įŘɉ‹ ŴjŲ ˌpFŠɩL=
h
i
ûhh û i h û ûh h û h h h û ğh ûhh i û jh h ğ h
ˌǻ
j žȾŵƁ‹ _ĵńK= jŷžŰŠ ĺŰųļő‹ ĵŲ= ǻ
j žȾŵƁ‹ _= _ŋń
û
û
i
h ûi
ûhû
h
ikh
h h
ǻ
j ȿľ‹ Ůj j ķƃ‹
j ŴjŲb ΐ ǻjȰʼnj Š ɞ űļŶŬ `j? ˈg Űjšjķ Țź
j nZjĸȫ
h ûhh i û h h h û h ğ m ûi ûhû h û
ğ
h
h
h h h
ĵŲğ = ǻ
j ȿľ‹ ŋj ŪȊ‹ ŴjŲb
j žȾŵƁ‹ _j = _ŋń Ŵj ɆŋŬȑA; Ůũ ˍǻ
û m i i i ûh ûhh i û i h ûh ûh h û h h h û
Jj? ;h Aʼnh Źh ő űû ļŶ
Ŭ _= ˌǻ
j žȾŵƁ‹ _ĵńK= jŷžŰŠ ĺŰųļő‹
h ûh û h h h h iğ i i Š ğ h
ğ hh Š hhû
ğ
i
Ǜ
ȯ‹
Ŵ
ųj
Ɋ
ű
Űŝ= Ŵųȯ ôˑŊŠʇjķ Ĭ‹ űȲƋŔb
ȇ
c
Ĭ‹
j
j
h hğ ğ û û h h ğ ğ ik q h
hû
_h źû Ūů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
`j? ˈˏ g ŰjŠ Ǟ
j Ȏj ĵķjŊŬ
j Ťjķ Mĵȍ‹ ŮŘ
h
hŠ h e ğ h i ğ h h i m h
ğ
m
i
ğ
h
j = ĵŲ Ǎj ʼni Ł
ȇ ĵŲŋƤ Ǔj? Ƹb
j = ƅ Ůũ Α ǻųj j ۊɾů‹
h e i û ğ qh ûh ehûh h i h h m ğ mi i h ûh
bû = ĵńź
ŧŏŲ ĵŲI b= ĹļžŲ `źȲŽ `= ƅj? ÿŷųšśȬ ˈjp ŠĵŚh
ğ ûh ğ i e û ûh f û
i ğ h ǣjŇ űh ơ
ûh
Ājôŷjķ jĬ‹ Ǟ
j Ťj ů ŮjŸ= ĵŪŏj Ŧ b= ōŁjK ÿŷŵjıŦ ŋɆ
j
p
h
h ğ h ğ h h h h pTĵh h û h ğ i û
x ŧi Ȯh ū
xűžjńKğ Kź
ɅK `jıŦ pIȕ ƅb ķ ǞȮ ŋśŗ‹ Ŵj ųh ȯ
l i h h ğ hh h
ği
h û
i i
ŋj ŪhȊ‹ Ŵjh Ųbh ˌŋp ŧŝ djJ ȁ ĵŶh Ųû ŋğ ńh AbIĵŸ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ȇb Β
m h i i i i û hhh h ğ m h i h i i û ûh h hû ğ h hhû h
ĵųŸKźŹŝ ĺŰƧ ĵŲ ƅj? ĵųŹɊźŅő űŹj žŰŠ ĵŶŲŋń űj ŶŤů‹b
h m û h
h û
û
h h û
h b=
űð û Źj j žŤĸh j ķ űŹi Šɰh Ɇû Ōh Łh ūj ɉŠə ˈˏ p Şšh j ķ řh Űļh ҋ ĵŲh bû = ĵhŽAźh ơ‹
j
childrena in order to topple them and confound for
them their religion. And had Allah willed, they
would not have done it, so leave them and what they
fabricate. 138 And they said, “Such livestock and
fields are restricted; none may eat of them except
whom we will,” by their claims, and livestock
whose backs were forbidden, and livestock over
which they do not mentionb the name of Allah—
fabricating lies against Him. He will repay them on
account of what they used to fabricate. 139 And they
said, “What lies in the bellies of such livestock is
exclusively for our males and prohibited to our
spouses.” But if it is stillborn, they can share in it.
He will repay them for their description. Indeed, He
is All-Wise, All-Knowing. 140 Lost indeed are those
who killedc their children foolishly with no basis in
knowledge, and forbade what Allah had provided
for them by fabricating (lies) against Allah. Surely,
they went astray and never were they guided. 141
And it is He Who initiated gardens, both cultivated
and wild, and date-palms and vegetation of diverse
crops and olives and pomegranates, similar yet
dissimilar. Eat pl of its produce when it has yielded
its produce and bring its due on the day of its
harvest, and do not be extravagant; surely He does
not love the extravagantd. 142 And of the livestock
are load carriers and those too small. Eat of what
Allah has provided you and do not follow the
footsteps of Satan; indeed, he is to you an evident
enemy. 143 (Suppose there are) eight pairs: of sheep there
are two (pairs) and of goats there are two. Saysg, “Did
He forbid the two males or the two females or what
the wombs of the two females contain? Informpl me
with knowledge, if you are truthful.” 144 And of
camels there are two, and of cattle there are two.
Say, “Did He forbid the two males or the two
females or what the wombs of the two females
contain? Or were you witnesses when Allah
admonished you with this?” So who is more unjust
than one who fabricated lies against Allah in order
to lead mankind astray without knowledge? Indeed,
Allah does not guide unjust people. 145 Say, “In what
was revealed to me, I find nothing forbidden to any
eat it, except carrion or flowing
eater who would
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “Likewise, for many polytheists, the killing of their children has been adorned by their associates
in order to . . .”
b
The Arabic word used also means ‘remember’.
Qc
Ibn Kathir and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . who kept killing their children . . .”
d
The same Arabic word, musrifeen, is used for extremists.
Qa
97
PART 8. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
h
h i h h ğ
hû i i Ġğ ih h iğ h
pĹƧKh bJ űû ȲɅK ŮŪȯ ]źķŊŬ `jıŦ Γ `źũjʼnŠɻů ĵŵ˯
i i
û ųi û ɉ‹ _j źû Ūh ûů‹ ŴŠh ÿŷi Ŏi ûįhķ IĠ ŋh iŽ ƅh bh Ĺšjh ŎŠɩh
h Ųŋł
^źŪžh Ŏh Δ ǻj
p
j
j
hh h imh h m hh h û h û h m h iğ hm h ûh l i h û h h ğ
ƅb ĵŵ>ĵķA; ƅb ĵŶȡǨ= ĵŲ Ĭ‹ ;ĵő źɉ AźȡǨ= ŴŽjȑ‹
h ȑ‹ğ Bh Ŋğ Ŭh ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh ˏ ;p ƾ
û h ŴjŲ ĵŶh Ųû ŋğ ńh
Š ğ ńh űû Źj j Űĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ ŴŽj
Ʋ
û l i h
m h i i û ih û û k i h
ûh ûi
`j? ð ĵhȍ aź
Łŋj ňļȯ ˈp ŰjŠ ŴjŲ űȱʼnŶjŠ ŮŸ Ůũ ñĵŶh Ŏh įhķ AźũAJ
ğ h ğh
ûi
ûh ğ i h û
h
ğ
˓ Ůũ Ε `źŔi ŋi ƛ ƅj? űû ļŵ
= `˯ Ŵğ Şů‹ ƅj? `źši j ĸȽĻ
i Š h h h h m h û h h ð i h Š h û i ğ iû
h û h= űû Ȳ
h šƦ
ğűŰi Ÿh Ůû iũ Ζ ǻ
ƊʼnŹɉ ;ĵő źŰŦ ĹŤj Űɭů‹ Ĺłơ‹
j
h
h h h
h i h ûh h ğ i i hmh h i
h ğ `ğ = `b
ʼnŹŒȹ ŴŽjȑ‹ űȱ;AʼnŹő
`jıŦ ðˑŊŠɪ _h ŋğ ńh Ĭ‹
h
ğ
h
l iğ h h
m û
ûh hh l
h
ğh
AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ;h Aźh Ÿ= şû j ĸȽĻ ƅbh űô û Źi šh Ųh ʼnû Źh Œȶ ƆŦ Abʼni Źj ő
h i
h
û h h ğ h h Šh
i
`źɉjʼnšû Ȭh űû Źj j Ʌk ŋh j ķ űŸbh j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b ĵŶjļɔ˲
hğ û i û h h û i Ġ h h h h i û h l û h h h û i
ƅɁ ðűȲžŰŠ űȲɅK _ŋğ ń ĵŲ ŮĻɁ Aźɉĵšȩ Ůũø Η
lm i i ûh hh qŠh û
û
l i ûi
q h
AźŰļŪȩ ƅb ðĵŶɹńj? Ŵj ûŽȐh j Š ʆh ůĭj Ʌbh ðĵnZžû ő Ājŷjķ AźȡǬ
j ȶ
ğ
h
l i h û h h û i ğ û i i i û h i û Šh û û k i h Šh û h
AźɅŋŪȩ ƅb ðűŸĵŽ˯ űȲũLŋŵ ŴƗ Ũp ʄŲj? ŴjŲ űȱʼnɧb=
û l i ûh h
hû
h
h
ōh ŧğȍ‹ AźŰļi Ūȩ ƅbh ðŴh śh Ȩh ĵŲh bh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų ŋh Źh ŝ ĵŲh ŐjńŠʆh ŧů‹
ğ iğ hğ h ğ
i ğ h
i
i h k hû
_ŋń Ʋj ů‹
űû ȲŰšh ů Ājŷjķ űȲŠƋŔğ bh űû Ȳj ůŠə Ũ
ˏ j ơĭjķ ƅj? Ĭ‹
h
ğ ğ
h i ûh
hȎ‹û ^ĵh Ųh l AźɅi ŋh Ūû ȩh ƅh bh Θ `ź
h j Ʋůĭ
ŰjŪšȩ
Ŵi ŏh ńû = Ǘ
ķ
ƅ
?
űž
Ƚ
j
j
j
j
j
h û û h h û h hû h û l iûhh i ğ i h h iûh ğ h
Š ń
ˌ j ŏjŪůĭjķ `AǤųj ɉ‹b Ůžŭů‹ AźŦb=b ÿô aʼnő= ŢŰĸȬ Ʋ
ƅř
ğ
h h h h l i û h ûi h
ûh ik h i
AJ `ǽ źû ɉbh AźɉjʼnŠĭŦ űû ļi Űũ AJ˯ ðĵŹh šh Ŏû bi ƅj? ĵŏe ŧȫ ťj ŰȲŵ
i ğ h
i
i h l i h ğ
Š h ŋû iũ
űû ȲŰšh ů Ājŷjķ űȲŠƋŔğ bh űû Ȳj ůŠə Aźô Ŧbû = jĬ‹ ʼnj Źû šh j Ʌbh ˌȗ
h i i ğ h q h û i
h h ğh
h ğ hh
ƅbh ðaź
šj ĸĻĭŦ ĵųžjŪļŏɊ Džj Š ɷh Ŕ
j AŊŠɪ `=bh Ι `bŋi ŬŊĻ
h h h h Ġ l i ğh
h
i
i h
AźšjĸȽĻ
űû Ȳj ůŠə ĀjôŷjŰžjȼŎh ŴŠ űû Ȳjķ \ŋğ ŧļh ȯ Ůĸi ŏɉ‹
h iğh û i ğhh
i
h Ɋi ĵŶh ûɀhĻA;h űğ Ȫi Κ `ź
Ūļȩ űȲŰšů Ājŷjķ űȲŠƋŔğ bh
ƽź
ki k q û h h h h û h m ğ hh e h h h Šh û
û h Ȃj
;p ƾ
j ů‹
j ů Ɔžŕj ŧȩb Ŵŏń= djȑ‹ ȇ ĵŲĵųȩ Ķɮŭ
blood or the f lesh of swine—because it is an
abomination—or an ungodly offering dedicated to
other than Allah. But if anyone is compelled by
necessity without being deliberate or transgressing,
then indeed, your sg Lord is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 146 And for the ones who have
Judaized We have forbidden everything with claws,
and of cattle and sheep We have forbidden them
their fat—except what is carried on theirdl backs or
the entrails or what is mixed with bone. This is how
We repaid them for their oppression, and very truly,
We are truthful. 147 So if they disbelieve you, then
say, “Your Lord is Possessor of all-embracing
mercy, but His chastisement is never turned back
from the criminal people.” 148 Those who associated
(others with God) will say, “Had Allah willed, we would
not have associated (others with Him), nor would have
our forefathers, nor would we have prohibited
anything.” Likewise, those before them disbelieved
until they tasted Our chastisement. Say, “Do you
have any knowledge that you can bring forth for us?
You follow nothing but assumptions, and you do
nothing but guess.” 149 Saysg, “Yet to Allah belongs
the conclusive argument, so had He willed, He
would have guided you all.” 150 Say, “Bring your
witnesses who would testify that Allah has
prohibited this.” So if they testify, do not testify
with them. And do not follow the whims of those
who disbelieved in Our signs and those who do not
believe in the Hereafter and who equate others with
their Lord. 151 Say, “Come, let me tell youpl what
your Lord has forbidden: that you shall not associate
anything with Him, and towards your parents you
shall show kindness, and you shall not kill your
children because of poverty—We provide for you
and for them, and you shall not come near
obscenities—what is apparent of it and what is
concealed, and you shall not kill the self which
Allah has made inviolable—except in the course of
justice. All this He has enjoined upon you, that you
may reason. 152 And you shall not come near the
wealth of the orphan except with the best (intentions)
until he reaches his full strength. And you shall give
full measure with justice—We
full weight and
never task any self beyond its capacity. And when
youpl speak, you shall be fair, even if it concerns a
relative. And you shall fulfil your covenant with
Allah. All this He has enjoined upon you, that you
98
PART 8. LIVESTOCK
Surah 6- Al-An‘âm
ğ ğ qhûh h
mh
h h
h
û
qi
AŊŠɪbh Λ `źŶji ŲİiŽ űû Źj j Ʌk Kh j;ĵŪj Űjķ űŹi Űšh ů ĹƧ
Kb cʼnŸbh
h i h ûi û i ğ h h l i ğ h i i ğ h x h h i iŠh û h h f Šh
`źƧ
ŋĻ űȲŰšů AźŪȩ‹b aźšjĸĻĭŦ ]KĵĸŲ ŷɰůŌŵ= ĶɮjŬ
hh i h û h i m h ğ lmi ih h
hĵŶj Űĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ ǻû ļh ŧh ɋmĵŚh ȇ
Š
ĶŠɮjŭů‹ ^Ōŵ
j j
j = ĵųȫj? AźɉźŪȩ `= Μ
h i m ğh ûh l i ih ûh
h
h ŰŧŠʀh ů űû ŹļŎA
h Kjh I ŴŠh ĵŶğ Ŭi `˯
^Ōŵ
=
ĵ
ȫ
Ɂ
ź
ɉ
Aź
ɉź
Ū
ȩ
b
=
Ν
ǻj
j
j
j
j
x hkh i hm h û h h û i û Š h û h m ğ i h i Šh û hûh h
ĹŶjɀķ űȱ;ĵŁ ʼnŪȯ űô ŹŶjŲ cʼnŸ= ĵŶŭů Ķɮjŭů‹ ĵŶžŰŠ
h ûh h x hû
ğ h
qi i k k
h
ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ Bh ŊŬ Ŵųjğ Ɋ űi Űŝ= Ŵû ųh ȯ ô ĹƧKh bh cʼnŸbh űû ȲjɅKğ ŴjŲ
h h i
h
û h h hûh h h h h ğ
h ȑ‹ğ dŌł
ĵŶh j ļŠɔA;h Ŵû ȭ `źŦjʼnŕû hŽ ŴŽj
j ŶŎ ñĵŹŶȭ [ʼnŔb jĬ‹
h mğ h i ûh
l i h
h hû hm i
h i
`= ƅj? `bŋi ŞŶhŽ ŮŸ Ξ `źŦjʼnŕû hŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ BA
j Ŋšů‹ ;źŎ
i û h ûh ûh h Ġ h h ûh ûh i h Ģh hû i i h ûh
h
ĺ
j Š ɔA;h ŖšȨh ƫ
j įŽ b= ūɅK ƫj įŽ b= ĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹ űŹžjȩįĻ
h h h h k h Šh h i û h ûh h û h h k h
h ? ĵŏe ŧû ȫh şi ŧŶ
ĵŹh Ŷi Š ʅŽ
Ž ƅ ūjɅK ĺ
j ɔA; ŖšȨ ƫj įŽ _źŽ ñ ūjɅK
j
h
h ?Ǎ
û h h h û iûh
û hh h û i h ûh
q û Ňh ĵŹjh ŶŠʅŽ
ñˊǞ
j m j ĺĸŏŬ b= ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ ĺŶŲA; ŴȲĻ űɉ
i
h i h i ğ lm i h
h I l Aźiũŋğ hŦ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? Ο `b
űû Źi ŶŽj
ŋŞj ļŶŲ ĵŵj? AbŋŞj ļŵ‹ Ůj ũ
j
i ğ h i h m ğ û h
h ŏû ůğ ĵšq žjh ő l AźiŵȢh bh
űğ Ȫ jĬ‹ Ǔj? űû Ÿŋi Ɋû = ĵųh ȫj? ˏ ;g ƾ
Ǎj űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ĺ
hh
h i h ûh l i h h ii khi
h û ķ ;h m ĵŁh ŴŲh Π `ź
ÿŷi ŰŦ jĹŶh ŏh ơĭ
ŰšŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ űŹĴjĸȿŽ
j
hû ğ Ģ hûi hh h k ğ hm h hh h hûh i û h
ĵŹh ŰĿjŲ ƅj? c
Ōƒ ƆŦ jĹĴjɀŏɉĭjķ ;ĵŁ ŴŲb ðĵŹj ɉĵĿŲ= ǬŠ
h mkh Š h h
ğ ûi
h ih ûi h û ih
Qp Š ɷh Ŕ
K
ƴ
Ɗ
ʼn
Ÿ
ƴ
ŵ
?
Ů
ũ
Ρ
`ź
ųŰŞȬ ƅ űŸb
j ǓŠ j ? ȗ
j
j
j
j
q
h h
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? Ĺh Űjğ Ųk ĵųq žjh Ȱ ĵŶŽjq I ˈžjŪļh ŏû ŲĠ
Ŵjh Ų `ǽ ĵŲh bh ô ĵŧžj Ŷńh űžj
j
p
h h ğ ûi
û iû
ğ
h
iih
h h h h hûh h
jĬj ƫĵ
j ųɊb dĵžƤb ǒj ŏȸb ƫj ƆŔ `j? Ůũ ΢ ǻj ȡǬ
j ųɉ‹
i h h
h h h h
i h úhh
h h h û k Kh
^bğ = ĵŵɁbh Di ŋjû Ɋ= ūj ɉŠɶjɅbh ÿð Ȕi ūɆǨ
j
j ƅ Σ ǻųj ۊɿů‹ B
h
h
k
h
i
h
û
i
ğ hû
h ųjŰŏû ųi û ɉ‹
û ȁ BĠ Kh źh Ÿi bh ĵɅkq Kh njûķɁ jĬ‹
ǞȮ= Ůũ Τ ǻ
j
ˏ p;ƾ
j
j
ğ
h
hh
ûh Ġi i û h hh
x
h
Kh Lû jb CKh jLAbh Ki Ōj Ļ ƅbh ô ĵŹh žû ŰŠ ƅj? ōg ŧȫ ȁ Ķ
jŏȲĻ ƅb
i i k h i h û i i û ğ i k h Šh ğ i Š h û i
i Ŭi ĵųh ķ űȲ
űû ļŶ
Ĵj ĸȿžȯ űȲšŁ
ô ŋŇ=
j ŋŲ űȲjɅK Ǔj? űȪ c
j
hû h h h û i hh h
ğ
h i hûh
Ģ Ň űȲŰšŁ djȑ‹ źh Ÿi bh Υ `ź
j Ɓ‹ ťjɌˁ
ŧj Űļƛ jŷžjȯ
P˱
may remembera.” 153 Andb (know that) this is My path,
straight, so followpl it. And do not follow the (other)
ways, lest they divert youc from His way. All this
He has enjoined upon you, that you may be mindful
(of God). 154 Then We brought Moses the Scripture,
perfect for the one who excelled in doing good, and
detailing everything, and guidance and mercy, that
they may believe in the meeting with their Lord. 155
And this (too) is a blessed Scripture that We sent
down, so followpl it and be righteous, that you may
receive mercy. 156 Lest youpl say, “The Scripture was
sent down to two factions before us, and we were
indeed oblivious of their teachings.” 157 Or lest you
say, “Had the Scripture been sent down to us, we
would have been better guided than them.” Most
surely, an evident explanation has come to you from
your Lord, and guidance and mercy. Who then does
greater injustice than one who considered Allah’s
signs to be a lie and kept turning away from them?
Wed will repay those who keep turning away from
Our signs with the worst kind of punishment on
account of how they used to constantly turn away.
Are they waiting for anything but for the angels
158
to come to them or for your Lord to come or for
some of your Lord’s signs to come? On the day
when some of your Lord’s signs come, no self will
benefit from attaining faith unless it had attained
faith previously or had earned goodness through its
faith. Saysg, “Wait; indeed, we too are waiting.” 159
Indeed, the ones who have caused disunity ine their
religion and became sects—yousg have nothing to
do with them. Rather, their case rests with Allah,
then He informs them of what they used to do. 160
Whoever has come up with a good deed—for him
there is ten times its likef, and whoever has come
up with an evil deed will be repaid only with its
equivalent, and they will not be dealt with unjustly.
Say, “Surely (as for) myself, my Lord has guided
161
me to a straight path—an upright religiong—the
creed of Abraham who turned away from all that is
false, and never was he one of the polytheists.” 162
Say, “Indeed, my prayer and my rites and my way
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . that you may remind yourselves.”
Qb
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “And indeed, this is my path . . .”
Qc
Al-Bazzy read it as: “. . . lest they divert with you from His way.”
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Qe
Hamza and Al-Kesa’i read it as: “. . . the ones who have departed from their religion . . .”
Qf
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . for him there are ten (others) like it . . .”
Qg
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . a truly upright religion . . .”
Qa
99
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
i i k Šh hh
mh
ûh hûh û i h ûh h hh h
ĵŲ Ǎj űû ȡźh Űĸû hȎj ĺ
p ɕKI Ŗp šȨ \źŦ űȲŘšȨ şȯKb
h ğh ğ û i Šh h
i Ǧh ū
i ńKğ xKźŧi Ťh hů ÿŷi ğŵ˯ BĵŪh jšûů‹ şɆ
Φ ü űžj
ɅK `j? ñűȲƋĻA;
j
j
i i k Šh hh
mh
û h h û h û i h û h h h h h
ĵŲ Ǎj űû ȡźh Űĸû hȎj ĺ
p ɕKI Ŗp šȨ \źŦ űȲŘšȨ şȯKb
h ğh ğ û i Šh h
i Ǧh ū
i ńKğ xKźŧi Ťh hů ÿŷi ğŵ˯ BĵŪh jšûů‹ şɆ
Φ ü űžj
Ʌ
K
`
?
ű
Ȳ
Ƌ
ĻA
;
j ñ
j
j
h
û
ih i
[A
ƁA CKź
Ŏ̀
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űžj
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j ńŋɉ‹
h
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j ńŋɉ‹ ˵ŋɉ‹ jĬ‹ ƈ
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x
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ĵŲ AźšjĸĻ‹ ̃ ǻj ŶŲj İųi Űj ɉ c
ŋŬjJb Ājŷjķ Kjh ŊŶi jȋ ŷi Ŷjû Ųk Fŋh ńh
h
h h h û ih ki ğ k i û h h m i
hñ h m ĵȎh j û bû =h mĀjŷjŵbIi Ŵji Ų h l Aźši h ĸh Ƚğ hĻ ƅ
h
Ŵjf ŲŠɮjh ŬűȲ
^m Ōŵ
;
j Ʌ=K Ķ
j ųm ɉA=
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^Ōŵ
̂Ȏj?œ
j
û h û û h ûûh k û h h
h h i ği h h i û kğ x q h h h
h h ğ h Šɰh ŭ
m ĵŸhh ;h l m ĵł
Űh ŸŶ=Ųj Ĺİg Ɇųi ŋŰjũɉ Ŵjc
ũ
Š Ųŋh ŬjűȡJbbh ̄
ĵŲ Aźši j ĸŦĻ‹ĵŹ̃
ǻj
Ājŷjķ`b
KjŊŋŶŬh jȋŊĻŷŶjĵŲŲ Ɔžj
FŋŰń
û
û h
h h h h h i i m h û i k û i e Š h h h h h i hi
h û j ɋĵũ Ʌk KğűŸŴjŲb=űȲ
hñ mj ĵ? Ȏh j űûbû Ź=i Š ƊmĀjźh ŷŠû j ŵIhbIi `h ŴjǽŲ l ĵAźųh ši ȯĸȽğ ̅
ĵļɱûȎķ j ? ĵ^ŶŎŌŵįķ=
J
;
j Ļ ƅb`źűŰȲ
j
j
h
ğ
h û ųh j ۊɡhh û ĵh Ŷğ Ŭi kĵğŵ? l Ahźm ih ɉĵhũ `=h mƅ?i m ğĵŶh h Ŏi h ûįhķ ğ űŸi ;qh m ĵŁh h
ğŴh Űh h nZh m ŏû h hȿh hŰhŦ h ̆h û ǻ
ĵŸ;ĵłŦ ĵŹŠɰŭŰŸj = Ĺg Ɇŋũ ŴjŲ j űȡb ̄ `bŋj ŬŊĻ ĵŲi Ɔžj Űũ
ûğ h
h h ŰŎh h ŋû h ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵğ hŰh nZh ŏû i hȿm hůh bh ûűû i ŹûȎh ?û h Ůjh Ŏ
û h = ŴŽj
h h i ȑ‹
û ğ ŕğ û Ūi i Ŷh Š hŰh hŦû ḣ h ǻj
e
h
Ŵ
K
j
Jj? űŹƊźŠI `ǽ ĵųȯ ̅ `źŰjɋĵũ űŸj b= ĵļŠɱķ ĵŶŎįķ
h ğ ĸɋlm Ȗm h i h ĵŶğ Ŭi h ĵm Ųh ğ bh m ˈh i ûŰšû h ķ űi Źh žû m hŰŠh h
h û h û hŊg h Ɍh Ųh źû hŽ `i h Lû źh û ɉ‹bŠ h h ̈ğ i ǻ
Ũğ Ġ Űơ‹
ôŴ
Zn ŏȿŰj Ŧ ̆ ǻųj j Űɡ ĵŶŬ ĵŵj j ?j Aźi ɉĵũ `= ƅj? ĵˌpŶŎj įjķ űŸj ;ĵŁ
h i h û i û h û i i ûi h ğ h Ģ h h û l h h h h i û i Š h h h h û h û i h h h ğ h
ûğ Ųh ğ bh i ̉
h h `ź
h
Ŵ
Ŵȑ‹
ųȯ
Ŵj ŰɌʤnZŏbįȿŦůbÿŷi űŶɆŹj jLûȎʆj ?Ų ŮjĺŎKŰŪ= ȪŴŽj
ŴŕŪŶŰŦ ̇h Ņj ŰǻjŧųŰɉ‹ŎŋűųŸɉ‹ ū
ğ
l
h
i û h i m û i h û hh h h m h h Ģ ğ l i h h h i i û Š h h û û ğ h h h
Ġ h jh ķû űŹiŊŏɌh Ųh ŧŵ
= AbǪj Ň ŴŽjȑ‹j ĸɋū
ɌʤbįŦ ÿŷŶɆLʆŲ ĺŧŇ
g
ô ĵŨųơ‹
j Ȗj ĵŶŬ ĵŲb ˌpˈj Űjšjķ űŹj l žŰŠ
h û j źŽû `i Lźğ ɉ‹ğ b h ̈û h ǻ
h
h ii û h h h h û Š h i h i h h h
û û i h h h l i h `ź
û j Ųh bh Ɓ‹̉Ǎ`ź
P˱
ŰLŞŠ ʆȬŲ ĵĺ
Ŷjļɔ˲
j h űŅji Ȳ
Ŵ
ŰŧŠɰųi ɉ‹ŭŲűi ŸʼnŪūůbj ɌʤĢ ̊
bįŦ ÿŷi ųjŶɆ
ŰŪȪ AźŴŵųǽȯ
j
q
h
i
h i h i h h i l m û h h ğ h ğ h h h Š h h lh i h h i i û i h h h h û û h ğ h h h
ʼnĵû ųh Ūķůbh ű̋
`bŋŭiŒȶ ĵŲ Ɔžj Űũ ŐɀɿŲ ĵŹžjȯ űȲů ĵŶŰšŁb
j Źŏŧŵ= AbǪj Ň ŴŽjȑ‹ ñ ūj j ɌʤĢ bįŦ ÿŷŶɆLŠʆŲ ĺŧŇ
l i i h û û h h h û ğ h û i hğ h i û i hh û ğ h û ğ i j û i h l û h h h
i
h
Ģ ųŠ Űğ j ɉ ĵŶh Űũû űȪh űȲŠɓKźi Ŕ űh Ȫ h űŠ Ȳ
iˁ
AbjʼnłƁ‹Ŏ‹ǍjĹj ŭűû j ɌȲ
P˱
ɰŭŲ ʼnŪůb ̊ `źųj ŰŞȬ ĵŶjļɔ˲ŠɰAźŪŰŵŇ
ǽ
ğ
l
h
m
h
ğ
h
i
k
û
h
h
i
h
h
û
h
m
q
h
h
û
h
h
i
Š i Ŵjû Ųh Ŵğ ȲŽ űh ɉ ōɀj
h ɹů‹
h h ƅ
i łŏŦh _h I˕
û Ūh ůŴŽj
h j ?ȯ Abűû ʼnȲ
ʼnł
j `b
ʼň
bh ̋
ŋŭŒȶ ĵŲ Ɔžj Űũ ñŐjɀŠɿŰŲh ķj? ĵŹžj
ů ĵŶŰšŁh bh
l i i û h h hû hûi ğ i û i hû ğ h ğ i û i h ûh h
Ģ ųŰj ɉ ĵŶŰũ űȪ űȲŠɓKźŔ űȪ űȲŠɰŪŰŇ
Ab
ʼnłŎ‹ jĹŭjɌˁ
ğ h k i h ûh h û m ğ lm i h h h h h
h ʼnłɹů‹
̌ ŴŽj
j Š ŴjŲ ŴȲŽ űɉ ōɀj Űķj? ƅj? AbʼnłŏŦ _I˕
of living and my way of dying are for Allah, Lord
of all realms. 163 No associate is there for Him, and
to this I have been commanded, and I am the first
of the Muslimsa. 164 Say, “Am I to seek a Lord other
than Allah when He is the Lord of everything?”
And not a single self earns except what it is due, and
no bearer of burden bears the burden of another.
Then to your pl Lord is your return, then He will
inform you regarding whatever you used to differ
over. 165 And it is He Who made you successors on
the earth and elevated some of you by degrees over
others in order to test you through what He has
brought you. Indeed, your sg Lord is Swift in
punishment, and He is most surely Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy.
7. The Elevations
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Alif Lām Mīm Sâd. 2 A Scripture which was sent
down to yousg, so let there be no discomfort in your
chest because of it, that you may warn with it, and
a reminding for the believers: 3 “Followpl what was
sent down to you from your Lord, and do not follow
other guardians apart from Him. Little do you
remind yourselvesb.” 4 And how many a town have
We annihilated, such that Our chastisement came
upon them while sleeping at night or while they
were napping at noon. 5 But their only cry when Our
chastisement came upon them was, “We were
indeed unjust.” 6 We will most surely ask those to
whom messages were sent, and We will most surely
ask the emissaries. 7 Then We will most surely
relate to them with knowledge, for We were never
absent. 8 And the scale on that day is the truth. So
those whose scales weigh heavy—those are the
successful, 9 while those whose scales weigh light—
those are the ones who have lost themselves on
account of the injustice they used to do regarding
our signs. 10 And very truly We have established
and made for you in it livelihood.
youpl in the earth
Rarely do you give thanks. 11 And very truly We
1
The Arabic word used is Muslimeen which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
Qb
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “Little do they remind themselves.”
All the others except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Little do you remember.”
a
100
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h h
h ğh h
h úhh h h h i h û
ŷi Ŷjû Ųk xǞû Ň ĵŵɁ ^ĵũ ðūĻŋû Ɋh = Jj? ʼnh łi ŏû ȶ ƅɁ ūšh Ŷh Ųh ĵŲh ^ĵũ
û h h h
hûh h
ihûh h h ğ
ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų řû j ĸŸĭŦ ^ĵũ ̍ ǻj
p Ś ŴjŲ ÿŷļŪŰŇb pKĵŵ ŴjŲ ƴj ļŪŰŇ
h hh h h h i i h h h
h ğ û û h h
hğŭ
Ŵjh Ų ūŵj? Fŋi ŇĭŦ ĵŹžj
ȯ ǚ
ļȩ `= ūɉ `źȲŽ ĵųȯ
h h h
h
h
h i
ğ
h ğ h
h
m ŋû Şŵ
ūŵj? ^ĵũ ̏ `źĿšh ĸû Ȭi _j źû hŽ ǓŠ j ? Ț
j
j = ^ĵũ ̎ ŴɆŋj jŤŠɻů‹
h ğ ûhh h û h m h h h
h iû h
h ŋŞŶ
űû Źi ɉ `ʼnh ši ȰƁ ƴj ȽɆû źh ţ= ĵųh j ĸŦ ^ĵũ ̐ ŴɆ
j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ
h
ûh k iğh ğ i
h h û iû h h h j
Ŵjû Ųbh űû Źj ŽjʼnûŽɁ ǻ
j Ȩ Ŵü Ųj űŹŶɀj Ļ˗ űȪ ̑ űžjŪļŏųɉ‹ ūŚŠɷŔ
i hh û h i h h h û m h h h h û Šh ûh û h h û û h
űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= ʼnƏ
j ƅb ðűŹj j Űjɋĵųő ŴŠb űŹj j ŶʅŽɁ Ŵȭb űŹj jŧŰŇ
ğh q i û ğ q i û h h û û i û h h
h
h ŋjŭɝ
Ŵųɉ ðˊKźńʼnŲ ĵŲb;ŊŲ ĵŹŶjŲ Fŋҋ ^ĵũ ̒ ŴɆ
j Š
ğhh ûhh û iû h h h
ûh û i
h nh Ģ h h
ğ
h
h
i_Iĵ
h
h
h
Zʑb ̓ ǻjšƦ= űȲŶjŲ űŶŹŁ `ƂɊƁ űŹŶjŲ ūšjĸĻ
h h h i û i û h û h i h h ğ hû h i û h h h h û i û
ƅb ĵųļȻjő Ľžń ŴjŲ ȄŦ ĹŶƠ‹ ūŁbLb ĺŵ= ŴȲŎ‹
created you, then We designed you, then We said to
the angels, “Prostrate to Adam.” So they
prostrated—but not Iblisa; he was not of those who
prostrated themselves. 12 He said, “What prevented
you from prostrating yourself when I commanded
you?” He said, “I am better than him; You created
me from fire and created him from clay.” 13 He said,
“So get down from it, for it is not for you to behave
arrogantly in it. So get out! You are indeed one of
the belittled!” 14 He said, “Reprieve me until the day
they are resurrected.” 15 He said, “You are indeed of
those reprieved.” 16 He said, “So because You have
deluded me, I will most surely waylay them on Your
straight path. 17 Then I will most surely come at
them from before them and from behind them and
from their right and from their left, and you will not
find most of them appreciative.” 18 He said, “Get out
of it, despised, vanquished; whoever of them
follows you—I will most surely fill up Hell with
you all. 19 And O Adam, settle in the Garden, you
and your spouse, and eat of whatever youdl wish.
But neither one of you shall approach this tree lest
youdl become of the unjust.” 20 But Satan whispered
to themdl to reveal to them what had been covered
from them of their private parts. And he said,
“Yourdl Lord has only forbidden youdl this tree lest
youdl become angels or become of the immortals.”
And he swore to themdl, “I am most surely a
21
sincere advisor to youdl.” 22 So he lured themdl with
deceit. So when theydl tasted the tree, their private
parts became visible to them and they began
covering themselves with the leaves of the Garden,
and their Lord called out to themdl, “Did I not forbid
you both from this tree and tell youdl that Satan is
an evident enemy to you?” 23 Theydl said, “Our
Lord, we have been unjust to ourselves. And unless
You forgive us and have mercy on us, we will
certainly be of the losers.” 24 He said, “Descendpl as
enemies to one another, and in the earth you will
have a place of settlement and enjoyment for a
while.” 25 He said, “In it youpl live, and in it you die,
and from it you are brought outb.” 26 O Children of
Adam, We have sent down upon you garments to
cover your private
parts and for luxury. But the
c
garment of mindfulness (of God) —that is better.
ûh
ğ h h i hh hh h ğ
h
h ųjۊɾů‹
ǻ
ŴjŲ ĵŵźŭļȯ CŋłŒɉ‹ j aŊj Šɪ ĵɅh ŋh Ūȩ
j
h h ûi i Š hû ğ
h
dh jKÿbi ĵŲh ĵųh Źi ɉ dj
ʼnĸȎj ŴɽžŒɉ‹ ĵųh Źi ɉ
ğ
h h
i Ġh h i Š hh h h hh h û h
j Cŋh łh Œɉ‹ j aŊj Šɪ Ŵû ȭ ĵųh Ȳ
ɅK ĵųŭƋŹȫ ĵŲ ^ĵũb ĵųŹj j Ļ˛źŎ
h û h h i h ûh ûh h h h i h h mğ
h Ȓj Šɴ
ů‹ ŴjŲ ĵŵźȲĻ b= ǻ
̕ ŴŽj
j ŭŰɊ ĵŵźȲĻ `= ƅj?
i h i ğhh
ğ h h h i h k mh ih h hh
h ŕŠɰů‹
Ŵųj ɉ ĵųŭů ƭj j ? ĵųŹųŎĵũb
j j
ˏpKbŋi Ťjķ ĵųŹŠƋůʼnŦ ̖ ǻŅ
h ûh h h h h i i û h h ih û h h hh h ğ h h ğ hh
`ĵ
j ŧŕj ƞ ĵŪjŧŚb ĵųŹȩ˛źŎ ĵųŹɉ Dʼnķ CŋłŒɉ‹ ĵũAJ ĵųŰŦ
h h
h i ûh hh m
h û \j Kh bh ŴjŲ ĵųh Źžû hŰŠh
ŴŠ ĵųh ŭŹh ȫɁ űû ɉɁ ĵųh Źi ɅĠ Kh ĵųh Źi Š ƊIĵŵbh ˌjĹŶğ Ơ‹
j
i û
xk i h h i h h Š h û ğ ğ m h i ğ i h h h h ğ
bʼnŠ ĵųŭů ŴɽžŒɉ‹ `j? ĵųŭů Ůũ=b j CŋłŒɉ‹ ĵųh ŭŰj Ļ
h h
h
ûh ğ
i h m h h
x ĸŲĠ
ĵhȍ ŋû jŧŤȩ űû ů `˯ ĵŶh ŏh ŧŵ= ĵŶh ųû Űŝ ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ƅĵũ ̗ ǻ
j
û
l i û h h
h
h i
h
ûh h
h Ǫj Šɴ
ů‹ Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫźŭhȍ ĵŶh Ƨŋû Ļbh
AźśjĸŸ‹ ^ĵũ ̘ ŴɆ
j
hû
h x h
i h h xk i h
i i
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû Ȳ
şf ŠɮŲh bh ŋk Ūļh ŏû Ɋi P˱
ůbð bʼnŠ Ŗg šû h jȊ űû ȲŘšû Ȩh
h h
h i h h h h ûhûh h
Š h j?
Ǔ
ĵŹh Ŷjû Ųbh `źĻźųi ȩ ĵŹžj
ȯb `źžƕ ĵŹžjȯ ^ĵũ ̙ ǻj
ń
p
h h hûh h û h h h h m h h
ûi
h
i
h
q
û
i
û
h
djKŠʆŽ ĵŎĵ jȊ űȲžŰŠ ĵȍŌŵ= ʼnũ _IA; ƴj ĸŠɔ ̚ `źŁi ŋh ƛ
q h û i
h h h h h Š h ûğ
i Ȋh j bh ðĵŒȹ
û h
Ŵjû Ų ūj ɉŠə ôxǞû Ň ūj ɉŠə c
źŪȋ‹ Mĵ
jKb űȲj Ļ˛źŎ
h
Mh źh Ŏû źh Ŧ ̔
h
ŴjŲ ĵųh Źi Ŷû ȭ
Iblis is another name of Satan or Shaytan.
Ibn Zekwan, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . and from it you come out.”
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer, Al-Kesa’i and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and for luxury and the garment of mindfulness (of God)—that
is good.”
a
Qb
101
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h iğ ğh û iğhh ğ
h
i h û h h m hŠh
űi ȲŶğ ȿjļŧȬh ƅ _h IA;h ƴ
j Š ɔA;h
j ĸɔ ̛ `bŋŬŊŽ űŹŰšů jĬ‹ ĺ
h i h ğ hû h k i û h h h h h û h m h h i Š h û ğ
ĵųh Źi Ŷû ȭ Sǣ
j Ž jĹŶƠ‹ ŴjŲ űȲɆźķɁ FŋŇ= ĵųŬ ŴɽžŒɉ‹
i h i i
ğ m
i h i h h
Ŵjû Ų ÿŷi Űžjĸũbh źh Ÿ űû ȲŠƊŋh hŽ ÿŷi ŵj? ô ĵųh Źj j Ļ˛źû Ŏh ĵųh Źi Ɇh Ǟj
j ů ĵųŹŎĵ jȊ
h h ğ hmh ûh h h ğ hû h h ğ û ih û hh h i û h
ƅ ŴŽj
ȓj ɉ ;ĵȎj b= ǻśj ŠɱŒɉ‹ ĵŶŰšŁ ĵŵj? ñűŹȫbŋĻ ƅ Ľžń
m h û h h h û h h l i h q h Šh l i h h h
h i û
ĵŹžŰŠ ĵŵʼnŁb Aźɉĵũ ĹŒŅ
j ɤ AźŰšȯ AJ˯ ̜ `źŶjŲİiŽ
m h û hû
iûh h hğ ğ ûi h h hh iğ h h mh
ˌ;j ĵŒŅŧůĭjķ ŋi ɊįŽ ƅ Ĭ‹ `j? Ůũ ñĵŹjķ ĵŵŋh Ɋ= Ĭ‹b ĵŵ;h ĵķA;h
h ûi
hh h i ihh
h h h h
k
ğ
ȗj Kh ŋh Ɋh = Ůũ ̝ `źųi Űšû ȩ ƅ ĵŲh jĬ‹ ȇ `źɉźŪȩɁ
ki h
û h
i h i i l i hh ˌ û û
û
h
û
iaźŠi I‹
b ʼnp ł
j ŏɊ ȁ
j ʼnŶjŠ űȲŸźŁb AźųžjȰ=b řj ŏjŪůĭjķ
h
ûi
e
h i i h û i h h h h h h k ih h
Šcʼnh Ÿh ĵŪɆ
j Ȕ ǻŕjj Űƥ
ô Ȑ‹
jŋŦ ̞ `bIźšȩ űȱ=ʼnķ ĵųŬ ŴŽ
ğ l i h ğ i i ğ i h Šh ğ i û h h ğ h e h h
h śŠɱh Œɉ‹
AbŊƛ‹ űŹȫj? ô ĹŰʄŘɉ‹ űŹj žŰŠ Ũń ĵŪɆŋj Ŧb
ǻ
j
h
ğh h
h
ğ
i
û Ɇh bh jĬ‹
h m ĵhȎj bû =
̟ `bʼni ļh Źû ɊĠ űŹi ȫɁ `źĸi ŏh Ņ
`b
I
Ŵj
Ų
;
j
l
l ii h
k
i
i
h
i h h h m hŠh
û h
h
û i h
Aźȣb ʼnp ł
j ŏɊ ȁ
j ʼnŶjŠ űȲļȿɆjL AbŊŇ _IA; ƴ
j ĸɔø
ûi
h ȯǪû ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi ƅh ÿŷi ğŵ? l Aźm ô iŦǪû i ȶ ƅh bh l AźɅi Ǩ‹
h û bh
Ŵû Ųh Ůũ ̠ ǻj
j j
j
ğ hh hğ h
h žk śů‹
ğ bh Āj ajIĵĸh jšjů Fh ŋh Ňû h= Ʋ
k Ŵjh Ų ĺ
m j ů‹ğ jĬ‹
Š
ĹŶɆjL _ŋń
\ˏ j Lû ŋɉ‹
ɭ
j
j
j
û
q
ûĠ
h
h ȓjğ ɉ Ǘ
h Ǎj l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h j Ůû iũ
j CźŠ žh ơ‹
_h źû hŽ Ĺŕjh ɉĵŇ ĵžh ȫȐ‹
ûi
i k hi h h h
h
h h
h
h û
Ůũ ̡ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ Ůŕj ŧȫ ūj ɉŠɶŬ ˍjĹųh ŠɱjŪů‹
û û h h h h h h h û h h h h h Šh h û h k h h ğ h h ğ
űh Ȫƃ‹
j b ŴśȨ ĵŲb ĵŹŶjŲ ŋŹŝ ĵŲ Őjńʆŧů‹ ȗj K _ŋń ĵųȫj?
û k h i û h h ğ l i û i h h k hû û h h û h û h
Ājŷjķ ^ǣ
j Ȭ űɉ ĵŲ jĬĭjķ AźȡǬ
j Ťjķ njȊ‹b
j ȶ `=b Ũj ơ‹ Ǟ
iğ k i h
h
h
l
h ihûh
h jĬğ ‹ ȇh Aźi ɉźŪi ȩh `h=bh ĵŶq Šɽh ûŰŎi
̢
ȩ
ƅ
ĵ
Ų
Ĺg Ų= Ȃj
ů
b
`ź
ų
Ű
š
j
hh qh h h i ûh ûh h û ii h h hm h h h x h h
ƅb ĹŠĵŎ `bŋjŇįļŏȹ ƅ űŹŰŁ= ;ĵŁ AJjıŦ ð ŮŁ=
û
x
h i ûh ûh
h m hŠh
i
i
űû ȲŶjŲk ŮŎi Ki űû ȲŶğ hɀj ĻįhŽ ĵŲğ j ? _h IA;h ƴ
j ĸɔ ̣ `źɊjʼnŪļŏȹ
f h h h h h Š h ğ h h Šh h û i ûh h h Ġ i h
[źû Ň ƆŦ Ńh ŰŔû =bh ǐ
ȩ‹ Ŵj ųȯ Ʋj ɔA; űȲžŰŠ `źŕŪȬ
ğ
l
h
ğ
h ihûh û i hh û ûh h
h
h ȑ‹bh ̤ `ź
ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ AźiķŊŬ ŴŽj
ŵŌƘ űŸ ƅb űŹj žŰŠ
h
h Ģhli m h û h l ih û h û h
h Ŕû = ū
h ȯ űû Ÿi Kĵğȍ‹ Ķ
i Šɳ
ĵŹžj
ˌj
j Ɍʤb= ĵŹŶȭ AbǚŭļŎ‹b
That is of Allah’s signs, that theya may constantly
remember. 27 O Children of Adam, never let Satan
lure you like he brought your parents out of the
Garden, stripping them of their garments to show
them their private parts. He surely sees you, He and
his clan, from where you cannot see them. Indeed,
We have made the Satans allies of those who do not
believe. 28 And when they commit an obscenity,
they say, “We found our fathers doing this, and
Allah has commanded us to do it.” Say, “Indeed,
Allah does not command to obscenities. Are youpl
saying about Allah what you know not?” 29 Saysg,
“My Lord has commanded justice. And set your
faces upright at every mosqueb and call upon Him,
devoting religion to Him. Just as He originated
youpl, so you will return.” 30 A group He has guided
and another group has deserved misguidance. They
have taken the Satans as guardians apart from
Allah and they assume that they are guided. 31 O
Children of Adam, take your adornment at every
mosque b , and eat and drink, but do not be
ext ravagant; su rely He does not love the
extravagantc. 32 Saysg, “Who has forbidden Allah’s
adornment which He has brought out for His
servants and the good things among (His) provision?”
Say, “They are for those who attained faith in the
Earlier Life, exclusivelyd theirs on the Day of
Resurrection.” Thus We detail the signse for people
who know. 33 Say, “Indeed, My Lord has only
forbidden obscenities—both manifest and secret—
and sin and unjustified aggression, and that you
associate with Allah that for which He has never
bestowed any authority from on highf, and that you
say about Allah what you know not.” 34 And for
every community there is an appointed term. So
when their term has arrived, they cannot then delay
by one hour nor can they advance. 35 O Children of
Adam, whenever messengers from among you
come to you, relating to you My signs e , then
whoever becomes mindful (of God) and reforms—no
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
b
The Arabic word used is masjid which literally means ‘a place for prostration’.
c
The same Arabic word, musrifeen, is used for extremists.
Qd
Nafieʻ read it as: “Say, ‘They are, for those who attained faith in the Earlier Life, exclusive on the Day of Resurrection.’”
e
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
f
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . for which He has never sent down any authority . . .”
a
102
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h
h ğ hh Š hhû ğ ih ûh û h h
h i Šh
Ǜȯ‹ Ŵj ųjɊ űŰŝ= Ŵųȯ ̥ `bȒ
bû = ĵeķjŊŬ jĬ‹ ȇ c
jɗ
i
h
h û h k i i h û ii hh h hl
h ğ h
Ķ
ˌ j Šɮjŭů‹ ŴjŲ űŹĸžŕj ŵ űŹɉĵŶȬ ūjɌʤĢ b= mĀjôŷjļŠ ɔ˲ BŊŬ
ğ h
i Ŭi ĵŲh Ŵh Ȭû Ɂh l Aźm i ɉĵhũ űû Źi ȫh źû Ŧğ źh ļh Ȭh ĵŶh iŰŎi Ki űû Źi ȩû ;h m ĵŁh AJh ? Ʋ
űû ļŶ
j Ģ ń
h i ûh
ğ
i
Ģ h h l Abʼni Źj őh bh ĵŶğ ȭh l AźŰĠ ŗh l Aźiɉĵhũ ðjĬ‹
ȇ
`b
j I ŴjŲ `źŠʼnĻ
h i m l i i û h h
h l i h û iğh û i h
h
ʼnû ũ ˈp Ɋh = Ǎ
j AźŰŇI‹ ^ĵũ ̦ ŴɆŋj jŧŠ ɦ Aźŵǽ űŹȫɁ űŹj jŏŧŵ=
û h k û h k i ûh
ği
û h h
ĵųh ǿ ˌjKĵğȍ‹ Ǎj ōȸ
j ƃ‹
j ŴjŲ űȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ĺŰŇ
j b Ŵj Ơ‹
ğ h Ģğ h hhû i û hhğ x ği û h h h
q Ʀh ĵŹžj
h ȯ l Aźȡi KAh I‹
ĵšžj
AJj? Ʋń ðĵŹļŇ= ĺŶšů ĹŲ= ĺŰŇI
h
h
Ġ
m
h h h
i Ģ h hğ h û iŠ h i û iŠ h û i û h h
űû Źj j ĻĵnZh Ŧ ĵŵźŰŗ= j;ƅİʧ
ĵŶɅK űŹƋůbƁj űŹƊŋŇ= ĺůĵũ
ğ
hŠ h x û
ki h h ğ h k qû
q Ŋh Šh
ƅ ŴȲ
ķA
ů
^ĵ
ũ
Kĵ
ȍ‹
Ŵj
Ų
ĵ
ŧ
š
ŗ
ĵ
j ɧb ťšŗ
j Ȃj
j
ˌ
j
p
h h h
i h h h h h û iŠ h û i û iŠ h i û h h h
ûűȲ
ů `ǽ ĵųȯ űŹƊŋŇƁj űŹƋůb= ĺůĵũb ̧ `źųi Űšû ȩ
hh
h
û h i i h h h hû l i ih û h
`źĸi jŏȲĻ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ BAŊšů‹ AźũbŊŦ Ůp ŘŦ ŴjŲ ĵŶh žû ŰŠ
hi h
h l i h û h û h h Šh l i ğ h h ğ ğ
Ńi ļğ ŧȩ ƅ ĵŹh Ŷû ȭ Abǚ
ŭļŎ‹b ĵŶjļɔ˲ AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ̨
i hû h h Š ğ h h ğ hû h i i û h h h m h ğ i Šh û h û i h
Ůųh Ơ‹
ŀj ŰŽ Ʋń ĹŶƠ‹ `źŰŇʼnŽ ƅb j;ĵųŏɉ‹ BʆķɁ űŹɉ
h
ûh h h hh ˏ h û k h
û iû
h Ųŋł
j žjƢ‹ űj Ŏ Ǎj
ŴjŲk űŹi ɉ ̩ ǻj
j ųɉ‹ dŌj Ƒ ūj ɉŠɶȡb Qĵ
h
h
ğ
x h ğh h
ûh h h h
h ųjۊɾů‹
ǻ
dŌj Ƒ ūj ɉŠɶȡbh NA
j
ˏ p źh ţ űû Źj j ũźû Ŧ ŴjŲbh IĵŹjɊ űh ŶŹŁ
ûh ik h i h Šh Š ğ l i h h l ih h h ğ h
ĵŏe ŧȫ ťj ŰȲŵ ƅ ĺ
j ɳj Űɻů‹ AźŰųj Šb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹b ̪
h i Š h h û i ğ hû i Š h û h h Ģ h l i m h h û i ğ
̫ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjĹŶƠ‹ ĶɳŔ= ūjɌʤb= ĵŹšŎb ƅj?
h
û h
û
ûh k
űi Źj j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə Ůjp ţ Ŵjû Ųk űjŸjKbʼni Ŕi Ǎj ĵŲh ĵŶh ȭŌh ŵbh
h
ğ ğ
i
h
h
h û l Aźiɉĵhũbh ð ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁû ‹
ĵŶğ Ŭ ĵŲh bh AŊŠʇjh ů ĵŶh Š Ɗʼnh Ÿ djȑ‹ jĬj ʼni ųû ơ‹
i
h h i ğ hŠ h h û h m h ûh h h û h
û m
ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh ŮŎi Ki D;h ĵŁh ʼnû Ūů ðĬ‹
ĵŶƊʼnŸ `= ƅźɉ djʼnļŹ jȍ
i
û
i
i h i i û h l m i i h k hû
h iiû
i Ŭ ĵųh ķ ĵŸź
űû ļŶ
űȲŰj Ļ `= AbIźŵb ˌŨj ơĭjķ
ųļȪjKb= ĹŶğ Ơ‹
j
h
h
û
h i h
h hh
h Ŕû h= c
h Ŕû = jĹŶğ Ơ‹
h Šɳ
i Šɳ
h Ķ
Ģ Iĵ
ŵb ̬ `źŰųh šû ȩ
`= jKĵğȍ‹ Ķ
û h kq
h
h h
h
Ġ
h
ʼnh Šbh ĵŲğ űĻʼnŁh bh ŮŹh ȯ ĵŪńh ĵŶh ɅĠ Kh ĵŵʼnh Šbh ĵŲh ĵŵʼnû Łh bh ʼnû ũ
ğ i h û ğ h û i h û h ü i k h i h ğ h h û h h l i h kq h û i Ġ h
jĬ‹ ĹŶšů `= űŹŶɀķ `jJİɊ `JįŦ űô šȫ Aźɉĵũ ðĵŪń űȲɅK
feara shall be upon themb nor shall they grieve. 36
But those who disbelieved in Our signs and were
too arrogant to accept them—those are the fellows
of the Fire; therein they abide. 37 So who is more
unjust than someone who has fabricated lies against
Allah or has considered His signs to be a lie?
Thoseb —their share of the decree will reach them.
Until, when Our messengers have come to them to
take their souls (at death), they say, “Where is
whatever you used to call upon apart from Allah?”
They say, “They have strayed from us,” and they
testify against themselves that they were deniers. 38
He saidc, “Enter with the communities of unseen
beingsd and humans who have gone into the Fire
before you.” Every time a community entered, it
cursed its sister-community till, when they were all
in it, the last of them said about the first of them,
“Our Lord, these are the ones who led us astray, so
bring upon them double punishment in the Fire.”
He said, “Each will have double, but youe know
not.” 39 And the first of them said to the last of them,
“Thus you had no advantage over us, so taste the
punishment on account of what you used to earn.”
Indeed, those who disbelieved in Our signs and
40
were too arrogant to accept them—the gates of the
heaven will not be widely openedf for them, nor will
they enter the Garden (of Paradise) until the camelg
passes through the eye of the needle. And thus We
repay the criminals. 41 For them is Hell as a resting
place, and above them are sheets of fire. And thus
We repay the unjustpl. 42 But those who have attained
faith and have done righteous deeds—We never
task any self beyond its capacity—those are the
fellows of the Garden (of Paradise); therein they abide.
And We removedc whatever malice was within
43
their chests; rivers flow beneath them. And they
said, “Praise be to Allah who has guided us to this,
forh never would we have been guided had Allah
not guided us; most surely, the messengers of our
Lord did come with the truth.” And it was called
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . no fear shall ever be upon them nor shall they grieve.”
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
c
Frequently the Qur’an
addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
d
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
Qe
Shuʻba read it as: “. . . but they know not.”
Qf
Abu ʻAmr, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . the gates of Heaven will not be opened for them . . .”
g
The Arabic word used is jamal which also means ‘thick rope’.
Qh
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “Praise be to Allah who has guided us to this. Never would we have been guided had Allah not
guided us . . .”
Qa
b
103
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
hh
ğ
h h
h ųjۊɾů‹
h ȑ‹ğ ̭ ǻ
ŴŠ `bʼnĠ ŕi hŽ ŴŽj
ȇ
j
h i
h
h
i
`bŋi jŧŠɦ j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭjķ űŸbh ĵŁq źjh Š ĵŹh ȫźŤĸû Ɇh bh
h hh h x h
h i ûh x h
h jŏȵ ˮ `ź
h Šû Ɓ‹û ȇ
b Bĵ
űô û Źi Š Ƌųž
Ŧ
ŋ
š
Ȭ
^ĵ
Ł
K
[A
ŋ
j
ô łjń
j
j
j
h
h
û
h
h
i
h hh
h i
i
h h
h Ŕû = l Abû Iĵ
h Šɳ
h Ķ
ŵb
ĵŸźŰŇʼnû hŽ űû ɉ űô û Ȳžû ŰŠ űf Š ʄŎh `= jĹŶğ Ơ‹
mh h û û i i Š h û h û h i h
h
i
;ĵŪŰj Ļ űŸŋɻķɁ ĺŦǮ
AJ˯ø ̯ `źši ųh śû Ȭh űû Ÿbh
j
ğ jû hû h h hû hûh h hğh l i h ğ
h û h
h ųjۊɾů‹
ǻ
_źŪů‹ şŲ ĵŶŰšƏ ƅ ĵŶɅK Aźɉĵũ jKĵȍ‹ Ķ
j
j ŠɳŔ=
h i ûh q h
ûhû i Šh û h Ģ h hh
h jŏȵ űŹi ȫź
ɳŔ= cIĵŵb ̰
űû Źi Š Ƌųž
Ŧŋj šȬ ƅĵŁjK [A
j ŋh ŠƁ‹ Ķ
j
û
i
h
h i h û ûi
i i ûh û i h Šh û h m h l i h
h
û
h
`bǚj ŭļŏȶ űļŶŬ ĵŲb űȲšƦ űȲŶŠ ƴȮ= ĵŲ Aźɉĵũ
l i i û hû h iğ i ii hh h û i û h ûh h ğ m h i Ģ h h
AźŰŇI‹ ˏĹg Ƨŋjķ Ĭ‹ űŹɉĵŶȬ ƅ űļųŏũ= ŴŽjȑ‹ j;ƅİʧ= ̱
h i û h i h m h h û i û h h f û h h h ğ hû
h hh
Ģ Iĵ
c
ŵb ̲ `źŵŌh ƕ űû ļŵ
= ƅb űȲžŰŠ [źŇ ƅ ĹŶƠ‹
h
h
hh l i
û
h Ŕû h=
h Ŕû h= Kĵğȍ‹ Ķ
h Šɳ
i Šɳ
hû Ķ
Ŵjh Ų ĵŶh žû ŰŠ AźŘžjȯ= `= jĹŶğ Ơ‹
j
hh h i h ğ h hğ ğ lmi h iğ i i hh h ğ ûh m hû
ȇ ĵųŹɊŋń Ĭ‹ `j? Aźɉĵũ ôĬ‹ űȲũLK ĵųjɊ b= j;ĵųɉ‹
h h l i hğ h ğ
h
h û
û h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹
űi Źi ȩŋğ ţbh ĵĸq jšůbh ˊźq Źû ɉ űû Źi ŶŽj
I AbŊƛ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ̳ ŴɆ
j
û h h û Ġ i Š h hû
mh l h h
h h
h hŵ _h źû hȎĭ
Ŧ ô ĵžȫȐ‹ Cźžơ‹
AŊŠɪ űû Źj Ɋj źû hŽ ;h ĵŪj ů Aźŏi ȸ ĵųh Ŭ űû Źi Š Ƌŏȿ
h i h û h h Šh l i h h h
h
h û ʼnû Ūh hůbh ̴ `b
Ķ
ʼnŅƒ ĵŶjļɔ˲ Aźŵǽ ĵŲb
j j ķ űŹi ŠɰĴŁ
j
p Š ɮȲ
ûh
hk qhû h h
h
û
q i û Šh h i Šh û ğ h
Kb cʼnŸ ˈg ŰjŠ ȇ
ŷɰŰŕŦ
ŮŸ ̵ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ˉp źû Ūj ů ĹƧ
û
û
û
ğ
ğ
i ih ii h h hûh ih h
h i
i ŏi h ȸ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ ^ź
aź
ŪȬ ÿŷŰɆjbįĻ ƫj įŽ _źŽ ÿô ŷŰɆjbįĻ ƅj? `bŋi ŞŶhŽ
ğ
h hû
hkh i i i û hm h ûh iûh
ŴjŲ ĵhȍ ŮŹh ȯ Ũj k ơĭ
j ķ ĵŶjɅK ŮŎK D;ĵŁ ʼnũ ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ
ğ hû h h h û hh Ġ hi ûh mhh l i h û hh hmh h i
ihûh ği
ô Ůųšȫ ĵŶŬ djȑ‹ ǞȮ ŮųšŶȯ Iŋŵ b= ĵȍ AźšŧŒɀŦ ;ĵšŧő
ğ
h ih ûh l i h ğ iû h ğ h h û i h i h lm i h ûh
`j? ̶ `bǛ
ŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹŶȭ Ůŗb űŹŏŧŵ= AbǪj Ň ʼnũ
hğ ğ
h hû
i ğh
h h ğ Ũh hŰŇh djȑ‹ğ Ĭ‹
i ğ űi Ȳ
ˉp ĵŽɁ jĹļjŎ Ǎj P˱Ɓ‹bh D
ɅK
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
h
ğ
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i
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h Źh ğȍ‹ Ůh ûȎ‹ ǀj Ťû Ȭi Nj ŋû šh ů‹ ȇh c
Š źh ļh Ŏ‹
ÿŷi ĸi Űśû Ȭh Kĵ
ˌ
h
hh
h ğ h i h i Ġ h h hû h h û ğ h q h
ƅɁ mĀjñaŋj Ɋû įjķ D
ģ Š ɷňŏɊ _źłȍ‹b ŋh ųŪů‹b ōųŒɉ‹b ĵĿɀjĿń
l i û
h û Ȕi h
h ųhۊ ɿh ûů‹ BĠ Kh Ĭ‹
i ğ ]h Kĵ
h ĸh ȩh ñ ŋi Ɋû hƁ‹û bh Ũi ûŰƢ‹
AźŠI‹ ̷ ǻ
j
ğ
h
jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ
ĵųh Źi Ŷh ûɀɅh bh ̮
out to them, “This is the Garden (of Paradise) you are
made to inherit on account of what you used to do.”
And the fellows of the Garden (of Paradise) called
44
out to the fellows of the Fire, “We certainly found
what our Lord had promised us to be true, so did
you find what your Lord had promised you to be
true?” They said, “Yes.” Thereupon an announcer
called out in their midst, “Leta the curse of Allah be
upon the unjust, 45 who bar (people) from the way of
Allah and seek to make it crooked, while regarding
the Hereafter they are deniers.” 46 And between
them isb a partition, and on the elevations are men
who recognize everyone by their features. And they
calledc to the fellows of the Garden (of Paradise),
“Peace be upon you.” They have not entered it, but
they are ardently hoping. 47 And when their sight(s)
are directed towards the fellows of the Fire, they
say, “Our Lord, do not place us with the unjust
people.” 48 Then the fellows of the elevations calledc
out to men whom they recognize by their features.
They said, “In no way did your multitude avail you,
nor did your arrogance.” 49 “Are these the ones youpl
swore Allah would not touch with mercy? Enter the
Garden (of Paradise); no fear is upon you, nor shall you
grieve.” 50 And the fellows of the Fire called out to
the fellows of the Garden (of Paradise), “Pour some
water over us or some of what Allah has provided
for you.” They said, “Allah has indeed forbidden
them for the deniers 51 who took their religion as a
distraction and a game, and whom the Earlier Life
deceived.” So today We forget them like they forgot
the meeting on this day of theirs and for how they
used to repudiate Our signs. 52 And most surely, We
have given them a Scripture which We have detailed
with knowledge—guidance and mercy for people
who believe. 53 Are they waiting for anything but
its fulfillment? The day its fulfillment comes true,
those who forgot it earlier will say, “The messengers
of our Lord did come with the truth, so do we have
any intercessors to intercede for us? Or could we be
returned back to behave differently from the way
we behaved before?” They have certainly lost
themselves, and whatever they used to fabricate
All except Nafieʻ, Qunbul, Abu ʻAmr, ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as “‘Indeed, the curse of Allah is upon the unjust’ . . .”
A grammatical shift to present tense, which serves to create a vivid portrait of future events.
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qa
b
104
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h
i ğh
h ʼnļh šû ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi ƅh ÿŷi ğŵ? ô Ĺe žh ŧû Ňi bh ȕq Ǵ
Ġ h hĻ űû Ȳ
ƅbh ̸ ŴŽj
ɅK
j
h
û
l i ûi
h û h û
q h i û
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Abʼnjŏ
ŧȩ
ô ĵše ųh Śh bh ĵŦźû Ň iaźŠI‹bh ĵŹh Ņ
j Š ʄŔj? ʼnšȨh P˱
ğ hih
û
ğ h hûh ğ
û ųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ĶɆ
x ŋhũ jĬ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
ĺƧK `j?
djȑ‹ źŸb ̹ ǻ
j
j
h
ğ
h û h û h h h û h h û i h h k ‹ Ůji Ŏŋû iŽ
ğ h
û Űhũ= m AJh ? Ʋ
ĺ
j Ģ ń ĀjðŷjļƧK dʼnŽ ǻȨ ˊüǬȵ ъɔŋɉ
j
h
hh i h û i q h q h h
hĵŶŁû ŋh Ňû hįhŦ ;h m ĵųh û ɉ‹ jŷķ ĵhȍû Ōŵ
h įhŦ ĺžk Ųğ Ȓ
p j p jȊ ŷŠɰŪŎ ƅĵŪj ľ ĵȨĵŅŎ
j
i ğ h Šh û h û i û i h Šh h
h ğ k i ŴjŲ Ājŷķ
űû ȲŰšh ů Ș
źųɉ‹ Fŋj Ɲ ūj ɉɶŬ D
ˏ j Š ɷųh Ȍ‹ ȁ
j
j
û
ğ
h
û
ûh i k ğ i h h
h i hh
i h
ĀjðŷjɅk Kh `j JjıjȨ ÿŷi Ļĵĸh ȫ Fi ŋi ƞ Ķ
j žśů‹ ȒȊ‹b ̺ `bŋŬŊĻ
ğ
i k h i h Šh h q h ğ i i û h h h i h
h
ĺ
j ŵ ƅj? Fŋƞ ƅ ĽĸŇ djȑ‹bh
j Š ɔ˖‹ [Dz
j ŵ ūj ɉɶŬ ôˑʼnȲ
h hh
h Šh e i h û h û h û h h
h
h i û
û
^ĵŪȯ ĀjŷŲj źũ Ǔj? ĵńźŵ ĵŶŰŎK= ʼnŪů ̻ `bŋi ŭŒhȹ ˉp źû Ūj ů
i h h m k m i i û h Šh û k i h h h ğ l i i û û h Š h
[ĵŇ= ƭ
j j ? ÿaǞȮ ŷg ɧj? ŴjŲ űȲů ĵŲ Ĭ‹ Abʼnĸȭ‹ _j źŪɔ
ih û h h
h
ğ
h ûh h h h û i ûh h
ĵŵj? mĀjŷŲj źû ũ ŴjŲ Ƃųh ɉ‹ ^ĵũ ̼ ˈž
p Şj Š ˉg źŽ BAŊŠ űȲžŰŠ
h h h h h
x h Šh h
h Š hhh
Ġ h h
ĹŰʄŗ ƪj ōh ûɀů _j źû ŪŠɔ ^ĵũ ̽ ǻ
p j ĸŲ Ůp Š ʄŗ Ǎj ūƊǝů
x i h k Šh h
h Šh û i i khi
h h h û k Kğ ŴjŲk ^ź
ĺ
ŎK ƴjj ŭɧb
j Š ʄɜ
j
jK űȲŤj ŰķɁ ̾ ǻųj ۊɿů‹ B
h
hû
h h h h
ğ
i h h hh k h
̿ `źųi Űšû ȩ ƅ ĵŲh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų űi ŰŠ=bh űû Ȳů Ńi ŕŵ
=b ȗj K
h
i kğ k x û û i hm h
h hh
Š h h űû Ȳ
Ůp Łi Kh ȇ
Ʌj K ŴjŲ ŋŬjJ űȱ;ĵŁ `= űû ļi ĸû ł
Š
j b=
h h
h ih ûi û i ğ hhh l iğh h û ih i û i k
i iķŊğ ŭ
ŋĻ űȲŰšůb AźŪļ jȋb űȡKjŊŶȎj űȲŶjŲ
aź
Ŧ ̀ `źƧ
ğ
l iğ h h
û iû
û û h
h h h ȑ‹ğ bh ŷi Šɰh žû hƑhįhŦ
AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŶh Ȱŋh ţ=bh ū
j Űŧů‹ Ǎj ÿŷi šŲ ŴŽj
h
h
i h h
h ųŠh ĵŲe źû hũ l Aźiŵǽh űû Źi ȫğ ? ôm ĵŶh ļŠɔ˲
űû ŸĵŇ= Ig ȕh ǓŠ ˯ø ́ ǻ
j
j j
i h h h ğ l i i û j û hŠh h h q i
i û Ȯh ŷŠɧh ? Ŵjû Ųk űȲ
ÿm ô iaǞ
ů ĵŲ Ĭ‹ Abʼnĸȭ‹ _źŪɔ ^ĵũ ôˑIźŸ
g j
l
h
ğ
h h h ğ i h hû h h
h i h hhh
ȑ‹ Ƃųɉ‹ ^ĵũ ͂ `źŪļğ ȩ ƆŦ=
ĵŵj? mĀjŷŲj źû ũ ŴjŲ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
h h
h û h h Ġ ihh ğ
h h h
h Š hhh
h ȨjŊŠʃ
ů‹
Ŵj
Ų
ū
Ŷ
Ş
ȍ
ĵ
ŵ˯
^ĵũ ̓ ǻ
Ĺ
Ÿĵ
ŧ
Ŏ
Ǎ
ū
Ɗǝů
p
j
j
û
x
h
h
h
h h
h h h
h ųۊɿh ů‹ Bk Kğ ŴjŲk ^źŎi Kh ƴjk ŭŠɧbh xĹŸĵ
ŧŎ ƪj ōh ûɀů _j źû ŪŠɔ
ǻ
j
j
j
h Šh û i i khi
h i h úhh k
f Ųh= Ńf Ŕĵ
ͅ ǻj
j ŵ űû Ȳů ĵŵɁbh ȗj Kh ĺ
j Š ʄɜ
jK űȲŤj ŰķɁ ̈́
h
û
m
i kğ k x
û i h h h û i û Šh bh h=
Š h űû Ȳ
Ůp Łi Kh ȇ
j
j ɅK ŴjŲ ŋŬjJ űȱ;ĵŁ `= űļĸł
strayed away from them. 54 Indeed, your pl Lord is
Allah, the One Who created the heavens and the
earth in six daysa then settled over the Throne. He
causes the night to overwhelmb the day, pursuing it
persistently, forc the sun and the moon and the stars
are subjected by His command. Truly, His is the
creation and the command. Supremely Blessed be
Allah, Lord of all realms. 55 Call upon your Lord in
supplication and in secret. Indeed, He does not love
the transgressors. 56 And do not corrupt the earth
after its reformation, and call upon Him with fear
and ardent hope. Indeed, Allah’s mercy is close to
those who excel in doing good. 57 And it is He Who
sends the windsd as heralds of glad tidingse ahead
of His mercy until, when they carry up heavy
clouds, Wef drive them to a lifeless land where We
send down water, and with it We bring out all kinds
of products. Thus We bring out the dead, that you
may remind yourselvesg. 58 And the good land—its
plants come out by the leave of its Lord, whereas
that which has become nasty does not come outh
unless useless. Thus Wef diversify the signs for
people who give thanks. 59 Very truly, We sent Noah
to his people. So he said, “O my people, worship
Allah; you have no god other than Him. Indeed, I
fear for you the punishment of a great day.” 60 The
chiefs of his people said, “We surely see that you
are in evident misguidance.” 61 He said, “O my
people, there is no misguidance in me, but I am a
messenger from the Lord of all realms. 62 I proclaimi
to you the messages of my Lord and I advise you,
and I know from Allah what you do not know. 63
Are you amazed that a reminder has come to you
from your Lord upon a man from among you, to
warn you and that you might be mindful (of God) and
that you may receive mercy?” 64 But they disbelieved
him, so We saved him and those with him in the
ship, and We drowned those who disbelieved in Our
signs. Indeed, they were a blind people. 65 And to
ʻĀd, their brother Hud. He said, “O my people,
Six equal intervals of time, which may be six heavenly days, each of them being 1000 earthly years long (see 22:47).
the night to tightly overwhelm the day . . .”
Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “He causes
Qc
it as: “. . . persistently. And the sun and the moon and the stars are subjected by His command.”
Ibn ʻAmer read
Qd
Ibn Kathir, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “wind”.
Qe
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . as a revival ahead of His mercy . . .”
All others read it as: “. . . as revivers ahead of His mercy . . .”
f
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Qg
All except Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . that you may constantly remember”.
Qh
Ibn Wardan, in one of his narrations, read it as: “…which has become nasty does not bring out except the useless.”
Qi
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “I compile and proclaim to you . . .”
a
Qb
105
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
i
m hh i i h
û l i û
i
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ;h ĵŧŰŇ űû ȲŰšh Łh Jj? Abm ŋi ŬJ‹bh űô û ȡKjh ŊŶiȎj űû ȲŶjŲk
û hû
i h
ğ mh l i û h q û
i h
p ŵ _j źû ũ
Ǎj űû ȱIALh bh Gź
jĬ‹ ;h ƅA;h Abm ŋi ŬJĭŦ ð Ĺśh ŕö hķ Ũj ŰƢ‹
h i ûi û i ğhh
h ğ ʼnh ĸi šû h jȍ ĵŶh hȽĴû Łh= l Aźm i ɉĵhũ ͆ `ź
ÿiaʼnh ńû bh Ĭ‹
Ņj Űŧȩ űȲŰšů
j
û
i
h Ŭ `? m ĵhŵʼni šj hĻ ĵųh ķ ĵŶjh ĻįhŦ ĵhŵ>i m ĵhķA;h ʼni ĸi šû Ȭh `h ǽh ĵŲh Kh Ŋh hŵbh
Ŵjh Ų ĺŶ
j
j
i kğ k i ûh h h hh ûh h h
h Š ğ
x Łû K űû Ȳ
ō
j ɅK ŴjŲ űȲžŰŠ şȰb ʼnũ ^ĵũ ͇ ǻjȰʼnj ɻů‹
j
h mh
m h m
h i h ih f h h h
űû ļi ŵ= ĵŸźųi ļi žû ųğ Ŏh p;ĵųh Ŏû = Ǎ
j ƴj ŵźɉjʼnŠɲĻɁ ðĶŘţb
k l
i imh h h
h hŦ ŴŠɽh ûŰŎi ŴjŲ ĵŹh ķ Ĭ‹
i ğ ^h Ōğ hŵ ĵŲğ űȱ
ƭj j ? Abm ŋi Şj ļŵĭ
>ĵķA;b
ˏp
j
h
ğ
û
hû
h i h k i h h
i h h h ȑ‹bh ŷi Šɰh žû hƑįhŦ ͈ ŴɆ
h ŋŞj ļŶ
pĹƧŋh j ķ ÿŷšŲ ŴŽj
j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ űȲšŲ
h l iğ h h ğ h h hû hhh ğk
h ŶŲj İû Ɋi l Aźiŵǽh ĵŲh bh ðĵŶh ļŠɔ˲
ǻj
AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ŋjķAI ĵŶšśȰb ĵŶjŲ
j
l
h
h
û j û hŠh
h i h h h h h
h ğ ‹ Abʼni ĸi ȭ‹
ĵŲh Ĭ
_źŪɔ ^ĵũ ô ĵŅjq ۊɞ űû ŸĵŇ= Iźųi Ȫ ǓŠ ˯ ͉
i h
i k
k x h k h i û m h û h i û Ȯh ŷŠɧh ? Ŵjû Ųk űȲ
ů
ðűû ȲjɅKğ ŴjŲ ĹŶjɀķ űȲĻ;h ĵŁ ʼnũ ÿð iaǞ
g j
û
h
h
ğ
i h h i h h ðqh h û i h ğ ih h
m j Ůû ȱ
j =Ǎ
įĻ ĵŸbKŊŦ ĹŽA; űȲů jĬ‹ Ĺũĵŵ Āj aŊj Šɪ
ðjĬ‹ P˱
h f h h û i h i ûhh i h Ġ hh hh
lm i i û h
AbŋŬJ‹b ͊ űx Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ űȱŊŇįžȯ ;p źm ŏjȵ ĵŸźŏųȩ ƅb
hû
i hğh h h û h ü j hm hh i û i h h h û
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû ȱ
P˱
=źɅb pIȕ ʼnj šȨ ŴŲ ;ĵŧŰŇ űȲŰšŁ Jj?
û
h
h i ûhh q i i h i i
h i ğh
q
ðĵĻźži Ȩi ^ĵĸh Ơ‹
j ļȩ
j Ŷȩb ˊKźŕũ ĵŹj ɉźŹŎ ŴjŲ `bŊň
j `źļŅ
h
û
l h h h ğ mh l i û h
h ʼn jŏŧû Ųi P˱
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Aźû Ŀšû ȩ ƅbh jĬ‹ ;h ƅA;h Abm ŋi ŬJĭŦ
͋ ŴŽj
l i û i û h ğ
l ih û h û h ğ i h hû h h
h
AźŧjšŘļŎ‹ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ĀjŷŲj źû ũ ŴjŲ Abǚ
ŭļŎ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ƃųɉ‹ ^ĵũ
h
x
h ğ h h hh
ĀjôŷjɅk Kğ ŴjŲk ŮŎh ŋû ŲĠ ĵŅjq ۊɞ `= `źųi Űšû ȩɁ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû ųjh ɉ
lm ih û h û h ğ h h
h i m ğ l i h
h
û
AbǚŭļŎ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵũ ͌ `źŶji ŲİɊi Ājŷjķ ŮjŎKû = ĵųh j ķ ĵŵj? Aźm ɉĵũ
lûh h h hh ğ l i hh h
h
h
i ŲAh ;h dj
m ȑĭğ ķ ĵğŵ?
Aźļȭb Ĺũĵȍ‹ AbŋŪšȯ ͍ `bŋi ŧj Š ɦ Ājŷjķ űļŶ
j j
h
l
i
i
m
h Ŭ `? ĵhŵʼni šj hĻ ĵųh ķ ĵŶh j Ƚûij‹ Ńji ۊɻh Š ɔh Aźɉĵhũbh űû ŹɅk Kh ŋɊû = Ŵû ȭh
ĺŶ
j
j
jj j
h
h
l
h
h ŰŎh ŋû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų
i ĸh Ŕû įhŦ Ĺi ŧh Łû ŋɉ‹
ğ űi Źi ȩû Ŋh Ňh įhŦ ͎ ǻj
űjû ŸjKAI Ǎj AźŅ
h ğ h
i ûh h hh h h h h
h ųĿŠ ɕh
űû Ȳļi ŤŰûķɁ ʼnû Ūů _j źû ŪŠɔ ^ĵũbh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ȠŠ źh ļh ȯ ͏ ǻ
jj
ğ
i
h
h
h
i
û ŕh hŵbh ȗk Kh Ĺh hůĵŎh K
i Ņ
`źĸjĠ ƕ ƅ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh űû Ȳů ĺ
j
j
worship Allah; you have no god other than Him.
Will you not be mindful (of Him)?” 66 The chiefs of
his people, who denied, said, “We surely see that
you are in foolishness and we surely think that you
are one of the liars.” 67 He said, “O my people, there
is no foolishness in me, but I am a messenger from
the Lord of all realms. 68 I proclaima to you the
messages of my Lord, and I am a trustworthy
adviser to you. 69 Are you amazed that a reminder
has come to you from your Lord upon a man from
among you, to warn you? And call to mind when
He made you successors after the people of Noah
and increased you greatly in stature, and remember
Allah’s blessings, that you may succeed.” 70 They
said, “Have you come to us in order for us to
worship Allah alone and leave what our forefathers
used to worship? So bring us what you threaten us
with, if you are one of the truthful.” 71 He said,
“Abomination and wrath have surely befallen you
from your Lord. Are you arguing with me over
names which you and your forefathers invented, for
which Allah sent down no authority? So wait; I am
indeed with you among those waiting.” 72 So We
saved him and those with him by mercy from Us,
and We cut off the roots of those who disbelieved
in Our signs and never attained faith. 73 And to
Thamûd, their brother Saleh. He said, “O my
people, worship Allah; you have no god other than
Him; an evident proof has certainly come to you
from your Lord: this she-camel of Allah is a sign
for you, so let her eat in Allah’s land and do not
touch her with any harm lest a painful punishment
seize you.” 74 “And call to mind when He made you
successors after ʻĀd and settled you in the land,
taking for yourselves palaces on its plains and
carving out houses of the mountains. So remember
Allah’s marvels and do not go wickedly about the
land, corrupting it.” 75 Theb chiefs of his people, who
acted arrogantly, said to those who had been
deemed weak and oppressed—those who had
attained faith from among them, “Do you know that
Saleh is an emissary from his Lord?” They said,
“We are indeed believers in what he has been sent
with.” 76 Those who acted arrogantly said, “Indeed,
we deny what you believe in.” 77 So they hamstrung
the she-camel and defied the command of their
Lord and said, “O Saleh, bring upon us what you
Qa
Qb
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “I compile and proclaim to you . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “And the chiefs of his people . . .”
106
PART 8. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h h Šhû h i ûhh m û h h h û e i h
ğ
h ŕŠɰů‹
ĵŲh ĹŒŅ
j ʁů‹ `źĻɂĻɁ ĀjŷŲj źŪj ů ^ĵũ Jj? ĵŚźɉb ͐ ǻŅ
j j
h iû h i ğ
i hh h
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ Ŵjh Ųk ʼnńh h= Ŵjû Ų ĵŹh ķ űȲ
`źĻɂhȋ űû Ȳŵj? ͑ ǻ
ŪĸŎ
j
p
j
h
h i û Ġ x ûh û i ûh m h k
i k qh û h h h k
͒ `źŦǪ
j I ŴjŲ CźŹő ^ĵŁŋɉ‹
j Ų _źũ űļŵ= Ůķ ˏ ;j ĵŏjȿů‹ `b
j
i i û h lmi h h m ğ m j ûh h h h h h h h
k
ŴjŲ űŸźŁŋj Ň= Aźɉĵũ `= ƅj? ĀjŷŲźũ BAźŁ `ǽ ĵŲb
hh
ğ hûh
h
i hûh
x hŵɁi űû Źi ȫğ ? űû Ȳ
ƅj? ÿm ŷi ŰŸ=bh ŷi Šɰh žû hƑįŦ ͓ `bŋi Źğ śh ļh Ȭh Mĵ
j ð j ļɆŋũ
h h h ûh
û
ğ
û hŵǽh ÿŷi hĻɁh ŋh Ɋ‹
h ǚŠʀh ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų ĺ
ðˊŋq śh Ų űŹj žû ŰŠ ĵŵŋû śh Ų=bh ͔ ŴɆ
jj
i h
û ųi û ɉ‹ Ĺi ĸh ŪŠɢh `h ǽh ťh žû Ŭh ŋû Şŵĭ
h Ųŋł
Š h ͕ ǻj
Ŵh Ȭh ʼnû Ųh Ǔ˯
Ŧ
j
j
hŠ û k i h h h ğ l i i û û h Š h h h q û h i û i h h
ŷg ɧj? ŴjŲ űȲů ĵŲ Ĭ‹ Abʼnĸȭ‹ _j źŪɔ ^ĵũ ô ĵĸžšő űŸĵŇ=
hû h û l iûhh û i kğ k x hkh i ûhm h ûh iiû h
Ůžŭů‹ AźŦbįŦ ðűȲjɅK ŴjŲ ĹŶjɀķ űȲĻ;ĵŁ ʼnũ ÿð aǞȮ
l i ûi hh û i hmh ûh h ğ l i h ûh hh h h û h
Ǎj Abʼnjŏ
ŧȩ ƅb űŸ;ĵžő= Mĵȍ‹ Aźŏňĸȩ ƅb `AǤųj ɉ‹b
i ğ x û h û i Šh h Šh û h û h j h û
i Ŭi `? űû Ȳ
űļŶ
ů ǞŇ űȲj ůə ô ĵŹŅ
j ʄŔj? ʼnšȨ P˱Ɓ‹
j
l
ki
ûh h
h
i
h û Ġ
`bʼni Šj źĻ Qp Š ɷh Ŕ
j Ůj Ȳjķ Abʼni ši Ūȩ ƅbh ͖ ǻj ŶŲj İŲ
h i h
ğ
q
h h h Ġ i hh
ô ĵŁźjh Š ĵŹh ȫźŤĸû ȩbh Ājŷjķ Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû Ųh jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ ŴŠ `bʼnŕĻb
ihğ h h q h û i i û lm i i û h
h h h h l i
ŭŦ Ɔžj Űũ űļŶŬ Jj? AbŋŬJ‹b
`ǽ ťžû Ŭ Abŋi Şŵ‹bh ðűû ȡǜ
l ih h û i k x h m h h h
h ʼn jŏŧû ųi û ɉ‹ Ĺi ĸh jŪŠɢh
AźŶŲA; űȲŶjŲ ĹŧjɋĵŚ `ǽ `˯ ͗ ŴŽj
l i û h l i ûi ûğ x h m hh
i ûŰjŎKû i= dj
m ȑĭğ ķ
Š ğ ńh Abǚ
Ʋ
Ŕĭ
Ŧ
Aź
Ŷj
Ų
İ
Ž
ű
ů
Ĺ
ŧ
ɋ
ĵ
Ś
b
Ā
j
ŷ
ķ
ĺ
j
j
j
j
i h hû h h
û
h
ğ
h
û
i
i
h
û
û
h
h
h
h
i Ň źh Ÿbh ô ĵŶŶɀķ Ĭ‹
i űh ȲƘ
Ƃųɉ‹ ^ĵũø ͘ ǻųj ŭ
j Šɳů‹ Ǟ
l ihû h û h ğ
h
h ğ h û ih
i žû šh Œi Š ɔh ū
h ȑ‹ğ bh Ķ
ŴŽj
ŶŁŋj ňȍ ĀjŷŲj źû ũ ŴjŲ Abǚ
ŭļŎ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹
h
h
l
hû h h h h h ğ
m
h
ğ i
h
źɉb= ^ĵũ ô ĵŶjļŰjɊ Ǎj `Iźši hȋ bû = ĵŶh j ȽɆh ŋû ũ ŴjŲ ūšh Ųh AźŶi ŲAh ;h
h ğ hh
û h
û
h
h ği
h ŸŋŠɦ
h h ȯ‹
ʼnj ũ ͙ ǻj
Ǎj ĵŵʼnû Ši `j? ĵeķjŊŬ jĬ‹ ȇ ĵŶh Ɇû Ǜ
ĵŶŬ
j
h
h
h
m
i i
h ğ
ğ û hûh i ğ
i ğ ĵŶh Š ƋƑ
Jj? ʼnšȨ űȲjļŰjɊ
Iźši ȫ `= ĵhȍ `źȲhŽ ĵŲh bh ô ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų Ĭ‹
hh eû
ğ
h
i
h
i ğ ;h m ĵŒh h ȹ `h= mƅğ ? m ĵŹžj
û ȁ ĵŶh ɅĠ Kh şjh Ŏbh ô ĵŶh ɅĠ Kh Ĭ‹
ȇ ô ĵųŰjŠ ;g ƾ
j ȯ
û hğh hûğhh ğ
h û Ʌh bh ĵŶh Ŷh ûɀhķ Ńû ļh ȯ‹
h h=bh Ũk ơĭ
i û Ňh ĺŵ
h û ķ ĵŶjh Ųźû hũ ǻ
Ǟ
ĵŶɅK ô ĵŶȣźĻ jĬ‹
j
j
i
ğ
û
l
h
h
h
h
h
hh h
h ŅļŠʁh ûů‹
Ŵj j Ɍů ĀjŷŲj źû ũ ŴjŲ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ Ƃųh ɉ‹ ^ĵũbh ͚ ǻ
j j
threaten us with, if you are one of the emissaries.”
Thereupon the Tremor overtook them, and they
78
became lifeless bodies in their home. 79 Then he
turned away from them and said, “O my people, I
have proclaimed to you the message of my Lord and
I have advised you, but you do not like those who
give advice.” 80 And Lot, when he said to his people,
“Do you commit such obscenity with which no one
in all communities has preceded you?” 81 “Youa do
approach men with desire instead of women.
Rather, you are an extremist people.” 82 And his
people’s only response was to say, “Evict them from
your town; indeed, they are a group of people who
always keep themselves clean.” 83 So We saved him
and his family, except for his woman; she was of
those who lingered behind. 84 And We rained down
on them a rain! So look what the outcome was for
the criminals. 85 And to Midian, their brother
Shuaib. He said, “O my people, worship Allah; you
have no god other than Him; an evident proof has
come to you from your Lord, so give full measure
and balance, and do not defraud people of their
belongings, and do not corrupt the land once it has
been reformed. That is better for you, if you are
believers. 86 And do not sit on every path, making
threats and barring from the way of Allah those
who have attained faith in Him, seeking to make it
crooked. And call to mind when you were few, then
He made you numerous. So look what the outcome
was for the corrupters. 87 And since a faction of you
have come to believe in what I was sent with and a
faction have not come to believe, then be patient
until Allah judges between us, for He is the Best of
judges.” 88 The chiefs of his people, who acted
arrogantly, said “O Shuaib, We will surely evict you
from our town, along with those who have attained
faith with you, unless you do indeed return to our
creed.” He said, “Even if we are reluctant? 89 We
would definitely be fabricating lies against Allah if
we were to return to your creed after Allah has
delivered us from it. And it is not for us to return to
it unless Allah, our Lord, wills. Our Lord has
encompassed everything in knowledge. In Allah
we have placed our trust. Our Lord, legislateb justly
between us and our people, for You are the Best of
All except Nafieʻ, Hafs, Abu Jaʻfar and Al-Sousi read it as: “‘Can it be that you do approach men with desire instead of
women? Rather, you are an extremist people.’”
b
The Arabic word used is iftah which means ‘open’.
Qa
107
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
ûh h hh
h i Šh ğ q û i ğ eûh i ûiûhğ
űi Źi ȩŊŇįŦ ͛ `bǪ
j ɴů AJj? űȲŵj? ĵĸžšő űļšĸȩ‹
ğ
l iğ h h
h ųĿŠɕh űjû ŸKAIh Ǎ l AźŅ
i ĸh Ŕû hįhŦ Ĺi ŧh Łû ŋɉ‹
ğ
AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ͜ ǻ
jj
j
j
i l ğ h h ğ h lûhû h û ğ h h qûh i
i l i h
űi Ÿ Aźŵǽ ĵĸq žû šh ő AźiķŊŬ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ô ĵŹžjȯ AźŶŤȬ űů `įŬ ĵĸžšő
h
h
h
h
h
h h h
h û
h ğ h
i û
h Ǫj Šɴ
ů‹
űû Ȳļi ŤŰûķɁ ʼnû Ūů _j źû ŪŠɔ ^ĵũbh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ȠŠ źh ļh ȯ ͝ ŴɆ
j
h
h
h
h Š h Š h h hû h û i
û ŕh hŵbh ȗk Kh ĺŠʄh ɜ
i Ņ
Š h jK
ˉp źû ũ ȇ
ƽA; ťžŭŦ ðűȲů ĺ
j j
mhû h h m ğ k ğ k hûh
h
h ûŰŎh Kû h= m ĵŲh bh ͞ ŴɆ
h ŋjŧŠɦ
j
ĵŵŊŇ= ƅj? Ʊ
Ų
Ĺ
Ɇ
ŋ
ũ
Ǎ
ĵ
Ŷ
ŵ
Ŵ
p
j
j
gj
h i ğ ğ h û iğ h h mğ ğ h m h ûhû hh û h
hĵȍû ʼnğ hķ űğ Ȫi ͟ `ź
ŠǴŽ űŹŰšů ;j AǴɉ‹b j;ĵŎįȊĭjķ ĵŹŰŸ=
l
m
h i h l h h Š ğ h h h h hû h k ğ h h h
h
ń ĹŶŏơ‹ jĹĴjɀŏɉ‹ `ǾŲ
ĵŵ;h ĵhķA;h ōğ Ɋh ʼnû ũ Aźɉĵũbğ Aźŧȭ Ʋ
h
hû h
q
h i i û h û i h h û h i Šh û h h h i m ğ ğ h i m ğ ğ
źɉb ͠ `bŋšŒȹ ƅ űŸb ĹļŤȨ űŹɓŊŇįŦ ;AǪɉ‹b ;AǴɉ‹
h hh ûh h h û h hh lû hğ h l ih h Ģ h iû hû h ğ h
Š
ĺ
ɦ
p ŋķ űŹj žŰŠ ĵŶŅļŧů AźŪȩ‹b AźŶŲA; cŋŪů‹ ŮŸ= `=
hû h mh ğ
l i h h i hû h hh l iğ h
hh
Š
j
ɧ
b
P˱
Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ űŹŠɓŊŇįŦ AźķŊŬ ŴȲ
Ɓ‹b ;j ĵųŏɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk
j
û
û h
h h h
h i û h
Ģ ŋh Ūi ûů‹ Ůi Ÿû = Ŵjh ŲįhŦ= ͡ `ź
ĵļq Šɱh hķ ĵŶh Ŏi įhķ űŹi žjh ȩįhŽ `= c
ĸ jŏȲŽ
û
û
h
h
h
h
h i mh û i h
Ģ ŋh Ūi ûů‹ Ůi Ÿû = Ŵjh Ų=bh = ͢ `ź
ųjɋĵŵ űŸb
ĵŶh Ŏi įhķ űŹi žjh ȩįhŽ `= c
û
h
h
hh ğ û l
û
h
h û i
i
ŋh ŭŲh Ŵi Ųh įhŽ ƆŦ jôĬ‹ ŋh ŭŲh AźŶji ŲįŦ= ͣ `źĸi šh ŰhŽ űû Ÿbh ƻq ŗ
h i h ğ ûh ûhhh
h i Šh û iû hû ğ ğ
`źľŋj hŽ ŴŽj
ȓj ɉ ʼnj ŹȬ űɉb= ͤ `bǪ
j ɴů‹ _źŪů‹ ƅj? jĬ‹
h
h
m hh ğ
m ûh
h hû
ii
űô û Źj j ɅźŵŊjķ űŹi Šɰh ĸû Ŕh = ;i ĵŒȸ źû ů `= ĵŹjh ŰŸ= ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj P˱Ɓ‹
h h
i i Šh h i h û h h
h
h û
Š ŋh Ūi ûů‹ ū
şĸśȫb
c
Űj Ļ ͥ `źši ųh ŏû h ȹ ƅ űû Źi ȯ űû Źj j ɅźŰũ ȇ
h
i
mh
û m
hh
ih
h hh
űŹi ŰŎi Ki űû Źi ȩ;h ĵŁh ʼnû Ūůbh ô ĵŹh j ɋĵĸ˩
= Ŵjû Ų ūžû ŰŠ œĠ Ūȫ
l ğ h
l û l i h h
h h h i h
h û
ūj ɉŠɶŬ ô Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ AźiķŊŬ ĵųh j ķ AźŶji ŲİiȎj Aźŵǽ ĵųh ȯ ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊĭjķ
i i Šh h i ğ i h û h
h û
h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹
Bź
Űũ ȇ Ĭ‹ şĸśȬ
ĵŵʼnû Łh bh ĵŲh bh ͦ ŴɆ
j
j
h
h
m
h û h
h
û
h
h Ū jŏŠʁh ů űû Ÿi ǜ
hhȱ
ͧǻ
= ĵŵʼnû Łh bh `˯ ˌpʼnŹû ȭ Ŵjû Ųk űjŸǜ
j
j ȱƁj
h
h
m
h h Š h ŲĠ űjŸʼnšû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ĵŶh Ŀû šh Ȩh űğ Ȫi
h h h ûh û
ĀjŷlŽƄ
j
j Ɋb `źŠŋj Ŧ ǓŠ j ? ĵŶjļŠɔ˲ ƽź
û
h
h hh
h
i h h l ih hh
h ʼn jŏŧû ųi ɉ‹ Ĺi ĸh jŪŠɢh `h ǽ ťh žû Ŭ ŋû Şŵĭ
Ŧ ðĵŹjķ AźųŰŞȯ
^ĵũb ͨ ŴŽj
k
û
x
h
h
h ųۊɿh ů‹ Bk Kğ ŴŲj k ^źŎi Kh ƭ? `i źû Šh ŋû ŧŠɔh ƽź
f jŪńh ͩ ǻ
Ũž
j Š Ɋi
j
jj
j
legislators.” 90 And the chiefs of his people, who
denied, said, “If you follow Shuaib, you will
definitely be losers.” 91 Thereupon, the Tremor
overtook them, and they became lifeless bodies in
their home. 92 Those who disbelieved Shuaib— (it
was) as if they never prospered therein. Those who
disbelieved Shuaib—it was they who were the
losers. 93 So he turned away from them and said, “O
my people, I have proclaimed to you the messages
of my Lord and I have advised you, so how should
I grieve over a denying peoplea?” 94 And never did
We send any prophet to any town but We afflicted
its people with misery and adversity, that they may
earnestly supplicate (Us). 95 Then We substituted
good in place of evil until they thrived and said,
“Adversity and prosperity have touched our
forefathers.” Then We seized them suddenly while
they were unaware. 96 Yet had the people of the
towns attained faith and become mindful (of God),
We would surely have openedb for them blessings
from the heaven and the earth. But they disbelieved,
so We seized them for what they used to earn. 97 Do
the fellows of the towns feel secure that Our
chastisement will not come upon them by night
while they are sleeping? 98 And do the fellows of the
towns really feel securec that Our chastisement will
not come upon them by day while they are playing?
Do they feel safe from Allah’s scheme? None feel
99
safe from Allah’s scheme except people who are
losers. 100 Is it not guidance for those who inherit
the land after its fellows that if We willed, We could
strike them for their misdeeds, and seal up their
hearts so that they would not hear? 101 These
towns—We relate to you some of their stories. For
very truly their messengers came to them with
evident proofs, but they would not believe in what
they had disbelieved earlier. Thus Allah seals the
hearts of the deniers. 102 And We did not find most
of them true to their covenants; rather, We did find
most of them defiantly disobedient. 103 Then, after
them, We sent Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and
his chiefs, but they did injustice to them. So look
what the outcome was for the corrupters. 104 And
Moses said, “O Pharaoh, I am a messenger from the
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
Ibn ʻAmer, Abu Jaʻfar and Roways read it as: “. . . We would surely have widely opened for them . . .”
c
All except Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Or do the fellows of the towns feel secure that Our
chastisement will not . . .”
a
Qb
108
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
û ğ ğ hh h ih m ğ h hh
h k h i i û ʼnû hũ Ũğ ơ‹
h
Ģ
ƅj? jĬ‹ ȇ ^źũ= ƅ `= ȇ
pĹŶjžȼjķ űȲļĴŁ
ô
j
h Ģh û m h h h û ûhh û i k ğ k
h Ŭi `? ^ĵh hũ ͪ ŮŽj
ĺŶ
;ʴŎj? ƴj ķ Njj Ų ŮjŎKįŦ űȲjɅK ŴjŲ
j
ûh
ûh h h
m
ğ h h i
h Ȱʼnj Š ɻů‹
h Ĵû Ł
Š ůɂŦ ͫ ǻj
ǐ
ŴjŲ ĺŶŬ `j? ĵŹh j ķ D
j įŦ Ĺp hŽ˲ ĺ
j
h hhh
x hûi h h h i h h
x ĸŲĠ `ĵ
h j AJh ıhŦ ÿiaʼnh hŽ S
Ǘ
Ō ŵb ͬ ǻ
ĸšȪ Ǘj AJjıŦ aĵŕŠ
j
j
i
û
h
h
h h ğ h h
h
h
ğ im h ûh
h ŋŞj ŠɰŰj
AŊŠɪ `j? `źû Šŋjû Ŧ _j źû ũ ŴjŲ Ƃųh ɉ‹ ^ĵũ ͭ ŴɆ
ɉ ;ĵŘžȨ
j
h
h
h h
i
k i h ûi
i ŋiŽ ͮ űžj
x ŰŠh ŋf Ņ
Š
ɹ
ů
j = Ŵjû Ų űȲŁŋj ƞ `= ʼnɆ
j
ðűû Ȳŗ˱
j
û
m h hû
û ûhh i h hh û ûh lmi h
h ii h h hh
Ŵj j ɋAʼnųɉ‹ Ǎj ŮjŎK=b aĵŇ=b ŷŁ
j K= Aźɉĵũ ͯ `bŋɊįĻ AJĵųȯ
iûh
h ki
h
h
h j Šɖ
h;mĵŁh bh ͱ ˈžj ŰŠh ŋŅ
Š
p
j
g j ɜ h Ůj Ȳjķ ]źĻɂŽ Ͱ ŴɆǬ
h ŏɉ‹
h ĸjۊʀh ûů‹ Ŵi ûƗh ĵŶğ Ŭi `? Aŋe Łû Ɓh ĵhȍh `ğ ? l Aźm i ɉĵhũ `h źû Šh ŋjû Ŧ iCŋh Ņ
ğ
ǻ
j
j
j
m ğ Ģ h i Šh l i h
i ğ ûhh h h
h Ʌŋğ Ūh ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵh ųhɉ űû Ȳ
ŵ˯ űšȫ ^ĵũ Ͳ
ĵŲj? ƽźųɔ Aźɉĵũ ͳ ǻ
j
j
h
h
l iû h h
mğ h ûi h
ûh h i ğ
h ŪûŰųi û ɉ‹ Ŵi Ɨ
`ź
Ȳ
ŵ
`
=
ĵŲ˯ ǐj ŰĻ `=
Aźð ŪůɁ ^ĵũ ʹ ǻ
j
h
m
i h ûh û h j ğ hi û lm i h h lû hûh m ğhh
b;i ĵŁh bh űû Ÿźĸi ŸǛ
Ŏ‹b Mĵȍ‹ ǻȭ= AbŋŅŎ AźŪůɁ ĵųŰŦ
h
h
h h h û û Ģ h Ɋi ǓŠ h ? m ĵŶh žû ńh bû h=bø
û ȵ
h ͵ ˈžŞj Šh ŋŅ
jŏj
ð]ĵ੠Ũj ůɁ `= ƽź
j
p
g
û
h
h i h h i hûh h h h
h û şh Ȱh źh hŦ Ͷ `ź
ĵŲh Ůśh Ʌh bh ŨĠ ơ‹
ŭj ŦįŽ ĵŲ ťŪŰĻ Ǘj AJjıŦ
l i h
h h h hi l i ih
h i
h ŋjŤŠɞh l Aźĸi hŰŪŵ‹
͸ ŴɆ
b ūj ɉĵŶŸ Aźĸj ŰŤȯ ͷ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ
j
h ih h ğ h ûih
h ųŰh Š ɿh ûů‹ Bk ŋh ķ ĵŶğ ŲAh ;h l Aźm i ɉĵhũ ͹ ŴŽj
h ʼn łɜ
Š
ǻ
CŋŅŏɉ‹ ǐj ůɁb
j
j
j j
h h
h iŠh h Š h i k h
i ŲAh ;h `i źû Šh ŋjû Ŧ ^ĵh hũ ͻ `b
Ůĸû Ȱ Ājŷjķ űļŶ
ŋɪb ƽźɊ B
j Kͺ
û
h ʼnųh ɉ‹ Ǎ aź
i i iû h ğ x û hh h h ğ û i h h h h û h
jĹŶŽj
j ųȩŋŭŲ ŋŭųɉ AŊŠɪ `j? ðűȲů `JA; `=
l
hih
û
h h h h h hûh m
Ŵğ šh śj k ȰƁ ͼ `źųi Űšû ȩ [źû ŏh Ŧ ðĵŹh ŰŸ= ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų AźŁi ŋj ňi jȋ
h
h
i h h
i
i k ih i
űû ȲŶğ ĸjh ŰŔh Ɓ űğ Ȫ ťp Š ʄjŇ Ŵjû Ųk űȲŰŁi Kû =bh űû ȲhŽjʼnûŽɁ
h mğ l i h
mğ i h hh
h h
hûh
h šƦ
ĵŶjŲ űjŪŶĻ ĵŲb ; `źĸji ŰŪŶŲi ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh ǓŠ j ? ĵȫj? Aźm ɉĵũ ͽ ǻ
j =
h
h h û ûh m
û m
h ğh ûh mğ
ĵŶh žû ŰŠ Tŋj Ŧ= ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ô ĵŶh ȩ;h ĵŁh ĵųğ ɉ ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ ĵŶŲA;h `= ƅj?
ih û h h
h
h h
h ųjŰŏû Ɋi ĵŶh ȯğ źh hĻbh ˊǚ
q û Ŕh
`źû Šŋjû Ŧ _j źû ũ ŴjŲ Ƃųh ɉ‹ ^ĵũbh Ϳ ǻ
j
hû
l i ûi
hh Š h i i hhh
h]Kh Ŋh Ɇh bh P˱
h
i
û
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj AbʼnjŏŧȎj ÿŷŲźũb ƽźɊ KŊĻɁ
Lord of all realms, 105 committed to sayinga nothing
about Allah but the truth. I have surely come to
youpl with an evident proof from your Lord, so
sendsg with me the Children of Israel.” 106 He said,
“If you have come with a sign, then present it, if you
are of the truthful.” 107 So he cast his staff and, lo
and behold, it was an evident serpent! 108 And He
pulled out his hand and, lo and behold, it was white
for the viewers! 109 The chiefs among Pharaoh’s
people said, “This is most surely a knowledgeable
sorcerer 110 who wants to evict you from your land,
so what is it that you command?” 111 They said, “Put
him off, and his brother, and send summoners to the
cities 112 to bring you every knowledgeable
sorcererb.” 113 Thus the sorcerers came to Pharaoh.
They said, “Surely there is a rewardc for us if we are
the overcomers.” 114 He said, “Yes, and you will
most surely become of those brought near (to me).”
They said, “O Moses! Either you cast, or we will
115
be the ones to cast.” 116 He said, “You cast!” So
when they cast, they affected the eyes of the people
with sorcery and intimidated them and came up
with great sorcery. 117 And We revealed to Moses:
“Throw your staff,” and, lo and behold, it swallowed
what they were faking! 118 Thus the truth came to
pass, and what they were doing went to waste. 119
So there and then they were overcome and they
returned, utterly belittled. 120 Then the sorcerers fell
prostrating. 121 They said, “We have attained faith
in the Lord of all realms, 122 the Lord of Moses and
Aaron.” 123 Pharaoh said, “How dare you believe in
Him before I have given you permission? This is
surely a scheme you schemed in the city in order to
evict its people from it, but you will come to know.
I will most surely cut off your hands and your
124
feet on opposite sides, then I will most surely
crucify you all.” 125 They said, “Indeed, it is to our
Lord that we will return. 126 You only resent us
because we have believed in the signs of our Lord
when they have come to us. Our Lord, pour out
patience upon us and take us at death as Muslims.”
And the chiefs of Pharaoh’s people said, “Will
127
you leave Moses and his people to corrupt in the
land and leave you and your gods?” He said, “We
will relentlessly killd their sons and keep their
Qa
Qb
Qc
Qd
Nafieʻ read it as: “. . . realms. It is a commitment upon me to say nothing about Allah but the truth.”
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “to bring you every knowledgeable, proficient sorcerer”.
All except Nafieʻ, Hafs, Ibn Kathir and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “‘Is there a reward for us if we are the overcomers?’”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “He said, ‘We will kill their sons . . .’”
109
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
ğ
û h ûhh û i hmhûh ikhi h h h h hh hh
i m
ĵŵ˯ űû Ÿ;h ĵŏjh ȸ Āƻ
j ļŏȸb űŸ;ĵŶȨɁ ŮjļŪŶŎ ^ĵũ ôūļŹj ɉA;b
h h
h
h Š h i h h
h
ğ l i h û
Ɋ ^ĵũ ΀ `bŋi Źj Š ɥ űû Źi Ȱźû Ŧ
jĬĭjķ AźŶž
jšļŎ‹ jŷŲj źû Ūj ů ƽź
m h
i
ğ h hû ğ l i û h
ĀjðaIj ĵĸjh Š Ŵjû Ų ;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh ĵŹh ȪjKźiŽ jĬj P˱Ɓ‹ `j? Abðm ǚ
j Ŕ‹b
û
h
i
l
û
i
h
h
h
h Ūļğ ųi Űj ɉ Ĺi ĸh ŪŠɿh ûů‹bh
Ŵü Ųj bh ĵŶh hɀj ĻįĻ `= Ůj ĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĵŶŽjh Jb= Aźm ɉĵũ ΁ ǻ
j
j
h
h
i
h h
i
h ûh
Š h Šh ^ĵhũ ô ĵŶh hȽĴû Ł
űû ȱbğ ʼni Š ūj ŰŹû Ȭi `= űû ȲɅĠ Kh ƿ
j ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ
hû
h i h h h i h
i h û h ûhh
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû Ȳ
΂ `źŰųh šû ȩ ťžû Ŭ ŋh ŞŶžh ȯ P˱
ŧj Űňļŏȹb
h
m
û
ûh h k
h h
h h h û hh
ğ
k
D
j j ķ `źû Šŋjû Ŧ ^A;h ĵŵŊŇ= ʼnŪůbh
j Š ɷh ųh Ȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų œp Ūȫbh ǻjȿŏɉĭ
ğ h
h ğ ğ
h h l i h i hû i i û h m h h h
ĀjðaŊj Šɪ ĵhȍ Aźɉĵũ ĹŶh ŏh ơ‹
űŹȩ;ĵŁ AJjıŦ ΃ `bŋi ŬŊhŽ űû Źi Űšh ů
i ğ śğ Ȭh xĹĴh kɀŎh űû Źi ĸû ŕj iĻ `˯
hĵųȫğ ? mƅh Ɂh ÿm ñ ŷi šh Ųğ ŴŲh bh ƽź
Š h ųi j ķ l AbǞ
j
j
h
h
h
h
h
h
ğ h
ih û
i Ģ h
΄ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= Ŵğ Ȳ
j Š ɧbh jĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ űû Ÿŋi j Ɍʝ
ûh
l i h
h h û hk h h û
h h ûh h
ŏȽj ů Ĺp ŽA; ŴjŲ Ājŷjķ ĵŶjh ĻįĻ ĵųh Źû Ɋh Aźɉĵũbh
ūɉ Ŵi Ɨ ĵųh ȯ ĵŹh j ķ ĵŵŋh Ņ
h i û h hû h h h Ġ i û h h h û h û h h
h ŶŲj İû ųi ķ
Ůųğ Ūů‹bh IAŋh Ơ‹
b `ĵŦźśů‹ űŹj žŰŠ ĵŶŰŎKįŦ ΅ ǻj
j
l i hh l ih û h û h
hŠ ğ h Ġ
h
h
ğ
h h ğ h
h
AźŵȢb AbǚŭļŎĭŦ ĺ
p ʄŕŧŲ ĺ
p Š ɔA;h _Ȑ‹b SjIĵŧŘɉ‹b
h ųi Š ɔh l Aźiɉĵhũ Ōi Łû ŋɉ‹
h ûĠ qûh
k i ûh h h hh ğhh
ƽź
j űŹj žŰŠ şȰb ĵųɉb Ά ǻjŲŋj ƣ ĵŲźũ
h h h
h h h h ğh hh i û
k ğh h û h h
Ōh Łû ŋɉ‹
j ĵŶȭ ĺŧŒŬ ŴjɌů ð]ʼnŶjŠ ʼnŹj Š ĵųjķ ūɅK ĵȍ SI‹
hh
h
h h h ğ h ûihh h h ğh ûih
m j hķ ū
šŲ ŴŰjŎǝůb ūɉ ǺjŲİȍ
ĵųğ ŰŦ · ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
h ii
i h i i Šh i h h Ģh h û k i i û h h û h h
`źĿŭŶhŽ űû Ÿ AJj? aź
Ťj Űɐ űŸ Ůg Ł= Ǔj? ŌŁŋɉ‹
j űŹŶȭ ĵŶŧŒŬ
h
h
û
l iğ h û iğ kh
û û h
hh h
Ŧ Έ
AźķŊŬ űŹȫɂjķ űj Ȏ‹ Ǎj űû Źi Šɰh ũŋh ţįŦ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ĵŶh ųû Ūļŵĭ
l
l i h h ğ hû hû hû h ûhh
h
h ŰŧŠɣh ĵŹh Ŷû ȭh AźiŵȢh bh ĵŶh ļŠɔ˲
Aźŵǽ ŴŽjȑ‹ _źŪů‹ ĵŶȪKb=b Ή ǻj
j
j
hû h h h h ih û h ûi
h ȯ ĵŶh ȡû ŋh Š ɐh Ʋů‹ğ ĵŹh Ʌh ŋŠʀh Ųh bh P˱
Š Ų `źŧšŘļŏȹ
j
ðĵŹžj
Ɓ‹ \ŋj ɺ
j
j
h
h kh i h h û ğhh
iû ū
Šh h ƴ
m j hķ ȇ
Š h ŏû ơ‹
ĵųh j ķ ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
j ɅK ĺųj ǿ ĺųȩb
l i h hh i iûhh i ûh û ih û h h h h hû ğhh l ih h
Aźŵǽ ĵŲb ÿŷŲźũb `źŠŋj Ŧ şŶ஠`ǽ ĵŲ ĵŵŋŲIb Abð ǚŔ
h Šh h l û h h h h û h û h Ģ h û m h h û h Š h h
h i
ˉp źû ũ ȇ
AźĻɂŦ ŋŅȊ‹ ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ȼjķ ĵŵLźɕb Ί `źőŋj šû Ȭh
h ii ûh
û ƽź
h ųi Š ɔh l Aźiɉĵhũ űû Źi ğ ɉ ˉĵŶh Ŕû h= ȇ
qĵŹŠɧh ? m ĵhȍğ Ůšh Ł‹
Ģ h h `ź
ŧŭšȬ
ô p
j
women alive (in bondage), and indeed, we are
subjugators over them.” 128 Moses said to his people,
“Beseech Allah for help and be patient; indeed, the
earth belongs to Allah: He gives it in inheritance to
whomever He wills of His servants, and the future
outcome belongs to the mindfulpl (of God).” 129 They
said, “We were hurt before you came to us and after
you came to us.” He said, “Hopefully your Lord
will destroy your enemy and make you successors
in the land, then He will look at how you act.” 130
And We afflicted Pharaoh’s folk with years (of
drought) and with shortage of products, that they may
constantly remember. 131 Yet when good came to
them, they said, “This is ours,” and whenever
something bad would afflict them, they would
ascribe the evil omen to Moses and those with him.
Undoubtedly, their omen is indeed solely with
Allah, but most of them do not know. 132 And they
said, “No matter what sign you bring us to bewitch
us with, never shall we believe in you.” 133 So We
sent upon them the flood and the locusts and the lice
and the frogs and blood—all explicit signs—but
they acted arrogantly, and they were a criminal
people. 134 And when the torment befell them, they
said, “O Moses, pray to your Lord for us according
to the covenant He made with you; if you lift the
torment from us, we will most surely believe in you,
and we will most surely send the Children of Israel
with you.” 135 But when We lifted the torment from
them for a term they were to fulfill, they promptly
broke their promise. 136 So We took retribution on
them and drowned them in the waters because they
rejected Our signs and were oblivious of them. 137
And We made those who had been deemed weak
and oppressed inherit the eastern and western
territories of the land which We had blessed. Thus
the fair word of your Lord to the Children of Israel
was fulfilled because of their endurance, and We
destroyed what Pharaoh and his people had done
and what they were building. 138 And We made the
Children of Israel pass over the sea, then they came
upon a people who were devoted to some humanshaped idols of theirs. They said, “O Moses, make
for us a god as they have gods.” He said, “You are
truly speaking ignorantly.” 139 “What these people
are concerned with is surely doomed to perdition,
and whatever they used to do is false.” 140 He said,
“Shall I seek for you a god other than Allah when
He has favored you over all communities?” 141 And
110
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
mh Ģh ğ
h h
h i ûh h i ğ h h x
j;ƅİi ʧ
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j ȼŎ
hŠ h Š h h h h h h û h û i h m h k h h h i Ġ h
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`j j ıŦ Ůj ĸh Ơ‹
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ȑ‹b Γ ǻj
j
j
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mh
Aźŵǽ ĵŲ ƅj? `bŌƒ ŮŸ űô ŹŰŠʅŠ= ĺśjĸń j CŋjŇ˖‹ j;ĵŪj ůbh
ğ h
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b Δ `źŰųh šû Ȭh
recall how Wea saved you from Pharaoh’s folk who
inflicted upon you an evil punishment, relentlessly
killingb your sons and keeping your women alive (in
bondage). And in that was a great test from your Lord.
And We appointedc for Moses thirty nights, and
142
completed them with ten. And thus the time
appointed by his Lordd was forty nights. And Moses
said to his brother Aaron: “Take my place among
my people, and be upright, and do not follow the
way of the corrupters.” 143 And when Moses came
for Our appointment and his Lordd spoke to him, he
said, “My Lord, let me see—to look upon You.” He
said, “You will not see Me, but look at the
mountain—if it (still) resides in its place, you will
see Me.” But when his Lord manifested Himself to
the mountain, He turned it into rubblee, and Moses
fell down unconscious. Then when he recovered,
he said, “Highly Exalted are You; I have indeed
repented to you, and I am the first of the believers.”
He said, “O Moses, I have indeed chosen you
144
above mankind for My messagesf and for My
Words, so take what I have given you and be one of
the thankful.” 145 And We inscribed for him in the
Tablets all kinds of admonition and a detailed
explanation of everything. “So holdsg fast to them
and command your people to adopt the best of
them. I will show you pl the (final) Home of the
defiantly disobedient pl.” 146 I will turn away from
My signs those who behave arrogantly on earth
without justification. And even if they see every
sign, they will not believe in it. And if they see the
way of prudence, they will not adopt it for a way;
while if they see the way of delusion, they will
adopt it for a way. That is because they disbelieved
in Ourg signs and were oblivious of them. 147 And
those who disbelieved in Our signs and the meeting
of the Hereafter—their deeds were nullifiedh. Will
they be repaid except for what they used to do? 148
And in his absence the people of Moses took a calf
made from their ornaments—a body which lowed.
Did they not see that it could not speak to them or
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “And recall when He saved you . . .”
Nafieʻ read it as: “. . . evil punishment, killing your sons . . .”
Qc
Abu ʻAmr, Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “And We promised Moses thirty nights . . .”
d
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qe
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . He turned it into flattened land . . .”
Qf
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu Jaʻfar and Rouh read it as: “. . . My message . . .”
g
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
h
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qa
Qb
111
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h
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guide them to any way? They took it (for worship), and
thus they became unjust. 149 Then when they felt
incapacitateda and they realized that they had gone
astray, they said, “Unless our Lord extends His
mercy to us and forgives usb, we will be of the
losers.” 150 And when Moses returned to his people,
wrathful (and) sorrowful, he said, “What a miserable
thing you have done in my absence! Were you
impatient over the command of your Lord?” And
he threw down the Tablets and he took hold of his
brother’s head, pulling him towards himself. He
said, “Son of my mother, the people deemed me
weak and were about to kill me, so do not allow the
enemies to gloat over me and do not count me
among the unjust people.” 151 He said, “My Lord,
forgive me and my brother and enter us into Your
mercy, for You are the Most Merciful of the
merciful.” 152 Indeed, those who took the calf will
be aff licted by wrath from their Lord and
humiliation in the Earlier Life. And thus do We
repay the fabricators of falsehood. 153 Yet those who
have done evil deeds and then repented and attained
faith—your Lord, thereafter, is surely OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 154 And when the
wrath abated in Moses, he took up the Tablets. And
in their transcript is guidance and mercy for those
in awe of their Lord. 155 And Moses chose from his
people seventy men for Our appointment, then
when the Tremor overtook them, he said, “My
Lord, had You willed, You could have annihilated
them before, and me too. Will You annihilate us for
what the fools among us have done? This is but
Your test—with it You lead astray whomever You
will and guide whomever You will; You are our
Ultimate Guardian, so forgive us and have mercy
on us, and You are the best of forgivers. 156 And
inscribe for us goodness in this Earlier (Life) and in
the Hereafter. We have Judaizedc to You.” He said,
“My punishment—I inflict it upon whomever I will,
but My mercy has encompassed everything, so I
will inscribe it for those who are mindful (of God)
and bringd the purifying charitye, and those who
Literally ‘their hands were disabled’, an Arabic expression that implies the realization that one has made a wrong decision
and is frustrated.
Qb
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “‘Unless You extend Your mercy to us, our Lord, and forgive us . . .’”
c
The Arabic word used is hudna which means ‘turned back’ as well as ‘became Jews’..
d
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
e
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
a
112
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
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ŪŏŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ űŸźŰĸȫ
believe in Our signs— 157 those who follow the
Messenger, the gentilea Prophet whom they find
written in the Torah and the Gospel—in their
possession—commanding them to what is fair and
forbidding them what is deplorable, and allowing
for them all good things and prohibiting for them
nasty things, and unloading their heavy loadb and
the shackles that were upon them. So those who
have attained faith in him and have respected him
and have supported him and have followed the light
that came down with him—those are the
successful.” 158 Say, “O mankind, I am indeed the
Messenger of Allah to you all—He to whom
belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth;
there is no god but He. He gives life and causes
death, so believe in Allah and Hisc Messenger, the
gentilea Prophet who believes in Allah and His
words, and follow him, that you may be guided.” 159
And of the people of Moses is a community that
guides by truth and thereby acts with justice. 160
A nd We divided them into t welve t r ibal
communities. And We revealed to Moses when his
people asked him for something to drink: “Strike
the rock with your staff,” whereupon twelve springs
gushed from it; each group of people certainly
recognized its drinking-place. And We shaded
them with clouds and We sent down upon them
manna and quails: “Eat of the good things We have
provided for you.” And they were not unjust to Us,
but to themselves they used to do injustice. 161 And
recall when it was said to them, “Settle in this town
and eat therein whatever you wish and speak
modestly and enter the gate in humility—We will
forgive you your offensesd, and will give more to
those who excel in doing good.” 162 Then the ones
who did injustice among them substituted another
word for the word said to them, so We sent down
upon them a torment from heaven on account of
how they used to do injustice. 163 And ask them
about the town by the sea when they violated the
Sabbath. When they observed the Sabbath, their
fish would come to them abundantly. But when they
violated the Sabbath, their fish would not come to
Literally ‘the unlettered’.
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . their heavy loads . . .”
c
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qd
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . We will forgive you your numerous offenses . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . your offense will be forgiven for you . . .”
Nafieʻ, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . your numerous offenses will be forgiven for you . . .”
a
Qb
113
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
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h
h
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h ȑ‹ğ ĵhŵŊû Ňh =bh j;źm ŏɉ‹
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h i û iû h
h ğ bh ĺŠɰh ŏh ơĭ
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h i i Šh û h û h Š h h h h h i i û h h Š h û
ŋi ŧŤži Ŏh `źɉźŪɆh bh ƭ
IƁ‹ AŊɪ PŋŠ `bŊŇįŽ Ķɮjŭů‹
û
h
h
h h û h û h
iû x h
i i û
űŹj žû ŰŠ ŊŇİiŽ űû ɉɁ ôiabŊŇįhŽ ÿŷi ŰĿjŲk Pŋh Š űû Źj j ĻįhŽ `˯ ĵhȍ
l i h h h ğ hû ğ ğ h h l i i h ğ h
h û i h k
AźŎKIb Ũơ‹ ƅj? jĬ‹ ȇ AźɉźŪȬ ƅ `= Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ŨŠɯžjŲ
h i h hhh h iğh h ğk x û h ih
h
ğ
`źŰjŪšû ȩ ƆŦ= `ź
ô ŪļȬ ŴŽjȓj ů ǞŇ CŋjŇ˖‹ KAi Ȑ‹bh ˍjŷžjȯ ĵŲ
h ğ h h ğ l i hhh
h û h i k hi h ğ h
ƅ ĵŵj? CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
AźɊĵũ=b Ķ
j ųȬ ŴŽjȑ‹b Ϊ
j Šɮjŭůĭjķ `źŭŏ
û
h h h h
û h û
i
h ŅjŰŕû ųi û ɉ‹ ŋh Łû h= şž
i Ř
űû Źi Ȱźû Ŧ Ůĸh Ơ‹
ĵŶh Ūļh ȫ J˯ø Ϋ ǻ
j
j ŵ
ğh l h x ğ i ğhh
h m l i i
i
űȲŠɰh žû ȩA;h ĵŲh AbŊŇ űû Źj j ķ ü şji ũAbh ÿŷi ŵɁ Aźm ŶĠ ŝbh ĹŰŝ ÿŷi ŵɂŬ
l i û
h h h û
h i h i ğ h
i
h
ūɅĠ Kh ŊŇ= J˯ ά `źŪļğ ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů jŷžjȯ ĵŲh Abŋi ŬJ‹bh p ˅źğ Ūjķ
h
h h m h ü
Ģ h h űû Ÿi ʼnh Źh őû =bh űû Źi ļh Ɇğ Kk Ji űjû ŸKźŹi ŝi ŴjŲ _h IA
; ƴj ķ ŴŲj
ȇ
j
j
h
l
l
i
i
mh h hh h û i kh i û hh û i h
ih
Š ķ Aźɉĵũ ðűȲjɅŋjķ ĺŏɉɁ űŹj jŏŧŵ=
_h źû hŽ AźɉźŪȩ `= ô ĵŵʼnû Źj ő ǔ
m h ğ lmi ih ûh
h ŰŧŠɣh AŊh Šɪh Ŵû ȭh ĵŶğ Ŭi ĵğŵ? jĹųh Šɱh Ūûů‹
ĵųȫj? AźɉźŪȩ b= έ ǻj
j
j
j
h
m
ih û i h h û û h ü k q ğ k i ğ i h i û h
hi
h û=
ĵŶŭj ŰŹļȯ= ðűjŸʼnj šȨ ŴŲj ĹɆjKJ ĵŶȡb ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ ĵŵ>ĵhķA;h ]h Ǩ
ğ h
i k hi h h h
h i û û hhh
h
űû Źi Űšh ůbh ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ Ůŕj ŧȫ ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ή `źŰśj ĸųi ɉ‹ Ůšȯ ĵųh j ķ
ğ hhh û ûh h iû h
h
hĵŶļŠɔAh ;h ŷi Šɰh žû ȩAh ;h dj
m
ûh
ȑ‹ įĸȫ űŹj žŰŠ ŮĻ‹b ί `źši Ł
j
j ŋŽ
them. Thus We tried them on account of how they
used to be defiantly disobedient. 164 And recall when
a group of them said, “Why do you admonish a
people whom Allah will annihilate or punish with
a severe punishment?” They said, “As an excuse to
your Lord, and so that they may become mindful
(of God).” 165 Then when they forgota what they were
reminded of, We saved those who forbidb evil, and
We seized those who did injustice with a terrible
punishment on account of how they used to be
defiantly disobedient. 166 Then when they rebelled
against what they had been forbidden to do, We said
to them, “Be despicable apes.” 167 And recall when
your Lord announced that He would most surely
send against them someone who would inf lict
terrible punishment upon them until the Day of
Resurrection. Your Lord is most surely swift in
punishment, and He is most surely Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 168 And We scattered them into
communities on earth—some of them righteous
and some of them short of that—and We tested
them with good and evilc, that they may return. 169
Thus they were succeeded by generations who
inherited the Scripture while seizing the materials
of this lower (world), and saying, “We will be
forgiven.” And should similar materials come their
way, they would again seize them. Was not the
pledge of the Scripture taken by them, to say
nothing about Allah but the truth? Did they not
study its contents? But the Home of the Hereafter
is better for the mindfulpl (of God). Will youd not
reason? 170 And those who adhere strictlye to the
Scripture and have establishedf the prayer—indeed,
We do not waste the reward of the reformers. 171
And recall when We suspended the mountain over
them as if it was a dark cloud, and they thought it
would fall on them: “Holdpl fast to what We have
given you and remember what it contains, that you
may remain mindful (of God).” 172 And recall when
Your Lord summoned the offspringg of the children
of Adam from their loins and made them testify
about themselves, “Am I not your Lord?” They said,
Neglected.
b
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
c
Good and evil are mentioned in plural form.
Qd
All except Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer, Hafs, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “Will they not reason?”
Qe
Shuʻba read it as: “And those who adhere to the Scripture . . .”
f
A grammatical shift from present tense to past tense.
Qg
Nafieʻ, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “offspring(s)”.
a
114
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h
ğ i h hûhh hû h h h h
h bĵŤh ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų `h Ǿh hŦ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
źû ɉbh ΰ ŴɆ
ŷšĸȩɂŦ ĵŹŶjŲ ņŰŏȸĭŦ
j
h
h
û
h
h ğ
h h Ňû = ÿm ŷi Ŷjğ ŭŠɧh bh ĵŹh ķ ŷi Šɰh šû ȯh ŋh h ɉ ĵŶh Ȼjû ő
j Ɓ‹ Ǔj? Ȓ
ŷô i Š Ɗźh Ÿ şh ĸh ȩ‹bh P˱
j
ûhû hh h iihh h
ûi h û h û h û h û h h û û h
iŷŬû Ǜ
ȩ b= ĽŹŰŽ jŷžŰŠ Ůųj ƕ `j? Ķ
j Ȁů‹ Ůj ĿųŬ ÿŷŰĿųȯ
ğ
l
h
û h
ğ h
hû ih h ğ
h
hûh
œj ŕi ũĭŦ ô ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ AźiķŊŬ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ _j źû Ūů‹ ŮĿŲh ūj ɉŠ ə Ľ
ˏ ŹŰŽ
h i ğ hhh û iğhh h h hû
h ȑ‹ğ _i źû Ūh ûů‹ Ɔe Ŀh Ųh ;h m ĵŎh α `b
ŋŭŧļȬ űŹŰšů œŕŪů‹
ŴŽj
l
h i û h i h û i h i hh h Šh l i ğ h
i ğ ʼnj Źû Ȭh ŴŲh β `ź
Ĭ‹
ųj ŰŞȬ Aźŵǽ űŹŏŧŵ=b ĵŶjļɔ˲ AźķŊŬ
û
h
h i Šh i i h Ģhlih û û i h h
hû û
γ `bǪ
j ɴů‹ űŸ ūjɌʤbįŦ Ůj ŰŘŽ ŴŲb ˌdʼnj ļŹųi ɉ‹ źh Źi ȯ
û h k û h k q h h ğ h h hûh h û hh h
x ii û ih
BźŰũ űŹɉ ōȸ
ˌ j ƃj ‹b Ŵj Ơ‹
j ŴjŲ ˊǞjĿŬ űŶŹƠj ĵŵɁKJ ʼnŪůb
h
h
x h û i h h h i ûi ğ x i û h û ih h h h i h û h ğ
`AJA; űŹɉb ĵŹjķ `bDz
j ĸȬ ƅ ǻȭ= űŹɉb ĵŹjķ `źŹŪŧȬ ƅ
h
i
ğ
h
û
Ġ
h
h i
hûh û h h h i m h
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ô Ůŗ= űû Ÿ Ůhķ űj Š ɿŵƁĭŬ ūjɌʤĢ bl = ô ĵŹh j ķ `źši ųh ŏû h ȹ ƅ
h i hû i
û h Š h û iû i m h û h û ğ h
ðĵŹh j ķ iaźŠi IĭŦ ƴ
ŏơ‹ ;ĵųŎƁ‹ jĬj b δ `źŰŧj Š ʀů‹ űi Ÿ
h
l i h h h ûh û i h
h i ûi h ğ l ih h
m j `b
Ģ h Ŏû = Ǎ
Aźŵǽ ĵŲ `bŌłžŎ ĀjôŷjɌ˂
ʼnŅ
j ŰŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ AbKJb
i
h i ûh x ğ mhûh h û ğ h
h i
h û ķ `b
ĀjŷjɅbh Ũj k ơĭ
ʼnŹȬ ĹŲ= ĵŶŪŰŇ ŴųjɊb ε `źŰųh šû Ȭh
j
h
h i
h l ğ h h ğ h
ȑ‹b ζ `źɉjʼnšû Ȭh
Ŵjû Ųk űŹi Łi jKʼnû ļh ŏû ȿŎh ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ AźiķŊŬ ŴŽj
h h
h ihûh h i ûh
f j ļŲh djʼnžû Ŭh `ğ ? űû Źi h ɉ ǔɊû i=bh η `ź
űû ɉbh = θ ǻ
ųŰšȬ ƅ Ľžń
j ô j
h h l i ğ hhh
f ĸŲĠ ŋŽj
x Ŋhŵ ƅğ ? źh Ÿi `û ? ˏĹŶğ Ł ŴjŲk űŹĸń
ǻ
j
j g j
j
j j j ĵŕjķ ĵŲ Abñ ŋŭŧļȬ
hû
h h
i hh l i h h
h h ğ Dźŭ
j Ɓ‹bh D
Ũh ŰŇ ĵŲh bh P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j ŰɊ Ǎj Abŋi ŞŶhŽ űû ɉbh = ι
i h h h hhû h h i h h Ģ h h û hh û h
iğ
Ȱ‹ ʼnj ũ `źȲŽ `= ƿŠ `=b p;ƾ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
ðűû Źi ŰŁ= BǛ
hh iğ
h
û
û
h k h h
ƆŦ Ĭ‹
Ůjj ŰŘiŽ ŴŲh κ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ÿiaʼnh šû Ȩh ĽŽj
ģ ʼnń dj įj ĸŦ
h
û
h
h
h h i
i h
ūŵźŰnZh ŏû h ȹ λ `źŹi ųh šû Ȭh űû Źj j ŶŠɱh ŤŚi Ǎj űû ŸKi ŊɆh bh ÿô Ȕi djh IĵŸ
h k h
û
ğ ûi
h h h ğ
h
ƅ ˌȗj Kh ʼnŶj
Š ĵŹh ųi ŰjŠ ĵųh ȫj? Ůũ ðĵŹh Š ƋŎh ŋû Ɋi `ĵğŽɁ jĹŠĵŏɉ‹
Ŵj Š
hû
h
û h ih hi ğ mh ûh h khi
h h ğ Ǎĺ
ƅ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˏ j Ɓ‹bh D
j ŰŪȪ ôźŸ ƅj? ĵŹjļũźj ɉ ĵŹžj Űƒ
h ğ h h h h i nh û h ñ q h û h ğ û i û h
hń ū
hĵųȫğ ? Ůû iũ ðĵŹh Ŷû ȭh Ǐ
Ğ
ŵɂŬ ūŵźŰZŏȹ ĹļŤȨ ƅj? űȲžjȩįĻ
j
j
h
û
h
h
û h ğ Šh h ğ h
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
μ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ Mĵ
= ŴȲ
j ɧb jĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ ĵŹh ųi ŰjŠ
“Yes, we do testify.” Thus youa cannot say on the
Day of Resurrection, “We were oblivious of this.”
Nor can youb say, “Our forefathers practiced
173
polytheism before, and we were their offspring who
came after them. Will you annihilate us for what
the advocates of falsehood did?” 174 And thus We
detail the signsc, and that they may return. 175 And
relate to them the story of the one to whom We
brought Our signs, but he detached himself from
them, so Satan went after him and he became of the
deluded. 176 And had We willed, We could have
elevated him through them, but he clung to the
ground and followed his whim. Thus his example
is like that of a dog: if you chase it, it pants; and if
you leave it alone, it pants. Such is the likeness of
the people who disbelieved in Our signs. So narrate
the narratives, that they may reflect. 177 Evil is the
parable of the people who disbelieved in Our signs
and to themselves they used to do injustice. 178
Whomever Allah guides is the guided one, and
whomever He misguides—thosed are the losers. 179
We have destined for Hell multitudes of unseen
beingse and humans; they have hearts with which
they do not comprehend, and have eyes with which
they do not see, and have ears with which they do
not hear. Those are like cattle; in fact, they are
further astray. Those are the oblivious. 180 And to
Allah belong the most beautiful names, so use them
to call upon Him, and leave aside those who
blaspheme His names. They will be repaid for what
they used to do. 181 And of those We created is a
community that guides by truth and does justice
thereby. 182 But those who disbelieved in Our
signs—We will draw them forth gradually (to
punishment) from where they do not know. 183 And If
will give them respite. Indeed, My plot is firm. 184
Have they not reflected? There is no madness in
their fellow; he is but an evident warner. 185 Have
they not looked into the dominion of the heavens
and the earth and all the things that Allah created
and that perhaps their time may have drawn near?
In what discourse beyond this will they believe? 186
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “Thus they cannot say . . .”
Qb
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “Nor can they say . . .”
c
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
d
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
e
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
f
A grammatical shift from plural to singular.
Qa
115
PART 9. THE ELEVATIONS
Surah 7- Al-A‘râf
h iğ hm h h ğ ĝ h hh qûh
û i h mğ i
źû ɉbh ôĬ‹
;ĵő ĵŲ ƅj? Aǰ ƅb ĵšŧȫ ƿj ŧh jȍ ūj ŰɊû = ƅ Ůũ
û h û h h ûhû ih û h i i
i ǜ
û Ƣ‹
h û Ŵjh Ų D
ûhŭ
h j ŏğ Ɋh ĵŲh bh Ǟ
ƴ
ļŎ˔ ĶžŤů‹ űŰŠ= ĺŶŬ
j
k
h
h
û
i
Ġ
x Ŋhŵ ƅğ ? ú ĵhŵɁh `û ? ;i źm ŏɉ‹
źh Ÿø ν `źŶji ŲİiŽ ˉp źû Ūj ů xǞ jŒhȵbh ŋŽj
j
j ô
ğ
h
ûğ
i hh h
ĵŹh Łh bû Lh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų Ůšh Łh bh p Cʼnjh ńŠɩh ōp ŧȫ ŴjŲk űȲŪŰŇ djȑ‹
û h q h e ûh û h hh hŠ ğ h h ğ hh hûh h i û h
Dŋğ ųh ȯ ĵŧžjŧŇ ƆƧ ĺ
ŰƧ ĵŹƋŒŤȩ ĵųŰŦ ðĵŹȎj? ŴȲŏɀj ů
h
h
h
h ğ Aźh Šh Iğ ĺhŰŪh Ȫû Ɂh m ĵųğ hŰhŦ Ājŷķ
ĵŅjq ۊɞ ĵŶh ļh ûɀĻA;h Ŵû j Ɍů ĵųh Źi Ʌğ Kh Ĭ‹
ðj
h h h q Š h h iŠ h h m ğ h h
i
ğ h ğ h hğ
h ŋjŭɺů‹
Š
ŴjŲ Ŵȫźŭȍ
ƆšŁ ĵŅj Űɞ ĵųŹƋĻA; ĵųŰŦ ξ ŴɆ
j
i
m
ûi ğ h iğ h h h h h iŠ h h h hmhh i ih
h
ο `źȡǬ
j ȹ ĵųȭ Ĭ‹ ǔŠɿļȯ ô ĵųŹƋĻA; ĵųžjȯ ;ȢǨ ÿȔ
hh
h ihûi û i h qû h iiûh h h h i ûih
ƅb π `źŪŰƞ űŸb ĵnZžő ŨŰƞ ƅ ĵŲ `źȡǬ
j ȹɁ
h
h
m
h
h i i h û i h i
h i h ûh
q û hŵ űû Źi ɉ `ź
Ž űŹŏŧŵ= ƅbh ˊDz
šžśj ļŏȹ
`˯ ρ `bDzŶ
h Š h iû h û i i û h
i ğ
i hh m
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ;f Aźh Ŏh űô û ȡźši j ĸȽhŽ ƅ c
ʼnŹɉ‹ Ǔj? űŸźŠʼnĻ
h
h
h i h ûh û i iiûh hh
h h ğ ğ
ŴjŲ `źŠi ʼnû Ļ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `j? ς `źļi ųj Š ɞ űû ļŵ
= _= űŸźųȩźŠI=
h
i h l i h û hûh û i i û h û i i hû f h ğ
i
űû Ȳů Aźĸž
ł
j I
j ļŏɀŰŦ űŸźŠIĭŦ ðűȲůĵĿŲ= IĵĸjŠ jĬ‹ `b
h h hm h i
x h hh
i Ŭi `?
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
ʼnp ûŽɁ űû Źi ɉ _û = ð ĵŹh j ķ `źŒųû Ȭh ŮŁi Kû = űû Źi ɉɁ σ ǻj
j
x h h û ih ûh m h h i ûi x i û h û ih ûh m h h i ûh
`AJA; űŹɉ _= ð ĵŹjķ `bDz
j ĸȬ ǻȭ= űŹɉ _= ð ĵŹjķ `źŒśj ĸȬ
hh
i h h ih ûh
i
ğ i û i hmhh i l i û
ƆŦ `b
j ʼnžjŬ űȪ űȱ;ȢǨ AźŠI‹ Ůj ũ ñĵŹjķ `źšųŏȹ
ğ
ğ
i h Šh û h ğh ğ iğ
i j iĻ
Ƞźh ļh Ȭh źh Ÿbh ðĶ
ɮjŭů‹ ^Ōŵ djȑ‹ Ĭ‹ ˶bh `j? τ `b
j ŋŞŶ
h i h ûh h
h
ğ
h h ğ h
i
h Ņjۊɻů‹
`źšž
śj ļŏȹ ƅ ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲ `źŠi ʼnû Ļ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b υ ǻ
j
h i
h i i h û i h i h mhh û ih û h
h
Ž űŹŏŧŵ= ƅb űȡDzŵ
Ǔj? űû ŸźŠi ʼnû Ļ `˯ φ `bDzŶ
h û i h h ûh h i i h û iŠ h h h l i h û h h Š h iû
ƅ űŸb ūȎj? `bŋŞŶŽ űŹƊŋĻb Aźð šųŏȹ ƅ cʼnŹɉ‹
û û û i
û
h i ûi
h û û h
Ŵj Š Pŋj Š=bh [j ŋû ši ůĭjķ ŋû Ɋi =bh źh ŧšh ů‹ Ŋj Ň χ `bDz
j ĸȬ
x
û û h ûh Šhû ğ h h ğh h h ğ
h û
h ŰŹŠɲ
Ŋjšļh Ŏĭ
Ŧ TŌŵ Ŵj ɽžŒɉ‹ ŴjŲ ūŶȮǣŽ ĵŲ˯ ψ ǻj
j ů‹
h l hğ h ğ ğ
f ųj Ŏh ÿŷi ğŵ? jĬğ ĭķ
f ŰŠh şž
űû Źi ŏğ Ɋh AJj? Aźû Ūȩ‹ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `j? ω űžj
j ô j
l
ğ
h
h
h
ğ
h i ûĠ i
h
k x Ģ h
ϊ `bDz
j ĸŲ űŸ AJjıŦ Abŋi ŬŊĻ Ŵj Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ Ŵh Ųj ťjɌʝ
Whomever Allah leads astray has no guide, and He
leavesa themb to wander aimlessly while exceeding
all limits. 187 They ask you about the Hour, “When
will it take place?” Say, “Knowledge of it rests with
my Lord; none can reveal its coming except He.
Heavy has its weight become throughout the
heavens and the earth. It comes not upon you except
suddenly.” They ask you as if you are responsible
for it. Say, “Surely, knowledge of it but rests with
Allah,” though most of mankind do not know. 188
Say, “I have no power to benefit or harm (even)
myself, except as Allah wills. And had I known the
hidden realm, I would have acquired much good,
and no harm would have touched me. I am only a
warner and a herald of glad tidings to people who
believe.” 189 It is He Who created you from a single
self and made from it its spouse, that he may find
rest with her; then when he coveredc her, she carried
a light (load of) pregnancy, then she passed by with
it. But when she grew heavy, theydl called upon
Allah, their Lord, “If You give us a righteous one,
we will most surely be of the thankful.” 190 But
when He gave them a righteous one, they set
associates with Him in what He has given them.
Rather, Most High is Allah above what they
associate. 191 Do they associate (with God) what
creates nothing and are themselvesb created? 192
And can neither support them nor support
themselves? 193 And if yousg call them to guidance,
they do not follow you. It is the same for you
whether you call them or remain silent. 194 Indeed,
those you call upon apart from Allah are servants
like you, so call upon them and let them respond to
you if you are truthful. 195 Do they have feet with
which they walk, or do they have hands with which
they strike, or do they have eyes with which they
see, or do they have ears with which they hear? Say,
“Callpl upon your associates, then plot against me
and give me no respite. 196 Indeed, my Ultimate
Guardian is Allah, Who bestowed the Scripture
from on high, and He guards the righteous, 197 while
those you call upon apart from Him cannot support
you nor can they support themselves.” 198 And if you
call them to guidance,
they do not hear. And you
see them looking at you, yet they do not see. 199 Take
Qa
b
c
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and We leave them . . .”
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
A grammatical shift from present tense to past tense.
116
PART 9. THE SPOILS
Surah 8- Al-Anfâl
h h
h i ûi h ği khû
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űû ɉ AJ˯ ϋ `bDz
j ŪȬ ƅ ű Ȫ nj
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û
h h i h i ğh m h ğ ûi h hûhh û hûh l i h h
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Ǔğ j ? Ƹź
m
h h k
hk x hû h h
qi
i
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j ĹŔ˖‹
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Aźļŕŵ
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h û i h h i h h i ğ ğ k h i hi û h h h h û i h h û h i û i i û h ğ ûh h h
Ġ h hĻ ū
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h h
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h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? ώ ǻj
ƅ ūjɅk Kh ʼnŶj
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h hi k h ii h i h h û h h i û h û h
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^ĵŧŵƁA
CKź
i Ŏû h ́h h l i û h h h ğ
i Śh=bh űû Ȳj
h ğ l Aźj šžj
i h Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
`j? ÿm Ȕź
Ŷğ ɀķ DAJ AźŅj ŰŔ=b Ĭ‹
ð
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
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ń
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j
ğ
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h
h i ûi hğƈ h û Ġ i i
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iĬ‹
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ŋjŬJ AJj? ŴŽjȑ‹ `źŶjŲİųɉ‹ ĵųȫj? ̂ ǻj ŶŲj İŲ űļŶŬ
l q Š i h ğ h û i û h i h ğ h i i Š ğ h h i û h û h h û h û i h i h h h û û i h i i ih h û i h h û h
ĵAźŶʅŽ
ŹȩIAŎŋɉ‹
L ÿbŷļjĬ
ɔAj ;^ĵűŧŵ
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ĺŰŰnZŁ
Ūȩĭj ?Ŧűˌj^ź
Ɓ‹ űŴj ŹŠɅźŰū
jŏbȹ
j ũ žjˌj^ĵ
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h
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h l i i i h û i û h h h i ğh h h l h i û û k h h Š h h ğ h
h ğ `ź
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i h Ch źŠ Ŏi hŰKŕɉ‹
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ųž
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İųj Ɍʤɉ‹ bĵ=ųȫ̄
j ? ̂`źǻj
m q h hh û i û h x h h i i h x h û û h û x h h û û h h h i û h k h û h i i i i f û Š h h h
ĵŶųŠ ʅŽ
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q h ih ğ i h k h ğ h û h h ü i ğ h h h Ġ û h k h h h Š h h h û h
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Ļ ĵŶjŲŲİʼnųšɉ‹Ȩ űŨj Ÿơ‹ūǍj Ɍj ʤū
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hf Š i h h hi
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ĵh Źh j ļȫûɀɁhķ ǻ
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h
h
û
i h i h Š h i i i h h h i û Š ğh h
ğ h ğ h Ũjğh Ƙ
i û ğ h k ʼnɆ
h űû h Ȳ
ğih
hi û ŋɆi Ǎ
Ũ
`źŽ Ȳ
ʃů
ĵųh ơ‹
ȫɂŬ ǻhȼĻ ĵ`Ųh = ʼnh Ĭ‹
šȨ Ũj ơ‹
ŵźɉjůʼnɲ
̆Ļ `źjĹŬŸŋjźŒɉ‹
j bj ū
û h h i i
h i
i
i i h û
i ğ űi ȱ
ʼnjšŽ J˯ ̇ `bŋi ŞŶhŽ űû Ÿbh D
Ĭ‹
j źû ųh ɉ‹ Ǔj? `źũĵŏh ȹ
h hû h ğ h h Ġhhh û i h hğh ûhh m ğ
h û
DA
Ȯ `= `bIźĻb űȲů ĵŹȫɁ ǻ
j J Ǟ
j ļŧjɋĵśů‹ cʼnńj?
h iğ i ih û i h i i h h û ğ
ğŨơ‹
h û Ũjğ Ƙi `= Ĭ‹
ʼnɆjŋɆb űȲů `źȲĻ jĹŬźŒɉ‹
the course of pardoning, and command to
benevolence, and disregard ignorant harassers. 200
And if yousg are ever spurred by a spurring from
Satan, then seek refuge with Allah; indeed, He is
All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 201 Indeed, those who
are mindful (of God) —when an impulse from Satan
touches them, they remind themselves and
immediately see (the truth). 202 But their brethren lead
them relentlessly into delusion, and they never stop
short. 203 If you do not bring them a sign, they say,
“Why don’t you improvise one.” Say, “I only follow
what is revealed to me from my Lord.” This (Scripture)
is insights from your Lord, and guidance and mercy
for people who believe. 204 Thus when the Recitala
is recited, then listenpl to it and pay attention, that
you may receive mercy. 205 And remember yoursg
Lord within yourself in supplication and in fear, and
without being loud of voice, in the mornings and
before sunset; and do not be of the oblivious. 206
Indeed, those who are in the presence of your Lord
are not too arrogant to worship Him, and they exalt
Him, and to Him they prostrate themselves.
8. The Spoils
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
They ask yousg about the spoils (of war). Say, “The
spoils are for Allah and the Messenger, so be pl
mindful of Allah and reconcile between yourselves
and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you are
believers.” 2 Surely, the believers are but those
whose hearts tremble when Allah is mentioned, and
when His signsb are read to them they increase them
in faith, and in their Lord they place their trust— 3
the ones who establish the prayer and from what
We have provided them they spend. 4 Those are
truly the believers; for them are degrees (of rank) with
their Lord and forgiveness and noble provision. 5
Just as when yoursg Lord brought you out of your
house with the truthc, while a group of believers
were definitely reluctant, 6 arguing with you about
the truth after it became evident, as if they were
1
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’
in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
c
According to Ibn ʻAshour and other exegetes, ‘with the truth’ means ‘for a purpose’.
a
b
117
PART 9. THE SPOILS
Surah 8- Al-Anfâl
h û h h h h ûhh
h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
h û Ũğ Ņ
Ũğ ơ‹
ů‹ ŋjķAI şśŪɆb ĀjŷjļŠʅjh ŰȲjķ
j iȎj ̈ ŴɆ
j
h û
h
h i
û ųi û ɉ‹ haŋŬh źû h ɉbh Ůh śŠɭh ûů‹ Ůh śĸû Ɇi bh
`źĿžjŤļh ŏû ȶ Jj? ̉ `źɊi jŋł
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ɅK
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h Ģh hû
h ȯjIŋû Ɋi jĹŭ
i ğ ŷi hŰšh Łh ĵŲh bh ̊ ǻj
h û i ȵ ƅ? Ĭ‹
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c
j
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`j? jôĬ‹ ʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų ƅj? Dz
q h h hĠ i i k hi û
hğ
f ŭńh ŌɆ
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ŷi Ŷjû Ųk ĹŶh Ųh = Mĵ
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j ŤȬ Jj? ̋ űžj
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h ĸk hȾɆi bh űû Ȳ
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j ɅźŰũ ȇ řjɅǞj ůb Ŵj ŠɽžŒɉ‹ ŌŁjK űȲŶŠ
ûh û
i h h k h h Ģh hû h h Ġ h j i û
h
h
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šŲ ƭj Ɂ jĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹ Ǔj? ūɅK ƸźŽ Jj? ̌ _AʼnũƁ‹ jŷjķ
ûi h l ih h h ğ l ikhh
l i hh h ğ
ii
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Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ Bź
j j ɂŎ Aźô ŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ AźļjȼĿȯ
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l
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h Ȩh ȁ
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j ŶȭƁ‹ \źŦ AźɅǰĭ
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j b \ĵ
j Ŧ ĶŠŋɉ‹
h
l
Ġ h û i ğ h h Šh
h ğ AźũĮ
h ğ Ũj ũĵŒh i ȹ ŴŲh bh ÿô Ȕź
i Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
ő űŹȫɂjķ ūj ɉə ̍
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j Ūšj ů‹ ʼnŽjʼnő Ĭ‹ `jıŦ ÿȔźŎKb
h h
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ğ BA
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h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
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AJj? Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
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pj
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Ǟ
j
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p
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Jj? ĺžŲK ĵŲb űô ŹŰļȰ Ĭ‹ ŴȲ
j ɧb űŸźŰļŪȩ űŰŦ ̑
me h h i û h û i û
h h ûhh
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i j bh Ǖ
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žŲK
;Ɔķ ŷŶjŲ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ǔ
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h
h
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h ğ `? ô ĵŶe ŏh ńh
h ğ ‹ `=bh űû Ȳj
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ůə ̒ űžj
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h ŋjŧŠʃûů‹ ʼnj žû Ŭh
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ƴ
û hi h ûh h qû h û i ih û i h
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ şh Ųh Ĭ
h ğ ‹ `ğ h=bh D
ǻj
ǜŬ źɉb ĵnZžő űȲļĴj Ŧ űȲŶŠ
lû ğ hh h h ih i h h hğ l i h lm i h h h ğ h Ġh h
Ģ ̔
AźůźĻ ƅb ÿȔźŎKb Ĭ‹ AźšžjŚ= AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
h
l i h h ğ h l i i h hh
h i h iûh
h
Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑĭŬ AźŵźȲĻ ƅb ̕ `źši ųh ŏû ȶ űû ļŵ
=b ŷŶȭ
being driven to death while they looked on. 7 And
recall: Allah promising you pl one of the two
factions—that it would be yours, and you wishing
that the unarmed group be yours. Yet Allah wants
to uphold the truth with His words and to uproot the
deniers 8 in order to uphold the truth and nullify
falsehood, even if the criminals dislike it. 9 Recall:
you pl crying for help from your Lord, so He
responded to you, “I am surely reinforcing you with
one thousand angels in successiona.” 10 And Allah
only made it as a glad tiding, and so that your hearts
should become serene thereby, for supportb is only
from Allah; indeed, Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.
Recall: (Allah) covering you pl tightly with
11
drowsinessc, as security from Him, and bestowing
upond you water from the sky to purify you with it
and to remove from you Satan’s distress and to
fortify your hearts and to strengthen your foothold.
Recall: your sg Lord revealing to the angels,
12
“Surely, I am with youpl, so support those who have
attained faith. I will cast terror into the hearts of
those who have denied, so strike above the necks
and strike off every fingertip of theirs.” 13 That is
because they opposed Allah and His Messenger,
and whoever opposes Allah and His Messenger—
then indeed Allah is stern in retribution. 14 “There
it is, so tastepl it.” And (know) that for the deniers is
the punishment of the Fire. 15 O you who have
attained faith, when you encounter those who have
denied on the march, never turn your backs to them.
For whoever turns his back to them on that day,
16
except while maneuvering for combat or to side
with another battalion, then he has surely incurred
wrath from Allah, and his shelter is Hell—and
what a miserable destiny! 17 For it was not youpl who
killed them, but it was Allah who killed them. And
yousg threw not when you threw, but it was Allah
who threw, and so that He might test the believers
with a goodly test (of victory) from Him; indeed,
Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 18 Such is the
case. And surely, Allah will weaken the plot of the
deniers. 19 “If youpl desire a conquest, then the
conquest has come to youe; and if you desist, it
Nafieʻ, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . one thousand angels succeeding one another.”
The Arabic word used for support is nasr which also means ‘victory’.
Qc
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “Recall: drowsiness covering you, and Him bestowing upon . . .”
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Recall: (Allah) covering youpl with drowsiness . . .”
Qd
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and sending down to you water from the sky . . .”
e
This is said in sarcasm to the deniers, as they were defeated in the battle of Badr.
Qa
b
118
PART 9. THE SPOILS
Surah 8- Al-Anfâl
h ih ûh h û ih hû h
ğ h
k m Abh Ȑ‹
ğ Ǩ
ğ h `ğ ?ø ̖ `ź
Šj B
šųŏȹ ƅ űŸb ĵŶšųj Ŏ
jĬ‹ ʼnŶ
j
j
h
h
i
h
û iû Ġ Ġ
i ğ űjh ŰŠh źû ɉbh ̗ `ź
h ȑ‹ğ űi Ȳ
űû Źj žjȯ Ĭ‹
ŰjŪšû Ȭh ƅ ŴŽj
Ȋ‹ űŕɉ‹
h i û Ġ i ğ l ğhhh û i h h û h ûh h û i h h ûh ğ qû h
̘ `źŗŋj šŲ űŸb Aźůźȋ űŹšųŎ= źɉb ðűŹšųŎƁ ˊǞŇ
h h
h h
i
û l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
i ğ h ğ l i ļh Ŏ‹
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ
űû ȱȕh I AJj? ^ź
j ŎŋŰj ɉb jĬj Aźĸžł
j
û h ûh i ih hğ ğ h lm i h û h û i ûi h
ûh
ĀjŷjĸŰũbh j;ŋû ųh ɉ‹ ǻ
Ȩ ^źƘ Ĭ‹ `= AźųŰŠ‹b ðűȲžjžƘ ĵųj ɉ
ğ
ğ
h i h ûi ûh m iğhh
ğ h ŕiĻ ƅ Ĺq Ŷh ļjû Ŧ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ̙ `b
h ȑ‹ Ƿž
Ǭƕ jŷȎj? ÿŷŵɁb
ŴŽj
j
h
l ih h
h û i h hğ ğ lm i h û h q ğ m h û i
Bĵ
j Ūjšů‹ ʼnŽjʼnő Ĭ‹ `= AźųŰŠ‹b ð ĹŔĵŇ űȲŶjŲ AźųŰŝ
hû
x h i h û lm i i û h
h i û
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj `źŧšh Řļh ŏû ŲĠ Ůžj Űũ űû ļŵ
P˱
= Jj? AbŋŬJ‹b ̚
h
h
i h ğ h û i Š h nh
i h ğ h hh h h i hh
i
ğ
i
űȱʼnŽɁb űȲƊbĵZŦ Mĵȍ‹ űȲŧśňļȬ `= `źŦĵƛ
h i ûh i ğ h Šh k ğ h k i hh h h
û h
̛ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ů ĺ
j ɭjžśů‹ ŴjŲ űȲũLKb Āj aDz
j Ŷjķ
lmi ih h h i ğ h hğ l i ih h l i h h h ğ h Ġh h
Ģ
Aźŵźƛb ^źŎŋɉ‹b Ĭ‹ Aźŵźƛ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
h h h i hh û i ŠhŠhh
i i h m ğh l h û
űû ȲůŠʆh Ųû = ĵųh ȫɁ Aźm ųi ŰŠ‹bh ̜ `źųi Űšû ȩ űû ļŵ
=b űȲjļɰɨ=
h
h
h
x
ğ
h
i i Šh û h h
h Š Ĭ‹
h ğ `=bh ĹŶh ļjû Ŧ űû ȱ
x Şj Šh ŋf Łû = ÿm iaʼnŶj
Ģ ̝ űž
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ʼnɧb=b
l
k h
q h i i ğ ûh hğ l iğh
h ȑ‹ğ
AźŪļȩ `j? Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ŋû ŧj ȲɆi bh ĵȫĵũŋû Ŧ űû Ȳů Ůšh ƒ Ĭ‹
û hû i iğ h û i h û ûhh û i hk h û i h
Ůj Řŧů‹ bJ Ĭ‹
b ñűȲů ŋŧj ŤɆb űȲj ĻĵnZj žŎ űȲŶŠ
hû h i û l h h
h ii ûh û
hû
h ȑ‹ğ ū
b= ]źļjĸȾȎi j Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
j Şj šů‹
j ķ ŋŭųȬ J˯ ̞ űž
i ûhh h i i ûhh h i ûi ûh h iiûh
i û Ňh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ðĬ‹
i ğ ŋi ŭ
Ǟ
ųɆb `bŋŭųɆb ô]źŁŋj ƞ b= ]źŰļŪȬ
l
h
h h hûi h
h i h
h
h ŋjŭŠʅh ûů‹
Š ļȩ AJ˯ ̟ ŴɆ
źû ɉ ĵŶh šû ųj Ŏh ʼnû ũ Aźɉĵũ ĵŶh ļi Š ɔA;h űû Źj žû ŰŠ ǔ
h û i h h m ğ m h h û m h h h û h û i hj m h h
h
ğ
Š = ƅj? AŊŠɪ `j? AŊŠɪ ŮĿjŲ ĵŶŰŪů ;i ĵŒȸ
̠ ǻj ůbƁ‹ Ǟśj ɜ
hh h
ğ l i h û
h û źh Ÿi AŊh Šɪh `h ǽh `j? űğ Źi Űɉ‹
Aźɉĵũ J˯
ŋû śj Ųû įŦ ]j
ʼnŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų Ũğ ơ‹
h
h
hh
m h ğ h k qh h
h h h û
ĵŲh bh ̡ ˈp Ȏj = BA
ŴjŲ CKĵłjń ĵŶh žû ŰŠ
g Ŋšjķ ĵŶjȽij‹ jb= ;j ĵųŏɉ‹
k
h h=bh űû Źi Ȩjh Ŋk šh iȎj Ĭ
i ğ `h ǽh ĵŲh bh űû Źžjȯ ĺŵ
i ğ ‹ `h ǽh
űû Źi Ȩjh Ŋšh Ųi Ĭ‹
ô j
û
h
i iğ i i h k h i ğh û ih h h
i
űû Ÿbh Ĭ‹
űŹȨjŊšȬ ƅɁ űŹɉ ĵŲb ̢ `bŋi ŧj Ťļh ŏû h ȹ űû Ÿbh
m h l i h
û
h h Ġ i h
û hû
h û ʼnj ł
`j? ÿm ô ia;h ĵȎh j bû = Aźm ŵǽ ĵŲh bh _Aj ŋh ơ‹
j ŏųɉ‹ Ŵj Š `bʼnŕŽ
h i h h û h ğ Šh h h i ğ i û ğ m i i m h û h
h h
̣ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= ŴȲ
j ɧb `źŪļųɉ‹ ƅj? ÿa>ĵȎj b=
would be better for you. But if you return, We will
return; and your battalion, however numerous, will
not avail you in anything. And (know) thata Allah is
with the believers.” 20 O you who have attained
faith, obey Allah and His Messenger and do not
turn away from him while you hear. 21 And be not
like those who said, “We have heard,” but they hear
not. 22 Indeed, the worst of the treading creatures to
Allah are the deaf and dumb—those who do not
reason. 23 And had Allah known any good in them,
He would have made them hear. And had He made
them hear, they would have turned away in
disregard. 24 O you who have attained faith, respond
to Allah and to the Messenger when He calls you
to that which revives you, and know that Allah
stands between a person and his heart, and that to
Him you are herded. 25 And protect yourselves
against a trial which does not befall exclusively
those who did injustice among you, and know that
Allah is stern in retribution. 26 And call to mind
when you were few, (and) deemed weak and
oppressed in the land, fearing that people may
capture you, but He sheltered you and aided you
with His supportb and provided you with good
things, that you may give thanks. 27 O you who have
attained faith, do not betray Allah and the
Messenger, nor betray your trusts while you know.
And know that your possessions and your
28
children are but a means of trial, and that Allah
possesses a great reward. 29 O you who have attained
faith, if you become mindful of Allah, He will give
you a criterion and will remit your evil deeds for
you and will forgive you. For Allah is the Possessor
of great grace. 30 And recall: the deniers scheming
against yousg to imprison you or kill you or evict
you. And they scheme and Allah schemes, but
Allah is the best of schemers. 31 And when Our
signsc are read to them, they say, “We have surely
heard. Had we willed, we could have said the like
of this; this is nothing but legends of the ancients.”
And recall when they said, “Our God, if this is
32
the truth from You, then rain down upon us stones
from the sky or bring us a painful punishment.” 33
But never would Allah punish them while yousg are
amongst them. And never was Allah to punish them
All except Hafs, Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “For indeed Allah is with . . .”
The Arabic word used for support is nasr which also means ‘victory’.
c
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qa
b
119
PART 9. THE SPOILS
Surah 8- Al-Anfâl
l i i h qh û h h qm h i ğ ûhû h û i i h h h h h h
AźũbŊŦ ô ĹŽjʼnŕĻb ;ǾŲ ƅj? ĺ
j žȊ‹ ʼnŶjŠ űŹȩƆŔ `ǽ ĵŲb
ğ
l i hh
h i iû h ûi i h h h hû
h ȑ‹ `ğ ? ̤ `b
ŋŧȲĻ űļŶŬ ĵųjķ BAŊšů‹
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
j
h h i i
iğ h h i i h h ğ
h ŴŠh l AbʼnĠ ŕi Ȏ
h j űû Źi h ɉŠʆh Ųû = `ź
űȪ ĵŹȫźŪjŧŶɀŏŦ jôĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
ŪjŧŶŽ
j j
hŠ l m i h h h ğ h h i h û i ğ i q h û h û û h h i i h
Ǔj? Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹b ñ`źĸŰŤȬ űȪ CǪń űŹj žŰŠ `źȲĻ
h i h ûi hğh h
k ğ h h hû i ğ h h
Ķ
j j žśů‹ ŴjŲ ĽžjĸƢ‹ Ĭ‹ Ǥųj Ȏj ̥ `bǬƘ űŶŹŁ
h hû h h û h h
q Ʀh ÿŷi ųh Ŭi Ǟ
û h ȯh Ŗšû Ȩh ȇ
Š h h ÿŷi Řh šû Ȩh Ľž
ĵšžj
p
j ĸƢ‹ ŮšłɆb
i
hh û h
i
h i Šh û i i h Ģhl h ğ h h
Ůũ ̦ `bǪ
j ɴů‹ űŸ ūjɌʤb= űô ŶŹŁ Ǎj ÿŷi Űšłžh ȯ
l h h h ğk
h hû l h h
h
hh
`˯ ťŰŎh ʼnû ũ ĵŲğ űŹi ɉ ŋû ŧŤȬi AźŹi ļȿ
Ž `j? Abm ŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȓj ů
h
û
h ğ h û i i h h
l
h
i ih
h ůbğ Ɓ‹ ĺ
û Řh Ɋh ʼnû Ūh ȯ AbIź
i Ŷğ Ŏi ĺ
Š ń űŸźŰjļŠɥb ̧ ǻj
ƅƲ
šȬ
h ğ iĠi i k h i hh x hû h i h
ğ h lû hh
`jıŦ AźŹļŵ‹ `j j ıŦ jôĬj ÿŷǿ ŴŽjȐ‹ `źȲɆb ĹŶļj Ŧ `źȲĻ
h i
û h lûğhh
h ğ `ğ h= l Aźm ųi hŰŠĭ
hğ
Ŧ AźůźĻ `˯ ̨ xǞŕj hķ `źŰųh šû Ȭh ĵųh j ķ Ĭ‹
Ĭ‹
ğh l h û h
i hûh
i ŕj ğȍ‹ űh šjû ŵbh ȠŠ h źû ųh û ɉ‹ űh šjû ŵ űû Ȳ
ĵųh ȫɁ Aźm ųi ŰŠ‹bø
̩Ǟ
ô Š ƋůźɊ
h
i i jĬğ j `ğ hįhŦ ;ƾ
k i h
i ŋŰj
ğ ɉbh ÿŷi ŏh ƨ
djȑj bh ^ź
Ŏ
p û ŴjŲ űļųjû Ŷţ
j
h hû h Š h Šh hû h Šh û iû
i Ŭi `? Ůžȼŏɉ‹
ğ Ŵûķ‹bh ǻjŭɹ
ɮȎ‹b ȗŋŪů‹
űû ļŶ
j j j
j Š ųɉ‹b ǖ
j
h
h
û
û
m
hû i hûh h ûh Š h h h hh ğ
i ŲAh ;h
_h źû hŽ `ĵ
ĵȍŌŵ= ĵŲb jĬĭjķ űļŶ
j ũŋŧů‹ _źŽ ĵŵjʼnĸȭ ȇ
k i Šh h i ğ h
h û h û ǐh hȋ‹û
iűļŵh= Jû ? ̪ ŋŽj
f ʼnhũ p;ƾ
û h ȁ
Ĭ‹b ˍ`ĵ
j
j šųƠ‹
j ȇ
h h h i û ğ h Š h û iû h û iû
ûĠ h ûiû
i
j Cbʼnšůĭjķ
ŮŧŎû = Ķ
Ŭŋɉ‹b cźŕŪů‹ j Cbʼnšůĭjķ űŸbh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
h
û
h
Ġ h h h
h
i
iûhhû
ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh ʼnj Š ɿžųj ɉ‹ Ǎj űû ļŧŰļŇ˔ űû ȩʼnŠAźh Ļ źû ɉbh űô û ȲŶjŲ
h h hh
h hk q i û h h h q ûh iğ h ûhk
Ŵü ȭ ūŰŸ Ŵû Ųh ūj ŰŹû Ȏ
j ƅźšŧŲ `ǽ ˊŋɊ= Ĭ‹ DŽj ŪȎj
h
ğ
û Ɇh bh ĹŶh kɀhķ
h ğ ‹ `˯ ˍĹŶh ɀk hķ Ŵü ȭh Ƹ
f ųj ŏh ɉ Ĭ
f ŰŠh şž
ğ h Ŵû Ųh Ƶ
ŠhŅ
̫ űžj
p j
p j
h
q
h
h
h
ğ
h
h
h
h
h
q j ĿŬ űû Źi ȲŠƊKh = źû ɉbh ð Ɔžj Űũ ūjɊĵŶŲ Ǎ Ĭ‹
i űi Źi ȲɆŋiŽ Jû ?
ˊǞ
j
j j
h
û
h
û
ğ
h
ğ
û
i hğ
iû h
h ğ Ŵğ Ȳ
ÿŷi ŵj? űô h ŰŎh Ĭ‹
j Š ɧbh ŋj ɊƁ‹ Ǎj űû ļȭŌh Šɰhȋbh űû ļŰ jŒŧů
û
h
i i i
Ġ DAŊh ķ ü űžj
m j űû ļi žû Ūh hȋ‹û jJj? űû Ÿź
ųȲɆŋj iŽ J˯ ̬ jKbʼni ŕɉ‹
Ǎ
j j i ŰŠ
h iğ
h û i ik hih q h û i iû h
m j űȲŰj ŰŪɆb Ɔžj Űũ űȲj Ŷžȭ=
h j Ūû hȎj űû Źj j Ŷži ȭû = Ǎ
ˊŋq Ɋû = Ĭ‹
DŽ
h h
q i ûh h h
h
i Ɋi iƁ‹û şi Łh ŋû iĻ jĬğ ‹ Ǔ˯
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ ̭ Kź
ŴŽj
ñ ƅźšŧŲ `ǽ
as long as they seek forgiveness. 34 Yet why should
Allah not punish them when they bar others from
the Inviolable Mosque, though they are not its
guardians? Rather its guardians are none except the
mindful (of God), but most of them do not know. 35
And their prayer at the House was nothing but
whistling and clapping—so tastepl the punishment
for what youa used to deny. 36 Indeed, those who
have denied spend their wealths to bar (others) from
the way of Allah. So they will spend it, then it will
become a source of sorrow for them and then they
will be overcome. And those who have denied are
herded to Hell. 37 That Allah may distinguish the
nasty from the good, and heap the nasty (things) on
top of one another and pile them together and set it
up in Hell; those are the losers. 38 Tellsg those who
have denied that if they desist, they will be forgiven
whatever has already passed. But if they return—
then the rule of (God regarding) the ancients is already
established. 39 And combatpl them until there is no
more religious persecution and religion is all for
Allah. But if they desist—then Allah is All-Seeing
of what theyb do. 40 And if they turn away, then
knowpl that Allah is your Patron; what an excellent
Patron and what an excellent Supporter! 41 And
know that whatever you have gained (as spoils of
war) —to Allah belongs its fifth and to the messenger
and to the relative and the orphans and the destitutepl
and to the traveler in need, provided you have (truly)
attained faith in Allah and in what Wec have sent
down upon Our servant on the Day of Distinction,
the day when the two armies met. For Allah is AllPowerful over everything. 42 Recall: you on the
nearer bank and they on the further bank and the
caravan below you. And had you planned for this
meeting, you would indeed have differed over the
promised appointment, but Allah was to carry out
a predetermined matter—so that those who perish
would perish after seeing evident proof, and those
who survive would survive after seeing evident
proof. And most surely, Allah is All-Hearing, AllKnowing. 43 Recall: Allah showing them to yousg in
your sleep as few, for had He showed them to you
as many, youpl would have faltered and disagreed
with each other about the matter, but Allah saved
a
Qb
c
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
Roways read it as: “. . . All-Seeing of what youpl do.”
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
120
PART 10. THE SPOILS
Surah 8- Al-Anfâl
û h l iiû h qh û i h h lm i h h
q j ĿŬh Ĭ‹
h ğ l Abŋi Ŭi J‹
ˊǞ
b AźļȼľĭŦ ĹĴj Ŧ űļžjŪů AJj? AźŶŲA;
l i h hh h h ih i h h hğ l i hh
ûi i ğ ğ
h
AźŠŌŠɰĻ ƅb ÿȔźŎKb Ĭ‹ AźšžjŚ=b ̮ `źŅji Űŧȩ űû ȲŰšh ů
û h û i i
h ğ `ğ ? l Abmô ǚ
h h ûhh l i h ûhh
i Ŕ‹
şh Ųh Ĭ‹
j
j b ðűȲŅɆjK ĶŸŊĻb AźŰŒŧļȯ
l
ğ
h
h h ğ h l i i h hh
h ǚŠɻů‹
űjŸŋj Š ɔjI ŴjŲ AźŁi ŋh Ň ŴŽ
ȑĭ
j Ŭ AźŵźȲĻ ƅb ̯ ŴɆ
jj
h Ġ i hh
ğ
h ŴŠh `b
i ğ bh jĬ‹
ğ ;h m ĵh ijKbh ˊŋq śh Ȩh
j
ĵųh j ķ Ĭ‹
ȼ
Ŏ
ʼn
ŕ
Ɇ
b
Mĵ
ȍ‹
ô Ůž
j
j
j
h h h û i hŠh û h i Š h û ğ i ih h ğh û
i h ihûh
x
^ĵũb űŹŰʅŠ= ŴɽžŒɉ‹ űŹɉ ŴɆL J˯ ̰ řžjƤ `źŰųšȬ
hh i ğ x h k
i h h h h
h û űi Ȳ
j ğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų _h źû Ȏ‹
ĵųğ ŰŦ ðűû Ȳů Kĵ
Ł ƭ˯
ů Ķj ůȖ ƅ
j Mĵ
h
k
h
m h
h h hh û
x;d
m ŋhķ ƭ? ^ĵhũbh jŷžû ĸh jŪŠh ȇ
Š h œh Ȳ
ŵ `ĵ
j ;h Aŋh Ļ
j
j
j ļĴjŧů‹ D
j
i h h mk h û hh h h Š hh mk û i k
iʼnŽjʼnőh Ĭ‹
h ğ [ĵ
i ğ bh Ĭ‹
Ň= ƭj j ? `bŋĻ ƅ ĵŲ cK= ƭj j ? űȲŶjŲ
ô
ii
h û
h i Šh iû i i h û
f hğ
h ȑ‹ğ bh `ź
PŋŲ űŹj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ŴŽj
Ūŧj ɰųɉ‹ ^źŪȬ Jj? ̱ Bĵ
j Ūjšů‹
ğ hh ûğhhh hh û ii jm hi Ģh ğh
h ğ `ğ ıhŦ jĬ‹
f ŌŠh Ĭ‹
ȇ ȤźļȬ ŴŲb ñűŹŶŽjI ;ƅİʧ ŋţ
ŌɆ
j
j
hi Ģ h h û l i h h h ğ ğ h h h û Ģ h h û h h
x ŭńh
ĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ ȝźļȬ Jj? cŋĻ źɉb ̲ űžj
h i i h i û h
h Ŋh Šh l AźiũbJi bh űû Ÿi ŋh Š ɐh Iû h=bh űû Źi Ÿź
h û BA
̳ ŨɆ
Łb `źɅǴ
ŋ
ơ‹
j Ž
j j
h
h
ûk ğ h
h hğ ğ h û i
û Ųh ʼnğ hũ ĵųh ķ ūjh ɉŠəh
`=b űȲŽʼnj ûŽɁ ĺ
ʼnj žjĸšh Űj ů ˈp Š ʄŞjķ ōh ûɀů Ĭ‹
j
ûh h
ğ h h ûh û
l ihh û ûh
h
h
Abŋŧȱ űô Źj j ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŴŽjȑ‹b `źŠŋj Ŧ ^A
j ; B
j =ʼnŬ ̴
h
h
i
h
h
x
ğ
h
i ʼnőh dk źũ Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? űû ŹɅźiŵŊķ Ĭ‹
i ğ űi Ÿi ŊŇh įŦ jĬ‹
ʼnŽj
ĺ
j Š ɔ˲
j ô jj j
j
û h e k q k h i i h û h h ğ ğ h h Šh
h û
ĵŹh ųh šh ȫɁ Ĺųh šjû ȫ ˊǞ
j ŤŲ ūŽ űɉ Ĭ‹ `įjķ ūj ɉə ̵ Bĵ
j Ūjšů‹
i h h l i k h i Š ğ h û h Šh h
h ğ `ğ h=bh űû Ź jŏŧŵ
x ŰŠh şž
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ‹
įjķ ĵŲ AbǞj ŤȬ Ʋń ˉg źũ ȇ
űžj
j
ûh h
ğ h h ûh û
l
h
ğ
h
h
û
i
û
h
h
Š
ĺ
j ɔ˲ AźķŊŬ űô Źj j ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ŴŽjȑ‹b `źŠŋj Ŧ ^A
j ;B
j =ʼnŬ ̶
xk i h h û h û h h m h û h û h h û i i
û
h
û
h ŭŰŸhįhŦ űû ŹɅk Kh
i
Š
ź
Š
ŋj
Ŧ
^A
Ȥb `
;
ĵ
Ŷ
Ȱ
ŋ
ţ
=
ɰ
b
ű
Ź
Ʌź
ŵ
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ķ
ű
Ź
ô
jj
jj j
ğ
l
m
ğ
h
ğ
h
h
h
k
ğ
h ȑ‹ jĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ BAbh Ȑ‹ Ǩ
ğ `? ̷ ǻųj j ۊɡ Aźiŵǽh
ŴŽj
j
j
ğ
i
h
h h
û h h l hh
ğ
űğ Ȫ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų DʼnŹh Š ɢ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ̸ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ űû Źi ȯ Abŋi ŧȱ
h i
ki
h
h i
û i h û h h i i h
ĵŲğ j ıŦ ̹ `źŪļğ Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿbh p ˅ŋğ Ɋh ȁ
j Ǎj űŸʼnŹȭ `źŘŪŶŽ
ğ h
hû h
û k h h
û iğhhûh
û hû
űû Źi Űšh ů űû Źi ŧŰŇ Ŵû Ųğ űŹj j ķ IǬ
j ŋơ‹ Ǎj űŹŶŧŪĿȩ
j Ŧ B
h û h qh
h
h hh ğ
h ğ ğ
űû Źj ûȎj? Ŋjĸ˩ĭŦ Ĺŵĵžjh Ň ˉg źû ũ ŴjŲ Ŵğ ȯĵƛ ĵŲ˯
̺ `bŋi ŬŊhŽ
He is indeed All-Knowing of what lies
within the chests. 44 And recall: when youpl met,
Him showing them to you as few in your eyes and
making you appear fewer in their eyes, so that Allah
might carry out a predetermined matter. And to
Allah all matters are returneda. 45 O you who have
attained faith, when you encounter a battalion, then
stand firm and remember Allah much, that you may
be successful. 46 And obey Allah and His Messenger,
and do not disagree with each other lest you falter
and your strength depart. And be patient. Indeed,
Allah is with the patient pl. 47 And do not be like
those who set out of their homes out of boastfulness
and for show in front of the people while barring
others from the way of Allah, whereas Allah is AllEncompassing of what they do. 48 And recall how
Satan adorned their deeds for them and said,
“Today, none of mankind shall overcome you, and
I am surely at your side.” But when the two
battalions came within sight of one another, he
turned on his heels and said, “I am innocent of you;
I see what you do not see; I do fear Allah, and Allah
is stern in punishment.” 49 Recall: the hypocrites
and those in whose hearts is sickness saying,
“These people’s religion has deceived them.” But
whoever places his trust in Allah—then indeed,
Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. 50 And if only yousg
could see as those who denied are taken at death by
the angelsb, striking their faces and their backs and
(saying), “Taste the punishment of burning; 51 that is
because of what your hands have put forth and
because Allah is not a tyrant unto the servants.” 52
Such was the case with Pharaoh’s folk and those
before them. They denied the signs of Allah, so
Allah seized them for their misdeeds. Indeed, Allah
is All-Powerful, Stern in retribution. 53 That is
because Allah would never change a blessing He
has bestowed upon any people unless they changed
what is within themselves, and because Allah is
All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 54 Such was the case
with Pharaoh’s folk and those before them. They
rejected the signs of their Lord, so We annihilated
them for their misdeeds, and We drowned Pharaoh’s
unjust. Indeed, the worst of the
folk—for all were
55
treading creatures before Allah are those who have
denied, as they will never believe: 56 those of them
(the situation).
Qa
Qb
Ibn ʻAmer, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “And to Allah all matters return.”
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . as the angels take those who denied at death . . .”
121
PART 10. THE SPOILS
Surah 8- Al-Anfâl
hh
ğ h ŏh ûƘh ƅh bh ̻ ǻj
h û Ķj
h ŶɋmĵƢ‹
Ġ Ƙi ƅh Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? ;g m Aźh Ŏh ȇ
Š
Ƿ
ˏ
j
j
h i û i h û i ğ lm ih h l i h h h ğ
iűŹhɉ l AbʼnjĠ Šh=bh ̼ `b
Ōł
j šȬ ƅ űŹȫj? Aźô ŪĸŎ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹
i
h i û i û hû
û ĵŲğ
Ājŷjķ `źĸjŸŋĻ Ůj žƢ‹ Qĵ
j Ʌh jKk ŴjŲbh p ˅źğ ũ ŴjŲk űļi šû śh ļh Ŏ‹
h h h h
h hh û i ğ i h h ğ ğ i h
i
h ŋŇA
űi Źi ȫźųi Űšû ȩ ƅ űû Źj j ŵbI ŴjŲ ŴɆ
j ;b űȱbʼnŠb jĬ‹ bʼnŠ
ğ
ğ
h Ǎ ;p ƾ
iğ
û h ŴjŲ l AźŪi jŧŶiĻ ĵŲh bh űô û Źi ųi hŰšû Ȭh Ĭ‹
[źh iŽ jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
j
j
j
û ğ l i hh
h h û i h i hh û i ûh
űj ŰŏŰj
ɉ AźŅŶŁ `˯ø ̽ `źųi ŰŞȩ ƅ űû ļŵ
=b űȲȎj?
ğ hh ûğhh h hh û h û h
ğ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ? jĬ‹
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
̾ űžj
j ô ȇ ȤźĻb ĵŹɉ ŃŶŁĭŦ
h h û h ğ h h i h ûh h lm i i
iğ ū
m ȑ‹ğ źh Ÿi ôĬ‹
dj
ĸŏń `jıŦ ]źŠʼnƞ `= AbʼnɆŋj Ž `˯
h
hû û i i h û h h ğ h h
û iû h
û
h
h
h
ğ
h
źɉ űô Źj j ɅźŰũ ǻȨ ťůɁb ̿ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉĭjɅb Āj aDz
j Ŷjķ ]ʼnŽɁ
h
h
û
ğ
i
m
i
û
h h
h
û
q Ʀ P˱
h Ȩh ĺ
h Ūû ŧŵ
h ŧůɁ ĵŲğ ĵšžj
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲh ĺ
űû Źj j ɅźŰũ ǻ
=
h
h
h
h ğ ‹ Ŵğ Ȳ
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh ÿŷi ğŵ? űô û Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ťh ůğ Ɂ Ĭ
Ģ h ̀ űžj
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
j Š ɧbh
j
j
h h
h hhğ hh iğ h i û h Ġ ğ
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ū
Ģ ́ ǻj
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
šĸȩ‹ Ŵj Ųb Ĭ‹ ūĸŏń Ʊj ȍ‹
hh h û iû
û
i
i
h
k h Ġ ğȍ‹
űû ȲŶjŲk ŴȲhŽ `j? ˏ ^ĵ
j ļŪj ů‹ ȇ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ Pj ŋj ń Ʊ
j
ûhhl l i û h h i Š h h i û
i k i h
űȲŶjŲ ŴȲŽ `˯ ˏǻ
j ȽijĵjŲ Aźĸj ŰŤȬ `bǚj ɞ `bǬjŠ
h
ğ xûh û iğh l ihh
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵjh Ųk ĵŧq ûůɁ l Aźm ĸji ŰŤû Ȭh xĹhijlĵjŲk
ƅ _źũ űŹȫɂjķ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
û
h ğh
ğh h h h û i h iğ
h hû
i
ûűȲžj
ȯ `= űj ŰŠb űȲŶŠ Ĭ‹ ťŧŇ Ŵh ˜ů‹ ͂ `źŹi ŪŧȬh
ûhhl l i û h x h h x hl k i k i h h qû h
ˏǻ
j ȽijĵjŲ Aźĸj ŰŤȬ CŋjķĵŔ ĹijĵjŲ űȲŶjŲ ŴȲŽ `jıŦ ô ĵŧšŗ
û
ğ
û hûh lm i û h x ûh û i k i h
i ğ bh jĬ‹
Ĭ‹
ñ `j JjıjȨ ǻ
j ŧůɁ Aźĸj ŰŤȬ ťůɁ űȲŶjŲ ŴȲŽ `˯
hû m i h h i h h
ğ h h
h ǚŠɻů‹
h = ÿȔ `źȲŽ `= Ʊ
Š Ǧ
k h jȍ `h ǽh ĵŲh ̓ ŴɆ
c
şŲ
jj
gj
h
û
û
û
h
h
i ŋiĻ P˱
i ŋiŽ Ĭ‹
Ġ Pŋh Šh `bʼnɆ
i ğ bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
h j ĿȬi Ʋ
Š ğ ńh
ʼnɆ
j ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Ŵň
j
ğ
x Šɮjh Ŭ ƅh źû ůğ ̈́ űžj
i ğ bh ñ hCŋjh Ň˖‹
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh Ĭ‹
Ũh ĸh Ŏh jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ķ
jh
l iih
i ğ hh
f Ŋh Šh űû ȩi Ŋû Ňh = m ĵųžj
x Şj Šh BA
h ȯ űû Ȳ
ĵųjğ Ɋ AźȀŦ ͅ űž
ŏųɉ
q
l
h
h
iğ h qk h
h ûiû h
hğ
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
x ŧi Ȯ Ĭ‹
x ńKğ Kź
͆ űžj
j ô AźŪȩ‹b ô ĵĸjžŚ ƆŠʄń űļųj Ŷţ
h h
h
h
h
i
h û Ɓ‹û Ŵjh Ųk űȲŽj
m j Ŵųjh k ɉ Ůiũ Ʊ
Ģ Ǧ
Ġ ğȍ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
Ģ
ʼnûŽɁ Ǎ
űj Űšû Ȭh `j? c
j
i
ii
h m
i
i ûi qû h û i
q û Ňh űû Ȳj
iğ
űû ȲŶjŲ ŊjŇ= ĵųjğ Ɋk ˊǞ
ĻİŽ ˊǞŇ űȲjɅźŰũ Ǎj Ĭ‹
with whom yousg have covenanted, but they violate
their covenant every time and they are never
mindful (of God). 57 So if you confront them in battle,
then make of them a fearsome example for those
who follow them, that they may constantly
remember. 58 And if you fear treachery from any
people, then break off with them in a like manner;
indeed, Allah does not like the treacherous. 59 And
let not the deniers think that theya are ahead. Indeed,
they cannot thwart (God). 60 And preparepl against
them all what you can muster of power and of
warhorse garrisons to terrify b thereby Allah’s
enemy and your enemy and others apart from them
whom you do not know (but) whom Allah knows.
And whatever you spend in the way of Allah is
rendered to you in full, and you are not dealt with
unjustly. 61 But if they incline towards peace, then
inclinesg towards it and place your trust in Allah.
Indeed, it is He who is the All-Hearing, the AllKnowing. 62 For (even) if they want to deceive you,
then surely Allah is enough for you. It is He who
aided you with His supportc and with the believers.
And He attuned their hearts. Had you spent
63
whatever is in the earth, all together, you would not
have attuned their hearts, but Allah attuned them.
Indeed, He is Almighty, All-Wise. 64 O Prophet,
Allah is sufficient for you and the believers who
have followed you. 65 O Prophet, urge the believers
on to combat. If there are twenty patient ones
among you, they can overcome two hundred. And
if there are a hundred of you, they can overcome a
thousand of those who have denied, because they
are a people who do not comprehend. 66 Now Allah
has lightened your pl burden and He has recognized
that there is weakness ind you. So if there are a
hundred patient ones among you, they can overcome
two hundred. And if there are a thousand of you,
they can overcome two thousand by Allah’s leave.
For Allah is with the patient ones. 67 Never would it
befit any prophet to (stop the battle and) take captives
before he has subjugated (the enemy) in the battlefield.
Youpl want the materials of the Earlier (Life), but
Allah wants the Hereafter. For Allah is Almighty,
it not for a predetermined decree
All-Wise. 68 Were
from Allah, a great punishment would have befallen
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “And do not think that the deniers are ahead.”
Roways read it as: “. . . to strongly terrify . . .”
c
The Arabic word used for support is nasr which also means ‘victory’.
Qd
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and He has recognized that there are weak people among you.”
Qa
Qb
122
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
l i i
h h
i h ûhh
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh űû Ȳ
x ńKğ Kź
ūļh ȫĵžjh Ň AbʼnɆ
ŋj Ž `˯ ͇ űžj
ô ů ŋû jŧŤɆb
h ûhh iûh
h ğ l AźiŵĵŇh ʼnû Ūh ȯh
i ğ bh űû Źi Ŷjû Ų Ŵh Ȳ
fűžj ŰŠh Ĭ‹
ŲįŦ ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
ñ
h l
l h hh l ih h h ğ ğ
f ŭńh
Ÿb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ͈ űžj
űû Źj j ɉŠʆh Ųû įjķ Abʼni Źh Š ɕh bh Abŋi Łĵ
i hh
h h i l i h hğ l h h h ğ h ğ
h Ǎ űû Ź jŏŧŵ
ūjɌʤĢ bl = Abm Dz
ŵb AbbA; ŴŽjȑ‹b jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
=b
j
j
j j
h
l
h
ğ
h
l
l
h
m
û
h
i
h h hi h i i û i h i h h x h ğ x h
i
i hh
û i Ȩh ğ ;bi h ĵȎ
hűô û j Ȳ
ȫĵžjŋŇŁ
͇; űžjŴŽjńȑ‹
K Kź
bû = ůűû ŋŹûi ŧjŘŤšɆû bȨ
ĵū
Ų ļAb
AźŶŲA
b ŧŖ
ˏ Ȯp šĬ‹
j ĵAbŹȬʼnɆűŋj ɉŽb`˯
h ûû h h h i û k h
hŠ h ğ h l Aźiŵĵk Ňh ʼni û Ūh ȯh
i iğ bh h űû i Źi Ŷjû ŲŠ ğ h Ŵh Ȳ
f ŰŠh l AbôĬ‹
űžj
ŲįŦ ŮŴjĸŲȰ ŴjűŹjŲj ļžh Ĭ‹
ñ
Ʋ
ń
;g ƾ
ɧb ŴjŲ űȲů
`˯
ŋ
Ł
ĵ
Ź
Ȭ
j
j
h
ğ
l
l
l
ğ i i fh h û h
h Š h h i ğ h Š h i û h ğ i i h i h h û h h i h h h kh
ŸbžŰAźšŶȯŲAŴŽj
;j ŴŽj
űžjŭȽŎ‹
ń
űˢû źŹjû j ũɉŠʆh Ųûȇ
įjķ Abƅʼnj ?Źɕ
͈DzŶ
Dzb ȍ‹AbŋŁĵ
űȲ
Ȑ‹ȑ‹Ǎj `űj ?û ȡb
i
ğ
l
l
h
i
h Ģ x l h m i h h h ğ h û h h h h h i ğ h x ğ Š h k h i h û h h û û i i h hû h
ū
=j AķbDz
ȑ‹‹b ñ jĬ‹
jŏŧŵŶ=ɀbķ
͉j ɌʤǞbŕ
`źŵŰbųšAbȩbAĵ;ųjķŴŽjĬ
ŨɯžjŲŮž
j j ȼűŎŹŶɀǍɅj bh űűŹj Ȳ
h
ğ
l
l
h
m
ğ
l
i
m
h û h = űû Źhi Ři ğ šû hȨ
h h i û h û ɉbh AźŶi ŲAh û ;h i ŴŽj
h û bh û i Ŗi šû Ȩh ;i ĵi Ȏ
i Abh ŋi Ł
ĵŲh Ȳ
Ŵ
Ļ aź
b= űŹˏ Řp Abŋh ŧj bȱ
ŴŽjȑ‹b
ji ĵŰŹšȬŧȩűƅ
j? Ŗ
ˏ g šȨ ;ĵhȎj ȑ‹
l i h l h h i l i h h i h Šh ğ h ğ h û h x h k x h h h h Š h h h û k x i h û h
ƾǞjĸŴjŬŲIĵűŏŹj Ŧj ļbžɧP˱
bj Ŵj
`˯
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j Ŏi Kh bh jĬ‹
`= ǚ
j ȱƁ‹ ŀj ơ‹ _źŽ Mĵ
h
û iû h k x m h
i h ii i h h h
i ğ h
Ȳů xǞû Ň źh Źi ȯ űû ļi ûȼĻ `jıŦ ÿô Ȕź
ŎKb ǻj ȡǬ
ðűû j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ;dŋj ķ
h
l
h
kh ğ
û i iû h û i ğ m i û h û iûğhh
Ǭ
jj ȵbh ñjĬ‹ dŌj ł
j šŲ ǞȮ űȲŵɁ AźųŰŠĭŦ űļȎźĻ `˯
h
h h l ihh h ğ
Ġ h h ğ ğ
Ŋ
Ŵjh Ųk űĻʼnŹh Š ɢ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ƅj? ̄ ˈg Ȏj = BA
g šjķ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹
you for what you have taken. 69 So consume of what
you have gained, legitimate and good, and be mindful
of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing
of mercy. 70 O Prophet, say to those you hold prisoners,
“If Allah recognizes any good in your hearts, He will
give you better than what was taken from you and
will forgive you. For Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy.” 71 But if they want to betray
you, then they have already betrayed Allah earlier,
and He has empowered (you) over them. For Allah is
All-Knowing, All-Wise. 72 Indeed, those who attained
faith and emigrated and struggled in the way of Allah
with their wealths and themselves, and those who
provided shelter and gave support—those are
guardians of one another. But those who attained faith
but did not emigrate—you owe them no guardianship
until they have emigrated. But if they ask youpl for
support in the matter of religion, then support is
incumbent on you, except against a people with
whom you have a pledge. For Allah is All-Seeing of
what you do. 73 And those who denied— they are
guardians of one another. Unless you do this, there
will be religious persecution in the land and huge
corruption. 74 And those who attained faith and
emigrated and struggled in the way of Allah, and
those who provided shelter and supported—those are
the true believers. For them is forgiveness and noble
provision. 75 And those who attained faith afterwards
and emigrated and struggled with youpl—then those
belong with you. But blood relatives are nearer to one
another in the Scripture of Allaha. Indeed, Allah is
All-Knowing of everything.
9. Repentance
A repeal from Allah and His Messenger (declared)
to those whom youpl have covenanted from among
the polytheists: 2 so travel freely through the land
for four months and know (well) that you cannot
thwart Allah and that Allah will disgrace the
deniers. 3 And an announcement from Allah and
His Messenger to mankind on the day of the Greater
Pilgrimage that Allah renounces the polytheists, as
does His Messenger. So if youb repent, it is better
for you; but if you turn away, know that you cannot
1
a
b
More entitled to inherit from one another.
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
123
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
û iû
h h q h i i h i h
i hh l
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Abŋi Źj ŠɾiŽ űû ɉbh ĵnZžû ő űû ȡźŕi ŪŶhŽ űû ɉ űğ Ȫ ǻj
ȡǬ
j ųɉ‹
i h ğ ğ û ğ i Šh û i h û h û û h l m Ġ h h q h h
`j? űô Źj j ĻʼnŲ Ǔj? űŸʼnŹȭ űŹj Ȏj? Aźųj ĻįŦ Aʼnń=
ĶjĠ Ƙ Ĭ‹
û
l
û h i i iû i i û h û h h h h h
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉ‹
h ȡǬû ųi ɉ‹ AźiŰļi Ȱĭ
ǻj
Ŧ _ŋơ‹ ŋŹőƁ‹ ņŰŏȸ‹ AJjıŦ ̅ ǻ
j
j
ği û ih l i i û h û i i i û h û i i i h û i i Ġ h h i û h
ȁ űŹɉ AbʼnšȰ‹b űŸbDzń‹b űŸbŊŇb űŸźųȩʼnŁb Ľžń
l Ġ h h hŠ h ğ lih h h hŠh ğ l i hhh l i h h h û h
AźŰňŦ CźŬŌɉ‹ AźĻA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ AźɊĵũ=b AźķĵĻ `jıŦ ʼnˏ p ŔŋɊ
x h û
h ğ `ğ ? űû Źi hŰžȼŎh
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
x ńKğ Kź
Ŵjh Ųk ʼnńh = `˯ ̆ űžj
j ô j
h
hh
h h h h h û h
i ğ
û iû
Š ğ ńh iaŋû Ł
űğ Ȫ jĬ‹ űh Š ʄŬ şh ųh ŏû h ȹ Ʋ
j įŦ ]KĵłļŎ‹ ǻj ȡǬ
j ųɉ‹
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ğ
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ğ h h
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ťžû Ŭ ̇ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ x_źû ũ űû Źi ȫɂjķ ūj ɉŠə ÿô ŷi Ŷh Ųh įŲh ŷi Ťj ŰûķɁ
ğ
û iû i i h
h h
ğ h
h Šbh jĬ‹
j Ŏi Kh ʼnŶj
ƅj? mĀjȔź
ʼnŶjŠ ʼnf Źû ȭ ǻj
ȡǬ
j ųŰj ɉ `źȲŽ
i h l h û h h j h hû
û hû h û Ġ h h h ğ
űû Ȳů Aźųi Šʂļh Ŏ‹
ĵųȯ ˌ_Aŋơ‹ ʼnj ł
j ŏųɉ‹ ʼnŶjŠ űȩʼnŹŠɢ ŴŽjȑ‹
h h
û hŦ
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? űû Źi h ɉ l Aźųž
i jŪļh Ŏĭ
`˯ ťžû Ŭ ̈ ǻ
j
j ô
kq
h
h i hh l
l i
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û
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ô ĹŲjğ J ƅbh ƅj? űû Ȳžj
ȯ Aźĸi Ȱŋû hŽ ƅ űû Ȳžû ŰŠ Abŋi Źh ŞȬh
h i h i i h û hh û i i i i Šh ûh h û Šh û h i h i û i
`źŪ jŏŠɤ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ=b űŹɅźŰũ ƪɂĻb űŹj jŸʆŦįjķ űȲŵźŗŋŽ
q h qhh ğ
l
h l hh û
mĀjôŷjŰžjȼŎh ŴŠh AbʼnĠ ŕh hŦ Ɔžj
ő‹ ̉
Űũ ĵŶųȪ jĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔ˲ Abû Ǜ
kq
h
l
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m
h
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h
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û
ƅj? Ŵjg ŲİɊi Ǎj `źĸi Ȱŋû hŽ ƅ ̊ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲh ;h ĵŎh űû Źi ȫj?
h
û i h h i q
l i hhh l i h h
h
AźɊĵũ=b AźķĵĻ `jıŦ ̋ `bʼni ļh šû ųi ɉ‹ űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh ô ĹŲjğ J ƅbh
i hi
k
û i i h û h h h ğ lih h h h h ğ
Ůŕj k ŧȫbh ŴŽj
ˍ j Ȑ‹ Ǎj űȲŵŠʆŇjıŦ CźŠ ŬŌɉ‹ AźĻA;b CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
h l ih ğ
h
h h
h
ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj k űŹi Ŷh Š ʅh ûŽɁ Aźm ĿȲŵ `˯ ̌ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹
l
ğ û i û h h l i hh i
h
űû Źi ȫj? ŋj ŧȲů‹ Ĺųğ j ɋ= Aźm ŰjļŠʂŦ űû Ȳj ŶŽjI Ǎj AźŶi šh Śh bh űjû Ÿʼnj Źû ȭ
lm i h ğ q û h h i Šhi hh
h i h h û i ğ h h û ih h Šh ûh m h
AźĿȲŵ ĵŲźũ `źŰjļʂĻ ƅɁ ̍ `źŹļȿŽ űŹŰšů űŹɉ ŴʅŽɁ ƅ
h
h h i
i
i ŋɉ‹
ğ FA
h Ňû ıȨ l AźųĠ Ÿh bh űû Źi Ŷh Š ʅh ûŽɁ
j
Ŏ
˅ˏ g ŋğ Ɋh ^bğ = űû ȡb;i ʼnh hķ űŸbh ^ź
ŋ
j
jj
h
h
h
i
û
h
û
h ŶŲj İŲĠ űļŶ
i Ŭ `? ai źû Œƛ `= ŨĠ ńh = Ĭĭ
i ğ hŦ űû Źi ȫh źû Œh ûƛh Ɂh
̎ ǻj
ô
j
h
i û i hh û û ih û i
i i Šh
i ğ űi Źi Ȩjû Ŋk šh Ȭi űû Ÿź
űû ȱDzŶ
Ɇb űjŸŌj ňɆb űȲŽjʼnûŽɂjķ Ĭ‹
Űjļɥ
h h û ûih
h ŶŲj İû ŲĠ ˉźû hũ Kb
h ʼni Ŕi ťj Œû h ȹbh űû Źžû hŰŠh
Ŝžû Ȯ Ķj
ŸŊɆb ̏ ǻj
p
j
thwart Allah. And givesg to those who have denied
glad tidingsa of a painful punishment, 4 except for
those of the polytheists whom youpl have covenanted
then they did not fail you in anything, nor did they
back anyone against you. So fulfill with them their
covenant to the end of their term; indeed, Allah
loves the people who are mindful (of Him). 5 As soon
as the inviolable months have passed, kill the
polytheists wherever you find them and capture
them and besiege them and lie in wait for them at
every passage. But if they repent and establish the
prayers and bringb the purifying charityc, then let
them go their way; indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 6 And if anyone of the
polytheists asks yousg for protection, then grant him
protection so that he may hear the Speech of Allah,
then escort him to where he can be safe. That is
because they are people who have no knowledge. 7
How can there be a covenant with the polytheists
on the part of Allah and His Messenger, except for
those whom youpl have covenanted at the Inviolable
Mosque? As long as they are upright with you, be
upright with them; indeed, Allah loves the people
who are mindful (of Him). 8 How (can there be a treaty)
when, if they overcome you, they neither respect a
godd nor a treaty with you? They please you with
lip service, but their hearts refuse, and most of them
are defiantly disobedient. 9 They purchased, in
exchange for Allah’s signse, a small price and
barred others from His way; how evil indeed is
what they used to do. 10 Towards a believer they
respect neither a godd nor a treaty, and those are the
transgressors. 11 But if they repent and establish the
prayer and bringb the purifying charityc, then they
are your brethren in faith. And We detail the signse
for people who know. 12 But if they renege on their
oaths after making their covenant and defame your
religion, then combat the leaders of denial—surely,
they have no (binding) oathsf—so that they may
a
This is said in sarcasm.
b
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
c
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
d
The word used is Elah which means ‘God’ in Hebrew.
e
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qf
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . surely, they have no faith . . .”
124
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
i ğ Bź
i ļi Ɇh bh űû ŹɅźiŰiũ
i ğ bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh ȇ
f ŭńh űžj
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
Š h h Ĭ‹
̐ űžj
ñ
ñ jj
h
ğ
l i hŠh h
i ğ űj hŰšû Ȭh ĵųğ h ɉbh l Aźȡi Ǜ
h û ȩi `= űû ļi ûȼ jŏńh _û h=
AbʼnŹɕ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ĭ‹
h
h ğ
l i ğh ûhh û i
i
j Ŏi Kh ƅbh jĬ‹ `b
ƅbh ĀjȔź
j ļȬ űɉb űȲŶjŲ
j I ŴjŲ AbŊň
i
h h
h
h
h Ȏj bh ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
i ĸŇh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ô Ĺq ł
`ǽ ĵŲh ̑ `źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųh j ķ ü Ǟ
j
û iû
i h Ģhh h
ğ h Šh h l ii û h h h
Š h jĬ‹
űŹj jŏŧŵ= ȇ
ŴŽjʼnŹj ɝ
ʼnł
j ɹŲ AbŋųšȬ `= ǻj ȡǬ
j ųŰj ɉ
h
i
h
i
ûi û
û
h Ģ l
i
û śh ĸńh ū
űû Ÿ jKĵğȍ‹ ȝj bh űû Źi ۊʅh Š= ĺ
j
j Ɍʤb= ˏŋj ŧȲůĭjķ
h i Šh
ğ
ğ
Š h Ųh ŋi ųi šû Ȭh ĵųh ȫğ j ? ̒ `b
Ȓj ɗ
jĬĭjķ Ŵh ŲAh ;h Ŵû Ųh jĬ‹ ʼnh ł
j ɹ
ğ h ûh ûhh hŠ h ğ h h h hŠh ğ h hhh
û
ƅj? Őƞ űɉb CźŬŌɉ‹ ƫA;b CźŰŕɉ‹ _ĵũ=b ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh
û h l i i h h h hli h hh hğ
h
û
i
h
Ģ šȯ ðĬ‹
̓ ŴŽjʼnļŹųɉ‹ ŴjŲ AźŵźȲŽ `= ūjɌʤĢ b= ƿ
û hh h û iû h h h
h
û ųh û ɉ‹ hCKĵ
h ųjh Šbh Fk j m ĵơ‹
h û ʼnj ł
h
Ŵû ųh Ŭ _Aj ŋh ơ‹
ŏ
ĹŽĵŪjŎ űļŰšŁ=ø
j
h ğ
h hŠh h
h
ûhû h ğ
h h h
ƅ jôĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj ʼnŹɕb ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źȎ‹b jĬĭjķ ŴŲA;
h iğ h ğ h
ğ hû hû
h
h ųjۊɾů‹
̔ǻ
_źŪů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
b ñjĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ `ÿźi ļh ŏû h ȹ
j
h ğ
l i hŠh h l i h h h l ih h h ğ
h
űû Źj j ɉŠʆh Ųû įjķ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj AbʼnŹɕb AbŋŁĵŸb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
e h h û h
h m hû i h h i ğ h
i h
`bŌi j ɋĵŧů‹ űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh jôĬ‹ ʼnŶj
Š ĹŁh Kh I űi Şȭ= űû Źj jŏŧŵ=bh
hû
h ȯ űû Źi ğ ɉ ĺŠɰğ Łh bh `Šʆh ŗû Kbh ŷi Ŷjû Ųk ĹƧ
i Ġ i i j k hȼiŽ ̕
ĵŹžj
p ŋh j ķ űŹɅKh űû ŸǬ
p
p j
h h
h ğ ‹ `ğ ? ôˑʼne hķɁh m ĵŹžj
h ȯ ŴŽj
x jšhŵ
h Ȓj Š ɗh ̖ űž
f jŪŲĠ űž
ŋf Łû = ÿm iaʼnŶj
ŠĬ
j
i m l i ğh h l ih h h ğ h ĠhĢh
x Şj Šh
űû ȱ;h ĵhķA;h Abm Ŋň
j ļȩ ƅ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ ̗ űž
h i h hû
hh h û i û l Ġ h h û
h ƃ‹û ȇ
h m ĵȎ
h j bû = űû Ȳ
ŋ
ŧ
Ȳ
ů‹
Aź
ĸ
Ņ
ļ
Ŏ‹
`
?
;
ŵŠʆŇ˯
Ŵˏ j Š ʅŽ
j
j
j
ğ
ûi
ğ
h
i h h ih i
`j? Ůũ ̘ `źųji ۊɾů‹ űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl įŦ űû ȲŶjŲk űŹi ɉźh ļh Ȭh ŴŲh bh
h
h h
i
i i û
i im h
i im
űû ȲŁi Š ɩh Lû =bh űû ȲŵŠʆh Ň˯ űû ȱ>ĵŶh Ȩû Ɂbh űû ȱ>ĵhķA;h `ǽ
f h
h h ûh x
h ûhhû
i ih h h
Ȱ‹ ^Šʆh Ųû =bh űû ȲĻǞ
`źû Œƛ Cŋh Šɲjh Ļbh ĵŸźųi ļi ȯǛ
jŒŠb
h
h
m
ğ
h h h
i
ğ ńh = ĵŹh ȫh źû ŗh ŋû hĻ Ŵi Ȳ
Š h Ųh bh ĵŸh Iĵ
ŏŬ
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űȲûȎj? Ķ
j ɹ
û
l
iğ ‹ ƫ
h h ȯh ĀjŷjŰžȼŎh Ǎ pIĵŹh Łbh ĀjȔź
h j įhŽ Ʋ
Š ğ ńh Aźŕi Ʌğ Ǜ
j Ŏi Kh bh
Ĭ
j
j
j
h
ğ h
û
h Ū jŏŠʁh ûů‹ _h źû Ūh ûů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅh Ĭ‹
i
iűȡi Dz
h h hŵ ʼnû Ūh hů ̙ ǻ
b Ājñaŋj Ɋįjķ
j
desist. 13 Will you not combat a people who have
reneged on their oaths and have advanced forward
to evict the Messenger, and it was they who initiated
(hostilities) against you? Do you fear them? It is Allah
who is worthier of being feared, if you are believers.
Combat them, so that Allah may punish them at
14
your hands and disgrace them and support you
against them and heal the chests of a believing
people 15 and remove the rage in their hearts. And
Allah grants repentance and accepts it from
whomever He wills. And Allah is All-Knowing,
All-Wise. 16 Or do you think that you will be left
alone without Allah identifyinga those of you who
strive and take no confidants apart from Allah and
His Messenger and the believers? And Allah is AllAware of what you do. 17 Never was it befitting for
the polytheists to attend Allah’s mosquesb while
professing their denial. Those—their deeds were
nullified, and in the Fire they abide. 18 Surely,
Allah’s mosques can only be attended by one who
has attained faith in Allah and the Last Day and has
established the prayer and broughtc the purifying
charityd and feared none but Allah, for hopefully
those will become of the guided ones. 19 Do you
equate giving water to pilgrims and maintaininge
the Inviolable Mosque with (the deeds of) whoever
have attained faith in Allah and the Last Day and
have striven in the way of Allah? They are not equal
before Allah. And Allah does not guide the unjust
people. 20 Those who attained faith and emigrated
and strove in the way of Allah with their wealths
and themselves are of a higher degree (of rank) before
Allah, and it is those who are the triumphant ones.
Their Lord gives them glad tidings of mercy from
21
Him, and good pleasure and Gardens wherein they
have lasting bliss, 22 abiding therein forever; indeed
with Allah is a great reward. 23 O you who have
attained faith, do not ally yourselves with your
fathers and your brethren if they prefer denial over
faith, and whoever of you allies himself with
them—then thosef are the unjust. 24 Say, “If your
fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your
Literally ‘knowing’.
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “mosque”.
c
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
d
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qe
Ibn Wardan, in one of his narrations, read it as: “Do you equate the pilgrims’ water-servers and the maintainers of the
Inviolable Mosque with . . .”
f
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
a
Qb
125
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
i
h Šû h= Jû ? ǻû Ŷh ńi _h źû Ɇh bh ˅Ǟ
h
h h
iğ
űû Ȳļû ĸh ł
p j ĿŬ Ŵjh ŚAźh Ɋ Ǎj Ĭ‹
j g
i h h û h h h nq û h û i h û i û h h û i i h û h
űi Ȳžû ŰŠ ĺ
ũĵŗb ĵZžő űȲŶŠ Ŵj Ťȩ űŰŦ űȲĻǜŬ
h
i hû
û ĸh ńi Kh ĵųh ķ P˱
i ğ ^h Ōŵ
h = űğ Ȫi ̚ ŴɆ
h ŋķʼnû ŲĠ űļi Ȏû ğ bh űğ Ȫi ĺ
Ĭ‹
Ɓ‹
j
jj
h
ğû q i i h h h h h û i û h h h
Š h ÿŷi ļh hȿžjŭŎh
j Ŏi Kh ȇ
űů AIźŶŁ ^Ōŵ=b ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ȇb ĀjȔź
h û i m h h h Šh h l i h h h ğ h ğ h h h û h h
h ŋjŧŠʃ
̛ ŴɆ
ů‹ ;AŌŁ ūj ɉəb Abô ŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ BŊŠb ĵŸbŋĻ
j
i ğ Bź
i ļi Ȭh űğ Ȫi
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
i ğ bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh ȇ
Š h h ūjh ɉŠəh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ĭ‹
Kź
ñ
h h i û iû h ğ lm i h h h ğ h Ġh h
hh
x ńKğ
Ģ ̜ űžj
ƆŦ ōx hƑ `źȡǬ
j ųɉ‹ ĵųȫj? AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
h h
û û
h ŋh ơ‹
û hû l ih ûh
h û ʼnh ł
űû ļi ŧjŇ `˯ ôˑŊŠɪ űû Źj Ɋj ȕh ʼnh šû Ȩh _A
j ŏųɉ‹ AźɅŋŪȬ
i û i hû h h qhûh
h ğ `ğ ? ;h m ĵőh `? mĀjŷjŰŘû hŦ ŴjŲ Ĭ
i ğ ‹ űi Ȳžj
Ĭ‹
ŶŤȬ [źŏŦ ĹŰžȭ
j ô
j
ğ
hh ğ
h
l
i
h
h
û
x ŭńh űžj
h ȑ‹
f ŰŠh
ƅb jĬĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽ
j AźŰjļŠɥ ̝ űžj
h ii i h h iğ h ğ h h h i k hi h h
û
ƅbh ÿȔź
ŎKb Ĭ‹ _ŋń ĵŲ `źɊŋj Ƙ ƅb ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎĭjķ
l i û i ğ h h h û l i i h ğ h k hû h h i h
Š ń ĶŠɮjŭů‹ AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴjŲ Ũj ơ‹ ŴŽjI `źŶŽjʼnŽ
AźśšȬ Ʋ
h h
h
h i
i û
h h û
ŋf Ɇû Ōh Ši IźŹi hȎ‹ ĺ
j ůĵũbh ̞ `bŋi jŤŠɞ űû Ÿbh ʼnp hŽ ŴŠ ĹɆh Ōû Ơ‹
j
ii û h h Š h ğ i û i h û h Š h ğ
h hh ğ i û
űŹɉźũ ūj ɉə ðjĬ‹ ŴȨ‹ Ńž jŏųɉ‹ cŋɻȍ‹ ĺ
j ůĵũb jĬ‹ ŴȨ‹
l h h h ğ hûh h i Š h i û hûh
h h i h
űi Źi Űļh Š ɥ ô Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ^źũ `źnZŹj ɼŽ ðűŹj jŸŠʆŦįjķ
h
h
ğ
h i h û Šğ h i ğ
q Ʌh Kû = űû Źi Ŷh Šɭh Ÿû Ki bh űû Ÿi Kĵ
h ĸh ńû = l Abm Ŋi hƛ‹
Ɂ ðĬ‹
ĵȨĵ
̟ `źŭŦİiŽ ƭ
i
ğ
lm i iûh
l
m
h jŏųh û ɉ‹bh jĬğ ‹ `bIi ŴjŲk
AbʼnĸšȎj ƅj? Abm ŋji Ɋ= ĵŲh bh űh Ɇh ŋû Ɋh Ŵh Ȩ‹û Ńž
j
h i û i ğ h i h Š h û i h i ğ h Šh m ğ q Š h q Šh
̠ `źȡǬ
j ȹ ĵųȭ ÿŷŶɳĸŎ ôźŸ ƅj? ŷɧj? ƅ ðˑʼnjńɩ ĵŹɧj?
h m ğ iğ h ûhh û hûh ğ h i l i û i h h i i
`= ƅj? Ĭ‹ ƪɂɆb űŹj jŸŠʆŦįjķ jĬ‹ Kźŵ AźnZjŧśȬ `= `bʼnɆŋj Ž
h i Šh û h h ûh h ih i ğ i
i h Ŏi Kh Ůh Ŏh Kû h= dj
m ȑ‹ğ źh Ÿi ̡ `b
ÿȔź
ŋjŧʃů‹ aŋj Ŭ źɉb ÿaKźŵ űjļŽ
h
k
h
h
k ȇh ÿiaŋh ŹŞû Ȏi j Ũk ơ‹
haŋŬ źû ɉbh Ājŷjǿi ŴŽjȐ‹
h û ŴŽjIbh c
Š ʼnh Źi û ɉĭjķ
j
j
j
j
j
h h
h i û iû
q j ĿŬh `ğ ? l Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
hŴjŲk ˊǞ
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑø
Ģ
̢ `źȡǬ
j
j ųɉ‹
û
h
ûh
h
h
i
h i h
hûĠ h hûhû
j ğȍ‹ ^Šʆh Ųû = `źŰȱ
Ůj śj Šɭůĭjķ Mĵ
įȎ `ĵ
j ĸŸŋɉ‹b jKĵĸńƁ‹
ğ h i û h h ğ h ğ
h Ÿh ȑ‹
h h h Ġ i hh
Ķ
`bǣj ȲŽ ŴŽjȑ‹b ñjĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ ŴŠ `bʼnŕɆb
spouses, and your kinsfolka, and wealths you have
acquired, and a tradeb wherein you fear decline, and
homes that well please you are more beloved to you
than Allah and His Messenger and striving in His
way, then wait until Allah brings about His
command.” And Allah does not guide the defiantly
disobedient people. 25 Allah has supported you in
many battlefields. But on the day of Hunayn, when
your multitude impressed you, it availed you
nothing and the earth closed in on you despite its
spaciousness, then you turned away, fleeing. 26 Then
Allah sent down His tranquility upon His
Messenger and upon the believersc, and He sent
down troops you did not see and punished those
who had denied. And that is the repayment of the
deniers. 27 Then after that Allah will grant
repentance and accept it from whomever He wills.
For Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 28
O you who have attained faith, the polytheists are
surely but an impurity, so let them not approach the
Inviolable Mosque after this year of theirs. And if
you fear need, then Allah will eventually enrich you
of His grace if He wills. Indeed, Allah is AllKnowing, All-Wise. 29 Combat those who do not
believe in Allah nor in the Last Day, nor forbid what
Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, nor abide
by the religion of truth—of those who have been
brought the Scripture—until they pay the tribute,
by hand, fully humbled. 30 And the Jews said, “Ezra
is the son of Allah,” and the Christians said, “The
Messiah is the son of Allah.” That is their saying
which they utter with their mouths; they emulate
the saying of those who denied earlier. May Allah
combat them! How can they be averted (from the
truth)? 31 They have taken their rabbis and their
monks as lords apart from Allah, as well as the
Messiah, son of Mary, although they were
commanded to worship none but one God; there is
no god but He. Highly Exalted is He, high above
what they associate (with Him). 32 They want to
extinguish Allah’s light with their mouths, yet Allah
refuses but to complete His light, even if the deniers
dislike it. 33 It is He Who sent His Messenger with
the religion of truth in order to
the guidance and
make it prevail over every religion, even if the
Qa
b
c
Shuʻba read it as: “kinsfolks”.
The Arabic word used is tijara which is also translated as ‘bargain’.
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
126
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
h h i û k hh ğ
h
hh i i hh h ğ û h
BA
g Ŋšjķ űŸǬj ȼŦ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj ĵŹȫźŪjŧŶŽ ƅb ĹŘjŧů‹b
h
û ih hğh h
h h hûi hûh
h
Š źh ŭ
Š Ƙ _źŽ ̣ ˈp Ȏj =
ĵŹh j ķ c
ļȯ űŶŹŁ jKĵŵ Ǎj ĵŹh žû ŰŠ ǖ
i h i ûh h h h Šh û i i i i h û i i i i h û i i h
i
Ŭ ĵŲ AŊɪ ðűŸKźŹŝb űŹɅźŶŁb űŹŸĵĸŁ
űû Ȳ jŏŧŵƁj űû ȩǣ
j
l
i
Ġ h
ğ
h i û h ûi
ğ h
h i ih
Š jKźŹi Œɉ‹ Cʼnjğ Š `j? ̤ `bǣ
jĬ‹ ʼnŶj
j ȲĻ űļŶŬ ĵŲ AźũbŊŦ
h h ğ Ũh hŰŇh _h źû hŽ jĬğ ‹ ĶŠɮjh Ŭ Ǎ ˊŋq Źû őh Ǭ
h h Šh ĵŶh Ȫ‹û
D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j
l i û h h h i k h û i k h Šh x i i f h h û h m h û h h û h
Aźųj ŰŞȩ ƆŦ űô j žŪů‹ ŴŽjȐ‹ ūj ɉə ô _ŋń ĹšɅK= ĵŹŶjŲ P˱Ɓ‹b
h qğ h h
û iû l i h h û i h i h ğ
ȡǬ
ĵųh Ŭ ĹŦĮŬ ǻj
j ųɉ‹ AźŰjļŠɥb űô Ȳŏŧŵ= ŴŹj žjȯ
ğ ğ h lm i h û h q ğ h û i h i Šhi
h Ūļğ ųi û ɉ‹ şh Ųh Ĭ
h
hĵųȫğ ? ̥ ǻ
‹ `= AźųŰŠ‹b ô ĹŦĮŬ űȲŵźŰjļʂŽ
j
j
ğ
l ihh
Ġ
ğ
xh
i û
h ȑ‹ jŷķ ŮŘh iŽ ŋŧû Ȳ
m j ȿů‹
ů‹ Ǎj CIĵɆh jL ;i ƿ
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽj
ˌj
j
k
l
h
h
h Ɇi bh ĵŲq ȕh ÿŷi hŵźŰjĠ Ƙi
_h ŋğ ńh ĵŲh Cʼnjğ Š AźnZi Śj Aźh Ȏi j ĵŲq ȕh ÿŷi ŵźɊi ŋj k Ņ
h iğ h û h û h im i û ih h ki iğ h ğ h h l Ġ ih iğ
ƅ Ĭ‹
b ñűŹj j ۊʅŠ= ;źŎ űŹɉ ŴjɆL ôĬ‹ _ŋń ĵŲ AźŰŅ
j žȯ Ĭ‹
h
l
h û hû hû
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
Ģ h ̦ ŴɆ
ů‹ _źŪů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh
ĵŲh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
j
h
ûh ğ ğ
l i
h
i i h h h û i h
Ǔj? űû ļi Űũĵľ‹ jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǎj Abŋjŧŵ‹ űȲů ŮžjȰ AJj? űȲů
hû
h
û Ġ Š h hû
h
i ŗKh h= P˱
j Cźžơĭjķ űļž
şi ŠɮŲh ĵųh ȯ ˏj Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ŵjh Ų ĵžh ȫȐ‹
j
ˏ j Ɓ‹
l i h ğ
f h ğ
ûĠ
hû
j CźŠ žh ơ‹
Abŋŧj ŶĻ ƅj? ̧ Ůžj Űũ ƅj? j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎj ĵžh ȫȐ‹
i ûk hi
h û Ȯh ĵŲe źû hũ ^jû ʼnĸû Ƚh ŏû h ȹbh ĵųq Ȏj h= ĵeķAŊh Šh űû Ȳ
i Ǵ
Ġ i hĻ ƅh bh űû ȡi Ǟ
ab
ķjŊšȬ
ğ
h
ki Š h iğ h qû h
h h hŵ ʼnû Ūh ȯh iabDzŶ
i i hĻ ƅj? ̨ ŋŽj
f ʼnũh p;ƾ
û h ȁ
ai Dz
Ĭ‹b ñĵnZžő
j ȇ
ğ
h l ihh h
hû
i Łh ŋh Ňû h= Jû ? Ĭ‹
iğ
h Ÿi Jû ? ǻû hȿûľ‹ ƭĵ
h
ĵ
ų
Kĵ
Ť
ů‹
Ǎ
ľ
Ab
ŋ
ŧ
ȱ
ŴŽj
ȑ‹
ŷ
j
j
j
j
j
j
h
h i ih û
h ğ `ğ ? `û Ōh ûƕh ƅh ĀjŷĸŅ
i ğ ^h Ōŵ
h įhŦ ðĵŶh šh Ųh Ĭ‹
Ĭ‹
j
j j Š ɻj ů ^źŪȬ Jj?
h
hh
h h h
h
h h ğ
Ĺųjh ǿ Ůšh Łh bh ĵŸbû ŋh Ļ űû ů ˆp źŶi iƎj ÿiaʼnh ğŽɁbh jŷžû ŰŠ ÿŷi ļh ȿžjŭŎh
h i ğ h h û i û h ğ i h h h Šh û Ġ l i h h h ğ
Ōf ɆŌj Š Ĭ‹
b ñĵžŰšů‹ Ǘj jĬ‹ Ĺųj ȣb ˍ ǔŧŏɉ‹ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹
h
q h
l
q h l
i
f ŭńh
űû Ȳj ůŠʆh Ųû įjķ Abʼni Źj Š ɕh bh ƅĵŪj ľbh ĵȯĵŧjŇ Abŋi jŧŵ‹ ̩ űžj
i hh
i
i ğ x û h û i Šh ğ
i Ŭi `? űû Ȳ
h Ǎ űû Ȳ
ŧŵ
=b
ȼ
Ŏ
űû ļŶ
ů ǞŇ űȲj ůə jôĬ‹ Ůž
jŏ
j
j
j
j
ğ
h
h
h
h i ûh
h ši ĸh ȩğ ˔ Aʼnq Ŕĵhũ ˊŋq ŧh Ŏh bh ĵĸɆ
q ŋhũ ĵŗq ŋh Šh `h ǽ źû ɉ ̪ `ź
]ź
ųŰšȩ
j
j
polytheists dislike it. 34 O you who have attained
faith, indeed, many of the rabbis and monks devour
people’s wealths illicitly and bar (others) from the
way of Allah. So those who hoard gold and silver
and do not spend them in the way of Allah—
informsg them of a painful punishment 35 on the day
when theya are heated in the fire of Hell, then their
foreheads and their sides and their backs will be
branded with them: “This is what you hoarded for
yourselves, so taste what you used to hoard.” 36
Indeed, the number of months according to Allah
is twelve months—in the recordb of Allah (since) the
day He created the heavens and the earth, of which
four are inviolable. That is the upright religion. So
dopl not do injustice to yourselves during them, and
combat the polytheists collectively as they combat
you collectively, and know that Allah is with the
mindful (of Him). 37 Indeed, postponing the inviolable
months is but another act of denial by which those
who have denied are led astrayc. They allow it one
year and forbid it another year in order to conform
to the number made inviolable by Allah, thus
permitting what Allah has forbidden. The evil of
their deeds was adorned to them. And Allah does
not guide the denying people. 38 O you who have
attained faith, what is the matter with you that when
it is said to you, “Mobilize in the way of Allah,” you
cling heavily to the earth? Are you content with the
Earlier Life rather than the Hereafter? For the
enjoyment of the Earlier Life compared to the
Hereafter is but little. 39 Unless you mobilize, He
will punish you with a painful punishment and will
replace you with another people, and you will not
harm Him in any way. And Allah is Powerful over
everything. 40 If you do not support him, surely
Allah already supported him when those who
denied evicted him, as he was the second of two in
the cave, when he said to his companion, “Do not
be sad; Allah is surely with us.” So Allah sent down
His tranquility upon him and aided him with troops
you did not see and made the word of those who had
denied the lowest. And the Word of Allah is the
highest d . And Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. 41
Mobilize, light or heavy, and strive with your
The hoarded gold and silver.
Literally ‘scripture’.
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . those who have denied lead (others) astray.”
All the others except Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Khalaf and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . those who have denied go astray.”
Qd
Yaʻqub read it as: “and made the word of those who had denied the lowest and the Word of Allah the highest.”
a
b
127
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
h ğ
h
h i û h h h i ğ Ġ i ûh h û h i h
j Š ɧbh
jźɉ jĬĭjķ `źŧj ŰŅžŎb ô ĹŪŒɉ‹ űŹj žŰŠ DʼnšȨ Ŵü Ȳ
h i ğ h û i h i h h i û i û i h h h û h hh h û h h û
űi Űšû Ȭh Ĭ‹
b űŹŏŧŵ= `źŭj ŰŹȬ űȲšŲ ĵŶŁŋƢ ĵŶšśļŎ‹
h h h h h h iğ h h
h h ğ
h
Š ğ ńh űû Źi ɉ ĺŵj
Ʋ
J= űj ɉ ūŶŠ Ĭ‹ ĵŧȭ ̫ `źiķjŊŠʃů űû Źi ȫj?
h
h û hh û h h l i h h h ğ h h hğhhh
h ȨjŊŠʃ
ů‹ űŰšȩb AźũʼnŔ ŴŽjȑ‹ ūɉ ǻĸȽŽ
ƅ ̬ ǻ
j
h
û
h
û h ğ h i ûh ûh
ğ
`= ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh jĬĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ūŵjŊnZļŏȹ
h
û
h i ğ h û i h û jŠh û h l i Š h i
h Ūļğ ųi ɉĭķ ü űžj
̭ ǻ
b ñűŹj jŏŧŵ=b űŹj ɉʆŲįjķ AbʼnŹj ɲŽ
j j i ŰŠ Ĭ‹
û
h
û h h ğ h i ûh ûh hğ
ğ
ŋjj Ň˖‹ _j źû hȎ‹bh jĬĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ūŵjŊnZļŏȹ ĵųȫj?
hû h
h
h i ğhhh û ûh
û hķĵhĻK‹
i Űi iũ ĺ
û bh
Ȭ űŹj j ĸɆK Ǎj űû Źi ȯ űû Źi Ʌź
źɉbø ̮ `bIIǛ
h h q ğ i i h l Ġ h h h h i iû l i h h
iĬğ ‹ ah ŋŬh ŴȲ
Š
j ɧb CʼnŠ ÿȔ AbʼnŠƁ FbŋƢ‹ AbIAK=
j
hû
û h h û i hğhh û ih h
h ʼnšj Šʂh ûů‹ şh Ųh l Abʼni ši Ȱ‹
źɉ ̯ ŴŽj
ŮžjȰb űŹśĸĿȯ űŹȪĵšjĸ˩‹
h
ğ
l i h û hh q hh
l
i i
h
i
AźšŗbƁb ƅĵĸŇ ƅj? űû ȡbIALh ĵŲğ űȲžjȯ AźŁi ŋh Ň
h û i h i
h iŠğ h û i
i h h
i ğ bh űû Źi h ɉ `ź
Ĭ‹
šʅŎ űȲžjȯbh ĹŶh ļû ŧj ů‹ űi ȲŵźŤĸû Ȭh űû ȲۊʄjŇ
ñ
l iğhh iûh
h û l h
hh
ğ üi h
h ųjۊɾůĭ
AźĸŰũb ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ ĹŶh ļû jŧů‹ Aźi Ťļh Ȩ‹û ʼnj Ūů ̰ ǻ
j
j ķ űžj ŰŠ
h
i
h
ğ
h h
i
h Ɋi Ɓ‹û ū
h û ;h m ĵŁh Ʋ
Š ğ ńh Kź
ɉ
űû Ÿbh jĬ‹ ŋi Ɋû = ŋh Źh ŝbh ŨĠ ơ‹
hh k û h h h k h û i i h ğ i û h
h i Šh
m j j ļŧȩ ƅb Ǔj `Ŋij‹ ^źŪȬ ŴŲ űŹŶjŲb ̱ `ź
Ÿŋj ɦ
ƅɁ ˏ ƴ
h ğ h ğ l h hû û
h û
h Ņ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
`j? ̲ ŴɆ
ůĭjķ ˫śž
j ųi ɉ űh ŶŹh Ł `˯ Aźñ śi ŪŎh jĹŶļjŧů‹ Ǎj
j
h l i i x h i h û i
i
h
i û h x
ʼnû ũ AźɉźŪȬh Ĺĸž
ŕj Ɋ ūĸŕj Ļ `˯ ðűû Ÿİŏi ȶ ĹŶh ŏh ńh ūĸû ŕj Ļ
ğ i
h i l ğ
i h
h
h h mhû h h
Ŵů Ůũ ̳ `źńi ŋj Ŧ űû Ÿbğ Aźůźh ļh Ɇh bh Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĵŵŋh Ɋû = ĵŵŊŇ=
h
ğ hh
i h iğ h hh h ğ mhh i
ĶļŬ ĵŲ ƅj? ĵŶȼžŕj Ž
jĬ‹ ȇbh ô ĵŶh Š Ƌůźû Ɋh źh Ÿ ĵhȍ Ĭ‹
ğ
m
m h
h
û û ğhhhûh
h ûh ûi
cʼnh ńû j ? ƅj? ĵŶh j ķ `źŕi Ʌğ ŋh Ļ ŮŸ Ůũ ̴ `źŶji Ųİųi ɉ‹ Ȥ
j źļžŰŦ
h
h
i h i
i
i ğ űi Ȳ
h h ȫh Ŵi ûƗbh ǻû žh hȿŏû ơ‹
iû
Ĭ‹
ĸžŕj Ž `= űû Ȳjķ œi Ʌğ Ǜ
ˌj
ğ l
i
h ʼnûŽɂh ķ bû h= mĀj aʼnŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk BAŊh šh ķ
h h ȯh ðĵŶŽj
űȲšh Ųh ĵŵj? Aźm ŕi Ʌğ Ǜ
j
j
p j
h
h
l
ğ
h
û
h h
i
h
i
q
h h ŲĠ
Ůĸğ Ūļh Ȭi Ŵů ĵŸŋû Ŭ bû = ȕe źû Śh AźŪjŧŵ= Ůũ ̵ `źŕi j Ʌk Ǜ
h û ihhh hh
i ğ û i
h Ū jŏŠɤh ĵŲq źû hũ űû ļŶ
i Ŭi űû Ȳ
ŵj? űȲŶjŲ
`= űŹšŶŲ ĵŲb ̶ ǻ
j
wealths and yourselves in the way of Allah. That is
better for you, if you only knew. 42 Had the profit
been immediate and the journey shorter, they would
have followed you; but the distance seemed too long
for them. And they will swear by Allah: “Had we
been able, we would have set out with you.” They
ruin themselves, and Allah knows that they are
certainly liars. 43 May Allah pardon you! Why did
you give them permission before it became clear to
you who were the truthful ones and who were the
liars? 44 Those who believe in Allah and the Last
Day do not ask you for exemption from striving
with their wealths and themselves. And Allah is
All-Knowing of the ones mindful (of Him). 45 Rather,
those who ask you for exemption are the ones who
do not believe in Allah and the Last Day, and whose
hearts have doubted so that in their doubt they are
wavering. 46 For had they wanted to set out, they
would have made preparations for it. But Allah
disliked their being sent forth, so He discouraged
them, and it was said, “Stay behind with those
staying behind.” 47 Had they set out with you, they
would have added nothing to you but confusion,
and they would have spread turmoil in your midsta,
seeking to sow discord among you— and some of
you are avid listeners to them. And Allah is AllKnowing of the unjust pl. 48 They have most surely
sought to cause discord in the past and have turned
things upside down for yousg, until the truth came
and the command of Allah prevailed in spite of their
dislike. 49 And of them is one who says, “Exempt
me and do not try me.” Undoubtedly, they have
failed the trial. And Hell will most surely engulf the
deniers. 50 If something good befalls you, it upsets
them. And if a calamity befalls you, they say, “We
took our precautions in advance,” and they turn
away, rejoicing. 51 Say, “Nothing will befall us
except what Allah has prescribed for us; He is our
Patron. And in Allah let the believers place their
trust.” 52 Say, “Are youpl awaiting anything to befall
us other than one of the two excellent things? Well,
we await that Allah should aff lict you with a
punishment from Himself or at our hands. So await;
we are indeed awaiting
with you.” 53 Say, “Whether
you spend willingly or reluctantly, it will not be
accepted from you; indeed, you have been a
defiantly disobedient people.” 54 Yet nothing has
a
By spreading rumors.
128
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
h ûi
hhh
ğh mğ
ğ l hh
j Ŏi ŋh j Ʌbh jĬĭjķ Abŋi ŧȱ űû Źi ȫɁ ƅj? űû Źi ļi Šʂŧȫ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų Ůĸh Ūȩ
ĀjȔź
h Šh h i û i h ğ h Š h ğ h i û h h h
i ğ h i
ŏŬ űŸb ƅj? CźŰŕɉ‹ `źĻɂŽ ƅb
űû Ÿbh ƅj? `źŪjŧŶiŽ ƅbh Ǔĵ
h
h
i h h ûi hh
ğ i h m
h i Šh
ĵųh ȫj? űô û Ÿʼni Š ɧbû = ƅbh űû Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = ūĸû ł
j šȩ ƆŦ ̷ `źŸŋj ɦ
k
i h h h û Ġ Š h hû
i ŋiŽ
i ğ ʼnɆ
j Cźžơ‹ Ǎj ĵŹh j ķ űŹi Ȩjh Ŋšh iȎj Ĭ‹
űû Źi ŏi ŧŵ= Ũh ŸŌû Ļbh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
j
h û iğ ğ h i û hh
h i Šh û i h
i hh û i
űŸ ĵŲb űȲŶųj ɉ űŹȫj? jĬĭjķ `źŧj ŰŅɆb ̸ `bŋjŧɦ űŸb
h h û h h i h ûh
h ih ûh x ûh û iğ hh û i k
bû = ĵnZe ł
ŰɊ `bʼnƒ
j źɉ ̹ `źũŋŧȬ _źũ űŹŶjŭŠɧb űȲŶjŲ
h i h û h û i h û h l û ğ h ğ q h ğ i û h Šh Šh h
űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh ̺ `źŅ
ųƒ űŸb jŷȎj? Aźůźů ƆŇʼnŲ b= Dg ɷʀŲ
l i h hû l i û i û h h h ğ
ğû
h û ğ
űů `˯ AźŗK ĵŹŶjŲ Aźśȭ= `jıŦ ĺ
j Š ɥʼnŕɉ‹ Ǎj ]Ōi ųj ŰhŽ ŴŲ
l
m h l i h û i ğh ûh h
h h
i h m
ĵŲ AźŗK űŹȫɁ źɉb ̻ `źśi ňŏû h ȹ űû Ÿ AJj? ĵŹh Ŷjû Ų Aźû śh šû Ȭi
h Ļİû ži Ŏh Ĭ‹
i ğ ĵŶɀj
i ğ ĵŶh iȼŏû ńh l Aźiɉĵhũbh ÿȔź
i ğ űi Źi Š ƋhĻA;h
i i Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
ŴjŲ Ĭ‹
h m ğ ii i h h
ğ
h
û h
ğ
ĵųh ȫj?ø ̼ `źĸji ţŠɚh jĬ‹ Ǔj? ĵȫj? ÿm Ȕź
ŎKb ĀjŷjŰŘŦ
h h h Šh û h
ğ
i Š ɥh ʼnh ŕɉ‹
Š h ųh û ɉ‹bh j;mAŋh Ūh ŧi ûŰj ɉ ĺ
ĵŹh žû ŰŠ ǻj
Űųj ɿů‹b ǻj
j ŭɹ
hk
hû h
ğ
h h h
h û ii ii hğh iû h
jĬ‹ Ůž
j ũŋɉ‹
j ȝj b űŹɅźŰũ jĹŧůİųɉ‹b
j j ȼŎ ȝj b ǻjŲŋj Š ʀů‹b Bĵ
ğ
k q h h ȼŏɉ‹
ğ Ŵûķ‹bh
i ğ bh jĬ‹
x ŭńh űžj
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
̽ űžj
ñ Ŵjh Ų ĹŘɆŋj Ŧ ˌŮž
j j
j
i ii ûi x ii hi h i ihh ğ ğ h i ûi h ğ i iû h
`J= Ůũ `
ô J= źŸ `źɉźŪɆb Ʊj ȍ‹ `bJİŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ űŹŶjŲb
ğ i ûi û i ğ ûh
h û Kh bh ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ɉ Ŵji Ųİû Ɇi bh jĬĭ
h ȓjğ ků xĹƧ
ŴŽj
j ķ ŴjŲİŽ űȲů Ǟ
p Ň
ğ
l
ğ h ih h i ûi h h û i
f Ŋh Šh űû Źi h ɉ jĬ‹
BA
^źŎK `bJİŽ ŴŽjȑ‹b űô ȲŶjŲ AźŶi ŲAh ;h
h
i i ûi û i h ğ h i ûh
i ğ bh űû ȡź
i i Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
ÿm Ȕź
ŗǞj ů űȲů jĬĭjķ `źŧj ŰƘ ̾ űx Ȏj =
hh
ğh l h
h ŶŲj İû Ɋi l Aźiŵǽh `? aź
i i ûi h Ġ h h
ŴŲh ÿŷi ŵɁ Aźm ųi Űšû Ȭh űû ɉɁ ̿ ǻj
j ŗŋŽ `= Ũń=
h h h
h
h ğ jIjIĵhƘi
h hŵ ÿȔi h `ğ hįhŦ ÿȔź
i h Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
ūj ɉŠə ô ĵŹžj
ȯ AȒq j Š ɗ űh Ŷğ Źh Łh Kĵ
û
h h hğhi h h i h iû i h ûh
i Şj šh ûů‹ di Ōjû Ƣ‹
űû Źj žû ŰŠ ^ǣ
ȩ `= `źŪjŧŠɰųɉ‹ KŊƘ ̀ űž
hi x h i
x ûi hğ ğ lmi ûh û i û ii
Fŋj ƥ Ĭ‹
`j? Ab;Ōj ŹļŎ‹ Ůj ũ űô Źj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ĵųh j ķ űŹi Ĵi j ĸk ȿĻ CKź
Ŏ
h
h
h
û
h
i
h
i
ğ
i
h hû
i i
PźƝ ĵŶğ Ŭ ĵųh ȫj? Ŵğ ůźŪhȎ űû Źi ȋh ɂŎh ŴjɌůbh ́ `bKi Ŋƕ ĵŲğ
h i ûh ûh ûi i
h hh ğ h ûi i hûhh
i
h
h
Š
j ŎKb ĀjŷjļɔA;b jĬĭjķ= Ůũ Ķ
͂ `b;Ōj Źļŏȶ űļŶŬ ĀjȔź
ô šŰŵb
prevented them from their contributions being
accepted except that they have denied Allah and
His Messenger, and that they do not approach the
prayer except lazily, and that they do not spend
except grudgingly. 55 So letsg neither their wealths
nor their children impress you. Indeed, Allah only
wants to punish them thereby in the Earlier Life,
and that their souls depart while they are deniers.
And they swear by Allah that they are most surely
56
of you, but in no way are they of youpl; rather, they
are a terrified people. 57 Were they to find a refuge
or some caverns or any entrance, they would turn
to it, rushing. 58 And of them is the one who
criticizes yousg regarding donations. Yet if theya are
given some of it, they are content; but if they are not
given any of it, they are promptly angered. 59 Yet if
only they were content with what Allah and His
Messenger had brought them and said, “Allah is
sufficient for us; Allah will bring to us of His grace,
as will His Messenger; indeed to Allah we turn
wishfully.” 60 Indeed, donations are only for the
poor and the destitutepl and those who administer
them and for those whose hearts are reconciled and
for freeing slavesb and for the debt-ridden ones and
in the way of Allah and for the homeless traveler—
an obligation from Allah. And Allah is AllKnowing, All-Wise. 61 And of them are those who
hurt the Prophet and say, “He is just an ear.” Saysg,
“An ear of goodness for youc. He has faith in Allah
and he has faith in the believers and is a mercyd for
those of you who have attained faith. And those
who hurt the Messenger of Allah—for them is a
painful punishment. 62 They swear to youpl by Allah
to please you. Yet, Allah and His Messenger are
worthier of their pleasing Hime, if they are believers.
Have they not come to know that whoever
63
opposes Allah and His Messenger—that for him
then is the fire of Hell, abiding therein? That is the
great disgrace. 64 The hypocrites worry lest a surahf
be bestowed from on high upong them, informing
them of what is in their hearts. Saysg, “Gopl on
ridiculing; indeed, Allah is sure to bring out what
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
b
Literally ‘necks’.
c
Meaning ‘He listens for your own good’.
Qd
Hamza read it as: “. . . and in mercy for those of you . . .”
e
A grammatical shift from plural to singular.
f
Each portion of the Qur’an is called a ‘surah’, which is sometimes translated as ‘chapter’.
Qg
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . lest a surah be sent down to them . . .”
a
129
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
i h hûh iûhh ûh l i hûh h
h i ğ
ŴŠ ťšû ȫ `j? űô û Ȳj ŶŠʅŽ
j ? ʼnšȨ űĻŋŧȱ ʼnũ AbKjŊļšȩ ƅ
h
ûi l i h û iğ
h m h û k hi û i k h m h
h Ųŋƣ
̓ ǻj
j Aźŵǽ űŹȫɂjķ ˬŧjɋĵŚ BjŊšȫ űȲŶjŲ pĹŧjɋĵŚ
û
h
ûh k i i ûh i h h iû h h i h iû
`bŋi Ɋi įhŽ Ŗ
ˏ p šȨ Ŵü Ųj űŹŘšȨ ĺŠʂjŧŠɰųɉ‹b `źŪjŧŠɰųɉ‹
l ih û ih ûh h i ûhh
h û
û û h h û
Aźŏȸ űô ŹȬjʼnŽɁ `źŘjĸŪɆb [b
j ŋi šųh ɉ‹ Ŵj Š `źû Źh ŶɆh bh ŋj ŭŶųi ɉĭjķ
h i Šhû i i h Šh iû ğ û i h h h h ğ
i ğ ʼnh Šh bh ̈́ `ź
Ĭ‹
Ū jŏʁů‹ űŸ ǻjŪjŧɰųɉ‹ `j? űô Źž jŏȿŦ Ĭ‹
i û h Šh Šh iû h h Šh iû
h ȯ ŴŽj
h hŵ Kĵ
h ŧğ ŭ
h Ȓj Š ɗh űh Ŷğ Źh Łh Kĵ
ů‹b ĺ
ô ĵŹžj
j ʂjŧɰųɉ‹b ǻjŪjŧɰųɉ‹
ğ
h
h
x h h û i h iğ i ihhhh û ii û h h
x jŪŲĠ BA
h ȑĭŬ ͅ űž
ŊŠ űŹɉb ðĬ‹ űŹŶšůb űô Źĸŏń Ǘj
ŴŽj
q h ûh hh û hh qği û i
h h lmi h û i ûh
ğ
Š
ƅʆŲ= ǜȱ=b Cźũ űȲŶjŲ ʼnő= Aźŵǽ űȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ
i Šh h i û h û h û h û Šh h l i h û h û h q Šh û h h
hĵųŬh űû Ȳ
jŪʄƚj űļšļųļŎĭŦ űŹj jŪʄƚj AźšļųļŎĭŦ Aʼnɧb=b
ğ h ûi û i h û hh
h
i
û
h ȑ‹ğ şh ļh ųû ļh Ŏ‹
djȑĭŬ űļŘŇb űŹj Ūj Š ʄƚj űȲj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
i û h û h h h hli lm i h
ûĠ
jˌCŋjh Ň˖‹bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj űû Źi ۊʅh Š= ĺ
śjĸń ūjɌʤĢ b= Aźô ŗĵŇ
û
h
i
h i Šh û i i h Ģhlih
h ȑ‹ğ įĸh ȫh űû ŹjĻįhŽ űû h ɉɁ ͆ `b
ŴjŲ ŴŽj
Ǫj ɴů‹ űŸ ūjɌʤb=b
j
h
h û h h h û û h h h i h h h h p iŵ _j źû hũ űû ŹŰĸû Ȱh
Ķ
jj
j ŠɳŔ=b űžjŸŠɷķj? _j źũb IźųȪb Ip ȕb Gź
h
h h û iû h h h û h
h h h Šh khû
i i i i û i û h j Šʃ
`ǽ ĵųh ȯ ĺ
ˏ jŧĻİųɉ‹b ŴȬʼnŲ
ˌ j ɰjžȊĭjķ űŹŰŎK űŹļȩɁ ĺ
h
û
û iğ
h
i h l i h
͇ `źųji ŰŞȬh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= Aźm ŵǽ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh űû Źi ųjh ŰŞhȎj Ĭ‹
û
h i û iû h
h
û Ȩh ;i m ĵȎh j bû h= űû Źi Ři šû Ȩh ĺ
i Šɰjh Ųİû ųi û ɉ‹bh `ź
ŶjŲİųɉ‹b
`bŋi Ɋi įhŽ Ŗ
š
ˏ p
h i ih h iû
h h ğ
h h û
û û
CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
`źųž
j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ
jŪɆb ŋj ŭŶųɉ‹ Ŵj Š `źû Źh ŶɆh bh [b
h i ih hŠh ğ
h iû
h h i ih i h h hğ
śj Ɇb CźŬŌɉ‹ `źĻİɆi bh
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ÿm ô Ȕź
ŎKb Ĭ‹ `źšž
ihǞ
û h Ŏh
h ğ `ğ ? Ĭ‹
i ğ űi Źi Ƨ
i ğ ʼnh Šh bh ͈ űžj
x ŭńh ŌɆ
f ŌŠh Ĭ‹
Ĭ‹
j ñ
j
ûh û
ûh
ğh
ûh
h û û h û û
ŋi Š ʇh ŵƁ‹ ĵŹh j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə ĺ
j ŠɰjŲİųi ɉ‹bh ǻj ŶŲj İųi ɉ‹
p Š ɰŁ ĺ
q
x û
h Šğ h
h ȯ ŴŽj
h Ȓj Š ɗh
Š h Ųh bh ĵŹžj
`Šʆh ŗjKbh `ˏ p ʼnû Š ĺ
j ɰŁ Ǎj Ĺĸh j žk Śh Ŵh Ȳ
j ɹ
h h
û h ğ h k
ihȱ
ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
i Şj šh ûů‹ Li źû ŧh ů‹û źh Ÿi ūjh ɉŠəh ôǚ
Ġ ȍ‹
Ģ ͉ űž
= jĬ‹ ŴjŲ
Ʊ
j û
û
h
i
û
i
h û
h ŪŧŠɰh ųi ɉ‹bh Kĵ
h ŧğ ŭûů‹ ʼnj ŹŠɕh
űû Źi Š Ɗbh įŲh bh űô û Źj žû ŰŠ ŜŰţ‹bh ǻ
jj
j
û
l
h
i
h
h
h
ğ h i û
i ŕj ųh ɉ‹ ōh Ȼû Ʌbh ðűi Ŷğ Źh Łh
ʼnû Ūůbh Aźɉĵũ ĵŲh jĬĭjķ `źŧj ŰƘ ͊ Ǟ
j
you are afraid of.” 65 And if yousg ask them, they will
most surely say, “Indeed, we were but blundering
and playing.” Say, “Were youpl ridiculing Allah and
His signs and His Messenger?” 66 Do not make
excuses. You have surely denied after having
attained faith. If We pardona a faction of you, We
will punish another faction because they were
criminals. 67 The hypocritical men and the
hypocritical women are of one another. They
command to what is deplorable and forbid what is
fair and they withhold their hands; they forgot
Allah, so He forgot them. Indeed, the hypocrites are
the ones who are defiantly disobedient. 68 Allah has
promised the hypocritical men and the hypocritical
women, as well as the deniers, the fire of Hell,
abiding therein; it is sufficient for them. And Allah
has cursed them, and for them is a perpetual
punishment. 69 Like those before you: they were
more powerful than you and had more wealths and
children, so they enjoyed their share and you
enjoyed your share as those before you enjoyed their
share, and you blundered as they blundered. It is
those whose deeds were nullified in the Earlier (Life)
and in the Hereafter, and those are the losers. 70 Has
not the story of those before them come to them?
The people of Noah and ʻĀd and Thamûd, and the
people of Abraham, and the inhabitants of Midian
and the Overturned Citiesb? Their messengers came
to them with evident proofs, for never would Allah
do them any injustice, but to themselves they used
to do injustice. 71 And the believing men and the
believing women are guardians of one another.
They command to what is fair and forbid what is
deplorable and establish the prayers and bringc the
purifying charity d and obey Allah and His
Messenger. Those—Allah will have mercy on
them. Indeed, Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. 72 Allah
has promised the believing men and the believing
women Gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding
therein, and good homes in the Gardens of Eden.
But good pleasure from Allah is (even) greater; that
is the great triumph. 73 O Prophet, strive against the
deniers and the hypocrites and be stern with them,
is Hell—and what a miserable
for their shelter
destiny! 74 They swear by Allah that they said
All except ʻAsem read it as: “If a faction of you is pardoned . . .”
The Overturned Cities of the people of Lot.
c
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
d
The Arabic word used is zakāt, which denotes purification and growth.
Qa
b
130
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
l hh ûi û h h l i h
l h
h
h
űû ɉ ĵųh j ķ AźųĠ Ÿbh űû Źj ųj Š ʄŎû j ? ʼnh šû Ȩh Abŋi ŧȡbh ŋj ŧȲů‹ Ĺųjh ǿ Aźɉĵũ
i ğ űi Źi Š ƋŶh Ȯû h= `û h= mƅğ ? l Aźm ųi Ūh ȫh ĵŲh bh l Aźô i ɉĵŶh Ȭh
i i Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
ŴjŲ ÿȔź
j
l
ğ
ğ
k
û h
i h l i ih h
q û Ňh ū
űi Źi Ȩjû Ŋšh Ȭi Aźû ůźh ļh Ȭh `˯ ðűû Źi ɉ ˊǞ
Ž AźɅźļȬ `jıŦ ĀjôŷjŰŘŦ
hû
h h h iğ
h
ûĠ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû Źi ɉ ĵŲh bh ˏj Cŋjh Ň˖‹bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj ĵųq Ȏj = ĵeķAŊŠ Ĭ‹
P˱
h hğ h hŠh û ğ i û h
h hh k h
h
ĵŶh Š ȺĻA;h Ŵû j Ɍů Ĭ
‹ ʼnŹɢ ŴŲ űŹŶjŲbø ͋ Ǟ
ŕ
j
p j b ŴjŲ
p ŵ ƅb Ƞ
h
h
mğhh
i
ğ h ğ h h h ğ h ğ ğ h
û h
h Ņjۊɻů‹
ĵųŰŦ ͌ ǻ
ŴjŲ Ŵȫźŭȍb ŴȰʼnŕȍ ĀjŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ
j
l i h
h i
û h
h
i l ğ h
͍ `źŗŋj šû ŲĠ űŸbğ Aźůźh Ļbh Ājŷjķ AźŰjƚ ĀjŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲk űŹi Š ƋĻA;h
l i h û h m h i h û h û h û h Šh û i i
q h û ihh û hh
j
AźŧŰŇ= ĵųjķ ÿŷŵźŪŰŽ _źŽ Ǔj? űŹj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ĵȰĵŧj ŵ űŹĸŪȭįŦ
ğ h lm i h û h ûhh
h
û l i h
hğ
i ʼni Šh bh ĵŲh Ĭ‹
`= AźųŰšȬ űɉɁ ͎ `źiķjŊȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j Ʌbh ab
hğ
h ğ `ğ h=bh űû Źi Š Ɗźh ûƑh bh űû Ÿi Ǧ
i Ťi ûů‹ űi Š ʄğ Šh Ĭ‹
ğ j űi hŰšû Ȭh Ĭ‹
͏ Bź
ž
j
û h
û h ğ
h h ğ
h û û
h
ĺ
ȑ‹
j Š ɥʼnŕɉ‹ Ǎj ǻj ŶŲj İųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ǻjȭjźk śğ ųi ɉ‹ `bŌi ųj ŰhŽ ŴŽj
ğ h
h h h ğ h
û h h û hh i h û
ŋh ň
j Ŏh űû Źi ŶjŲ `bŋi ňŏɀŦ űû ŸʼnŹŁi ƅj? `bʼni ƒ
j ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹b
h f h h û ih h û i û iğ
h h h
û û
ŊŠ űŹɉb űŹŶjŲ Ĭ‹
ƅ bû = űû Źi ɉ ŋû jŧŤļh Ŏ‹
͐ űf Ȏj = BA
h šĸû Ŏh űû Źi h ɉ ŋû ŧŤû ļh ŏû h ȶ `? űû Źi h ɉ ŋû ŧŤû ļh ŏû h ȶ
i ğ ŋh jŧŤû Ȭh ŴhŰhŦ Cq ŋğ Ɋh ǻ
Ĭ‹
j
j
j
j
h
h iğ h
ğ h h h
ğ l hh
j Ŏi Kh bh jĬĭjķ Abŋi ŧȱ űû Źi ȫɂjķ ūj ɉŠə űô û Źi ɉ
djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
b ĀjñȔź
h
û h iğ h û
h h
h Ū jŏŠʁh ûů‹ _h źû Ūh ûů‹
ťŠʄjŇ űjû Ÿʼnj šh Ūųh j ķ `źŧŰňųi ɉ‹ Gh ŋj Ŧ ͑ ǻ
j
h
h
h
l
i
ğ
h iŽ `= l Aźm Ÿi ŋȡh bh jĬ‹
ih
Ǎj űû Źj jŏŧŵ=bh űû Źj j ɉŠʆh Ųû įjķ Abʼni Źj Šɲ
^ź
j ŎK
j
hh
ğ
h
i hŵ Ůû iũ ñ ŋk ơ‹
h û Ǎj l Abŋi jŧŶhĻ ƅh l Aźiɉĵhũbh jĬ‹
ʼnĠ ő= űh Ŷğ Źh Łh Kĵ
Ůž
j
j j ȼŎ
l i ûhû h q h l i h û hûh
h hû l i h ğ q
AźŭĸȎb Ɔžj Űũ AźŭŅŘžŰŦ ͒ `źŹi ŪŧȬh Aźŵǽ źû ů ˊô ŋk ńh
h iğ h h h ğ h
m
h
û l i h
q j ĿŬh
ǓŠ j ? Ĭ‹
ūšŁK `jıŦ ͓ `źĸi jŏȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ü ;h AŌh Łh ˊǞ
i û h ih ûh û h û iûk h m h
h j Ųh l AźŁi ŋi ûƛh Ŵůğ ŮŪi ȯh Fb
j ŋi ňŰj ɉ ]ź
ŵŊnZļŎĭŦ űŹŶjŲ pĹŧjɋĵŚ
Nj
h ğh i iû i h û i ğ ĝ i h h h l i Šhi h h qhh
^b= jIźšŪůĭjķ űļžŗ
j K űȲŵj? ðˑbʼnŠ Njj Ų AźŰjļʂĻ Ŵůb AʼnķɁ
h
h
h û h h l iiû h ğh
h ŧjۊɴ
Ģ h Ůk ŕh iĻ ƅh bh ͔ ǻ
ů‹ şŲ AbʼnšȰĭŦ p ˅ŋɊ
űŹi Ŷjû Ųk ʼnp ńh = ȇ
j
j
h
l
h h û iğ m ûh Š h û ih hh qhh h ğ
ğ
i
jĬĭjķ Abŋŧȱ űŹȫj? ĀjðajǚȰ ȇ űŪȩ ƅb AʼnķɁ DĵŲ
nothing, but they did say the word of blasphemya
and they denied after their submissionb and they
advanced towards what they could not attain. And
they were resentful only because Allah and His
Messenger enriched them out of Hisc grace. So if
they repent, it would be better for them; but if they
turn away, Allah will punish them with a painful
punishment in the Earlier (Life) and in the Hereafter.
And on earth they have neither ally nor supporter.
And of them is one who made a covenant with
75
Allah: “If He does bring us of His grace, we will
most surely donate and we will most surely be of
the righteous.” 76 But when He brought them of His
grace, they became stingy with it and turned away
in disregard. 77 So as a consequence, He caused
hypocrisy to be in their hearts until the day they
encounter Him—because they broke their promise
to Allah and because they used to lie. 78 Have they
not come to know that Allah knows their secret and
private conversations, and that Allah is the Superb
Knower of the hidden realms? 79 Those who
backbite the ones who give donations voluntarily
from among the believers and the ones who find
nothing (to give) except their own efforts, so they
ridicule them—Allah has ridiculed them and for
them is a painful punishment. 80 Asksg forgiveness
for them or do not ask forgiveness for them— (even)
if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah
will not forgive them. That is because they have
denied Allah and His Messenger. And Allah does
not guide the defiantly disobedient people. 81 Those
who lagged behind were happy to stay behind (in
defiance of) the Messenger of Allah, and they hated to
strive with their wealths and themselves in the way
of Allah, and they said, “Do not mobilize in the
heat.” Saysg, “The fire of Hell is much hotter, if they
only comprehended.” 82 So let them laugh a little,
and (then) let them weep much in repayment for what
they used to earn. 83 So if Allah ever returns yousg
back to a faction of them and they ask your
permission to go out, then say, “You will not set out
with me, ever, nor will you combat any enemy with
me; you were indeed content with staying behind
stay behind with those who lag
the first time, so
behind.” 84 And do not praysg (the funeral prayer) over
a
b
c
The Arabic word kufr means ‘denial’, ‘blasphemy’ or ‘ingratitude’.
Literally ‘after they became Muslims’.
A grammatical shift from plural to singular.
131
PART 10. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
i h h ûi hh
h i h û ih l i hh
j Ŏi Kh bh
űû Źi ɉŠʆh Ųû = ūĸû ł
j šȩ ƅb ͕ `źŪ jŏŠɤ űŸb AźĻĵŲb ĀjȔź
h iğ i i h ğ û i i hûhh
k
ûĠ
ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj ĵŹh j ķ űŹi Ȩjh Ŋšh Ȭi `= Ĭ‹
ʼnɆŋj Ž ĵųȫj? űô ŸʼnŠɧb=b
û h h i û h i mh
h i Šh û i h û i i i h h h ûh h
`= Cf Kź
Ŏ ĺůŌŵ
=
A
J˯
͖
`b
ŋjŧɦ űŸb űŹŏŧŵ= ŨŸŌĻb
j
i
l
l
i
ğ l
h h h nû h û
ğ Aźɉbl = ū
j Ŏi Kh şh Ųh Abʼni Źj Š ɕh bh jĬĭj ķ AźŶji ŲA;h
^j źû śů‹
ŵŊZļŎ‹ jȔź
h l i
i h hûh l i hh û iû
h ʼnjšŠʂh ûů‹ şh Ųğ ŴȲ
ŵ ĵŵKJ Aźɉĵũb űŹŶjŲ
`įjķ AźŗKh ͗ ŴŽj
h û i h û i i Šh h h i h
i h
h û şh Ųh l AźiŵźȲ
ƅ űŹȯ űŹj j ɅźŰũ ȇ şjĸŚb ťjj ůAźh Ƣ‹
Ž
l i hŠh i h h l ih h h ğ h i i ğ
hŠ
h hû
AbʼnŹɕ ÿŷšŲ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹b ^źŎŋɉ‹ Ŵj Ȳ
j ɧ ͘ `źŹi ŪŧȬh
h Ģ h l i h i Šh û hû i i h h Ģ h l i h û i h h û Šh û h
iűŸi ū
j Ɍʤb=b ðDɷžƢ‹ űŹɉ ūjɌʤb=b űô Źj jŏŧŵ=b űŹj j ɉʆŲįjķ
h
h i ûiû
hĵŹjļûƕ ŴjŲ dŋûƏh ĺŠɰğ Łh űû Źi h ɉ Ĭ‹
i ğ ʼnğ Šh h= ͙ `ź
Ņj Űŧųɉ‹
p
j
h
û
û
mh h h
h
h ȯ ŴŽj
h Ȓj Š ɗh ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹û
i Şj šh ů‹ Li źû ŧh ů‹ ūjh ɉŠə ô ĵŹžj
;ĵŁb ͚ űž
h
l i h h h ğ h h h h û ih h h û i
h i k h iû
h Šû Ɓ‹û Ŵjh Ų `b
AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ʼnšȰb űŹɉ `JİȎj BA
ŋ
KjŊšųɉ‹
j
h
h h ğ i
hğ
f Ŋh Šh űû Źi Ŷjû Ų l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
i h Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ‹
űx Ȏj = BA
ŴŽjȑ‹ Ķžŕj ži Ŏh ÿô Ȕź
hh hh Š h û hû hh hh m hh Ġ hh h ûğ
h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
ƅb ǂŋųɉ‹ ȇ ƅb j;ĵŧšŘɉ‹ ȇ ōɀů ͛
ŴŽj
ğ l i h h h f h h h i i h h i h h
j Ŏi Kh bh jĬj AźŅ
ĵŲh ĀjôȔź
ŕŵ AJj? Fŋń `źŪjŧŶŽ ĵŲ `bʼnƒ
j ƅ
hh
hh h
û ųi û ɉ‹ ȇ
h ȿ jŏŅ
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ
i ğ ‹bh ŮžȼŎh ŴjŲ ǻ
x ńKğ Kź
ȇ ƅbh ͜ űžj
j
ˏp j
h mh h ûi û ih û h ûhh m h h
i i ûh m
h jȋ ]źĻɁ ĵŲ AJ? ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ
űû ȲŰjƧ= ĵŲh ʼni Ł
=
ƅ
ĺ
Ű
ũ
ű
Ź
Ű
ų
Ņ
j
j
j
l i h ğh e h h û ğ h
i h û iii û hğ l ğhh ûh h
Abʼnƒ
j ƅɁ ĵŵŌń jşŲȐ‹ ŴjŲ ŖžjŧĻ űŹŶžȭ=b AźůźĻ jŷžŰŠ
hh i ğ h ğ
h i
h h i
h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
Ůžjȼŏɉ‹ ĵųȫj?ø ͝ `źŪjŧŶiŽ ĵŲh
ūŵźŵjŊnZû ļh ŏû h ȹ ŴŽj
i h h l i h imh û h û i h
h û şh Ųh l AźiŵźȲ
i ğ şh ĸh Śh bh ťjj ůAźh Ƣ‹
Ĭ‹
Ž `įjķ AźŗK ô ;ĵžj Ŷţ= űŸb
h h
h
h
i i Šh h
h i
h
h
AJj? űû ȲûȎj? `bKji Ŋļh šû Ȭh ͞ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Źi ȯ űû Źj j ɅźŰũ ȇ
h
hh h h i h
h ğ i
ûĠ h l
ĵŵɂĸğ ȫ ʼnû ũ űû Ȳů Ŵjh Ųİŵ Ŵů AbKji Ŋļh šû ȩ ƅ Ůũ űô û Źj ûȎj? űû ļi šû Łh Kh
i ii i h h û i h h h iğ
h h Ŏh bh űû ȡi Kĵĸh Ňû h= Ŵjû Ų Ĭ‹
iğ
űğ Ȫ ÿȔź
ŎKb űȲŰųȭ Ĭ‹ cǞ
ô j
i i k h i h j h Šh ğ h û h û Š h Šh h Ġ h i
i Ŭi ĵųh ķ űȲ
űû ļŶ
Ĵjĸȿžȯ CʼnʇŒɉ‹b Ķ
j
j žŤů‹ űjj Űɢ Ǔj? `bIŋĻ
h
h
h
h
h
h i û h h
h i h
ğ
i
űû Źj Ȏû j ? űû ļi ĸû ŰŪŵ‹ AJj? űû Ȳů jĬĭjķ `źŧj ŰŅ
žŎ ͟ `źŰųh šû ȩ
anyone of them who has died, ever, nor stand at his
graveside; they have indeed denied Allah and His
Messenger and have died while def iantly
disobedient. 85 And do not let their possessions and
their children impress you. Indeed, Allah wants to
punish them thereby in the Earlier (Life), and that
their souls depart while they are deniers. 86 And
when a suraha is sent down (stating): “Believepl in
Allah and strive with His Messenger,” the
prominent among them ask you for an exemption,
and they say, “Let us be with those who stay
behind.” 87 They were content to be with those who
lag behind, and their hearts have been sealed, so
they do not comprehend. 88 But the Messenger and
those who have attained faith with him have striven
with their wealths and themselves. And for those
there is all what is good, and those are the successful
ones. 89 Allah has prepared for them Gardens
beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide; that
is the great triumph. 90 And those of the nomadic
Arabs who made excuses came to ask for an
exemption, while those who lied to Allah and His
Messenger stayed behind. A painful punishment
will befall those of them who have denied. 91 There
is no blame on the weak ones nor on the sick ones
nor on those who find nothing to spend, provided
they are true to Allah and His Messenger. In no way
should the ones who excel in doing good be blamed,
and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 92
Nor (is there any blame) on those who, when they
approached yousg to (provide them with horses to) carry
them (and) you said, “I cannot find anything to carry
you on,” turned away, their eyes overflowing with
tears, grieving for not finding the means to spend.
Indeed, blameb is only on those who ask you to
93
exempt them, although they are rich. They were
content to be with those who lag behind, and Allah
has sealed their hearts, so they do not know. 94 They
present excuses to youpl when you come back to
them. Saysg, “Do not make excuses—we will not
believe you; Allah has certainly informed us of
your news. And Allah will see your deeds, as will
His Messenger; then you will be returned to the
Knower of the hidden
realm and the manifest, and
He will inform you of what you used to do.” 95 They
will swear by Allah to youpl when you return to
a
b
Each portion of the Qur’an is called a ‘surah’, which is sometimes translated as ‘chapter’.
Literally ‘way’: a way leading to punishment.
132
PART 11. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
û
x Łû K űû Źi ȫğ ? űû Źi Ŷû ȭh l Aźŗi ŋŠû hįhŦ űû Źi Ŷû ȭh l Aźŗi ŋšû i jȋ
űû Źi Š Ɗbh įŲh bh ō
ð
j ð
ð j
j
j
h i û h l i h h üh m h h i ğ h h
iû h h i û h
űȲů `źŧj ŰƘ ͠ `źĸ jŏȲŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ ;AŌŁ űŶŹŁ
h Š h ûh h hğ ğ h û iû h lû h ûh h û iû h lû h ûh
ŋŽ ƅ Ĭ‹ `jıŦ űŹŶȭ AźŗŋĻ `jıŦ ðűŹŶȭ AźŗǛj ů
Ŵj Š ǂ
h
q h
ûi
hh i hûhû
h Ū jŏŠʁh ûů‹ _j źû Ūh ûů‹
Ki ʼnh Łû =bh ĵȰĵŧj ŵbh ˊŋq ŧȱ ʼnĠ ő= BA
ŋŠƁ‹ ͡ ǻ
j
h
h
h
m
h i i l i h û h ğh
i ğ bh ĀjȔź
i h Š h Ĭ‹
i ğ ^Ōŵ
h = ĵŲh Ib
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
űžj
ʼnń AźųŰšȬ ƅɁ
ñ j ŎK ȇ
h
û
i ğh h
û
x h
h h
hû
ĵŲq ŋh ŤŲh Ũi jŧŶiŽ ĵŲh Ŋň
j ļȬ ŴŲ BA
j ŋŠƁ‹ ŴjŲb ͢ űžjŭń
i
ğ űi Ȳ
ğ iCŋh ɋmAIh űû Źžû Űh Šh ŋh ɋmAbh Ȑ‹
i ğ bh j;źû ŏɉ‹
i ğhhhh
f ųj Ŏh Ĭ‹
şž
ôj
ˍ
j ķ œɅǛɆb
j
j
û h ğ i ûi h
ûhû h h
x h
û
h
h
j
ŋjj Ň˖‹ _źȎ‹b jĬĭjķ ŴjŲİŽ ŴŲ BA
j ŋŠƁ‹ ŴjŲb ͣ űžj ŰŠ
m hh
ğ h
h i i i h i ļğ Ɇh bh
i ğ j Š ʆh hŰŔh bh jĬ‹
ƅɁ ˏ ^ź
ʼnŶjŠ ĺ
j
g Š ɐŋi ũ ŨjŧŶŽ ĵŲ Ŋň
j Ŏŋɉ‹ D
ğ
i
h
x
i
hûh
h ğ `ğ ? mĀjŷjļƧ
x ŧi Ȯ Ĭ‹
iğ i i ûi h û i hû hğ
Kź
j ô K Ǎj Ĭ‹ űŹŰjŇʼnžŎ űô Źɉ ĹɅŋũ ĵŹȫj?
h iğhû h i Šğ h
h hƁ‹û bh ŴɆ
x ńKğ
h ŋłŠʇh ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų `ź
Kĵ
ŕŵ
ɉbƁ‹ `źŪjĸɹů‹b ͤ űžj
j
j j
h l i
h iğ h j ğ Šh û
i ğ h ğ h
ŷi Ŷû ȭ AźŗKh bh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ Ĭ
‹ ǂK Ŵp ɹńjıjȨ űŸźši ĸh ȩ‹ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b
h
h
q m h h Š h i Šhû û h h ûh
ûh Šğ h û ih ğ h hh
ȯ ŴŽjȒj ɗ ŋʇŵƁ‹ ĵŹļƕ dŋj Ə ĺ
ôˑʼnhķɁ ĵŹžj
p ɰŁ űŹɉ ʼnŠ=b
hû û k i h û h û ğ h
h
i hû i û hû h h
h
BA
j ŋŠƁ‹ ŴjŲ űȲůźń ŴųjɊb ͥ űžŞj šů‹ Lźŧů‹ ūj ɉŠə
hh l i h h h hû
h
hk
û h û h h i Šh i
ȇ
Ab
I
ŋ
Ɋ
Ĺ
j
ŶŽj
ʼn
ų
ɉ‹
Ů
Ÿ
ƅ \ĵ
ŧj
ȍ‹
j
j = ŴjŲb ð`źŪjŧɰŲ
h h Ġ
i ûh ğ ğ ii k hi h û i ih û h i ûh û i ih û h
ǓŠ j ? `bIŋh iŽ űğ Ȫ ǻ
j ȩŋŲ űŹȨjŊšŶŎ űô ŹųŰšȫ ŴƗ ðűŹųŰšȩ
l ih h û ii l ihh û h i h h h
h h
h
AźśŰŇ űŹj j ɅźŵŊjķ AźŦǛȭ‹ `bŋŇA;b ͦ ˈž
p Şj Š BA
g ŊŠ
h h h ih h iğ
h q h
h
h
űô û Źj žû ŰŠ Bź
ļȬ `= Ĭ‹ ƿh Š ĵĴe j kɀŎh ŋh ŇA;h bh ĵŅjq ۊɞ Ɔųh ȭ
h
û i
i qh
i
h ğ `ğ ?
x ŧi Ȯh Ĭ‹
f ńKğ Kź
űû Ÿŋi Źj k śh ȩ Ĺũʼnh Ŕh űû Źj j ɉŠʆh Ųû = Ŵjû Ų ŊŇ ͧ űžj
j
k
ğ
h
h
i
h h h hŠ h ğ û û h k h h h
i ğ ‹bh űû Źi ɉ Ŵx Ȳ
Ŏ ūĻźŰŔ `j? ðűŹj žŰŠ Ůj Ŕb ĵŹjķ űŹj žj ȡŌh Ļbh
Ĭ
ñ
h h ğ ih û h h i hğ ğ h lm i h û h ûhh
f ųj Ŏh
f ŰŠh şž
Ŵû ȭ ĹɅh źû ȋ‹
ŮĸŪȬ źŸ Ĭ‹ `= AźųŰšȬ űɉɁ ͨ űžj
h h ğ i i û
h ğ `ğ h=bh ĺ
i źğ ȋ‹
ğ źh Ÿi Ĭ‹
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ BA
űžj
j Š ɥʼnŕɉ‹ ŊŇįɆh bh Āj ajIĵĸjh Š
i
û
i hh h iğ
h h ŏh hŦ l AźiŰųh ȭ‹
i i Ŏi Kh bh űû Ȳ
ÿȔź
Űųȭ Ĭ‹ cǞ
Ůj ũbh ͩ
h h Ġhi h h h i û iû h
ğ
h
ûhû
j Cʼnh Š ʇh Œɉ‹bh Ķ
j žŤů‹ űjj ۊɢ ǓŠ j ? `bIǛŎb ð`źŶjŲİųɉ‹b
them so that you may disregard them, so disregard
them; they are an abomination and their shelter is
Hell—a repayment for what they used to earn. 96
They sweara to you so that you may be well pleased
with them. But even if you become well pleased
with them, Allah is indeed never pleased with the
defiantly disobedient people. 97 The nomadic Arabs
are more steeped in denial and hypocrisy, and more
likely not to know the limits of what Allah has sent
down upon His Messenger. And Allah is AllKnowing, All-Wise. 98 And of the nomadic Arabs
is one who considers whatever he spends to be a
fine, and he awaits for a reversal of your fortunes.
May the cycle of misfortune fall upon them! And
Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. 99 Yet of the
nomadic Arabs is one who believes in Allah and the
Last Day and considers whatever he spends to be (a
means towards) closeness to Allah and the prayers of
the Messenger. Undoubtedly, it does draw themb
closer. Allah will enter them into His mercy. Indeed,
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 100 And
the Pioneers—the first of the Emigrantsc and the
Supporters d and those who followed them in
righteousness—Allah became well pleased with
them and they became well pleased with Him, and
He has prepared for them Gardens beneath which
rivers flow, wherein they abide forever; that is the
great triumph. 101 And of the nomadic Arabs around
you there are hypocrites, and among the inhabitants
of Madinah (too); they have become adamant in
hypocrisy. You do not know them; We know them.
We will punish them twice, then they will be
returned to a great punishment. 102 And (there are)
others who have confessed their misdeeds—having
mixed a righteous deed with another evil one—in
the hope that Allah will grant them repentance and
accept it from them. Indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 103 Takesg a donation from their
wealths to sanctify them and purify them with, and
pray for them; indeed, your prayere is (a source of) rest
for them. And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Have they not come to know that Allah is the One
104
Who accepts repentance from His servants, and
takes the donations,
and that Allah is the Granter
A grammatical shift from future tense to present tense.
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
c
The first generation of Muslims who migrated from Makkah to Madinah.
d
The inhabitants of Madinah who supported the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Qe
All except Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “indeed, your prayers are . . .”
a
b
133
PART 11. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
h h
h
h h
h i h i i h
i
`źû Łh ŋû Ɋi `bŋi ŇA;h bh ͪ `źŰųh šû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ űȲĴi j ĸk ȿži ȯ
h
ğ
ğ űû Źi Ȩji Ŋk šh Ȭi ĵŲğ ? jĬ‹
i ğ bh űû Źžû hŰŠh Bź
i ļi Ȭh ĵŲ˯
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
űžj
ŋj Ɋû Ɓj
ñ j
j
ğ h ğ h
ûi
h ûh
x ŭńh
h j Aʼnq łŏû Ɋh l AbŊi hƛ‹
ˋüŪɆŋj ŧȩbh ˊŋq ŧȡbh ˊKAq ǰ
ŴŽjȑ‹b ͫ űžj
j
q h û h û iû hûh
h ğ ‹ Bh Kĵ
h ńh Ŵû ųjh k ɉ AIĵ
i h Ŏi Kh bh Ĭ
ŴjŲ ÿȔź
ŔK˯ ǻj ŶŲj İųɉ‹ ǻȨ
û
ğ
m
û iğ h Šh û i
ğ
hû h û
i û hh h iûh
űû Źi ȫj? ʼni Źh Œhȹ Ĭ‹
b ˌƴŏơ‹ ƅj? ĵŵIKh = `j? Ŵğ ŧj ŰŅ
Ȏb ô ŮĸȰ
hh h k i f û hğ qhh
h
h i h h
û ih
ȇ ōjŎ= ʼnł
j ŏųɉ ôˑʼnķɁ jŷžjȯ űŪȩ ƅ ͬ `źķjŊŠʃů
x
h Ūi ȩh `h= ŨĠ ńh h= ˉźû hŽ ^bğ h= Ŵjû Ų c
ğ
Š źh Ūû ȋ‹
^ĵŁh jK jŷžjȯ jŷˏ žjȯ _ź
g j
h Ġ i
i ğ bh l Abô ŋi Źğ śh ļh Ȭh `h= `ź
ûŴųh ȯh h= ͭ ŴɆ
h ŋŹk śğ ųi û ɉ‹ ĶjĠ Ƙi Ĭ‹
ĸjƘ
jj
h
h
h
h
ğ h Š hûh Š
û
h
h
ğ
i
i
ûŴŲğ _= Ǟ
f û Ňh `Šʆh ŗû Kbh jĬ‹
h
Š
ŴjŲ cźŪȩ ȇ ÿŷŶɱŶȨ ōŎ=
g j
hh ih hûi h ğ h
h
û
h
h
i ĵŧh őh ȇ
h Źh ȫĭ
i
Š
Kĵ
Ÿ
[
ŋ
Ł
ÿŷŶŠɱŶȨ ōŎ=
Kĵ
ŵ
Ǎ
Āj
ŷ
ķ
Kĵ
Ŧ
g
j j
j
p
h
h iğ h hğh h
i
ğ hû hû
h ųjۊɾů‹
^AŌh hŽ ƅ ͮ ǻ
_źŪů‹ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ
‹b ñűŶŹŁ
j
h
ğ ii hûi
ii
qh l hh
ii ii ğhh mğ
ñűû ŹɅźŰũ şh śŪȩ `= ƅj? űû Źj j ɅźŰũ Ǎj ĹĸɆjK Aźû ŶȨ djȑ‹ űi ŹŶŠɱŶȨ
û hğ ğ
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų c
i ğ bh
h h ő‹
f ŭńh űžj
f ŰŠh Ĭ‹
Š Ǜ
Ĭ‹ `j?ø ͯ űžj
ǻj
h i Š h i h ğ hû i i h ğ h i hŠh û h h û i h i h
ğ
h Ǎ `ź
ȼ
Ŏ
ŰjļʂŽ ô ĹŶƠ‹ űŹɉ `įjķ űŹɉʆŲ=b űŹŏŧŵ=
jĬ‹ Ůž
j j j
û h Š hûğ
kq h û h h e û h h i h û i h h i i û h h
Ůž
j ƃ‹
j b jĹƊKźȋ‹ Ǎj ĵŪń jŷžŰŠ AʼnŠb ð`źŰļŪɆb `źŰļŪžȯ
j Ƒ
h
l i ûh û h ğ
iû
Š h bû = Ŵû Ųh bh `A
AbǬj ȼļŎĭŦ jôĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų Āj aʼnj Źû šh j ķ ȝ
ˏ j ;h ŋû Ūů‹bh
i ûh
i Şj šh ûů‹ Li źû ŧh ûů‹ źh Ÿi ūjh ɉŠəh bh Ājŷķ űļi šû Ȭĵh hķ djȑ‹ğ űi Ȳ
Ͱ űž
jšžȼjķ
ôj
h i Šh û h i Ģ ğ
h
h i Ģ ğ
h
h ûů‹ `b
ğ `ź
ʼnjĸɿů‹ `źĸjɌʫů‹
`źšji ŬŠɷů‹
ŅjɌʶů‹ `bʼni ųj Šɳ
û
û
h
h
h
h h i
û
Šğ
ŋj ŭŶųi ɉ‹ Ŵj Š `źŸĵğȍ‹bh [b
j ŋi šųh ɉĭjķ `bŋji Ɋ˖‹ `bʼni ł
j ɹů‹
h i Šh û h
h h
ğ
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Ǭk h ȵbh jĬ‹
i j `ź
jIbʼni ơ
Şjŧɳů‹b
`ǽ ĵŲh ͱ ǻj
jj
ñ
h
ğ
lmi h ûh h h
l
û
l
û i
m i h h h h k ŶŰjğ ɉ
i ûh ûh
Aźŵǽ źɉb ǻj ȡǬ
j ųŰj ɉ AbŋjŧŤļŏȹ `= AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹b Ʊ
jj
i
ûh i h û h û i ğ h û i h h ğ h h h û h
i
h
û
Š ŋũ Ƞj bl =
űž
j Ņ
j Ơ‹ ĶŠɳŔ= űŹȫɁ űŹɉ ǻȼĻ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ Ŵü Ųj ȗ
h
h ğ h ğ
i hû û h h hh
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? Kĵ
p CʼnjŠźû Ų ŴŠ ƅj? jŷžjȨƁj űžj
j ŧŤjļŎ‹ `ǽ ĵŲb Ͳ
ğ i û h ğ h h ğ k xk i h i ğ h m i h h ğ h h ğ h h i ğ m h h h h
`j? ŷô ŶjŲ =ǚȩ jĬj bʼnŠ ÿŷŵɁ ÿȔ ǻȼĻ ĵųŰŦ aĵŽj? ĵŸʼnŠb
and Accepter of repentance, the Bestower of mercy?
And say, “Work, for Allah will see your work,
105
as will His Messenger and the believers, and then
you will be returned to the Knower of the hidden
realm and the manifest, and He will inform you of
what you used to do.” 106 And (there are) others who
are deferred until the command of Allah—whether
He will punish them or grant them repentance and
accept it from them. And Allah is All-Knowing,
All-Wise. 107 Anda (there are) the ones who took (for
themselves) a mosque to cause harm and disbelief and
disunity among the believers, and as an outpost for
those who fought Allah and His Messenger earlier,
though they will most surely swear: “We only
wanted the best,” but Allah bears witness that they
are certainly liars. 108 Do not stand in it, ever. Surely,
a mosque founded upon mindfulness (of God) from
the first day is worthier of your standing in it. In it
are men who love to purify themselves, and Allah
loves those who always purify themselves. 109 Is the
one who foundedb his structure upon mindfulness
of Allah and (His) good pleasure better or the one
who founded his structure on the brink of a cliff that
was about to tumble, so that it tumbled with him
into the fire of Hell? And Allah does not guide the
unjust people. 110 That structure of theirs that they
have built will not cease being (a source of) suspicion
in their hearts until their hearts are torn to pieces.
And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. 111 Allah has
indeed purchased from the believers their (very)
selves and their wealth, for which they shall have
the Garden (of Paradise, as a reward). They combat in the
way of Allah, so they kill and get killed c —a
promise, binding on Him in the Torah and the
Gospel and the Recitald. And who is more faithful
to his covenant than Allah? So bepl glad with that
trade of yours which you have traded. And that is
the great triumph. 112 The repentant ones, the
worshipers, the ones who constantly praise, the
travelers (for good causes), the ones bowing down, the
ones prostrating themselves, the ones who enjoin
what is good and forbid what is deplorable, and the
ones who preserve Allah’s limits. And givesg glad
Never would it befit the
tidings to the believers.
113
Prophet and those who have attained faith to ask
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “(There are) the ones . . .”
Nafieʻ and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “Is the one whose structure is founded upon . . .”
Qc
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . so they get killed and kill . . .”
d
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qa
Qb
134
PART 11. REPENTANCE
Surah 9- At-Tawbah
û
h ğ i iğ h h hh
x Űńh faŠɩğ hƁh űžj
h ŸŠɷh ûķ?
Jj? ʼnh šû Ȩh ˋüŲh źû ũ ŮŘ
j Ȏj Ĭ‹ `ǽ ĵŲb ͳ űžj
j
i
ğ h û i h h
h k hȼiŽ Ʋ
h ğ ğ ô h Ūi ļğ Ȭh ĵŲğ űŹi h ɉ ǻ
û h Ůk Ȳ
;g ƾ
j Š ń űŹŠƊʼnŸ
j j ķ Ĭ‹ `j? `ź
hû h
ûi
i û i i h h ğ ğ ʹ űžj
h Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ğ ū
f ŰŠh
Š
j
Āƻ
Ž
P˱
Ɓ‹
b
D
ʆ
ŰɊ ÿȔ Ĭ‹ `j?
j
ˌ
j
h hh k h
ğ
i k i h hh i ih
͵Ǟ
ŕ
ŵ
ƅ
b
Ƞ
b
Ŵj
Ų
Ĭ‹
`b
I
ŴjŲ űȲů ĵŲb ĺž
j
j
ô ųj Ɇb
j
pj
p
h
û
ğ
h
û
h Ɓ‹bh ŴɆ
h ğĻ ʼnŪh ůğ
i ğ Bĵ
h ȑ‹ Kĵŕŵ
h ŋłŠʇh ųi ɉ‹bh Ʊ
ğ ȇh Ĭ‹
k ȍ‹
ŴŽj
j
j
j
jj
ğ
i h h h h ûh ü
h h
iBźiŰiũ ŢɆ
h û ši ûů‹ Ĺj Šĵ
Ŏ Ǎj iaźši ĸh ȩ‹
Ōj Ž Iǽ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj j CǪ
h h h h ği û iûk
x ih û
h
ğ
x ńKğ [b
Ͷ űžj
;K űŹj j ķ ÿŷi ŵj? űô û Źj žû ŰŠ Bĵ
Ļ űȪ űŹŶjŲ ŨɆ
p ŋj Ŧ
h
h h û h h h ğ h l i k i h ğ h Šh ğ
Ģ ń Aźŧj ŰŇ ŴŽjȑ‹ jĹĿʄȌ‹ ȇh bh
ũĵŗ AJj? Ʋ
űi Źj žû ŰŠ ĺ
ğ h lm Ġ h h û i i i h û ûh h û h h h û h i h h i h û
ƅ `= AźŶŝb űŹŏŧŵ= űŹj žŰŠ ĺũĵŗb ĺĸńK ĵųjķ P˱Ɓ‹
ğ h hh ûh
h ğ `ğ ? l Aźm ô Ʌź
i ļi hȎj űû Źžû hŰŠh Bĵ
h hĻ űğ Ȫi jŷûȎh ? mƅğ ? jĬ‹
Ĭ‹
ŴjŲ įłŰɊ
j
j j
j
h
h ğ l AźŪi ȩ‹ğ l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
i źğ ȋ‹
ğ źh Ÿi
h ȑ‹ğ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ BA
Ģ h ͷ űžj
Ĭ‹
ğ h h l i ih
h ʼnųh û ɉ‹ ŮŸû hƁj `h ǽh ĵŲh ͸ ǻj
h Ȱʼnj Š ɻů‹
şŲ Aźŵźȡb
Ŵû Ųh bh jĹŶŽj
j
h
h
h ğ
i ğ h l iğ h hh
h û û h k ihû h
ƅbh jĬ‹ ^ź
j ŎK ŴŠ AźŧŰňļȬ `= BA
j ŋŠƁ‹ ŴjŲ űŹɉźń
i h l ih ûh
i ŕj iŽ ƅh űû Źi ȫğ ɂh ķ ūjh ɉŠəh Ājŷ jŏŧû ȫğ ŴŠh űû Ź jŏŧŵ
įjķ AźĸȮŋŽ
űû Źi ĸž
ô
j
j
h ğ
ûh hh x h h hh xh h
h
h Ǎ xĹŕh ųh ƥ
`źnZi śh Ȭh ƅbh jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
ƅb Ķŕŵ ƅb įųŝ
j j j
ğ e ğ
h h ği û i h q ûh
h i
h
ƅj? Ɔžû ȫ pbk ʼni Š Ŵjû Ų `źɉĵŶh Ȭh ƅbh Kĵ
ŧŭů‹ ŜžjŤŽ ĵĴjŚźɊ
hû i i h h ğ ğ f h x h h
h h i
ŋh Ł= şžŘ
j ļŬ
j Ž ƅ Ĭ‹ `j? Ńjô ۊɞ Ůųȭ Ājŷjķ űŹi ɉ Ķ
hh qh h hh qh h q h hh h i i hh
û ųi û ɉ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
ƅb CǞjĸŬ ƅb CǞjŤŔ ĹŪŧȫ `źŪjŧŶŽ ƅb ͹ ǻ
j
h iğ
h i hûh
û Ȏ
h j ļŬi ƅğ ? ĵeŽjIAbh `ź
h j űû Źi h ɉ Ķ
ĵŲh Ŵh ŏh ńû = Ĭ‹
űi Źi Ɇh Ōj ł
šśŪȬ
j
û
l
l i h
h
i
qğ
h h h
h
h
û
ô ĹŦĮŬ Abŋi jŧŶhȎj `źŶji Ųİųi ɉ‹ `ǽ ĵŲh bø
ͺ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ
ki
k Ǎ l AźŹi Ūğ ŧh ļh hȎj k xĹŧh ɋmĵŚh űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk Ĺhũŋjû Ŧ ȁ
h ŧh ȫh ƅh źû hŰhŦ
ŴŽj
Ȑ‹
Ŵj
Ų
ŋ
p
j
j
j
j
h i h ûh û iğ h h û ûh lm i h h h û i h ûh l i i h
ͻ `bKŊƘ űŹŰšů űŹj Ȏj? AźšŁK AJj? űŹɊźũ AbKjŊŶȎj b
ğ i û h k i h i h h ğ l i Šh l i h h h ğ h Ġ h Ģ h
Kĵ
ŧ
j ŭů‹ ŴjŲ űȲŵźŰŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ AźŰjļɥ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
ûh
û h h hğ ğ h lm i h û h q h û û i
l
ğ
h
i
ͼ ǻjŪļųɉ‹ şŲ Ĭ‹ `= AźųŰŠ‹b ô ĹŞŰjţ űȲžjȯ Abʼni ł
j hȎb
forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were
near relatives, after it has become evident to them
that they are the fellows of purgatory. 114 And
Abraham’s seeking of forgiveness for his father was
only due to a promise he had made to him. But
when it became evident to him that he was an
enemy of Allah, he disowned him. Abraham isa
most surely kind, clement. 115 And never would
Allah lead any people astray after He had guided
them until He made evident to them what they
should be mindful of. Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing
of everything. 116 Indeed, to Allah belongs the
dominion of the heavens and the earth; He gives life
and He causes death. And apart from Allah you
have neither ally nor supporter. 117 Allah has very
truly granted repentance to the Prophet and the
Emigrants and the Supporters who followed him in
the hour of difficulty after the hearts of a group of
them almost swerved, then He accepted their
repent a nce; i ndeed , towa rd s t hem He is
Compassionate, Bestowing of mercy. 118 And
(likewise for) the three who lagged behind until, when
the earth—vast as it is—closed in on them and their
own (inner) selves closed in on them and they thought
that there was no refuge from Allah except in Him,
He then granted them repentance, so that they may
repent. Indeed, Allah is the Granter and Accepter
of repentance, the Bestower of mercy. 119 O you who
have attained faith, be mindful of Allah and be with
the truthful. 120 Never would it befit the inhabitants
of Madinah and the nomadic Arabs around them to
lag behind the Messenger of Allah, nor to prefer
themselves to him. That is because they never suffer
any thirst or fatigue or starvation in the way of
Allah, nor do they tread any territory that enrages
the deniers, nor attain from an enemy any
attainment, but it is recorded (to their credit) as a
righteous deed. Indeed, Allah does not waste the
reward of those who excel in doing good. 121 Nor do
they spend any expenditure, small or large, nor do
they cross any valley but it is recorded (to their credit),
that Allah may repay them for the best of what they
used to do. 122 And never would it befit the believers
to mobilize collectively.
So why should there not
be, of every section of them, a faction which
mobilizes to study the religion and to warn their
a
Frequently the Qur’an speaks about the prophets using present tense; this should be pondered by the reader.
135
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
h xh i û h i mh h
ûh
i h i i
ŷi ĻIALh űû ȲĠŽɁ ^źŪȬh ŴŲğ űŹi Ŷû ųj Ŧ CKź
Ŏ ĺůŌŵ
j = ĵŲ AJ˯
h
ğ
h
h hh l ih h h
i
h ? űû Źi ȩû IA
h ? mĀj aŊŠɪh
űû Ÿbh ĵŶq Š ʅŽ
ŌŦ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjh ȑ‹ ĵŲğ įŦ ô hĵŶq Š ʅŽ
j
j
h
i
i h i ğ i û ğ x h hi û i j m h h
h h û i Ġ
iŷûĻIA
û hL űh Ȳx ŽɁ ^źŪȬ Ŵi Ų űŹŶh ųj Ŧ CKźğ Ŏh ĺůŌŵ
h = i ĵŲ û Ah J˯
û hȹ
j `b
űû Źi ȩIAŌh Ŧ Pŋh Ųğ űŹj j Ʌź
Ű
ũ
Ǎ
ŴŽj
ȑ‹
ĵ
Ų
=
b
ͽ
Ǭ
ȼ
ļ
ŏ
j
j
h
ğ
l
h
h h h i h h lh
i
h h ? mĀj aŊŠɪh
h h h h j ? űû Źi ȩhû IA
űû h Ÿû bh h h ĵŶq Š ʅŽ
Ōi ŦŠ h AźŶŲAû i ;h ŴŽji ȑ‹h h ĵû Ųğ įŦ û ô ĵŶq Š ʅŽ
j j
`bŋŽ ƅh b= ; `bŋjŧɦ
űŸb AźĻĵğ Ųb űh Źj jŏŁjK ǓŠ j ? ĵŏe Łû jK
i
ûh
h i ûh ûh
h ȑ‹ ĵŲkğ i =bh ͽh `b
h x ğ ŋh i Ųğ űû Źhj j ğɅźh Űiũû h Ǎej ğ ğŴŽj
űû h Źi ȩi IAi Ōh h Ŧ P
Ǭ
û j ȼļŏğ ȹ
h
`źɅźļȬ h ƅh űȪ ǻ
Ǎj `źŶi ļh h ŧȬi űû Źi ȫɁ
ȩŋɊ b= CŋŲ l ˉp ȕ ȁ
j
j
h
h
h h ûi i m h i h h û û ğ ğ Š e û h
`û i bû ŋhi hŽû ƅ
bh h = h ;
űŸbh Aźh ĻĵŲb űŹj h jŏŁ
K Ǔj? ĵi ŏŁK
ğ x h `bi ŋi jŧŠû ɦ
h
űŹŘšȨ ŋh Şȫ i CKźŎ ĺůŌŵ
= ĵŲ AJ˯ Ϳk i `bŋi Ŭj ŊhŽ űû Ÿ ƅjbh h
h
j
ğ
h i i hh l ğ û h ğ h û e ğ h ğ h
h û
û h Ŷi ļh ŧȬi û űh û Źi Š ȫh Ɂ
`ź
ļȬ h ƅh űȪi h ǻ
Ǎh j `ź
ȩŋɊğ i b= hCŋŲ û ˉp k ȕ i ȁ
h
j
iĬğ ‹Ʌź[
j
h
Š
Ǯ Aźô ŦDzŵ‹ űȪh ʼnp ń
= ŴjhŲ űȲƊŋŽ Ůğ Ÿğ Ŗg šȨ Ǔh j ?
h i hh û i i h
û ůŌŵi= m ĵŲh AJ˯
ûűx Źi Ři šû Ȩh ŋh Şh ȫğ m x CKź
h Ŏi h ĺ
ğ x `b
h
h ŋŬğ ŊŽ űŸh ƅbi
h ihûh Ϳ
i h h û
i
û
h
û
j
Űũ
^źŎK h űȱl ;ĵŁ ʼnŪů ΀
`źh ŹŪŧȬ ƅ _źũ űû û Źi ȫɂjķ űŹi Ʌź
i
i
i Š hh h
û h Ȩh ǓŠ h ?
i ğ ‹ [h Ǯ
h h űğ Ȫ ʼnp ńh = Ŵjû h Ųk űȲ
h h Aźô ŦDzŵ‹
Ĭ
Ɗ
ŋ
Ž
Ů
Ÿ
Ŗ
š
i
h f h û Ġ h h û h f h û i g i û kj
űx Ȳžû ŰŠ œɆ
ŋń űļj ŶŠ ĵŲ jŷžŰŠ ŌɆğ jŌŠh űȲh jŏŧŵ= Ŵji Ųi
h ihûh xû û iğ
i h m û jh û l h ğ h
h û Űũ
i Kh űû ȱ
^ź
Ŏ
;
ĵ
Ł
ʼn
Ū
ů
΀
`ź
ŹŪŧx Ȭ ƅğ _źx ũ űi Źh ȫɂh j ķ űŹi û Ʌź
h
i
h
û
h
iĬğ ‹ Ʊ
û
h
h ŏń ŮŪȯ AźůźĻ `jıhŦ ΁
j
[b
űžj
ń
K
;
K
ǻj
Ŷ
Ų
İ
ųi ɉĭjķ
h
j
h
h
i
i
h û f h û û Ġ h h û ûh ğ f h h û i ğ h û m k h
űȲžû ŰŠ h œɆ
ŋj ń
űļj ŶŠ ĵŲ jŷži ŰŠ h ŌɆ
h Ōj û Šh űhȲ
i jŏŧŵh =Š ŴjŲ
jû ŋû šh l ů‹ğ BĠ Kh źh Ÿi bh ðĺ
΂ űž
ȣ
ź
Ļ
j
ŷ
ž
Ű
Š
ź
Ÿ
Ş
j j šů‹ N
ð
x i h hƅj? ŷû ɧji? û ƅ
iĬğ ‹ Ʊ
x ńKğ [b
h ŏû ńh ŮŪi ȯh Aźû ůźh hĻ `jıhŦ ΁ űžj
;K ǻj ŶŲj İųɉĭj ķ
j
i û ğ źh hĻ jŷžû hŰŠh źh Ÿi ƅğ ? ŷh Š ɧh ? mƅh
hû
h û h Ġ i i i i h bh ĺ
΂ űž
ð i ȣ˺˹
j Şj šů‹ Nj ŋû šů‹ōBȸźKh Žźh CŸKź
Ŏ
ð
j j
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
hi i ih i
ōȸźŽ CKźŎ ˺˹
ğ û
ğ ˵
ğ jĬ‹
û ŋɉ‹
j ńŋɉ‹
h h h űžj
h ƈi h h h û m
ğ
h
j ŶŰj ɉ `ĵȱ= ̂ űžj
Mĵ
j ŭơ‹ Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ ĺŠɔA; ūŰj Ļ ˏŋɉA
h û h û iûk i h h mhû h ûh û h e h h
khh h ğ
Š
Ǭ
j j ȵğb Mĵh ȍ‹h jKjh Ŋŵ= `= űŹh Ŷjû Ų Ůp ŁKh Ǔû j ? ĵŶi žńh bh = `h = û ĵĸłŠm
h Š lɔA; ūŰj Ļ ˏŋğ ɉA
Šɮjŭh ů‹ ğ ĺ
h j h ŶŰj ɉ `ĵȱh = ̂ űžj
Mĵ
j ŭơ‹h h h Ķ
h ȑ‹
^ĵũ ñűû Źj j Ʌk Kh ʼnŶj
Š h \g û ʼnûh Ŕ
_ʼnũj űû Źi ɉ h `m = Aźm Ŷi h ŲAh û ;h h ŴŽj
j
khh h ğ
hû h û
eh h
û iûk i h
Ǭ
i ğ ȍ‹h jKjğ Ŋŵ= `= f űŹĠ ŶjŲx Ůp ŁŠ h Kh ǓŠ jh? Š ĵh Ŷžńğ b= h `= i ĵĸŠ łh Šû
jĬ
i ğ j ‹ȵbűi Mĵ
jh ɹů h AŊğɪh `l j ? `bŋjŧʃů‹ğ
h h û Ȳk h ɅK h `h j ? ̃ û ǻjĸŲ h ŋh Ņ
û i
mih h h
h
Ʌ
K
ʼnŶj
Š
\
ʼn
Ŕ
_
ʼn
^ĵ
ũ
ű
Ź
h ũû h űŹɉ Š h `Š h = ğ AźŶŲAh h ;h ŴŽjȑ‹ğ
û ñ j j űğ Ȫi ˉĵğŽɁ Ĺj ļjğ Ŏg Ǎj P˱
Šcźh ļh Ŏ‹
j ʆh ʅh ŏɉ‹ğ Ũh ŰŇ djh ȑ‹û
j Ġ Ɓ‹bh h D
i ğ hp ğ ğ
f
iĬğ ‹û űi Ȳ
x
Š
ɅK `j? ̃ ǻh j ĸŲ ŋŅ
j h ɹh ůû h Aû ŊŠɪi k h `i j ? `bû h ŋi û jŧŠʃh ů‹h
û
h
ü
ĀjôŷjŵJj? ʼnj šȨi ŴŲj h ƅj? şž
g jŧő Ŵjh Ų hĵŲû ð ŋɊƁ‹ ŋh j ķʼnŽ N
ˌ j h ŋh šů‹ ȇğ
û űğ Ȫ ˉĵğŽğ Ɂ Ĺj ļjğ Ŏh Ǎh P˱
h
h
ğ
h
Šchźh ļh Ŏ‹
Š
Š
Ũ
j û i ʆʅĠ ŏɉ‹
h
h p i h h h j i i i Ɓ‹
û bh D
ğ ŰŇi i djȑ‹
i
h
ûjŷȎj? ̄ `b
Ŧ űh Ȳ
ɅK Ĭ‹ űû Ȳj hůŠəh
û
û û h ü ŋŬŊğ Ļ ƆŦ=h ôabʼnĸȭĭ
h û ŋi kķʼnh iŽ Nj ŋû šh ů‹ ȇ
Ājğ ôŷi j ŵJhj ? û ʼnj h û šȨ l Ŵi Ųj h û ƅh j ? şž
g ğ jŧőĝ h ŴjŲ ğ ĵŲ ð ŋh h Ɋû Ɓ‹
i i ûh
q j Ʀh ˌ űû Ȳ
i
űȪh ŨŰƢ‹ A>ʼnğ ĸȬh ÿŷŵhj ? h ô ĵh Ūń jĬ‹ h ʼnŠbh ðĵšžj
šŁ
j ŋɊh
h i h
û
ğ
i
i
Ġ
i
i
i
û
i
h
i
ûjŷȎj? ̄ `b
ğ
űȲhɅK û Ĭh ‹ űȲj
h ğ ŋl AźŬiŰŊųĻŠh bƆ
i ůjšŠ əiŽ
h Ŧl =AźŶi ôabŲAh ʼn;h ĸȭĭŴŽj
iaʼnž
h Ŧ ȑ‹
d
Ō
ł
Ȏ
j
ÿ
ĺ
j i Šɳj Űû Š ɻů‹
j
i i ûh
q jƦh űû Ȳ
h û l A>i ʼnh ĸû Ȭh ÿŷi ğŵ? ô ĵŪĝ ńh jĬğ ‹ ʼnh Šû bh ðĵšžj
űğ Ȫ Ũh ŰƢ‹
šŁ
j
j ŋɊ
ğ
l
l
i
ğ
h
û h
ii i
h ȑ‹ dh Ōł
Šɳjh ۊɻů‹
AźŰųj Šbh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ĺ
j j Ȏj ÿaʼnžjšŽ
people when they return to them, so that they may
beware? 123 O you who have attained faith, combat
those of the deniers who are adjacent to you, and let
them find harshness in you, and know that Allah is
with the people who are mindful (of Him). 124 And
whenever a suraha is revealed, some of them say,
“Which of you has this increased in faith?” As for
those who have attained faith—it increases them in
faith and they anticipate glad tidings. 125 But as for
those in whose hearts is sickness—it adds
abomination to their abomination and they die as
deniers. 126 Do they not seeb that they are tested
every year once or twice? Yet they neither repent
nor constantly remember. 127 And whenever a suraha
is sent down, they look at one another, “Does
anyone see you?” Then they turn away. Allah has
turned away their hearts because they are people
who do not comprehend. 128 Very truly, there has
come to you a messenger from among yourselves,
concerned over your suffering, anxious over you;
towards the believers c he is compassionate,
bestowing of mercy. 129 Yet if they turn away, then
saysg, “Allah is sufficient for me; there is no god but
He; in Him I have placed my trust, and He is the
Lord of the Great Throne.”
10. Jonah
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Alif Lām Ra. Those are the signsd of the Wise
Scripture. 2 Was it a wonder to mankind that We
revealed to a man from among them: “Warn
mankind and give glad tidings to those who have
attained faith that they are on a sound footing with
their Lord”? The deniers said, “Most surely, this is
an evident sorcerere.” 3 Indeed, your pl Lord is Allah,
Who created the heavens and the earth in six daysf
then settled over the Throne, governing every
matter; there is no intercessor except after His
permission. Such is Allah, your Lord, so worship
1
Each portion of the Qur’an is called a ‘surah’, which is sometimes translated as ‘chapter’.
Qb
Hamza and Yaʻqub read it as: “Do you not see . . .”
c
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
d
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qe
Nafieʻ, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . this is evident sorcery.”
f
Six equal intervals of time, which may be six heavenly days, each of them being 1000 earthly years long (see 22: 47).
a
136
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
x h h û ih l i h h h ğ h ˏ û û
f Ŋh Šh bh ˈžjƧh Ŵjû Ųk BA
Ǩ űŹɉ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹b řj ŏjŪůĭjķ
BA
p
h
ğ i
ğ h
h iû l i h
ōh ųû Œɉ‹ Ůšh Łh djȑ‹ źh Ÿ ̅ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ü űi Ȏj =
h h h l hû h hh
ğ h q iŵ ŋh ųh Ūh ûů‹bh ;q m ĵžh ŗ
h ȿŏɉ‹
ǻ
j j k IʼnŠ Aźųi Űšh jȋ ^jLĵŶŲ ÿiaKh ʼnũbh ˊKź
j
ğ h h iğ hh h h h h û h
i k h k hû
h
ĺ
j Š ɔ˖‹ Ůŕj ŧȬi Ũˏ j ơĭ
ô ŏj ơ‹b
j ķ ƅj? ūj ɉŠə Ĭ‹ ŨŰŇ ĵŲ Bĵ
ğ
h h
h û
ğ
h
h h
Ũh ŰŇ ĵŲh bh jKĵŹh ğȍ‹bh Ůj ûȎ‹ ťj Š ʄjļҋ Ǎj `j? ̆ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů
hû h
ğ
h k Šh
h i
h h ğ Ǎ Ĭ‹
iğ
j
`j? ̇ `źŪļğ Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
ɔ˗
P˱
Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
p
j
l Ġ h h û h h û Ġ Š h hû l i h h h h m h h i û h h h ğ
AźŵɂųŚ‹b ĵžȫȐ‹ j Cźžơĭjķ AźŗKb ĵŵ;ĵŪj ů `źŁŋŽ ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹
û h hli
h i h h h h û h û i h ğ h h
iűŹi Š Ɗbh įŲh ū
j ɌʤĢ b= ̈ `źŰjŧŠɣ ĵŶjļŠɔA; Ŵȭ űŸ ŴŽjȑ‹b ĵŹjķ
l i h h l ih h h ğ ğ
h
û l i h
i ğȍ‹
AźŰųj Šb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ̉ `źĸi jŏȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ Kĵ
ğ
ûh
ûh
h ıȨ űŹi ɅĠ Kh űû ŹŽjʼnŹû Ȭh ĺŠɳjh ۊɻů‹
űi Źj j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə ðűû Źj j ŶŠʅŽ
j
jj
j
ğh
h h û i h û iŠ h û h
hûh û
ĸŎ ĵŹžjȯ űŹƊźŠI ̊ űž
ūŶh Šɳ
j ŠɰŁ Ǎj ŋi Š ʇŵƁ‹
j šj ğȍ‹ ĺ
h
ğ
ğ
h ȯ űû Źi ļi žjğ ƕh bh űğ Źi Űɉ‹
h û `j = űû Źi Š Ɗźh Šû Ih ŋji ŇA;h bh űôx Š ʄh Ŏh ĵŹžj
jĬj ʼni ųû ơ‹
k h i ûh h
h h h û k Kh
i ğ Ůi ł
ğ ğ Mĵ
j ŶŰjğ ɉ Ĭ‹
Ǭɉ‹
j šȬ źɉbø ̋ ǻųj ۊɿů‹ B
j
û
h h ğ i h hh û ii h h û ûh
h
h
i
û
û
h
h
û
i
h j Ūů Ǟ
ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹ KŊŶȯ ðűŹŰŁ= űŹj Ȏj? DŽ
j Ƣĭjķ űŹɉĵłšjļŎ‹
h
û
h mh h
h
ōğ Ɋh AJ˯ ̌ `źŹi ųh šû Ȭh űû Źj j ŶŠɱh ŤŚi Ǎj ĵŵ;h ĵŪj ů `źŁi ŋû hŽ
û
hh
mh h
h h
Ġ Ġ Ŵh ɹȸ
h j ĵhŵȕh Ih Ǵɉ‹
Š h ƃ‹
ĵųğ ŰŦ ĵųq j ɋĵũ bû = Aʼnje Šĵũ bû = mĀjŷjĸ˪Ơ
j
h
h
ğ
h
m
û
h
h
i
i
i
û
û
ğ
h h
k Š h h û
ğh iğ i
ÿô ŷi ŏğ Ų ǰ
p Ǔj? ĵŶȭʼnŽ űů `įŬ ŋɊ ÿaǰ ŷŶȭ ĵŶŧŒŬ
l i h
hh
h i
h ȯǪû ųi ûŰj ɉ Ŵh Ɇk Li ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh
ʼnû Ūůbh ̍ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲh ǻj
j
j
l
û
h
h
û hûh
m
h
û
h
i
h
i
űû Źi ȩ;h ĵŁh bh Aźųi Űŝ ĵųğ ɉ űû Ȳj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ `bŋi Ūů‹ ĵŶh ŭŰŸ=
i
hû
ûh h h h l û l i h
h û
_h źû Ūů‹ dŌj Ƒ ūj ɉŠɶŬ Aźô Ŷji ŲİiȎj Aźŵǽ ĵŲh bh ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊĭjķ űŹi ŰŎi Ki
hû
h Ģh h û i Šhû h h ğ i
û iû
h Ųŋł
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ťjɌˁ
Ŵü Ųj P˱
Ň űȲɰŰšŁ űȪ ̎ ǻj
j ųɉ‹
hh h i h
h i h h h
i
űû Źj žû ŰŠ ǔŠ ļû ȩ AJ˯ ̏ `źŰųh šû ȩ ťžû Ŭ ŋh ŞŶh jȍ űjû Ÿʼnj šû Ȩh
h i ûh h h ğ h h Šh kh hi h h
h û i j û ij‹ ĵhŵ;h m ĵŪjh ů `ź
`A
ŁŋŽ ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵũ ĺ
p ɰjžȨ ĵŶȩĵŽA;
g ;ŋŪjķ ĺ
Him. Will you not remind yourselvesa? 4 To Him is
your return, all together; the promise of Allah is
true. Indeed b, He originates creation and then
restores it to repay those who have attained faith
and have done righteous deeds with equity. And
those who have denied—for them is a drink of
scalding water and a painful punishment on account
of how they used to deny. 5 It is He Who made the
sun radiance and the moon a light and determined
phases for it, that you may know the number of
years and the calculation. Allah did not create all
this except with the truthc. Hed details the signs for
people who know. 6 Indeed, in the alternation of
night and day and in whatever Allah has created in
the heavens and the earth are signs for people who
are mindful (of Him). 7 Indeed, those who do not
expect to meet Us and have been content with the
Earlier Life and have become serene thereby, and
those who are oblivious of Our signs, 8 those—their
shelter is the Fire on account of what they used to
earn. 9 Indeed, those who have attained faith and
have done righteous deeds—their Lord guides them
in their faith; rivers f low beneath them in the
Gardens of Bliss. 10 Their call therein is, “Highly
Exalted are You, our God,” and their greeting
therein is, “Peace.” And the last of their call is,
“Praise be to Allah, Lord of all realms.” 11 And if
Allah were to expedite evil for mankind as they
wish to expedite good, their term would have been
fulfillede for them; so Wef leave those who do not
expect to meet Us to wander aimlessly while
exceeding all limits. 12 And whenever harm touches
man, he calls upon Us—reclining on his side or
sitting or standing. But when We lift harm off of
him, he goes away as though he had never called
upon Us for any harm that had touched him. Thus
was adorned for the extremists what they used to
do. 13 And very truly We annihilated generations
before you pl when they did injustices, while
messengers came to them with evident proofs, but
they would not believe. Thus We repay the criminal
people. 14 Then We made you successors on earth
after them to look how you would behave. 15 And
Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Will you not constantly remember?”
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “the promise of Allah is true: that He originates creation . . .”
c
According to Ibn ʻAshour and other exegetes, ‘with the truth’ means ‘for a purpose’.
Qd
All except for Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Hafs and Yaʻqub read it as: “We detail the signs for . . .”
Qe
Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . He would have fulfilled their term for them”.
f
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Qa
Qb
137
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
i i h h ûi iû k h ûh m h Šh û h
i h ʼnk hķɁi `û h= Ǔ
m j `ź
ȲŽ ĵŲ Ůũ ô Ȕjʼnķ b= AŊɪ Ǟ
ŴjŲ ÿȔj
j Ȯ
h
h
û i h mk ğh Ģ h i h ğ i ğ û m û h m h û
`j? [ĵŇ= ƭ
j j ? ð Ǔj? ƸźŽ ĵŲ ƅj? şjĸĻɁ `j? ˌƿj ŧȫ dĤ ĵŪŰj Ļ
h Ŋh Šh ȗk Kh ĺ
i ğ ;h m ĵőh źû ůğ Ůiũ ̐ ˈžŞj Šh ˉźû hŽ BA
i žû ŕh Šh
ĵŲh Ĭ‹
g
p
j
i
i Š hûh m hh û i ûh h iiûhh
i Ŀû Ȋh ʼnû Ūh ȯh Ājŷķ űȲ
űû Ȳžjȯ ĺ
ƊKI= ƅb űȲžŰŠ ÿŷĻźŰĻ
ðj
j
h
h û
h
h
h i h hhh
i
Ŵj ųjğ Ɋ űi Űŝ= Ŵû ųh ȯ ̑ `źŰŪj šû ȩ ƆŦ= mĀjôŷj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲk ˊŋq ųi ȭ
h ğ hh Š hhû
ğ h h
û h ğ
h
Ǜȯ‹
Ńji ŰŧȬi ƅ ÿŷi ŵj? mĀjôŷjļŠɔ˲ Bh ŊŬ bû = ĵeķjŊŬ jĬ‹ ȇ c
h i Ġ i h h h ğ
h iiûhh
h i û iû
i
ƅbh űû ŸǴ
Ž ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ `bʼnĸšɆb ̒ `źɊjŋłųɉ‹
h ikhih ûi ğ h
hiĢh h i mhiĢh h i ihh û ii h h
ŧő ;j ƅİʧ `źɉźŪɆb űŹšŧŶŽ
`źnZjĸȿĻɁ Ůũ jôĬ‹ ʼnŶjŠ ĵŵİʼ
h
û
h
h ĸû Ŏi P˱
h h ğ Ǎ űi hŰšû Ȭh ƅh ĵųh ķ Ĭ‹
hğ
ÿŷi Ŷh Šɳ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ƅbh D
j
j
q i mğ i ğ h h hh
h i û i ğ h Šh Šh h h
q
Cʼnjh ńŠɩh ĹŲğ = ƅj? Mĵ
ȍ‹ `ǽ ĵŲb ̓ `źȡǬ
j ȹ ĵųȭ ǔɿĻb
h
û h
h kğ
û Ūh ĸh Ŏh xĹųjh ǿh ƅh źû h ɉbh l Aźô ŧi hŰļh Ňĭ
h j Ūi ů ū
Ŧ
űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ DŽ
Ʌj K ŴjŲ ĺ
i
h
h
m
h
h
i
x
h i hûh
h
h
û h ihh
ŴjŲk ĹhŽA;h jŷžû ŰŠ ^Ōŵ
j = ƅźɉ `źɉźŪɆb ̔ `źŧj Űļƞ jŷžjȯ ĵųžjȯ
k l
i
h hŦ jĬğ j Ķ
i žû Ťh ûů‹ ĵųh ȫğ ? Ůû Ūi ȯh ĀjŷɅk Kğ
Ŵjh Ųk űȲšh Ųh ƭj j ? Abm ŋi Şj ļŵĭ
j
ðj
h
mğ h û h k qhû h h ğ hûh mh
h ųi û ɉ‹
h ŋŞj ļŶ
;h Aǰ
ʼnj šȨ Ŵü Ųj ĹƧK Mĵȍ‹ ĵŶȰJ= AJ˯ ̕ ŴɆ
j
ğ e û h i h û h iğ i h h h m x û ğ ih h û i û ğ h
`j? ôˑŋŭŲ SǦ= Ĭ‹ Ůj ũ ô ĵŶj ĻĵŽA; Ǎj ŋŭŲ űŹɉ AJj? űŹļŏɊ
ğ hi
h
h i h
h û
i ik hi
Ǎj űû ȱǞ
ŏ
ȹ
dj
ȑ‹
źŸ ̖ `bŋi ŭųû ȩ ĵŲh `źĸi ļi ȲhŽ ĵŶh ŰŎi Ki
j
û h h ûŰŧi ûů‹ Ǎ űû ļŶ
ğ h û û h k h ûů‹
i Ŭi AJh ? Ʋ
ŃɆ
j
p ŋj j ķ űŹj j ķ Ŵh Ɇŋh Łb ū
j
j Ģ ń ˌŋj ŅhȊ‹b ǚ
j
û
l
m
m
h
x
û
i
h f K ĵŹh ȩ;h ĵŁh ĵŹh ķ Aźńi ŋŦbh Ĺĸh žk Śh
Fi źû ųh ɉ‹ űi Ÿ;h ĵŁh bh ťŔ
j ȕ ŃɆ
j
j
j p j
h
i
ki
ûi hğ li h h û
h ŕj Űƥ
h ń= űû Źi ȫğ Ɂ l Aźm ŶĠ ŝh bh `Ǿh Ųh ȁ
ǻ
Ĭ‹ AźŠI űŹj j ķ řžj
j
p
j ŴjŲ
ğ h ğ h i hh
h û hh ûh h û h h k ih
h ŋjŭɺů‹
Š
Š
ŭ
ȍ
Āj
a
Ŋ
ɪ
ŴjŲ ĵŶȽžƑ= ŴjɌů ŴŽjȐ‹ Ȕ
Ŵj
Ų
Ŵ
ȫź
ŴɆ
j
j
h
û ûh
û
h i û h û i h û iŠ h h m ğ h h
k ơ‹
h
j
Ũ
Ǟ
Ť
ķ
P˱
Ɓ‹
Ǎ
`ź
ŤĸȬ űŸ AJj? űŹƋƑ= ĵųŰŦ ̗
ˍj
j
j j
h
i Ģhh û i i û h h ğ i ğ h ĠhĢ h
i
h û şh Šɮh Ųğ ˌűȲ
j CźŠ žh ơ‹
ŧŵ
jŏ = ȇ űȲžŤȨ ĵųȫj? Mĵȍ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
h i h i i h i i khih û i i û h hûh ğ i hû Ġ
`źŰųh šû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ űȲĴjĸȿŶȯ űȲšŁ
j ŋɊ ĵŶȎj? űȪ ðĵžȫȐ‹
when Our signs a are read to them as evident
explanations, those who do not expect to meet Us
say, “Bringsg a recitalb other than this or change it.”
Say, “It is not for me to change it of my own accord;
I only follow what is revealed to me; I certainly fear,
were I to disobey my Lord, the punishment of a
great day.” 16 Saysg, “Had Allah willed, I would not
have read it to you pl and He would not c have
informed you about it, for I have certainly lived
among you for a lifetime before it. Do you not
reason?” 17 So who is more unjust than someone
who has fabricated lies against Allah or has
disbelieved in His signs? Indeed, the criminals
never succeed. 18 And they worship, apart from
Allah, what neither harms them nor benefits them,
and they say, “These are our intercessors with
Allah.” Saysg, “Are youpl informing Allah about
what He does not know in the heavens or in the
earth?” Highly Exalted is He and Most High above
whatever theyd associate (with Him). 19 Mankind was
but a single community, then they differed. And
were it not for a word that had preceded from yoursg
Lord, judgment would have been decreed between
them regarding whatever they differ over. 20 And
they say, “If only a (miraculous) sign had been sent
down to him from his Lord.” So saysg, “Indeed, the
hidden realm belongs to Allah, so wait pl; I am
indeed with you among those waiting.” 21 And when
We make mankind taste mercy after some adversity
has touched them, there they are with a scheme
against Our signs. Say sg , “Allah is Swifter in
scheming.” Our messengers are indeed writing
down what youpl schemee. 22 It is He Who transportsf
youpl across land and sea until, when you are on
ships, sailing in a good wind and theyg rejoice in it,
a stormy wind arrives and the waves surge over
them from every side and they realize that they are
besieged—thereupon they call upon Allah, devoting
religion to Him: “If You save us from this, we will
most surely be of the thankful.” 23 But when He has
saved them, there they are, committing unjustified
aggression in the land. O mankind, your pl
used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
The Arabic word
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
b
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qc
Al-Bazzi in one of his narrations read it as: “. . . and He would have informed you about it (through someone else) . . .”
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . whatever you associate . . .”
Qe
Rouh read it as: “. . . what they scheme.”
Qf
Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “It is He Who scatters youpl . . .”
g
A grammatical shift in from 2nd person to 3rd person.
a
138
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
m ğ h i h û h h m h h h û Ġ Š h hû i h h h ğ
;j ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ ŷŠɰůŌŵ= ;g ĵųŬ ĵžȫȐ‹ j Cźžơ‹ ŮĿŲ ĵųȫj? ̘
h
hû i hh
h û h
hû û
i ûh ğ
i ğȍ‹ Ůi ȱ
j Ɓ‹ Dĵ
űi Š ɿŵƁ‹bh Mĵ
įŽ ĵųjɊ P˱
ĸȫ Ājŷjķ řh Űļh ŇĭŦ
mhi ûh ğ hh û hğğ h hhi û i i hû
h h h mh Ģğ h
ń
ĵŹŰŸ= Ŵŝb ĺŶɆL‹b ĵŹȯŋŇL P˱Ɓ‹ D
j ŊŇ= AJj? Ʋ
h
h
h
û h h q h h û e ûh h i û m hŠ h m h ûh h h i h û i ğh
Ŧ ˊKĵŹȫ b= ƆȎ ĵŵŋɊ= ĵŹƋĻɁ ĵŹžŰŠ `bKjʼnŠɥ űŹȫɁ
ĵŹh Šɰh Űšh ł
hû
i k h i h Šh h
ûh ûğ hh q h
h
û Ɓĭ
h
Š
ɶ
Ŭ
ō
Ɋ
ķ
ĺ
ɔ˖‹
Ů
ŕ
ŧ
ȫ
ūj
ɉ
Ŵ
Ť
ȩ űů `įŬ Aʼnžŕj ń
j
j
ˏ j
j
h ğ
h i ğ hhh ûh
h Šh l m i û h i ğ h
djʼnŹû Ɇh bh űj Š ʄŏɉ‹
jKAI Ǔj? AźŠʼnŽ Ĭ‹b ̙ `bŋŭŧļȬ ˉp źŪj ů
l i h û h h ğk
h û Ġ
h j ǓŠ h ? ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh
AźŶŏń= ŴŽjȓj ůø ̚ ˈž
j
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
i
h
h
ğ
h
h
f
h
xh
h
h
h
iû
Š h ŏû ơ‹
ūjɌʤĢ bl = ô ĹůjJ ƅbh xǛȰ űû Źi ŸźŁi bi Ũi Ÿŋû hŽ ƅbh ð CIĵɆh jLbh ƴ
l i h h h ğ h
h i Š h h û i ğ hû i Š h û h
AźĸŏŬ ŴŽjȑ‹b ̛ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjĹŶƠ‹ ĶɳŔ=
ğ
h
m
x
û
ih h
h ğ
Ŵjh Ųk űŹi ɉ ĵŲğ ð ĹůjJ űû Źi ŪŸŋû Ļbh ĵŹjh ŰĿųj j ķ ģ ĹĴh j kɀŎh ;i AŌh Łh Dĵ
j nZjžk ŏɉ‹
ğ
ğ
i
û žh jŒţû i= m ĵųh ȫğ ɂh Ŭh ˈŔȕh Ŵjû Ų jĬ‹
Ůj ûȎ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ĵšq śjh ũ űû Źi ŸźŁi bi ĺ
ˌp j
h i Šh h û i ğ i Šh û h h Ģhli e û i
̜ `bȒ
j ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjKĵȍ‹ ĶɳŔ= ūjɌʤb= ô ĵųj ŰŞŲ
i h h l ih û h h ğ i ih ğ i q h û i i i ûh hûhh
űû ȲŵǾŲh AźȡǨ
= ŴŽjȓj ɉ ^źŪȫ űȪ ĵšžjƦ űŸǬƗ _źɆb
m
i imhh i h û i h
i Ŭi ĵŲğ űŸi >i Ȣh Ǩ
h i ^ĵh hũbh ðűû Źi Ŷh ɀû hķ ĵŶh ûŰɆğ Ōh hŦ űô û ȱ
űû ļŶ
>ȢǨb űļŵ=
h iiûh h ğ
ğ Šhh h
i
ü h Źőh jĬĭ
`j? űû ȲŶh ûɀɅh bh ĵŶh Ŷh ûɀhķ ˊʼnž
j ķ ǏŭŦ ̝ `bʼnĸšȩ ĵŵĵŽj?
j
ûh Ġi l i h h i
i h h û h ği
h ŰŧŠʀh hů űû Ȳj
ĻIĵĸjŠ Ŵȭ ĵŶŬ
ōp ŧȫ ȁ AźŰĸû ȩ ūj ɉĵŶh Ÿ ̞ ǻj
j
û
h ğ h
ğ h lm Ġ i h û hh û h m ğ
h űi Źi Š Ƌhůźû Ɋh jĬ‹
ĵŲğ űŹi Ŷû ȭ Ůŗbh ˌŨj k ơ‹
Ǔj? AbIKb ĺ
ô ŧŰŎ= ĵŲ
hû h mh ğ
h ih ûh l i h
i ii ûh h ûi
j Ɓ‹b j;ĵųŏɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
P˱
ũLŋŽ ŴŲ Ůũ ̟ `bǛ
ŧȬ Aźŵǽ
h
ûi hh hŠ h û û h h û ğ
i û h ğh
ğ h ûů‹ Fi ŋƞ
Ŵjh Ų ƻ
Ŵ
Ų
b
ŋ
ɻ
ķ
Ɓ‹
b
ş
ų
ŏɉ‹
ūj
ŰųȬ ŴŲ=
j
hû û k h i h h h û
û
û ih
h žk ųh û ɉ‹ Fi ŋň
k ů‹ Ŵjh Ų ĺ
j j žk ųh ɉ‹
ô ŋh ɊƁ‹ ŋi j ķʼnŽ ŴŲb ƻ
j
j
j Ɇb ĺ
h i h hhh û ih iğ h i ih h h
i Šh h
i ğ űi Ȳj
Ĭ‹
ůɶŦ ̠ `źŪļğ ȩ ƆŦ= ŮŪȯ ôĬ‹
`źɉźŪžŏŦ
h
h i h û i Šğ h i Šh ğ ğ k hû h û h h h h Ġ hû i i Ġ h
Ļ ƭɂŦ ð ŮʄŘɉ‹ ƅj? Ũj ơ‹ ʼnšȨ AJĵųȯð Ũơ‹ űȲɅK
`źŦDz
h
h ğ l i h h ğ hh h kh i h h û ğ h h h h
ƅ űû Źi ȫɁ Aźm Ūŏh Ŧ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ȇ ūjɅK ĺųj ǿ ĺŪń ūj ɉŠɶŬ ̡
oppression is only against yourselves— (you only
enjoy)a the enjoyment of the Earlier Life, then to Us
is your pl return and We will inform youpl of what
you used to do. 24 Indeed, the parable of the Earlier
Life is but like water that We sent down from the
sky, then it was absorbed by the plants of the
earth—from which mankind and cattle eat—until,
when the earth has put on its decorations and is
adorned and its inhabitants think that they have
mastered it, Our command comes upon it by night
or by day and We turn it into stubble, as if it had not
flourished the day before. Thus We detail the signs
for people who reflect. 25 And Allah invites to the
Home of Peace and guides whomever He wills to a
straight path. 26 For those who have done good is the
best and (even) more, and neither gloom nor
humiliation overwhelms their faces. Those are the
fellows of the Garden (of Paradise); therein they abide.
But those who have earned evil deeds— the
27
repayment of an evil deed shall be the like of it, and
humiliation overwhelms them; they will have no
safeguard from Allah, as if their faces have been
covered with dark patchesb of night. Those are the
fellows of the Fire; therein they abide. 28 And on the
day when We herd them all together, then say to
those who ascribed associates (to God), “To your
place, you and your associates.” Then We separatedc
between them, and their associates said, “It was not
us youpl used to worship. 29 So Allah is sufficient as
a witness between us and youpl. Decidedly, we were
indeed oblivious to your pl worship.” 30 There and
then every single self experiencesd what it has
previously done. And they were returnedc to Allah,
their True Patron, and whatever they used to
fabricate strayed away from them. 31 Saysg, “Who
(else then) provides for you from the heaven and the
earth? And who controls the hearing and the
sight (s)? And who brings out the living from the
dead and brings out the dead from the living? And
who governs every matter?” So they will say,
“Allah.” So saysg, “Will youpl never be mindful (of
God)? 32 For that is Allah, your true Lord, so what is
All except Hafs read it as: “O mankind, your oppression against yourselves is (only) the enjoyment of the Earlier Life . . .”
Ibn Kathir, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . covered by the dark phase of the night.”
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . every single self reads what it has previously done.”
Qa
Qb
139
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
ûh ûi
i û hû l i h û h ğ i m h h i
h
û
űğ Ȫ Ũh ŰƢ‹
A>ʼnĸȬ ŴŲ űȲjɋȢǨ ŴjŲ ŮŸ Ůũ ̢ `źŶji ŲİiŽ
i i i
h i h û i Šğ h h i i i ğ i h û hû l i h û h i ğ
`źŭŦİĻ ƭ
ɂŦ ÿð aʼnžjšŽ űȪ ŨŰƢ‹ A>ʼnĸȬ Ĭ‹ Ůj ũ ÿô iaʼnž
jšŽ
ûh ûi
k hû h m û h ğ i m h h i
i ğ Ůiũ Ũ
Ĭ‹
j ˏ j ơ‹ Ǔj? djʼnŹȬ ŴŲ űȲjɋȢǨ ŴjŲ ŮŸ Ůũ ̣
h ğ h
h û h
h h û
ûh
m ʼnŹû Ȭh Ŵųh ȯh = ˍŨk Ņ
h Ǔj ? dj
ŴŲğ = şh ĸh ȽiŽ `= ŨĠ ńh = Ũj k ơ‹
j Űj ɉ djʼnŹȬ
h i ûh h h i h h Š h û i h m ğ m k h ğ
ʼnŹȬ `= ƅj? djʼnŹj Ž ƅ
̤ `źųi ŭƕ ťžû Ŭ űû Ȳů ĵųh ȯ ðc
ğ ğ ĝ h ğ û i ih û h i ğh hh
h û Ŵjh Ų ƴŤû Ȭi ƅh Ŵğ Şů‹
Ũj k ơ‹
`j? ô ĵŶŝ ƅj? űŸǜȱ= şjĸȽŽ ĵŲb
j
h h h h
h i û
h ğ `ğ ? ô ĵnZe žû őh
i ŰŠh Ĭ‹
AŊŠɪ `ǽ ĵŲh bh ̥ `źŰšh ŧȬh ĵųh j ķ ü űžj
j
h
ğ h û h
hŠ h ğ
i hû iû
i
h h ŧû Ȭi `= `A
Š Ǜ
;ŋŪů‹
djȑ‹ ŨŽjʼnŕĻ ŴȲ
j ɧb jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ c
h
û
h ûhh û hh hûh
h
k ğ
h ûh
B
j K ŴjŲ jŷžjȯ ĶɆK ƅ Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹ Ůžŕj ŧȩb jŷŽʼnŽ ǻȨ
û k h i l iûh ûi iŠ hh û h i i h ûh
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹
ĀjŷjŰĿjŲ p ˅Kźŏjȵ AźĻɂŦ Ůũ ðŷƊǛȯ‹ `źɉźŪȬ _= ̦ ǻ
j
l
i
û h
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭ `? jĬğ ‹ `bIi ŴjŲk űļi šû śh ļh Ŏ‹
û ŴŲh AźŠi I‹
ǻj
b
j
j
j
û l i i ûh h l iğ h ûh
ii û h û û h ğ h h
ÿô ŷŰɆjbįĻ űŹj j ĻįŽ ĵųɉb Ājŷųj Űšj j ķ AźśžjƘ űɉ ĵųjķ AźķŊŬ Ůķ ̧
h
i h h h h h i h
h ȑ‹ğ Bh Ŋğ Ŭh ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh
Ĺĸh jŪŠɢ `ǽ ťžû Ŭ ŋû ŞŵĭŦ ðűû Źj j Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
ğ
û ğ
û
h ųjۊɾů‹
Ŵji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŲğ űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh Ājŷjķ Ŵji ŲİiŽ ŴŲğ űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh ̨ ǻ
j
h h Ġhh
k ih h iğ h
h ʼn jŏŧû ųi û ɉĭķ űi hŰŠû = ū
ɅKb Ājôŷjķ
Ǔj ŮŪȯ ]ź
ķŊŬ `˯ ̩ ŴŽj
j
h
h
h
úh h ih û m ğ h im h i û i i h h û i hh h h
ĵŵɁb Ůųȭ= ĵųjɊ `źnZɆŋj ķ űļŵ= ðűȲŰųȭ űȲůb ǔj ųȭ
h ihûh ğ k x m h
h h h i h ûh ğ iû h
ôūȎû j ? `źšųj ļŏȹ ŴŲ űŹŶjŲb ̪ `źŰųšȩ ĵųjɊ ;dŋj ķ
h l i h h
h i
Ġ şi ųŏû i ȶ ĺŵ
h hįhŦh=
ŴŲğ űŹi Ŷjû Ųbh ̫ `źŰŪj šû Ȭh ƅ Aźŵǽ źû ɉbh űğ ŕɉ‹
j
h i û i h l i h ûh h h û i û
h h i h
û h h hįhŦh= ū
`bDz
j ĸȬ ƅ Aźŵǽ źɉb ǖšů‹ djʼnŹȩ ĺŵ
ô ûȎj? ŋi ŞŶŽ
h ğȍ‹ Ŵğ ȲŠɧh bh ĵnZq žû őh Mĵ
h ğȍ‹ űji ŰŞû Ȭh ƅh Ĭ‹
h ğ `ğ ? ̬
Mĵ
j
j
ğ lm ihûh û ğ h h û i i i ûh h û h h
û
h
i h
ƅj? AźĿĸŰŽ űů `įŬ űŸǬƘ _źɆb ̭ `źųji ŰŞȬh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ=
l iğ h h ğ h h ûh û ihûh h ih hhh hğ h k q h h
AźķŊŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ǫj Ň ʼnũ űô ŹŶɀķ `źŦKĵšļȬ jKĵŹȍ‹ ŴjŲ ĹŠĵŎ
h
ğ jmh
h i ğ
h ʼnļh Źû Ɋi l Aźiŵǽh ĵŲh bh jĬ‹
Ŗšû Ȩh ūŶğ Ɇh jŋŵ ĵŲ˯
̮ ŴŽj
;ĵŪj Űjķ
there beyond the truth except misguidance? So how
then are you turned away?” 33 Thus yoursg Lord’s
Word a proved true against those who defiantly
disobeyed: that they do not believe. 34 Saysg, “Can
any of your pl associates (whom you ascribed to God)
originate creation then restore it?” Saysg, “Allah
originates creation then restores it, so how can they
be averted (from the truth)?” 35 Say, “Can any of your
associates (whom you ascribed to God) guide to the
truth?” Say, “Allah guides to the truth. Is the One
Who guides to the truth more worthy of being
followed or the one who finds no guidanceb (for
himself or for others) unless he is guided? So what is the
matter with youpl? How do you judge?” 36 Thus most
of them follow nothing but assumptions; indeed,
assumptions avail nothing against the truth. Indeed,
Allah is All-Aware of what they do. 37 And never
could this Recitalc have been fabricated by anyone
despite Allah. Rather, (it is) a confirmation of what
preceded it and a detailed elaboration of the
inscribed (decrees). There is no doubt about it— (it is)
from the Lord of all realms. 38 Or do they say, “He
has fabricated it”? Saysg, “Then produce a single
surahd like it and call upon whomever you can apart
from Allah, if you are truthful.” 39 Rather, they have
disbelieved in what they could not encompass with
their knowledge and the interpretation of which has
not yet reached them. Thus those before them
disbelieved as well, so look what the outcome was
for the unjustpl. 40 And of them are those who believe
in it, and of them are those who do not believe in it.
And yoursg Lord knows better of the corrupters. 41
And if they disbelieve yousg, say, “I have my doing
and youpl have your doing; you are innocent of what
I do, and I am innocent of what you do.” 42 And of
them are those who listen to yousg. But can you
make the deaf hear, even if they do not reason? 43
And of them are those who look at you. But can you
guide the blind, even though they do not see? 44
Indeed, Allah does not do injustice to mankind in
anything, but mankind do injustice to themselves.
And on the day when He herdse them, (it will be) as
45
if they had remained for only one hour of a day,
getting to knowone another. Those who disbelieved
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Words”.
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . or the one who cannot guide (anyone) unless he is guided?”
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
d
Each portion of the Qur’an is called a surah, which is sometimes translated as ‘chapter’.
Qe
All except for Hafs read it as: “. . . when We herd them . . .”
Qa
Qb
140
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
ğ
h ğhğhhh ûh û i i h
f Źőh Ĭ‹
i ğ űğ Ȫi űû Źi ši Łŋû Ɋh ĵŶh ûȎh ıhŦ ū
ʼnž
Ŷžȯźļȫ b= űŸʼnjšŵ djȑ‹
j
j
j
i ki h
i
m h h x
h i h û h h Šh h
űû Źi ɉźŎi Kh ;h ĵŁh AJjıŦ ð ^źŎi Kğ pĹŲğ = Ȃj
j ůb ̯ `źŰšŧȬ ĵŲ ȇ
û
h i ihh
h h û h i
h j iũ
Š h Ųh `ź
Ʋ
ɉźŪɆb ̰ `źųi ŰŞȬi ƅ űû Ÿbh řj ŏû jŪůĭjķ űŹi Ŷh ûɀhķ DŽ
û i h mğ i
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi `? ʼni Šû źh û ɉ‹ AŊh Šɪh
ƿj ŧh jȍ ūj ŰɊû = ƅ Ůũ ̱ ǻj
j
mh h h f h h ğ i k i i ğ h m h h ğ e û h h h kq h
;ĵŁ AJj? ô ŮŁ= Ĺg Ų= Ȃj
j ů ñĬ‹ ;ĵő ĵŲ ƅj? ĵšŧȫ ƅb ˊǰ
h qh
ûi
û
h
h
û ļh ŏû h ȹ Ɔh hŦ űû Źi iŰŁh h=
n
Ůũ ̲ `źɊji ʼnŪļh ŏû h ȹ ƅbh ĹŠĵŎh `bŋi ň
Z
j
i û h û h h ğ q h h ûh eŠhh ii h h û i Š hh û û i ûh hh
Ůł
j šļŏȹ AJĵŲ ˊKĵŹȫ b= ĵļɱķ ÿŷķAŊŠ űȲƋĻɁ `j? űļȬ;K=
h i û iû iû
i ŲAh ;h şh Ȱh bh ĵŲh AJh ? űğ Ȫi Ɂh ̳ `ź
hŴ˜ûů<;h mĀjŷķ űļŶ
Ɋŋj łųɉ‹ ŷŶjŲ
j
ôj
l ih h h ğ h ği
i
h
h
ûh û
i i ûhh
AźųŰŝ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ŮžjȰ űȪ ̴ `źŰł
j šļŏȶ Ājŷjķ űļŶŬ ʼnũb
h
û h i i h ğ h û h û i û h û iû h h h l i i
j Ƣ‹ BAŊŠ AźũbJ
`źĸi jŏȲĻ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ ƅj? `bŌƏ ŮŸ Ȓ
h
m h h xk h h i ğ m k h h
ûi i
h h
h ̵
ĵŲb ð Ũơ ÿŷŵj? ȗj Kb dj? Ůũ ðźh Ÿ ŨĞ ńh = ūŵźnZi j ĸ˪ļh ŏû h ȹbø
ki ğ h ûh h
û ųh hŰŝh ōŧû ȫh Ȃj
i h=
h Ōłšû ųi ķ űļŵ
Ǎj ĵŲh ĺ
ů
`
=
ź
ɉ
b
̶
ŴɆ
p
j
j
j
j
hû
û hhû h
hBAŊh šh ûů‹ l Abi h=Kh ĵųğ h ɉ Ĺh ŲAh ʼnh ğȍ‹ l AbǦ
hĠ h=bh Ājŷķ D
j Ɓ‹
ð
ñ j ʼnļȯ˔ P˱
û
h h û h i
ğ ğ m hh
h j iũbh
ĵŲh jĬj `j? ƅɁ ̷ `źųi ŰŞȬi ƅ űû Ÿbh řj ŏû jŪůĭjķ űŹi Ŷh ûɀhķ DŽ
hû h
h xk h ğ h û ğ m h h
h h ğ Ǎ
Ŵğ Ȳ
j Š ɧbh Ũń jĬ‹ ʼnŠbh `j? ƅɁ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˍ j Ɓ‹b D
j
h
h ih û h h û i hh û h
i ųj Ɇi bh Āƻû iŽ źh Ÿi ̸ `ź
jŷûȎ˯ ĺž
ųŰšȬ ƅ űŸǜȱ=
j
x h
h i ğ hĠhĢh
h
i
i û m
ŴjŲk ĹŞjŠźû Ųğ űȲĻ;h ĵŁh ʼnû ũ Mĵ
ȍ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ ̹ `źši Łh ŋû Ļ
i kğ
h û Kh bh cʼnq Ÿi bh Kbʼni ŕɉ‹
Ġ Ǎ ĵųjh k ɉ x;mĵŧjh őbh űû Ȳ
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ků xĹƧ
ǻj
j
j
j ɅK
û h ûi
ğ
h û ŋh Ʌbh jĬ‹
xǞû Ňh źh Ÿi l Aźńi ŋh ŧû žh ûŰhŦ ūjh ɉŠɶh ĸhŦ ĀjŷjļƧ
Ůj Řŧjķ Ůũ ̺
j
j
h
ûh
i h iğ hh h m ğ iûhhh ûi
^Ōŵ= ĵŲ űļȬ;K= Ůũ ̻ `źši ųh ƒ ĵųjğ Ɋk
\p Lû jKk ŴjŲk űȲů Ĭ‹
hh h i h h h iğ mh ûi q h h h q h h iû k iû h h h
ȇ _û = ðűû Ȳů `jJ= Ĭ
A; Ůũ ƆŠʄńb ĵŲAŋń ŷŶjŲ űļŰšłŦ
hh h ih ûh h ğ Ġ h hh
h ih ûh ğ
ğ
ŧȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ŵŝ ĵŲb ̼ `bǛ
ŧȩ jĬ‹
jĬ‹ ȇ `bǛ
hh
û h ih hğ ğ h Šh û h ûh h h û
j ğȍ‹ ȇ Ůg ŘŦ bȑ Ĭ‹
`j? ˍjĹųɱjŪů‹ _źŽ BjŊŭů‹
Mĵ
in the meeting with Allah have certainly lost, and
they were not guided. 46 Whether We do show yousg
some of what We promise them or take you at death,
to Us is their return. Then Allaha is witness to
whatever they do. 47 And for every community there
is a messenger. So when their messenger comes,
matters are decreed between them with justice, and
they are not dealt with unjustly. 48 And they say,
“When will this promise be fulfilled, if youpl are
truthful?” 49 Say, “I have no power to harm or
benefit (even) myself, except as Allah wills. For
every community there is a (specified) term. When
their term has arrived, they cannot then delay by
one hour nor can they advance. 50 Say, “Have you
seen: if His punishment overtakes you pl by
nighttime or by day, what part of it will the
criminals seek to hasten?” 51 “Then is it only when
it befalls that you believe in it? Now? While
(challengingly,) you have been asking for it to be
hastened?” 52 Then it was said b to those who
committed injustice, “Taste the punishment of
eternity. Are you being repaid except in accordance
with what you used to earn?” 53 And they inquire of
yousg, “Is it true?” Say, “Yes, by my Lord, it is most
surely true, and in no way can youpl thwart (God).”
And if every single self which had committed
54
injustice possessed whatever is in the earth, it would
offer it as a ransom. And they hidb their remorse
when they saw the punishment, and it was judged
between them equitably. And they are not dealt with
unjustly. 55 Undoubtedly, to Allah does belong
whatever is in the heavens and the ear th.
Undoubtedly, the promise of Allah is indeed true,
but most of them do not know. 56 He gives life and
causes death, and to Him youpl are returnedc. 57 O
mankind, there has come to you an admonition
from your Lord and a cure for what lies within the
chests and guidance and mercy for the believers. 58
Saysg, “In Allah’s grace and in His mercy—in that
then, let them rejoice; it is better than what they
hoardd.” 59 Saysg, “Have youpl seen the provision
Allah has sent down for you, some of which you
made unlawful and some lawful?” Saysg, “Did
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and to Him you return.”
Qd
Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . let them rejoice; it is better than what youpl hoard.”
Roways read it as: “. . . do rejoicepl; it is better than what you hoard.”
a
b
141
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
û h
h i û h i h h û h ğ Šh h
i i h
`p įő Ǎj `źȲĻ ĵŲh bh ̽ `bŋi ŭŒhȹ ƅ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= ŴȲ
j ɧb
ğ
h i h h
h
iû l iûh hh
hûi
ƅj? Ůg ųh ȭ Ŵjû Ų `źŰųh šû ȩ ƅbh `A
p ;ŋũ ŴjŲ ŷŶjŲ AźŰļȩ ĵŲb
h i i û e i i hh i
h
ŴŠ Bi Ōi šû Ȭh ĵŲh bh jŷˏ žjȯ `źŘžjŧĻ Jj? AIźŹi ő űû Ȳžû ŰŠ ĵŶğ Ŭ
hû
h
mhh mh ğ
h
hûk
h kğ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj p ˅Kğ J ^ĵ
ƅb j;ĵųŏɉ‹ Ǎj ƅbh P˱
j ŪĿjŲ ŴjŲ ūjɅK
m hh
h û h
û h m h h h Šh
Ġ ĶŠɮjh Ŭ Ǎ ƅğ ? ǚ
hhȱ
h
ə
Ŵj
Ų
ŋ
Ť
Ŕ=
ƅɁ ̾ ǻ
ĸ
Ų
=
ƅ
b
ūj
ɉ
j j
g j p
h
hh f h h ğ m
ğ
h i ûh i h
̿ `źŵŌh Ƙ űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ [źû Ň ƅ jĬ‹ ;h ĵhȎj bû = `j?
h iğh l i hh l i h h h ğ
h û iȼûů‹ űi Źi h ɉ ̀ `ź
h û Ǎj c
Š Ǭ
j CźŠ žh ơ‹
ŪļȬ AźŵȢb AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
û
h
h
h
ûĠ
h i h
ğ
h
ûh h
Li źû ŧů‹ źh Ÿ ūj ɉŠə jôĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ʅj Ȁj ů ŮŽjʼnĸȩ ƅ ˏj Cŋjh Ň˖‹ ȝj bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
i e h ğ h ğ û ğ òû i i û h h i û h h h
i Şj šh ûů‹
źh Ÿ ô ĵšžj
Ʀ jĬj CŌjšů‹ `j? űŹɉźũ ūŵŌƘ ƅb ́ űž
h h ğ Ǎ ŴŲh jĬğ j `ğ ? mƅh Ɂh ͂ űžj
ğ
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
Ǎj ŴŲh bh D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j
hû
mhh i ğ
h i ûh h ğ i ğh hh
i
`j? ô ;h ȢǨ
jĬ‹ `b
ˍ j Ɓ‹
j I ŴjŲ `źŠʼnŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ şjĸȽŽ ĵŲb P˱
ğ h ğ
ğ i
ûh ğ i û
h
ğ
djȑ‹ źh Ÿ ̓ `źŔi ŋi ƞ ƅj? űû Ÿ `˯ Ŵğ Şů‹ ƅj? `źši j ĸȽhŽ
l ii û h h ğ i h hh h
ğ e ûi h hğ h
Ǎj `j? ôˑDz
j ĸŲ KĵŹȍ‹b jŷžjȯ AźŶŭŏȽj ů ŮûȎ‹ űi Ȳů ŮšŁ
h iğ h hğ l i h
h k Šh
h
h h
‹ Ŋƛ‹ Aźɉĵũ ̈́ `źši ųh ŏû h ȹ ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
ñ ˑȐq bh Ĭ
p ɔ˗ ūj ɉŠə
hû
hû hi ih h û i
h
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh ÿȔi h ƴ
P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˏ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲbh D
j
ð Ġ j Ťů‹ źŸ ÿð ŷŶŠɳĸŎ
h
û
û
ğ hh h i ihh mh
i h
Š `j?
ƅ ĵŲh jĬ‹ ȇ `źɉźŪȩɁ ôˑŊŠʇh j ķ ˨Šɽh ŰŎi ŴjŲk űȱʼnŶj
h h h û ğ hh h ih ûh h ğ ğ ûi
h h h
ƅ Bj
Ŋŭů‹ jĬ‹ ȇ `bǛŧȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? Ůũ ͅ `źųi Űšû ȩ
h i ûi
i i i
x hh
û h hûh ğ i hû Ġ
űi Źi ŪŽjŊŵ űğ Ȫ űû Źi ši Ł
j ŋɊ ĵŶȎj? űȪ ĵžȫȐ‹ Ǎj şŠɮŲ ͆ `źŅj ŰŧȬ
h h iû h
ğ h h hû
h iû l i h
h ʼnŒɉ‹
BAŊšů‹
űû Źj žû ŰŠ ŮĻ‹bø
͇ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ʼnŽj
h h h û
h h
i h h
i h h hih h h
g ŵ įĸh ȫ
Ŭ `ǽ `j? _j źû ŪŠɔ ĀjŷŲj źû Ūj ů ^ĵũ Jj? Gź
űȲžû ŰŠ ǚ
lm i û hh i ûğhh ğ h h h ğ
ûhh
hğ
h
AźšjƦįŦ ĺȣźĻ jĬ‹ ǔšȯ jĬ‹ ĺ
j ŪŲ
j Š ɔ˲ dǞj
j ŬŊĻb Ǖĵ
h i
h i i mhh i h û ih ûh
q i i hh i
b űȡ ŋ Ɋ=
Ĺųğ Ȯ űû Ȳžû ŰŠ űû ȱŋi Ɋû = Ŵû ȲhŽ ƅ űğ Ȫ űû ȱ;h ȢǨ
h
ğ h h
h
i û
i j iĻ ƅh bh Ǔğ h j ? l Aźm Ři ûũ‹ űğ Ȫi
űȲiȋɂŎh ĵųh ȯ űû ļi ûȎźh Ļ `jıŦ ͈ `b
j ŋŞŶ
Allah give youpl permission, or do you fabricate lies
and attribute them to Allah?” 60 And what
assumption do those who fabricate lies and attribute
them to Allah have about the Day of Resurrection?
Most surely, Allah is the Possessor of grace towards
mankind, but most of them do not give thanks. 61
For yousg do not engage in any affair, nor do yousg
read any (portion) of the Recitala , nor do youpl do
anything, but We are witnessing over youpl as you
undertake it. And not even the weight of an atom in
the earth or in the heaven escapes yoursg Lordb, for
nothing smaller than this nor largerc but is in an
evident recordd. 62 Undoubtedly, Allah’s allies—
indeed no fear shall be upon them, nor shall they
grieve: 63 those who have attained faith and have
been mindful (of God). 64 For them are glad tidings in
the Earlier Life and in the Hereafter. There is no
exchange for the words of Allah; that is the great
triumph. 65 And let not their statements sadden
yousg. Indeed, all might belongs to Allah; He is the
All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. 66 Undoubtedly, to
Allah does belong everyone in the heavens and
everyone in the earth. And those who call upon
others apart from Allah do not follow associates (of
Him); rather they follow nothing but assumptions,
and they do nothing but guess. 67 It is He Who made
the night for youpl, that you may rest therein, and
the day allowing sight. Most surely in that are signs
for people who (can) hear. 68 They said, “Allah has
taken (for Himself) offspring.” Highly Exalted is He;
He is the Self-Sufficient; to Him belongs whatever
is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. Do
youpl have any manifestation regarding this? Are
you saying about Allah what you do not know? 69
Saysg, “Those who fabricate lies and attribute them
to Allah do not succeed.” 70 Enjoyment in the Earlier
(Life), then to Us is their return, then We make them
taste the severe punishment on account of how they
used to deny. 71 And read sg to them the story of
Noah, when he said to his people, “O my people, if
my presence among you and my reminding you of
Allah’s signs is too much for you, then in Allah I
have placed my trust. So agree together about your
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qc
Hamza, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . escapes yoursg Lord, nor is there anything smaller or larger but is in an evident
record.”
d
Literally ‘scripture’.
a
b
142
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
h i h û h i û ih ğ hh ğ h û h û û h û k
Ŵjh Ų `źȱ= `= D
ŋjɊ=b ðjĬ‹ ȇ ƅj? dŋj Ł= `j? ˌŋg Ł= ŴjŲ
û iû
ğ h h
h ğ hh
h
û û
h ğ h
ū
j Űŧů‹ Ǎj ÿŷi šŲ ŴŲbh ŷi Šɰžû łŶȯ iaźiķŊŭŦ ͉ ǻųj j Űŏųi ɉ‹
i h
h l ğ h h ğ h û h û hh h Ģh h û iŠh û h h h
ŋû ŞŵĭŦ ðĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ AźiķŊŬ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ĵŶȰŋţ=b ťjɌˁŇ űŹɰŰšŁb
h iû ih h h h hûh
i
û
h KŊŶ
Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ĵŶh Ŀšh Ȩh űğ Ȫ ͊ ŴɆ
j ųɉ‹ ĹĸjŪŠɢ `ǽ ťžŬ
l i ûi l i h hh
h h e
i m h h
h û
AźŶjŲİȎj Aźŵǽ ĵųȯ ĺ
j Šɰjžk hȊĭjķ űŸb;i ĵłŦ űû Źj Ɋj źû ũ ǓŠ j ? ƆŎi Ki
l ğ h
i i Šh h i h û h h Šh h i û h
Bź
şĸśȫ ūj ɉɶŬ ô ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ Ājŷjķ AźiķŊŬ ĵųh j ķ
j Űũ ȇ
h h h Š h Ġ
i
û
h ʼnļh šû ųi û ɉ‹
ǓŠ j ? `bŋi Šɪbh ƽź
Ų űjŸʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ĵŶh Ŀšh Ȩh űğ Ȫ ͋ ŴŽj
û Ġ q û h l i hh l i h û h û h h Šh
l ŽƄh Ɋh bh `h źû Šh ŋjû Ŧ
h Ųŋƣ
˲
Āj
ŷ
Ų
ź
ũ
Aź
ǻj
ĵ
ŵ
Ȣ
b
Ab
ǚ
ŭ
ļ
Ŏĭ
Ŧ
ĵ
Ŷ
ļ
ɔ
j
j
j
û
l
h
i
û ɉ AŊh Šɪh `ğ ? Aźm ɉĵhũ ĵhŵjʼnŶjŠ Ŵjû Ų ŨĠ ơ‹
h űi Ÿi ;h m ĵŁh ĵųğ hŰhŦ ͌
ŋx Ņ
jŏ
j
i m h h k h û h i ihh Ģ h i h h
û Ŏh= űû ȱ
x ĸŲĠ
ŋf Ņj
Ɋ ^ĵũ ͍ ǻ
ð ;h ĵŁ ĵųğ ɉ Ũj ŅŰj ɉ `źɉźŪȩɁ ƽź
j
h
h
û
l
i
h i Šğ i û i h h Šh
h
h
m h
ĵųğ ȭ ĵŶh ļh jŧŰȋh j ĵŶh ȽĴû Ł
j ɹů‹ Ńj ŰŧȬ ƅb AŊɪ
j = Aźɉĵũ ͎ `bŋŅ
hû
mi h û û h i h h i h h h h m h h û h h h û h h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ;ĵɆǚj
P˱
j ŭů‹ ĵųŭů `źȲĻb ĵŵ;ĵķA; jŷžŰŠ ĵŵʼnŁb
i h i ûh hh
ki
i ȧ‹û `i źû Šh ŋjû Ŧ ^ĵh hũbh ͏ ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ųi ķ ĵųh ŭ
Ůj Ȳjķ Țź
ļ
ů ŴƗ ĵŲb
j
j
l iûh Ģ h Ġ ih h h ih h ğ hm h ğ hh
h
Šh
AźŪůɁ ƽźŲ űŹɉ ^ĵũ CŋŅŏɉ‹ ;ĵŁ ĵųŰŦ ͐ ˈžj
j ɜ
p ŰŠ ŋg Ņ
h iû Ġ i h mh
h Ɋi ^ĵh hũ l Aźû Ūh ûůɁh m ĵųğ hŰhŦ ͑ `ź
h ƽź
Š
jŷjķ űļi Ĵû Ł
ĵ
Ų
ŪŰŲ űļŵ= ĵŲ
j
h hğ ğ m ii ûi h hğ ğ i û k
h h
`j? ÿŷŰśj ĸɀŎ Ĭ‹ `j? ð ŋŅŏɉ‹
Ůųh ȭ Ńji Űŕû iŽ ƅ Ĭ‹
j
û
h h
h
i ğ ŨĠ Ņ
h ʼn jŏŧû ųi û ɉ‹
h Ĭ‹
ah ŋj Ŭ źû ɉbh ĀjŷjļŠʅjh ŰȲjķ Ũğ ơ‹
j Ɇi bh ͒ ŴŽj
h i û iû
Š h h ĀjŷŲj źû hũ ŴjŲk xĹɆğ Kk Ji ƅğ j ? ƽź
Ģ h ųji ɉ Ŵh ŲAh ;h m ĵųh ȯh ͓ `ź
ȇ
Ɋŋj łųɉ‹
j
h
hh h h ûh û
û
ğ
h h
k
û h
`źû Šŋjû Ŧ `˯ űô û Źi Ŷh j ļŧȬh `= űû Źj l ŽƄ
j Ɋb `źŠŋj Ŧ ŴjŲ [p źŇ
hû
h ȯǪû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵh ųhɉ ÿŷi ğŵ˯ P˱
hh
Š h Ɋi ^ĵh hũbh ͔ ǻj
j
ƽź
Ɓ‹ Ǎj ^ĵ
j
p šů
j
ğ
i Ŭi `? l Aźm iȣğ źh hĻ jŷžû hŰšh ȯh jĬĭ
i h h ûi i
ûh h
űļŶ
j
j ķ űļŶŲA; űļŶŬ `j? _j źŪŠɔ
ûğ h ğ hh l i h h
û ûh h
q
h ųjŰŏû ŲĠ
ĹŶh ļjû Ŧ ĵŶh Űšh Ə ƅ ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ĵŶh ȣźh Ļ jĬ‹ ȇ AźɉĵŪȯ ͕ ǻ
j
h
û
û
h
ğ û hûk
h hû h hk h
h
h ŋjŧŠʃů‹ _j źû Ūh ů‹ Ŵjh Ų ū
ŴɆ
j ļƧŋjķ ĵŶƑ
j b ͖ ǻųj j ۊɾů‹ _j źŪŰj ů
j
decision and your associatesa, and do not let the
matter perplex youpl; then carry out your decision
on me and do not reprieve me. 72 But if youpl turn
away, then (know that) I have not asked you for any
reward; my reward is only from Allah, and I was
commanded to be of the Muslimsb.” 73 But they
disbelieved him, then We delivered him and those
with him in the ship and made them successors, and
We drowned those who disbelieved in Our signs;
so look sg at what the outcome was for those
forewarned! 74 Then, after him, We sent messengers
to their people, and they came to them with evident
proofs, but they would not believe in anything they
had disbelieved in previously. Thus We set a seal
on the hearts of the transgressors. 75 Then, after
them, We sent Moses and Aaron with Our signs to
Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they acted arrogantly
and were a criminal people. 76 And when the truth
came to them from Us, they said, “Most surely, this
is evident sorcery.” 77 Moses said, “Is this what youpl
say of the truth when it has come to you? Is this
sorcery, when sorcerers are never successful?” 78
They said, “Have you come to us to divert us from
what we found our fathers practicing, and so that
you both become prominent in the land? For we will
never believe in youc.” 79 And Pharaoh said, “Bringpl
me every knowledgeable sorcererd.” 80 Then when
the sorcerers came, Moses said to them, “Throw
whatever you will throw.” 81 So when they threw,
Moses said, “What you produced is sorcerye;
indeed, Allah will nullify it; indeed, Allah does not
set aright the work of the corrupters. 82 And Allah
upholds the truth with His words, even if the
criminals dislike it.” 83 But none believed in Moses
except some of the offspring of his people, while
fearing that Pharaoh and their chiefs would
persecute them. And most surely, Pharaoh is highly
exalted in the land, and he isf most surely of the
extremists. 84 Thus Moses said, “O my people, if
you have attained faith in Allah, then in Him place
Roways read it as: “So bring together all your matters, and so should your associates . . .”
Rouh read it as: “So agree together about your decision, and so should your associates . . .”
b
The Arabic word used is Muslimeen which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
c
Addressing Moses and Aaron.
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Bring pl me every knowledgeable, proficient sorcerer.”
Qe
Abu ʻAmr and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “What you have produced—is it sorcery? Indeed, Allah will nullify it . . .”
f
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
Qa
143
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
hh h i h mhû h ûhh
i û h hğhh h
h û ųj ķ ĵųh ŭj
Š Ɋ ǓŠ j ? ĵŶžńb=b ͗
Dz
Ų
ź
Ūj
ů
A
;
ź
ĸ
ȩ
`
=
j
ŷ
žj
Ň
=b ƽź
j
kh h h ğ l i hh qhû û i h ii l i h û h q ii
Ǭ
Ȱ=b ĹŰĸj ũ űȲĻźžȨ AźŰšŁ‹b ĵĻźžȨ
jj ȵbh ñ CźŠ Űŕɉ‹ Aźųžj
h h
h ğ mhğh Š h i h hh
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
h žû ȩAh ;h ū
`źû Šŋjû Ŧ ĺ
ŵj? ĵŶɅK ƽźɊ ^ĵũb ͘ ǻj
hh h h
q h ûhh qh
h l Ġ i h ğ h h û Ġ j Š h hû
i
Š
ŴŠ AźŰŘ
Ȏ
j
ĵ
Ŷ
Ʌ
K
ȫ
Ȑ‹
ĵ
ž
C
ź
ž
ơ‹
Ǎ
ƅ
ʆ
Ų
=
b
Ĺ
ŶɆ
L
ÿ
a
j
j
j ƂɊb
h
hh
i i Šh h û i û h û h û Ģh h û û h ğ h h
ƆŦ űû Źj j ɅźŰũ ȇ
Iʼnő‹b űŹj j ɉŠʆŲ= ȇ ōųj Ś‹ ĵŶɅK ðūj ŰžjȼŎh
l
h Łi= ʼnû hũ ^ĵh hũ ͙ űh Ȏj hƁ‹û BA
h Ŋh šh ûů‹ l Abi ŋh hŽ Ʋ
Š ğ ńh AźŶji Ųİû iŽ
ĺĸž
j
h h ğ h h kmh ğh hh h h û h h i ih û ğ
ƅ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ŮžjȼŎ `j ĵšjĸȽĻ ƅb ĵųžjŪļŎĭŦ ĵųȲĻźŠI
h
û h û hû h Ģh û m h hû hŠh h
h h
űû Źi šh ĸh ȩɂŦ ŋh Ņ
Ȋ‹ ŮŽj;ʴŎj? ƴj ȼjķ ĵŵLźɕbø ͚ `źųi Űšû Ȭh
h h i h û h ûh mh ğ h e û h h qû h ii i i h i û h û
Ģ ń ðˑbʼnŠb ĵžŤȨ ÿaIźŶŁb `źŠŋj Ŧ
^ĵũ \ŋh Ťů‹ ŷi ȡKh I= AJj? Ʋ
h i h
l
h
û Ŷh ŲAh ;h dj
m ȑ‹ğ ƅğ ? ŷh Š ɧh ? mƅh ÿŷi ğŵɁ ĺŶ
ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? Aźm Ŷi Ȩh Ājŷjķ ĺ
ŲA;h
j j
h ųjŰŏû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ú ĵhŵɁh bh
h ȡi bh Ůi ĸû Ȱh ĺ
h žû ŕh Šh ʼnû ũh bh Ŵh ˜ûů<;h ͛ ǻ
ĺŶ
j
û
ûiû h
h i
h
h k hi hûh h
h
Ŵû ųjh ɉ `źŭh jȋ ūj ŵʼnh ĸh j ķ ūžł
j Ŷȫ _źȎĭŦ ͜ ŴŽjʼn jŏŧųɉ‹ ŴjŲ
ğ qh h h hû h
h i hh h
h
q j ĿŬh `˯
ô ĹŽA; ūŧŰŇ
j ğȍ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ˊǞ
`źŰjŧŠʀů ĵŶh j ļŠɔA;h Ŵû ȭ Mĵ
û
h
û
h
û m hķ ĵhŵɁźğ hķ ʼnû Ūh hůbh ͝
Ŵjh Ųk űŹi Šɰh ũLh Kh bh \p ʼnû Ŕ
j =źğ ĸh Ųi ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏj ? ƴ
j
h ğh ğ iû û i i hm h Šğ h l ihh û h h
h ğ
ūɅK `j? űô Űjšů‹ űŸ;ĵŁ Ʋń AźŧŰļҋ ĵųȯ ĺ
j Šɭjžk śů‹
û
l i h h
û
h i ûh
͞ `źŧj Űļh ƞ jŷžjȯ Aźŵǽ ĵųžj
ȯ jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ DŽj ŪȬh
h
h ûh mhûh h m ğ k k h
h i
h ȑ‹ğ ŮnZh ŏû hŦ ū
Ȏj? ĵȍŌŵ= ĵųjɊ ū
ŴŽj
p ő Ǎj ĺŶŬ `jıŦ
j
h ihûh
h
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ `b
h û ]h ;h m ĵŁh ʼnû Ūh hů ôūjh Űĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ Ķ
ūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ŨĠ ơ‹
;ŋŪȬ
h i h hh
h i h hh
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫź
h Ǜh ųû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫź
ȲĻ ƅb ͟ ŴɆ
ŴŽj
Ȳ Ļ ƆŦ
j
h û h h i hh ğ
h l ğ h
h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? ͠ ŴɆ
h Ǫj Šɴ
ů‹ ŴjŲ `źŭļȯ jĬ‹ ĺ
ŴŽj
j Š ɔ˲ AźiķŊŬ
j
j
h
û m
h
û h h
û Ūğ ńh
i ųjh ǿh űû Źžû hŰŠh ĺ
űû Źi ȩ;h ĵŁh źû ɉbh ͡ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ūjɅk Kh ĺ
j
h û h h hû li h ğ h h Ġi
f h û h h hûhh
Š ń Ĺg ŽA;h ȁ
ĹɆh ŋû ũ ĺ
ŵǽ ƅźŰŦ ͢ űh Ȏj Ɓ‹ BA
Ŋšů‹ Abŋh Ž Ʋ
m h i
h ğ m h mhh hhh û hh h
û h h l
ĵŶh ŧŒŬ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ĵųğ ɉ ōh ȸźiŽ _h źû ũ ƅj? ĵŹh Ŷi Š ʅŽ
j ? ĵŹšŧŶȯ ĺŶŲA;
your trust, if you are (truly) Muslimsa.” 85 So they
said, “In Allah we have placed our trust. Our Lord,
do not make us a means of trial for the unjust
people, 86 and deliver us by Your mercy from the
denying people.” 87 And We revealed to Moses and
his brother, “Settle your people in houses in Egypt
and make your pl houses places which people head
to for worship, and establishpl the prayer. And givesg
glad tidings to the believers.” 88 And Moses said,
“Our Lord, You have indeed given Pharaoh and his
chiefs ornaments and wealth in the Earlier Life, our
Lord, (which they used) to make (others) strayb from Your
way. Our Lord, obliterate their wealths and harden
their hearts so that they do not believe until they see
the painful punishment.” 89 He said, “Yourdl prayer
has been responded to, so be upright and do not
follow the way of those who do not know.” 90 And
We made the Children of Israel pass over the sea.
So Pharaoh and his t roops pu rsued them
oppressively and aggressively until, when he was
about to drown, he said, “I have attained belief thatc
there is no god except the One the Children of Israel
believe in, and I am of the Muslimsa.” 91 Now?
While before you truly disobeyed and were of the
corrupters? 92 Rather, today We deliver d you,
preserving only your body, so that you become a
sign for those after you. But most surely, many
among mankind are oblivious of Our signs. 93 And
We settled the Children of Israel in an agreeable
location and provided them with good things, so
they did not differ until knowledge came to them.
Indeed, yoursg Lorde judges between them on the
Day of Resurrection regarding whatever they used
to differ over. 94 So if yousg are in doubt about what
We have sent down to you, then ask those who
recite the Scripture before you. Very truly, the truth
has come to you from your Lorde, so never be of the
skeptics, 95 and never be of those who have
disbelieved in Allah’s signs lest you become of the
losers. 96 Indeed, those against whom yoursg Lord’s
The Arabic word used is Muslimeen which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
Qb
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . to stray from Your way.”
Qc
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “I have attained belief. Indeed, there is no god except the One . . .”
Qd
Yaʻqub read it as: “Rather, today We save you, preserving only your body . . .”
e
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
a
144
PART 11. JONAH
Surah 10- Yûnus
û h h h û iûh
h
û Ġ Š h hû
j Cźžơ‹ Ǎj dj Ōjû Ƣ‹ BA
ǓŠ j ? űû Źi Šɰh šû ļğ Ųh bh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
ŊŠ űŹŶȭ
h
û
h Ġ h hm h ûh h
e Ʀh űû Źi Ġǿi P˱
h ū
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ŴŲh Ŵh Ų˗
ɅK ;ĵő źɉb ͣ ǻj
ô ĵšžj
p ń
h h
i h Šğ h h ğ i û i h hhh
h ŶŲj İû Ɋi l AźiŵźȲ
`ǽ ĵŲh bh ͤ ǻj
Ž Ʋń Mĵȍ‹ aŋj ȲĻ ĺŵįŦ=
hh
ğ h ûi h
û
ûh
ğ
û Ɇh bh jĬ‹
k Ůi šh ł
ȇ ōh Łû ŋɉ‹
`
J
ı
Ȩ
ƅ
ô
j j j j ? ŴjŲİĻ `= ōg ŧ jȍ
j
h h ğ
h h l i i
i
h i
h h ğ Ǎ AJĵ
ȑ‹
D
Ų AbŋŞŵ‹ Ůj ũ ͥ `źŰŪj šû Ȭh ƅ ŴŽj
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
h
û
ûi
h
û ğ h h i
h
i Š ɔ˖‹
`źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ˉp źû ũ ŴŠ Ki ŊĠȍ‹bh ĺ
ƴj Ťȩ ĵŲh bh P˱
ˏ j Ɓ‹bh
ğ ğh hû ğ h i h h ûhh
ûűŹjŰĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ l Aźû hŰŇh ŴŽj
h
j ŽɁ ŮĿjŲ ƅj? `bŋŞj ļȿŽ ŮŹȯ ͦ
ȑ‹ _ĵ
ô j
k i i
i h h k lm i h h ûi
h ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
h ŋŞj ļŶ
ƺj Ŷh ȫ űğ Ȫ ͧ ŴɆ
šŲ ƭj j ? AbŋŞj ļŵĭŦ Ůũ
j
û
l
h
h
h ŶŲj İû ųi ɉ‹ ŀŶiŵ ĵŶh žû ŰŠh ĵŪĝ ńh ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭ Aźô Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ bh ĵŶh hŰŎi Ki
ǻj
j
mhh
k h
i ğȍ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂh ʑ
k ū
i Ŭi `? Mĵ
û ļŶ
Ģ h Ůû iũ ͨ
ő
Ǎ
ű
ƆŦ ƴŽj
I
Ŵj
Ų
p
j
j
j
h ğ
h iiûh h ğ iiû h
i
h ğ ʼni ĸi ȭû h= Ŵû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
j Š ɧbh jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ `bʼnĸšȩ ŴŽjȑ‹ ʼnĸȭ=
ğ
h i h û h i û ih û i Š ğhhh
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų `ź
ͩ ǻj
ȱ= `= DŋjɊ=b ðűȲƋŦźļȬ djȑ‹
q
h i h h
h h û h û h û hh
k ɉ ū
Ŵjh Ų Ŵğ ȫźȲĻ ƅbh ĵŧžj Ŷńh ŴŽj
Ȓj
ŹŁb űj ũ= `=b
j
hh h i h h h h ğ
h
i ûh h
û iû
i
h
ƅb ūšŧŶŽ ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ SʼnĻ ƅb ͪ ǻj ȡǬ
j ųɉ‹
h Ġ i h
ğ h k q h ğ h h ûhh
h ųjۊɾů‹
ŴjŲ AJj? ūŵjıŦ ĺŰšȯ `jıŦ ð]h Ǵ
Ž
`˯ ͫ ǻ
j
ğ
h h h hh k i iğ h û h û h
û
i
]h Iŋj iŽ `˯ ðźh Ÿ ƅj? ÿm Ȕi ťjőǽ ƆŦ Ǵ
p j ķ Ĭ‹ ūŏŏųȬ
m h
h
i ŕj iŽ ĀjŷjŰŘû ŧjh ů Iğ m AKh Ɔh hŦ Ǟû ƚ
Āj ôaIj ĵĸjh Š Ŵjû Ų ;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh Ājŷjķ Ķž
ô
p j
h i ğ h ĠhĢh ûi
i m
i ŧi Ťh ûů‹ źh Ÿi bh
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ Kź
űi ȱ;h ĵŁh ʼnû ũ Mĵ
ȍ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ Ůũ ͬ űžj
h i
û
ğ h Š hhû
hû
Ājðŷ jŏŧh jȍ djʼnļh Źû Ȭh ĵųh ȫjıŦ c
ʼnļŸ‹ Ŵj ųh ȯ ðűû ȲjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ŨĠ ơ‹
i û h h ú h h m h h ðĵ h û h h Ġ h h ğ h ğ h h h
h ķ űȲ
ͭ Ůžj
ȡ
ź
žŰŠ ĵŵɁ ĵŲb ŹžŰŠ ŮŘ
j Ž ĵųȫjıŦ Ůŗ ŴŲb
p j
û h h û h Ģ h iŽ ĵŲh şû ĸğĻ‹bh
û Ŕ‹
i û Ňh źh Ÿi bh Ĭ‹
i ğ i û h Š ğ ńh ǚ
Ǟ
ô űh ȲƘ Ʋ
j b ūȎj? Ƹź
j
h û
h ųŭ
ͮǻ
j j Šɳů‹
Worda proved true do not believe, 97 even if every
sign comes to them—until they see the painful
punishment. 98 So if only there was one town that
believed and benefited by its belief, besides the
people of Jonah—when they believed, We removed
from them the punishment of disgrace in the Earlier
Life and We gave them enjoyment for a while. 99
And had your sg Lord willed, everyone on earth
would have believed, all of them, together. Will you
compel mankind to become believers? 100 And
never could a single self believe except by Allah’s
leave. And He laysb abomination upon those who
do not reason. 101 Saysg, “Look pl at what is in the
heavens and the earth.” But signs and warnings are
of no avail for people who do not believe. 102 So do
they await anything but the like of the days of those
who passed on before them? Saysg, “So waitpl, I am
indeed with you among those waiting.” 103 Then We
deliver c Our messengers and those who have
attained faith. Thus it is binding upon Us to saved
the believers. 104 Saysg, “O mankind, if you are in
doubt about my religion, then (know that) I do not
worship those you worship apart from Allah; rather
I worship Allah, Who takes you at death, and I have
been commanded to be of the believers.” 105 And
dedicate yourself to the religion—turning away
from all that is false—and never be of the
polytheists. 106 And dosg not call, apart from Allah,
upon what neither benefits you nor harms yousg, for
if you do, you are then one of the unjust. 107 And if
Allah touches yousg with harm, none can remove it
except He; and if He wants good for you, none can
repel His grace. He makes it reach whomever He
wills of His servants, for He is the Oft-Forgiving,
the Bestower of mercy. 108 Saysg, “O mankind, surely
the truth has come to you from your Lord, so
whoever is guided—he is only guided to his own
benefit, while whoever goes astray—he only goes
astray to his own detriment; and in no way am I a
trustee over you.” 109 And followsg what is revealed
to you, and be patient until Allah issues His
judgment, for He is the Best of judges.
Qa
Qb
Qc
Qd
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “Words”.
Shuʻba read it as: “And We lay . . .”
Yaʻqub read it as: “Then We save Our messengers . . .”
All except for Hafs, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . to deliver the believers.”
145
Part 11. Hud
Surah 11- Hûd
i ih i
ˆg źŸ CKź
Ŏ ˺˺
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
11. Hud
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
h û iğ
û h k i ği ii h h û h û i f h m
ˈžj
g ŭń `Ȑ ŴjŲ ĺŰŕj Ŧ űȪ ÿŷļŠɔA; ĺųjŭń= ĶŠɮjŬ ˏŋɉA
ğ l
h ğh
h
i h ğ hğ
x Ŋhŵ ŷi Ŷjû Ųk űȲ
ŋŽj
ů ƴj ŵj? ôĬ‹ ƅj? Abm ʼni ĸi šû ȩ ƅɁ ̂ Ǟ
g j ĸŇ
h
h l i i ği û i ğh l i ûh û
jŷûȎj? Aźm Ʌź
Ļ űȪ űȲɅK AbŋjŧŤļŎ‹ `j =bh ̃ xǞ jŒhȵbh
ğ i û i h kq h Ġ h h Ģ h e h h e h ğ i û k h i
djJ ȁ D
j İɆb ǖŏŲ Ůp Ł= Ǔj? ĵŶŏń ĵšŠɮŲ űȲšjļųȬ
h û h û h
i ûh h i h h mk h lûğhh
h Ŋh Šh űû Ȳ
BA
žŰŠ [ĵŇ= ƭj j ıŦ AźůźĻ `˯ ÿð ŷi ŰŘŦ Ůp ŘŦ
h ûh
k i Šh h h i h û i i û h ğ h
û h ȁ
źŸb ðűȲšŁ
ĸ
Ŭ
ˉp źŽ
p;ƾ
j ŋɊ jĬ‹ Ǔj? ̄ Ǟ
j
j ȇ
g
hh i û l i û h û h û i h i i h iûh û i ğ m hh
f ʼnhũ
ƅɁ ŷô ŶjŲ Aźŧňļŏɀj ů űŸKbʼnŔ `źŶȾŽ űŹȫj? ƅɁ ̅ ŋŽj
h i û h h Ġ i h ihûh û ih h h i ûh ûh h
`ź
j ȹ ĵŲ űŰšȬ űŹȨĵžjȪ `źŒŤļŏȹ ǻjń
ô Ŷj ŰšȬi ĵŲbh `bǪ
hû
h
h ğ
Ġ DAŊh ķ ü űžj
h ̆ Kbʼni ŕɉ‹
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Ĺp ğķ<I ŴjŲ ĵŲh bø
P˱
j j i ŰŠ ÿŷi ŵj?
j
xk i h h
h
i
ğ hh ğ
h h
Ǎj ȁ ô ĵŹh ȭIźû ļh ŏû Ɋi bh ĵŸŋğ Ūļh ŏû Ɋi űi Űšû Ɇh bh ĵŹh ȰLû jK jĬ‹ ȇ ƅj?
h hû
h h ğ Ũh hŰŇh djȑ‹ğ źh Ÿi bh ̇ ǻĸŲĠ ĶŠɮjh Ŭ
Ǎj P˱Ɓ‹bh D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
p j p
h
h
h
h
û
i
i
m
h
h
i
h
i
h
Ŵi ŏh ńû = űû ȲĠŽɁ űû ȡźh Űĸû hȎj j;ĵųh ɉ‹ ȇ ÿŷi őŋû Š `Ȣbh ˉp ĵğŽɁ jĹļjğ Ŏ
q h
û û
h
h i ûğ i ğ h ûi
D
Űũ ŴjɌůbh ñ Ɔųh ȭ
j źû ųh ɉ‹ ʼnj šȨh Ŵü Ųj `źľźši ĸŲ űȲŵj? ĺ
h
h h ğ ğ h ihh
û Ŏ ƅğ ? m AŊh Šɪh `û ? l Abm ŋi ŧh ȱ
x ĸŲĠ ŋx Ņj
ŴŽjȑ‹ ŴůźŪȎ
Ŵû j Ɍůbh ̈ ǻ
j
j
j
i
h
ğ
i i
h
h Ŋh šh ûů‹ űi Źi Ŷû ȭh ĵhŵŋû Ňğ h=
Ģ j ? BA
ĵŲh Ŵğ ůźŪhȎ p CIbʼni šû Ųğ pĹŲğ = Ǔ
h
h e i û h h ûh û ûh h ûh hh m i i ûh
Ɋ ōɀů űŹj žjȩįŽ _źŽ ƅɁ ÿñ ŷŏjȼƘ
űŹj j ķ \ĵńh bh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ĵŦbDz
h
û
l i h ğ
h i ûh ûh
h Ȱû Jh = Ŵû Ɍhůbh ̉ `b
Š h ƃ‹
;
Ō
Ź
ļ
ŏ
ȹ
Āj
ŷ
ķ
ĵŶjğ Ų Ŵh ɹȸ
ĵ
Ŷ
j Aźŵǽ ĵŲ
j
j
j
h
h
h
h
ûh
h û Kh
x nZi hȎ ÿŷi ğŵ? ŷi Ŷjû Ų ĵŹh Šɰh Šû Ōh hŵ űğ Ȫi Ĺq Ƨ
x ŧi Ŭ Mź
ŷi Šɰh ũJ= Ŵû j Ɍůbh ̊ Kź
j
i nZh žk ŏɉ‹
ğ Ķ
h Ÿh Jh Ŵğ hůźŪi hȎh ŷi ļû ŏğ Ɋh ;h m Aǰ
ğ h ʼnh šû Ȩh ;h m ĵųh šû ȫh
m jk ȭh Dĵ
ˏƴ
j
l i h h l ih h h ğ ğ
i h x hh iğ
f ň
AźŰųj Šb AbǚŔ ŴŽjȑ‹ ƅj? ̋ Kź
Ŧ Gŋj ŧů ÿŷŵj?
h
ğ
h
h
h
h
x û
h
h h i Šh Š ğ
ūŰšh ŰŦ ̌ xǞjĸŬ ŋx Łû =bh Cŋh jŧŤŲğ űŹi ɉ ūjɌʤĢ bl = ĺ
j ɳj Űɻů‹
Alif Lām Ra. A Scripture whose signs a were
1
perfected, then detailed, from One Who is AllWise, All-Aware: 2 that youpl shall worship none but
Allah. (Say), “Indeed, I am to you from Him a warner
and a herald of glad tidings. 3 So askpl your Lord for
forgiveness then repent to Him, that He may grant
you good enjoyment for a stated term and bestow
His grace upon every graceful one. But if theyb
turnc away, then I fear for you the punishment of a
supreme day. 4 To Allah is your return, and He is
All-Powerful over everything.” 5 Undoubtedly, they
do bend their chests to hide from Him. Undoubtedly,
even as they cover themselves with their clothes,
He knows whatever they keep secret and whatever
they make public; He is indeed All-Knowing of
what lies within the chests. 6 And there is no
treading creature in the earth but its provision
depends on Allah, and He knows its residence and
its depository; all is in an evident recordd. 7 And it
is He Who created the heavens and the earth in six
dayse —and His Throne was upon the waters—in
order to test you as to which of you is better in
conduct. And if yousg were to say, “Youpl will be
resurrected after death,” those who denied would
most surely say, “This is nothing but evident
sorceryf.” 8 And if We were to defer the punishment
from them until a fixed period of time, they would
most surely say, “What holds it back?” Undoubtedly,
on the day when it comes to them, it is not averted
from them, and they becameg surrounded by what
they used to ridicule. 9 And if We were to give man
a taste of mercy from Us and then withdraw it from
him, he is very truly a constantly despairing,
staunch denier. 10 And if We were to give him a taste
of prosperity after some adversity has touched him,
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qur’an, like ‘verse’
b
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
Qc
Al-Bazzi read it as: “But if youpl turn away . . .”
d
Literally ‘scripture’.
e
Six equal intervals of time, which may be six heavenly days, each of them being 1000 earthly years long (see 22:47).
Qf
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . an evident sorcerer.”
g
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
a
146
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
l i ih h h i û h
m h h h Ģ h i h h û h üi h
AźɉźŪȬ `= ]KʼnŔ Ājŷjķ Ũü i j ɋĵŗbh ūûȎj? Ƹź
Ž ĵŲ ŖšȨ ]jKĵĻ
h
h
f h h i h h h m h û f h û h h h i= mƅh źû h ɉ
h = m ĵųh ȫğ ? ū
x Ŋhŵ ĺŵ
ô ŋŽj
j ô ŰɊ ÿŷšŲ ;ĵŁ b= ǣŬ jŷžŰŠ ^Ōŵ
j
l iûh ûi iŠ hh û h i i h ûh
f h û h k i Šh h i ğ h
AźĻɂŦ Ůũ ðŷƊǛȯ‹ `źɉźŪȬ _= ̍ Ůžj ȡb ;p ƾ ȁ
j ȇ Ĭ‹b
l
ûk
û h Šh hh û i
û ŴŲh AźŠi I‹
i û šh ķ
bĺ
ŴjŲk űļi šû śh ļh Ŏ‹
p ɔǛŧŲ ĀjŷjŰĿjŲ pKźh Ŏ Ǭ
j j
j
l
ğ
h
i
ğ
i
i
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh űû ļŶ
i Ŭ `? jĬ‹
i łļh ŏû h ȹ űû ůıhŦ ̎ ǻj
űû Ȳů Aźĸž
`b
j
j I
j
j
h i m h ğh lm i h û h
û h i ğ h mğ h ğ û
ŮŹh ȯ ðźh Ÿ ƅj? ŷh Š ɧj? ƅ `=bh jĬ‹ űj Űšj j ķ ^Ōŵ
j = ĵųȫɁ AźųŰŠĭŦ
û
h
ûĠ hŠhh i i h
h
h
i h=
Cźžơ‹ ʼnɆŋj Ž `ǽ ŴŲh ̏ `źųji Űŏû ŲĠ űļŵ
ĵŹh ļh ȿɆjLbh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
h i h û i h h û i h h û i hŠh û h û ûh k hi
̐ `źŏňĸȬ ƅ ĵŹžjȯ űŸb ĵŹžjȯ űŹŰʅŠ= űŹj Ȏj? [j źŵ
h Ģhli
hĵŲ řh ĸńh bh Kĵ
ið ğȍ‹ ƅğ ? j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎ űû Źi h ɉ ōh ɀû hů ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ ū
j
j
j
j Ɍʤb=
hŠ h h h h h h
l
l
i
h
x
h
i
h ȯ Aźši Ŷh Ŕh
ȇ `ǽ Ŵųȯ= ̑ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲğ Ůśj Š ɐh bh ĵŹžj
i Šɮjh Ŭ ĀjŷjŰĸû Ȱh ŴjŲbh ŷi Ŷjû Ųk ʼnjx Ÿĵőh iaźiŰļû Ɇh bh ĀjŷɅk Kğ ŴjŲk ĹŶh kɀhķ
Ķ
p j
j
iû û h h h
h i ûi h Ģhli ehû h h q h Ģ h i
ŋŧȲŽ ŴŲb Ājôŷjķ `źŶjŲİŽ ūjɌʤb= ô ĹƧKb ĵŲĵŲj? ƽźɊ
i h hh
i ğȍĭhŦ BAŌh ńû hƁ‹û Ŵjh Ų Ājŷķ
ŷô i Ŷjû Ųk Ĺp Ɇh ŋjû Ɋ Ǎj ūĻ ƆŦ ÿô iaʼnji Šźû Ɋh Kĵ
j
j
h
û
h
h
ğ
h i ûi h
û
h
Ġ h ŷi ŵ?
k
h ȱ= Ŵğ Ȳ
ğ ǜ
j ȍ‹
̒ `źŶjŲİŽ ƅ Mĵ
j Š ɧbh ūjɅKğ ŴjŲ Ũơ‹
j
h i h û i h Ģhli e h ğ hh Š hh û ğ i h ûh û h h
`źŗŋšȬ ūjɌʤb= ô ĵķjŊŬ jĬ‹ ȇ cǛȯ‹ Ŵj ųjɊ űŰŝ= ŴŲb
hû i ihh û kh hh
h ȑ‹ğ j;mƅh İi ʧ
Š h h l AźiķŊh Ŭh ŴŽj
Š
Ģ h ʼni Š ʇh őû Ɓ‹ ^ź
űô û Źj j Ʌk Kh ȇ
ŪɆb űŹj j ɅK ȇ
hh ğ i h hh
ğ
h h
h ųjۊɾů‹
h ȑ‹ğ ̓ ǻ
ȇ jĬ‹ ĹŶh šû ů ƅɁ
ŴŠ `bʼnĠ ŕi hŽ ŴŽj
j
h
h i
ğ
h
i
i
h
`bŋi jŧŠɦ űû Ÿ j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭjķ űŸbh ĵŁq źjh Š ĵŹh ȫźŤĸû Ɇh bh jĬ‹ Ůž
j j ȼŎ
hû
h h h
i h ûh h Ģhli
h Ōłšû Ųi l AźiŵźȲ
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ŴɆ
Ž űɉ ūjɌʤb= ̔
űŹi ɉ `ǽ ĵŲh bh P˱
jj
l i h h i h h û i ih i hŠ h i hmh ûh û ğ
i k
Aźŵǽ ĵŲ BA
ô Ŋšů‹ űŹɉ ťšɼŽ ò ;ĵȎj b= ŴjŲ jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ
h i ûi l i h hh h û ğ h i h ûh
h Ģhli
h ȑ‹ğ ū
ŴŽj
j ĸȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲb şųŏɉ‹ `źšžśj ļŏȹ
j Ɍʤb= ̕ `bDz
h
l
h ih ûh i h ğ iû h ğ h h û i h i h lm i h
ƅ ̖ `bǛ
ŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹŶȭ Ůŗb űŹŏŧŵ= AbǪj Ň
l ih h h ğ ğ
ğh
h i h ûhû i i h
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? ̗ `bǪ
ŇƁ‹ űŸ j CŋjŇ˖‹ Ǎj űû Źi ȫɁ _h ŋh Łh
h Ģ h l i û k h Šh l m i h û h h Š h Š ğ l i h h
h Ŕû h= ū
iĶŠɳ
j ɳj Űɻů‹ AźŰųj Šb
j Ɍʤb= űŹj j ɅK Ǔj? AźļĸŇ=b ĺ
he would most surely say, “Troubles have gone
away from me;” he is very truly exultant, boastful—
except for those who have been patient and have
11
done righteous deeds; for those there is forgiveness
and a supreme reward. 12 So would yousg possibly
leave out some of what is revealed to you, and
would your chest be tightened by it, because they
say, “If only a treasure were sent down to him or an
angel came with him?” Indeed, you are only a
warner, and Allah is a Trustee over everything. 13
Or do they say, “He has fabricated it?” Saysg, “Then
produce ten surahsa like it, fabricated, and call upon
whomever you can apart from Allah, if you are
truthful.” 14 But if they do not respond to youpl,
know that it was sent down with Allah’s knowledge
and that there is no god but He, so will you then
become Muslimsb? 15 Whoever has been wanting
the Earlier Life and its adornment—We will render
to themc in full (the reward for) their deeds therein, and
therein they will not be defrauded. 16 Those are the
ones for whom there is nothing in the Hereafter but
the Fire, and whatever they used to do therein has
been nullified, and worthless is what they used to
do. 17 Is someone who has been relying on evident
proof from his Lord, and it is read by a witness from
Him, and before it the Scripture of Moses—a guide
and a mercy…d? Those believe in ite. But whoever
denies it from among the (various) parties—the Fire
is his promised place. So do not regard it with
skepticism; it is the truth from your Lord, but most
of mankind does not believe. 18 And who is more
unjust than someone who fabricated lies about
Allah? Those are presented before their Lord, and
the notable witnesses say, “These are the ones who
lied about their Lord.” Undoubtedly, the curse of
Allah is upon the unjust 19 who bar (others) from the
way of Allah and seek to make it crooked, and
regarding the Hereafter they are deniers. 20 Those
were never able to thwart (God) on earth, for never
did they have any protectors apart from Allah.
Punishment for them is multiplied. Never were they
able to hear, nor could they see.f 21 Those are the
Each portion of the Qur’an is called a surah, which is sometimes translated as ‘chapter’.
The Arabic word used is Muslimoon which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
c
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
d
This sentence is left open-ended; according to Al-Beqaʻi and other exegetes its predicate is: “equal to a denier?”
e
The Qur’an.
f
According to Al-Alousi and other exegetes it means: Never were they able to hear the word of God, nor could they see
His signs.
a
b
147
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
hû h ûh hû ihh
h i Š h h û i ğ hû
Š h ȭû ƁĭŬ ǻ
ǖ
̘
`b
Ȓj ɗ ĵŹžjȯ űŸ ˌjĹŶƠ‹
ŋ
ŧ
ů‹
Ů
Ŀ
Ųø
ŪɆ
j j
h
hh eh
ğ h ŕhȊ‹û bh űk Ŕh hƁ‹û bh
h h û h û h j ųŏɉ‹
ƆŦ= ô ƆĿŲh `ĵ
j
ˏ j b Ǟ
j Ɇjźļŏȹ ŮŸ şž
j j
h
h
û
k
h
h iğ hh
i h
e iŵ ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ʼnû Ūh hůbh ̙ `b
űû Ȳů ƭj j ? mĀjŷŲj źû ũ ǓŠ j ? ĵńź
ŋŬŊĻ
h
h
ğ
ğ
l
k
h
i
h i h m hğ
f Ġ x h
m iiûh
űû Ȳžû ŰŠ [ĵŇ= ƭ
j j ? ðĬ‹ ƅj? Abʼnĸšȩ ƅ `= ̚ ǻjĸŲ ŋŽjŊŵ
h
l h h h ğ i h hû h hh
h Ŋh Šh
ŴjŲ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ Ƃųɉ‹ ^ĵŪȯ ̛ ˈp Ȏj = ˉg źû hŽ BA
ğ h ğ h h
hû q hh ğ h Š hh h
h
ȵ ƅj? ūƊŋŵ ĵŲ ĀjŷŲj źû ũ
ƅj? ūšh ĸh ȩ‹ ūŠƊŋh ŵ ĵŲh bh ĵŶh ŰĿjŲk ˊǬ
h h û i h Š hh h h ûğ h h hi hh û i h ğ
h
û
ŴjŲ ĵŶžŰŠ űȲů cŋŵ ĵŲb dj =ŋɉ‹ djIĵķ ĵȍjJAK= űŸ ŴŽȑ‹
j
h
h
û
h h h
h û i Ġ ih h û h
h ȨjŊŠɦ
űȲŶŞȫ Ůķ ˦ŘŦ
`j? űû ļi Ȭû ;h Kh = _j źû ŪŠɔ ^ĵũ ̜ ǻ
j
q
h û Kh ƴŠȺhĻA;h bh ȗk Kğ ŴjŲk ĹŶh kɀhķ ȇ
i Ŭi
Š h h ĺŶ
Āj aʼnj ŶjŠ Ŵjû Ųk ĹƧ
p
j
j
j
h i Šh hh û i hh h i i i ûih û i ûh h û h k i h
̝ `źŸŋj ɦ ĵŹɉ űļŵ=b ĵŸźųŭŲŌj ŰŵɁ űȲžŰŠ ĺžųj šȯ
ğ h h ğ h û h û e h û h h û i i nh û h m h j û h Š h h
jĬ‹
ô ȇ ƅj? dŋj Ł= `j? ð ƅĵŲ jŷžŰŠ űȲŰZŎ= ƅ _źŪɔb
h
h ȑ‹ğ jIKĵśh ķ ú ĵhŵɁ m ĵŲh bh
m jk ŭŠɧh bh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh l AźŪi Š ʄh ŲĠ űŹi ȫğ j ? l Aźm ô Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ƴj
j j
h
i
h
h
ğ
i Š hh
i i hŽ ŴŲh _j źû ŪŠɔh bh ̞ `źŰŹh ûƏ ĵŲq źû hũ űû Ȳ
Ɗ K=
jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų Țj DzŶ
h
h
Ġ
h ğ hh hh
i h i i mh
djʼnŶjŠ űû Ȳů ^źũ= ƅbh ̟ `bŋi ŬŊĻ ƆŦ= űô û Źi ȩIŋh Śh `j?
m hh x h h k i ih m hh h ûhû ih û h m hh ğ i mh h
ƅb ūŰɊ ƭj j ? ^źũ= ƅb ĶžŤů‹ űŰŠ= ƅb jĬ‹ ŴjɋAŌŇ
i ii û h m h ûh h ğ i ih
e û Ňh Ĭ‹
i ğ ð ˑǞ
i ğ űi Źi žjh ȩİû iŽ Ŵhů űû Ȳ
Ĭ‹
Ŷžȭ= djKIŌĻ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ^źũ=
l i h
ğ h ğ q mk û i h m h i h û h
h ųjۊɾů‹
Aźɉĵũ ̠ ǻ
Ŵųj ɉ AJj? ƭj j ? űŹj jŏŧŵ= Ǎj ĵųjķ űŰŠ=
j
û
mh h
h h h h ûh û h h hhû h Š h û h i iŠh
`j? ĵŵʼni šj Ļ ĵųh j ķ ĵŶjh ĻįŦ ĵhȍŠɵŁ
j DǜȱįŦ ĵŶȋʼnɕ ʼnũ GźŶɔ
û
ğ h h
ğ h h i
i
h Ȱʼnj Š ɻů‹
i ğ jŷķ űȲžj
ŴjŲ ĺŶŬ
`j? Ĭ‹
ȩįhŽ ĵųh ȫj? ^ĵũ ̡ ǻj
j
h
h
û m û i û i i h h h
i = m ĵŲh bh ;h m ĵőh
h Ōłšû ųi ķ űļŵ
`j? ƻ
j ŕŵ űȲšŧŶŽ ƅb ̢ ŴɆ
j j j
û h i i iğ h h
i h h h û h Ġ hh
i
ŋj Ž Ĭ‹ `ǽ `j? űû Ȳů Ńh ŕŵ
= `= DIK=
űô û ȲɆh jźŤȬi `= ʼnɆ
h
h
i
ûi hhû h ih û
h
i
i
i
ȯ‹ `źɉźŪȬ _= ̣ `źši Łh ŋû Ļ jŷûȎ˯ űû ȲɅĠ Kh źh Ÿ
`j j ? Ůũ ðŷi Š ƊǛ
h
h h h iiûhhû
h
ûi
m ŋhķ ú ĵhŵɁbh ǕA
h Łû j ? ǔ
ğ
šȯ ÿŷļɆǛȯ‹
̤ `źɊi ŋj Ə ĵųjğ Ɋk x;d
ŋ
j
j
h
ğ
h
h
ğ
i h h ih
û
h h
j =b
g ŵ ǓŠ j ? Ƹb
ʼnû ũ ŴŲh ƅj? ūjɊźû ũ ŴjŲ Ŵjh ŲİiŽ Ŵů ÿŷi ŵɁ Gź
ones who lost their (inner) selves, and whatever they
used to fabricate strayed away from them. 22 Without
doubt, in the Hereafter they are the biggest losers.
Indeed, those who have attained faith and have
23
done righteous deeds and have humbled themselves
before their Lord—those are the fellows of the
Garden (of Paradise); therein they abide. 24 The parable
of the two groups is that of one who is blind and
deaf, and one who is seeing and hearing. Are they
equal in similit ude? Will you not remind
yourselvesa? 25 And very truly We sent Noah to his
people, “I am to you an evident warner: 26 that you
shall worship none but Allah; indeed, I fear for you
the punishment of a painful day.” 27 So the chiefs of
his people, who denied, said, “We do not see that
you are anything but a human being like us, and we
do not see that you are followed except by the
lowliest among us, those of immature opinion, and
we do not see that youpl have any advantage over us.
Rather, we think you are liars.” 28 He said, “O my
people, have you seen? What if I rely on evident
proof from my Lord, and He has given me a mercy
of His own, but it was made invisible to youb —can
we compel you to accept it even though you dislike
it? 29 And O my people, I ask of you no wealth for
it; my reward lies only with Allah. And I will never
expel those who have attained faith; they are bound
to meet their Lord, whereas I see that you are a
people who act in ignorance. 30 And O my people,
who will support me against Allah if I expel them?
Will you not remind yourselvesa? 31 And I do not
say to you, ‘I possess the treasuries of Allah’, and I
know not what is hidden; nor do I say, ‘I am indeed
an angel;’ nor do I say of those whom your eyes
scorn, ‘Allah will never give them any good.’ Allah
knows better about what lies within their (inner)
selves. (If I were to say so,) then I would indeed be one
of the unjust.” 32 They said, “O Noah, you have
argued with us and have kept arguing for too long.
Now bring upon us what you promise us, if you
have been of the truthful.” 33 He said, “It is Allah
Who brings it upon you if He wills, and you can
never thwart (Him). 34 And my advice will not benefit
you—even if I wanted
to advise you—in case Allah
wants to delude you. He is your Lord, and to Him
Qa
Qb
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Will you not constantly remember?”
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . but it became invisible to you.”
148
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
h i h ûh l i h h û hûh hh h h h
h û iû
û bh ̥ `ź
ūŰŧů‹ jşŶh Ŕ‹
ŰšŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ ōjɌļȼĻ ƆŦ ŴŲA;
ğ
ğ l h h h
û h
h i h
űŹi ȫj? Aźm ųi Űŝ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ Ǎj ƴj ĸû śj ŠɴĻ ƅbh ĵŶh j žńû bh bh ĵŶh j ȿži ȭįjķ
x h
ği h û iû
hh
h i û
ŴjŲk ƂɊh jŷžû ŰŠ ŋğ Ɋh ĵųh ȣbh ūŰŧů‹ şi Ŷh ŕû Ɇh bh ̦ `źũŋh ŤŲĠ
l h h
l
h h
h
h h ğ h
ŋi ňŏû ȸ ĵŵjıŦ ĵŶjğ Ų Abŋi ňŏû ȶ `j? ^ĵũ ŷô i Ŷjû Ų Abŋi ň
j Ŏh ĀjŷŲj źû ũ
û
h h h h i
h h h h h
jŷžjȩįhŽ ŴŲh `źųi Űšû ȩ [źû ŏh Ŧ ̧ `bŋi ňŏû ȶ ĵųh Ŭ űû ȲŶjŲ
h Ģğ h
ûi x h h
x h h ûh h Ġ hh
f jŪŲĠ BA
ń ̨ űž
AJj? Ʋ
ŊŠ jŷžŰŠ ŮŅ
j Ɇb jŷɆŌj ƞ BAŊŠ
û hûi i Ġğ h hh hi ûh hm h
û h ûh ki
h ȯ Ůjû Ƨ‹
Ŵj
Ų
ĵ
Źžj
ĵŶŰũ KźŶȋ‹ KĵŦb ĵŵŋɊ= ;ĵŁ
ǻ
j ŁbL ȁ
p
m h h h h h û h h iû hû ûh h h h h h ğ h h û hh ûhû
ĵŲb ôŴŲA; ŴŲb ^źŪů‹ jŷžŰŠ ŨĸŎ ŴŲ ƅj? ūŰŸ=b ǻ
j ȿľ‹
ğ
l
h
h
x
h
h
ğ
h ȯ Aźĸi ŬK‹
û ^ĵũbø
h ̩ Ůžj Űũ ƅ? ÿm ŷi šh Ųh Ŵh ŲAh ;h
jĬ‹ ƈ ĵŹžj
j
hû h h
h
m
ûh
x ŧi Ťh ů ȗk Kh `ğ ? ô ĵŹh Š ƋŎh ŋû Ɋi bh ĵŹh Š Ɗŋƣ
x ńKğ Kź
dŋj Ə Ǘj b ̪ űžj
j
j
v
h hh i hû f i Š h h h h û h û h
û
h
û
^p Ōj šŲ Ǎj `Ȣb ÿŷŶȨ‹ Gźŵ cIĵŵb ^ĵ
j ĸƠĭ
j Ŭ Fp źɊ Ǎj űŹj j ķ
h û ğhi h
h h
h û h ğ i h hh hh ğ
h ŋŧj Š ʃ
ů‹ şŲ ŴȲĻ ƅb ĵŶšŲ ĶŬK‹
ƴĸŠɔ
^ĵũ ̫ ŴɆ
j
h h h h m û
û
h h m bĵnZh Ŏh
h û űh Ŕ
_h źû Ȏ‹
j ȕ ƅ ^ĵũ ˏ j;ĵųh ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ƴj ųi ŕj šȬh Ůp ĸh Ł ǓŠ j ? d
j
h
ğ
û
h
h
h
h
ğ
Ŵjh Ų `ǾŦ Fi źû ųh ɉ‹ ĵųh Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ^ĵńh bh űjô h ńKğ ŴŲh ƅj? jĬ‹ ŋj Ɋû = Ŵjû Ų
h
m
ûh m h
i hĢh h h
h Ȱŋh Ťû ųi û ɉ‹
ŮžjȰb ̬ ǻj
Njjj Űũ= ;i ĵųh ŏh Š ɔbh j];h ĵŲh Njj Űûķ‹ P˱įʑ
hh û hh û h i ûhû
h
h h
iû ȇ
h j ũi bh ;i m ĵųh û ɉ‹ Ŗžj
DźļŎ‹b ŋɊƁ‹ DŽ
ŮžjȰbh ðdjkj IźƠ‹
Ȯb
ğ k h h hh iğğ x i Š h hh
ğ û hûk qûi
h
`j? B
j K ^ĵŪȯ ÿŷɅK Gźŵ cIĵŵb ̭ ǻųj j ۊɾů‹ _j źŪŰj ů AʼnšȨ
ğ
ûh
û
h h h h h Ġ hû
űi Ȳńû = ĺŵ
=b Ũơ‹ ]h ʼnh Šbh `˯ ǔj Ÿ= Ŵû Ųj ƴj ûķ‹
h ğ i i h h h
ğ h ûh
h û
h ųŭ
ÿŷi ŵj? ðūj ŰŸ= Ŵjû Ų ōh ûɀů ÿŷi ŵj? Gź
ŶŠɔ ^ĵũ ̮ ǻ
j j Šɳů‹
h h h û h h û nh û h h h Š h i û h f h h
m k j j ? ðűf ûŰjŠ Ājŷjķ ū
ƭ
ɉ ōɀů ĵŲ Ŵj ŰZŏȶ ƆŦ ˌŃjp Űɞ ǞȮ Ůųȭ
h
k
h
i
h û h h i h h h i h
h
k h h
m j j? B
JźŠi = ƭ
j K ^ĵũ ̯ ǻj ŰŹj Šɲů‹ ŴjŲ `źȲĻ `= ūŞjŠ=
û
h
ûh ğ
h h h ûh h
Ǔj ŋû jŧŤȩ ƅ˯ ðűx ŰjŠ Ājŷjķ Ǔj ōh ɀû ů ĵŲh ūŰnZh Ŏû = `= ūjķ
û i iŠh h
h û h k i h m ûh ûhh
h Ǫj Šɴ
ů‹ ŴjŲ Ŵȱ= ƴj ƧŋĻb
řû j ĸŸ‹ Gź
Ŷɔ ŮžjȰ ̰ ŴɆ
j
i
i
h
h
h û h Š h h h h ğ k Šh h
h
Ģ h bh ū
űx Ɋh =bh ôūšh Ųğ Ŵųjğ Ɋk ˈp Ɋh = ȇ
žŰŠ ĺ
g ɦŋɅb ĵŶjŲ ˈp ʄŏjȵ
you are returned a .” 35 Or do they say, “He has
fabricated it?” Say, “If I have fabricated it, then
upon me falls my crime, and I am innocent of the
crimes you commit.” 36 And it was revealed to
Noah: “Certainly, none of your people will attain
faith except those who have already attained faith,
so do not grieve over what they have been doing. 37
And build the ship under Our eyes and with Our
inspiration, and do not address Me regarding those
who have done injustice; they are to be drowned.”
And he buildsb the ship, and whenever some
38
chiefs from among his people passed by him, they
would mock him. He said, “If you mock us, surely
we mock you just as you mock; 39 then you will
come to know upon whom shall come a punishment
that disgraces him, and upon whom a perpetual
punishment shall fall.” 40 Until, when Our command
came and the oven overflowedc, We said, “Carry in
it, of each kind, a male and female coupled, and your
family—except those against whom the sentence
has already been passed—and those who have
attained faith.” But none attained faith with him
except a few. 41 And he said, “Embark in it. In the
name of Allah shall be its sailinge and its anchorage.
My Lord is most surely Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing
of mercy.” 42 And so it sailsb with them amidst
waves like mountains. And Noah called to his son
who had kept away, “O my child! Embark with us
and do not be with the deniers.” 43 He said, “I will
take shelter on a mountain which can safeguard me
from the water.” He said, “There is no safeguard
from Allah’s command today, except for the one on
whom He has bestowed mercy.” And the waves
surged between them, and he became of the
drowned. 44 And it was said, “O land, swallow your
waters,” and “O sky, clear up.” And the waters
receded, and the matter was concluded, and it
settled on (mount) Judei, and it was said: “Away with
the unjust people.” 45 And Noah called to his Lord
and said, “O My Lord, my son is indeed of my
family, and Your promise is indeed the truth, and
You are the Wisest of all judges.” 46 He said, “O
Noah, he is not of your family; surely, it is an
Yaʻqub read it as: “and to Him you return.”
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense, which serves to create a vivid portrait of past events.
c
As a sign to embark the ship.
Qd
All except for Hafs read it as: “Carry in it, of each female and male kind, one couple . . .”
Qe
Abu ʻAmr and Warsh read it as: “In the name of Allah who causes it to sail and who causes it to anchor.”
Qa
b
149
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
h f h h ğk i Ġ hh ği û iikhi h
mh h û h û
j;ĵĸ˩
= ŴjŲ ūŰj Ļ ̱ űx Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ ĵŶjŲ űŹŏųȬ űȪ űŹšjļųŶŎ
h
h
h h
h h mh i ûhû
h = m ĵŹh ųi hŰšû ȩh ĺŶ
h Ŭi ĵŲh ū
ūɊi źû ũ ƅbh ĺŵ
ð ûȎj? ĵŹžjńźŵ Ķ
j žŤů‹
h
û
û
h Ūļğ ųi Űj ɉ Ĺh ĸh ŪŠɿh ů‹ `ğ ? ǚ
û û h h h ûh
Š ̲ǻ
Ig ȕh Ǔ˯
j
j
j ð j ŔĭŦ ðˑŊŠɪ Ůj ĸȰ ŴjŲ
h
û j û hŠh h h q i û i h h
i h
h ğ ‹ l Abʼni ĸi ȭ‹
ŷg Š ɧj? Ŵjû Ųk űȲů ĵŲh Ĭ
_źŪɔ ^ĵũ ôˑIźŸ űŸĵŇ=
hû h û i i h û h m h û h h
h ih û i ğ û i h û miiû h
ŧŲ ƅj? űļŵ= `j? ÿð aǞȮ
jŷžŰŠ űȲŰnZŎ= ƅ _j źŪŠɔ ̳ `bǛ
h
ğ
h
h
i
h ğ h û h û e û h
h
h h m h hh
ȇ
ƅj? dŋj Ł= `j? ðˑŋŁ=
̴ `źŰjŪšû ȩ ƆŦ= ˏ Ț
ŋ
ś
ȯ
dj
ȑ‹
j
h
l
mh h ğ
i ğ h l i û h û j û hŠh h
i iĻ űğ Ȫi űû Ȳ
ɅK AbŋjŧŤļŎ‹ _źŪɔb
;ĵųŏɉ‹ Ůjj Ŏŋû iŽ jŷûȎj? Aźm Ʌź
l û ğ h h h h h û i ğ i Šh e ğ i û i û h h q h û k i û h h
Aźůźļȩ ƅb űȲj Ļźũ Ǔj? Cźũ űȱIŌj Ɇb ˊKAKʼnjŲ űȲžŰŠ
ûh hh hkh hhû
h ûi
h i i h l i h
mȟKĵļh j ķ Ŵi Ɨ
ĵŲb pĹŶjžȼjķ ĵŶȽĴŁ
j ĵŲ IźŹŠɔ Aźɉĵũ ̵ ǻjŲjŋƣ
jj
i iğ
h h i ûh hh h ûh h h h h
h ŶŲj İû ųi ķ ū
^źŪȫ `j? ̶ ǻj
j ɉ ŴƗ ĵŲb ūj ɉźũ ŴŠ ĵŶjļŹj ɉA;
h Š hh û ğ
h ğ ‹ ʼni Źőû i= ƭ
m k j j ? ^ĵh hũ ˍ;p źm ŏi j ȵ ĵŶh j ļŹjh ɉA;h Ŗi šû Ȩh ū
Ĭ
ƊǛȭ‹ ƅj?
j
h
h i ûi ğ k x m h k lm i h û h
i
ĀjðŷjŵbI ŴjŲ ̷ `źȡǬ
j ȶ ĵųjɊ ;dŋj ķ ƭj Ɂ AbʼnŹő‹b
ğ hh i ûğhh k
q Ʀh Țbʼnžj
i h
i j iĻ ƅh űğ Ȫi ĵšžj
ȣźĻ ƭj j ? ̸ `b
jĬ‹ ȇ ĺ
j ŋŞŶ
j ŭŦ
ğ m
k
i ğ ğ h
ğ i k
h üi
`j? ô ĵŹh j ļžh Ŕĵ
j Ŷjķ ŊjŇA;h źh Ÿ ƅj? Ĺg ķ<I ŴjŲ ĵŲ űˏ ȲjɅKh bh ȗj Kh
hh k
i ûh h hh l ğ h h
h û Ġ h ȇ
űȲļi ŤŰûķɁ ʼnû Ūȯ Aźû ůźh Ļ `jıŦ ̹ ˈž
j Š ȗj Kh
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
h ihû h e ûh k h i û h ûh h û i ûh m i û ûi m ğ
ƅbh űû ȡǞ
Ȯ ĵŲźũ ȗj K ťj Űňļŏȹb űô ȲȎj? Ājŷjķ ĺŰjŎK= ĵŲ
h
k i Šh h k h ğ e û h i h Ġ i h
x
û h ȁ
ĵųğ ɉbh ̺ Ŝžjŧńh ;g ƾ
j ȇ ȗj K `j? ô ĵnZžő ÿŷŵbǴĻ
q i hûğh hi ûh hm h
h û ŋh ķ ÿŷi šh Ųh l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ bh AIź
ĵŶjğ Ųk pĹƧ
Ÿ ĵŶžƑ ĵŵŋɊ= ;ĵŁ
j
l i h h x h h û h
h
h h û k iŠh ûğh h
AbʼnŅŁ ð Iȕ ūŰj Ļb ̻ Ŝžj
Ŋ
p Űţ BA
g Š ŴjŲ űŹɰžƑb
h
l
h
k
h ğ h i h û m i h ğ h i i i lû h h h û k h Šh
ʼnp žj ŶŠ Kĵ
j ɔ˲
j ŋɊ= Aźšĸȩ‹b ÿŷŰŎK AźŕŠb űŹj j ɅK ĺ
g ĸŁ ȁ
h
h
û
l
m
h
q
ûĠ
ûi
h
q ğ
AIȕh `j? ƅɁ ˍjĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû Ɇh bh ĹŶh šû ů ĵžh ȫȐ‹
j aŊj Šɪ Ǎj Aźši j ĸĻɁbh ̼
hh
l hh
k q
h h Šh
i h
Iźųi Ȫ Ǔ˯ø
̽ ˆp źŸ _j źû ũ pIĵšjh ů Aʼnšû Ȩi ƅɁ ñűû Źi Ʌğ Kh Abŋi ŧȱ
h
û j û hŠh h h q Š h û i h h
i h
h ğ l Abʼni ĸi ȭ‹
ŷg Š ɧj? Ŵjû Ųk űȲů ĵŲh Ĭ‹
_źŪɔ ^ĵũ ô ĵŅj Űɞ űŸĵŇ=
h
h h h i iiû h
û
i
i
k
û bh P˱
hĵŹžjȯ űû ȡŋh ųh šû ļh Ŏ‹
h
j Ɓ‹ ŴjŲ űȱįŒȸ= źh Ÿ ÿð aǞȮ
unrighteous deed a , so do not b ask Me about
something you know nothing about; I surely
admonish you lest you be one of the ignorant.” 47 He
said, “O My Lord, I do seek refuge with You from
asking You about what I have no knowledge of, and
unless You forgive me and have mercy on me, I will
be one of the losers.” 48 It was said, “O Noah,
disembark with peace from Us, and with blessings
upon you and upon communities that will spring
from those with you. And to (other) communities We
shall grant enjoyment, then a painful punishment
from Us will touch them.” 49 That is of the stories
of the hidden realm which we reveal to yousg; never
were you nor your people to know them before this,
so be patient; the future outcome surely belongs to
the people who are mindful (of God). 50 And to ʻĀd,
their brother Hud. He said, “O my people, worship
Allah; you have no other god but Him; you are
nothing but fabricators. 51 O my people, I ask you
no reward for it; my reward is only from the One
Who originated me. Do you not reason? 52 And, O
my people, ask forgiveness from your Lord then
repent to Him. He will send down abundant rain
from the sky for you and will add strength to your
strength. But do not turn away as criminals.” 53
They said, “O Hud, you did not come to us with any
evident proof, and we shall not abandon our gods
for your words, and we shall not believe in you. 54
We only say that some of our gods have possessed
you with evil.” He said, “I call Allah to witness, and
you to witness, that I am innocent of what you
associate 55 apart from Him. So plot against me, all
together, then do not reprieve me. 56 I have indeed
placed my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord.
There is not a treading creature but He holds it by
its forelock; indeed, my Lord is on a straight path.
But if theyc turn away, then I have conveyed to
57
you what I was sent to you with. And my Lord will
make other people succeed you, and you will not
harm Him at all. My Lord is indeed a Constant
Preserver over everything.” 58 Thus when Our
command came, We delivered Hud and those who
had attained faith with him, by mercy from Us, and
from a harsh punishment. And
We delivered them
59
that was ʻĀd: they repudiated the signs of their Lord
Qa
Qb
Qc
Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . surely, he acted unrighteously . . .”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . so never ask me about . . .”
Al-Bazzi read it as: “But if youpl turn away . . .”
150
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
l i h
x ŋhũ ȗk Kh `ğ ? jŷûȎh ? l Aźm Ʌź
x ƣĠ ĶɆ
û hŦ
i iĻ űğ Ȫi iabŋi jŧŤû ļh Ŏĭ
Aźɉĵũ ̾ Ķž
j ˏ j
j
j j
ğ hm
hh mh h h h q
h ȯ ĺŶ
h Ŭi ʼnû hũ Ńji ۊɻh Š ɔh
ʼnh ĸi šû ȫ `= ĵŶh Š ƋŹh Ŷû ȩɁ ðˑŊŠɪ Ůĸû Ȱ ˊźk Łi ŋû Ɋh ĵŶžj
k h h hğ h imh i iû h h
i jŷûȎh ? m ĵhŵźŠi ʼnû hĻ ĵųjğ Ɋk ū
ĶɆ
ŋ
Ɋ
p ő Ǐj ů ĵŶȫ˯ ĵŵ>ĵķA;h ʼnĸšȬ ĵŲ
j
p j
k
h
i Ŭi `? űû ļi Ȭû ;h Kh h= _j źû Ūh Š ɔh ^ĵh hũ ̿
Š h h ĺŶ
ƴj Š ȺĻA;h bh ȗj Kğ ŴjŲk pĹŶh j kɀhķ ȇ
j
h
h û ğ
h û Kh ŷi Ŷjû Ų
i i hŽ Ŵųh ȯh Ĺq Ƨ
ĵųh ȯ ÿð ŷi ļi žû ŕh Š `j? jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ų Țj DzŶ
ûh hû h h i h
h h h
i h ğ ih h
űû Ȳů jĬ‹ Ĺũĵŵ Āj aŊj Šɪ _j źû ŪŠɔbh ̀ Ǟ
jŏ
p ƛû ǞȮ ƴj ŵbʼnɆŌj Ļ
h
h
h
ğ
h
i h h i h h ðqh h
m j Ůû ȱ
j =Ǎ
;p źm ŏi j ȵ ĵŸźŏĠ ųh ȩ ƅbh ðjĬ‹ P˱
įĻ ĵŸbKŊŦ ĹŽA;
l iğhh h hh h ihhh
h x h h û i h i ûhh
x
Ǎj Aźšļųȩ ^ĵŪȯ ĵŸbŋŪšȯ ́ ĶɆŋj ũ BAŊŠ űȱŊŇįžȯ
û h i û h f û h h Šh ğ h h h Šh h û i h
h;mĵŁh ĵųğ hŰhŦ ͂ BbŊi ŭ
Ų ǞȮ ʼnŠb ūj ɉə ˌpˉĵŽɁ ĹĿʄľ űȡjKAI
p
ğh hi ûh
h û ŋh ķ ÿŷi šh Ųh l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ bh ĵŅjq ۊɞh ĵŶh žû Ƒ
Ŵjû Ųbh ĵŶjğ Ųk Ĺp Ƨ
ĵŵŋɊ=
j
h
h ğh ğ
h ȑ‹ğ Ŋh Ňh =bh ̓ ŌɆ
i Ōšh ûů‹ dĠ źŪh ûů‹ źh Ÿi ū
ŴŽj
ɅK `j? Ŋˏ g j ɌŲj źû hŽ dj Ōjû Ň
j
j
ğ hh
û hįhŦ Ĺi Ņ
ğ l Aźųi hŰŝh
h žû ŕɉ‹
h ųĿŠɕh űjû ŸŋŠɔjh I Ǎ l AźŅ
i
h
ĸ
Ŕ
űû ů `įŬ ̈́ ǻ
jj
j
j
hh
l h h lh h ğ m hh m h lûhû h
h k q
ȯ AźŶŤȬ
Iźųi hȌj Aʼnšû Ȩi ƅɁ ñűû Źi Ʌğ Kh Abŋi ŧȱ AIźųi Ȫ `j? ƅɁ ñ ĵŹžj
h l i h Š h û iû h hû mhi i i û hm h û hhh
ðĵųq Š ʄŎh Aźɉĵũ c
Ǭȼůĭjķ űžjŸŠɷķj? ĵŶŰŎK D;ĵŁ ʼnŪůb ͅ
mh h ğhh
h h h h x Šh h h h
û šķ ;h m ĵŁh `h= Ľ
A;K ĵųŰŦ ͆ Ŋp žj Ŷńh Ůg ł
jj
j Ȋ ĵųȯ ðűʄŎ ^ĵũ
h
l i h q h û iû h h û h û i h h ûh i h h û i h ûh
Aźɉĵũ ô ĹŧžjŇ űŹŶjŲ ōŁb=b űŸŋȲ
j ŵ jŷȎj? Ůŕj Ļ ƅ űŹȬjʼnŽɁ
h
i h h mhû ûi mğ ûhh h
x h mh ii h û h
Ĺųjɋĵũ ÿŷĻɁŋɊ‹b ͇ Qź
p ɉ _j źû ũ ǓŠ j ? ĵŶŰjŎK= ĵȫj? ťƛ ƅ
h h h
h Ŏû ıȨ ĵŹh Šɓh Ǭ
h Ŏû ? ;j m AKh bh ŴjŲbh Ũh Šɳ
û ŭ
h Ūi šû Ȭh Ũh Šɳ
û ğ hȼhŦ ĺ
Ņ
Bź
j ŘŦ
j
jj
h
h
h
h h
ğ e h
û hůĵhũ ͈
i Šh ú ĵhŵɁbh Ȑi j =;h Ʋ
Ģ h ŰɆû źh Š ɔh ĺ
`j? ðĵňžû ő ǔj šû Ȩh AŊŠɪbh xLźł
ğ
ûh
x Šh ;f ǀ
h h ûhh l i h
û h h ɉ AŊh Šɪh
ðjĬ‹ ŋj Ɋ= Ŵjû Ų ǻjĸłšȩɁ Aźm ɉĵũ ͉ Ķžł
j
x h ğ
û û hû h û i ûh h ii h hhh ğ i hû h
ʼnžjƧ ÿŷi ŵj? ĺ
ˏ j žhȊ‹ ŮŸ= űȲžŰŠ ÿŷļŠɦŋɅb jĬ‹ ĺƧK
i ğ h Šh û û h h h h ğ h h
û m
x ğ
ŷi Ļ;h ĵŁh bh Sbû ŋɉ‹
űžjŸɷķj? Ŵȭ ĶŸJ ĵųŰŦ ͊ ʼnžƣ
j
h
h
i
i
h
h i Š Ǭ
x aŠɩğ = űžj
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? `ğ ? ͋ Qź
h û iȼûů‹
f Űơ
h űžj
g ɉ _j źû ũ Ǎj ĵhȍjʼnŠɲŽ c
j j
h
h
h
x Ġ
i ŸŠɷh ûķıʑ
iŋɊû = ;h m ĵŁh ʼnû hũ ÿŷi ğŵj? ðmˑŊh Šɪh Ŵû ȭh Pû ŋŠû = űžj
j Ģ ͌ Ķžj ŶŲ
j
and disobeyed His messengers and followed the
command of every stubborn tyrant. 60 And they
were pursued by a curse in this Earlier (Life) and on
the Day of Resurrection. Undoubtedly, ʻĀd did deny
their Lord. Undoubtedly, away with ʻĀd, the people
of Hud. 61 And to Thamûd, their brother Saleh. He
said, “O my people, worship Allah; you have no god
other than Him; He initiated you from the earth and
assigned you to develop it, so seek His forgiveness
and then repent to Him. My Lord is indeed Near,
Responsive.” 62 They said, “O Saleh, we had hopes
in you before this. Are you forbidding us from
worshiping what our parents worship? And most
surely, we are in serious doubt regarding what you
are calling us to.” 63 He said, “O my people, have
you seen: if I rely on evident proof from my Lord
and He has given me mercy from Him? Who then
would support me against Allah if I disobeyed
Him? For you add nothing to me except causing
losses. 64 And O my people, this is the she-camel of
Allah—a sign for you—so let her graze in Allah’s
land and do not touch her with any harm lest an
imminent punishment overtake you.” 65 But they
hamstrung her, so he said, “Enjoy yourselves in
your home for three days; that is a promise not to
be belied.” 66 Then when Our command came, We
delivered Saleh and those who had attained faith
with him, by mercy from Us, and from the disgrace
of that day. Indeed, your Lorda is the All-Powerful,
the Almighty. 67 And those who had done injustices
were taken away by the Shout and became
motionless bodies in their homes, 68 as if they had
never prospered therein. Undoubtedly, Thamûd did
deny their Lord. Undoubtedly, away with Thamûd.
And very truly, Our messengers came to Abraham
69
with glad tidings. They said, “Peace.” He said,
“Peace,” and soon after he came with a roasted calf.
But when he saw their hands not reaching towards
70
it, he distrusted them and conceived a fear of them.
They said, “Do not fear; we have indeed been sent
to the people of Lot.” 71 And his wife was standing
by, so she laughed. And We gave her glad tidings
of Isaacb, and after Isaac, Jacob. 72 She said, “Woe
to me. Shall I give
birth when I am an old woman
and this, my husband, is an old man? This is truly
an amazing thing!” 73 They said, “Are you amazed
a
b
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
The Hebrew word Isaac means ‘he will laugh’.
151
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
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p Ƥ ˉp źŽ BAŊŠ űȲžŰŠ
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bû = ĵŵ>ĵhķA;h ʼni ĸi šû Ȭh ĵŲh ]h Ǜ
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jK= ĵŲb ô ĵŶŏń ĵũLjK ŷŶjŲ
at the command of Allah? The mercy and blessings
of Allah are upon you, O people of the house. He is
indeed Praiseworthy, Glorious.” 74 And when
Abraham’s fear had subsided and the glad tidings
had reached him—he arguesa with Us concerning
the people of Lot. 75 Most surely, Abraham is
forbearing, imploring, penitent. 76 “O Abraham,
disregard this; surely your Lord’s command has
come, and an irreversible punishment shall surely
be brought upon them.” 77 And when Our
messengers came to Lot, he was troubled over them
and concerned for them, and he said, “This is a
dreadful day.” 78 And his people came rushing
towards him, while earlier they were in the habit of
doing evil deeds. He said, “O my people, these are
my daughters; they are purer for you, so be mindful
of Allah and do not disgrace me concerning my
guests. Is there not one prudent man among you?”
They said, “You have (long) known that we have
79
no right to your daughters, and surely you know
well what we want.” 80 He said, “If only I had
strength against you or could rely on some intense
support.” 81 They said, “O Lot, we are the
messengers of your Lord; they will not reach you,
so take your family on a journey while yet a part of
the night remains, and let none of you look back.
But not your wifeb —she will be afflicted by that
which afflicts them. Indeed, their appointed time is
the morning. Is not the morning near?” 82 And when
Our command came, We turned it upside down, and
We rained down on it stones of baked clay, 83
marked from yoursg Lordc, and never far from the
unjustpl. 84 And to Midian, their brother Shuaib. He
said, “O my people, worship Allah—you have no
god other than Him—and do not give short measure
or short weight. I see you are prospering, but I fear
for you the punishment of an encompassing day.”
“O my people, give full measure and full weight
85
with justice, and do not defraud people of their
belongings, and do not go wickedly about the land,
corrupting it. 86 A remnant which is granted by
Allah is better for you, if you are believers. And I
am not a constant preserver over you.” 87 They said,
“O Shuaib, does your prayerd command you that we
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “so take your family on a journey while yet a part of the night remains. And let none
of you look back except for your wife—she will be afflicted by . . .”
c
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qd
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . do your prayers command you . . .”
a
Qb
152
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
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m j ȯźû hĻ ĵŲh bh ĺ
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ğ
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ŴjŲ jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ `źŠʼnŽ Ʋj ů‹ űŹļŹj ɉA; űŹŶȭ ĺŶȮ=
ûh hû h û i i h hh h kh i ûh hm h ğğ û h
ͦ Ķž
ĸ
j
p ȽĻ ǞȮ űŸbIAL ĵŲb ðūjɅK ŋɊ= ;ĵŁ ĵųɉ p;ƾ
ğ f h Š h h h Š h i û h h h m h h k h i û h h Šh h h
`j? ô Ĺųj Űɡ Ǘj b cŋŪů‹ ŊŇ= AJj? ūjɅK ŊŇ= ūj ɉɶȡb
abandon what our fathers worship or that we should
not do with our wealth whatever we will? Very
truly, you are the forbearing, prudent one!” 88 He
said, “O my people, can you see? What if I rely on
evident proof from my Lord and He has provided
me with good provision from Himself? And I have
no desire to do what I forbid you from doing. I
desire nothing but reform as far as I can. And in no
way is my success with anyone except with Allah.
In Him I have placed my trust, and to Him I turn
penitently. 89 And O my people, let not your hostility
towards me cause you to suffer what was suffered
by the people of Noah or the people of Hud or the
people of Saleh; and the people of Lot are not far
off from you. 90 And ask your Lord for forgiveness
and then repent to Him; my Lord is indeed
Bestowing of mercy, Most Loving.” 91 They said,
“O Shuaib, we do not comprehend much of what
you say, and we see that you are weak among us;
and were it not for your clan, we would have stoned
Bestowing of mercy, Most Loving.” 91 They said,
“O my people, is my clan mightier to you than
Allah? And you have turned your backs on Him?
Indeed, my Lord is All-Encompassing of what you
do. 93 And O my people, act according to your
positiona; surely, I am also acting (according to mine);
you will know to whom will come a punishment
that disgraces him and who it is that is a liar. So wait
and watch; surely I too am watching out with you.”
And when Our command came, We delivered
94
Shuaib and those who had attained faith with him,
by mercy from Us. And the Shout took away those
who had done injustices, so they became motionless
bodies in their homes 95 as if they had never
prospered therein. Undoubtedly, away with Midian
as was done away with Thamûd. 96 And very surely,
We sent Moses with Our signs and an evident
manifestation 97 to Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they
followed the command of Pharaoh, and never was
the command of Pharaoh prudent. 98 He precedes
his people on the Day of Resurrection, and he ledb
them into the Fire, and what a miserable drinking
place to be led to! 99 And they were followed by a
and on the Day of Resurrection;
curse in this (life)
what a miserable gift to be gifted! 100 That is of the
Shuʻba read it as: “. . . your positions . . .”
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
Qa
b
153
PART 12. HUD
Surah 11- Hûd
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x i û ğ x û h h Šh h
i ğȍ‹ Ȕi ğ Sź
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j ŲAI ĵŲ ĵŹžj
i ûh hû h em h h h Ġh
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ʼni ĸi šû Ȭh ĵųjğ Ɋk pĹɆh ŋjû Ɋ Ǎj ūĻ ƆŦ ͭ pJbŊƣ Ǟ
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i h hû h
h Ɋi ĵŶh ûɀhĻA;h ʼnû Ūh hůbh ͮ OźŪŶ
h h i Ġ h
ƽź
p Ų ǞȮ űû Źi ĸžŕj ŵ űû ŸźŦźh ųi ɉ
û h h Šh û
h
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ūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ĺ
Ŧ Ķɮjŭů‹
ˏ
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ğ û ihûh h ih
i i û k k őh Ǐhů űû Źi ȫ˯
ĵųğ ɉ ȃ `˯ ͯ ĶɆ
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p ŋj Ɋ ŷŶjŲ ū
h
h û h
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h h i
Ͱ xǞjĸŇ `źŰųh šû Ȭh ĵųh j ķ ÿŷi ŵj? űô û Źi ۊʅh Š= ūɅĠ Kh űû Źi Ŷğ žjh ȯźh iȎ
ğ l h h h h
û hŦ
h hĻ ŴŲh bh Dh ŋjû Ɋi= m ĵųh Ŭh űû jŪļh Ŏĭ
ĵųh j ķ ÿŷi ŵj? Aźûô Ťśû ȩ ƅbh ūšh Ųh Bĵ
l i h h h ğ h lm i h ûh hh
h i h
AźųŰŝ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ǔj? AźŶŬŋĻ ƅb ͱ xǞŕj hķ `źŰųh šû ȩ
i m h
ğ
i k i h hh i ğ i i ğ hhh
űğ Ȫ ;h ĵhȎj bû = Ŵjû Ų jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ űȲů ĵŲb Kĵȍ‹ űȲŏųļȯ
hh
h h h hŠh ğ
qh
h i h i h
Ŵjh Ųk ĵŧůLi bh jKĵŹh ğȍ‹ ȝ
ŋ
Ś
C
ź
Ű
ŕɉ‹
űj
ũ
=
b
Ͳ
`b
DzŶĻ ƅ
j
j
û
û
h h `ğ ? ŮûȎ‹ğ
hk ğ
hû ûi
Š ŋh ŬjJ ūjh ɉŠəh Dĵ
c
j Šɰŏh ơ‹
ˏ j nZjžŏɉ‹ ǷjŸŊŽ ĺ
j ˏj
h
h
û
ğ
û ųi ɉ‹ ŋh Łû = şž
û û h
h ȿ jŏŅ
h ğ `ğ ıhŦ ǚ
i Ř
h
ǻ
j
j iŽ ƅ Ĭ‹
j j Ŕ‹b ͳ ŴɆŋjj ŬŠɶŰj ɉ
ğ h l ili i ûh
i iû h h h hûhh
pĹžjŪķ Aźɉb= űû Ȳj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ `b
j ŋŪů‹ ŴjŲ `ǽ ƅźŰŦ ʹ
h
hû
q h ğ
hû
h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj jIĵŏh ŧů‹ Ŵj Šh `źû Źh Ŷû Ȭh
ĵŶh žû hƑ= Ŵû ųjğ Ɋk Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? P˱
l i ûi mh l ih h h ğ hhğ h û iû
ûi l i hh
h Ųŋƣ
ǻj
Aź
ŵ
Ȣ
b
j
ŷ
žj
ȯ
AźŦŋj ĻɁ ĵŲ AźųŰŝ ŴŽjȑ‹ şĸȩ‹b ñűŹŶjŲ
j
ih û h h û i Š h i û h û i h Ġ h h h h h
ĵŹŰŸ=b ˈp ŰŞjķ cŋŪů‹ ūj ŰŹȎj ūɅK `ǽ ĵŲb ͵
stories of the towns—We relate them to you; some
are still standing and some have withered away. 101
And in no way did We do them any injustice, but to
themselves they did injustice, so their gods whom
they called upon apart from Allah availed them
nothing when the command of your Lord arrived,
and they did not increase them in anything but ruin.
And such is the seizing of your Lord when He
102
seizes the towns while they are unjust. His seizing
is indeed most painful, most severe. 103 Indeed, in
that is a sign for whoever fears the punishment of
the Hereafter. That is a day for which mankind will
be gathered together, and that is a day to be
witnessed, 104 and we only postpone it until a
predetermined term. 105 On the day when it arrives,
not a single self can speak without His leave, so
some will be wretched and some will be happy. 106
So as for the wretched ones, they are in the Fire—
they have therein sighing and gasping, 107 abiding
therein for as long as the heavens and the earth
remain, except as your Lord has willed. Indeed,
yoursg Lord is Doer of whatever He wants. 108 And
as for the ones who have been granted happinessa,
they are in the Garden (of Paradise), abiding therein
for as long as the heavens and the earth remain,
except as your Lord has willed—an uninterrupted
grant. 109 So do not regard what these people
worship with skepticism. They do not worship
except as their fathers used to worship before, and
most surely We will pay them their due in full,
undiminished. 110 And indeed We already brought
Moses the Scripture, but it was differed upon. And
were it not for a word that had preceded from your
Lord, judgment would have been decreed between
them, and they are most surely in perplexing doubt
concerning it. 111 Yet indeedb, to every one of them
your Lord will certainly render in full (the reward) for
their deeds; indeed, He is All-Aware of what they
do. 112 So besg upright as you have been commanded,
along with whoever has repented with you, and dopl
not exceed all limits; indeed, He is All-Seeing of
what you do. 113 And do not rely on those who have
done injustices or the Fire will touch you, and you
will have no guardians
apart from Allah, and you
will not be supported. 114 And establishsg the prayer
at both extremities of the day and in the early hours
Qa
Qb
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . the ones who have become happy . . .”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir and Shuʻba read it as: “Yet to every one of them, your Lord will . . .”
154
PART 12. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
q i h
h hh h Ġ h h m h û h h
h
q
ūɅK ;ĵő źɉb Ͷ `źŅji Űŕû Ɋi
ð Cʼnjh ńŠɩh ĹŲğ = Mĵğȍ‹ Ůšh Ơ
ğ
ûi h i hh hh
h
h h
h ŧjŰļh ƥ
ūj ɉŠɶj ůbh ôūi ɅĠ Kh űjh ńKğ ŴŲh ƅj? ͷ ǻ
`źɉAŌŽ ƅb
j
h i h hû h i
q hğ û Š h q ğ ğ h ğ ğ h h h h h h û h h h Ġh h h m i h û h h h
h `ŮƂ
û Ͷųğ ȩh `ź
ńɩ ŴjĹh ŲŲ= űMĵ
šƠ
ūū
ɅKkɅKh ;ĵő
źɉb ĺ
û Źi ŰŪŕ
ð CjĹʼnjŶƠ‹
h jǿ
h ñűŅj
h ŶŹh Łȍ‹
Ɋ
Ɓ
Ĺ
ų
b
ŰŇɊ
j
j
h Š h h m h hĠ h h h ğ h h h Ġ ğ i ğ kq i h h û h i h h û h i h h h h
h Ʌ= KŴjû ŲűjńūK žû ŰŴŠŲ œ
ƅj?Ūȫͷȥbǻ
ūj
ƥjšƦ
`ź= ɉAMĵ
ŌŽj ğȍ‹
ƅbbh
h ͸
jŧjŰļǻ
Ġ ůbj;ĵôū
Ůj Ŏi ɉɶjŋɉ‹
ĸ˩
h
h
û h hû ğ h h ğ h û h h k h i h h û ğ h h û i h h h
m h j ɅKh Ĺh ųh j ǿh i ĺųȩb i ñűk Źh iŪŰŇh
xjĹŶğ h Ơ‹
`h ƂǍɊƁ]h ;h ū
h ŶŹŁj aŊj Šɪ
j
ĹŞjŠźû Ɋh Ŵjbh ŲŨĠ h űơ‹
ĵŁb ô]IAİŦ Ājŷjķ ĺjĸȾŵ ĵŲ
j
h h û h h ğ k Ġ i ğ i kq i h h h û h û û h û ğ h
h =i Ŵjû û Ųi ū
Ġ û j;mĵh ĸ˩
l ŮiŎi h ŋɉ‹
j ŋh Ŭjȍ‹Jbbh
Űh Šȓjœ
ŠMĵ
Aźj Űųȭ‹ `źŶjûŲİŽ ƅ žŴŽj
ů ŮŪȫũbh ȥ͹b ͸
ǻj Ŷǻ
Ųj İjšųi Ʀ
Űj ɉ = c
m
x h û h h Ġ h l Šh
h ğh i i h i h k h h i h hh
h ŞjŠi źɊh bi Ũğơ‹ m j ai Ŋj ɪh hǍj ]h ;h h ĵŁh ibh Š ô]h h IA
Ĺ`b
ŷjķ j ļĺ
Š ĵŲ
ŋŞj ļŶŲ ĵŵj? AbŋŞj ļŵ‹b ͺ `źŰųj ɢ ĵİŵj?Ŧ űû ĀjȲ
ŵǾj ĸŲȾŵ ȇ
l i h h û û h i û i h h h h ğ ûk i h
h ŶŲj i İû û ųi h ûŰj ɉ c
Š ğ ŋh h Ŭjû Jbh
hŁŋû ŶjiŽŲİjŷûȎ˯
ğ ǻj
Aź
ųȭ‹şi `ź
Ž ƅ P˱
ŴŽjj ȓjƁ‹ů bh ŮD
ũj b Š ʆh ͹
iŋɊû ŰƁ‹
Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ĶžȮ jĬj b ͻ
hh i i h h i h ğ l m i h h h h
h i h Š h h û ğğ h û i h û h h h Š h Ġ h i
i
`bŰŋųh Şj šû ļŶȩ Ųĵųğ ĵȭŵj? ŮAbjŧŋŠ ʀŞj ķļŵ‹ūbɅĠ Kh ͺĵŲh b`ź
h Űû ųj ɢ ĵŵjh? űh Ȳ
i û i j ļ ŵǾŲ ȇ
`ź
hû û i h i g h j
h û h jŷˏ žŰh Šh ğ ȤźĻbi aû ʼnh ĸȭĭğ Ŧ h ÿŷǿ
j Ɓ‹b D
ŋi ɊƁ‹ şŁŋû Ž jŷûȎ˯ P˱
ͻ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹ ĶžȮ jĬj b ͼ
h h ûğ h
û h Ġi
h i h h
h h
`źŰųh šû ȩ ĵųğ ȭ Ůg jŧŠʀjķ ūɅĠ Kh ĵŲh bh jŷˏ žû ŰŠ Ȥźh Ļbh ai ʼnû ĸi ȭĭŦ ÿŷi ǿ
of the night. Indeed, good deeds do away with evil
deeds. That is a reminding for those who remember.
And besg patient, for surely Allah does not waste
115
the reward of those who excel in doing good. 116 So
if only there were, among the generations before
youpl, people with a remnant (of wisdom) forbidding
corruption in the land, other than the few of them
whom We saved. But the unjust ones pursued the
luxuries they were indulged in, and thus became
criminals. 117 And in no way would your Lord
destroy towns unjustly while their inhabitants are
reformers. 118 And had yoursg Lord willed, He could
have made mankind one community, but they
continue to differ, 119 except those upon whom your
Lord has bestowed mercy—and for that reason He
created them. And the Word of your Lord has been
fulfilled: “I will most surely fill Hell with (the race of)
unseen beingsa and human beings, both together.”
And all what We relate to you of the stories of the
120
messengers is to strengthen your heart therewith.
And the truth has come to you in this, and an
admonition and a reminder for the believers. 121 And
say to those who do not believe, “Act according to
your positionb; surely, we are also acting (according to
ours). 122 And wait; indeed, we too are waiting.” 123
And to Allah belongs the hidden realm of the
heavens and the earth, and to Him every matter is
returnedc. So worshipsg Him and place your trust in
Him, for your Lord is not oblivious of what youpl dod.
ͼ
h i i ih i
ťŎźŽ CKźŎ ˺˻
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
h i i ih i
ťŎźŽ CKźŎ ˺˻
h
û
m
e i
i h h h û m
h = ĵȫğ ? ̂ğ ǻĸųi û ɉ‹ğ Ķğ Šɮjh ŭûů‹ ĺ
ĵŵ˛ŋû ũ ŷi Šɰh ůŌŵ
űžj
j ńŋɉ‹j ˵
j ŋɉ‹ j Ĭ‹ ƈ Š ɔA; ūŰj Ļ ˏŋɉA
h h h h
h i h i ğ ğ q h
ih ûh
Ŵh ŏh ńû = ūžû ŰŠh œĠ Ūȫ Ŵi Ɨ ̃ `źŰjŪšû ȩ űû ȲŰšh ů ĵžk j Ʌŋh Š
û
ûh mğ
û ih h h h û m
e i
hŠɮjh ŭm h ů‹û h ĺ
m h ; ūŰj Ļh ˏhŋû ɉA
h j ĸųŠ i h ɉ‹ h Ķ
iûǻ
= ĵȫh j ? h ̂
ĵŵ˛ŋû ũh ŷi Šɰi h ůŌŵ
û = Š ɔA
û
û
j
j
ŴjŲ ĺŶ
Ŭ
`˯
`A
;
ŋ
Ū
ů‹
A
Ŋ
ɪ
ū
Ȏ
?
ĵ
Ŷ
ž
ń
b
ĵųķ œj ŕŪů‹
j
h h ûh h Ġ ih ûh
i û h û i û j ğ h ğ h kq h h
h
hŴk ŏh ńû =h h ū
h
i
h
ŰŪh šȩ űŠ h ȲŰh šů ĵžjɅŋû Šh
i ŴiŽƗ^ĵhũ̃Jû ?`ź
Ģ h žjŷŰŠžjȨƁjœťŪi ȫŎź
Űjŧʀů‹ Ŵųj ɉ ĀjŷjŰĸȰ
ƭj j ? ĺ
̄ jǻj
j ķɂʑ
j
ih
hh h û i û ğ h Š h h û h h hm h û h û h m h h h h h û
h
û
ŴjŲ ĺŶŬ `˯ `A;ŋŪů‹ AŊɪ ūȎ? ĵŶžń
ŕ
i ŪûŽɁů‹Kh
h bh =Šh ĵųʼnhj ķńh œ
Ǔj űû Źi ļi Ȭûh ɁKh ŋh ųh Ūh ů‹bh ōh ųû Œɉ‹bh ĵĸq Ŭźj û Ŭ Ǭ
=j ĺ
k
i i i hû h û h
h h ŰhŧŠʀh h ûů‹ Ŵh ųhɉ ĀjŷjŰĸû hȰh
Ģ Ģ hh h jŷžhj ȨƁj h û ť
û hķɂʑ
Ŏźû Ž i ^ĵh ũ Jj? ̄
ƭh j j ? hĺ
ǻj
j
h
j h ʼn łɜ
i
i
ğ
Š
ūj ĻźŇj? h ȇ ]ĵŽ;K œŕŪȩ ƅ ƴĸɔ ^ĵj ũ ̅ ŴŽj
j Šh
h
û
h
h
ğ
h
h
i ûŽɁKhh
h h Šh h ʼnh h ńh l = i ĺ
Ǔj űû x Źi ļi Ȭû Ġ ɁKh x k i ŋh h ųh Ūů‹bŠh h ōhû ųû Œɉ‹
bh ğ ĵĸq Ŭźûğ Ŭ Ǭ
̆ ǻjĸŲ bh ʼnŠ Ŵj ɹȸƄjj ɉ Ŵh Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ `j? ðˑʼne žû Ŭ ūɉ Abʼnžj
ŭžh ȯ
h
h
h
h
û
h
h
h û ûĢ h û h û i û i k
h h ʼnłh ɜ
ğ hh ĸi Ġ Š ɔh h ^ĵh ũ ̅
ūj Ļźh Ňh j ?h ȇ
]ĵŽh ;K œŕ
h i Ūȩh ƅ
h ûƒh ŴŽj
iɆbh ƴ
j ȡhŠ bh
Š
ĽŽj
b
į
Ļ
Ŵj
Ų
ū
ųj
Ű
š
ū
Ʌ
K
ɶ
ūž
ȼ
ļ
ūj
ɉ
j IĵńƁ‹ ŮɆ
j
j h û
ğ h h ğ e hû h h h l i h h
x ĸŲĠ h h bx k ʼnm i j Šh h Ŵɹȸ
h
û
h
hĢ h ǻ
Š
Š
i
Ƅj
ɉ
Ŵ
ɽ
ž
Œɉ‹
̆
`
?
ˑ
ʼn
ž
Ŭ
h
h
ð
h Ūj šû Ȭh ^A;h ȇ
h j û ūi hɉ h Abû ʼnžjĠ ŭižȯh
ȇ ĵŹh j ųğ h ȩû Ɂ ĵųh Ŭ û j Bź
j k Ģ b ūžŰŠ ÿŷļh ųšj ŵ űjļɆh b
h
h i hih h Ġh h hû h h h
h
ĽŽj
j IĵńƁ‹ ŮɆ
j jbįĻ ŴjŲ ūųj ŰšɆb ūɅK ūžjȼļƒ ūj ɉŠɶȡb
hh h ğ h h m h h h i û h h Ģhh h h ûh h i h h û Ġ i h
Ģȇ
ĵŹųȩɁ ĵųŬ BźŪšȬ ^A
j ; ȇb ūžŰŠ ÿŷļųšj ŵ űjļɆb
12. Joseph
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Alif Lām Ra. Those are the signse of the Evident
Scripture. 2 Indeed, We have sent it down as an
Arabic Recitalf, that youpl may reason. 3 We relate
to yousg the most beautiful of stories by revealing
to you this Recitalf, although prior to it you were
indeed one of the oblivious. 4 Recall when Joseph
said to his father, “O my father, I saw eleven planets
1
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
Qb
Shuʻba read it as: “Act according to your positions . . .”
Qc
All except for Nafieʻ and Hafs read it as: “. . . and to Him every
matter returns.”
Qd
All except for Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer, Hafs, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . of what they do.”
e
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
Qur’an, like ‘verse’ in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
f
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
a
155
PART 12. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
h h
h ğ h ğ h Š h û h Šh û i û h
x ŭńh űžj
f ŰŠh ū
űžj
ɅK `j? ô ŨɳŎ˯ űžjŸɷķj? ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ ūɆû źh hķɁ
h i i
h h û hğ
h ŰɋmĵŏŰj
ğ k x h h m h û
̈ ǻj
j ů ĺŠɔA; ĀjŷjĻźŇ˯ ťŎźŽ Ǎj `ǽ ʼnŪůø ̇
h Ġ h h i i hh i i ih l i h û
f
ûh
h ķh= Ǔ
Ģ
Ĺĸh ŕû Ši Ŵi Ɨbh ĵŶjğ Ų ĵŶɀ
j j ? Ķń= aźŇ=b ťŎźȎ Aźɉĵũ Jj?
h
û
Ġ يʄh ŗh Ǐhů ĵhŵĵhķɁh `ğ ?
û b= ťh Ŏź
i iŽ l AźiŰļi Ȱ‹
i ńi ŋh Ś‹
aź
̉
ǻ
ĸ
Ų
j
j
g j p
j
h
l
h
h
û
h
i
i i h i
q h
i
ĵŲq źû ũ Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj AźŵźȲĻbh űû ȲžjȨ= ŷi Łû bh űû Ȳů Ůƞ ĵŗ˱=
iûh h i i l iiûh h û iûk x mh h h
h Ņjۊɞh
Ǎj iaźŪůɁbh ťŎź
Ž AźŰļŪȩ ƅ űŹŶjŲ Ůjɋĵũ ^ĵũ ̊ ǻ
j
û
û
i
h
i ûh i û h h k i
i Ŭ `? j CKĵ
h ŰšŠɤ űû ļŶ
hh
h ğ ğ
ǻj
j
j ĸh Šɱţ
j žŏɉ‹ ŖšȨ ŷśjŪļŰŽ Ķ
j Ơ‹ ĺ
û
h h h h hhĢh l i h
i iŽ ȇ
iÿȔh ĵğŵ˯ ťh Ŏź
Š h h ĵŶğ ˹įhĻ ƅh ū
ɉ ĵŲ ĵŵĵķɂʑ Aźɉĵũ ̋
hi ğ û h û h h û h û h q h h h h i û û h
h i Šh h
ÿȔ ĵŵ˯ ĶšŰɆb şȩŋŽ Aʼnţ ĵŶšŲ ŷŰjŎK= ̌ `źŅ
ŕj ɰů
l i h û h h m i i û hh k h h
i h hh
h i h h
ů
[ĵŇ=b Ājŷjķ AźĸŸŊĻ `= ƴj ŵŌŅȎ ƭj j ? ^ĵũ ̍ `źŞjŧŠɳ
û
h
l
h
h
i
i
h
h
h
h i h i û k i i h h
=b Ķijjȑ‹ ŷŰȱįŽ `=
Ŵû j Ɍů Aźɉĵũ ̎ `źŰjŧŠɣ ŷi Ŷû ȭ űû ļŵ
ğ
hğ h
h i Šh q mğ fh û i i ûh h i û k ih h h
ĵųŰŦ ̏ `bǪ
j ɴů AJj? ĵȫj? Ĺĸ੠ŴƗb Ķijjȑ‹ ŷŰȱ=
h
û
l h h
ihûh h l hûh
mhûh û h k i
hh
ĵŶžńb=b Ķ
j ĸh Šɱţ Ǎj iaźŰšƒ `= Aźm ši Ʀ=bh Ājŷjķ Aźĸi ŸJ
ô j Ơ‹ ĺ
h
m
h h h h
û h i h h
h
bm ;i ĵŁh bh ̐ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ƅ űû Ÿbh AŊŠɪ űjû Ÿŋj Ɋû įjķ űŹi Ŷğ Ȼjĸk ȿiȋ jŷûȎj?
m h
h i
h h h h ğ mh hĢh l i h
i h
Aźɉĵũ ̑ `źŭĸû Ȭh ;q ĵŒjŠ űû ŸĵhķɁ
Ũi j ĸȽŏû ȸ ĵŶh ĸû ŸJ ĵŵj? ĵŵĵhķɂʑ
h i i hûhhh
û k ih h hh h h h h
h h= m ĵŲh bh Ķ
ĺŵ
Ž ĵŶȡŋĻb
ð i ijjȑ‹ ŷŰȱįŦ ĵŶjšŠɮŲ ʼnŶjŠ ťŎź
h Šh h i m h h
h Ȱʼnj Š ɞh ĵŶğ Ŭi źû h ɉbh ĵhȍğ ŴjŲİû ųi ķ
Ājŷŕž
b;ĵŁb ̒ ǻj
j ųj ũ ȇ
j
p
h
h
h
h
h
h
û
h
h
i
i
i
û ůźğ Ŏh Ůhķ ^ĵũ BjŊŬ ˉʼnh ķ
xǚû ŕh Ŧ ðˊŋq Ɋû = űû Ȳŏi ŧŵ= űû Ȳů ĺ
ˏp
p j
h i h h Šh h i h h û i û i ğ h x h
xh ğ h û hm h h
CKĵžŎ D;ĵŁb ̓ `źŧŕj Ļ ĵŲ ȇ `ĵšļŏųɉ‹ Ĭ‹b ð ŮžjƦ
h i h h Š h û i Šh h h i h û h Šh û h h û i h h l i h û h h
Ǭȼɔ ^ĵũ ÿð aźɉI ǓIįŦ űŸIjKAb AźŰŎKįŦ
űôx Š ʄţ AŊŠɪ c
h
h i
h h h h
i ğ ‹bh ô Ĺq šh Š ɼh ķ ab
i Ǧ
Ġ h =bh
i ŰŠh Ĭ
b ̔ `źŰųh šû Ȭh ĵųh j ķ ü űžj
˨ųh Ŀjķ iabû Ǩ
j
l
h hh
h
ûh
h iû h
ğ Ŵjh Ų jŷžjȯ AźiŵȢbh CIb
hh
h ʼnjŸŠɸů‹
^ĵũb ̕ ŴŽj
p ʼnšŲ űjh ŸŠɚI ōp ƚ
ğ
û
û h m hh û h û k
h h ő‹
Ģƿh Šh ŷi Š Ɗźh Ŀû Ųh Ǖj jŋȱ
djȑ‹
= ĀjŷjĻ=ŋɊ˔j DzjŲ ŴjŲ ŷi Š ƊǛ
and the sun and the moon; I saw them prostrating
to me.” 5 He said, “O my child, do not relate your
vision to your brothers, lest they plot a plot against
you; indeed, Satan is an evident enemy to man. 6
And thus your Lord will choose you and teach you
of the interpretation of dreams and perfect His
blessing upon you and upon Jacob’s folk, as He
perfected it before upon both of your forefathers
Abraham and Isaac; indeed, your Lord is AllKnowing, All-Wise. 7 Very truly, there have been
signsa in Joseph and his brothers for the askers. 8
Recall when they said, “Joseph and his brother are
certainly dearer to our father than we are, although
we are a (whole) band. Most surely, our father is in
evident misguidance. 9 “Kill Joseph or throw him
somewhere in the land, and your father‘s attention
will be yours, then afterwards you become
righteous people.” 10 Oneb of them said, “Do not kill
Joseph, but cast him into the invisible cavityc of the
unlined well—some travelers may pick him up—if
you must do something.” 11 They said, “O our father,
why do you not trust us with Joseph, when we are
most surely his advisors? 12 Send him with us
tomorrow, that hed may eat well and play, and we
are most surely his preservers.” 13 He said, “It surely
grieves me that you should go away with him, and
I fear the wolf may eat him while you are oblivious
of (what happens to) him.” 14 They said, “If the wolf
should eat him while we are a (whole) band, then
most surely, we would be losers.” 15 So when they
went away with him and agreed to put him into the
invisible cavityc of the unlined well, and We
revealed to him, “You will surely inform them of
this affair of theirs while they are unaware.” 16 And
they came to their father in the evening, weeping.
They said, “O our father, we went off racing one
17
another and left Joseph by our belongings, so the
wolf ate him. But in no way would you believe us,
even if we were truthful.” 18 And they came with
falsee blood on his shirt. He said, “Rather, your
(inner) selves prompted you (to do) something, so
beautiful patience (is most fitting for me), and Allah
alone is besought for help against what you
Ibn Kathir read it as: “Very truly, there has been a sign . . .”
Literally ‘a speaker of them’.
Qc
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . invisible cavities . . .”
Qd
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . that we may eat well . . .”
e
Literally ‘lying’.
Qa
b
156
PART 12. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
h i i ğ ğ h h Šh h h qh h i h ğ h û h m h h h h h
Ǎj ťŎź
Ȏj ĵŶŭŲ ūj ɉɶȡb ôˑȐb ÿaŊň
j ļȫ b= ĵŶšŧŶŽ `=
û
h
hû
h
h û
i ųjh kŰšh i jȍbh P˱
i ğ bh ĽŽj
Ģ h h Ķjf ůȖh Ĭ‹
j
ȇ
b
į
Ļ
Ŵj
Ų
ÿ
ŷ
Ɓ‹
ˏ j IĵńƁ‹ ŮɆ
j j
h
h
h
h h
û
hh h
ûh
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
= Ŵğ Ȳ
ŢŰhķ ĵųğ ɉbh ̖ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ Mĵ
j Š ɧbh Āj aŋj Ɋ=
û i i hûh h mi ğ ih
û ųi û ɉ‹ dŌûƑh ūjh ɉŠɶh ȡh bh ĵųq Űjû Šbh ĵųq ŭ
h ȿ jŏŅ
ǻ
ń ŷŠɰžȩA; ÿaʼnő=
ô
j
j
ğ ûh h
ûğ h
hğh
i
û
ĺ
j ŪŰţbh Ājŷ jŏŧȫ ŴŠ ĵŹh j ļɀhķ Ǎj źh Ÿ Ʋj ů‹ ŷi ĻIbh Š ɚbh ̗
h k h iğ ğ h h h h h h h h û h û h hh h hûh û
m K ÿŷŵj? ðjĬ‹ JĵšŲ ^ĵũ ôūɉ ĺžŸ ĺůĵũb BŠ ʆķƁ‹
Ŵh ŏh ńû = ȗ
j
h i Šğ i ûi h iğ h hûh
h
û ųğ Ÿh ʼnû Ūh hůbh ̘ `ź
űğ Ÿbh Ājðŷjķ ĺ
ųj Űɾů‹ Ńj ŰŧȬ ƅ ÿŷŵj? ðdAźĿŲ
h
h
h
Ġ ŷi Ŷû ȭh [Dzû h jȍ ūjh ɉŠɶŬ ĀjŷɅk Kh Ŵh Šɪh ŋû iķ A;h Kğ `h= mƅh źû h ɉ ĵŹh ķ
h;źm ŏɉ‹
ôj
j
j
û
û
h
m
û
h û h
h h û h
h
h ŕŰň
iğ
ĵŪĸh ȽŎ‹
b ̙ ǻ
j ųi ɉ‹ ĵŵjIĵĸjh Š Ŵjû Ų ÿŷŵj? ô ;h ĵŒŅŧů‹bh
û hh h h k h hûh ii
i h h û ğh h û
Bĵ
ˏ j hȊ‹ AȐ ĵŸʼnjžŎ ĵžh ŧůɁbh ŋp ķI ŴjŲ ÿŷŕžųj ũ Dʼnũbh BĵhȊ‹
h
h mğ
m
h ûh h h
û hůĵhũ
bû = Ŵh łh ŏû i ȹ `= ƅj? A;e źm Ŏi ūj ŰŸįjķ IAKh = Ŵû Ųh ;i AŌh Łh ĵŲh ĺ
h f h h
ûğ h ûh h h h h h
h
x h
j ^ĵũ ̚ űx Ȏj = BA
ʼnjŸĵő ʼnh Źj őbh ƿ
ŊŠ
ˏ j ŧȫ ŴŠ ƴj ĻIbŠɚ Ǘ
h
i
i û h h h h ii
i ųhũ `h ǽh `? m ĵŹjh ŰŸû = Ŵjû Ųk
źh Ÿbh ĺ
ũʼnŕŦ Ůp ĸȰ ŴjŲ ʼnğ ũ ÿŷi ŕž
j
j
h û h
i
i
h ȨjŊŠʃ
i ųhũ `h ǽh `˯ ̛ ǻ
ů‹ ŴjŲ
ŋp iķI ŴjŲ ʼnğ ũ ÿŷi ŕž
j
j
i
ğ h hih û hh h h
h ųhũ A;h Kh ĵųğ hŰhŦ ̜ ǻj
h Ȱʼnj Š ɻů‹
ʼnğ ũ ÿŷi ŕž
ŴjŲ źŸb ĺķŊŭŦ
j
ğ h h i
i hûh ğ ğ i ûh
x Şj Šh Ŵğ ȱ
̝ űž
ʼnžŬ `j? ðŴȡjʼnžŬ ŴjŲ ÿŷi ŵj? ^ĵũ ŋp iķI ŴjŲ
i ğ
h
ûh û h h h û û h i i i
ĺŶ
Ž
j Ŭū
j ŵj? ū
jˌ j ĸ˩ȑj dŋj jŧŤļŎ‹bh ôˑŊŠɪ Ŵû ȭ Pŋj Š= ťŎź
hi û h h û
h hh
x
h û Ŵjh Ų
h nZŚj ĵƢ‹
D=ŋh Ɋ‹ jĹŶŽjʼnųɉ‹ Ǎj Cźh ŏjû ȸ ^ĵũbø
̞ ǻ
j
h h hů ĵğŵ? ðĵĸĝ ńi ĵŹh ŧh Ťh őh ʼnû hũ Ājŷ jŏŧû ȫğ ŴŠh ĵŹh Š Ƌļh ȯh Ii bŠɷh iĻ ŌɆŌšh ûů‹
ĵŹh Š Ɗǝ
j
ð
j j j
h
h
h
û
h
h
Ġ h h
û ŰŎh Kû = Ŵjğ Ÿŋŭųh ķ ĺ
û h h ğ
Ŵğ Źj ûȎj? ĺ
p j ĸŲ Ůp Š ʄŗ Ǎj
j j šųj Ŏ ĵųŰŦ ̟ ǻ
ği û h h h q h ğ i ğ ih û h h û hh
k
q ŭj
ĵŶžj
ĻA;b ĵnZŭļŲ ŴŹɉ Dʼnļȭ=b
Ŏ Ŵğ Źi Ŷjû Ųk p Cʼnjh ńŠɩh ȁ ĺ
h
h
h h
h
hûh û m ihû h ğhh ğ ûh h û i û
Ŵh šû śğ Ȱbh ÿŷi ŵǚ
ȱ= ÿŷŶȬɁK ĵųŰŦ ðŴŹj žŰŠ Fŋҋ ĺ
j ůĵũbh
x h h ğ m h Šh û e h h h Šh h ğ h Šh h û i h ğ i h ûh
ūŰɊ ƅj? AŊɪ `j? AǬȵ AŊɪ ĵŲ jĬj Őɖ ŴŰũb ŴŹȬjʼnŽɁ
describe.” 19 And there came some travelers, so they
sent their water-carrier, then he let down his bucket.
He said, “What glad tidingsa! Here is a boy!” And
they hid him as merchandise. Yet Allah is AllKnowing of what they do. 20 And they sold him for
a cheap price—a few coins, and they were of those
undervaluing him. 21 Yet the man from Egypt who
purchased him said to his wife, “Tend graciously to
his dwelling; hopefully he may be useful to us, or
we may take him as a son.” And thus We established
Joseph in the land, and so that we might teach him
of the interpretation of dreams. And Allah always
prevailsb in His affairs, yet the majority of mankind
does not know. 22 And when he had attained full
strength, We brought him wise judgment and
knowledge, for thus do We repay those who excel
in doing good. 23 Then she in whose house he was
living sought to seduce him, and she shut the doors
and said, “(Everything is) ready for you.” He said,
“God is my refuge! He is my lord, who has given
me a good dwelling; indeed, the unjust ones never
succeed.” 24 And surely, she advanced towards him,
and he would have advanced towards her had he not
seen the proof of his Lord. Thus it was, so that We
would divert evil and obscenity away from him;
indeed, he is one of Our sincere chosenc servants.
And they raced towards the door, and she tore his
25
shirt from behind, and at the door they ran into her
master. She said, “What is the penalty for someone
who wanted evil towards your family except
imprisonment or a painful punishment?” 26 He said,
“It was she who sought to seduce me.” And a
witness from her own family testified: “If his shirt
has been torn from the front, then she has told the
truth and he is of the liars. 27 But if his shirt has been
torn from the back, then she has lied and he is of
the truthful.” 28 Then when he saw that his shirt had
been torn from the back, he said, “This is indeed of
yourd plotting; indeed, your plotting is great!” 29
“Joseph, disregard this. And you (woman), ask
forgiveness for your misdeed; indeed, you have
been one of the wrongdoers.” 30 And some ladies in
the city said, “The mighty governor’s wife seeks to
seduce her young
assistant; he has certainly
impassioned her with love! Indeed, we do see her
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “What glad tidings for me!”
Literally ‘overcomes’.
Qc
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . one of Our sincere servants.”
d
The Arabic wording indicates that these words are directed at a group of women.
Qa
b
157
PART 12. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
ğ
ğ i
hh
i hh û h h
x ŋŬh
ůĵũ ̠ űɆ
ʼnû Ūůbh ˌjŷžjȯ ƴj ȿļi ųû ɉ djȑ‹ Ŵğ Ȳj ůŠɶŦ ĺ
j
ğ
h
m
û
h
û
û
ğ
Ġ
h
û Ŧ Ājŷ jŏŧȫ ŴŠ ÿŷi ĻIbh Š ɚh
ÿiaŋi ɊAi ;h ĵŲh Ůšh ŧȬh űû ů ŴjɌůbh ðűh ŕh šû ļh Ŏĭ
ğ h k q i hh h ğh h û ih
û ŏɉ‹
k h h h
h
Ŵi ł
jk B
j K ^ĵũ ̡ ŴɆŋj jŤŠɻů‹ ŴjŲ ĵŵźŭȎb Ǻłŏɀů
h û û h ğ ûh m h i û h ğ ğh Ġ h h
i h
Ŵğ Ÿʼnh žû Ŭ ƴjk ȭ [Dz
j Ļ ƅ˯ ˌjŷȎj? ƴj ŵźŠʼnŽ ĵųjɊ Ǔj? Ķń=
h h h h û h
i hh ğ ûh i û h
h ûů‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ŵȱ
h ŰŹŠɲ
ÿȔi Bĵ
łļŎĭŦ ̢ ǻj
=b ŴŹj Ȏj? ĶŔ=
j
ğ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ? Ŵğ Ÿi ʼnh žû Ŭh ŷi Ŷû ȭh [h Dz
i ųj ŏɉ‹
i Űšh ûů‹ şž
h h hŦ ÿŷi ɅĠ Kh
̣ űžj
j ô
h lihh h û h ü k ih h h ğ i
i ŏû hɀhů ĺ
Š
ŠƲğ ńh ÿŷi Ŷğ Ŷi ł
j ɔ˖‹ Ab=K ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ ŴŲj űŹɉ Aʼnķ űȪ
h
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m k j j ? m ĵųh Ÿi ʼni ńh = ^ĵh hũ ˌ`j ĵžh ļh ȯh Ŵh ł
ƭ
j k ŷi šh Ųh ŮŇIbh ̤ ǻj
p ń
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ğ Ůi ȱ
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ūŠ Ɗŋh ŵ ĵŵj? mĀjðŷjŰɆjbįļh j ķ ĵŶh Ĵû j kȼŵ ðŷi Ŷjû Ų Ǟ
įĻ ˊǠŇ ƽ=K
ğ m hh ûi x h h h i ûh h h h
û ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų
h ȿ jŏŅ
ƅj? ĀjŷjŵĵũLŋĻ _ĵšŚ ĵųŭžjȩįŽ ƅ ^ĵũ ̥ ǻ
j
û
ğh
i h i û h h h
i iû h
ƴj ųh ŰŠ ĵųjğ Ɋ ĵųh ŭj ůŠə ô ĵųh ŭžjh ȩįhŽ `= Ůĸû Ȱ ĀjŷjŰɆjbįļh j ķ ĵųh ȲĻɂĸğ ȫ
ğ h i ûi ğ ûh hğ i ûhh k mkh
j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭjķ űŸi bh jĬĭ
j ķ `źŶjŲİŽ ƅ ˉp źũ ĹŰjɊ ĺȡŋĻ ƭj j ? ˏ ȗj K
h
h û i
h Ŏ˯
û űžj
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? dj
m mh h hğ i ûhğ h
Ũh Šɳ
j ;ĵķA; ĹŰjɊ ĺšĸȩ‹b ̦ `bŋi jŧŠɦ űŸ
ûĠ h mhh h h h h iûhh
ğ
h h û h
ŴjŲ ūj ɉŠə ˏ ;p ƾ
ŴjŲ jĬĭjķ ]h Ǭ
ô ŪšɆ b
j ȸ `= ĵȍ `ǽ ĵŲ Bź
h
h
h
h ğ
h
h
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û
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
j ğȍ‹ ȇbh ĵŶh žû ŰŠh jĬ‹ Ůj ŘŦ
ƅ Mĵ
= Ŵğ Ȳ
j Š ɧbh Mĵ
h ii ûh
h i k hh Ġ x h ûhh û k
h j Š ɻh Š ɔh ̧ `b
f û Ňh `ź
ŋŭŒȹ
Ǟ
ũŋj ŧļŲ BĵɅK=; Ŵj łŏɉ
j ‹Ʊ
j Ņ
mğ m i
h
h
i ğ ‹ _j h=
i Źğ Ūh ûů‹ ʼnji ńŠʆh ûů‹ Ĭ
ƅj? ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲ `bʼni ĸi šû ȩ ĵŲh ̨ Kĵ
h
i imh h h û i h m h i iû ğ h qm h û h
i ğ ^h Ōŵ
h = m ĵŲğ űȱ
ŴjŲ ĵŹh j ķ Ĭ‹
>ĵķA;b űļŵ= ĵŸźųļžųŎ ;ĵųŎ=
h
û
mğ l
h ğ h ğ ğ û iû
h h
ūj ɉŠə ôiaĵğŽj? ƅj? Abm ʼni ĸi šû ȩ ƅɁ ŋh Ɋh = jĬj ƅj? űi Ȳơ‹
`j j ? Ŵˏ g Šɽh ŰŎi
h
h h
û h ğ Šh h i k h û i k
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
̩ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ Mĵ
= ŴȲ
j ɧb űjžŪů‹ ŴŽjȐ‹
hğ h q û h i ğ h
h
m h
h i
h j Š ɻh Š ɔh
ĵŲ=b ðˊŋƨ ÿŷɅK ǐj ŏû hɀŦ ĵųh Ŭʼni ńh = ĵŲğ = Ŵj łû ŏɉ‹
jk Ʊ
j Ņ
û
h
i ûhh i h û ih i h
ğ Ůi ȱ
i û śů‹
iŋɊû Ɓû ‹ DŽ
h j iũ ĀjôŷŎj =Kğ ŴjŲ Ǟ
įļȯ ĶŰŕžȯ ŋŇ˖‹
in evident misguidance.” 31 So when she heard of
their gossipa, she sent for them and prepared for
them reclining cushionsb and brought each one of
them a knife, and she said, “Come out before them.”
So when they saw him, they marveled at him and
cut their hands and said, “God forbid! In no way is
this a human being; this is but a noble angel!” 32 She
said, “Here he is—the one you blamed me for, and
most surely I did seek to seduce him, but he
safeguarded (his chastity). Yet if he does not do what
I command him, he will most surely be imprisoned,
and he will most surely become one of the
dishonored.” 33 He said, “My Lord, prisonc is dearer
to me than what they call me to, and unless You
turn their plotting away from me, I might yield to
them and become one of the ignorant.” 34 Thereupon
his Lord responded to him and diverted their
plotting away from him; indeed, He is the AllHearing, the All-Knowing. 35 Then it occurred to
them, after they had seen the signs, to imprison him
for a while. 36 And two young men entered prison
with him. One of them said, “I see myself pressing
wine.” And the other said, “I see myself carrying
on my head bread from which the birds are eating.
Tell us their interpretation; we see that you are of
those who excel in doing good.” 37 He said, “No
food will be provided for you but I will have
informed you about their interpretation before it
comes to you. That is some of what my Lord has
taught me. Indeed, I have forsaken the creed of
people who do not believe in Allah, and regarding
the Hereafter they are deniers. 38 And I have
followed the creed of my forefathers, Abraham and
Isaac and Jacob. Never was it for us to associate
anything with Allah. That is of Allah’s grace upon
us and upon mankind, but the majority of mankind
does not give thanks. 39 O my fellow inmates, are
diverse lords better or Allah, the One, the Subduer?
You do not worship apart from Him except (mere)
40
names you have named, you and your forefathers,
for which Allah has sent down no manifestation.
Judgment belongs to none but Allah. He has
commanded that you worship none but Him; that is
the upright religion,
but the majority of mankind
does not know. 41 O my fellow inmates, as for one
Literally ‘scheming’.
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and prepared for them citrus fruits and brought each . . .”
Qc
Yaʻqub read it as: “My Lord, imprisonment is dearer to me than what they call me to . . .”
a
Qb
158
PART 12. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
ğ
ğ h h
h iğh h
h ûh ûh
ĵųh Źi Ŷjû Ųk Fĵ
p ŵ ÿŷŵɁ Ŵğ ŝ djȓj ɉ ^ĵũbh ̪ `ĵ
j žjļŧļŏȶ jŷžjȯ djȑ‹
û
ğ
h hh
h kh h
h hįhŦ ū
ûi û
Ǎj ĽjĸŰŦ ĀjŷjɅk Kh ŋh ŬjJ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ ŷi Š Ƌŏȸ
j ɅK ʼnŶjŠ Țj ŋŬJ‹
h k i hû h hh
û k
h ȿŎj şh Řû ķ Ŵł
m j j ? ūj Űųɉ‹ ^ĵũb ̫ ǻ
Š Kh = ƭ
şh ĸû Ŏh c
j
j
j j ŏɉ‹
û
hi i hû hh x h
f û h ğ i i i h ųjh Ŏ DŠɷh Ūh Ȩh
ĺ
g Š ʄĸ˪Ŏ şĸŎb [ĵłjŠ şĸŎ ŴŹŰȱįŽ `ĵ
p
p
h
h
i
i
û
h
û
h
h
h h h h h û i
i
h h Ġ Ģ ĺɹ
`j? żh Š ɔ;û Ki Ǎj Țź
ˌ p Š j ȵĵŽ ŋŇ=b Ǵ
j ļȯ= Ƃųɉ‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ
p Ň
h
h
h
h iiûh hû Ġ ûi i
i h û l i h
ûh
šȩ ĵŽ;ŋŰj ɉ űļŶŬ
Ŵi Ɨ ĵŲh bh ˌpˈŠʄńû = ĽŠʀŗ= Aźm ɉĵũ ̬ `bǚ
ûh
ğ h hh
ğ h h iû hh
h Šh û h û
h
hŋŬh I‹
Š
b ĵųŹŶjŲ ĵƑ djȑ‹ ^ĵũb ̭ ǻųj j Űɿjķ űj ʄńƁ‹ ŮɆ
j jbįļjķ
û
h
h
i
ú
i
h
i i i
h i i kh h ği h ûh
û
ťŎź
Ž ̮ `ź
j ŰjŎKįŦ ĀjŷjŰɆjbįļjķ űȲĴjȼŵɁ ĵŵɁ Ĺg Ų= ʼnšȨ
i ûh h
h û h i k k ĵŹh ȬĠ Ɂh
hhh û h
fşĸû Ŏh Ŵğ Źi iŰȱ
įŽ `ĵ
j
p Š ɷŪȨ jşĸŎ Ǎj ĵŶjļŦ= ŨŽjʼnŕɉ‹
p ųjŎ D
h
i
ğ
h
û i Š i i û hh x h
û m k šh ů ĺɹ
Š h j ȵĵhŽ ŋh Ňh =bh Ǵ
şi Ł
p
g ʄĸ˪Ŏ jşĸŎb [ĵłjŠ
j K= ǔ
j
p Ňĺ
h
ğ h
h
h i h ûh h
h h
h ȿŎj şh ĸû Ŏh `ź
j ğȍ‹ Ǔj?
ǻ
ŠKŌĻ ^ĵũ ̯ `źųi Űšû Ȭh űû Źi Űšh ů Mĵ
j
q h ğ
i Ŏi Ǎ ab
i i h h û Ġ h h h h qhh
ĵųjğ Ɋk Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? mĀjŷjŰĸ˪
j KŊŦ űȩʼnŕń ĵųȯ ĵķɁI
û i
û i û x
h i i ûh
h h
Ŵh ŰȱįhŽ IAʼnjh ő şx ĸû Ŏh ūj ɉŠə ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ƫj įhŽ űğ Ȫ ̰ `źŰȱįĻ
û i
q h ğ
h
h
h
ûi
Ŵü Ųj ƫj įhŽ űğ Ȫ ̱ `źŶi ŕj ƕ ĵųjğ Ɋk Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? Ŵğ Źi ɉ űû ļi Ųû ʼnğ ũ ĵŲh
i h
h i ûh
h h h û
i
̲ `bDz
j šȬ jŷžjȯbh Mĵğȍ‹ EĵŤȬi jŷžjȯ _x ȕ ūj ɉŠə ʼnj šȨh
iû i hû h hh
û h h i i ğ ihm h ğhh
şû Ł
j K‹ ^ĵũ ^źŎŋɉ‹ a;ĵŁ ĵųŰŦ Ājðŷjķ Țź
j ļȧ‹ ūj Űųɉ‹ ^ĵũb
h
h
û h h
h ğ
k i
ğ
`j? ôŴğ Źi Ȭjh ʼnûŽɁ Ŵh šû śğ Ȱ Ʋj Š ɧ‹ j Cźh ŏû j ȿů‹ ^ĵhķ ĵŲh ŷi ŰnZh ŏû Ŧ ūjɅk Kh ǓŠ j ?
h h
û
Ġ
kh
h
h
i
x ŰŠh Ŵjğ Ÿʼnj žû Ȳ
Ŵğ ȩIbh Š ɚh Jj? Ŵğ Ȳĸi śû Ň ĵŲh ^ĵũ ̳ űžj
j ķ ȗj K
h h
ûğ h h i i
ğ h h hûi
h
Ž
ŴŰũ Ājôŷ jŏŧȫ ŴŠ ťŎź
ŴjŲ jŷžû ŰŠ ĵŶh ųjû ŰŠ ĵŲh jĬj Պɖ
h
h
ú h Ġ hû
i =ŋh Ɋ‹
û ĺhůĵhũ ;źm Ŏi
h ŕû ńh Ŵh ˜ûů‹ ŌɆŌšh ûů‹ D
ĵŵɁ Ũơ‹ œh Ņ
j
ˏp
j j
h
h
û
ğ
ğ
Ġ
ğ
h
h
h Ȱʼnj Š ɻů‹
ūj ɉŠə ̴ ǻj
Ŵh ųj ɉ ÿŷi ŵ˯ Ājŷ jŏŧȫ ŴŠ ÿŷi ĻIbh Š ɚh
h hğ ğ hh ûhû iû i h ûh k h h h ûh
h
`=b Ķ
ʼnh žû Ŭ djʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ Ĭ‹
j žŤůĭjķ ŷŶŇ= űɉ ƭj Ɂ űŰšȎj
h
ûh i khi mhh
h m hû
h Ųğ Ɓh ōh ŧû ğȍ‹ `ğ ? ƿ
ü iCKĵ
m
j ˏ j ŧȫ @jŋķɁ ĵŲbø ̵ ǻj ŶjɋĵƢ‹
of you, he will give his lord wine to drink. And as
for the other, he will be crucified and the birds will
eat from his head. The matter you seek to be
elucidated has been settled.” 42 And he said to the
one he thought would be released, “Remember me
to your lord.” But Satan caused him to forget the
remembrance toa his lord, so he remained in prison
for several years. 43 Then the king said, “I see seven
fat cows being eaten by seven lean ones, and seven
green ears of corn and others dried up. O chiefs,
elucidate for me my vision, if you can explicate
visions.” 44 They said, “Jumbles of dreams, and we
know nothing of the interpretation of dreams.” 45
And he of the two who had been released and had
recollected after a long time said, “I will inform
you pl of its interpretation, so send me out.” 46
“Joseph, O you unwavering believer, elucidate for
us: seven fat cows being eaten by seven lean ones,
and seven green ears of corn and others dried up—
so that I may return to the people, that they may
know.” 47 He said, “You pl shall plant for seven
consecutive years; but whatever you harvest, leave
it in its ear, except for a little from which you eat. 48
Then after that will come seven hard ones
consuming what you have forwarded to them,
except for a little of what you have stored. 49 Then
after that comes a year during which people are
relieved and during which theyb pressc. 50 So the
king said, “Bring him to me.” But when the
messenger came to him, he said, “Go back to your
lord and ask him, ‘What about the women who cut
their hands?’ Surely, my Lord is All-Knowing of
their plotting.” 51 He said, “What happened with
youd when you sought to seduce Joseph?” They
said, “God forbid! We knew of no evil committed
by him.” The mighty governor’s wife said, “Now
the truth has come to light. It was I who sought to
seduce him, and he is most surely one of the
truthful.” 52 “That is so he may know that I did not
betray him in his absence, for surely Allah does not
guide the plotting of the betrayers.e 53Yet I do not
consider my (inner) self blameless. Most surely, the
The Arabic text can also be translated as: “But Satan caused him to forget the remembrance of his Lord”, meaning that
Yûsuf forgot to say “God willing”.
Qb
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . during which you press.”
c
Press the land’s produce for wine and oil.
d
The Arabic wording indicates that these words are directed at a group of women.
e
Linguistically, this whole statement can be understood as the words of Yûsuf about his master or the words of the woman
about Yûsuf.
a
159
PART 13. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
h h
kh h h h ğ m Ġ
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh ȗk Kh `ğ ? ˏ ȗ
^ĵũbh ̶ űžj
j m j K űjńK ĵŲ ƅj? ;j źŏɉĭjķ
j
ğh hh
h h
û
û h
iû i hû
^ĵũ ÿŷi ųh ǿ ĵųğ ŰŦ ˌƿj ŧh jȍ ŷi ŕjû Űňļh Ŏû = mĀjŷjķ Țź
j ļȧ‹ ūj Űųɉ‹
m h Šh h û h û h h
h ğ
x Ųh= ǻj
f ŭŲh ĵŶh Ȭû Ȑh h _h źû hȎ‹û ū
Ŵj j ɋAŌh Ň ȇ
ƴj ŰšŁ‹ ^ĵũ ̷ ǻj
ŵj?
h
û
h i i ğ ğ h h Šh h h
f h k
x ŰŠh Ŝž
Ǎj ťŎź
Ȏj ĵŶŭŲ ūj ɉɶȡb ̸ űžj
jŧń ƭj j ? P˱
ˌ j Ɓ‹
hû
m hğ
i û h h û iğhhh
h û ŋh ķ Ķž
i ŕj iŵ ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ Ľ
j
;ð i ĵŒȸ ŴŲh ĵŶh j ļƧ
ž
ń
ĵ
Ź
Ŷj
Ų
=
ź
ĸ
Ƚ
Ž
P˱
Ɓ‹
ô
j
h
h
i h
û ųi û ɉ‹ ŋh Łû = şž
h ȿ jŏŅ
xǞû Ňh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ ŋi Łû Ɓh bh ̹ ǻ
i Ř
j
j ŵ ƅbh
h i i ih û hm h h
h i l i h l
h ȓjğ ků
ťŎź
Ž CźŇj? ;ĵŁb ̺ `źŪļğ Ȭh AźŵȢbh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h i
h
h h hh l i h h
h
ĵųğ ɉbh ̻ `bŋji ŭŶŲi ÿȔi űû Ÿbh űû Źi ȯŋh šh ȯ jŷžû ŰŠ AźŰŇʼnh Ŧ
hh i h
i ğ h
iû h h û hh ih ğ h
ƅɁ űô û ȲžjȨ= Ŵjû Ųk űȲů pHįjķ Țź
j ļȧ‹ ^ĵũ űjŸjLĵŹƎj űŸŌŹŁ
i kh h û h
ğ h
h û
h ůǣųi û ɉ‹ Ǟ
i û Ňh ú ĵhŵɁh bh Ůh žû ŭ
h
m
ů‹
ȝb
űû ů `jıŦ ̼ ǻj
j
j = ƭj Ɂ `bŋĻ
l i h
iûh
ihûh hh
û i h hûh hh
Aźɉĵũ ̽ `ź
j ɅŋŪȩ ƅb djʼnŶjŠ űȲů ŮžŬ ƆŦ Ājŷjķ Țź
j ĻɂĻ
h
l ih û
h
h
i
h
h ğ
h
h i
AźŰšŁ‹ jŷjŶŠɱh ļû jŧjů ^ĵũbh ̾ `źŰjšŠʁů ĵŵ˯ iaĵhķɁ ŷi Ŷû ȭ IjbŠɷh Ŷi Ŏh
h l h h h mhh i ûh û iğhh û h
h
Ģ j ? Aźm ĸi ŰŪŵ‹
Ǔ
AJj? ĵŹȫźŦŋj šȬ űŹŰšů űŹj j ɉĵńjK Ǎj űû Źi ļh šh Š ɼjķ
l i h û h h lm i h h ğ hh
h i ûh û iğhh û ûh
Ģ j ? AźšŁK ĵųŰŦ ̿ `ź
šŁ
Aźɉĵũ űŹj žjȨ= Ǔ
j ŋŽ űŹŰšů űŹj j ŰŸ=
h
h
û h i h û
ğ û û h h h m
h hĢh
ĵŵ˯ Ůļh Ȳŵ ĵŵĵŇ= ĵŶh šh Ųh ŮjŎKû įŦ Ůžû ŭů‹ ĵŶjğ Ų şjh ŶŲi ĵŵĵhķɂʑ
m h h ğ ûh h û i ih h û h h h
h i h h ih
ů ÿȔ
ĵųŬ ƅj? jŷžŰŠ űȲŶŲA; ŮŸ ^ĵũ ̀ `źŞjŧŠɳ
h
q h fû h iğ h iûh
i
i i h
Ģ h h űû Ȳ
źh Ÿbh ðĵŞjŧŠɖ
ǞŇ ĬĭŦ ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ jŷžjŇ= ȇ
ļŶjŲ=
h l
h l i hh ğhh
ğ űi ńh Kû h=
h Ƨj Š ɷů‹
űû Źi ļh šh Š ɼjķ Abʼni Łh bh űû Źi šh ŠɮŲh AźŅ
ļȯ ĵųɉb ́ ǻj
h
h hĢh l i h û ûh û ğ i
h
û ğ
h
Aźɉĵũ ðűŹj Ȏj? DIK
DIKi ĵŶh ļi šh Š ɼjķ Āj aŊj Šɪ ˌnjj ĸû ȫ ĵŲh ĵŵĵhķɂʑ
h
h h
i h û h h h h i h û h h h h û h i h h ðĵh û h
hķ Ůh žû Ŭh IA
ūj ɉŠə ˌǞ
š
IŌŵb ĵŵĵŇ= ŜŧƗb ĵŶŰŸ= Ǟųj ŵb ŶȎj?
j
p
i ûi Šğ h û i h h ih ûi û h h h
x h xûh
`ź
j ĻİĻ Ʋń űȲšŲ ÿŷŰjŎK= Ŵů ^ĵũ ͂ Ǟjŏȹ ŮžŬ
mğhh û i
h hƘi `h= mƅğ ? mĀjŷķ ƴȿğ iĻɂû ȋh h jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ĵŪjq ľźû Ɋh
ĵųŰŦ ðűȲjķ Qĵ
j j j
h
i
x
h
i ğ ^ĵh hũ űû Źi Ūjh ľźû Ɋh ai źû hĻA;h
Š h h Ĭ‹
ğ ĸh Š ɔh ^ĵũbh ̓ Ůžj ȡbh ^źŪi ȫh ĵŲh ȇ
ƴ
j
self commands to evil, except those upon whom my
Lord has bestowed mercy; indeed, my Lord is OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy.” 54 So the king said,
“Bring him to me so that I can reserve him for
myself.” And when he spoke to him, he said,
“Surely, today you are—with us—established,
trustworthy.” 55 He said, “Put me in charge of the
storehouses of the land; I am indeed a knowledgeable
constant preserver.” 56 And thus We established
Joseph in the land to live therein wherever hea so
willed. We reachb with Our mercy whomever We
will, and We never waste the reward of those who
excel in doing good. 57 But the reward of the
Hereafter is better for those who attained faith and
used to be mindful (of God). 58 And Joseph’s brothers
came and presented themselves before him, so he
recognized them, but they did not recognize him.
Then when he had supplied them with their
59
supplies, he said, “Bring me a brother of yours from
your father. Do you not see that I fill up the measure,
and I am the best of hosts? 60 But if you do not bring
him to me, you will have no (more) measure with me,
and you will not come near me (again).” 61 They said,
“We will solicit his father for him, and we are sure
to do so.” 62 So he said to his young assistantsc, “Put
their goods in their saddlebags; perhaps they will
recognize them when they return to their families
so that they may come back.” 63 So when they
returned to their father, they said, “O our father, we
were denied measure, so send our brother with us
so that wed can obtain measure, and we are most
surely his preservers.” 64 He said, “Am I to entrust
him to you as I entrusted his brother to you before?
Allah is a Better Preservere, and He is the Most
Merciful of the merciful ones.” 65 And when they
opened their baggage they found that their goods
had been returned to them. They said, “O father,
what more could we want? Here are our goods,
returned to us; we will provide for our family and
preserve our brother and have an additional camelload; that is an easy measure (to obtain).” 66 He said,
“I will not send him with you unless you give me a
binding pledge before Allah that you will most
surely bring him
back to me, unless you get
Ibn Kathir read it as: “. . . wherever We so willed.”
Literally ‘We strike with our mercy . . .’
Qc
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . to his few young assistants . . .”
Qd
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . so that he can obtain measure . . .”
Qe
Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Allah is Better in preservation . . .”
Qa
b
160
PART 13. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
l i i ûh h
h h Ġ Šhû h û l i i û h
h
ˌĹp ũŋj k ŧļh Ų B
j Š ɩh Bĵ
p ʆķɁ ŴjŲ AźŰŇI‹b ʼnp ń
p ķ Ŵü Ųj AźŰŇʼnĻ ƅ
ğ ğ û iû
i h û imhh
û h ŴjŲ jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űȲŶ
`j j ? ˌ;g ƾ
Š ƴj ţ= ĵŲb
ðjĬj ƅj? űi Ȳơ‹
l i h h ğhh
h ik û ğhhhûh ûh h h i ûğhh ûh h
AźŰŇI ĵųɉb ̈́ `źȣj źh ļh ųi ɉ‹ Ȥ
j źļžŰŦ jŷžŰŠb ðĺȣźĻ jŷžŰŠ
h û h h
ğ
i h i h i
ŴjŲ jĬ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űŹi Ŷû ȭ ƴj ŤȬi `ǽ ĵŲğ űŸźiķɁ űû Ÿŋh Ɋh = Ľžû ńh Ŵjû Ų
û
ih ğ
ûh qh h ğ û h
h h h iûh
ˈp ŰjŠ bȑ ÿŷi ŵ˯ ô ĵŹh Š ƋŘũ Bź
ŪšȬ ōj ŧȫ Ǎj ĹŁĵ
ń ƅj? ;g ƾ
h
h
h
h
h h
û
h ğh k
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
ĵųğ ɉbh ͅ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ Mĵ
= Ŵğ Ȳ
j Š ɧbh ŷi Šɰųû ŰŠ ĵųjh ɉ
h
h]źŇi h= ú ĵhŵɁh ƭ
i iŽ ȇ
m k j j ? ^ĵh hũ ðaĵi Ňh = jŷûȎh j ? c
Ģ bAh ;h ťh Ŏź
Š h h l AźiŰŇh Ih
l i h
hh
h i
h hh
i
űjû ŸjLĵŹh hƎj űŸŌh Źğ Łh ĵųğ ŰŦ ͆ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵųh j ķ ōû j Ɍļh ûȼĻ ƆŦ
h
i jšûů‹ ĵŹh ļi Ȭğ Ɂh `jf Jk İh Ɋi `h Jğ h= űğ Ȫi jŷžjŇh= Ůńû Kh Ǎ Ĺh hŽĵŪh ŏɉ‹
Ǟ
j k Ůšh Łh
j
j
h h l i ûh l i h
ûh h
h
h i Šh h û i ğ
`bʼni jŪŧȩ AJĵŲğ űŹj žû ŰŠ AźŰĸh Ȱ=bh Aźɉĵũ ͇ `źũŋj ɹ
ů űȲŵj?
û
m
h h i i ûh l i h
ûj
hķ Ůi Ƨ
h ɉ‹ SA
h ĵŁh Ŵųjh ɉbh ūj
Āj
ŷ
ķ
;
Ű
ų
źŔ ʼnjŪŧȫ Aźɉĵũ ͈
Ǟ
š
j
j
j
p
l
h
i
úhhh
h
ğ iû h û h ğ h
x h
ĵŶh Ĵû Ł
j ĵŲ űļųj ŰŠ ʼnŪů jĬĭĻ Aźɉĵũ ͉ űžjȭL Ājŷjķ ĵŵɁb
hû
û
i hh hh l i h
h Ȱŋɜ
Šj h ĵŶğ Ŭi ĵŲh bh P˱
Ģ Ł ĵųȯ Aźɉĵũ ͊ ǻj
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ʼnh jŏŧi jȍ
ÿm ai >ʵ
h ûi i
h ȨjŊŠɦ
i h i i Ģ h Łh l Aźiɉĵhũ ͋ ǻ
ĀjŷjŰńû Kh Ǎj ʼnh Ł
űļŶŬ `j?
j b ŴŲ ÿa>ʵ
j
h
h
h
h
ğ
û h h h i Ģh h h i h
h ųjۊɾů‹
űû Źj j ļžjh ȭbû įjķ =ʼnh ĸh ȯ ͌ ǻ
dŌj Ƒ ūj ɉŠɶŬ ÿô ia>ʵ
Ł źŹȯ
j
h
h
m
m
h h
û û ği
h h h
űȪ jŷžjŇ= j;ȕh jb Ůĸû Ȱ
ūj ɉŠɶŬ jŷˏ žjŇ= j;ȕh jb ŴjŲ ĵŹh Łh ŋh ňļh Ŏ‹
û
h mğ
û
i Ȏi j ĵhŵʼnjû Ŭ
iaĵŇh h= Ŋh Ňi įhȎj `h ǽh ĵŲh ťh Ŏź
`= ƅj? ūj
I
Ǎ
j Űųh ɉ‹ ŴŽj
j
ð
j
û
ki h ûhh im hğ ğ Šh hh i hûh iğ hm hh
ˈg ŰjŠ djJ ȁ
p ɕKI şȯŋŵ ôĬ‹ ;ĵŒȹ
j \źŦb ñ ;ĵŒȸ ŴŲ ĺ
h
iûh
x ŰŠh
i ğ x h h h û h h û û h ȹ `? l Aźm i ɉĵhũø ͍ űžj
j
ô ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ ÿȔ H= \Ǧ ʼnŪȯ \Ǫ
j
ûh
xk h û i h h h û i h h û i û h h
i i i h ğ hhh
Ǩ
űļŵ= ^ĵũ űô Źɉ ĵŸjʼnĸȬ űɉb Ājŷ jŏŧȫ Ǎj ťŎź
Ž ĵŸǦįŦ
h
h
h û iğ h q h ğ
ğ i hû hĠ Ģh l i h
h i h
`j? ŌɆ
Ōj šů‹ ĵŹȬɂʑ Aźɉĵũ ͎ `źŧŕj Ļ ĵųh j ķ űi ŰŠ= Ĭ
‹b ðĵȫǾŲ
h
û i h q h q û h qh m ih
h h ğ h h h
Ŵjh Ų ūŠƊŋh ŵ ĵŵj? ÿm ð ŷi ŵǾŲh ĵŵʼnh ńh = ŊňŦ ˊǞ
j ĸŬ ĵňžő ĵķɁ ÿȔ
û
h
ğ h i ğ
h h
h
ğ h
û ųi û ɉ‹
h ȿ jŏŅ
ĵŵʼnû Łh bh ŴŲh ƅj? ŊŇįŵ `= jĬ‹ Jĵšh Ųh ^ĵũ ͏ ǻ
j
trapped.” So when they gave him their binding
pledge, he said, “Allah is the Ultimate Trustee over
what we say.” 67 And he said, “O my children, do
not enter through one gate, but enter through
different gates, though I cannot avail you anything
against Allah; judgment belongs to none but Allah;
in Him I have placed my trust, and in Him let those
who seek to trust place their trust.” 68 And when
they entered as their father had commanded them,
it did not avail them anything against Allah; it was
just a need in Jacob’s (inner) self, which he fulfilled.
And he is most surely a person of knowledge
inasmuch as We have taught him, but the majority
of mankind does not know. 69 And when they
presented themselves before Joseph, he drew his
brother close to him. He said, “Indeed it is I—I am
your brother, so do not be saddened by what they
used to do.” 70 Then, when he had supplied them
with their supplies, he placed the drinking-cup in
his brother’s saddlebag. Then an announcer called
out, “O caravana, most surely you are thieves.” 71
They said as they came towards them, “What are
you missing?” 72 They said, “We are missing the
king’s goblet. And whoever comes up with it will
have a camel-load, and Ib guarantee it.” 73 They said,
“(We swear) by Allah, youpl have most surely known
that we did not come to spread corruption in the
land, and never have we been thieves.” 74 They said,
“What shall be his repayment, if youpl are lying?”
They said, “The repayment should be that he in
75
whose saddlebag it is found, he himself is the
repaymentc. Thus we repay the unjust ones.” 76 So
he began with their bags before his brother’s bag,
then he extracted it from his brother’s bag. Thus We
plotted for Joseph; he could not have seized his
brother according to the king’s religiond unless
Allah wills. We elevate by degreese whomever We
so will. For above everyone who has knowledge,
there is One who is All-Knowing. 77 They said, “If
he steals, well, actually a brother of his has stolen
before.” But Joseph kept it secret within himself and
did not reveal it to them. He said (to himself), “Youpl
are in a worse situation, and Allah knows better of
A metaphor for the people of the caravan.
A grammatical shift from plural to singular.
c
That he becomes enslaved.
d
The Arabic word used is deen which means ‘a way of life’, ‘religion’ or ‘recompense’.
Qe
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “We elevate the degrees (ranks) of whomever . . .”
Yaʻqub read it as: “He elevates the degrees (ranks) of whomever . . .”
a
b
161
PART 13. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
l
h û ğhh
ŷi Ŷjû Ų Aźŏi nZh žû ȽŎ‹
ĵųŰŦ ͐
h
h
h i
ğ l h h
ʼnû ũ űû ȱĵhķɁ `= Aźm ųi Űšû ȩ
h
hğ q mğ h
h
`źųji ۊɾů AJj? ĵȫj? ÿm iaʼnŶj
Š ĵŶh šh ŠɮŲh
h h i i h h h kq h l i h h
űû ɉɁ űû ŸǞ
j ĸŬ ^ĵũ ðĵžƑ
j AźŕŰŇ
i ûh h h h h
i ŋğ hŦ ĵŲh Ůi ĸû Ȱh ŴjŲbh jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk ĵŪjq ľźû Ųğ űȲ
Ǎj űû ļŚ
žŰŠ ŊŇ=
û
h
h
h
h
h û h hû û hh h i i
i ûh
m h h h Š ğ ńh P˱
m =Ǔ
Ɓ‹ GŋķɁ ŴŰŦ ðťŎźŽ
űh ȲƘ bû = ƪ
j j `JįŽ Ʋ
h
h l
i
h ûů‹ Ǟ
h j Šɳ
û
i û Ňh źh Ÿi bh Ǔ Ĭ‹
iğ
Ģ j ? Aźm ši Ł
űû ȲžjȨ= Ǔ
ˌj
j K‹ ͑ ǻųj ŭ
ğ mh h
h h h h hû ğ mh hhĢh l i ih
h
ĵŶh ųjû ŰŠ ĵųh j ķ ƅj? ĵŵʼnû Źj ő ĵŲh bh \Ǧ
ūŶȨ‹ `j? ĵŵĵķɂʑ AźɉźŪȯ
ğ h hû
i
h Ķžû Ťh ûŰj ɉ ĵŶğ Ŭi ĵŲh bh
h ŞŧŠɖ
ĵŶğ Ŭ Ʋj ů‹ ĹɆh ŋû Ūů‹ Ůj nZh Ŏû bh ͒ ǻ
j j
j
h
û
h
ûh h h
û
h i h ğ h h h m ğ h û h h
Ůķ ^ĵũ ͓ `źũjʼnŠɻů ĵŵ˯ ðĵŹžj
ȯ ĵŶŰĸȰ= Ʋj ů‹ Ǟjšů‹b ĵŹžjȯ
h iğ
h i
h
i h i h û hğ h
h f h
`= Ĭ‹ ƿh Š ð ŮžjƦ xǚû ŕh Ŧ ðˊŋq Ɋû = űû Ȳŏi ŧŵ= űû Ȳů ĺ
ůźŎ
û
ğhhh
û
e Ʀh űû Źķ ƴhɀj ĻûįhŽ
i ŭơ‹
i Űšh ů‹ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ? ô ĵšžj
h űžj
ȠŠ źĻb ͔ űžj
j
jj j
h
h
h
h û ğ hû h h i i Š h Šh h Ģh hh û iûh
Ŵjh Ų iaĵŶh žû ȭ ĺ
ŘžȨ‹b ťŎźŽ ȇ ǏŎįʑ ^ĵũb űŹŶȭ
û
i
h i i i ûh lihûh ğ h l i h
x Şj Ŭh źh Źi ȯh `Ōû ơ‹
ťŎź
Ž ŋŬŊĻ Aİļŧȩ jĬĭĻ Aźɉĵũ ͕ űž
j i
h h
h i h ûh e h h h i h Šğ h
h ŭjۊʇh ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų `ź
^ĵũ ͖ ǻj
ȲĻ b= ĵŗŋń `źȲĻ Ʋń
h h ğ h i h û hh ğ h m û i h k h l i û h m h ğ
ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ ŴjŲ űŰŠ=b jĬ‹ Ǔj? Țj Ōńb Ƴj Ȩ Aźŭő= ĵųȫj?
h h i i
l
û ğ hŠh
h h h
h ļh ȯh l Aźĸi Ÿh J‹
jŷžjŇ=bh ťŎź
Ž ŴjŲ Aźŏi ŏğ Ņ
ƴj ĸɔ ͗ `źųi Űšû ȩ
l h ğ ğ
l
lh h
ğ
jĬ‹ Gj bû Kğ ŴjŲ ōi nZh ûŽĵhŽ ƅ ÿŷi ŵj? ðjĬ‹ Gj bû Kğ ŴjŲ Aźŏi nZh ûŽĵĻ ƅbh
h h l i h ûh h l i h h ğhh
h i Šh û iû hû ğ
Ģ Aźɉĵũ jŷžŰŠ AźŰŇI ĵųŰŦ ͘ `b
ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ŋjŧʃů‹ _źŪů‹ ƅj?
h
hû h h û Ġ h h
h Ǵɉ‹
Ġ Ġ ĵŶh hŰŸû =bh ĵŶh ŏğ Ɋh ŌɆ
i Ōšh ûů‹
b
[j bįŦ pŊƋŁŌŲ pĹšŠɼjĸjķ ĵŶh Ĵû Ł
j
j
û
û
h
m
h
h
h
û
ğ
h
ğ
h Ȱʼnj k ŕh ļh ųi ɉ‹ dŌûƒ Ĭ‹
h `? ð ĵŶh žû ŰŠh \ʼnğ ŕh Ļbh Ůžû ŭů‹ ĵhȍh
͙ ǻj
j
j
h
h
û
h
i = J? jŷžjŇ=bh ťŎź
i ži Ȩ űļi ûŰšh ȯh ĵŲğ űļi ųjû ŰŠh Ůû Ÿh ^ĵh hũ
űû ļŵ
j
j
i i i úhh h h i i i h h h h ğ h lmi h
h i
ťŎźŽ ĵŵɁ ^ĵũ ðťŎźŽ ĺŵƁ ūŵj;= Aźɉĵũ ͚ `źŰŹj Š ɕh
ğ h û û h h ğ h h i ğ m hûh h iğ ğ h û h h m h Šh h
`jıŦ ǚ
j ŕɆb Ũj ļȬ ŴŲ ÿŷŵj? ð ĵŶžŰŠ Ĭ‹ ŴŲ ʼnũ ˌƹj = AŊɪb
û h û h i i h hğ
ğ h l i h
h]ŋh hľA;h ʼnû Ūh hů jĬĭ
û
h
i
Ļ Aźɉĵũ ͛ ǻjȿ jŏŅųɉ‹ ŋŁ= şžŘ
j Ž ƅ Ĭ‹
what you describe.” 78 They said, “O mighty
governor, he has a father (who is) a very old man, so
take one of us in his place; we see that you are of
those who excel in doing good.” 79 He said, “God is
my refuge! Were we to take anyone except him in
whose possession we found our property, we would
then most surely be unjust.” 80 So when they
completely despaired of him, they conferred
privately. Their eldest said, “Do youpl not know that
your father took a binding pledge from you before
Allah, and in the past you failed with regard to
Joseph? Therefore, I will not leave this land until
my father permits me or Allah judges for me, for
He is the Best of judges. 81 Go back to your pl father
and say, ‘Our father, your son has indeed stolen.
And we did not testify (about the punishment of stealing)
except according to what we have learned, and we
could not have preserved (him) against what is
hidden.’ 82 And ask the town where we were and the
caravan in which we came, for indeed, we are
truthful.” 83 He said, “Rather, your (inner) selves
prompted you (to do) something, so beautiful patience
(is most fitting for me); hopefully Allah will bring them
all back to me. Indeed, He is the All-Knowing, the AllWise.” 84 And he turned away from them and said,
“Alas for Joseph!” And his eyes turned white from
grief and he suppressed his anguish. 85 They said,
“(We swear) by Allah, you will continue remembering
Joseph until you become totally drained or become
of those annihilated.” 86 He said, “Indeed, I only
complain of my anguish and grief to Allah, and I
know from Allah what you do not know.” 87 “O my
children, go and ask around about Joseph and his
brother and do not despair of Allah’s leniency, for
certainly none despair of Allah’s leniency except
the denying people.” 88 Then when they presented
themselves before him, they said, “O mighty
governor, harm has touched us and our family and
we have brought scant merchandise, but give us full
measure and be charitable towards us; indeed,
Allah rewards the charitable ones.” 89 He said, “Do
you know what you did with Joseph and his brother
when you were ignorant?” 90 They said, “Can it be
Joseph?a” He said, “I am Joseph,
that you really are
and this is my brother. Allah has certainly been
gracious to us; indeed, whoever is mindful (of God)
and endures patiently—indeed, Allah never wastes
Qa
Ibn Kathir and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “They said, ‘You really are Joseph!’”
162
PART 13. JOSEPH
Surah 12- Yûsuf
h h ği
hûh h iğ
h nZśŠɴ
h ǜû ȩh ƅh ^ĵh hũ ͜ ǻ
ĶɆ
j j ů ĵŶŬ `˯ ĵŶžŰŠ Ĭ‹
j
i h iğ i û h h ûhû i i ûh h
ğ űi ńh Kû h= źh Ÿi bh űû Ȳ
h Ƨj Š ɷů‹
͝ ǻj
ŋjŧŤȬ ð _źȎ‹ űȲžŰŠ
ð ů Ĭ‹
û
h
h
û
û Š h h iaźŪi ûůɂhŦ AŊh Šɪh ǃžųŪh ķ l Aźĸi Ÿh J‹
q ŕj hķ D
ˊǞ
j įhŽ ƪj = jŷŁbh ȇ
j j j
h h i û
h h h h
iûh
h hûh i ûh
^ĵũ Ǟ
jšů‹ ĺ
j ŰŕŦ ĵųğ ɉbh ͞ ǻjšƦ= űû Ȳj ŰŸįjķ Țź
j ĻɁb
h
h
l i h
i ih
i Ŷk ŧh ȩi `= mƅh źû h ɉ ťh Ŏź
h K ʼni ŁƁh ƭk ? űû Ÿź
i iŽ ŃɆ
Aźɉĵũ ͟ `b
ʼnj
ķɁ
jj
j
ð
j j
h
h h ğ ğ h
hû h h h
i jŒhȼûů‹ ;h m ĵŁh `= m ĵųğ hŰhŦ ͠ űŽj
Ǟ
j ʼnŪů‹ ūj ۊʄŗ Ǐj ů ūŵj? jĬĭĻ
hh iŠ hûh
i ğ ih ûhh h h q h ğhû h
û
h
mƭk j j ? űû Ȳ
Š
ů Ůũ= űɉɁ ^ĵũ ðˊǞŕj ķ ʼnĻKĭŦ ĀjŷŹj Łb ȇ ŷƋŪůɁ
hh û û h û h h h h l i h
h ihûh h h ğ h ihû h
Ģ
ĵȍ ŋjŧŤļŎ‹ ĵŵĵķɂʑ Aźɉĵũ ͡ `źųŰšȩ ƅ ĵŲ jĬ‹ ŴjŲ űŰŠ=
i h i ûh ûh hû h h h
h nZśŠɗh ĵŶğ Ŭi ĵğŵ? m ĵŶh Ʌź
h iŵJi
m k Kh űû Ȳ
ǻ
͢
ů
ŋ
ŧ
Ť
ļ
Ŏ
=
[
ź
Ŏ
^ĵ
ũ
j
jj
ˌȗ
j
j
h i i Šh h l i h h ğ h h
i ŧi Ťh ûů‹ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ?
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ Kź
ťŎź
Ž ȇ AźŰŇI ĵųŰŦ ͣ űžj
j
h
l
h
h
i
m
h
û
h ŶŲj A;h Ĭ‹
i ğ ;h ĵőh `? Dzj
h û Ɋ AźŰŇi I‹
Ģ bAh ;h
^ĵũbh jŷɆû źh hķɁ jŷûȎj? c
ǻj
j
h h
h l h
û hh
h h q
^ĵũbh ðˑʼnłğ Ŏi ÿȔi AbŋĠ Ňbh Nj ŋû šh ů‹ ȇ jŷɆû źh hķɁ şh ȯKh bh ͤ
h
h i h
kq k
h i ûh h h hhĢh
ðĵŪńh ȗj Kh ĵŹh Űšh Łh ʼnû ũ Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ żh Š ɔ;û Ki ŮɆjbįĻ AŊŠɪ ĺ
j ķɂʑ
h
m
û û m h h û h ûhh
i
û ŏɉ‹
Ŵjh Ųk űȲjķ ;h ĵŁh bh Ŵj ł
j k Ŵjh Ų ƴj Łh ŋh Ň= Jj? ƪ
j Ŵŏń= ʼnũb
h
h
ğ m h û hûhh ûh i Š hû ğ
h ğŵ `= ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj bʼnû hȊ‹û
T
Ō
`j? ˏ Ș
ź
Ň
?
ǻ
Ʌ
b
ƴ
ɀ
ķ
Ŵ
ɽ
ž
Œɉ‹
j
j
j
j
û
û
k
h kh
m
x
ğ
h
i
h
h
k h
h
i h i
h i i
B
j Kø ͥ űžjŭơ‹ űžj Űšů‹ źŸ ÿŷŵj? ô ;ĵŒȹ ĵųj ɉ ťžśj ů ȗj K
ûh
h û ğ h h ûŰųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ƴļh ûɀhĻA;h ʼnû hũ
hhû
ĽŽj
b
j
ˏ j IĵńƁ‹ ŮɆ
j
j j įĻ ŴjŲ ƴj ļųŰŠb ū
h
h
û
û
h h ğ ŋjh ŚĵhŦ
h h
h h Ġ
j Ɓ‹bh D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˌjCŋjh Ň˖‹b ĵžȫȐ‹ Ǎj ĀȠ
j k j b ĺŵ= P˱
m h h û h Šh
ğ h
û û h
ğ
h Ņjۊɻůĭ
j;ĵĸ˩
= ŴjŲ ūj ɉə ͦ ǻ
ķj ƴj Ūj ơɁbh ĵųjq Űŏû Ɋi ƴj Ŧźh Ļ
j
i ûhû
i h l hû h û û û hh h i h h h ûh
űû Ÿŋh Ɋû = Aźm ši Ʀ
= Jj? űŹj ŽȐ ĺŶŬ ĵŲb ðūȎj? jŷžjńźŵ Ķ
j žŤů‹
h
m
h i
û
i
h Ŕû ŋh ńh źû h ɉbh Mĵ
ihȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
ĺ
= ĵŲh bh ͧ `bŋi ŭųû Ȭh űû Ÿbh
h
û ğ i û
hh i h
h ŶŲj İû ųi ķ
ŋx ŬjJ ƅj? źh Ÿ `j? ˏŋg Łû = Ŵjû Ų jŷžû ŰŠ űû Źi ŰnZh ŏû ȶ ĵŲh bh ͨ ǻj
j
h
hû h
û
h
h
h ųۊɿh Űj ků
h h ğ Ǎ ĹhŽA;h Ŵjû Ųk ŴkŽɂȡbh ͩ ǻ
j Ɓ‹b D
P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j p
j
the reward of those who excel in doing good.” 91
They said, “(We swear) by Allah, Allah has certainly
preferred you over us, and we were definitely
wrongdoers.” 92 He said, “There is no blame on
youpl today; may Allah forgive you, for He is the
Most Merciful of the merciful ones. 93 Take this
shirt of mine and cast it over my father’s face (and)
he will recover his sight. And bring your whole
family to me.” 94 And as soon as the caravan
departed, their father said, “I sense the scent of
Joseph, though you may deem me senile.” 95 They
said, “(We swear) by Allah, yousg are surely in your
old misguidance.” 96 So when the herald of glad
tidings arrived, he cast it over his face and he
regained his sight. He said, “Did I not say to youpl,
‘Indeed, I know from Allah what you know not.’”?
They said, “O father, pray for the forgiveness of
97
our misdeeds; we were indeed wrongdoers.” 98 He
said, “I will ask my Lord to forgive you; indeed, He
is the Oft-Forgiving, the Bestower of mercy.” 99 So
when they presented themselves before Joseph, he
drew his parents close to him and said, “Enter
Egypt all of you, Allah willing, feeling secure.” 100
And he raised his parents on the throne, and they
(all) fell prostrate before him, and he said, “O father,
this is the interpretation of my vision of long ago.
My Lord has certainly made it come true, and He
was certainly charitable to me when He brought me
out of prison and brought youpl from the nomadic
life after Satan had sown discord between me and
my brothers. Indeed, my Lord is Subtle in fulfilling
whatever He wills; indeed, He is the All-Knowing,
the All-Wise.” 101 “My Lord, You have surely
brought me of kingshipa and have taught me of the
interpretation of dreams. Initiator of the heavens
and the earth—You are my Ultimate Guardian in
the Earlier (Life) and the Hereafter; take me back at
death as a Muslim and join me with the righteous.”
That is of the stories of the hidden realm which
102
We reveal to you, for you were not with them when
they agreed together upon their affair as they were
scheming. 103 And most mankind will not believe,
no matter how keen yousg are, 104 though you ask
them no reward for it. It is only a reminder for all
realms. 105 And how many a sign in the heavens and
the earth do they pass by while they disregard
them? 106 And most of them do not believe in Allah
a
The Arabic word used is mulk which means ‘kingship’, ‘authority’ or ‘dominion’.
163
PART 13. THUNDER
Surah 13- Ar-Ra‘d
unless they associate (others with Allah). 107 Do they feel
secure that an overwhelming event of Allah’s
punishment will not come upon them, or that the
Hour will not come upon them suddenly while they
are unaware? 108 Saysg, “This is my way; I call to
Allah with insight—I and whoever has followed me.
And Highly Exalted be Allah, and I am not of those
who associate (others with Allah).” 109 And in no way did
We send (any messengers) before yousg except men to
whom We reveala, from among the people of the
towns. Have they not journeyed through the earth
and looked at what the outcome was for those before
them? The Home of the Hereafter is surely better for
those who have been mindful (of God). Do youpl not
reason b? 110 Until, when the messengers had
completely despaired and thought that they had been
lied toc (by their own selves), Our support came to them.
Then whomever We willed was deliveredd, and Our
chastisement is never turned back from the criminal
people. 111 Most surely, in their narrative there has
been a lesson for people of understanding. This was
not a fabricated tale, but a confirmation of what came
before it and a detailed explanation of everything and
guidance and mercy for people who believe.
hh h
h i
û
h i
Ŵji ŲİiŽ ĵŲh bh ͪ `źŗŋj šû Ųi ĵŹh Ŷû ȭ űû Ÿbh ĵŹh žû ŰŠ `bŋĠ ųi Ȭh
ûh h l hhh
h i û Ġ ih ğ ğ
i ih û h
űû Źi žjh ȩįĻ `= Aźm Ŷji ŲįŦ= ͫ `źȡǬ
Ų
ű
Ÿ
b
ƅ
?
Ĭĭ
ķ
ű
Ÿ
j
j
j ǜȱ=
j
û
h
h i q û ih ğ i ih h û ğ
h h û k x h h
ƅ űû Ÿbh Ĺļh ŤȨh ĹŠĵŏɉ‹
űŹžjȩįĻ b= jĬ‹ BA
j ŊŠ ŴjŲ Ĺž jŒŠɣ
h ii ûh
ğ h lm i ûh m h
h ŕj hķ ȇ
Š h h jôĬ‹
Šh ûi
˅g Ǟ
Ǔj? AźŠI= ǔž
j j ȼŎ Āj aŊj ɪ Ůũ ͬ `bŋšŒȹ
ğ h Šh û i h hhğ hh úhh
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ú ĵhŵɁh m ĵŲh bh jĬ‹
ͭ ǻj
ŴɳĸŎb ˌƴj šĸȩ‹ Ŵj Ųb ĵŵɁ
j
hû û k
û h m
h m Ġ q h ğ h ûh
j źŵ ƅĵŁjK ƅj? ūj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ĵŲh bh
Ůj Ÿ= ŴjŲ űŹj ûȎj? Ƹ
hû
l i h ûhhh Ģ h iû
h h hûh l i i hh
j
`ǽ ťžŬ AbŋŞŶžȯ P˱Ɓ‹ Ǎj AbǞjŏȹ űŰŦ= ñcŋŪů‹
h
lû hğ h ğk x û h h
h
h ȑ‹ğ Ĺi ĸh jŪŠɢh
Aźô Ūȩ‹ ŴŽjȓj ů ǞŇ j CŋjŇ˖‹ KAi Ȑh bh ñűû Źj j Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
ğh l h i Ġ
h i h hhh
h û h Ģğ h
űû Źi ȫɁ Aźm ŶĠ ŝbh ŮŎi ŋɉ‹
ōh nZh žû ȽŎ‹
AJj? Ʋń ͮ `źŰjŪšû ȩ ƆŦ=
û Ġ
h m hğ
i û hŵ űû Ÿi ;h m ĵŁh l AźiķjŊŬi ʼnû hũ
h jk Ŷi ȯh ĵhŵDz
ĵŶh Ŏi įhķ Iŋh iŽ ƅbh ð ;i ĵŒȸ ŴŲh ƺ
h
h h hh
xhû û
û ųi û ɉ‹ _j źû Ūh ûů‹ ŴŠh
h Ųŋł
CǚjŠ űŹj ŕj ŕh ũ Ǎj `ǽ ʼnû Ūů ͯ ǻj
j
j
hû lik
û
h
û
h
q
h
h
hŨŽjʼnŕû hĻ ŴȲŠɧh bh c
h
h
i
h
Š ǛŧȬ ĵĿŽjʼnń `ǽ ĵŲ Ķ
j
ˍ j ŠɭůƁ‹ Ƞj bƁj
ğ
hk qhû h h q i h û h ki h ûh h û hh hûh
j
ŷ
Ž
ʼn
Ž
ȑ‹
j
ǻ
Ȩ
d
ˉp źû Ūj ů ĹƧ
Kb cʼnŸb p;ƾ ȁ
Ůž
ŕ
ŧ
ȩ
b
j
j
h
û
Ͱ `źŶji ŲİiŽ
13. Thunder
û
ğ Ci Kź
h Ŏi ˺˼
ʼnj ŠŋɉA
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
h
h h h i m ğ h Šh û i Šh h h û mm
ūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ ūûȎj? ^Ōŵ
ˍ j ɮjŭů‹ ĺɔA; ūŰj Ļ ˏŋųɉA
j = djȑ‹b Ķ
ğ iğ
h
h
û h ğ Šh h Ġ hû
û
hhȱ
j ğȍ‹ ǜ
= ŴȲ
djȑ‹ Ĭ‹ ̂ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ Mĵ
j ɧb Ũơ‹
h
û
h Š h h û ğ i h h û h h h h û h ŠhŠh ğ h h h
h
źļŎ‹ űȪ ðĵŹȫbŋĻ ʼnp ųȭ Ǟ
N
j ʆʅŏɉ‹ şȯK
ˌ j ŋû šů‹ ȇ c
j Ťjķ D
h
x
û
k
ûh i hh h h h û ğ h ğ h h
kq h Ġ h
ŋi j kķʼnh iŽ ǖ
ˏ ŏŲ Ůp ŁƁj dŋj ƒ ȁ ð ŋųŪů‹b ōųŒɉ‹ ŋňŎb
mh
i k h ûhû
h
i i
i ğ h Šh
̃ `źŶji ũźĻ űû ȲjɅk Kh ;j ĵŪj Űjķ űȲŰšh ů ĺ
j ɔ˖‹ Ůŕj ŧȬi ŋh ɊƁ‹
ğ i
h
ûh h Šh h h
h hû ğ h
j ɩK ĵŹžjȯ Ůšh Łh bh P˱
ŴjŲbh ðˊŋq Š ʇh ŵɁbh ƽ
Ɓ‹ ʼnŲ djȑ‹ źh Ÿbh
Alif Lām Mīm Ra. Those are the signs of the
1
Scripture. And what has been sent down to yousg
from your Lord is the truth, but most of mankind
do not believe. 2 Allah is the One Who raised up the
heavens without pillars that you see, then He settled
over the Throne, and He has subjected the sun and
the moon, each running for a stated term. He
governs matters; He details signs, that youpl may be
certain of the meeting with your Lord. 3 And He is
the One Who spread the land and made in it firm
mountains and rivers, and of all products he made
therein two pairs; He causes the night to overwhelme
in that are signs for people who
the day; indeed,
Qa
Qb
Qc
Qd
Qe
All except for Hafs read it as: “. . . except men to whom it is revealed, from among . . .”
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Do they not reason?”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and thought that they had been deemed liars . . .”
All except for Ibn ʻAmer, ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as: “Then We save whomever We will . . .”
Shuʻba, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . the night to tightly overwhelm the day . . .”
164
PART 13. THUNDER
Surah 13- Ar-Ra‘d
h ğ
û i û h û û h û h h h h h Šh h ğ k i
h h
j ɷųȌ‹ ȁ
ô KĵŹğȍ‹ ŮûȎ‹ ǀj ŤȬ ˌǻ
j ȿľ‹ ǻ
j ŁbL ĵŹžjȯ ŮšŁ D
j
h
û
k
ğ
h
ğ
h
h
h
h
h
h
xşśjh ũ P˱
h
j Ɓ‹ ȝj bh ̄ `bŋi ŭŧļȬ ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
p Š ɔ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j?
x h x h
x
x Šh Š h h Ġ
h Šû h= Ŵjû Ųk ĺ
x Šɰğ Łh bh D
Š
ɰ
ɚjźɲļŲ
`Aźh Ŷû Ŕ
j ŮžjƝbh SKû Lbh Ķ
p
hŠ h h h û h i k h i h
m
i û Ȯh bh
hû j Ǟ
Š h ŏû i ȹ `A
ȇ ĵŹŘšȨ ŮŘ
j Š ɩh p;ĵųh j ķ ǐ
j ŧȫb ʼnp ń
p źŶŔ
ğ
h k Š h h Šh
h i
i iû
ûh
̅ `źŰjŪšû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
p ɔ˗ ūj ɉə Ǎj `j? Ů
ˏ j ȱƁ‹ Ǎj Ŗp šȨ
h ğ h i i h h i h x h hh û h ûh
Ǐj ů ĵŵj;= ĵeķŠɷh Ļ ĵŶğ Ŭ AJj;= űû Źi ɉźû ũ Ķ
łšȯ Ķłšȩ `˯ø
i
ğ
l
û h
h
hh h
h h i
h
ȑ‹ ūjɌʤĢ bl = ˍgʼnŽjʼnŁh Ũp ŰŇ
ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh ðűû Źj j Ʌk ŋh j ķ Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
h Ģ h l i h û h û h m i Šh û h û
h Ŕû h= ū
hĵŹžjȯ űû Ÿi Kĵğȍ‹ Ķ
i Šɳ
ˌj
j Ɍʤb=b ðűŹj j ũĵŶȭ= Ǎj ŮʄţƁ‹
hû h h h h û h û h h k ğ
h i h
h h i ûh ûhh
ʼnũb jĹŶŏơ‹ ŮĸȰ jĹĴjɀŏɉĭjķ ūŵźŰł
j šļŏȹb ̆ `bȒj Š ɗ
h ğ h ğ i Šh i h û i û h
ğ ků ˅ŋh ŧŤû Ųh bȑi h ū
û hŰŇh
j ŶŰj
Mĵ
ɅK `˯ ñĺʄĿųɉ‹ űŹj j ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ ĺ
p j
i ihh
h û i h h h ğ h ğ û û i Šh h
h ȑ‹ğ ^ź
ŴŽj
ŪɆb ̇ Bĵ
j Ūšj ů‹ ʼnŽjʼnŒɉ ūɅK `˯ ðűŹj ųj Űŝ ȇ
h
h h= m ĵųh ȫğ ? mĀjŷɅk Kğ ŴjŲk xĹhŽA;h jŷžû hŰŠh ^h Ōŵi= mƅh źû h ɉ l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
xð KjŊŶŲi ĺŵ
j ñj
j
i Ġ
h
h iğ
h ki h
h
Š h = ȁi Ůi ųj ûƕ ĵŲh űi Űšû Ȭh Ĭ‹
ĵŲh bh Ƴŵ
̈ Ig ĵŸ ˉg źû ũ Ȃ
j j ůb
h
h û
ih
û h Ġih i h ûh hh i h û û i h
̉ KA
g ʼnŪųj j ķ ÿaʼnŶjŠ ;g ƾ Ȥb ô IAIŌĻ ĵŲb _ĵńKƁ‹ ŖžjŤĻ
m
i
h h i û i h û h h ğ h žû Ťh ûů‹ űji ۊɢh
űȲŶjŲk x;Aźh Ŏh ̊ ^ĵ
j šļųɉ‹ Ǟjĸŭů‹ j CʼnŠʇŒɉ‹b Ķ
j
ğû
û ğ hh û ğ
h
û h û i hi û hh
h
Ůj Ȏĭjķ ťģ ňļŏɊ źŸ ŴŲb Ājŷjķ ŋh Źh Łh ŴŲh bh ^źû Ūů‹ Ǧ
= ŴŲ
ûh k x h k h i ih
hğ
ü i KĵŎh bh
Ŵjû Ųbh jŷûŽʼnh hŽ ǻ
j Ȩ Ŵü Ųj ĺŠɭŪj šŲ ÿȔ ̋ jKĵŹȍĭjķ B
j
û h
hû h i k h i h h ğ ğ ğ û h û i h i h û h
ˉg źŪjķ ĵŲ Ǟj ŤȬ ƅ Ĭ‹ `j? ñjĬ‹ ŋj Ɋ= ŴjŲ ÿŷŵźŞŧƘ ĀjŷjŧŰŇ
hh
h iğ h hh mh û i h h l ik h i Šğ h
ƆŦ ˊ;q źm Ŏi ˉp źû Ūjķ Ĭ‹
IAK= AJ˯ ñűŹj jŏŧŵįjķ ĵŲ AbǞj ŤȬ Ʋń
ğ hi
h ŴjŲ ĀjŷjŵbIi ŴjŲk űŹi h ɉ ĵŲh bh ÿô Ȕi h Iğ ŋh Ɋh
djȑ‹ źŸ ̌ ^A
b
g
h hk h h ğ i ih qh hh qû h h ûhû i i
^ĵŪj Ȍ‹ BĵŅŏɉ‹ IJ jŒȿɆb ĵšųŚb ĵŦźŇ \ǚů‹ űȲɆŋj iŽ
i h Ģh hû h
h
û ğ ik hih
ĀjŷjļŧžjŇ Ŵjû Ų ĹŭjɌˁ
ųɉ‹b Āj aʼnj ųû hƔj ʼni Šŋɉ‹
Ńjĸŏȹb ̍
i
m
h
h iŽ űû Ÿi bh ;i ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh ĵŹh ķ Ķž
ğ Ůji Ŏŋû Ɇi bh
i ŕj ži ȯh Ũjh ŠŠʆh ŕɉ‹
`źɉjʼnŠɲ
j
h û i h hih ğ
h ȑ‹ğ bh Ũˏ k ơ‹
h û iCźh Šû Ih ÿȔi h ̎ ^ĵ
ŴŽj
j Ņųj ɉ‹ ʼnŽjʼnő źŸb jĬ‹ Ǎj
j
reflect. 4 And in the land are neighboring plots and
gardens of vines, and vegetation, and date-palmsa—
from the same root or from distinct roots—irrigated
with the same water, yet We makeb the produce of
some taste better than others; most surely, in that
are signs for people who reason. 5 And if yousg are
amazed, then more amazing is their saying: “Can
it be that when we have become dust—can it be
thatc we will really be (resurrected) in a new creation?”
Those are the ones who have denied their Lord, and
those are the ones with yokes around their necks,
for those are the fellows of the Fire; therein they
abide. 6 And they urge yousg to hasten evil before
good, though exemplary punishments have
occurred before them. And most surely your Lord
is the Possessor of forgiveness to mankind despite
their injustice, but most surely your Lord is stern in
retribution. 7 And those who have denied say, “If
only a signd would be sent down to him from his
Lord?” Indeed, you are only a forewarner, as for
every people there is a guide. 8 Allah knows what
every female carries and what the wombs lose
(prematurely) or exceed, and everything with Him is
in due measure— 9 the Knower of the hidden realm
and the manifest; the Supreme, the Highly Exalted.
It is the same: whether one of you speaks secretly
10
or aloud, whether he goes into hiding by night or
goes out by day. 11 For each one there is a succession
(of angels) before him and behind him, preserving him
from Allah’s command. Indeed, Allah does not
change the condition of a people until they change
what is within themselves. And if Allah wants an
evil for a people, there is no turning it back, and
apart from Him they have no guardian. 12 It is He
who shows youpl the lightening, (causing) fear and
ardent hope, and He produces the heavy clouds. 13
And the thunder exalts Him with praise, and so do
the angels out of fear of Him. And He sends the
thunderbolts, striking with them whomever He
wills. Yet they argue about Allah, while He is stern
in His plan. 14 To Him belongs the call of truth,
while those they call upon apart from Him do not
respond to them with anything, except as someone
All except for Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Hafs and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . neighboring plots and gardens of vines and (of)
vegetation and (of) date-palms . . .”
Qb
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . yet He makes the produce . . .”
Qc
Nafieʻ, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “Can it be that when we have become dust we will really be . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “When we have become dust—can it be that we will really be . . .”
d
A physical miracle.
Qa
165
PART 13. THUNDER
Surah 13- Ar-Ra‘d
h ğ û h ih h i h ûh h
h i ûh
i
řj jŏŠɭh Ŭ ƅj? ;g ǀ
j ļŏȹ ƅ ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲ `źŠʼnŽ
j ȵ űŹɉ `źĸžł
m i
m û h
h hi
ğh
i
;i ȕh I ĵŲh bh ĀjôŷjŤjۊɭh j ķ źh Ÿ ĵŲh bh aĵi Ŧ ŢŰĸû hȎj j;ĵųh ɉ‹ Ǔj? jŷžû ŧŬ
h û
h h ğ Ǎ ŴŲh Т Сbh ̏ يʄh ŗh Ǎ ƅğ ? ŴɆ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹
D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j
j
j
p
h
û
û
h
i
ûi
h h k ii
i h h q û h q û h j Ɓ‹bh
Ůũ ̐ ă^ĵ
j Ŕ˖‹b jbʼnŤůĭjķ űŹŰŠʄjŝb ĵŸŋȡb ȕźŚ P˱
hû
i
iû hğ hh ûi iğ
h h ğ BĠ Kğ ŴŲh
j Ɓ‹bh D
ŴjŲk űĻŊƛĭŦ= Ůũ ôĬ‹
Ůj ũ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
û i kq h h h q û h û i h h i û h h h m h û h m i
Ůũ ˊô ǰ
ƅb ĵšŧȫ űŹj jŏŧŵƁj `źŭj ŰųȬ ƅ ;ĵȎj b= ĀjŷjŵbI
i
h û h h i hû h h û h û
û
Ġ
i Š ʅh ŰŞů‹
Š ȭƁ‹ djźļh ŏû h ȹ ŮŸh
ĺ
djźļh ŏû ȶ ŮŸ _û = Ǟ
ŕj Ȋ‹b ǖ
h h l ih h hmhh i ğ l i h h ûh i Ġ h
hŷĸh ɺ
Š h hȽhŦ ĀjŷjŪûŰň
Ŭ AźŪŰŇ ;ȢǨ jĬj AźŰšŁ _= ñ Kźȍ‹b
û
ki i h iğ
i û û h h i û hû
i
û h ȁ
ʼnji ńŠʆh ů‹ źh Ÿbh p;ƾ
j Ũj ۊɗ Ĭ‹ Ůj ũ űô Źj žŰŠ ŨŰƢ‹
h û h h h mh mh ğ
hh h
h h
ğhû
ĵŸjKʼnh Ūj ķ ˫hŽjIbû = ĺ
ůĵŏŦ ;q ĵŲ j;ĵųŏɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ^Ōŵ
= ̑ ŋi Š ʇŪů‹
ûh h h i i ğ h q ğ qhh iû ğ hh h û h
ğ
jKĵȍ‹ Ǎj jŷžŰŠ `bʼnj ũźŽ ĵųjɊb ðĵžjȨAK AʼnɅL Ůžŏɉ‹ ŮųļńĭŦ
û h h Šh h i i û k x h h Š h h û h h û h m h û
i ğ Bi Ǵ
Ĭ‹
j Ž ūj ɉɶŬ ÿô ŷŰĿjŲ ʼnɅL şp ɮŲ b= Ĺg žŰjń ;ĵŤjļķ‹
h m h i h û hh ihğ ğhh h hû h ğ û
h
h
ŸŊžȯ ʼnɅŌɉ‹ ĵŲįŦ ô Ůśj Šɭů‹b Ũơ‹
şi ŧŶhŽ ĵŲh ĵŲğ =bh ð ;q ĵŧŁi Ķ
hû
h h h û i ğ i û h h Šh h
i i h h ğ
j
ɶ
Ŭ
P˱
Ɓ‹ Ǎj Ľŭųû žh ȯ Mĵ
ȍ‹
^ĵĿŲû Ɓ‹ Ĭ‹
BǴ
Ž
ūj
ɉ
ˏ
j
û
l i h ûh ûh h ğ h h û i i kh l i h h û h ğ
Š ŏơ‹ űŹj j Ʌŋj ɉ AźķĵłļŎ‹ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ̒
Aźĸžł
j ļŏȹ űɉ ŴŽjȑ‹b ˏ ƴ
hû
lû hhû h ih h ihû h q h
h ğh h h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲğ űŹi ɉ `= źû ɉ ÿȔi
Abʼnļȯ˔ ÿŷšŲ ÿŷŰĿjŲb ĵšžjƦ P˱
û
û im i û ih h hli m
û
h ơ‹
ōh ȻjɅbh ðűi Ŷğ Źh Łh űû Źi Š Ɗbh įŲh bh Bĵ
ŏj
;źŎ űŹɉ ūjɌʤĢ b= Ājôŷjķ
j
h kğ
h h h i mh ğh ihû h h hh
i h û
hû ū
Ʌj K ŴjŲ ūȎû j ? ^Ōŵ
=
ĵ
ų
ȫ
Ɂ
ű
Ű
š
Ȭ
Ŵ
ų
ȯ
=ø
ŨĠ ơ‹
̓
Iĵ
Źųj ɉ‹
j
h
h
i
û
ğ
û
l
ğ
h ȑ‹ ̔ ĶŠɭh ůƁ‹ Aźiɉbl = ŋi ŬŊh ļh Ȭh ĵųh ȫğ ? ǖ
h ȭû = źh Ÿi Ŵû ųh Ŭh
Ģ
ŴŽj
j
ô
j
h i
h û h i i h hh ğ
hŴŽjȑ‹ğ bh ̕ Ũh Šɯž
ųj ɉ‹ `źŘŪŶŽ ƅb jĬ‹ ʼnj Źû šh j ķ `źŦźiŽ
h h i h m iğ h hh mh h i h
h h û
űû Źi Ʌğ Kh `źû ŒňɆh bh ŮŔź
Ž `= Ājŷjķ Ĭ‹ ŋɊ= ĵŲ `źŰŕj Ž
û hm i h i h hh
l
m
h
i h Ŕh ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ bh ̖ Bĵŏjh ơ‹
jŷŁû bh ;h ĵŤjļûķ‹ Abǚ
;źŎ `źŦĵňɆb
j
h
l
h
h
û
q
i h h ğ l i hhh û kh
h kq û i Š h h h ğ
Ĺžjh ȫƆŠbh ˊǦ
ũ=b űŹj j ɅK
j űŹɰũLK ĵųjɊ AźŪŧŵ=bh CźŠ Űŕɉ‹ AźɊĵ
i
û
h
h
h ih ûhh
h Ģ l hh k ğ h h h
ğ Ʊh Ūû ȭi űû Źi ɉ ū
̗ jKAȐ‹
j Ɍʤb= ĹĴjɀŏɉ‹ jĹŶŏơĭjķ `b;KʼnɆb
who stretches his hands towards water so that it
may reach his mouth, but never will it reach it. Thus
the call of the deniers can only go astray. 15 And to
Allah prostrates whoever is in the heavens and the
earth, willingly or reluctantly, as do their shadows
in the mornings and before sunset. 16 Saysg, “Who
is the Lord of the heavens and the earth?” Say,
“Allah.” Say, “Have you taken apart from Him
protectors who have no power to benefit or harm
(even) themselves?” Say, “Are the blind and the
seeing equal? Or are darkness and light equal? Or
have they set up to Allah associates who created the
like of His creation, so that their creation is
indistinguishable to them from His? Say, “Allah is
the Creator of everything, and He is the One, the
Subduer.” 17 He sent down water from the sky, so
valleys flowed—each according to its capacity—
and the current carried swelling froth. And from
what theya burn in fire, seeking to make ornaments
or utensils, comes a similar froth. Thus Allah
exemplifies truth and falsehood: so as for the
froth—it fades away, and as for what benefits
mankind—it remains in the earth; thus Allah sets
forth parables. 18 For those who have responded to
their Lord is the best (reward), but those who have not
responded to Him—if they possessed whatever is
in the earth, all together and twice as much, they
would indeed offer to ransom themselves with it.
For those is an evil reckoning, for their shelter is
Hell, and what a miserable resting place! 19 Is
someone who knows that what was sent down to
you from your Lord is the truth like someone who
is blind? Indeed, only those endowed with
understanding remind themselves— 20 those who
fulfill Allah’s covenant and do not violate the
pledge; 21 and those who join what Allah has
commanded to be joined and are in awe of their
Lord and fear evil reckoning; 22 and those who
endured patiently, seeking their Lord’s countenance,
and established the prayers and spent of what We
provided them, secretly and publicly, and who repelb
an evil deed with a good deed; for those is the
Ultimate Dwelling: 23 everlasting Gardens which
with whoever was righteous of
they enter, along
their forefathers and their spouses and their
offspring(s), while the angels enter upon them from
Qa
b
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . what you burn in fire . . .”
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
166
PART 13. THUNDER
Surah 13- Ar-Ra‘d
h
m
h i i
h i Šğ h
űû Źj j ɋĵhķA;h Ŵjû Ų Ńh ŰŔh ŴŲh bh ĵŹh ȫźŰŇʼnû hŽ `p ʼnû Š ĺ
ɰŁ
û
ki k ûh h h i i ûh i h h h h û ğki h û hûhh
Ģ ųɉ‹b ðűŹj j ļŠɔjKJb űŹj Ł
ȁ
j Š ɩL=b
j ŴjŲ űŹj žŰŠ `źŰŇʼnŽ ĹŭjɌˁ
ûh h h i ûh h h h
ğ Ʊh Ūû ȭi űh šjû ŶhŦ űû ȩi ǚ
h
̙ jKAȐ‹
ô Ŕ ĵųjķ űȲžŰŠ űf Š ʄŎ ̘ Bĵ
p ķ
û
h
h
h h i i h ğ h
ğ
`źši śh ŪɆh bh ĀjŷjŪŠɯžjŲ ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj jĬ‹ ʼnh Źû ȭ `źŘŪŶhŽ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b
h
h
i
û
h
h i ûih h h i m iğ h hh mh
h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj `bʼnjŏ
ūjɌʤĢ bl = P˱
ŧɆb ŮŔźŽ `= Ājŷjķ Ĭ‹ ŋɊ= ĵŲ
ğ i ih
h k i i ûh iğ
ğ ;i źm Ŏi űû Źi h ɉbh Ĺi Ŷh šû Űɉ‹
Ŵųjh ɉ \Lû ŋɉ‹
ř
ŏ
ȼ
Ž
Ĭ‹
̚
KA
Ȑ‹
űŹɉ
j
j
û
û
l
m
h
û
ûĠ iŠhh hh hûĠ Šhh
h
Ǎj ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Cźžơ‹ ĵŲb ĵžȫȐ‹ j Cźžơĭjķ Aźńi ŋj Ŧbh ô Kji ʼnŪɆh bh ;i ĵŒhȹ
h i m hûh l i h h h ğ i ih h
x Šɮh Ųh ƅğ ? j Cŋjh Ň˖‹
ş
^Ōŵ
=
ƅ
ź
ɉ
Ab
ŋ
ŧ
ȱ
ŴŽj
ȑ‹
^ź
Ū
Ɇ
b
̛
j
j
m
û
Ġ
x
i
h ğ `ğ ? Ůũ ĀjŷɅk Kğ ŴjŲk ĹhŽA;h jŷžû hŰŠh
m ʼnŹû Ɇh bh ;i ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh ŮŘ
dj
j iŽ Ĭ‹
j
ôj
ğ
û
l
i
i
h hŵɁh Ŵû Ųh jŷûȎh ?
i Űũ ŴĠ Ɍųh śû ȩh bh AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ ̜ Bĵ
ŋj ȡjŊjķ űŹi Ʌź
j
j
h
h
û
l ih h h ğ
û
i
ğ
ğ
i ŰŪi ů‹ ŴĠ Ɍųh śû ȩh jĬ‹
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ̝ Bź
ŋj ȡjŊjķ ƅɁ ñjĬ‹
j
ğ l i h h
h h h
h h i û i h û i h Š h Śi ĺŠɳjh ۊɻů‹
AźŰųj Šb
ūj ɉŠɶŬ ̞ Bĵ
j
p nZŲ Ŵŏńb űŹɉ ȗź
i
i
hh l i k
m h
h Šh û h ûh
û hŰŇh ʼnû hũ ĹŲğ = Ǎ
m
ū
űi Źj žû ŰŠ Aźh Űļû hȋj űx Ɋh = ĵŹjh Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĺ
p
j ɰŰŎK=
h i i û h û i h h ûh mhû h ûh m ğ
k i ûi
ğ ķ `b
ŋŧȲŽ űŸb ūȎj? ĵŶžńb= djȑ‹
ŋɉĭ
ȗj Kh źh Ÿ Ůũ ˵
j
ô
hğ û h h
h h ûh i ûğhh ûh h h i ğ h h m h
`= źɉb ̟ Bĵ
j ļŲ jŷȎ˯ ĺȣźĻ jŷžŰŠ źŸ ƅj? ŷŠɧj? ƅ
û
ki h i hû
û hk i q h ûi
û šh śk Ȱi bû h= ^ĵi ĸh Ơ‹
jŷjķ űjh ǿ bû = P˱Ɓ‹ jŷjķ ĺ
j
j jŷjķ DǞj Ŏ ĵŵA;ŋũ
hl
h e h û h û ğk h h û hû
h ȑ‹ğ ōj nZh ûŽlĵhŽ űû hŰhŦ= ñĵšžj
Š źųɉ‹
`= Aźm Ŷi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
Ʀ ŋi ɊƁ‹ jĬj Ůķ ˍ Ș
h ȍ‹
q Ʀh Mĵ
i ğ ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ źû ůğ
h ȑ‹ğ ^Ai Ōh hŽ ƅh bh ñĵšžj
ğ cʼnh Źh h ɉ Ĭ‹
ŴŽj
h
q ŋhũ ŮĠ iƕh bû h= Ĺf Šh Kĵhũ l Aźši Ŷh Ŕh ĵųh ķ űŹi ĸi žŕj iĻ l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
ŴjŲk ĵĸɆ
j
j
j
h h û i ûi h hğ ğ ğ i û h h ûh Šğ h û h
̠ Iĵšž
ųj ɉ‹ ťj Űƞ ƅ Ĭ‹ `j? jôĬ‹ ʼnŠb ƫj įŽ Ʋń űjŸjKAI
l i h h h ğ i ûh ûhh h ûh k i i h ûi û hhh
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ĺžŰɊįŦ ūj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ Ůp Ŏŋjķ @Ōj ŹļŎ‹ ʼnj Ūůb
h
h h h hûh h û iiû h h ği
Š h h űf j ɋmĵhũ źh Ÿi Ŵû ųh ȯh = ̡ Bĵ
ȇ
j ŪjŠ `ǽ ťžŭŦ ðűŹȩŊŇ= űȪ
h i
ûi mhh i ğ l i h h h û h h h h
ûh ki
_û = űô û ŸźųĠ Ŏh Ůũ ;h ȢǨ
jĬj AźŰšŁb ñĺĸŏŬ ĵųjķ ˡŧȫ ȁ
j
hû
hi û h h h i h i k h i
ûh û hû h k Š h h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űŰšȬ ƅ ĵųjķ ÿŷŵźnZjĸȿĻ
Ůķ ˍj^źŪů‹ ŴjŲ ŋp Źj ɾjķ _= P˱
every gate. 24 “Peace be upon youpl for all you have
endured patiently, so how excellent is the Ultimate
Dwelling!” 25 And those who violate the covenant
of Allah after pledging it, and sever what Allah has
commanded to be joined and spread corruption in
the land—those, for them there is the curse, and for
them there is the Very Evil Home. 26 Allah extends
provision for whomever He wills and He restrains
(it). And they rejoiced with the Earlier Life, yet the
Earlier Life, compared to the Hereafter, is nothing
but (a brief) enjoyment. 27 And those who have denied
say, “If only a signa would be sent down to him from
his Lord?” Say, “Indeed, Allah leads astray
whomever He wills, and He guides to Himself
whoever has turned penitent: 28 those who have
attained faith and whose hearts becomeb serene
with the remembrancec of Allah. Undoubtedly, it is
indeed in the remembrance of Allah that hearts find
comfort.” 29 Those who have attained faith and have
done righteous deeds—for them is blessedness and
a beautiful place to return to. 30 Thus We have sent
you sg among a community before which other
communities have passed away, that you may read
to them what We have revealed to you, while they
deny the All-Mercifuld. Say, “He is my Lord; there
is no god but He; in Him I have placed my trust and
to Him is my repentance.” 31 And even if there had
been a Recitale by which mountains were made to
move or by which the land was cut up or by which
the dead were spoken to…f . Rather, to Allah
belongs all command. Have those who have attained
faith not yet given up and realized that if Allah
wills, He can guide all mankind? And shocking
events continue to afflict those who have denied—
on account of what they have done—or fall near
their home, until Allah’s promise comes true;
indeed, Allah never breaks a promise. 32 And very
truly messengers before you were ridiculed, so I
reprieved the deniers then I seized them, so how
was My punishment? 33 Is the One Who is watchful
over what every single self has earned…g? Yet they
set up associates to Allah. Say, “Namepl them! Or
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
A physical miracle.
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
The Arabic word zhikr can be translated as ‘remembrance’, ‘reminder’ or ‘mentioning’.
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
This sentence is left open-ended; according Al-Alousi and other exegetes its predicate is “they would still disbelieve.”
This sentence is left open-ended; according to Al-Farra’ and other exegetes its predicate is “as any other?”
167
PART 13. THUNDER
Surah 13- Ar-Ra‘d
h l Ġ i h û ii û h l i h h h ğ hki
ğ
ŴŲh bh ˍŮž
j ɉ ŴjɆL
j j ȼŏɉ‹ Ŵj Š AbʼnŔb űŸŋŭŲ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽȓj
û
h
h iğ
û
h
x h h û iğ
h Ǎj BA
j CźŠ žh ơ‹
ŊŠ űŹɉ ̢ pIĵŸ Ŵjû Ų ÿȔi ĵųh ȯ Ĭ‹
Ůjj ŰŘiŽ
Ġ
i Ŋh šh hůbh ðĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
h ŴjŲ jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űŹi h ɉ ĵŲh bh ŨĠ őh h= j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ BA
\A
b
ð
p
ğ
ûh h i û
ûh
ğ ̣
h û Ůi Ŀh Ųø
ĵŹh j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə ð`źŪļğ ųi ɉ‹ ʼnjh Šbi Ʋj ů‹ Ĺj Ŷğ Ơ‹
l hğ h ğ h û i h û hĠ h x mh hi i i i hûh û
Aźô Ūȩ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ƱŪȭ ūŰj Ļ ô ĵŹŰjŝb űjɋAI ĵŹŰȱ= ð ŋŠʇŵƁ‹
h û hûi ğ
h Šɮjh ŭûů‹ űi Źi Šɰh žû ȩAh ;h ŴŽj
i ğȍ‹ ŴɆ
h ȑ‹ğ bh ̤ Kĵ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹ ƱŪȭb
Ķ
j
h
i
û
h
h
m
h h i hûh
h û
h h h û
ŋji ŭŶiŽ ŴŲh BA
j ŌńƁ‹ ŴjŲb ðūȎj? ^Ōŵ
j = ĵųjķ `źńŋŧȬ
i
h ğ ʼnh ĸi ȭû h= `û h= Di ŋjû Ɋi= m ĵųh ȫğ ? Ůû iũ ÿô ŷi Řh šû Ȩh
ûjŷȎh j ? mĀjŷķ ]h Ǩû = mƅh bh Ĭ‹
j
ôj j
h
û
h l i ûh
h
û
h
kô ĵžq Ʌŋh Šh ĵųe ŭńi ŷi Šɰh ůŌŵ
h = ūjh ɉŠɶȡbh ̥ BĵnZh Ųh jŷûȎ˯
AźŠI=
j
j
hh h û û h h h m h h h û h i h m h û h h û h ğ
h
ūɉ ĵŲ űj Űšj ů‹ ŴjŲ ];ĵŁ ĵŲ ʼnšȨ űŸ;AźŸ= ĺšĸȩ‹ Ŵj j Ɍůbh
q
û h hh
ğ h
h h h k bh ŴjŲ jĬ‹
ŴŲj
ŴjŲk ƆŎi Ki ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ʼnû Ūůbh ̦ \A
p b ƅb Ƞ
pj
h
h
i h h h h h qğ k i h q hû û ih hû h h h h ûh
`= ^ź
g Ŏŋj ɉ `ǽ ĵŲb ô ĹɆjKJb ĵŁŠɩL= űŹɉ ĵŶŰšŁb ūj ŰĸȰ
h ki ğ
ğ h h ûh
û
x h
i ųû Ȭh ̧ Bĵ
i ğ ‹ l AźŅ
ů
Ĭ
ļjŬ Ůp Łh = Ȃj
Ĭ‹
`
J
ı
Ȩ
ƅ
j
j ñ j j j j ? Ĺg Ž˲ ƫj įŽ
h û Ġi mi h h i ûih im hh h
h i
Š
ɮj
ūŶğ Ɇh ŋj ŵ ĵŲğ `˯ ̨ Ķ
j ŭů‹ _= ÿaʼnŶjŠb ðĺjĸȾɆb ;ĵŒȹ ĵŲ
ğ h
i hhû h ûh h h ğ h h ğhğhhh ûh û i i h
ފʄȊ‹
ūžŰŠ ĵųȫjıŦ ūŶžȯźļȫ b= űŸʼnjšŵ djȑ‹ Ŗšû Ȩh
û hûh h h
h h
i h h h û ûh ğh l
i ŏjh ơ‹
ĵŹh ŕi ŪŶŵ P˱Ɓ‹ ƫj įŵ ĵŵɁ Abû ŋh hŽ űû ɉbh = ̩ Bĵ
ĵŶžŰŠb
h
û i h kh i i i ûh iğ h h h ûh û
i Ǧh źh Ÿi bh Ājŷųj ŭ
şɆ
ô ơj ĶŪj šŲ ƅ űȲƘ Ĭ‹b ô ĵŹj ŦAŋŚ= ŴjŲ
j
û
û
û
h h ûhh
h
h ơ‹
h ȑ‹ğ ŋh ŭ
ŋi ŭųh ɉ‹ ˓ űû Źj j Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
Ų ʼnũb ̪ Bĵ
ŏj
j
i û ihûh hh
ûh Ġi i û h h i h û h q h
ûŴųjh ɉ ŋi Šʁğ ŭ
ů‹ űŰšžŎb ō
ˍ p ŧȫ ȁ Ķ jŏȲĻ ĵŲ űŰšȬ ðĵšžjƦ
q
l
h
ûi
h h ğ i ihh
ğ Ʊh Ūû ȭi
h ŏû ɉ Abŋi ŧh ȱ
Ůũ ô ƆŎh ŋû Ɋi ĺ
ŴŽjȑ‹ ^źŪɆb ̫ jKAȐ‹
û
h
ğ
i hûhh
h Š Ŵû Ųh bh űû Ȳ
ü h Źőh jĬĭ
ŠhŬ
űi ŰjŠ ÿiaʼnŶj
ŶɀɅb ƴj ûɀhķ ˊʼnž
jķ Ǐ
j
h û
̬Ķ
j Šɮjŭů‹
are you to inform Him as to what He knows not in
the earth? Or is it a show of words?” Rather, the
scheming of those who have denied has been
adorned for them, and they were barreda from the
way. And whomever Allah leads astray, no guide
shall there ever be for him. 34 For them is a
punishment in the Earlier Life, but the punishment
of the Hereafter is harsher, for they have no shield
from Allah. 35 The likeness of the Garden promised
to those mindful (of God): rivers flow beneath it; its
crops are perpetual, and so is its shade. Such is the
ultimate outcome for those who were mindful,
while the ultimate outcome for the deniers is the
Fire. 36 And those whom We have brought the
Scripture rejoice at what was sent down to you,
while of the parties are those who reject parts of it.
Saysg, “Indeed, I have only been commanded to
worship Allah and to never associate (anything) with
Him; to Him I call and to Him is my return.” 37 And
thus We have sent it down as an Arabic code of law.
Thus, were yousg to follow their whims after the
knowledge that has come to you, you would have
against Allahb neither guardian nor shield. 38 And
most surely, We have sent messengers before you
and We assigned for them spouses and offspring,
and never was it for a messenger to come with a
sign except by Allah’sb leave. For every term there
is a decreed term. 39 Allah erases whatever He
decides and He keepsc (whatever He decides), and with
Him is the sourced of the Scripture. 40 Whether We
show you some of what We have promised them or
take you at death, your duty is indeed mere
proclamation, while Ours is the reckoning. 41 Do
they not see how We approach the land, diminishing
it from its edges? Thus Allaha judges; nothing can
hold back His judgment, and He is Swift in
reckoning. 42 And the ones who came before them
had schemed (as well), yet to Allah belongs all
scheming; He knows what every single self earns.
And the denierse will know to whom belongs the
Ultimate Dwelling. 43 And those who have denied
say, “Yousg are not an emissary.” Say, “Sufficient is
Allah as a witness between me and you, and so is
whoever has the knowledge of the Scripture.”
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and they barred (others) from . . .”
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qc
All except for Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and He firmly keeps . . .”
d
Literally ‘mother’.
Qe
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “And the denier will know . . .”
Qa
b
168
PART 13. ABRAHAM
Surah 14- Ibrâhîm
ih i
h Ÿj Aŋh û
űž
ķj?
CKź
Ŏ ˺˽
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
14. Abraham
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
h
hi Ġ
h
h û h h h û h h= Ķ
f Šɮjh Ŭ ŋmɉA
Ǔj? ĺ
j Š ʅŰŞů‹ Ŵjh Ų Mĵğȍ‹ Fŋj ňȋi j ūûȎj? ŷi ŠɰůŌŵ
ˏ
û
h
û
û
ğ
k
h ŌɆŌšh ů‹ Qj Š ɷh Ŕ
jĬ‹ ̂ ʼnj žųj ơ‹
j ǓŠ j ? űû Źj j ɅKh `j JjıjȨ jKźĠȍ‹
j j
hû
x
hh
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh ÿȔi h djȑ‹ğ
ŮɆû bh bh P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˍ j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲb D
j
û
ğ
h h û h Šh ûk
h
h h h Ġ h ûh h
CźŠ žh ơ‹
`źĸŅ
Ŋ
j ļŏȹ ŴŽjȑ‹ ̃ ʼnŽj
g ʼnő BA
p Š ŴjŲ ŴɆŋj jŧʃŰj ů
hh hû Ġ
h i
h Ġ i hh h
ğ
h ŴŠh `b
j
ĵŹh ȫźŤĸû Ɇh bh jĬ‹ Ůž
ȼ
ȇ
ĵžȫȐ‹
Ŏ
ʼn
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Ɇ
b
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ŋj
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m
h
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h l e h
h hû hh
h
iğ
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g ŎK ŴjŲ ĵŶŰŎK= ĵŲb ̄ ʼnp žjšķ ˦Šʄŗ Ǎj ūjɌʤĢ b= ô ĵŁźjŠ
ğ
h hkhi
m h
h
h
h
i ğ ŮĠ Ř
;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh Ĭ‹
j ĀjŷŲj źû ũ `ĵ
j ži ȯ ðűû Źi ɉ ǻj ȼȎ
j ŏj Űjķ ƅj?
û h hh
i ŭơ‹
i Ōšh ûů‹ źh Ÿi bh ô ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ ŴŲh djʼnŹû Ɇh bh
h û ŌɆ
ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ʼnû Ūůbh ̅ űžj
j
h
i
Ġ h h h û h û û h û h m h Šh Š h i
h ŰŞů‹
Ġ Ǔ? ĺ
Š
Kź
ȍ‹
ʅ
ŴjŲ ūɊźũ Fŋj Ň= `= ĵŶjļɔ˲ ƽźɊ
j j
j
ki k Šh
ğ ğ
h Šh
ğŽɂh ķ űŸi ŋjû Ŭk Jh bh
ğ Ŕh Ȃj
Š
ə
Ǎ
`
?
Ĭ‹
ű
Ƌ
Kĵ
ĸ
ů
ĺ
ɔ˗
ūj
ɉ
j
j j
p
j j ô
j
p
l
h
i
i h
û
û
h
h
h
ğ
Š h Ɋi ^ĵũ J˯ ̆ Kźŭ
ő
jĬ‹ Ĺųh šjû ŵ Abŋi ŬJ‹ jŷŲj źû Ūj ů ƽź
p
h
i h i ih h ûh û
h û k i h û û i ûh h
;h źm Ŏi űû ȲŵźɊź
ŏȹ `źŠŋj Ŧ ^A
j ; ŴjŲ űȲŠƋƑ= Jj? űȲžŰŠ
h hû
i m h û h ûhh û i hmhûh h ik h ih
ļŏȹb űȱ;ĵŶȨɁ `źƔj ŊɆb BA
ȝj bh űô û ȱ;h ĵŏjh ȸ `źži Ņ
j Ŋšů‹
h ğhh û
i
i k ğ k x m h h i Šh
x Şj Šh űû Ȳ
űû ȲɅĠ Kh `JįĻ J˯ ̇ űž
j ɅK ŴjŲ ;Ɔķ űȲj ůə
h
h
h h ğ
i hh
i ğh hh ûiûh h
ƪAj ŊŠ `j ? űû ȩŋû ŧȱ ŴjɌůbh ðűû ȲŵʼnɆ
jLƁ űȩŋŭő ŴjɌů
hû
û h
x hh
i h= l Abm ŋi ŧi Ȳ
Ģ h Ɋi ^ĵh hũbh ̈ ʼnŽj
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ŴŲh bh űû ļŵ
P˱
Ļ `j? ƽź
ʼnŒɉ
û
h
ğ
l
h
i h û
q Ʀh
f Ƨh ƴ
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ ĵšžj
h ȑ‹ Aİi ĸh ȫh űû Ȳj
Ğ Ťh hů Ĭ
ŴŽj
ĻįŽ űɉɁ ̉ ʼnžj
j
j
h
h ihh h h p i jûh û i ûh
h ȑ‹ğ bh Iź
ƅ űjû Ÿʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ŴŽj
ųȪb pIȕb Gźŵ _źũ űȲj ŰĸȰ ŴjŲ
h
û
l
i
û m h iğ ğ û iihûh
Ġ h Šh kh
ƅj? űŹųŰšȬ
űû Źi Ȭjh ʼnûŽɁ Abm Iŋh Ŧ ĺ
j ɰjžȊĭjķ űŹi ŰŎi Ki űû Źi ȩ;h ĵŁ ôĬ‹
ûi û i m h h û h h ğ l m i h h û h û h m
h ğ
Ǐj ů ĵŵ˯ Ājŷjķ űļŰjŎK= ĵųjķ ĵŵŋŧȱ ĵŵj? Aźɉĵũb űŹj jŸŠʆŦ= Ǎj
h i
h i ûh ğ k k h
û hůĵhũø ̊ ĶɆŋɊi jŷȎ
û h j ? m ĵŶh ȫź
Ǎj = űû Źi ŰŎi Ki ĺ
ŠʼnĻ ĵųjɊ ū
p ő
p j
Alif Lām Ra. A Scripture that We sent down to
1
you sg , that you may bring mankind out from
darkness(es) into light—by the leave of their Lord—
to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy: 2
Allaha—the One to Whom belongs whatever is in
the heavens and whatever is in the earth. And woe
to the deniers from a severe punishment! 3 Those
who seek the love of the Earlier Life more than the
Hereafter, and bar (people) from the way of Allah and
seek to make it crooked—those are in extreme
misguidance. 4 And never did We send any
messenger but (he spoke) in the tongue of his people,
that he may clarify for them. Then Allah leads
astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills,
for He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. 5 And very
truly We sent Moses with Our signs: “Bring yoursg
people out of darkness(es) into light and remind
them of the Days of Allahb.” Indeed, in that are
signs for everyone who is most patient, constantly
thankful.” 6 And recall when Moses said to his
people, “Remember Allah’s blessing upon you
when He saved you from Pharaoh’s folk: inflicting
on you an evil punishment and slaying your sons
and keeping your women alive (in bondage). And in
that was a great test from your Lord. 7 And recall
when your pl Lord proclaimed, ‘If you give thanks,
I will indeed increase you; but if you deny, then
indeed My punishment is severe.’” 8 Thus Moses
said, “If youpl deny, together with everyone on
earth—then Allah is most surely Self-Sufficient,
Praiseworthy.” 9 Has not the tiding of those before
youpl come to you—the people of Noah and ʻĀd and
Thamûd and those (who came) after them? None know
them except Allah. Their messengers came to them
with evident proofs, yet they turned back their
hands to their mouthsc and said, “We surely deny
what you have been sent with, and we are indeed in
doubt about whatever
suspicious (matter) you are
calling us to.” 10 Their messengers said, “Is there
Nafieʻ, Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “(He is) Allah—the One to whom . . .”
Roways read it as such only when he connected signs 1 and 2.
b
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
c
To silence them.
Qa
169
PART 13. ABRAHAM
Surah 14- Ibrâhîm
hû h h h ğ
i
h xk h ğ
i h û
űȲů ŋh jŧŤhȎj űû ȡźŠi ʼnû hŽ P˱
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹ ŋjj ŚĵŦ ūő jĬ‹
ˌ j Ɓ‹b D
h i
i ii k
i h= `û ? l Aźm i ɉĵhũ ǖkq ŏh ŲĠ ŮŁh h= Ǔ
Ģ j ? űû ȡŋjh Ňk İh Ɇi bh űû Ȳ
űû ļŵ
j
ˏ
j ɅźŵJ ŴjŲ
p
h
h h
h i i hiûk x hh ğ
h h
h
ʼni ĸi šû Ȭh `ǽ ĵųğ ȭ ĵŵbʼnĠ ŕi Ļ `= `bʼnɆ
ŋj Ļ ĵŶŰĿjŲ Ǭȵ ƅj?
h
h
i
û ůĵhũ ̋ ǻĸŲĠ ŴŠɽh ûŰŏi ȵ ĵhŵźiĻɂû hŦ ĵhŵ>i m ĵhķA;h
`j? űû Źi ŰŎi Ki űû Źi ɉ ĺ
j
p j p
mi h h h Š h h Ġ i h h ğ ğ Š h h û i i û k x h h ğ i û ğ
;ĵŒȹ ŴŲ ȇ ŴųȬ Ĭ‹ ŴȲ
j ɧb űȲŰĿjŲ Ǭȵ ƅj? ŴƗ
û
ğ
û
û
ğ h m h h h
i
`j JjıjȨ ƅj? Ŵg Šɽh Űŏi j ȵ űȲžjh ȩįŵ `= ĵhȍ `ǽ ĵŲh bh ĀjðajIĵĸjh Š Ŵjû Ų
hğ h ğh m h
h
û û ğhhhûh ğ hh h ğ
Ȥźh ļh ȫ ƅɁ ĵhȍ ĵŲh bh ̌ `źŶji Ųİųi ɉ‹ Ȥ
j źļžŰŦ jĬ‹ ȇb jôĬ‹
h
h
h
m
h
h
ğ hh
h ŕû hȍbh ô ĵŶh Űĸi Ŏi ĵŶh Š Ɗʼnh Ÿh ʼnû hũbh jĬ‹
Š h `ğ ǚ
ȇ
ô ĵŵźųi ļi Ȭû JA;h ĵŲh ȇ
j
h
û
i
û
l ihh h ğ h hh
ğ
k
h h
h
h
ğ
hhh
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵũb ̍ `źȣj źh ļh ųi ɉ‹ Ȥ
j źļžŰŦ jĬ‹ ȇb
ğ
ğ i i hh ûh mh h û k i ğ h û ih û i i
ðĵŶh j ļŰjɊ Ǎj `Iź
šȋ b= ĵŶŗ˱
j = ŴjŲ űȲŶŁŋj ňȍ űŹj j ŰŎŋj ɉ
ğ
h ûih û iĠh û ûh
h ûhh
h ųjۊɾů‹
ğ
Ģ
̎ ǻ
Ŵ
Ȳj
Ű
Ź
ȍ
ű
Ź
Ʌ
K
ű
Ź
Ȏ
?
Ƹ
bįŦ
j
j j
h
h h
h û i
ih
h h
[ĵŇ Ŵû ųjh ɉ ūj ɉŠə űjô û Ÿʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj P˱Ɓ‹ űi ȲŶğ Ŷjh ŭŏû ȿůbh
ğ h Ġi h h h l i h ûh û h
h h h h j Ūh Ųh
Kĵ
g ĸŁ ȁ BĵŇb AźŅļŧļŎ‹b ̏ ʼnj žjȭb [ĵŇb Ǖĵ
m
Š h ŏû i ȹbh űi Ŷğ Źh Łh ĀjŷjɋmAKh bh ŴjŲk ̐ ʼnp žj ŶŠh
̑ ʼnp ŽjʼnŔh p;ĵŲğ ŴjŲ ǐ
ki
i i i h h hh ii ğ h hh
i źû ųh û ɉ‹ jŷžjȩûįɆh bh ÿŷi Ťž
ȁ
Ŵj
Ų
D
jŏȹ IĵȲŽ ƅb ÿŷŠŋłļȬ
j
m
ih
x h f h h
kh hi hh h h
ŮĿŲğ ̒ Ŝžj Űţ BA
ŊŠ ĀjŷjɋAKh bh ŴjŲbh ĺ
ˌ p j žųjķ źŸ ĵŲb `p ǾŲ
û ğh û
h h ğ
h ŋh Ŭh űû Źi iۊʅh Šû h= űû ŹɅk ŋh ķ l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
i ŋɉ‹
k j ŷķ D
ŃɆ
I
ĵ
Ų
ŴŽjȑ‹
ʼn
ļ
ő‹
g
ð
jj j
j j
ğ
h
h h û h Š h l i h h ğ h i ûh
h
ūj ɉŠə ˏ p;ƾ
ȇ AźĸŏŬ ĵųjɊ `bKjʼnŪȬ ƅ ˌťp Ŕ
j ȕ ˉg źû hŽ Ǎj
ğ hi
h h ğ Ũh hŰŇh Ĭ‹
i jšhȊ‹û Ůi Š ʄh Řɉ‹
h ğ `ğ h= ŋh hĻ űû h ɉɁh ̓ ʼnž
źŸ
D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
û
û
h
û
û
h
h û h
i û û hh
k h ķ P˱
Ɓ‹b
ʼnp ŽjʼnŁh Ũp Űƚj D
j įɆh bh űû ȲĸjŸŊiŽ įŒȹ `j? Ũ
ˏ j ơĭ
j
h
h hh q h ğ l i hhh
h h h
ğ
^ĵŪȯ ĵšžjƦ jĬj AbLŋɅb ̕ ŌɆ
Ōj šh j ķ jĬ‹ ȇ ūj ɉŠə ĵŲh bh ̔
p
i h ği ğ lm ih û h û h ğ li Ģhh Ġ
i h= Ůû Źh ȯh ĵšq ĸh ȩh űû Ȳ
űļŵ
ů ĵŶŬ ĵŵj? AbǚŭļŎ‹ ŴŽjȓj ɉ AİʾšŘɉ‹
l
h
i
h
h h û ğh h iû Ġ
ğ
i ğ ĵŶh Š Ɗʼnh Ÿh źû ɉ Aźɉĵhũ p;ƾ
Ĭ‹
ˏ û ŴjŲ jĬ‹ BA
j ŊŠ ŴjŲ ĵŶȭ `źŶŤŲ
h h hûh h ûh mh û h h mhûh h fmh h û i hû h hh
h
ŴjŲ ĵȍ ĵŲ ĵŵǚŔ _= ĵŶȭŌj Ł= ĵŶžŰŠ ;AźŎ ðűȲŠɰŽʼnŹɉ
any doubt about Allah, the Originator of the heavens
and the earth? He calls youpl to forgive you your
misdeeds and to defer you until (you fulfill) a stated
term.” They said, “You are only human beings like
us; you want to turn us away from what our
forefathers used to worship, so bring us an evident
manifestation.” 11 Their messengers said to them,
“We are only human beings like you, but Allah does
a favor to whomever He wills of His servants, and
in no way could we come up to you with any
manifestation except by Allah’s leave. And in Allah
let the believers place their trust. 12 And how can
we not place our trust in Allah when He has guided
us in our ways? And we will most surely endure
patiently whichever way you hurt us. And let
anyone who trusts, place his trust in Allah.” 13 Yet
those who denied said to their messengers, “We will
most surely evict you from our land unless you
return to our creed.” So their Lord revealed to them:
“We will most surely annihilate the unjust ones, 14
and We will most surely settle you in the land after
them. That is for whoever stood in fear of My
position and in fear of My threat.” 15 Thus they
sought a legislationa, then every stubborn tyrant
failed; 16 beyond him lies Hell, and he is given, for
drink, purulent water 17 which he sips, though he
can barely swallow. And death comes at him from
everywhere but he is not to die, and beyond him is
a harsh punishment. 18 The parable of those who
denied their Lord: their deeds are like ashes on
which the windb blew severely upon a stormy day;
they have no control over anything they have
earned. That is the extreme misguidance. 19 Have
you not seen that Allah createdc the heavens and the
earth with the truthd? If He wills, He can do away
with youpl and bring a new creation. 20 And that is
not too mighty for Allah. 21 And they emergede
before Allah all together. And the weak said to the
arrogant leaders, “We were your followers, so can
you avail us i n any way agai nst Allah’s
punishment?” They said, “Had Allah guided us, we
would have guided you. It is the same for us:
The Arabic word used is a derivative of the word fateh, which literally means ‘open’; according to Az-Zamakhshari and
other exegetes it means ‘open a way for us to distinguish between good and evil’.
Qb
Nafieʻ and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “winds”.
Qc
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . that Allah is the Creator of the heavens . . .”
d
According to Ibn ʻAshour and other exegetes, ‘with the truth’ means ‘for a purpose’.
e
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
a
170
PART 13. ABRAHAM
Surah 14- Ibrâhîm
h h
ğ
ğ
h ğ `ğ ? ŋi Ɋû hƁ‹û DŽ
h j iũ ĵųğ h ɉ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
Ĭ‹
^ĵũbh ̖ œžj
j
p Ƥ
h h
i ûh û hh i Ġ h
i h h h
h û ʼnh Šû bh űû ȱ
`ǽ ĵŲh bh ðűû Ȳļi ŧŰŇįŦ űû ȲĻʼnŠbh bh Ũj k ơ‹
ʼnŠb
h
ğ
û
m
h i k i ûh h h
ûiû h h û h û i iû h h
ˌǓj űļĸłļŎĭŦ űȲĻźŠI `= ƅj? Ŵg ŠɽŰŎ ŴjŲ űȲžŰŠ Ǔ
j
úhh m ğ i h i h lm i i h
ih hh
mhh û i
û
i
i
ĵŲb űȲjŇDz
j ųjķ ĵŵɁ ĵŲ ˌűȲŏŧŵ= AźɊźɉb Țź
j ɊźŰĻ ƆŦ
h
û
k
m
ğ i h
i h=
ii h û h i ûhh
ğ j Dzû ųi ķ űļŵ
`j? ñ Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ `ź
j ųļȡǨ= ĵųjķ Dŋŧȱ ƭj j ? ƹ
j
j
h f h h û ih h
l i h h h ğ h ûih
ğ
x
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ŮjŇI=b ̗ űȎj = BAŊŠ űŹɉ ǻųj j ۊɾů‹
ûh û
ûh
ûh
ğh
h ğ l i h
ŋi Š ʇh ŵƁ‹ ĵŹh j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh
p Š ɰŁ ĺ
h
h ȯ ŴŽj
h ȯ űû Źi ļi žjğ ƕh űû ŹɅk Kh `Jû ıȨ ĵŹžj
h Ȓj Š ɗh
hŋhĻ űû h ɉɁ ̘ űf Š ʄh Ŏh ĵŹžj
ð jj j jj
h Œh Ŭh Ĺq ĸh žk Śh Ĺq ųjh ǿh Ɔq Ŀh Ųh Ĭ‹
i ğ Bh ǰ
h h ťh žû Ŭh
Ĺg ĸh j žk Śh p ˅ŋh ł
j
ği h i i m ûi
mh ğ
x ķĵhľ ĵŹh iŰŔû h=
h ȭi ŋû hŦbh ĺ
j
İ
Ļ
ȁ ĵŹh Űȱ= Ș
̙
;
ĵ
ų
ŏɉ‹
Ǎ
ĵ
Ź
j
j
j
h
û
ğ
h
h
h
û hh hkh û
i ğ Bi Ǵ
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ^ĵĿŲû Ɓ‹ Ĭ‹
űû Źi Űšh ů Mĵ
j Ɇb ñĵŹjɅK `j JjıjȨ ˨žjń
h ihh
h ğ h hh
h h
h h
h Œh Ŭh ĹĿɀ
Ĺg ĿɀjĸŇ ˅g ŋh ł
p j ĸŇ Ĺg ųjh ǿ ŮĿŲbh ̚ `bŋi ŬŊļȬ
hû ûh
û
û Ŀğ ļi Ł‹
iğ ‹ĺ
i ĸk hȾiŽ ̛ KAŋh hũ ŴjŲ ĵŹh h ɉ ĵŲh P˱
j
Ĭ
Ɓ‹ \j źŦ ŴjŲ ĺ
j
p
ğ
h hûĠ
h hû Ǎ ĺ
û hû l ih h h ğ
ˌjCŋjh Ň˖‹ ȝj b ĵžȫȐ‹ j CźŠ žơ‹
j j j ķĵȌ‹ ^j źŪůĭjķ AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹
m h
ğ iğ Ġ ih
h hh
h
i ğ Ůi šh ŧû Ɇh bh ǻ
ŋh Ļ űû ɉɁø ̜ ;i ĵŒhȹ ĵŲh Ĭ‹
j Ɇb
ô ųj j ۊɾů‹ Ĭ‹ ŮŘ
h
h l Ġ
ûi
ğ h hû l iğh h ğ h
h
KAh I űû Źi Ɋh źû ũ AźŰńh =bh ˊŋq ŧȱ jĬ‹ ĺ
ųšj ŵ Aźɉʼnķ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ǔj?
û
û
hû
h h
ğ l i
jĬj AźŰšh Łh bh ̞ KAi ŋh Ūů‹ ōh ȻjɅbh ðĵŹh ȫźû Űŕû hŽ űh Ŷğ Źh Łh ̝ jKAźh hȊ‹
h ih h ğ h l iğhh ûi
h l Ġ k q h h
Ǔj? űû ȡǞ
ŕj Ɋ `jıŦ Aźšļųȩ Ůũ ĀjñŷjŰžjȼŎh ŴŠ AźŰŘj iȎj AIAʼnŵ
=
ğ
l
l
k
h h ğ
i jŪiŽ AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ djh Iĵĸh jšjů Ůiũ ̟ Kĵğȍ‹
CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
Aźųž
j
ûh h ûh k q h h q
l
û
i
h
h
x_źû hŽ ƫ
ğ
i
û
h
h
h
k
h j įŽ `= ŮĸȰ ŴjŲ ĹžjȫƆŠb ˊǦj űŹŠɰũLK ĵųjɊ AźŪjŧŶɆi bh
j
ğ
ğ iğ
h
h h
fh
h
h
h
ğ
D
‹ ̠ يʄjŇ ƅbh jŷžjȯ şx žû Ȩh ƅ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹ ŨŰŇ djȑ‹ Ĭ
h h hû h
ğ
h û h h m h m ğ Ŵjh Ų ^h Ōŵ
h =bh P˱
D
Ɓ‹b
j Š ɷh ųh Ȍ‹ Ŵjh Ų Ājŷjķ Fŋh ŇįŦ ;q ĵŲ j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
û
û
û
ğ
h
qû
û h
h û h h i i i
h ğ hh û i
jŋŅȊ‹ Ǎj dŋj ł jȋ ūŰŧů‹ űȲů ŋňŎb ðűȲů ĵũLjK
h
ğ i i h h ğ hh
ûh û i i h h ğ h h
û
h
û
h
h
Š
ōųŒɉ‹ űȲů ŋňŎb ̡ ŋʇŵƁ‹ űȲů ŋňŎb Ājðaŋj Ɋįjķ
whether we mourn or are patient, there is no escape
for us.” 22 Thus Satan said, when the matter had
been concluded, “Indeed, Allah promised youpl the
promise of truth, and I promised you but I failed
you. And never did I have any authority over you
except that I called you and you responded to me.
So do not blame me, but blame yourselves; I cannot
come to your aid nor can you come to my aid; (now)
I have indeed denied your earlier association of me
(with Allah) . Indeed, for the unjust is a painful
punishment.” 23 But those who had attained faith
and had done righteous deeds were entered into
Gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein
by their Lord’s leave; their greeting therein is:
“Peace.” 24 Have yousg not seen how Allah has set
forth a parable? A good word is like a good tree—
its root is firm and its branches are in heaven, 25
yielding its crop every season by its Lord’s leave.
And Allah sets forth parables for mankind, that
they may remind themselves. 26 And the parable of
a nasty word is that of a nasty tree that has been
uprooted: it has no stability. 27 Allah gives firmness
to those who have attained faith with the firm
statement in the Earlier Life and in the Hereafter,
and Allah leads the unjustpl astray. And Allah does
whatever He wills. 28 Have yousg not seen those who
exchanged the blessing of Allah for denial and
landed their people into the home of perdition? 29
Hell, wherein they roast, and what a miserable
settlement! 30 And they set up rivals to Allah in
order to make (others) straya from His way. Say,
“Enjoy yourselves, for surely your destiny is to the
Fire.” 31 Tell My servants who have attained faith to
establish the prayers and to spend from what We
have provided them, secretly and publicly, before a
day comes in which there is neither trade nor close
friendship. 32 Allah is the One Who created the
heavens and the earth and sent down water from the
sky, then brought out with it, of the products,
provision for youpl; and He has subjected to you the
ships to run in the sea by His command, and He has
subjected to you the rivers. 33 And He has subjected
to you the sun and the moon, both moving
constantly, and He has subjected to you the night
and the day. 34 And He has brought youpl of all what
you asked Him, and if you were to count Allah’s
blessings, you would not be able to enumerate them.
Qa
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Roways read it as: “. . . in order to stray from His way . . .”
171
PART 13. ABRAHAM
Surah 14- Ibrâhîm
i h h ğ h h ûh mh h h hû h
i h
h Źh ğȍ‹bh Ůh ûȎ‹ğ űi Ȳ
ů ŋňŎb ˌǻ
űȲŠƋĻA;h bh ̢ Kĵ
j ĸjɋAI ŋųŪů‹b
h
h
û
i
ki k
mh û
ğ h hû l Ġih
ųšj ŵ Abʼnšȩ `˯ ôiaźųi iȋɂŎh ĵŲh ȁ
ñ ĵŸźŕi ƕ ƅ jĬ‹ ĺ
j ŴjŲ
û û k h i hû h h û
h û ğ
xKĵŧğ Ŭh x_źiŰŞh ůh Ŵh ɹȸ
Š
Š
Ůšh Ł‹
B
K
űžj
Ÿ
ɷ
ķ
?
^ĵ
ũ
J˯
̣
ƃ‹
j
j
j `j?
h
h
û
û
h
û bh ĵŶjq ŲA;h Ȓ
h Ŷh Ŕû Ɓ‹ ʼnh ĸi šû ȫğ `= ƴ
h Ȋ‹
h AŊh Šɪh
ğ Ʌh bh ƴûȼŶi Ł‹
̤ _ĵ
j
j
h
ğ h
h
q j ĿŬh Ŵh Űû hŰŗû h= Ŵğ Źi ȫğ ? Bk Kh
j ğȍ‹ Ŵh Ųj k ˊǞ
ÿŷi ŵjıŦ ƴj šh j ĸĻ Ŵųh ȯ ˌMĵ
j j
km m h ğ ğ
h ğ h
h h û hh k
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh ū
ƭj j ? ĵŶɅK ̥ űžj
ŵjıŦ ƭĵ
j ੠ŴŲb ˌƴjj Ų
h ûh
h
h Š Sg Kû Lh djJ Ǟû Ȯh IAźh ķ ƲɆğ Kk Ji ŴjŲ ĺŶ
i ŭ
ūjļûɀhķ ʼnŶj
Ŏ=
g j j j
j
h
l
h
û
û
q
û hŦ hCźŠ Űŕɉ‹
ğ Aźųž
h ųi û ɉ‹
i jŪiȎj ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh _j ŋğ Ņ
j ȍğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Cʼnh nZj Ŧ= Ůšh Łĭ
Mĵ
ğ h h h ğ h k i ûi û h û ûh m û h
h i û
̦ `bŋi ŭŒhȹ űû Źi Űšh ů D
j Š ɷųȌ‹ ŴjŲ űŹȰLK‹b űŹj Ȏj? djźŹȩ
ğ hh Š hûh h h i û i h h ûi h i h û h h ğ mhğh
ƞ ĵŲb ñŴj Űšȫ ĵŲb Ǐj Ɲ ĵŲ űŰšȩ ūŵj? ĵŶɅK
ŴjŲ jĬ‹ ȇ Ǐ
hû
ğ ğ
ğ Ǎ ƅh bh P˱
û h
h û ̧ j;mĵųh ŏɉ‹
j
Ɓ‹ Ǎj ;p ƾ
djȑ‹ jĬj ʼni ųû ơ‹
j
h h û h û hh
h û
h hh
i ųj ŏh h ɉ ȗk Kh `ğ ? Ũh Šɳ
şž
j ô Ŏ˯ Ůžšj Š ʅŎj? ǚj
j ŭů‹ ȇ Ǔj ĶŸb
j
mh Ġ
h ğ h i ûh û k h
i
ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh ˏ Ʋj Ɇğ jKk J ŴjŲbh j CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
űžjŪŲ ƴj ŰšŁ‹ B
j K ̨ j;ȕȐ‹
mh i ûğhhh
û hğh
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ɉbh dğ Ȑh j Š ʆjh ůbh Ǔ ŋû ŧţ‹
_h źû hŽ ǻj
j j ĵŶɅK ̩ j;ȕI ŮĸŪȩb
û i ih
i
h e h hğ ğh h ûh hh
i ŏjh ơ‹
Ƿŏƕ ƅb ̪ Bĵ
Ůųh šû Ȭh ĵųğ ȭ ƆjŧŠɣ Ĭ‹
_źŪȬ
h
û
ğ h i Šğ
h ûh
h
i k h
̫ ŋi Š ɻûķƁ‹ jŷžjȯ œi ňŒȶ ˉp źû Ȏh j űû Ÿŋji ŇİiŽ ĵųh ȫj? `ź
ô ųj Űɾů‹
h
h Ġh h
i h
ûi h
ûi
ðűû Źi ȯŋû Ś űû Źj ûȎj? ʼnĻŋû Ž ƅ űû Źj Ŏj b;i Ki Njjj ŶŪŲ ǻjšśj ŹɊ
h ğȍ‹ KjŊŵh=bh ̬ x;mAźh Ÿh űû Źi ȩi ʼnh nZûŦh=bh
i Ŋh šh ûů‹ űi ŹžjȩûįhŽ _h źû hŽ Mĵ
BA
j
j
j
h
h
Ġ
ğ
h
l
h h
i i h
û Ƒ ĶɆŋhũ ŮŁh = Ǔ
Ģ j ? m ĵhŵŋjû Ňk = m ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh Aźųi Űŝh ŴŽj
Ķ
ȑ‹ ^źŪžh ȯ
j p j p
ûh l i i h h h h Ġ
i h
ğh h h û h
ĵŲh Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲk űļi ųû ŏh ũ= Aźm ŵźȲĻ űû ɉbh = ñ ŮŎi ŋɉ‹
jşjĸȽŵbh ūĻźh ŠI
lm i h h h ğ
h hh
i ŭ
hh k i h
Š h Ųh Ǎj űû ļŶ
AźųŰŝ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ŵj Ȳ
Ŏb ̭ ^A
j ɹ
p bL ŴjŲ űȲů
û h h h i h h ğhh h û i h i h
i h h h h û
űi Ȳů ĵŶh Ʌû ǰ
b űŹj j ķ ĵŶh Űšh ȯ ťžû Ŭ űû Ȳů ǻ
ȼĻb űŹŏŧŵ=
l
h h hû
û
û
h
ğ h h û ih h i h ûhh
i
`˯ űû Ÿŋi ŭŲh jĬ‹ ʼnŶj
Šb űŸŋŭŲ AbŋŭŲ ʼnũb ̮ ^ĵĿŲû Ɓ‹
û iû h ih û i i û h h h
ğ h ŏh ûƕh Ɔh hŦ ̯ ^ĵi ĸh Ơ‹
hğ Ƿ
Ĭ‹
j ŷŶjŲ ^bǡj ů űŸŋŭŲ `ǽ
Surely, man is constantly unjust, a relentless denier.
And recall when Abraham said, “O my Lord,
35
make this land safe and keep me and my sons away
from worshiping human-shaped idols.” 36 “My
Lord, they have indeed led many people astray. So
whoever follows me, then surely he is of me; and
whoever disobeys me, then You are Oft-Forgiving,
Bestowing of mercy. 37 Our Lord, I have indeed
settled of my offspring in a valley devoid of
vegetation at Your House which has been made
Inviolable, Our Lord, that they may establish the
prayers. So make some people’s burning hearts
incline towards them, and provide them with
products, that they may give thanks.” 38 “Our Lord,
You surely know whatever we hide and whatever
we make public. For nothing is hidden from Allah,
whether in the earth or in the heaven.” 39 “Praise be
to Allah Who has given me, in my old age, Ishmael
and Isaac; my Lord is indeed All-Hearing of
supplication.” 40 “My Lord, make me one who
establishes the prayer, and (also) of my offspring.
Oura Lord, and accept my supplication.” 41 “Our
Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believers
on the day when the reckoning takes place.” 42 Dosg
not ever think that Allah is oblivious of what the
unjust pl are doing. He only defers them to a day
when sight(s) glaze over, 43 as they rush forward with
their necks outstretched, their heads upraised, their
eyes unblinking and their hearts void. 44 And warnsg
mankind of the day when punishment comes upon
them, and the unjustpl say, “Our Lord, defer us for
a little while and we will respond to Your call and
follow the messengers.” Did youpl not swear earlier
that in no way would you face extinction? 45 And
you settled in the residences of those who were
unjust to themselves and it became clear to you how
We dealt with them, and We set forth for you the
parables. 46 And very truly they had schemed their
scheming, yet their scheming is known to Allah,
even though their scheming was enough to remove
mountains. 47 So never thinksg that Allah will break
His promise to His messengers. Indeed, Allah is
Almighty, Capable of vengeance 48 on the day when
the earth is changed
into another earth, as well as
the heavens, and they emergedb before Allah, the
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
a
b
172
PART 13. THE STONE CITY
Surah 15- Al-Hijr
i x h hğ ğ mih i i
h ûi
h
û
_h źû hŽ ̰ ˉp ĵŪjļŵ‹ bJ ŌɆ
Ōj Š Ĭ‹ `j? ÿô ŷŰŎK Āj aʼnj Šbh ťj Űƥ
hû hû h i hû i ğhi
û ğ l
i h ğ bh P˱
j Ɓ‹ Ǟ
ʼnj ń
Ȯ P˱Ɓ‹ ^ʼnĸȩ
j Š ʆh ů‹ jĬj AbLi ŋh Ʌh bh ðDŠʆh Š ʅŏɉ‹
h
û
û
h
û ųi ɉ‹ cŋh hĻbh ̱ KĵŹğ Ūh ûů‹
h ȫŋğ Ūh ŲĠ ŊɌŲh źû hŽ ǻj
h Ųŋł
jIĵŧŔû Ɓ‹ Ǎj ǻj
pj
j
j
i
h
û
h
h
h
k
i
i
i
h
i
i
ğ
h h
h
Š Ťȩb `A
̳ Kĵȍ‹ űi ŹŸźŁb ǀ
p ŋśj ũ ŴjŲ űŹŰžjȨAǦ ̲
ği iğ h û h
û ĸh ŏh Ŭh ĵŲğ ōŧû ȫh ȁ
h ğ `ğ ? ĺ
i Ǧh Ĭ‹
şɆ
Ĭ‹ dŌj łȎj
ô
j
p
j
û
lm i h û h h
l ih i h
k
h
ğ ů Ţx Š ʄhķ AŊh Šɪh ̴ Bĵŏjh ơ‹
j ŶŰj
AźųŰšȎj b Ājŷjķ AbKŊŶȎj b Mĵ
j
hûh û l ili h ğ ğ h h x h x h h i h ğh
̵Ķ
j ŠɭůƁ‹ Aźɉb= ŋŬŊȎj b ʼnjńŠɩ ŷŠɧj? źŸ ĵųȫɁ
One, the Subduer. 49 And yousg see the criminals on
that day bound together in fetters, 50 their attires
made of tar, and the Fire covering their faces. 51
That Allah may repay every single self according
to what it has earned. Indeed, Allah is Swift in
reckoning. 52 This is a proclamation for mankind,
and that they may be warned by it, and that they
may know that He is one God, and that people of
understanding may constantly remember.
15. The Stone City
In the name of Allah,
û ih i
ŋj łj ơA CKź
Ŏ ˺˾
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Alif Lām Ra. Those are the signsa of the Scripture
and an evident Recitalb. 2 Perhaps those who have
denied will wish they had been Muslims. 3 Letsg
them eat and enjoy and be distracted by (false) hope,
for they will come to know. 4 For in no way did
We annihilate any town except that it had a known
written decree. 5 No community can advance its
time, nor can they delay it. 6 And they said, “O
you upon whom the Reminder has been bestowed
from on high, very truly you are insane. 7 If only
you would bring us the angels, if you are one of
the truthful!” 8 We bestowc not the angels from on
high except with the truthd, and in no way would
theye then be respited. 9 Indeed, We—We alone—
have bestowed the Reminder from on high, and
We will most surely preserve it. 10 And most surely
We sent (messengers) before yousg to the sects of the
ancients, 11 but no messenger comesf to them but
they used to ridicule him. 12 Thus We insert itg into
the hearts of the criminals— 13 they do not believe
in it, though the rule of (God regarding) the ancients
has surely passed before. 14 And if We were to open
for them a gateway into the sky so that they were to
continue ascending through it, 15 they would surely
1
Ġ
h û m
Ġ ;h ŋû iũbh ĶŠɮjh ŭûů‹ ĺ
i Š ɔAh ;h ū
Iźh hŽ ĵųh Ʌh KĠ ̂ ǻ
Űj Ļ ˏŋɉA
j
p
p j ĸŲ `A
û
l i i h û iûh
h
h ųjŰŏû Ɋi l Aźiŵǽh źû h ɉ l Abŋi ŧh ȱ
h ȑ‹ğ
AźŰȱįŽ űŸKJ ̃ ǻ
ŴŽj
j
û l
û hûhm
h h i hû
h h
ĵŶh ŭŰŸ= ĵŲh bh ̄ `źųi Űšû Ȭh [źû ŏh Ŧð ŮɊh Ɓ‹ űi Źj Źj ŰɆi bh Aźši ļğ ųh ļh Ɇh bh
i
h ğ
i
h
h
x
Ĺg Ųğ = Ŵjû Ų Ũi j ĸŏû ȶ ĵŲğ ̅ x_źŰšû Ųğ Bĵļjh Ŭ ĵŹh ɉbh ƅj? Ĺg Ɇh ŋû ũ ŴjŲ
h h l i hh
ğ
h h h i
h i ûh ûh hh hh h h
Ģ Aźɉĵũb ̆ `b
jŷžû ŰŠ ^Ōj k ŵ djȑ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ ɂʑ
ŋň
j nZļŏȹ ĵŲb ĵŹŰŁ=
û
h Ģh hû h h h ûğ
x û hh h ğ i û k
h ŶŬi `? Ĺj ŭ
ĺ
ųɉĭjķ ĵŶɀj ĻįĻ ĵŲźů ̇ `źŶi ł
ųɉ ūŵj? ŋŬjȑ‹
j j Ɍˁ
û
ğ
lmi h h h k h
h h Ģh hû ikhi h
ğ h
h
Aźŵǽ ĵŲb Ũj ơĭjķ ƅj? ĹŭjɌˁ
ųɉ‹ ^ǣ
j ȫ ĵŲ ̈ ǻjȰʼnj Š ɻů‹ ŴjŲ
h i h h ih ğ h û k hû ğh i ûh ğ
h Ġ q
h ŋŞŶ
ů ÿȔ ĵŵ˯ ŋŬjȑ‹ ĵȍŌŵ ŴƗ ĵŵj? ̉ ŴɆ
`źŞŧj Šɳ
j Ų AJj?
hû h
û h û hh
h h
h ůbğ Ɓ‹
ĵŲh bh ̋ ǻj
jşžjő Ǎj ūj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ʼnŪůbh ̊
l i h ğ
h
h h h
i Kğ ŴjŲk űŹžjȩûįhŽ
ūj ɉŠɶŬ ̌ `b;i Ōj Źû ļh ŏû h ȹ Ājŷjķ Aźŵǽ ƅj? ^ź
Ŏ
j
g
h
û
i
i
h
h
û
û ųi ɉ‹ BźŰiũ Ǎ ÿŷi ŭiŰŏû h ȸ
h Ųŋł
ʼnû ũbh Ājŷjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ̍ ǻj
j
j
j
h
û
h
h
û ļh ȯh źû ɉbh ̎ ǻj
û hŰŇh
h ůbğ Ɓ‹ Ĺi Ŷğ Ŏi ĺ
q hķ űŹžû ŰŠh ĵŶh Ņ
Ŵjh Ųk ĵȨĵ
j
l Ġ hh m ğ
ğ l i hh
h
û k
Dŋjh ŭŎi ĵųh ȫj? Aźm ɉĵŪů ̏ `źŁi ŋi šû Ȭh jŷžjȯ AźŰŞȯ j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
The Arabic word used is ayat (singular ayah). Ayah means ‘sign’ or ‘proof’. It is also used to denote the unit of text in the
in poetry or ‘sentence’ in prose. Each such unit is considered a ‘sign’ from God.
Qur’an, like ‘verse’
b
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qc
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “The angels are not bestowed from on high except with
the truth . . .”
d
According to Ibn ʻAshour and other exegetes, ‘with the truth’ means ‘for a purpose’.
e
The deniers.
f
Frequently the Qur’an speaks about the prophets using present tense; this should be pondered by the reader.
g
The Reminder.
a
173
PART 14. THE STONE CITY
Surah 15- Al-Hijr
û
hh
h i i û ğ x ûh i ûh ûh hiŠ h ûh
Ǎj ĵŶh Űšh Łh ʼnû Ūůbh ̐ `bKź
ŅŏŲ _źũ ŴƗ Ůķ ĵŵŋɻķɁ
ki
ğ h ğğh h q ii mh ğ
h h û h h
h
ȁ
j ŴjŲ ĵŹŠɰŞjŧńb ̑ ŴɆŋj Şj ŠɰŰj ɉ ĵŹŠɰɆLb ĵŁbŋķ j;ĵųŏɉ‹
ûhh
x
û ŴŲh ƅğ ? ̒ ˈžŁKğ ŴŠɽh žû őh
ğ \h Ǜ
h h Ŏ‹
BĵŹjh ő ÿŷi šh ĸh ȩɂŦ şh ųû ŏɉ‹
j
g j p
j
h
h
h
û
hû
û h h h j Šh h h
h
h û
x ĸŲĠ
ĵŶh Ƚĸ˩
=b ƽɩK ĵŹžjȯ ĵŶh žû ŪůɁbh ĵŹh ŠɓIʼnh Ųh P˱Ɓ‹bh ̓ ǻ
j
û
h
k
h
i
i
i ûğ û
h ȯ űû Ȳ
h
ĵŹžj
ů ĵŶh Űšh Łh bh ̔ `b
p LźŲ ;p ƾ ȁ
j ŴjŲ ĵŹžjȯ
ğ û h k
h ȰLŠɷh ķ ÿȔi h űû ļi ŏû ůğ ŴŲh bh Őh ɀŠ ɿh Ųh
ƅj? ;g ƾ
ŴjŲ `˯ ̕ ǻj
j
j j
ûh h û h h
i û ğ h h ğ m ii kh i h h i i mh h h h
ĵŶŰŎK=b ̖ ˉp źŰšŲ pKʼnŪjķ ƅj? ÿȔjǣȫ ĵŲb ÿŷŶjɋAŌŇ ĵŵʼnŶjŠ
m h h i i i h û h û h h qm h m h ğ h hû h h h h hh h Šh k
ĵŲb aźųŭŠɰžŪŎįŦ ;ĵŲ j;ĵųŏɉ‹ ŴjŲ ĵȍŌŵįŦ Ńj ũŠʆů Ńɔŋɉ‹
j
h ih û i h
û hȍh ĵğŵ˯ ̗ ǻj
h ȫŌŠɴ
i ųj iŵbh Āƻû iŵ Ŵi Ņ
iŴûƗh bh ĺž
j
j j ķ ÿȔ űļŵ=
û
h
h
û
h
h i Šh û
i
h Ųj ʼnj Ūļh ŏû ųi ɉ‹ ĵŶh ųjû ŰŠh ʼnû Ūh ůbh ̘ `ź
ľjKʆů‹
ʼnû Ūůbh űû ȲŶjŲ ǻ
ğ i i i ûh hi h ğh ğ
ûh û iû hû h
h ŋň
ÿŷi ŵj? űô û ŸǬ
Ƙ źŸ ūɅK `˯ ̙ ŴɆ
j j nZļŏųɉ‹ ĵŶųj ŰŠ
û hûh h û hhh
h û
x h f h
Š h ƃ‹
Ŵjû Ųk Ůp Š ɻŰŔh ŴjŲ Ŵh ɹȸ
j ĵŶŪŰŇ ʼnŪůb ̚ űžj ŰŠ űžjŭń
hh
ğ Kĵğŵ ŴjŲ Ůi ĸû Ȱh ŴjŲ ŷi Šɰh Ūû Űh Ňh `ğ m ĵƠ‹
h û bh ̛ `źŶi ŏû Ųğ ıƧ
j ųi ŏɉ‹
_ź
p
j
p
h Ģh h û h Ġ h h h û
h û
q h h ȵ Ũjü i ۊɗh ƭk ? Ĺj ŭ
ųŰj ɉ ūɅK ^ĵũ J˯ ̜
Ůp Š ɻŰŔh ŴjŲk ˊǬ
j j j Ɍˁ
û hhh iiûğ h h h
i û ğ hh û k
i ň
j KĠ ŴjŲ jŷžjȯ ĺ
Ƹb
ŧȫb ÿŷļɆźŎ AJjıŦ ̝ `ź
p ŶŏŲ p ıƧ ŴjŲ
h hû h û iĠi i h Ģh hû h h h h
h ih l i h h
h ʼnłɜ
`źši Ʀ
= űŹǿ ĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹ ʼnłŏŦ ̞ ŴŽj
j Š ÿȔ AźšŪȯ
h h
ğ h h h i h h Ģhh h û mğ
h ʼnłɹů‹
Š
^ĵũ ̠ ŴŽj
şŲ `źȲŽ `= ƪɁ ōɀj Űķj? ƅj? ̟
j
h h h
ğ h h h i h ğh h h h i û Ģ h
h ʼnłɹů‹
Š
űû ɉ ^ĵũ ̡ ŴŽj
şŲ `źȲĻ ƅɁ ūɉ ĵŲ ōɀj Űķjıʑ
j
û
i h
h h Ŵjû Ųk يɻh ŰŔh ŴjŲ ÿŷi ļh Ūû Űh Ňh Ǭh hȼj ů ʼnh ł
i Ŏû hƁj k Ŵȱ
ıp Ƨ
=
g
p
h
ğ
h ğ h hû û i û h h
i û ğ
x ŁKh ū
`˯ ̣ űž
ŵjıŦ ĵŹŶjŲ FŋŇĭŦ ^ĵũ ̢ `ź
j
p ŶŏŲ
h m û hh k h h h
ğ h ûh h
k _j źû hŽ ǓŠ h ? Ĺh Ŷh šû Űɉ‹
ŋ
Şŵ
į
Ŧ
B
K
^ĵ
ũ
ŴŽj
Ȑ‹
ǓŠ j ? Ț
̤
ūžŰŠ
j
j
j
j
j
h
û
h
h ihûi ûh
h i h h ğ h h
h ŋŞŶ
_j źû hŽ ǓŠ j ? ̦ ŴɆ
j ųɉ‹ ŴjŲ ūŵjıŦ ^ĵũ ̥ `źĿšĸȬ _j źŽ
h ğhkhih hûhû h mh k h h h
i û
û û
j Űšû ųh ɉ‹ ĺ
Ǎj űû Źi ɉ Ǻ
Ɇj LƁ ƴj ȽɆźţ= ĵųjķ B
j ũźh ɉ‹
j K ^ĵũ ̧ _ź
hû
ğ
û h û iğh û i hh
h h
h
h
iűŹi Ŷjû Ų ]h Iĵ
j Ɓ‹
ĸjŠ ƅj? ̨ ǻšj Ʀ= űŹŶɆjźţƁb P˱
say, “Indeed, our sight(s) have been stupefieda; rather,
we are a people bewitched.” 16 And most surely, We
have made constellations in the sky and adorned it
to the beholders; 17 and We have preserved it from
every outcast devil, 18 except the one who eavesdrops
and is followed by an evident meteor. 19 And the
land—We spread it and cast firm mountains in it,
and We germinated therein of everything in proper
measure. 20 And We made livelihoods for youpl in
it, as well as for those for whom you are not the
providers. 21 For there is not a thing but with Us are
its treasuries, yet in no way do We bestow it from on
high except in a known measure. 22 And We sent the
windsb, fertilizing, then sent down water from the
sky and gave it to youpl to drink, and in no way are
you its keepers. 23 And indeed, We—surely, We—
give life and cause death, and We are the Inheritors.
And most surely We have known those of you who
24
passed away, and most surely We have known those
who come afterwards; 25 and indeed, it is yoursg Lord
Who herds themc together; indeed, He is All-Wise,
All-Knowing. 26 And most surely We created man
from potter’s clay, of fermented mud, 27 while We
created the unseen beingd before from the fire of
the searing wind. 28 And recall when yoursg Lord
said to the angels, “I am creating a human being
from potter’s clay, of fermented mud. 29 So when
I have formed him and breathed into him of My
spirit, fall down to him, prostrating.” 30 So the angels
prostrated themselves, all of them together— 31 but
not Iblise. He refused to be with those who prostrated
themselves. 32 He said, “O Iblise, what keeps you
from being with those who prostrate themselves?”
He said, “Never would I prostrate myself to a
33
human being whom You created from potter’s clay,
of fermented mud.” 34 He said, “Then get out of itf,
for indeed you are an outcast, 35 and indeed the curse
is upon you until the Day of Recompense.” 36 He
said, “My Lord, then reprieve me until the day they
are resurrected.” 37 He said, “Then, you are indeed
of the ones reprieved 38 until the Day of the Time
Appointed.” 39 He said, “My Lord, since You have
deluded me, I will most surely adorn for them (evil
Qa
Qb
c
d
e
f
Ibn Kathir read it as: “. . . have been blocked . . .”
Hamza and Khalaf read it as: “wind”.
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
The Arabic word used is jānn (the singular of jinn) which is an unseen being that is accountable for its actions.
Iblis is another name of Satan or Shaytan.
The Garden.
174
PART 14. THE STONE CITY
Surah 15- Al-Hijr
h h h h
ğ
h h û û
f jŪļh ŏû Ɋi ȇ
ğ h h Qf Š ɷh Ŕ
`j? ̪ űž
j AŊŠɪ ^ĵũ ̩ ǻŕj Űňųi ɉ‹
ğ
û
hh h h
h
h ğ
Ŵjh Ų ūšh ĸh ȩ‹ Ŵj Ųh ƅj? Ŵf Šɽh ŰŎi űû Źj žû ŰŠ ūɉ ōh ûɀů djIĵĸjh Š
h
h ğ h ğ
i
hûh i
h šƦ
h bĵŤh ûů‹
Ĺšh ĸû Ŏh ĵŹh ɉ ̬ ǻ
j = űû Ÿʼnji Šźû ųh ɉ űh ŶŹh Ł `˯ ̫ ŴɆ
j
û ğ
ki k hûh
ûğ xû i û iûk
ğ
h
f
h
i
i
Ǎj ǻjŪļųɉ‹ `j? ̭ _źŏŪŲ ;ŌŁ űŹŶjŲ Bĵ
p ķ Ȃj
p Š ʆķɁ
j ůB
û h
h i i û
h ŶŲj A;h ˈŠʄh ŏh ȵ ĵŸź
i i h Šɰğ Łh
ĵŲh ĵŶh ȭŌh ŵbh ̯ ǻj
p
g j ŰŇI‹ ̮ `ź
g žȭb ĺ
h
h
h ŰĸŠʂh ļh ŲĠ KǦ
i i ȇ
Š h ĵeŵŠʆh Ňû j ? Ůjk ţ Ŵjû Ųk űjŸKbʼni Ŕi Ǎj
ƅ ̰ ǻj
j
j
p
g
û i hûk i hh x h h h û i Ġ hh
h
ûIJĸk ȫø
h
h
̱ ǻŁ
j ŋňųjķ ĵŹŶjŲ űŸ ĵŲb Ķŕŵ ĵŹžjȯ űŹŏųȬ
j
h
h
h
i ŧi Ťh ûů‹ ĵhŵɁh ƭ
m Iĵĸjh Š
i ńŋɉ‹
ğ Kź
hźŸi ƪAŊŠh `ğ =bh ̲ űžj
m k j Ɂ dj
j
hû i h hû
û
h h û iû khh
û
h
û
h
i
Š
Jj? ̴ űžjŸɷķj? ťj žŗ ŴŠ űŹĴjȼŵb ̳ űȎj Ɓ‹ BAŊšů‹
ğ h h q h h l i hh ûh h l i h h
h i h û i
̵ `źŰŁ
j b űȲŶjŲ ĵŵj? ^ĵũ ĵųŠʄŎ AźɉĵŪȯ jŷžŰŠ AźŰŇI
h h
h i h i k hi ğ û h ûh h l i h
h
^ĵũ ̶ ˈžj
p ŰŠ ˈg Š ʄŤjķ ]Ǭj ȼŵ ĵŵj? ŮŁźĻ ƅ Aźɉĵũ
l i h
h i k hi h h ih û h ğ ğ h Ģhh
iû ğhh
i
ƴ
ŏ
Ų
Aźɉĵũ ̷ `bǬ
ȼ
Ļ
ű
ĸ
Ŧ
ǚj
ŭ
ů‹
ȇ
Țź
ų
ȩ
`
=
j
j
j ǬȵɁ
j
h h
h hû ğh
i h h h k hû
h śjŶŠʂh ûů‹ Ŵjh Ųk ŴȲ
ȵ
ŴŲh bh ^ĵũ ̸ ǻ
Ļ ƆŦ Ũj ơĭjķ ūŠɓǬ
j
ğ
h h h
h Ġ ğ
h û Kğ ŴjŲ ři Ŷh Ūû Ȭh
ĵųh ȯ ^ĵũ ̹ `źůĮŘɉ‹ ƅj? mĀjŷj Ʌk Kh Ĺj Ƨ
h i
h h m û i mğ l i h
h i û
h
ˉp źû ũ ǓŠ j ? ĵŶh ŰjŎKû = ĵȫj? Aźm ɉĵũ ̺ `źŰŎh ŋû ųi ɉ‹ ĵŹh ȬĠ Ɂ űû Ȳĸi śû Ň
ğ
i h mğ
hûh i Ġ h h ğ
h ûĠ
h šƦ
ƅj? ̼ ǻ
j = űû ŸźłŶųi ɉ ĵŵj? Qg źɉ ^A;h ƅj? ̻ ǻjŲŋj ƣ
h û
i h mh ğhh
h ǚŠʀh ů‹û Ŵh ųj h ɉ ĵŹh ȫğ ? m ĵhŵKû ʼnğ hũ ÿŷi hĻɁŋh Ɋ‹
Qź
g ɉ ^A;h ;h ĵŁ ĵųŰŦ ̽ ŴɆ
j
jj
ûh l i h
h i h Ġ x ûh û i ğ h h
h i û
Ůķ Aźɉĵũ ̿ `bŋŭŶŲ _źũ űȲŵj? ^ĵũ ̾ `źŰŎh ŋû ųi ɉ‹
l i h h h hû
ğ
h ih û h
h Šh ûh hh
hû ķ ū
ɰ
ž
ȩ
Ɂ
b
ĵŵ˯ Ũj k ơĭ
̀
`b
Ǜ
ų
Ȭ
j
ŷ
žj
ȯ
Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ ūŠɰĴŁ
j
j
h
h
ğ
h i Šh h
ğ
h û
û įhŦ ́ `ź
şû j ĸĻ‹bh Ůj ûȎ‹ Ŵjh Ųk şp śû jŪjķ ūj ŰŸįjķ Ǧ
ũjʼnɻů
j
h
h
l
û
i
i û h x h û i
û ŧļh ŰhŽ ƅbh űû Ÿi ŋh Š ɐh Iû h=
Ľžû ńh AźŘɊ‹
b ʼnń= űȲŶjŲ ĺ
j
m h i Ģ h h h ğ h h û h û h Šh û h m h û h h h
h
ûi
;j ƅİʧ ŋjķAI `= ŋɊƁ‹ ūj ɉə jŷȎj? ĵŶžŘũb ͂ `bŋi Ɋh İĻ
x iûh
h i ûh ûh h hû iû h hm h h
h ĸŕû ŲĠ Sź
śŪŲ
`bǬ
j ȼļŏȹ jĹŶŽjʼnųɉ‹ ŮŸ= ;ĵŁb ̓ ǻŅ
j j
h
l
h
m
h
h
iĢh ğ
i h ûh h û h
h ğ AźŪi ȩ‹ğ bh ͅ `źŅ
Ĭ‹
`j? ^ĵũ ̈́
j Řŧȩ ƆŦ Ǐj žŗ ;j ƅİʧ
on earth, and I will most surely delude them
all, 40 except for Your sincere chosena servants among
them.” 41 He said, “This is a straight path which is
binding on Meb: 42 over My servants yousg have no
authority indeed, except for those who follow you of
the deluded ones. 43 And indeed, Hell is the meeting
place for them all. 44 It has seven gates; for each gate
is an assigned class.” 45 Indeed, the mindful (of God)
are amid Gardens and springs. 46 “Enter it in peace,
feeling safe.” 47 And We removedc whatever malice
was within their chests—as brethren, on couches
facing each other. 48 No fatigue touchesd them therein,
nor from it will they ever be brought out. 49 Informsg
My servants that I—only I—am the Oft-Forgiving,
the Bestower of mercy, 50 and that My punishment is
the painful punishment. 51 And inform them of the
guests of Abraham, 52 when they entered upon him
and said, “Peace.” He said, “We are truly scared of
you.” 53 They said, “Do not be scared; we bring yousg
glad tidings of a knowledgeable boy.” 54 He said, “Have
you brought me glad tidings when old age has touched
me? So what glad tidings could you givee?” 55 They
said, “We brought you true glad tidings, so be not of
the despairing ones.” 56 He said, “And who despairs of
his Lord’s mercy except for thosef astray?” 57 He said,
“So what is your business, O emissaries?” 58 They
said, “We have been sent to a people of criminals, 59
except for Lot’s folk; we will most surely deliverg them
all, 60 except for his wife.” We have determined that
she will most surely be of those who linger behind. 61
So when the emissaries came to Lot’s folk, 62 he said,
“You are an unknown people.” 63 They said, “Rather,
we have come to yousg with that about which they were
skeptical, 64 and we have brought you the truth, and
very truly we are truthful. 65 So journey with your
family at the latter part of the night and follow at their
rear, and let none of you turn around, and proceedpl
wherever youpl are commanded.” 66 And We decreed
to him that matter: that the last trace of these would
be uprooted by the morning. 67 And the people of
the town came anticipating glad tidings. 68 He said,
“Indeed, these are my guests, so do not embarrass me,
deeds)
ʻAmr, Ibn ʻAmer and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . except for Your sincere servants . . .”
Ibn Kathir, Abu
Yaʻqub read it as: “This is a high, straight path.”
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
d
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
Qe
Nafieʻ and Ibn Kathir read it as: “. . . could you give me?”
f
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
Qg
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “. . . we will most surely save them all . . .”
Qa
Qb
175
PART 14. THE STONE CITY
Surah 15- Al-Hijr
h h ûh ûh hh lmi h
h ųhۊɿh ûů‹ ŴŠh ū
iûi hh
͇ǻ
ŹŶȫ űɉb= Aźɉĵũ ͆ `b
j
j Ōƛ ƅb
j
h
ğ
hh mhiĢh
h ŰšŠɤh űû ļŶ
i Ŭi `? ƫĵ
űû Źi ȫj? ]h ŋi ųû šh ů ͈ ǻj
j
j m j ŶȨ ;j ƅİʧ
h ihûh û hû h
ğ űi Źi ȩû Ŋh Ňh hįhŦ ͉ `ź
h ȰǬû Ɋi Ĺi Ņ
h žû ŕɉ‹
͊ ǻj
ŹųšȬ űŹj j ĻŋŭŎ
j
h
h
h
h û h h
qh h
h h
łjń űû Źj žû ŰŠ ĵŵŋû śh Ųû =bh ĵŹh Űj ŦĵŎh ĵŹh žjh ۊɢ ĵŶh Űšh ł
ŴjŲk CKĵ
Ŧ
û
k
ğ
ğ
h
h h
k
h ųŎj k źh ļh ųi Űj ů ĺŠɔ˗
ĵŹh ȫ˯ ͌ ǻ
ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? ͋ Ůž
j
p
j Ŏ
g łj
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ků Ĺq hŽ˗ ūjh ɉŠəh Ǎ `ğ ? ͍ ˈžŪŲĠ Ůžȼŏh ȼhů
`˯ ͎ ǻj
j j
g j p j j
h
û
h
hh h
h û
h Ŕû h= `h ǽh
h ųjۊɾh ů Ĺj Ȳ
i Šɳ
űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ĵŶh ųû Ūļŵĭ
Ŧ ͏ ǻ
ŽƁ‹ Ķ
j
û i h û h h ğ h û hhh
û
Ġ h h h iğ
ŋj łj ơ‹ ĶŠɳŔ= BŊŬ ʼnŪůb ͐ ǻ
p j ĸŲ ˉp ĵŲjıjȊ ĵųŹȫ˯
h ŗŋšû Ųi ĵŹh Ŷû ȭh l AźiŵǾh hŦ ĵŶh ļŠɔAh ;h űû Źi Šɰh žû ȩAh ;h bh ͑ ǻj
h ŰŎh ŋû ųi û ɉ‹
͒ǻ
j j
j
û h h i ûh l i hh
ûh h hh
h ŶŲj A;h ĵeĻźži Ȩi ^ĵĸh Ơ‹
űi Źi ȩŊŇįŦ ͓ ǻj
j ŶȬ AźŵȢb
j j ŴjŲ `źļŅ
h
l i h ğ iûh h û mhh
ğ
h Ņĸŕû Ɋi Ĺi Ņ
h žû ŕɉ‹
Š Ȯ= ĵųȯ ͔ ǻ
Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹŶȭ ƴ
j j
m h i hûh h h h h û h hŠh ğ h ûh h h h
h
û
ĵųŹŶɀķ ĵŲb P˱Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆʅŏɉ‹ ĵŶŪŰŇ ĵŲb ͕ `źĸi jŏȲhŽ
h hû h û ğ
hh ğ ğ
h û h x h
h û ķ ƅğ j ?
Ůžųj Ơ‹
Ńŧŕɉ‹ jŃŧŔĭ
Ŧ ð Ĺžjȩ˗ ĹŠĵŏɉ‹
`˯ ˍŨj k ơĭ
j
û
û
h
ğ
ğ
h
h
h
h
h źh Ÿi ūɅğ Kh `? ͖
i Űšh ů‹ Ũi Š ʄƢ‹
ĵšq ĸû Ŏh ūŠɰh žû ȩA;h ʼnû Ūůbh ͗ űžj
j
hŠ h û h û h ğ ğ i h h
û
û
û
h
i
h
h Şj šh ů‹ `A;h ŋû Ūů‹bh ƭĵĿųh ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ųk
Ǔj? ūžȿžȭ `ʼnųȩ ƅ ͘ űž
j
û û h û ûh h û h ûh h h û i û k q Šh û h m
Ŗŧj ҋb űŹj žŰŠ `Ōƕ ƅb űŹŶjŲ ĵŁɩL= Ājŷjķ ĵŶh šû ļğ Ųh ĵŲh
h k ûih
h h hh
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ɉ ū
i ĸųi û ɉ‹ ŋŽj
i Ŋğȍ‹ ĵhŵɁ ƭ
m j j ? Ůũb ͙ ǻj
ńĵŶŁ
͚ǻ
j
h
h
ğ
û
û
h iû l i
h ų jŏhȽŪû ųi ɉ‹ ȇh ĵhȍŌŵ
h = m ĵųh Ŭh
h ȑ‹ ͛ ǻ
`A;h ŋû Ūů‹ AźŰšh Łh ŴŽj
j
l i h ğ h
hû h ğh h û hh h k h
h šƦ
h Š
Aźŵǽ ĵųȭ ͝ ǻ
j = űû Źi ŶŰnZŏȿů ūjɅKh źh Ŧ ͜ ǻŘj
j
h
û
i
û h û h
h hûh
h j ȡǬû ųi ɉ‹ ŴŠh Pû ŋŠû =bh ŋi Ɋh İû iĻ ĵųh ķ S
ǻ
j ʼnŔĭŦ ͞ `źŰųšȬ
j
j
j
h i ûh h ğ
ğ
h Šh û h h ğ
h ;ŌŹû ļh ŏû ųi û ɉ‹ ū
ɰžŧŬ ĵŵj? ͟
ȑ‹ ͠ ŴŽj
jĬ‹ şh Ųh `źŰšh ƒ ŴŽj
j
h
h
h
h
h
h
h h
h
h ğ i ûh û h h
i ŘhŽ ū
Ũž
ŵɁ űŰšȫ ʼnŪůb ͡ `źųi Űšû Ȭh [źû ŏh Ŧ ô ŋh ŇA;h ĵŹe Š ɧj?
j
i h
h
h i i
Ŵjh Ųk Ŵȡbh ūjɅk Kh ʼnj ųû hƔj Ńû j ĸk ŏh Ŧ ͢ `źɉźŪȬh ĵųh j ķ ]h Ki ʼnû Ŕh
û h h ûh ğ h h ğh û i û h
ğ
i
h ʼnłɹů‹
h
Š ń ūɅK ʼnĸȭ‹b ͣ ŴŽj
ͤ ǻjŪȎ‹ ūžjȩįŽ Ʋ
j Š
h h
^ĵũ
h
Ǐj ů
and be mindful of Allah and do not disgrace me.”
They said, “Did we not forbid yousg from (receiving)
70
any peoplea?” 71 He said, “These are my daughters, if
you must.” 72 By yoursg life, in their drunkenness they
certainly do blunder! 73 So the Shout took them away
at sunrise. 74 And We turned it upside down and rained
down upon them stones of hard clay. 75 Indeed, in that
are certainly signs for those who contemplate. 76 And
indeed, itb is certainly on an existing way. 77 Indeed, in
that is certainly a sign for the believers. 78 And indeed,
the fellows of the Thicket were certainly unjust, 79 so
We took retribution on them, and indeed, both are
certainly in an evident archive. 80 And most surely,
the fellows of Al-Hijrc disbelieved the emissaries. 81 So
We brought them Our signs, but they used to disregard
them. 82 And of the mountains they used to carve
homes, feeling safe. 83 But the Shout took them away
by the morning, 84 so all what they used to earn was of
no avail to them. 85 And We did not create the heavens
and the earth and whatever lies between them except
with the truthd. And indeed, the Hour is coming, so
pardonsg (with) gracious pardoning. 86 Indeed, yoursg
Lord is the One Who is the All-Creating, the AllKnowing. 87 And most surely, We have brought yousg
seven of the oft-repeatede and the great Recitalf. 88 Dosg
not look longingly at the good things We have given
some classes of them to enjoy, and do not grieve over
themg, and lower your wingh towards the believers.
And say, “Indeed, it is I—I who am the evident
89
warner.” 90 So too did We send down to those who
divide among themselves— 91 those who have made
the Recitalf into fragments. 92 So by yoursg Lord, We
will surely ask them all 93 about what they used to do.
So proclaimsg openly what you are commanded and
94
disregard the polytheists. 95 Indeed, We have sufficed
yousg against the mockers: 96 those who set up another
god with Allah. So they will come to know. 97 And
most surely We are aware that yoursg chest tightens
with what they say. 98 So exalt your Lord with praise
and be of those who prostrate, 99 and worship your
Lord until Certitudei comes to you.
69
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
The Arabic word used is al-alameen which means ‘all realms’ or
‘all communities’.
The ruins of the cities of the people of Lot.
Al-Hijr means the stone city which is located in northern Arabia and was inhabited by the people of Thamûd.
According to Ibn ʻAshour and other exegetes, ‘with the truth’ means ‘for a purpose’.
The seven signs of the first surah.
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
The deniers.
An expression that implies showing compassion.
According to Salem Ibn ‘Abdullah and other exegetes this means death.
176
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
û
ğ Ci Kź
h Ŏi ˺˿
Ůj ŅȍA
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
16. The Bees
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
h Šh Šh h h i h Š h û i i i û h û h h h ğ i û h Ģ h h
ĵųğ ȭ ǔ
ɿĻb ÿŷŶɳĸŎ ôaźŰł
j šļŏȶ ƆŦ jĬ‹ ŋɊ= ƫɁ
h
h
h Ģh hû ikh i
h i ûi
Ġ ķ Ĺh ŭ
Š h Āj aŋɊû = Ŵjû Ų Gb
j
ŴŲh ȇ
ŋɉĭ
Ɍ
ˁ
ų
ɉ‹
^
̂
ǣ
Ȭ
`ź
ȡǬ
j
j
j
j ȹ
j
h
h
h
h
ğ
h
l
m
m
ú
h
û
iğ h h
h
iğ m i
h û im hh
`ź
j ŪȩĭŦ ĵŵɁ ƅj? ŷŠɧj? ƅ ÿŷŵɁ AbKjŊŵ= `= mĀj ajIĵĸjŠ ŴjŲ ;ĵŒȹ
h i û i ğ h Šh Š h h k hû
h h û h ŠhŠh ğ h h h
`źȡǬ
ȹ
ĵ
ų
ȭ
ǔ
ɿ
Ļ
Ũ
ơĭ
ķ
P˱
Ɓ‹b D
j ʆʅŏɉ‹ ŨŰŇ ̃
ˏ
j
j
j
û hh h
x ĸŲĠ űž
x ŕj Ňh źh Ÿi AJh ıhŦ pĹŧh śû ȫĠ ŴjŲ Ŵh ɹȸ
Š h ƃ‹
̅ǻ
j
j
j ŨŰŇ ̄
i h ðĵ h h h h h Š h û h û h
hĵŹŶjû Ųbh şi jŧŠɰh Ųh bh x;[jû I ĵŹžj
h ȯ űû Ȳ
ů ŹŪŰŇ űɿŵƁ‹b
f
h i i ûh
h i i h
h h û i hh
h
hǻjńbh `ź
ŅɆjŋĻ ǻjń ^ĵƦ ĵŹžjȯ űȲůb ̆ `źŰȱįĻ
l i i h û ğ h h Šh û i h h û h i û h h
h i h ûh
AźŵźȲĻ űů Ȓ
ȶ
p ķ Ǔj? űȲůĵŪȪɁ Ůųj ƕb ̇ `źńǪ
h
ğ
x i hh û i ğ h ğ
i û k
h
x ńKğ [b
̈ űžj
;ŋɉ űȲɅK `j? ō
ˏ j ŧŵƁ‹ Ũj jŒjȵ ƅj? jŷžŤj j ۊɐ
h
i û
q h h h i h û h h hû h h h û h h û hû h
ƅ ĵŲh Ũi ŰňɆh bh ô ĹŶɆ
jLb ĵŸźĸŬǛj ů Ǟųj ơ‹b ^ĵŤjȊ‹b ŮžƢ‹b
h
m
h ihûh
ğ i û h ğ hh h
źû ɉbh ô ŋx j ɋĵŁh ĵŹh Ŷjû Ųbh Ůž
j j ȼŏɉ‹ ʼnŕũ jĬ‹ ȇb ̉ `źųŰšȩ
m ğ h hh h m ğ hi
hûh i h h m h
h šƦ
;j ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ ^Ōŵ= djȑ‹ źŸ ̊ ǻ
j = űû ȲŠƊʼnŹh ɉ ;h ĵő
h i i
x h h i û k i ğ qm h
h őh ŷi Ŷjû Ųbh BA
Ǩ ŷŶjŲ űȲů ð ;ĵŲ
̋ `źųž
jŏȶ jŷžjȯ ŋx ł
h
û
h ğ h h iûğ h h û ğ
i h i i
h Šɰh Šû Ɓ‹bh Ůž
ň
Ķ
j ȍ‹b `źļɆŌɉ‹b SKŌɉ‹ jŷjķ űȲů ĺ
j ĸ ˪Ž
ğ
hk q
h ğ h
h h
h ğ k i ŴjŲbh
̌ `bŋi ŭŧļh Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĹhŽ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? D
ˏ j Š ɷųh Ȍ‹ ȁ
j
ğ h h hğ h hûğ i i h h ğ h h
i_źłi Ġȍ‹bh ð ŋh ųh Ūh ûů‹bh ōh ųû Œɉ‹
b KĵŹȍ‹b ŮȎ‹ űȲů ŋňŎb
k
ğ
h
h i
h h h
û h üi h ğ h i
̍ `źŰŪj šû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĺ
p Š ɔ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? Ājm ôaŋj Ɋįjķ DŠɷňŏɊ
hû
q
ğ
i ûh e ûi
h h
i h hhh h h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû Ȳ
ĹhŽ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? ÿm ô ŷi ŵŠʆh ůɁ ĵŧj Űļh ƥ P˱
ů =KJ ĵŲb
û
ğ
û
ğ
l
i
h i ğh û hk
i
û hȊ‹ ŋh ňğ Ŏh djȑ‹ źh Ÿi bh ̎ `b
ŋŬŊŽ ˉp źŪj ů
ŷi Ŷjû Ų AźŰȱįh jȋ ŋh Ņ
û
û
l
û h q
h
h
h q
ûh
cŋh Ļbh ðĵŹh ȫźŏi hȼŰĻ Ĺžh Űjń ŷi Ŷjû Ų AźŁi ŋj ňļh ŏû ȶbh ĵɆk ŋj Śh ĵųq ơ
l i
û h
h û iû
i ğ h
űû ȲŰšh ůbh ĀjŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ AźŤļh ûȼh jȋbh jŷžjȯ ŋjh ŇAźh Ɋh ūŰŧů‹
Allah’s command has come, so dopl not rush it.
1
Highly Exalted is He, and Most High above what
theya associate (with Him). 2 He bestowsb the angels
from on high with the Spirit by His command upon
whom He wills of His servants: “Givepl warning
that there is no god but Me, so be mindful of Me.”
He created the heavens and the earth with truth.
3
Most High is He above what they associate (with
Him). 4 He created man from a sperm-drop, yet he
becomes an evident adversary! 5 And livestock—
He created them for youpl. In them are warmth and
benefits for you, and of them you eat. 6 And there is
beauty in them for you when you drive them home
and when you drive them to pasture. 7 And they
carry your heavy burdens to a land you could not
have reached without great hardship to yourselves;
indeed, your Lord is truly Compassionate,
Bestowing of mercy. 8 And horses and mules and
donkeys—that you may ride them, and as an
adornment; and He creates what you do not know.
And it is upon Allah to point out the way, but some
9
of themc are crooked. And had He willed, He would
surely have guided you all. 10 It is He Who sent
down to you from the sky water from which is a
drink for you and from which are trees where you
pasture. 11 With it He germinatesd for you vegetation
and olives and date-palms and grapevines and of
all products. Indeed, in that is a sign for people who
reflect. 12 And He has subjected to you the night and
the day and the sune and the moon. And the stars
are subjected by His command. Indeed, in that are
signs for people who reason. 13 And (He has subjected)
whatever He has scattered for you in the earth of
varying colors. Indeed, in that is a sign for people
who constantly remember. 14 And He is the One
Who subjected the sea, that you may eat from it
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i
and Khalaf read it as: “. . . what you associate . . .”
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Roways read it as: “He sends down the angels with the Spirit . . .”
Rouh read it as: “The angels are bestowed from on high with the Spirit . . .”
c
The ways.
Qd
Shuʻba read it as: “With it We germinate for you . . .”
Qe
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . the night and the day. And the sun and the moon and the stars are subjected . . .”
All except for Hafs and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . the night and the day and the sun and the moon and the stars—(all)
subjected . . .”
Qa
pl
Qb
177
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
hû
ûh
h i i ûh
i
h ųhĻ `h= ƽ
h j Š ɩh Kh P˱
Š h ůɁbh ̏ `b
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ǐ
űû Ȳjķ ʼnž
ŋŭŒȶ
j
q
h i h û h û i ğ h ğ i i h qŠhû hh
û ȍĭ
ğ Ʌbh ĺŠʅh Š ʄh Šh bh ̐ `b
űj ł
ʼnļŹȩ űȲŰšů ƆĸŎb ˊŋʇŵɁb
p
ˏ
j
h
ğ
hh
h
iûh
iûh
hh
h
i
ƆŦ= ô Ũi Űƞ ƅ Ŵųh Ŭ Ũi Űƞ Ŵųh ȯ= ̑ `bʼni ļh Źû Ȭh űû Ÿ
h ğ hh
h i ûi h ğ h h û l Ġ i h
h ğ `ğ ? ñm ĵŸź
Ĭ‹
ŕƕ ƅ jĬ‹ Ĺųšj ŵ Abʼnšȩ `˯ ̒ `bŋi ŬŊĻ
j
h
h Ġ i h ihûh iğ h
i
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ťh hů
̔ `źŶji Űšû ȩ ĵŲh bh `bǪ
j ȶ ĵŲ űŰšȬ Ĭ‹b ̓ űžj
h i ûh h ğ h
i q h h iiûh h ğ
i
űû Ÿbh ĵnZžû ő `źŪŰƞ ƅ jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ `źŠʼnŽ ŴŽjȑ‹b
m h iû h f hûh
û
h ihûi
h h h
`ĵğŽɁ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ĵŲh bh ˌ;p ĵžh ńû = Ǟ
Ȯ DŠʆŲ= ̕ `źŪŰƞ
h
h ihûi
û h h ğ h x Š h x Šh û i i Šh
`źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
ȑĭŦ ʼnj
ô ńɩ ŷɧj? űȲŹɧj? ̖ `źĿšĸȬ
ğh hh h h
h i û h û Ġ ih xh Ġ ii ii h
`= _ŋŁ ƅ ̗ `bǚ
j ŭļŏŲ űŸb CŋjŭŶŲ űŹɅźŰũ j CŋjŇ˖ĭjķ
h i ûi hh h Ġ i h ihûh hğ
Ġ Ƙi ƅh ÿŷi ğŵ? `ź
Ķj
j ô Ŷj ŰšȬ ĵŲb `bǪj ȹ ĵŲ űŰšȬ Ĭ‹
lmi h û i Ġ h hh h mh ğ ih h h
û h û iû
h ǚŭ
Aźɉĵũ űȲɅK ^Ōŵ= AJĵŲ űŹɉ ŮžjȰ AJ˯ ̘ ŴɆ
j j ļŏųɉ‹
hû i hh
h l i û
û
qh h i
h ůbğ Ɓ‹
hȎj ̙ ǻj
Š =
jĹųh Šɱh Ūj ů‹ _h źû hŽ ĹŰjɊǽ űû ŸKAh Lh bû = Aźm Űųj Ņ
Ǟśj ɜ
h
h
h û
m
ûh
i h Ġ j iŽ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ğ KALh bû = Ŵjû Ųbh
ĵŲh ;h ĵŎh ƅɁ ˈ
ˍg ŰjŠ Ǟ
j Ťjķ űŹȫźŰŘ
j
h
ğ
h
h
h
h
h
h i h
ğ
i ƫɂŦ űû ŹjŰĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
h ȑ‹ ŋh ŭŲh ʼnû ũ ̚ `b
KŌj Ž
űŹi Ŷh Šɱh Ŷû Ȩi Ĭ‹
j
h
h
i û ğ i ûh h ğ h h
hû
h
űi Źi Š ƋĻɁbh űû Źj j ũźû Ŧ ŴjŲ ťŪŏɉ‹
űŹj žŰŠ ŋňŦ ʼnj Šj Aźh Ūů‹ Ŵjh Ųk
û
i
û h i
h
i Ŋh šh ûů‹
jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ űğ Ȫ ̛ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ƅ Ľžû ńh Ŵjû Ų BA
h ĠĢ hi û i i h ğ h mhh i h ûh i ihh û ûi
űô û Źj žjȯ `źŪʷ
ȶ űļŶŬ ŴŽjȑ‹ dj;ȢǨ ŴȬɁ ^źŪɆb űŹj ɆŌj ƞ
hh hm Ġ h h ûhû h û û ğ h û û l i i h ğ h h
ȇ ;źŏɉ‹b _źȎ‹ dŌjƢ‹ `j? űŰjšů‹ AźĻb= ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵũ
h û
i h m h i h Ģh hû i iŠ ğh hh h ğ
h ŋjŧŠʃ
ů‹
ɉ
ĵ
ŝ
Ĺ
ŭ
Ɍ
ˁ
ų
ɉ‹
ű
Ź
Ƌ
Ŧ
ź
ļ
ȩ
ŴŽj
ȑ‹
ŴɆ
̜
ðűû Źj jŏŧŵ= ǖj
j
j
j
h
l
û
i
h
hh m i
ihûh ğ h h ğ
h h
h ğ `ğ ? ǔ
i ŰŠh Ĭ‹
ü űžj
j ô Ģ ķ ģô ;źŎ ŴjŲ Ůųšȫ ĵŶŬ ĵŲ űŰŏɉ‹ Aźi ŪůɂŦ
h
h i h i i h
û h
h Ȓj Š ɗh űh Ŷğ Źh Łh Bh Š ʆh ûķɁ l Aźm iŰŇi Iĭ
Ŭ ĵųjķ
ŴŽj
Ŧ ̝ `źŰųh šû ȩ űû ļŶ
û
lû hğ h ğ h h
h
h
h ȯ
h ǚk ŭļh ųi ɉ‹ cźh Ŀû Ųh ōh Ȼû ĸŰhŦ ðĵŹžj
AźŪȩ‹ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ŮžjȰbø ̞ ŴɆ
j
jj
h
l
h
i Ġh hh h mh h
q û Ňh l Aźiɉĵhũ űû Ȳ
h ȓjğ ků ñˊǞ
j aŊj Šɪ Ǎj AźŶi ŏh ńû = ŴŽj
= AJĵŲ
ô ɅK ^Ōŵ
h
û
h
x
h Ūļğ ųi ɉ‹ KAi Ih űh šjû ȍbh xǞû Ňh j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ KAi Ȑh bh ô ĹŶh ŏh ńh ĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
Ġ
̟ǻ
j
ô
tender meat and extract from it ornaments that you
wear. And you see the ships plowing through it, and
(all this) so that you may seek of His bounties, and
that you may give thanks. 15 And He cast firm
mountains into the earth lest it sway with you, and
rivers and ways, that you may be guided. 16 And
landmarksa, and by the star they are guided. 17 Is
One Who creates like one who does not create?
Will you never remind yourselvesb? 18 And if youpl
were to count the blessings of Allah, you would not
be able to enumerate them. Indeed, Allah is
certainly Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 19
And Allah knows whatever you keep secret and
whatever you make public. 20 Yet those theyc call
upon apart from Allah create nothing, while they
(themselves) are created. 21 (They are, in fact) dead, not
alive, and they are unaware of when they will be
resurrected. 22 Your pl God is one God. Therefore,
those who do not believe in the Hereafter—their
hearts are in denial and they act arrogantly. 23
Without doubt, Allah knows whatever they keep
secret and whatever they make public; indeed, He
does not like those who act arrogantly. 24 And when
it is said to them, “What has your Lord sent down?”
They say, “Legends of the ancients.” 25 Let them
carry their burdens, complete, on the Day of
Resurrection, and some of the burdens of those they
lead astray without knowledge. Undoubtedly, evil
is what they bear. 26 Those before them did scheme,
but Allah struck at the very foundations of their
building, so the roof collapsed upon them from
above them, and the punishment came upon them
from where they were unaware. 27 Then, on the Day
of Resurrection, He disgraces them and says,
“Where are My associates for whose sake you used
to oppose d (the believers)? Those who were given
knowledge saide, “Today disgrace and misery are
indeed upon the deniers 28 whom the angels take at
death while they are unjust to themselves.” Then
they offered submissionf: “We were doing no evil.”
Yes! Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of what youpl
used to do. 29 Thus enter the gates of Hell, abiding
For guidance during the day.
Qb
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Will you not constantly remember?”
Qc
All except for ʻAsem and Yaʻqub read it as: “Yet those youpl call upon . . .”
Qd
Nafieʻ read it as: “. . . for whose sake you used to oppose Me?”
e
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
f
After death.
a
178
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
h ûh û
ûh
ûh h i i
h i Šğ h
űû Źi ɉ ð ŋi Š ʇh ŵƁ‹ ĵŹh j ļƕ ŴjŲ dŋj Ə ĵŹh ȫźŰŇʼnû hŽ `p ʼnû Š ĺ
ɰŁ
ğ
û
h m hh h h
h Ūļğ ųi ɉ‹ Ĭ‹
i ğ dŌûƒh ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh `b
h ȑ‹ ̠ ǻ
ȯ
ŴŽj
j
ô ;i ĵŒȹ ĵŲ ĵŹžj
j
l i i û i i û h h f Šh h h i i h h k h i h h h û i i Š ğ h h h
Ģ ųɉ‹ űŹƋŦźļȩ
AźŰŇI‹ űȲžŰŠ űʄŎ `źɉźŪȬ ǻjȼjžŚ ĹŭjɌˁ
ûh h m ğ h i ûh
h i h i i h h ğ hû
űi Źi žjh ȩįĻ `= ƅj ? `bŋi ŞŶhŽ ŮŸ ̡ `źŰųh šû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ ĵųjķ ĹŶƠ‹
û
h
ğ
h
h k h û h h ûh i h Ģh hû
h ȑ‹ Ůh šh ȯh ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭ ū
ŴjŲ ŴŽj
ô j ɅK ŋi Ɋ= ƫ
j įŽ b= ĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹
h
l
h
û
h
i
i h
i ğ űi Źi ųh hŰŝh ĵŲh bh űû ŹjŰĸû Ȱh
`źųji ŰŞȬh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= Aźm ŵǽ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh Ĭ‹
ô j
l i h ğ
l
i
h
h
i nZh žk Ŏh űû Źi Ȩĵ
h Ŕh hįhŦ ̢
Ājŷjķ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹj j ķ \ĵńh bh AźŰųj Š ĵŲh Dĵ
j
h û h h h iğ hm h ûh l i h û h h ğ h h h
h
ĵŵʼnĸȭ ĵŲ Ĭ‹ ;ĵő źɉ AźȡǨ= ŴŽjȑ‹ ^ĵũb ̣ `b;i Ōj Źû ļh ŏû h ȹ
h him m h
ûğ û h
i
ŴjŲ ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲ
ŴjŲ ĵŶh Ųû ŋğ ńh ƅbh ĵŵ>ĵhķA;h ƅbh Ŵi Ɨ p;ƾ
hh û h
h
h ȑ‹ğ Ůh šh ȯh ūjh ɉŠɶh Ŭh ˏ ;p ƾ
û h ŴjŲ ĀjŷjŵbIi
ȇ ŮŹh ȯ űô û Źj j Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ŴŽj
i ki
e
hûhh û hhh
i iû i hhû ğ i Ġ
ƅźŎi Kğ Ĺp Ųğ = ȁ
j Ǎj ĵŶĿšȨ ʼnŪůb ̤ ǻjĸųɉ‹ ފʄȊ‹ ƅj? Ůj Ŏŋɉ‹
h iŠ ğ l i hû h hğ l iiû h
i ğ cʼnh Ÿh Ŵû Ųğ űŹi Ŷû ųj hŦ ðDź
Ĭ‹
Ťɽů‹ AźĸjȿļŁ‹b Ĭ‹ Abʼnĸȭ‹ `j =
hû
l i h i h Šh ğ
hh û ğh û ğ iû h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj AbǞjŏ
P˱
Ŧ ô ĹŰʄŘɉ‹ jŷžû ŰŠ ĺ
Ūń ŴŲ űŹŶjŲb
h iû ih h h h hûh l i i h
h ȨjŊk ŭ
Š h h Oû ŋûƕh `j? ̥ ǻ
ȇ
j ųɉ‹ ĹĸjŪŠ ɢ `ǽ ťžŬ AbŋŞŵĭŦ
j
h
Ġ i h
û h h ğ `ğ ıhŦ űû Źi Š Ɗʼnh Ÿi
ŴjŲk űŹi ɉ ĵŲh bh ð ŮŘ
j Ž ŴŲ djʼnŹȬh ƅ Ĭ‹
j
ğ
ği
i h û h h û Šh ûh h û h ğ l i h ûhh
h Dz
Ĭ‹ ĽšĸȬ ƅ űŹj j ŶʅŽɁ ʼnŹŁ jĬĭjķ Aźųŏũ=b ̦ ŴɆ
j j Šɓ
û h ğ Š h h kq h û h h e û h Š h h i i h h
hhȱ
ğ ǜ
j ȍ‹
Mĵ
= ŴȲ
j ɧb ĵŪń jŷžŰŠ AʼnŠb ǔķ ôDźųȬ ŴŲ
ğ
h hkhi
h h h
h i ûh
h ihûh h
űh Űšû Ȏ
j b jŷžjȯ `źŧj Űļh ƞ djȑ‹ űi Źi ɉ ǻ
ȼ
Ȏ
j
̧
`ź
ųŰšȬ ƅ
j
h
l
l
i
i h û iğ m ihh h ğ
h
h ȨjŊŠɦ
û h ɉ ĵhȍźû hũ ĵųh ȫğ j ? ̨ ǻ
;g ǀj
Aź
ŵǽ űŹȫɁ Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹
j
h h iğ h hû h mh
l i h h h ğ h
i i h i
AbŋŁĵŸ ŴŽjȑ‹b ̩ `źŭžh ȯ Ŵȱ ÿȔi ^źŪȫ `= ŷi ŠɓIKh = AJj?
q
ûĠ
h h l i
ğ
ð ĹŶh ŏh ńh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj űû Źi Ŷğ ȧjźk ĸh iȍ Aźųji Űŝ ĵŲh ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj jĬ‹ Ǎj
hh
l ih h h ğ
h h l i h h ih û h h
AbǚŔ ŴŽjȑ‹ ̪ `źųi Űšû Ȭh Aźŵǽ źû ɉ ôǚ
ȱ= j CŋjŇ˖‹ ŋi Łû Ɓbh
ğ h h
q
û h m
h iğ
Š h h bh
ƅĵŁh jK ƅj? ūj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ĵŶh ŰŎh Kû = ĵŲh bh ̫ `źȣźh ļh Ȭh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh ȇ
û k h û h lm i h û h û ûh m Ġ
h ihûh h ûi i
j ŵ
̬ `źųŰšȩ ƅ űļŶŬ `j? ŋj Ŭjȑ‹ ŮŸ= AźŰnZŏŦ ðűŹj Ȏj? Ƹź
therein.” And how miserable is the dwelling of the
arrogant! 30 And it was said to those who were
mindful (of God), “What did your Lord send down?”
They said, “(All that is) good.” To those who have
excelled in doing good in this Earlier (Life) is
goodness, and the Home of the Hereafter is even
better. And indeed, how excellent is the home of the
people who are mindful (of God): 31 Gardens of
Perpetuity which they enter, beneath which rivers
flow; therein they have whatever they desire. Thus
Allah rewards the mindfulpl (of Him): 32 those whom
the angels take up (at death) while they are goodly,
saying, “Peace be upon you; enter the Garden (of
Paradise) on account of what you used to do.” 33 Are
they but waiting for the angels to come to them, or
for the command of your Lord to come? Those
before them did likewise. And Allah did not do
them any injustice, but to themselves they used to
do injustice. 34 So the evils of what they had done
afflicted them, and they became surrounded by
what they used to ridicule. 35 And those who had
associated (others with Allah) said, “Had Allah willed,
we would never have worshiped anything apart
from Him—neither us, nor our forefathers, nor
would we have prohibited anything without
(permission from) Him.” Those before them did
likewise. So are the messengers responsible for
anything but evident proclamation? 36 For very
truly, in every community We sent a messenger:
“Worshippl Allah and avoid false masters.” So some
of them Allah has guided, and some of them have
deserved misguidance. So journeya through the
earth and look what the outcome was for the
disbelievers. 37 (Even) if yousg are concerned about
their guidance, (still) Allah surely does not guide
whomever He leadsb astray, and they will have no
helpers. 38 And they have sworn by Allah their most
solemn oaths that Allah does not resurrect whoever
dies. Yes indeed, it is a promise binding on Him,
but the majority of mankind does not know. 39 (This
is) to clarify for them what they differ over, and so
that those who have denied know that they were
liars. 40 Indeed, Our only saying to anything, once
We have wanted it, is to say to it, “Be,” and so it isc.
And those who emigrated for Allah after they had
41
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
All except for ʻAsem, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . (still) whomever Allah leads astray surely cannot
be guided . . .”
Qc
Ibn ʻAmer and Al-Kesa’i read it as: “. . . is to say to it, ‘Be,’ so it is.”
a
Qb
179
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
k h ûh mhû h hh i Ġ h Šh khû
ğ ɉǻ
h k hȼi jȋ ŋh Ŭjû ȑ‹
j ŶŰj
ĵŲh Mĵ
ūȎj? ĵȍŌŵ=b ˍŋj ɅŌɉ‹b ĺ
j ɰjžȊĭjķ
j
h
h
ğ
h h i
l ih h h
ğ h
h
h ğ h
AbŋŭŲ ŴŽjȑ‹ Ŵjh ŲįŦ= ̭ `bŋi ŭŧļh Ȭh űû Źi Űšh ůbh űû Źj ûȎj? ^Ōj k ŵ
h ûh h hk ğ
h hû i iğ
i Ŋh šh ûů‹ űi Źi žjh ȩûįhŽ bû h= P˱
BA
Ɓ‹ űŹj j ķ Ĭ‹ ť jŏƞ `= Dĵ
j nZjžŏɉ‹
û
h
h
Ġ
h
û
hh
h
i
i h i
ĵųh ȯ űû Źj j ĸŰŪȩ Ǎj űû ŸŊŇįhŽ bû = ̮ `bŋi ši Œhȹ ƅ Ľžû ńh Ŵjû Ų
h h Šh h û i h i û h û h
ğ h
i
h Ōłšû ųi ķ űŸi
űû ȲɅğ Kh `jıŦ [p źĠ ƛ ȇ
űŸŊŇįŽ b= ̯ ŴɆ
j j j
h
h
l
h
h
h
x i hh
i ğ ‹ Ũh ŰŇh ĵŲh ǓŠ ? Abû ŋh hŽ űû ɉbh = ̰ űžj
f ńKğ [b
û ŴjŲ Ĭ
;ŋɉ
p;ƾ
j
û
l
i
m
h
ğ
i ğk q
h i
iğhhh
h
űû Ÿbh jĬj Aʼnłğ Ŏi Ůj j ɋĵųh Œɉ‹bh ǻ
j ųj Ȏ‹ Ŵj Š ÿŷۊʄjŝ AİžŧļȬ
hû
h i Šh
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh Т Сbh ̱ `b
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj ĵŲh bh D
P˱
ŋjŇɘ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
h
û
û
h
h
h
i
i
h h
h i h ûh
û ih
Ģ ųh ɉ‹bh pĹğķ<Ih ŴjŲ
`źŦĵƞ ̲ `bǚ
j ŭļŏȹ ƅ űŸb ĹŭjɌˁ
h i h ûi h h ih ûhh û ûh k iğh
i ğ ^ĵh hũbø
h ̳ ă`b
Ĭ‹
ŋɊİŽ ĵŲ `źŰšŧɆb űŹj j ũźŦ ŴjŲ űŹɅK
h i
ğ û h û û h Šh l m i ğ h h
ğ h x
żh Š ɔjıŦ ʼnjńŠɩh xŷŠɧj? źh Ÿ ĵųh ȫj? ˌǻ
j ļȩ ƅ
j ȿľ‹ ǻ
j Źɧj? AbŊň
h
û
h h ğ Ǎ ĵŲh ÿȔi h bh ̴ `źĸi Ÿh Kĭ
k Ȕi h bh P˱
û hŦ
i Ȑ‹
j Ɓ‹bh D
ŴŽj
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j
h
k
h i h ğ hûh hh e h
i
Ŵh ųj Ŧ Ĺp ųh šjû ȫ ŴjŲk űȲjķ ĵŲh bh ̵ `źŪļğ ȩ jĬ‹ Ǟ
Ťȯ= ô ĵĸŔA
j b
h i
h
ûh h h Ġ Ġ i i ğ h h ğ i ğ
űȲŏɊ AJj? űȪ ðjĬ‹
AJj? űğ Ȫ ̶ `bŋi nZh Ə jŷûȎjıŦ Ǵɉ‹
h h h
h i ûi û kh i k x h h û i h ğ Ġ
`źȡǬ
j ȹ űŹj j Ʌŋjķ űȲŶjŲ ŨɆŋj Ŧ AJj? űȲŶŠ Ǵɉ‹ ťŒŬ
h
h h h h h l
h m l iû
̸ `źųi Űšû ȩ [źû ŏh Ŧ Aźši ļğ ųh ļh ȯ űô û Źi Šɰh žû ȩA;h ĵųh j ķ Abŋi ŧȲhȎj ̷
û
h ihûh h h h ih û hh
ğ h
q ŕj hŵ `ź
ųŰšȬ ƅ ĵųj ɉ `źŰšłɆb
jĬĭĻ ñűû Źi Šɰh ũLh Kh ĵųjğ Ɋk ĵĸž
û
h ih ûh û i i ğ h ğ ih û ih
ğ h ih û
h
ŧȩ űļŶŬ ĵųȭ ŴŰnZŏȽů
ĺ
j ŠɰhȊ‹ jĬj `źŰšłɆh bh ̹ `bǛ
h
i
û
h
h
û
h
h ĸû Ŏi
h j k i ȵ AJ˯
Š h Ɓĭjķ űŸi ʼni ńh = Ǭ
Ƴŵ
̺ `źŹi ļh Œhȹ ĵŲğ űŹi ɉbh ÿŷi Ŷh Šɳ
hû
x Şj Ŭh źh Ÿi bh AIkq źh ŏû Ɋi ÿŷi Źi Łû bh Ůğ ŝh
Š Kh Š ʆh ļh Ȭh ̻ űž
ŴjŲ _j źû Ūů‹ Ŵjh Ų c
h
i Šh h i i û i h m h k i h j m i
Ǎj ÿŷi ŎĠ ʼni hŽ _û = `ź
Ÿ
ȇ ÿŷŭ jŏųȬɁ Ājôŷjķ Ǭj ȵ ĵŲ ;źŎ
g
h
ğ
h
h i i ûh h hm h hh
û
hĠ
h ȓj ɉ ̼ `ź
`źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
ųŭƘ ĵŲ ;ĵŎ ƅɁ BA
ˍ j Ǜů‹
h
ğ Ůi Ŀh Ųh j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭķ
i Ōšh ûů‹ źh Ÿi bh ˏ ȇ
Š h û Ɓ‹û Ůi Ŀh ųh û ɉ‹ jĬğ j bh ˌj;źû ŏɉ‹
ŌɆ
j
j
û
û
h
h
i h ğ iğ i hi û h
i ŭơ‹
h
]h ŋh Ļ ĵŲğ űŹj ųj ŰŞjķ Mĵ
ȍ‹ Ĭ‹ ŊjŇAİŽ źɉb ̽ űžj
been dealt with unjustly—We will surely settle
them in a good place in the Earlier (Life), and the
reward of the Hereafter is truly greater, if they only
knew. 42 Those are the ones who endured patiently,
and in their Lord they placea their trust. 43 And
never did We send as messengers before you sg
except men to whom We revealb. So askpl the people
of the Reminder if you do not know. 44 (We sent them)
with evident proofs and books. And We sent down
to you sg the Reminder, that you may clarify to
mankind what was bestowed upon them from on
high, and that they may reflect. 45 Do those who
have schemed evils feel secure that Allah will not
cause the earth to cave in beneath them, or that the
punishment will not come upon them from where
they are unaware? 46 Or that He will not seize them
(suddenly) during their movement so that they cannot
thwart (Him)? 47 Or that He will not seize them
gradually? Yet indeed, your Lord is tr uly
Compassionate, Bestowing of mercy. 48 Have theyc
not seen all things that Allah has created—their
shadows revolving from the right and the left,
prostrating to Allah as they shrink away? 49 And to
Allah prostrates whatever is in the heavens and
whatever is in the earth of every treading creature,
as well as the angels, and they do not act
arrogantly— 50 fearing their Lord above them and
doing whatever they are commanded. 51 And Allah
has said: “Dopl not take two gods; He is but One
God, so of Med alone be in awe.” 52 And to Him
belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth,
and religion is His forever. Are you then mindful of
anyone other than Allah? 53 And whatever blessing
youpl have is from Allah, then when harm touches
you, it is to Him that you cry for help. 54 Then when
He lifts off harm from you, a group of you associate
(others) with their Lord, 55 so as to deny what We have
given them. So enjoy yourselves, for you will come
to know. 56 And they set up to what they do not
know a share of what We have provided for them.
By Allah, youe will surely be asked about what youpl
used to fabricate. 57 And they set up to Allah
daughters—Highly Exalted is He—and unto
themselves whatever
they desire. 58 But when one
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense.
All except for Hafs read it as: “. . . to whom it is revealed.”
Qc
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “Have youpl not seen . . .”
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
e
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
a
Qb
180
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
h h û i k hi
hh
h ğ h
h h q
Ģ j ? űŸŋji ŇİŽ ŴȲ
AJjıŦ ˌǖk ŏh ŲĠ Ůp Łh = Ǔ
j Š ɧbh pĹķ<I ŴjŲ ĵŹh žû ŰŠ
h qh
û
h
h
ûh ûh h i h h m h
̾ `źɊji ʼnŪļh ŏû h ȹ ƅbh ĹŠĵŎh `bŋi ň
j nZļŏȹ ƅ űû Źi ŰŁ= ;h ĵŁ
h û i iih ûh i hh h i h û h h ğ h i h û hh
h Ŋŭ
Bj
ů‹ űŹļȿ jŏɉɁ ťŕj Ļb `ź
ô ŸŋȲŽ ĵŲ jĬj `źŰšłɆb
h
h
û
ğ h ğ i i ğ h h h h h Š h û iû i i h ğ h
h
̿ `źŚi ŋh ŧŲĠ űŹi ȫɁbh Kĵ
ȍ‹ űŹɉ `= _ŋŁ ƅ ˏ ƴŏơ‹ űŹɉ `=
i h mhû h ûh û hh ğ h
h
h h h
ğ
Ģ j ? ĵŶŰŎK= ʼnŪů jĬĭĻ
Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹ űi Źi ɉ Ŵh Ɇğ Ōh Ŧ ūj Űĸû Ȱ ŴjŲk ˈp Ɋh = Ǔ
h f h h û ih h h û û i h i h û ih h û h
mhh
h űi ŹȎĠ j b źh Źȯ űŹŰŠʅŠ=
ĵŲb ̀ űx Ȏj = BA
ŊŠ űŹɉb _źȎ‹
ğ h hkhi ğ h h û h ûh h hûh h
l ih û
jŷžjȯ AźŧŰļh ҋ djȑ‹ űi Źi ɉ ǻ
j ȼ jȋ ƅj? ĶŠɮjŭů‹ ūžŰŠ ĵȍŌŵ=
h
m ğ h hh iğ h
hk qhû h h qi h
h
û
Kb cʼnŸb
;j ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ ^Ōŵ= Ĭ‹b ́ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ˉp źû Ūj ů ĹƧ
h
hh mh
û
k
m
q
h
ğ h ûh hûh h
h h h Š
û
h
û
ˉp źŪj ů ĹŽ˗ ūj ɉə Ǎj `j? ô ĵŹj ĻźɊ ʼnšȨ P˱Ɓ‹ jŷjķ ĵžńįŦ ;q ĵŲ
Ġ qhû h Šh ûh û
h
i
i h ğ
ĵųjğ Ɋk űȲžŪj ŏû ȸ ð Cǚ
šj ů űj ɿŵƁ‹ Ǎj űû Ȳů `˯ ͂ `źši ųh ŏû h ȹ
ğ h
q m
h
û h û Ȩh Ŵü Ųj Ājŷjŵźśi Ȩi Ǎ
ĵŤjɋĵŎh ĵŕjq ɉĵŇ ĵŶe hȊ ˉp Ibh E
p ŋŦ ǻ
j
j
h
ğ
h i ğh Šh û h û h
h Š ků
`bŊň
j ğȍ‹ D
j Š ɷh ųh Ȫ ŴjŲbh ̓ ǻjɅŋj ɺŰj
j ļȩ Ķ
j ɰŠƁ‹b Ůž
j ň
h
e
ğ
hk q
h i
h h
`źŰŪj šû Ȭh ˉp źû Ūj ů ĹhŽ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? ô ĵŶe ŏh ńh ĵũLû jKbh ˊŋq ŭŎh ŷi Ŷjû Ų
û h
ğ h û ğ h h Ġh h ûhh
q
h Ơ‹
Š b=b ̈́
ĵĻźži Ȩi ^ĵ
ĸ
Ŵj
Ų
dj
Ŋ
ƛ‹
`j = Ůj Ņȍ‹ Ǔj? ūɅK Ƹ
j
j j
h i ûh ğ h h ğ h h
ğ k i ŴjŲ ȅi űğ Ȫi ͅ `ź
D
őŋj šȬ ĵųjɊb ŋj łŒɉ‹ ŴjŲb
j Š ɷh ųh Ȍ‹ ȁ
j
j
i û h
x h h h i i ü j i i û h qii
k h
BAǨ
ĵŹj ŵźśȨ ŴŲ Fŋƞ ô ƆɉJ ū
j j ɅKh Ůĸi Ŏi ǒj ŰŎĭŦ
ğ
hk q
h h
ğ k xmh
ii hûh f hûĠ
ˉp źû Ūj ů ĹhŽ˗ ūj ɉŠə Ǎj `j? Mĵ
ˏ j ŶŰj ů ;ĵŧjő jŷžjȯ ÿŷŵŠʆůɁ ťj Űļƥ
i i hh h iğ h
h ğ h
i
i ğ
űȲŶjŲbh űô û ȲŠƋŦźh ļh Ȭh űğ Ȫ űû ȲŪŰŇ Ĭ‹
b ͆ `bŋi ŭŧļh Ȭh
h h i iû h ûh h Ġ hi ğ
h
ğ
h û
Ģ j ? IŋŽ ŴŲ
û ů ŋj ųšů‹ ^j JK= Ǔ
`j? ô ĵnZe žû ő ˈp ŰjŠ ʼnh šû Ȩh űh Űšû Ȭh ƅ ǒj
i h ûh h ğ h iğ h
hğ
x ʼnhũ űžj
x ŰŠh Ĭ‹
Š h h űû Ȳ
Ǎj Ŗp šû Ȩh ȇ
ŘšȨ ŮŘŦ Ĭ‹b ͇ ŋŽj
h h h h Šh h û û
km l i k i h ğ h h û k
û ŭ
ĺ
ŰɊ ĵŲ ȇ űŹj j ũLjK djIAŋh j ķ AźŰŘ
j Ŧ ŴŽjȑ‹ ĵųȯ \ˏ j Lŋɉ‹
j
h
m
h û i iŠh ûh
h i h ûh ğ h û h f h h
ğ h
iĬ‹
i
û
b ͈ `bʼnŅƒ jĬ‹ jĹųšj ŶjĸŦ= ô ;AźŎ jŷžjȯ űŹȯ űŹŶʅŽɁ
h i
i h
i h h
i h h
Ŵjû Ųk űȲů Ůšh Łh bh ĵŁq Š ɩh Lû = űû Ȳ jŏŧŵ= Ŵjû Ųk űȲů Ůšh Łh
i hh h h q h h h h h h i Šh û h
k
h
ğ
k
h
Š
ĺ
ˏ j ɭjžśů‹ ŴjŲ űȲũLKb Cʼnŧńb ǻjȿķ űȲŁ
j ɩL=
of them is given the glad tidingsa of a female (infant),
his countenance remains darkened as he suppresses
his anguish. 59 He hides himself from people
because of the evilness of the glad tidings he has
been given. Should he keep it, in shame, or bury it
(alive) in the dust? Undoubtedly, evil is the way they
judge! 60 For those who do not believe in the
Hereafter is an evil example, while to Allah belongs
the highest example. And He is the Almighty, the
All-Wise. 61 And if Allah were to hold mankind for
their injustices, He would not leave upon it a single
treading creature, but He defers them to a stated
term. Then, when their term has arrivedb, they
cannot delay it by one hour nor can they advance it.
And they set up for Allah what they themselves
62
hate, while their tongues describe the lie that theirs
is the best (reward); without doubt, for them is the
Fire and (without doubt) they will be driven to it
quicklyc. 63 (I swear ) by Allah, We sent messengers
to communities before yousg, but Satan adorned
their deeds for them, so that he is their master today,
and they will have a painful punishment. 64 And We
have not sent down to yousg the Scripture but that
you may clarify for them what they have differed
over, and as a guidance and a mercy for people who
believe. 65 And Allah has sent down, from the sky,
water with which He revived the earth after it was
lifeless; indeed, in this is a sign for people who hear.
And indeed, there is a lesson for youpl in livestock:
66
Wed give you to drink of what is in their bellies—
from between filth and blood—pure milk, palatable
to the drinkers. 67 And from the products of datepalms and grapevines you make an intoxicating
beverage and good food. Surely, in that is a sign for
people who reason. 68 And yoursg Lord revealed to
the bee: “Take for yourself sg homes of the
mountains, and of the trees and of whatever they
trellis, 69 then eat of all products and go along the
ways of your Lord, made smooth”. From their
bellies comes out a drink of diverse colors, wherein
is a cure for mankind. Surely, in that is a sign for
people who reflect. 70 And Allah created youpl, then
He takes you (at death). Yet among you is the one who
the most abject age, so that he no
is turned back to
Said in sarcasm.
By death.
Qc
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . for them is the Fire and (without doubt) they have been neglecting (their tasks)”.
Nafie read it as: “. . . for them is the Fire and (without doubt) they have gone too far.”
Qd
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . livestock: they give you to drink . . .”
a
b
181
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
h iû
h i û
i ğ
û
hû hh
͉ `bŋi ŧȲhŽ űû Ÿ jĬ‹ ĺ
j ųh šj ŶjɅbh `źŶjŲİiŽ Ůj śj ŠɭůĭjĸŦ=
h
h i
q
h iiûhh
ğ
i
Ŵjh Ųk ĵũLû jK űû Źi ɉ ūj Űųû Ȭh ƅ ĵŲh jĬ‹ `b
j I ŴjŲ `bʼnĸšɆb
hû h h h ğ
l i û h hh
h i h ûh hh qû h
n
j
AźɅǴ
Ļ
Ɔ
Ŧ
͊
`ź
šž
ś
ļ
ŏ
ȹ
ƅ
b
ĵ
Z
ž
ő
P˱
Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
j
j
h ih û h h û i hh i h û h hğ ğ h h ûh û ğ
h h ͋ `ź
Bh ǰø
ųŰšȩ ƅ űļŵ=b űŰšȬ Ĭ‹ `j? ô ^ĵĿŲƁ‹ jĬj
q iû ğ qûh ehh iğ
û
û h ȇ
Š h h Kji ʼnŪû Ȭh ƅğ Ȣź
ŷi Šɰh ũLh Kğ ŴŲh bh ;p ƾ
ŰųɊ Aʼnĸȭ ƆĿŲ Ĭ‹
h h û h û h û h kq i û i i h i h q h h e û ğ
`ÿ
j ŷŶjŲ ŨjŧŶŽ źŹȯ ĵŶŏń ĵũLjK ĵŶjŲ
ô źi ļŏȹ ŮŸ ðˑŋe ŹŁbh ˊǦ
h
h i û h h û i i h û h û h ğ i û hû
i ğ Bh ǰ
h h bh ͌ `ź
ųŰšȬ ƅ űŸǜȱ= Ůķ jĬ
Ĭ‹
ô j ʼnųơ‹
Ğ h h i h û h Šh h i û h h i h û h m h i i h h û h i ğ q h h
ȁ źŸb ;p ƾ ȇ KjʼnŪȬ ƅ űȲķɁ ĵųŸʼnń= ǻ
j ŰŁK ƆĿŲ
û
h
h
û
h ûh
i
Ġ Łk źh iŽ ĵųh Ŷh Ȭû Ɂ ŷi Š Ƌhůźû Ɋh ȇ
hŽ ƅ ŷŹ
Šh h
ƚ
D
į
źh Ÿ djźļh ŏû h ȹ ŮŸ Ǟ
j
j
j
g
hh h i h û hû i iûh hh
ğ h
Ġ
h
û
h
Š
Š
Q
ɷ
Ŕ
ȇ
źŸb ^j ʼnšůĭjķ ŋɊįŽ ŴŲb
Ĭ
j
b
͍
ˈž
Ū
ļ
ŏ
Ų
j
p j
p j
h
hû
hh ğ h ğ i û m hh
h h ğ Ķ
i žû Ȯh
jˏ ˱Ɓ‹bh D
ŋɊ= ĵŲb P
jŃųû ǿ ƅj? jĹŠĵŏɉ‹
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
k i Šh h h ğ ğ i h û h h i û h h h û
i ğ bh ͎ ŋŽj
x ʼnhũ ;p ƾ
û h ȁ
Ĭ‹
ô ŋũ= źŸ b= Dz
j ȇ Ĭ‹ `j? B
j Ȋ‹
i
h
q h h h h h i
i h h û h
i Ȩi Ŵü Ųj k űȲ
Ůšh Łh bh ĵnZžû ő `źųi Űšû ȩ ƅ űû ȲjļŠʇh Ųğ = `ź
ŁŋŇ=
ś
j
h
h
h i ûh i ğ h h û û
h û
i h
ğ űi Ȳ
͏ `bŋi ŭŒȶ űû ȲŰšh ů Cʼnh nZj ŦƁ‹bh ŋh Š ɻûķƁ‹bh şh ųû ŏɉ‹
ů
m ğ k h
û śů‹
ğ Ǔh ? l Abû ŋh hŽ űû h ɉɁh
Šp ɷh ňğ ŏh Ɋi Ǟ
źj Ł Ǎj D
ĵŲh j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
j
j
ğ iğ ğ ğ i i û i
h i û i û h k Š h h Šh
͐ `źŶjŲİŽ ˉp źŪj ů ĺ
p ɔ˗ ūj ɉə Ǎj `j? ôĬ‹ ƅj? ŴŹŭ jŏųȬ
h
i h h
i
i h h
i ğ bh
ŴjŲk űȲů Ůšh Łh bh ĵŶq ŭŎh űû Ȳj Ļźži Ȩi Ŵü Ųj k űȲů Ůšh Łh Ĭ‹
i
h Ġ h ûh q ii Šh ûh û
h
i
_h źû Ɇh bh űû Ȳj Ŷšû ŝ _h źû hŽ ĵŹh ȫźŧň
j ļŏȶ ĵĻźžȨ űj ɿŵƁ‹ jIźŰŁi
h
h
q hh m h û h h
h
i h h
ĵše ŠɮŲh bh ĵĿŠɒ= ĵŸjKĵšh ő=bh ĵŸjKĵɅh bû =bh ĵŹjh ŦAźh Ŕû = Ŵjû Ųbh űû ȲjļŲĵ
ũj?
q
h
h
h
h
h
h
i
i ğ bh ͑ ǻjń ǓŠ h ?
Ůšh Łh bh ƆŠʄjŝ Ũh ŰŇ ĵųjğ Ɋk űȲů Ůšh Łh Ĭ‹
j
p
h
û
h
h
h
û
h h
i
i
i
h Ŵjh Ųk űȲ
űi ȲžjŪĻ ŮžjȨŠɷh Ŏh űû Ȳů Ůšh Łh bh ĵŶq Šɰh ȱ= ^ĵ
ů
j ĸƠ‹
j
û
û
h
h h
h h
i
i
h
ÿŷi ļh ųh šjû ŵ űĠ j ļiŽ ūj ɉŠɶŬ űô û ȲŎh įhķ űȲžjŪĻ ŮžjȨŠɷh Ŏh bh ŋğ ơ‹
i i ğ h i hh
h
h hh ğ h l ğ h h
ūžû ŰŠ ĵųh ȫjıŦ Aźû ůźh Ļ `jıŦ ͒ `źųji Űŏû ȶ űû ȲŰšh ů űû Ȳžû ŰŠ
i ğ h hû h i ûh
h
i ĸųi û ɉ‹ Ţi Š ʄh hȊ‹û
ĵŹh ȫbŋji ŭŶiŽ űğ Ȫ jĬ‹ ĺ
ųšj ŵ `źŦŋj šȬ ͓ ǻ
j
longer knows anything after having acquired
knowledge; indeed, Allah is All-Knowing, AllPowerful. 71 And Allah has favored some of you
over others in provision, yet those who were favored
do not give their provision to those whom they
rightfully possess, to the extent of making them
equal partners in it. Do theya then repudiate the
blessing of Allah? 72 And Allah has set up for you
spouses from among yourselves, and has assigned
for you f rom you r spouses, child ren and
grandchildren, and has provided you with good
things. Yet is it in falsehood that theyb believe, while
it is the blessing of Allah that they deny? 73 And yet
they worship apart from Allah what possesses no
provisions for them in the heavens or the earth, nor
are they capable (of doing anything). 74 So dopl not set
forth any parables for Allah; indeed, Allah knows
and you know not. 75 Allah set forth a parable: an
owned bondman who has no power over anything,
and (on the other hand) someone to whom Wec have
given goodly provision from which he gives,
secretly and openly. Can they be equal? All praise
be to Allah; rather, most of them know not. 76 And
Allah set forth a parable of two men: one of them a
mute who has no power over anything, and he is
wholly dependent upon his patron; wherever he
directs him, he achieves nothing good. Can he be
equal to one who commands to justice and is on a
straight path? 77 And to Allah belongs the hidden
realm of the heavens and the earth, and the matter
of the Hour is only as the twinkling of the eye or
even nearer; indeed, Allah is Powerful over
everything. 78 And Allah brought youpl out of your
mothers’ bellies not knowing anything, and He
assigned for you hearing and sight(s) and burning
hearts, that you may give thanks. 79 Have theyd not
seen the birds subjected in the midst of the sky?
None holds them up except Allah. Surely, in that
are signs for people who believe. 80 And Allah has
made for you, of your houses, (places of) rest and has
assigned for you out of the skins of livestock (portable)
homes which you find light on the day you travel
and on the day you encamp and, from their wool
furnishings and an enjoyment for
and fur and hair,
a while. 81 And Allah has made for youpl shades out
Shuʻba and Roways read it as: “Do youpl then repudiate . . .”
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
c
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Qd
Ibn ʻAmer, Hamza, Yaʻqub and Khalaf read it as: “Have youpl not seen . . .”
Qa
b
182
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
h i Šh û i i ih û hh
q h i ki
i hûh hûhh
AʼnžŹj ő Ĺp Ųğ = ȁ
Ŵj
Ų
Ľ
š
ĸ
ȫ
_
ź
Ɇ
b
͔
`b
ŋjŧʃů‹ űŸǜȱ=b
j
h
h
i h l hh h ğ i h ûi h ği
ȓj ɉ `JİŽ ƅ űȪ
AJ˯ ͕ `źĸi ļh šû ļh ŏû i ȹ űû Ÿ ƅbh Abŋi ŧȱ ŴŽj
h i ğhi hh h h hû l ih h h ğ hh
i h
űû Ÿ ƅbh űû Źi Ŷû ȭ ťŧƞ ƆŦ BA
Ŋšů‹ AźųŰŝ ŴŽjȑ‹ A;K
h
ğ
l i h i mhh i l ih û h
h
h h
AźȡǨ= ŴŽjȑ‹ A;h Kh AJ˯ ͖ `bŋi ŞŶiŽ
ĵŶh Ʌğ Kh Aźɉĵũ űû Ÿ;h ȢǨ
lû hûhh h i
l
h i h ğ h imhh i m h i Ģ h
AźŪůɂŦ ðūj ŵbI ŴjŲ AźŠi ʼnû ŵ ĵŶğ Ŭ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ ĵŵ>ȢǨ ;j ƅİʧ
h
h
h
l hû
h h i ğ h hû
h
ğ
Ŋg j ɌŲh źû hŽ jĬ‹ Ǔj? Aźû ŪůɁbh ͗ `źiķjŊŠʃů űû Ȳŵj? ^źû Ūů‹ űi Źj ûȎj?
l i hh h ğ
h ih ûh l i h ğ iû h ğ h h hh ğ
Abŋŧȱ ŴŽjȑ‹ ͘ `bǛ
ŧȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ űŹŶȭ Ůŗb ðűŰŏɉ‹
û
h h h û h q h h û i Šh û ğ
h ŴŠh l AbʼnĠ Ŕh bh
ɓ
I
L
Ĭ‹
Ůž
ȼ
Ŏ
ķA
Ŋ
Š
ű
Ź
ĵųh j ķ BA
Ŋ
š
ů‹
\
ź
Ŧ
ĵ
j
j
j
j
j
h h e h ği ki
h i ûi l i h
i hûh hûhh
û
űŹj žŰŠ AʼnžŹj ő pĹŲ= ȁ
Ǎ
Ľ
š
ĸ
ȫ
_
ź
Ɇ
b
͙
`b
ʼnjŏŧȬ Aźŵǽ
j
j
ûh ğ h h m h i h Š h h e h h
h û i h û k
Ģ ȇ AʼnžŹj ő ūjķ ĵŶh Ĵû Ł
ĵȍŌŵb ˏ ;j ƅİʧ
j b ðűŹj jŏŧŵ= ŴjŲ
h ki k q h û h Šh û h ûh h
h û Kh bh cʼnq Ÿi bh ;ƾ
h û i ȵbh Ĺq Ƨ
Š Ǭ
c
p û Ȃj
j ů ĵŶŠɱĸj Ļ Ķɮjŭů‹ ūžŰŠ
û
û h û hû i i h hğ ğ
mh
h
û iû
Š h ńû ƃ‹
dĤ ĵļŽ˯
Ŵj ɹ
j b ^j ʼnšůĭjķ ŋɊįŽ Ĭ‹ `j?ø ͚ ǻųj j ŰŏųŰj ɉ
û hû h h iû h m h û hû
h Š h ûh h Šh û iû
ŶɆb ȗŋŪů‹ djJ
nj
b jŋŭŶųɉ‹b ;j ĵŒŅŧů‹ Ŵj Š ǘ
ˏ j Ȋ‹
h
l
ğ
h ğ
h
i
h
h i ğ h i i
AJj? jĬ‹ ʼnj Źû šh j ķ AźŦbû =bh ͛ `bŋi ŬŊĻ űû ȲŰšh ů űû ȲŞšj hŽ
hû l i i h h Ġ h
û
h h
h
űi ļi Űšh Łh ʼnû ũbh ĵŸjʼnžjŬźû Ļ ʼnh šû Ȩh Ŵh Š ʅh ûŽƁ‹ AźŘŪŶĻ ƅbh űû ȩʼnŹh Š ɢ
h
h hğ ğ e h û i ûh h hğ
h i ûh
`j? ô Ɔžŧj Ŭ űȲžŰŠ Ĭ‹
ƅbh ͜ `źŰšh ŧȩ ĵŲh űi Űšû Ȭh Ĭ‹
h
h h û h hh ğ h l i i h
i
q h
ĵĿŠʃŵ= ˅g źğ ũ ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ĵŹh ɉŌû ţ ĺ
ŘŪȫ Ʋj ůĭŬ AźŵźȲĻ
h
h h i ğh
i
üh h h i
h i h
i
h j Ĺf Ųğ = `ź
Ǘ
ȲĻ `= űû ȲŶh ûɀhķ ƆŇI űû ȲŶh Š ʅh ûŽɁ `bŊň
j ļȩ
i
i iûh h ğ ğ û h ûh
i h ğhkhih h
i ğ ‹ űi ȡź
Š K=
_h źû hŽ űû Ȳů Ǻ
žj ȼȎb Ājôŷjķ Ĭ
ŰĸȬ ĵųȫj? Ĺˏ g Ų= ŴjŲ ȗ
h i hûh
i Ŭi ĵŲh jĹųh Šɱh Ūûů‹
i ğ ;h m ĵőh źû h ɉbh ͝ `ź
Ĭ‹
ŧj Űļƛ jŷžjȯ űû ļŶ
j
i
m h
h qh
Ġ i
q ğ i h h hh
djʼnŹû Ɇh bh ;i ĵŒhȹ ŴŲh ŮŘ
j Š ɧbh CʼnjńŠɩh ĹŲ= űû ȲŰšƠ
j Ž ŴȲ
lm i ğh hh
h i ûh i i h ih û ih m hh h
AbŊň
j ļȩ ƅb ͞ `źŰųh šȩ űû ļŶŬ ĵųğ ȭ Ŵğ ŰnZŏȽůbh ô ;i ĵŒȹ ŴŲ
l i i h h h i i h û h ü i h h ğ h h û i h û h üh h h û i h h û h
AźũbŊĻb ĵŹj ĻźĸȪ ʼnšȨ _ʼnũ ^ǡ
j ȯ űȲŶɀķ ƆŇI űȲŶŠʅŽɁ
i hh ğ
h h ûĠ h h h hm Ġ
f Ŋh Šh űû Ȳ
x Şj Šh BA
ůb jĬ‹ Ůž
űž
j j ȼŎ ŴŠ űȩIʼnŔ ĵųjķ ;źŏɉ‹
of what He created, and has made for you shelters
of the mountains, and has made for you garments
to protect you from the heat and garments to protect
you from your violence; thus He completes His
blessings upon you, that you may submit. 82 So if
theya turn away, then certainly yoursg only duty is
evident proclamation. 83 They recognize Allah’s
blessing then they deny it, as most of them are the
deniers. 84 And on the day when We raise up a
witness from every community —then those who
denied are not permitted, nor are they allowed to
make amends. 85 And when those who did injustice
see the punishment, (they will realize that) never shall it
be lightened for them, nor shall they be given
respite. 86 And when the ones who associated (others
with God) see their associatesb, they will say, “Our
Lord, these are our associates whom we used to call
upon apart from You.” So they castc to them the
statement, “Very truly, you are liars.” 87 And they
cast forth to Allah, on that day, (their) submissiveness,
and whatever they used to fabricate strayed away
from them. 88 Those who denied and barred from
the way of Allah—Wed added punishment to their
punishment on account of the corruption they used
to cause. 89 And on a day when We raise in every
community a witness against them from among
them, and We broughtc yousg as a witness against
these. For We have bestowed upon you the Scripture
from on high, as an explanation of everything and
guidance and mercy and glad tidings for the
Muslimse. 90 Indeed, Allah commands to justice and
excelling in doing good and bringingf (charity) to the
relative, and He forbids obscenity and what is
deplorable and oppression. He admonishes you, that
you may remind yourselvesg. 91 And fulfillpl Allah’s
covenant when you make a covenant, and do not
violate your oaths after ratifying them, for surely
you have made Allah your guarantor; indeed, Allah
knows what you do. 92 And dopl not be like she who
unravels her yarn, breaking it into pieces after she
has spun it strongly, by using your oaths as a means
A grammatical shift from 2nd person to 3rd person.
The false gods.
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
e
The Arabic word used is Muslimeen which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
f
The Qur’an always uses verb ‘to bring’ rather than verb ‘to give’ in association with charity; this should be pondered by
the reader.
Qg
All except for Hafs, Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . that you may constantly remember.”
a
b
183
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
l ih ûh hh
h ğ
ğ e h
i ğ h
źh Ÿ jĬ‹ ʼnŶj
Š ĵųh ȫj? ô Ɔžj Űũ ĵŶq ųh Ȫ jĬ‹ ʼnj Źû šh j ķ AbǛ
Œȶ ƅb ͟
h
h h h i i
i h
i ğ h
ĵŲh bh ʼni ŧŶhŽ űû ȱʼnŶj
Š ĵŲh ͠ `źųi Űšû ȩ űû ļŶ
Ŭ `j? űû Ȳů xǞû Ň
h i h l ih h
ğ h
û hȍh bh \ĵhķ jĬ‹
h ȑ‹ğ Ŵğ Ɇh Ōł
Ŵj ŏh ńû įjķ űŸŋh Łû = Abm ǚ
Ŕ ŴŽj
ʼnŶjŠ
ˍp
j
h
i
l
h
i
h hûh i h h
Š h = bû = ŋŬJh ŴjŲk ĵŅjq ۊɞh Ůh ųj Šh Ŵû Ųh ͡ `ź
Ƴŵ
ŰųšȬ Aźŵǽ ĵŲ
g
h
h
h
i
û hȍbh ð Ĺq ĸh žk Śh Cq źŠ žh ńh ÿŷi Ŷğ hɀžŅ
û i h x û i hih
űŸŋh Łû = űû Źi Ŷğ Ɇh Ōj ł
j
j ŶŰŦ ŴjŲİɊ źŸb
h
l i h
h iû h û h h h
h i
`A;h ŋû Ūů‹ D=ŋh ũ AJjıŦ ͢ `źŰųh šû Ȭh Aźŵǽ ĵŲh Ŵj ŏh ńû įjķ
h
h ğ
ğ û h û h
hû ğ h
ğ
ÿȔi ōh ûɀů ÿŷi ŵj? ͣ űž
j Ł
j ŋɉ‹ Ŵj ŠɽžŒɉ‹ ŴjŲ jĬĭjķ ŊjšļŎĭŦ
hh f hû i
ğ
h iğ
h ȑ‹ğ ȇ
Š h h bh l AźŶi ŲAh ;h ŴŽj
ŴŠɽŰŎ
ĵųh ȫj? ͤ `źȣźh ļh Ȭh űû Źj j Ʌk Kh ȇ
h i û i
i h ğ h ihûğhhh h ğ hh ii hû i
`źȡǬ
j Ɋ Ājŷjķ űŸ ŴŽjȑ‹b ÿŷŵźůźļȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ ȇ ÿŷŶŠɽŰŎ
lmi h ikh i h i h û h iğ h h h h h ğ qh h mhû ğ h h
Aźɉĵũ ^ǣ
j Ȭ ĵųjķ űŰŠ= Ĭ‹b Ĺp ŽA; `ǾŲ ĹŽA; ĵȍʼnķ AJ˯ ͥ
h i ih û h ûh h û i h h m h ğ
h h ûi
h h
ÿȔi Ōğ ŵ Ůũ ͦ `źųi Űšû Ȭh ƅ űû Ÿǜ
ȱ= Ůķ ô˽ļŧŲ ĺŵ= ĵųȫj?
l i h h h ğ h k h i k hû
iû i i
h
K
AźŶŲA; ŴŽjȑ‹ ĺjĸȾȎj Ũj ơĭjķ ūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲ Mj ʼni Ūů‹ Gb
h
ğ h h hh
h i i
h ųjŰŏû ųi ûŰj ɉ c
h û i ȵbh cʼnq Ÿi bh
Š Ǭ
`źɉźŪȬh űû Źi ȫɁ űi Űšû ȫ ʼnû Ūůbh ͧ ǻ
j
h
ğ i k x hh iikhi hğ
h i ûi
x k łh Šû = jŷûȎh j ? `b
ǖ
ʼnŅ
ȵ ÿŷųj ŰšȬ ĵųȫj?
j ŰŽ djȑ‹ `ĵŏjh ů ñǬ
j
h h i û h h ğ ğ
f ĸŲĠ xȗ
hh f h h h h
ĺ
ȑ‹ `j? ͨ ǻ
j Š ɔ˲ `źŶjŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
j k j ŋŠ `ĵŏj ɉ AŊŠɪb
h f h h û ih h iğ
h ğ
hûh hğ
f Ȏj = BA
ŧ
Ȭ
ĵ
dǛ
ų
ȫ
?
ͩ
ű
ŊŠ űŹɉb Ĭ‹ űi Źj ŽjʼnŹû Ȭh ƅ jĬ‹
j
j
h h i û h h ğ h h û
i h h i ğ
űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh ðjĬ‹ ĺ
ȑ‹ BjŊŭů‹
j Š ɔ˲ `źŶjŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
ğ
h i h û
ğ hhh
h ? ʼnšû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj jĬĭ
h
Ŵû Ųh ƅj? mĀjŷjŶŠʅŽ
j j
j ķ ŋŧȱ ŴŲ ͪ `źķjŊŠʃů‹
h
û i
h û ķ Ŵ
ü Ġ Ɍųh śû Ųi ÿŷi ĸi ûŰũh bh ah ŋȱ
h h ŴŲğ ŴȲ
Gh Ǩ
j Š ɧbh Ŵj Š ʅŽƃĭ
j j j
j =
h
h
i û
x Řh ţh űû Źžû Űšh ȯh ˊKq ʼnû Ŕh ŋŧû Ȳ
f Ŋh Šh űû Źi ɉbh jĬğ ‹ Ŵjh Ųk Ķ
ůĭjķ
BA
j
j
h
û
h
l
h ûĠ hŠhh
h ļh Ŏ‹
û űi Źi ȫğ ɂķ ūjh ɉŠəh ͫ űž
x Şj Šh
j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ ȇ ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Cźžơ‹ AźĸĠ Ņ
j
h û hû hû
h Ģhli
û h h hğ ğ hh
h
h ȑ‹ğ ū
ŴŽj
j Ɍʤb= ͬ ŴɆŋj jŧŠʃů‹ _źŪů‹ djʼnŹȬ ƅ Ĭ‹ `=b
i i Šh h i ğ h h h
h h
i h h i
űi Ÿ ūjɌʤĢ bl =bh ðűjû Ÿŋj Š ɻûķɁbh űû Źj jšųû Ŏh bh űû Źj j ɅźŰũ ȇ
Ĭ‹ şĸŚ
h
h
û
ğ h h
h i Šh i i h
h i hû
ͮ `bǪ
j ɴů‹ űŸ j CŋjŇ˖‹ Ǎj űû Źi ȫɁ _ŋh Ł ƅ ͭ `źŰjŧŠʀů‹
of deception among you because one community is
more prosperous than another community. Indeed,
Allah is testing you thereby, and He will most
surely clarify to you on the Day of Resurrection
whatever you used to differ over. 93 And had Allah
willed, He would have made you one community,
but He leads astray whom He wills, and He guides
whom He wills, and you will most surely be asked
about what you used to do. 94 And do not use your
oaths as a means of deception among you, lest a foot
slip after being firm and you taste misery for
barring (others) from the way of Allah, and for you
there will be a great punishment. 95 And dopl not
purchase, in exchange for Allah’s covenant, a small
price; indeed, what is with Allah is better for you,
if you only knew. 96 What you have runs out, but
what is with Allah remains. And Wea will most
surely repay those who were patient their reward in
accordance with the best of what they used to do. 97
Whoever has acted righteously, whether male or
female, while being a believer—We will most
surely grant him a good life, and We will most
surely repay themb their reward in accordance with
the best of what they used to do. 98 So when yousg
recite the Recitalc seek refuge with Allah from
Satan, the outcast. 99 Indeed, he has no authority
over those who have attained faith and in their Lord
they place their trust. 100 Indeed, his authority is
only over those who take him as an ally and those
who through him associate (others with God). 101 Yet
whenever We substitute a sign in place of another
sign—and Allahd knows better what He bestows
from on highe —they say, “Indeed, you are nothing
but a fabricator.” Rather, most of them do not know.
Say, The Holy Spirit has bestowed it from on
102
high from yoursg Lordf, with the truth, in order to
strengthen those who have attained faith, and as
guidance and glad tidings for Muslimsg. 103 And
most surely, We know that they say, “Indeed, it is a
human being who is teaching him.” But the tongue
of the one they allude to is foreign, while this is an
of his narrations read it as: “And He will most surely
All except for Ibn Kathir, ʻAsem, Abu Jaʻfar and Ibn Zekwan in one
repay . . .”
b
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
d
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qe
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . what He sends down . . .”
f
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 2nd person.
g
The Arabic word used is Muslimeen which means those who willingly submit to God, regardless of which prophet they
followed.
Qa
184
PART 14. THE BEES
Surah 16- An-Nahl
l h h h ğ h ğh ğ ği
l i hŠh ğ i l i i h û h
Ÿ ŴŽjȓj ɉ ūɅK `j? űȪ
AbʼnŹɕ űȪ AźŶjļŦ ĵŲ ʼnj šȨ Ŵü Ųj Abŋi Łĵ
ûh h h
h ğh ğ lm ih h h
x ŧi Ťh hů ĵŸjh ʼnšû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ū
x ńKğ Kź
ɅK `j? AbǚŔb
ƫj įĻ _źû Žø ͯ űžj
Ġ i Šğ h i h h û ğ h i Š h i
ûh Ġi
û Űh ųŠh ĵŲğ ōŧû ȫh ȁ
ĺ
ȝźĻb ĵŹ jŏŧȫ ŴŠ ^jʼnɲĻ ōp ŧȫ ȁ
j
p
q
h ih ûi h û ih
û hŵǽh Ĺq Ɇh ŋû hũ Ɔq Ŀh Ųh Ĭ
i ğ ‹ Bh ǰ
h h bh Ͱ `ź
ĹŶjh ŲA;h ĺ
ųŰŞȬ ƅ űŸb
k
i k qh h h iû h ûh qğ h û Ġ
û hh h h
Dŋh ŧȲŦ `p ǾŲh ȁ
j ŴjŲ AʼnţK ĵŹȰLjK ĵŹžjȩįŽ ĹŶjɌųśŲ
ûû h h
l i h h
h h jȊ Ĭ‹
i ğ ĵŹh Ȱh Š əh hįhŦ jĬğ ‹ űj ši ȫû ɂh ķ
i û Mĵ
j Ơ‹
Aźŵǽ ĵųjķ [j źƢ‹b Sź
j
x
h
m
h
ğ
h ih û h
i iķŊŭhŦ űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk ^źŎi Kh űû Ÿi ;h ĵŁh ʼnû Ūh ůbh ͱ `ź
aź
šŶŕŽ
û
l
i
i
h
h
h i Šh û i h i h i i h h hh
i hh h ğ
iűȲ
ũLK ĵųjɊ AźȀŦ Ͳ `źųj Űɡ űŸb BAŊšů‹ űŸŊŇįŦ
ğ h h û l i i û h q k h q Šh h i ğ
i Ŭi `? jĬ‹
iaĵğŽ? űû ļŶ
ĺųšj ŵ Abŋŭő‹b ĵĸjžŚ Ɔʄń Ĭ‹
j
j
h
û
h
h
h
i ûh h h ğ h h ğ
ğ bh Ĺļh žû ųh ɉ‹ űi Ȳ
û bh _h Ȑ‹
űh ơ
žŰŠ _ŋń ĵųȫj? ͳ `bʼni ĸi šû ȩ
û
h
û
ğ ûh ğ i mhh
h û Ȯh ŋğ śi ŗ‹
pTĵhķ Ǟ
Ŵj ųh ȯ Ājðŷjķ jĬ‹ Ǟ
j Ťj ů ŮjŸ= ĵŲb ŋɆ
j Ƣ‹
j ǣj
l i ih h
i h
h ğ ‹ `ğ ıhŦ Iȕh ƅh bh
x ńKğ xKźŧi Ȯh Ĭ
ťŕj Ļ ĵųjh ɉ AźɉźŪȩ ƅbh ʹ űžj
j p
hh l ih ûhk x h h h h h x h h h h h h û i i ih ûh
ȇ AbǛŧȋj _Aŋń AŊŠɪb يʄń AŊŠɪ BjŊŭů‹ űȲļȿ jŏɉɁ
h h h û ğ hh h ih ûh h ğ ğ h h û ğ
ƅ Bj
Ŋŭů‹ jĬ‹ ȇ `bǛŧȬ ŴŽjȑ‹ `j? Bj
ô Ŋŭů‹ jĬ‹
h
hh
x h x Šh h
û
h
f Ŋh Šh űû Źi h ɉbh Ůžj
ȇbh Ͷ űx Ȏj = BA
Űũ şɮŲ ͵ `źŅji ŰŧȬi
l i h h ğ
h
i h
h h h
ĵŲh bh ð Ůĸû Ȱ ŴjŲ ūžû ŰŠ ĵŶh ŕû ŕh ũ ĵŲh ĵŶh Ųû ŋğ ńh AbIĵŸ ŴŽj
ȑ‹
h
h
i
ğ
û
h
i l i h
h h h
`j? űğ Ȫ ͷ `źųji ŰŞȬh űû Źi ŏh ŧŵ= Aźm ŵǽ ŴȲ
j Š ɧbh űû Źi Šɰųû Űŝ
l h i h
ğ h ğ
h h
Ġ l AźŰi ųŠh ŴŽj
ūj ɉŠə ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj AźiķĵĻ űğ Ȫ pĹۊʇh hƎj ;h źm ŏɉ‹
j h ȓj ɉ ūɅKh
ğ
h ğ h ğ lm i h û hh
f ńKğ xKźŧi Ťh hů ĵŸjh ʼnšû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ū
`j? ͸ űžj
ɅK `j? AźŅŰŔ=b
û
h
i h û h q h ğk q h q ğ i h h h Šh û
h ȡǬû ųi ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų ū
ǻj
Ž űɉb ĵŧžj Ŷń jĬj ĵļj ŵĵũ ĹŲ= `ǽ űžjŸɷķj?
j
hk q h
û jŷųši ȫû Ɓ
h û Ġ h ǓŠ h ? ŷi Š Ɗʼnh Ÿh bh ŷi Š Ƌhȼļh Ł‹
ˈž
j j
ˏ j j ˊŋjŬĵő ͹
p jŪļŏŲ Qp Š ɷŔ
h
ûĠ
ğ q
h
Ŵh ųj ɉ j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ Ǎj ÿŷi ŵ˯ ð ĹŶh ŏh ńh ĵžh ȫȐ‹
Ǎj ŷi Šɰh žû ȩA;h bh ͺ
h h h mhû h ûh ğ i
ğ
h Ņjۊɻů‹
h ŸŠɷh ûķ? Ĺh Űjğ Ɋ şû ĸğĻ‹ `= ū
ûȎj? ĵŶžńb= űȪ ͻ ǻ
űžj
j
j
j j
h ȡǬû ųi û ɉ‹ Ŵjh Ų `h ǽh ĵŲh bh ðĵŧžjq Ŷńh
ğ Ůh jšŁi ĵųh ȫğ ? ͼ ǻj
i ĸû ŏɉ‹
ĺ
j
j
evident Arabic tongue. 104 Indeed, those who do not
believe in Allah’s signs—Allah does not guide
them, and for them is a painful punishment. 105
Indeed, it is those who do not believe in Allah’s
signs who fabricate falsehood, and those are the
liars. 106 Whoever has denied Allah after attaining
faith—except for someone who was compelled a
while his heart rests securely in faith, but (rather)
whoever (willingly) opens a chest to denial—upon
them is wrath from Allah, and for them is a great
punishment. 107 That is because they have sought
the love of the Earlier Life over the Hereafter, and
because Allah does not guide the denying people.
Those are the ones whose hearts and hearing and
108
sight(s) Allah has sealed, and those are the oblivious
ones. 109 Without doubt, in the Hereafter they are
the losers. 110 Then surely yoursg Lord—for those
who emigrated after being persecuted, then strove
and patiently persevered—indeed, your Lord
thereafter is surely Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of
mercy. 111 On the day when every single self comes
arguing for itself, and every soul is paid in full (for)
what it has done, and they are not done any injustice.
And Allah set forth a parable: a town that was
112
safe (and) secure, its provision coming to it
abundantly from everywhere. Yet it denied Allah’s
blessings, so Allah made it taste the garment of
hunger and fear on account of what they used to do.
And very truly, a messenger from among them
113
had come to them, but they disbelieved him, so the
punishment seized them while they were unjust. 114
So eat pl of the lawful and good things Allah has
provided for you, and be thankful for Allah’s
blessing, if it is Him that you worship. 115 Indeed,
He has only forbidden youpl carrion and blood and
the flesh of swine and anything consecrated to other
than Allah; but if anyone is compelled by necessity
without being deliberate or transgressing, then
Allah is indeed Oft-Forgiving, Bestowing of mercy.
And do not say lies concerning that which your
116
tongues describe: “This is lawful and this is
unlawful,” in order to fabricate lies and attribute
them to Allah; indeed, those who fabricate lies and
attribute them to Allah do not succeed. 117 A brief
enjoyment, then for them is a painful punishment.
And for the ones who Judaized We have
118
prohibited what We related to yousg before, and in
a
God excuses anyone who is compelled to renounce his/her faith.
185
PART 14. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
l ih û h ğ hh
i û hh h ğh ğ
ȑ‹ ȇ
_h źû hŽ űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ űi ȲŅ
Ȏ ūɅK `˯ jŷˏ žjȯ AźŧŰļh ҋ ŴŽj
h
l i h h
h i hûh
h
h Š i û
h h û
ūjɅk Kh Ůž
j j ȼŎ Ǔj? SI‹ ͽ `źŧj Űļƞ jŷžjȯ Aźŵǽ ĵųžjȯ jĹųŠɱjŪů‹
h
û
ğ
i û ɉjʼnŠɕh bh ˌjĹŶh ŏh ơ‹
i h û h j Ʋůĭ
h û jĹŞjh Šźû ųh û ɉ‹bh jĹųh ŭjû ơĭ
ķ
ű
Ź
ôŴŏń= Ǘ
jķ
j j
i û h h h h h ğ h ğ ğ h h l i h i û h h h û h i h h ğğ h h ğ h
h_hi źû hŽû hűû Źi h Ŷh i ûɀhķh űi Ȳ
`j?
űŰŠ= źŸb ĀjŷjŰžŅ
ŗ Ŵjŷˏ ųžjj ȯķ űAźŰŧŠŰļ= ҋźŸŴŽjūȑ‹ɅK ȇ
j ȼŎȎ ŴūŠɅKŮ`˯
h k h i û h i Š h h i û û l i h h h i ûh û i h û h h û l i h h h h û Š h i û û
Aźŵǽ;ĵųžjŴŽj
ȯ ʼnjĹųļŹɱųjŪɉĭů‹j ķ
ĀjūðŷjķɅKűŮž
ļj ĸj ũj źȼŎŠ Ǔ
ĵŲj ? ŮS
Aźĸj `ź
ũĵšŧjȯŰűļƞ
ļĸȰjŷȕžjȯ`˯
j ĿI‹ųj j ķ ͽ
h
û
ğ û i û Š h h ğ h h k h x û h h i hû h û û i h û h h û û h
iŏ
h jh Ʋ
û
ihû Ŕ
h bǚˌŠ ɻŰj
ɕ
jĹŶŏůơ‹
Ŵ
ńû h = ĵǗ
ůĭ
ŹɉjʼnŴɆ
ô]h ǚ
Ųb ǚj j Ŕ‹j ķbh űͿ
ǞŇjĹŞjźh ŠŹźɉ ųűɉ‹ȩbǚjĹŔųŭjŴơĭ
Ɍůbjh ķ
j
j
j
h û h i
h ğ h û h h h û hi û h h û h h h i h ğ ğ h ğ ğ
ūɅj ķK ƅ
`jj ??
űĵi ųjğ ŰɊk Š= Ũźh žû Ÿŗhbh ĀjǍŷj j Űžū
ȼj i Ŏh hĻ ŴƅŠbh Ůűû ŗ
ŰŠ= ƅźbŸ jôĬĭ
Źj žŰŴ
Šųjķ`Ōűƕ
p
û
l
ûğ
h h ʼnļh i Źû i ųi ɉĭû hķ
i h ļi ĸjû ũźğ Ši ğ ĵlŲh hŮğ Ŀû ųj j ķ h Aźĸji ğ ũĵšh ȯh h h űû ļi ĸû h Ȱh ğ ȕh `˯
űĀjðŷŸj ķ űŴŽj
ȑ‹b AźŪj ȩ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ şŲ Ĭ‹ `j? ;
΀ ŴŽj`b
ŋŭųjȬ
k
h
ğ x û h h i û i û h h h i ûh Ġ h
û h
û Ŕ‹
i û Ŕh ĵŲh bh ǚ
h Š ɻŰj
]h ǚ
ů ǞŇ źŹɉ ű΁
ȩǚ`ź
Ŕ ŶŴjŏj ɌƤ
ůb
j b Ϳ ŴɆǚ
jj
ğ
h
h
h
h
ğ
h
i h
h û û
ĵųjğ Ɋk Ũp žû ŗ Ǎj ūĻ ƅbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ `Ōh ƕ ƅbh jôĬĭjķ ƅ j ?
h i i h ğ ğ l hğ h ğ h h hğ ğ
űŸ ŴŽj
ȑ‹b AźŪȩ‹ ŴŽjȑ‹ şŲ Ĭ‹ `j? ΀ `bŋi ŭųû Ȭh
h i ûĠ
`ź
Ŷ jŏƤ
΁
i
i
h
h û
j;AǦ
ƃA
j CKźŎ˺̀
ğ
ğ
ğ
űžj
ń
ŋɉ‹
˵
ŋɉ‹
Ĭ‹
ƈ
j
j
no way did We do them any injustice, but to
themselves they used to do injustice. 119 But indeed
yoursg Lord, towards those who did evil in ignorance
and then repented afterwards and reformed—
indeed, your sg Lord thereafter is surely OftForgiving, Bestowing of mercy. 120 Indeed,
Abraham was a nation, devout towards Allah,
turning away from all that is false, for never was he
of the polytheists. 121 (He was) thankful for His
blessings. He elected him and guided him to a
straight path. 122 And Wea brought him goodness in
the Earlier (Life), and in the Hereafter he is surely of
the righteous. 123 Then We revealed to you sg:
“Followsg the creed of Abraham, who turned away
from all that is false, for never was he of the
polytheists.” 124 Indeed, the Sabbath was ordained
upon those who differed over it. And most surely,
yoursg Lord will judge between them on the Day of
Resurrection regarding whatever they used to differ
over. 125 Callsg to the way of your Lord with wisdom
and good admonition, and debate with them by that
which is better. Indeed, it is your Lord Who knows
better of those who stray from His way, and it is He
Who knows better of those who are guided. 126 And
if youpl punish, then punish with the like of that with
which you were punished. But if you resort to
patience, it is surely better for the patient ones. 127
So be patient sg, for your patience is solely from
Allah. And do not grieve over them and do not be
distressed because of what they scheme. 128 Indeed,
Allah is with those who are mindful (of Him) and
those who excel in doing good.
h
h Ŏiû h ˺̀
q û h Ci Kź
h û
h ĸû Ŏi
ûŏųh û ɉ‹ Ŵjhj;ŲAk Ǧ
û
m ȑ‹ğ Ŵh Šɳ
h
h û ʼnj ł
ƃA
Š
j
j_Aŋh ơ‹
ƆȎ Āj aʼnj ĸšjķ cǦ= dj
j
ğ h ûh û
ğ h û h˵
ğ ğ jĬ‹
h
û hû h
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Š
ũƁ‹ ʼnj ł
ĵŶȡŋɐ djȑ‹ ĵŕƈ
j ŏųɉ‹ Ǔj?
j
h Ɋi ĵŶh ûɀhĻA;h bh ̂ Ǟ
ğ źh Ÿi ÿŷi ğŵ? ôm ĵŶh j ļŠɔAh ;h
i ŕj hȊ‹û şž
i ųj ŏɉ‹
ƽź
j
ûl i
q û h k û h Š h û h û m ğ h h û ûi
û
h
k
û
ğ
h
h
h
h
h Ŏû Ȏj ? ƴ
_Aj ŋŲj ơ‹
ŴjŲ;ĢʴƆ
Ŵh Šɳ
šjķʼnq cŸi Ǧ
m Ājj aȊh ʼnj j ĸc
Šɮjh ŭĸŎů‹
j ļğ ȩh ŏƅųɉ‹Ɂ ŮŽj
Ŵ
šh Łh ȑ‹
bh Ķ
AbŊʼnjň
ŷi Šɰh =Űdj
jł
hû
q ŏû ųh h û ɉ‹ Ǔh i ?
û q Ųû h ÿŷi h Ɇh ǝjh i ů i ÿğ Ȕi h źû ńh i ĵh Ŷh ȡûh ŋh Š ɐhh û h djh ȑ‹ğû h ĵŕ
h h ğ k ũû Ɓ‹
i ʼnj ł
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j
Aʼnĸȭ `ǽ ÿŷŵj? Gź
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j Ij
û
m
h h Ɋi û ĵŶh ûɀhĻA;h bh h ̂h û Ǟ
i ŕj hȊ‹h şž
i h ųj ŏɉ‹
m ğ h û h źh h Ÿi h ÿŷi ğŵj? ô ĵq Ŷh j ļiŠ ɔAh ;h
ƽź
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m
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;
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j k ĵŶžŘũbû ̄ ˊKźŭőû
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h h
ğ h i Šɮjh ŭû i ů‹h
h ğ hq i ŷi Šɰh h Űû šh Łh bh Ķ
m hj ûc
Ģ ʴğ h Ŏ
q ļȩĸŬƅˊɁźkq iŰŮŽjŠi ;Ŵ
Ŵ
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Űšȋbh j Ȋǻ
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AJjıŲj Ŧ Ab̅Ŋň
j ȩŋʼnɊŸP˱
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q û û h h h l h i m h i ğ q g h i h û h i h ûû h h h û h h û h h h ğ k ih i h i q i û h h h m h i
ʼnp ĸįȭķ Ƞ
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ĵŶŰžŰƧŠ ŴĵŶŲĿšĹȨɆjKĵųJŹ̃
AM
Š ƋůbƆžj
ˏ ĸjŠŵ şűŲȲ
= ʼnȡŠbb Țb
;j ĵŁI
j b= ĵȍ j AIĵ
h
û
h q Ģ û h û h m h h h Š k m h û h h h h l i h h q i hh
q Ǎi û ğ ŮŽj
ğ j Ȫi Š ɮjh ̆
h j ?`Ȣƴbhj ķKĵǓ
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ő
j ? ĵŮŶžŠ ʄjŘ
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šj ŧŲ Aʼn;ŠʴbŎ
ŇũbAźŎĵ̄łŦˊKź
ʼnp Žjŭʼnő
ˏj ŽjȐ‹
h
û
h
h h
ğ i ûih
q ĸŬh ˊźkq iŰŠi Ŵğ iŰšû hȋbh ǻû ȩh ŋğ Ɋh P˱
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj `ʼnjŏ
ŧȋ
AJjıŦ ̅ ˊǞ
j
j
ûh li m ğ q h
i
h i û mh
i ûh h hûh h
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p įķ Ƞj b= ĵhȍ AIĵĸjŠ űû ȲžŰŠ ĵŶĿšȨ ĵųh Źi Š Ƌůb= ʼnŠbh ;h ĵŁ
q û qû h h
i
h hŦ ʼnŽjʼnőh
k Ůh Š ʄjh Ň l AźŎĵ
i ł
űğ Ȫ ̆ ƅźši ŧŲğ AʼnŠbh `Ȣbh ˏjKĵhŽjȐ‹
p
17. The Night Journey
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
Highly Exalted is the One Who took His servant
on a journey by night from the Inviolable Mosqueb
to the Farthest Mosquec, whose precincts Wea have
blessed, in order to show him of Our signs; indeed,
He is the All-Hearing,
the All-Seeing. 2 And We
brought Moses the Scripture and made it guidance
1
a
b
c
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
Al-masjid Al-Harām
in Makkah.
Al-masjid Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem.
186
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
i Šh û h û h h û û h h h ğ h û i i h h û h h
h ȿɅh bh ^Šʆh Ųû hįķ űȲ
ɓIʼnŲ=b űŹj žŰŠ Cŋŭů‹ űȲů ĵŵIIK
ǻ
j p j
h
h
û h û i Šh û h h h
i ŏh ńû = űû ļȿ
i ŏh ńû = `û ? ̇ AǞ
e jŧhŵ ǜ
hhȱ
= űȲɰŰšŁb
űû ļȿ
j
û
h
m
h h hh i
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û
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j Cŋjh Ň˖‹ ʼni Šbh ;h ĵŁh AJjıŦ ô ĵŹh ŰŦ űû ȩɂŎh = `˯ ðűû Ȳ
jŏŧŵƁj
h h i i h h h h h û hû l i i ûh h û i h i i l
^bğ = aź
ŰŇI ĵųŬ ʼnł
j ŏųɉ‹ AźŰŇʼnȎj b űȲŸźŁb A˷
h û i Ġh
e ĸȽû hĻ l Aźû hŰŠh ĵŲh l Abǚ
i k hȽiȎj bh p ˅ŋğ Ɋh
Š h Šh ̈ AǞ
`= űȲɅK ƿ
j
j
û
û
h
û
Ġ
i hh ûh
h ŋŧj Š ʃŰj ɉ űh Ŷğ Źh Łh ĵŶh Űšh Łh bh ô ĵhŵʼnû Ši űû ȩʼnŠi `˯ űô û Ȳ
ŴɆ
ƧŋŽ
j
h
h h û iû h Šh ğ
e ŕj ńh
i j k hȼɆi bh _i źh ûũ= Ǘ
h j ƲŰjğ ɉ djʼnŹû Ȭh `A
Ǭ
;ŋŪů‹ AŊɪ `j? ̉ AǞ
j
h ğ h i û h ȑ‹ğ ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
qˊǞĸŬh ˊŋq Łû h= űû Źi h ɉ `ğ h= ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ `źŰųh šȬh ŴŽj
j
h h û h
h h
h
û h h ğ ğ hh
ĵeķAŊŠ űû Źi ɉ ĵŵʼnû ļh ȭ= j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭjķ `źŶji ŲİiŽ ƅ ŴŽj
ȑ‹ `=b ̊
û
û
m
h
i ûhh
h
h
û Ƣĭ
h ķ ÿia;h ȕh Ii Ǭɉĭ
q Ȏj h=
k ğ ķ Ŵi ɹȸ
Š
ƃ‹
S
ʼn
Ɇ
b
`Ȣbh ˌǞ
̋
ĵ
ų
j
j
j
j
j
q i h i h û
mhû h h h ûhh h h hğ h hûğ hû h h h
Š ƃ‹
ĵŵźŅųȯ ˌǻ
j ȽŽA; KĵŹȍ‹b ŮȎ‹ ĵŶŰšŁb ̌ ƅźłŠ Ŵɹȸ
j
q
k
ğ
l
û
û h i
qh ûi hğ hh h mh h h h û hh h
ŴjŲk ƆŘŦ AźŤļh ûȼhȋj CDz
j ĸŲ jKĵŹȍ‹ ĹŽA; ĵŶŰšŁb Ůj Ȏ‹ ĹŽA;
û
i kğ
h h h h j k Ih ʼnh Šh l Aźųi hŰšû h jȋbh űû Ȳ
û h Ȥğ i bh Bĵ
p;ƾ
ô ŏj ơ‹b ǻjȿŏɉ‹
j ɅK
h
q
û
û
ğih
û h iŠh ğ h
Šh
Ģ h ŷi Šɰh Ųû Ōh ɉɁ Ŵɹȸ
Ǎj ÿiaŋh j Ɍʝ
g j ? Ȥb ̍ Ɔžŕj ŧȩ ŷɰŰŕŦ
h
û
ûi
i h iŠ hû h qŠh
i
e Œȿ
̎ AKź
Ų ŷƋŪŰŽ ĵĸɮjŬ jĹųh Šɱh jŪů‹ _h źû hŽ ÿȔi Fi ŋj Ɲbh ĀjðŷjŪŶi ȭ
h ûh h h ûhû h û h Š h h h hŠh ûh û
q jŏńh ū
Ŵj Ųğ ̏ ĵĸɀ
žŰŠ _źȎ‹ ū jŏŧŶjķ ǏŬ ūĸɮjŬ =ŋũ‹
Ġ
û
ğ h ğ h
ğ h Š hhû
ŮŘj hŽ ĵųh ȫjıŦ Ůŗ ŴŲh bh Ājðŷ jŏŧh jȍ djʼnļh Źû Ȭh ĵųh ȫjıŦ c
ʼnļŸ‹
i
û h û x h h i h hh hûh h
h ȨjŊk šh Ųi ĵŶğ Ŭi ĵŲh bh c
Š ğ ńh ǻ
Ʋ
ñ Š ŋh Ň= KLjb CKjLAb KŌj Ļ ƅb ô ĵŹžŰŠ
j
q
h h e h h Ġ h mhû h mh
h h
ĵŵŋû Ɋh = ĹɆh ŋû ũ ūj ŰŹû ȫ `= ĵŵIKh = AJ˯ ̐ ƅźŎi Kh Ľšh ĸû ȫ
hh
h i hû
h
h hŦ ĵŹžj
h ȯ l AźŪi ŏh ŧh ȯh ĵŹžj
h ȯǛ
h û Ųi
ĵŹh Šɓŋû Ųğ ʼnh Ŧ ^źû Ūů‹ ĵŹh žû ŰŠ Ũğ Ņ
h
û hûh û hh
i
q Ųʼnû hĻ
i Ūi ûů‹ Ŵjh Ų ĵŶh ŭ
Š h ȡbh Gź
pˍ ŵ ʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj `b
Ǐ
ŋ
ŰŸ= űȡb ̑ ˊǞj
j
h kh
i ŋiŽ `h ǽh ŴŲğ ̒ ˊǞ
h ĸŇh Āj ajIĵĸjh Š BźiŵŊi ķ ū
q ŕj hķ ˊüǞ
ʼnɆ
j
j j j Ʌŋjķ
j
û
i i Ġ h im hh h h
i h h û ğ h h h ĵšh ûů‹
ĵŶh Űšh Łh űğ Ȫ ʼnɆ
j
jŋŵ Ŵųj ɉ ;ĵŒȸ ĵŲ ĵŹžjȯ ÿȔ ĵŶŰłŠ ĹŰŁ
for the Children of Israel: “Takea none for trustee
other than Me, 3 (O) offspring of those We carried
with Noah; indeed, he was a constantly thankful
servant.” 4 And We decreed for the Children of
Israel in the Scripture: “You will most surely
corrupt in the land twice, and you will most surely
rise to a great height. 5 Then when the promise of
the first of the two times came true, We sent against
youpl servants of Ours possessing intense force, and
they ransacked the homes, and it was a promise
fulfilled.” 6 Then We gave youpl back your turn
against them and supplied you with wealth and
offspring and made you more numerous. 7 If you
excel in doing good, you excel in doing good to
your own benefit; and if you do evil, you do so
against yourselves. Then when the promise of the
second time comes true, theyb will defile your faces,
and they will enter the Mosque as they entered it
the first time, and they will utterly destroy all that
falls into their power. 8 Hopefully your pl Lord will
have mercy on you. But if you revert, We c will
revert. And We have made Hell a prison for the
deniers. 9 Indeed, this Recitald guides to what is
most upright and gives glad tidings to the believers
who do righteous deeds that for them there is a
supreme reward, 10 and that those who do not
believe in the Hereafter—We have prepared for
them a painful punishment. 11 And man calls for
evil as he calls for good, and man has always been
very hasty. 12 And We have made the night and the
day as two signs, then We erased the sign of the
night and made the sign of the day as an eye-opener,
that youpl may seek grace from your Lorde and that
you may learn the number of years and the
calculation; and everything have We explained in
detail. 13 And for every person We have attached his
augury to his neck, and on the Day of Resurrection
We will bring out for him a recordf which he will
find spread openg. 14 “Recitesg your record; today
your own self is sufficient as a reckoner.” 15 Whoever
Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . for the Children of Israel, that they may take none for trustee other than Me.
. . .”
Ibn ʻAmer, Shuʻba, Hamza and Khalaf read it as: “. . . He will defile
Al-Kesa’i read itas: “. . . We will defile . . .”
c
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
d
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
e
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
f
Literally, ‘scripture’.
Qg
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and on the Day of Resurrection a record, which he will receive spread open, is brought out for him.”
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . and on the Day of Resurrection a record, which he will find spread open, comes out for him.”
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . and on the Day of Resurrection We will bring out for him a record which he will receive spread open.”
Qa
Qb
187
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
h h
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q ńi ʼnû Ųğ ĵŲź
CŋjŇ˖‹ IAKh = Ŵû Ųh bh ̓ ˊKź
h h hh
h h h h ih
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Š Ŏb
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q
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q Ɋi Ŋû Ųh ʼnh ši Ūû ļh ȯh ŋh ŇA
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q ŋŬh ƅq źû hũ ĵųh Źi ğ ɉ Ůiũbh ĵųh Ÿi ŋû Źh Ŷû ȩh ƅh bh [k i= m ĵųh Źi ğ ɉ ŮŪi ȩh
̘ ĵųɆ
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k
Ġ h h h h ih û û h
ûhû k ğ ih hûğ h
ĵųh Źi ƧK‹
B
j K Ůũb jĹƧŋɉ‹ ŴjŲ ^j ȑ‹ GĵŶŁ ĵųŹɉ Ŗjŧҋb
hû h i
ii
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q Ťj Ŕh ƭĵžh Ʌğ Kh ĵųh Ŭh
űô û ȲjŎźŧȫ Ǎj ĵųh j ķ űi ŰŠ= űû ȲɅĠ Kğ ̙ ˊǞ
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ƅb Ůž
j ;h bh
j j ȼŏɉ‹ ŴȨ‹b ǻjŭŏųj ɉ‹b ÿŷŪń ȗ
ğ h Šh û lm i h h k h i û ğ
h Œɉ‹
e Ŋĸû ȩh Kjû Ŋk ĸh ȩi
Š
ɱ
`ʆŇj? Aźŵǽ ŴɆjKjŊĸųɉ‹ `j? ̛ AŋŽj
ś
j
ˌǻ
j
ğ h hh
h
h i ğ
q ŧi Ŭh ĀjŷɅk ŋjh ɉ Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
`Ȣb
űi Źi Ŷû ȭ Ŵğ ŗŋj šû ȩ ĵŲ˯
̜ ˊKź
j
h i ûh h kğ k hûh hmh û
q ŏi ûɀŲğ ƅq źû hũ űû Źi ğ ɉ ŮŪi ȯh ĵŸź
̝ ˊKź
ŁŋĻ ūjɅK ŴjŲ pĹƧK ;ĵŤjļķ‹
ği
û ûh h
h h h i h eh iû
ȁ ĵŹh śû ŏi ûȼĻ ƅbh ūjŪŶi ȭ ǓŠ j ? ĹůźŰŤŲh ]h ʼnh hŽ Ůšh Ə ƅbh
h k i i ûh h ğh ğ
e i ûğ q i h h i ûhh û hû
\Lû ŋɉ‹
j řŏȼŽ ūɅK `j? ̞ AKźŏƤ ĵŲźŰɊ ʼnšŪļȯ řj ŏȼů‹
h
h ĸŇh Āj ajIĵĸh jšķ `h ǽh ÿŷi ğŵ? Kji ʼnŪû Ɇh bh ;i m ĵŒh h ȹ Ŵųjh ɉ
q ŕj hķ ˊüǞ
ƅbh ̟ ˊǞ
jô
j
j
ğ û i ğ û i i i û h i û ğ Šh û h h û h û i h Šh û h l m i i û h
`j? űô ȱĵŽ˯ űŹȰLŋŵ ŴƗ ˌŨp ʄŲj? ĹžŒŇ űȱʼnɧb= AźŰļŪȩ
h h ğ Ģh k l ih ûh hh
q h q û h h û ihûh
`ǽ ÿŷi ŵj? ð Ț
Ōɉ‹
j AźɅŋŪȩ ƅb ̠ ˊǞj ĸŬ ĵnZśjŇ `ǽ űŹŰļȰ
q
ğ
m
q h Šh
û l i ûh h
_h ŋğ ńh Ʋj ů‹ ōh ŧğȍ‹ AźŰļi Ūȩ ƅbh ̡ Ɔžj ȼŎh ;h ĵŎh bh ĹŒŅ
j ɤ
ğ iğ
û
h h q i û h h i h h k hû
Ājŷj Ȏk j źjh ɉ ĵŶh Űšh Łh ʼnû Ūȯ ĵŲź
ŰŞŲ Ůjļũ ŴŲb ˍŨj ơĭjķ ƅj? Ĭ
‹
is guided—he is only guided to his own benefit,
while whoever goes astray—he goes astray to his
own detriment. And no bearer of burden carries the
burden of another, for never do We punish until We
have sent a messenger. 16 And when We want to
annihilate a town We commanda its affluent ones (to
be righteous), yet they defiantly disobey (Our commands)
in it, so it deserves the decree and We annihilate it
completely. 17 And how many generations have We
annihilated after Noah? Thus sufficient is your
Lordb as All-Aware, All-Seeing of the misdeeds of
His servants. 18 Whoever has been wanting the
hasty (life of this world) —We hasten for him therein
whatever We will to whomever We desire. Then We
assignedc for him Hell where he roasts, condemned,
defeated. 19 But whoever wanted the Hereafter and,
as a believer, pursued it as it should be pursued,
those—their pursuit has always been thanked. 20 To
all—these and these (as well) —We extend from the
gifts of yoursg Lordb, for the gifts of your Lord have
never been restricted. 21 Look sg at how We have
favored some of them over others, yet the Hereafter
is more superior in degrees (of rank) and more
superior in preference. 22 Dosg not set up another god
with Allah, lest you remain condemned, damned.
And your sg Lord has decreed that youpl shall
23
worship none but Him, and (He has decreed) excelling
in doing good to both parents. If either of them or
both of them reach old age with yousg, then do not
say to them “Fie” nor scold them, but speak to them
using noble words. 24 And lower to them the wingd
of humility, out of mercy, and say, “My Lord, have
mercy on both of them as they raised me when I was
a child.” 25 Your pl Lord knows better what is within
yourselves. If you are righteous—indeed, He has
always been Oft-Forgiving to the ones who often
turn (to Him). 26 And givesg the relative his rights, and
the destitutesg and the traveler in need, and do not
squander wastefully. 27 Indeed, the squanderers
have always been brethren of the Satans, for Satan
has always been a staunch denier of his Lord. 28 But
if yousg disregard them, seeking mercye which you
expect from your Lord, then speak to them using
Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . We make its affluent ones in command, yet they . . .”
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
c
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the Hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
d
An expression that implies showing compassion.
e
According to exegetes, ‘mercy’ here means ‘provision’.
Qa
b
188
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
h
i Ųh `h ǽh ÿŷi ğŵ? Ůļû Ūh ûů‹ Ǎk [Ǫû i ȹ Ɔh hŦ ĵŶq Šɽh ûŰŎi
q ŕŶ
ƅbh ̢ ˊKź
j ˌj
j j
ğ
û h h l ûh
ğ
h iûh Šğ h i h û h h
ŢŰĸȬ Ʋń Ŵŏń= Ǘj Ʋj ůĭjķ ƅj? űž
j j ȽhȎ‹ ^ĵŲ AźɅi ŋh Ūȩ
q
û ğ
û l i h
l iûhh
h h
ih
AźŦb=b ̣ ƅźnZi ŏû Ɋh `ǽ ʼnh Źû šh ů‹ `j? ˌʼnj Źû šh ůĭjķ AźŦbû =bh ÿô iaʼnğ ő=
h û
h û i û j śh ŏû Ūûůĭķ l AźiŵLbh űû ļi û AJh ? Ůh žû ŭ
xǞû Ňh ūjh ɉŠəh űž
ů‹
jǿ j
j j j
ˏ j jŪļŏųɉ‹ Mĵ
û
h
q h
h
ğ û
i ûh h
h h
`j? űô f ŰjŠ Ājŷjķ ūɉ ōh ûɀů ĵŲh ťŪȩ ƅbh ̤ ƆɆjbįĻ Ŵi ŏh ńû =bh
q
h h h h h i Ġi h h iû h h hû h h û ğ
ƅźnZi ŏû Ɋh ŷi Ŷû ȭ `ǽ ūjɌʤĢ bl = ȁ IAİŧů‹bh Dz
Ȋ‹b şųŏɉ‹
h
h
û
h û h ûh h h ğ
h h
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj Őj ųû ȩ ƅbh ̥
P˱Ɓ‹ \jŋƛ Ŵů ūŵj? ðĵńe ŋh Ɋh P˱
q
h û hiûh hh
Ġi
h Š ÿŷi Ĵi kɀŎh `h ǽh ūjh ɉŠəh ȁ
ʼnŶj
̦ ƅźŚi ^ĵĸh Ơ‹
j ŢŰĸȩ Ŵůb
j
h
h
m
q iû h h kh
h
h
Ģ h bû = ĵųjğ Ɋ ūjh ɉŠəh ̧ ĵŸb
ŋŭŲ ūjɅK
Ŵjh Ų ūɅĠ Kh ūûȎj? Ƹ
h
û
h
h h eŠ ğ h h ûhû hh h û û
Š h Űļi ȯh ŋh ŇA
űh Ŷğ Źh Łh Ǎj ǐ
; ĵŹɧj? jĬ‹ şŲ ŮšƏ ƅb ˍjĹųŭj ơ‹
ğ
û
hh
i Ġh û i Š h û hhh
q iŰɊh
h ȿhȊĭķ űȲ
e ńi ʼnû Ųğ ĵŲź
Ŋƛ‹bh ǻ
ɅK űȲƋŧŔįŦ= ̨ AKź
j j
hh
h i i h h û i ğ e Šh h Ģ h h û h
q Şj Šh ƅe źû hũ `ź
ʼnû Ūůbh ̩ ĵųž
ɉźŪȋ űȲŵj? ô ĵĿɓj? jĹŭjɌˁųɉ‹ ŴjŲ
ğ
l
i ŌhŽ ĵŲh bh Abŋi Ŭğ Ŋğ Ȏh j `A;h ŋû Ūi ûů‹ AŊh Šɪh Ǎ ĵŶh ȯû Ǯ
q ŧi ȫi ƅ? űû Ÿi ʼnɆ
ğ h
ˊKź
j
j
j
j
h l h ğ q h i i
h x
h h ğ i
ǓŠ j ? Aźû Ťļh Ȩû ˔ AJj? `źɉźŪȬh ĵųh Ŭ ĹŹjh ɉA;h ÿm ŷi šh Ųh `ǽ źû ů Ůũ ̪
q
û
h i i
h Šh Šh h h i h Š h û i
`źɉźŪȬh ĵųğ ȭ ǔ
ɿĻb ÿŷŶɳĸŎ ̫ ƆžjȼŎh Nj ŋû šh ů‹ djJ
i hû
i Š ʆh Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ğ D
ğ Ȕi h Ńi ĸk ŏh i ȶ ̬ ˊǞ
q ĸŬh ˊźkq iŰŠi
ŴŲh bh P˱Ɓ‹bh şi ĸû ŏɉ‹
j
j
ğ
ğ
hŠ h
h
h
i
û ŴjŲk `˯ ôŴğ Źžjȯ
ƅ ŴȲ
j ɧb Āj aʼnj ųû Ɣj Ńi j ĸk ŏh ȹ ƅj? ;g ƾ
j
h
h
h
h
ğ
i
h
h
h ȼŏû ȶ `źŹi Ūh ŧû ȩh
q ŧȮ ĵųžj
e Űńh `ǽ ÿŷi ŵ? űû Źi Ņž
AJ˯ ̭ ˊKź
j ô
j
h i ûi h h ğ hûhh h hûh hû h h h h û iû h ûhh
`źŶjŲİŽ ƅ ŴŽjȑ‹ ǻɅb ūŶɀķ ĵŶŰšŁ `A;ŋŪů‹ D=ŋũ
h
i i Šh h h û h h h
e
h ń j Cŋjh Ň˖ĭķ
q łj
q ļi ŏû Ųğ ĵȨĵ
ĹŶğ ȱ
ĵŶŰšŁb ̮ ˊKź
j = űû Źj j ɅźŰũ ȇ
j
h
h
û
h
h
h
û
h
h
h
m bh iaźŹi ŪŧȬh `=
Ǎj ūɅğ Kh Dŋû ŬJ AJ˯ ˊô ŋq ũbh űû Źj j ŵAJA;h ȝ
j
h
h
l
ğ
hi û h i û ğ
h
q ŧi ȫi űjû ŸŋŠ ɐh Iû = ȇ
hû iû
Ģ Aźû ůbh ÿiaʼnh ńû bh `A
űŰŠ= ŴƗ ̯ ˊKź
j ;ŋŪů‹
j
û Ģ hûh û i û h ûh h i h ûh û m h i h ûh h
Jj? c
źƑ űŸ J˯ ūȎj? `źšųj ļŏȹ Jj? Ājŷjķ `źšųj ļŏȹ ĵųjķ
gentle words. 29 And do not keep your hand tied to
your necka nor spread it out fully, lest you end up
blamed, regretful. 30 Indeed, your Lord extends
provision for whomever He wills and He restrains
(it); indeed, He has always been All-Aware, AllSeeing of His servants. 31 And dopl not kill your
children for fear of poverty; We provide for them
and for youpl. Indeed, killing them has always been
a grave offense. 32 And do pl not come near
fornication; indeed, it is an obscenity and an evil
way. 33 And dopl not kill the self which Allah has
made inviolable, except in the course of justice.
And if someone is killed unjustly, We have given
authority to his kinsman who seeks retribution, but
heb should not be excessive in killing; indeed, he is
bound to be aided. 34 And dopl not come near the
orphan’s wealth except with that which is better (for
him), until he has attained his full strength. And
fulfill every covenant; indeed, the covenant has
always been a responsibility. 35 And give pl full
measure when you measure, and weigh with
accu rate scales; that is fair and the best
determination. 36 And dosg not follow what you have
no knowledge of; indeed, the hearing and the sight
and the burning heart—all of those— (one) is bound
to be questioned about. 37 And dosg not walk merrily
on earth; yousg will surely not pierce the earth, nor
will you match the mountains in height. 38 All of
that— its evil has always beenc disliked by your
Lord. 39 That is some of the wisdom yoursg Lord has
revealed to you. And do not set up with Allah
another god, lest you be thrown in Hell, blamed,
banished. 40 Has your pl Lord favored you with sons
and taken for Himself from the angels females?
Youpl are certainly saying a greatd saying. 41 And
very truly, We have explained in this Recitale in
various ways, that they may constantly rememberf,
but it only adds to their aversion. 42 Saysg, “If there
were other gods with Him as theyg say, they would
have sought a way to the Possessor of the Throne.”
Highly Exalted is He. He is Most High, far above
43
what they say. 44 Exalting Him are the seven heavens
A metaphor formiserliness.
Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . but yousg should not be excessive . . .”
Qc
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr, Abu Jaʻfar and Yaʻqub read it as: “All of that has always been an evil deed before yoursg
Lord (and) disliked.”
d
The Arabic word azeem is sometimes used with a negative connotation to denote the seriousness of a matter.
e
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qf
Hamza, Al Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “. . . that they may remember . . .”
Qg
All except for Ibn Kathir and Hafs read it as: “. . . as youpl say . . .”
a
Qb
189
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
h i ğh
h i ğ i ih
i
i ŏû Ųğ Ɔq Łi Kh ƅğ ? `ź
e Ņ
ŋû Şŵ‹ ̰ AKź
j šjĸȽĻ `j? `źųj ۊɾů‹ ^źŪȬ
q
h i h ûh hh l Ġ h h h h ûh û h h l i h h hû h
ƆžjȼŎh `źšž
śj ļŏȹ ƆŦ AźŰŘŦ ^ĵĿŲƁ‹ ūɉ AźɅǰ ťžŬ
h ğ h h
i h h l i h
qû h h i
h
ĵŪŰŇ `źľźši ĸû ųh ɉ ĵŵj;= ĵļe Š ɤKi bh ĵųq ŠɾjŠ ĵŶğ Ŭ AJj;= Aźm ɉĵũbh ̱
qû h h
q h
e ʼnńh bû h= eCKĵ
h ń l AźiŵźŬi Ůû iũø ̲ AʼnŽj
h łj
ĵŪŰŇ bû = ̳ AʼnŽj
ʼnŁ
ğ i hi i h h i ih h h û i i i
û h ğ k
iiȲ
djȑ‹ Ůj ũ ðĵŵʼnž
šj Ž ŴŲ `źɉźŪžŏŦ űô ȡjKbʼnŔ Ǎj ǚ
Ž ĵųjɊ
h
h i i
h ûh h i ûi h h ğ h h ğ û i h h h
h ;i Ki ū
`źɉźŪɆh bh űû Źi Ŏb
Ȏj? `źŘŤj ŶɀŏŦ ˏp ˅ŋɊ ^b= űȡŋśȯ
i i ûh hûh
h h i h h Ģ h h ûi h i Šh h
q
ûűȡź
ŠʼnŽ _źŽ ̴ ĵĸɆjŋũ `źȲŽ `= ƿŠ Ůũ ðźŸ ƲŲ
q h ğ
û ğ
h ih
h i h û hh
̵ Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? űû ļi ȾjȊ `j? `źŶĠ Şȩbh Āj aʼnj ųû hƔj `źĸž
ł
j ļŏȽŦ
i h h h hû ğ ğ i h û h h
ğ l i ih
h k ih
TǣŽ ŴŠɽžŒɉ‹ `j? Ŵ
ô ŏń= Ǘj Ʋj ů‹ AźɉźŪȬ djIĵĸjšjů Ůũb
ğ ğ û ihûh
i
q ĸŲĠ ˊbkq ʼni Šh Ŵɹȸ
Š h Ƅjj û ɉ `h ǽh Ŵh Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
űû ȲɅĠ Kğ ̶ ĵŶɀ
`j? űô ŹŶɀķ
j
j
hû û i û h h û h h
hû h
mhh û i ûk hi û hh
i
ĵŲb űô ȲķjŊšȬ įŒȹ `j? b= űȲƧŋû Ž įŒȹ `j? ðűû Ȳjķ űi ŰŠ=
q
hû h h
hh h û h
Ǎj Ŵųh j ķ űi ŰŠ= ūɅĠ Kh bh ̷ Ɔžj ȡbh űû Źj žû ŰŠ ūŠɰh ŰŎh Kû =
hû h
h h ğ
Š h h Ŵāh Zjžk j ȼğȍ‹ Ŗh šû Ȩh ĵŶh ûŰŘğ hŦ ʼnû Ūh hůbh P˱
ȇ
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ˍ j Ɓ‹b D
h h ğ l i û i
h i h hûh h h
ûh
q Ʌi Lh Iÿ
ȑ‹ AźŠI‹ Ůj ũ ̸ ˊKź
bAI ĵŶɀĻA;b Ŗ
űļi ųû ȭLh ŴŽj
ˌ p šȨ
h
hh
h û h h i
i h k Ġ
i
ƅbh űû ȲŶŠ Ǵɉ‹
ťŒŬ `źŭj Űųû Ȭh ƆŦ ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲk
j
h h i
e ûh
h
h Ģhli
h ȑ‹ğ ū
űi Źj j Ʌk Kh ǓŠ j ? `źŤļh ûȼhŽ `źŠi ʼnû hŽ ŴŽj
j Ɍʤb= ̹ ƆɆjźƕ
h h h i h
h i û h h i hûh û i Ġh hh hû
h û Kh `ź
ÿm ô ŷi hķAŊŠ `źŦĵňɆh bh ÿŷi ļh Ƨ
ŁŋɆb Bŋũ= űŹȬɁ ĹŰžjŎźɉ‹
h
ûh h h h kh h h h ğ
ûh ğ
q Ŋi Ƥ
Ŵi Ɨ ƅj? Ĺg Ɇh ŋû ũ ŴjŲk `˯ ̺ ˊKb
`ǽ ūjɅK BAŊŠ `j?
h
hûh h i ûi
q h q h h h k h i
h û
ôˑʼnŽjʼnő ĵķAŊŠ ĵŸźiķjŊšŲ bû = jĹųh ŠɱjŪů‹ _j źû hŽ ŮĸȰ ĵŸźŭj ŰŹɊ
h Ġ h m
q śi ŏû Ɋh ĶŠɮjh ŭûů‹ Ǎ ūjh ɉŠəh `h ǽh
ŮjŎŋû ŵ `= ĵŶh šh Ŷh Ųh ĵŲh bh ̻ ˊKź
j
j
h h ğ h i h hûh h h h i ğ h û h h ğ h h m ğ Šh
Ĺũĵȍ‹ IźųȪ ĵŶɀĻA;b `ź
j ɔ˖ĭjķ
ô ɉbƁ‹ ĵŹjķ BŊŬ `= ƅj? ĺ
l h hh qh ûi
i i h
q ûh ğ
h
̼ ĵŧɆjźƛ ƅj? ĺ
j Š ɔ˖ĭjķ ŮjŎŋû ŵ ĵŲbh ô ĵŹh j ķ Aźųi ŰŞȯ CDz
j ĸŲ
h
h h h ğh ğ h h hûi û
ğ
Ġ ĵŶh ûŰšh Łh ĵŲh bh Mĵ
ĵhŽ;û ŋɉ‹
ˏ j ȍĭjķ Qĵń= ūɅK `j? ūɉ ĵŶŰũ J˯
and the earth and whoever is in them. And there is
not a thing that does not exalt Him with praise, but
youpl do not comprehend their exaltation. Indeed,
He has always been Forbearing, Oft-Forgiving. 45
And when you sg recite the Recital a , We place
between you and those who do not believe in the
Hereafter an invisible barrier. 46 And We have
placed veils over their hearts preventing them from
comprehending it, and heaviness in their ears. And
when you mention your Lordb alone in the Recitala,
they turn their backs in aversion. 47 We know better
what (intention) it is that they listen with as they listen
to you and as they secretly converse, as the unjust
say, “You pl are following nothing but a man
bewitched.” 48 Looksg at how they have set forth
parables for yousg and gone astray, so they cannot
find a way. 49 And they said, “Can it be that when
we have become bones and fragments—can it be
that c we will really be resurrected as a new
creation?” 50 Saysg, “Becomepl rocks or iron 51 or any
sort of creation which is greatly admired in your pl
chests.” Then they will say, “Who will restore us?”
Saysg, “The One Who originated youpl the first
time.” Then they will nod their heads at yousg and
say, “When will it be?” Say, “Hopefully, it will be
soon, 52 on the day when He calls youpl, then you
respond with His praise and you think that you
stayed only a little.” 53 And tellsg My servants to say
what is better. Indeed, Satan spurs (discord) between
them; indeed, Satan has always been, to man, an
evident enemy. 54 Your pl Lord knows better about
you. If He wills, He bestows mercy on you; and if
He wills, He punishes you. Thus We never sent
yousg as a trustee over them. 55 And yoursg Lord
knows better about whoever is in the heavens and
the earth. And Wed have most surely favored some
prophets over others, and to David We gave a Booke.
Say, “Call upon those you claimed apart from
56
Him. But they have no power to lift off harm from
you, nor can they change it.” 57 Those whom they
call upon are themselves seeking means of access
to their Lord—whichever of them will be nearer—
and hoping for His mercy and fearing His
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qc
Nafieʻ, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “Can it be that when we have become bones and fragments we will really . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “When we have become bones and fragments—can it be that we will really . . .”
d
A grammatical shift from 3rd person to 1st person.
e
The Zaboor or the Psalms.
a
b
190
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
hh û û h h ğ h
h Šh û hh m ğ
ğ ků Ĺq Ŷh ļjû Ŧ ƅğ ? ū
j ŶŰj
Ǎj Ĺŵźši Űųh ɉ‹ Cŋh ł
Œɉ‹b Mĵ
j ɰɆK= Ʋj ů‹
û
hi h h û iû
i ŌhŽ ĵųh ȯh űû Źi ȯi źk Ɲ
q ĸŬh ĵŶq Šɱh Ťû Śi ƅğ ? űû Ÿi ʼnɆ
J˯ ̽ ˊǞ
ˏ j ;ŋŪů‹
j
j
j b `A
j
h h h û m ğ lm i h h h h h l i i û h h hû hûi
Ģ ųŰj ɉ ĵŶŰũ
^ĵũ ōɀj
Űķj? ƅj? AbʼnłŏŦ _I˕ AbʼnłŎ‹ jĹŭjɌˁ
h
ğ h h h
h h
q Śĺ
i Ŏû h=;h
h Ūû hŰŇh Ŵû ųjh ɉ ʼni ł
djȑ‹ AŊŠɪ ūļh Ȭû ;h Kh = ^ĵũ ̾ ĵŶžj
hh
h h ğ h h ğh h h û ğ h
û
h
ĺŲŋŬ
Ŵğ Ȳj Ŷļh ńû Ɓ jĹųh Šɱh Ūj ů‹ _j źû hŽ ǓŠ j ? Ŵj Ļŋû Ň= Ŵû j Ɍů ȇ
q h ğ
i
h û h û h h
ğ h
h h
`jıŦ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ūšh j ĸĻ Ŵųh ȯ Ķ
ŸJ‹ ^ĵũ ̿ Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? ÿm ŷi ļh Ɇğ jKk J
û û h
i imh h h ğh h
q iŦźû Ųğ ;q m AŌh Łh űû ȱ
Ŵj Ųh Lû jŌŧļh Ŏ‹
b ̀ ˊKź
>AŌŁ űŶŹŁ
h
h
h h
h
h
û
h šû śh ļh Ŏ‹
ūj Űžû ƚj űŹj žû ŰŠ Ķjû ŰŁû =bh ūj Ļźû ŕh j ķ űŹi Ŷjû Ų ĺ
hû
û h h hh
h hû
i
ĵŲh bh űô û Ÿʼnjû Šbh ʼnj Š ɧbû Ɓ‹bh ^j Š ʆh Ųû Ɓ‹ Ǎj űû Źi ȡjKĵőbh ūj ŰŁ
j Kb
ğ
hh
h
ğ i i i h
ğ
e ŋi ţi ƅ? Ŵi Šɽh žû Œɉ‹
ūɉ ōh ûɀů djIĵĸjh Š `j? ́ AKb
űŸʼnjšŽ
j
ğ i i Ġğ
q h h kh h hh x hû i û ûh h
Š ȡb Ŵ
djȑ‹ űȲɅK ͂ Ɔžj ȡb ūjɅŋjķ Ǐ
ô ŠɽŰŎ űŹj žŰŠ
l i
ğ
û h
h û iû i i h
û hȊ‹û Ǎ ū
ûi
ÿŷi ŵj? mĀjôŷjŰŘŦ ŴjŲ AźŤļh ûȼh jȋ ŋj Ņ
j Űŧů‹ űȲů Ʒj ŌŽ
ğ h û hû
i ğ h h
i h h
q ńKh űû Ȳ
Ġ Ġ űi Ȳ
Ůŗ ŋj Ņ
Ȋ‹ Ǎj Ǵɉ‹
ŏɊ AJ˯ ̓ ĵųžj
j ķ `ǽ
h
ğ
h
h
û
h h
û û kh
û i Šğ ğhh i ğ m h i ûh h
`Ȣbh űô û ļi ŗŋh Š= ǚ
j ů‹ Ǔj? űȲƋƑ ĵųŰŦ ðaĵŽj? ƅj? `źŠʼnĻ ŴŲ
û
h ûh h i hhh
i
e ŧi Ŭh Ŵi ɹȸ
Š h ƃ‹
Ķjh ŵĵŁh űû Ȳjķ ťjŏƞ `= űû ļŶj
ŲįŦ= ̈́ AKź
j
iû h l i h h ğ i q h û i û h h h û i û h k h û
űȲů AbʼnƏ
j ń űȲžŰŠ ŮjŎŋŽ b= ǚ
j ƅ űȪ ĵĸŔĵ
j ů‹
h
h
h
i
e
h ûih Š h û eh h
i h i
i û
ŮjŎǞ
ȯ cŋŇ= CKĵĻ jŷžjȯ űû ȱʼnž
jšŽ `= űû ļŶjŲ= _= ͅ Ɔžj ȡbh
i i hh
i h û h k h k q h û i ûh h
űğ Ȫ űû ȩŋû ŧȱ ĵųh j ķ űȲũŋj Ťži ȯ jŃɆŋɉ‹
j ũ űȲžŰŠ
j ŴjŲ ĵŧŔĵ
i h l i h h
q ȼhĻ Ājŷķ ĵŶh žû hŰŠh űû Ȳ
h ͆ ĵšž
m j hķ ĵŶh Ųû ŋğ Ŭh ʼnû Ūh hůbø
ƴ
ů AbʼnƏ
j
j ƅ
j
h h
h h bh _h IA
û h û h k h ûů‹ Ǎ űû Źi Šɰh ûŰƧ
h ğ Ŵjh Ųk űŹi Šɰh ûũLh Kh bh ŋŅ
ĺ
;
j Šɭjžk śů‹
j
j
j Ȋ‹b ǚ
q ûh hûh h û ğ k
h Šh h û i h û ğ h h
_h źû hŽ ͇ ƆžŘ
j ŧȩ ĵŶŪŰŇ ŴųjɊ Ǟ
p j ĿŬ ȇ űŹŠɰŰŘŦb
hi ği l i ûh
h h i û h h û Šh
=
Ŵ
ų
ȯ
ű
Ź
ų
ĀjŷjŶžųj žh j Ȩ ÿŷi ĸh ŠɮjŬ Șb
ɨ
ı
Ȩ
˟ĵ
ŵɁ ȁ AźŠʼnŵ
ð j j jj
j
q h h ih û i hh û ih h h ih ûh h hlih
h
h
ŴŲb ͈ ƆžjļŦ `źųŰŞȬ ƅb űŹĸŠɮjŬ `b;ŋŪȬ ūjɌʤĢ bįŦ
punishment; indeed, the punishment of your Lord
has always been dreaded. 58 So there is no town but
We are to annihilate it before the Day of
Resurrection or punish it with a severe punishment;
this has been inscribed in the Scripture. 59 And
nothing prevented Us from sending (miraculous) signs
except that the ancients disbelieved in them. So We
gave Thamûda the she-camel as an eye-opener, but
they mistreated it. For We never send signs except
to frighten (people of destruction). 60 And recall when
We said to yousg that your Lordb has encompassed
mankind. And We did not make the vision We
showed you except as a means of trial for mankind,
and (recall) the tree which is cursed in the Recitalc.
And We frighten them, but that increases them in
nothing but supreme transgression. 61 And recall
when We said to the angels, “Prostrate to Adam,”
so they prostrated—but not Iblisd. He said, “Shall I
prostrate down to someone You created of clay?” 62
He said, “Do You see this one whom You have
honored more than me? If You reprieve me until the
Day of Resurrection, I will most surely bridle his
offspring, except for a few.” 63 He said, “Go!
Whoever of them follows you—then indeed, Hell
is your pl repayment, an ample repayment. 64 And
entice whomever of them you can with your voice,
and rally against them your cavalry and your
infantry, and share with them in wealth and
children, and promise them.” But Satan promises
them nothing but a deception. 65 “You surely have
no authority over My servants.” And sufficient is
your Lord as a trustee. 66 Your pl Lord is the One
Who propels for you the ships at sea, that you may
seek of His grace; indeed, to you He has always
been Merciful. 67 And when harm touches youpl at
sea, (all) those you call upon become lost except for
Him. But when He deliverede you to the shore, you
disregarded (Him); thus man has always been a
staunch denier. 68 Are youpl confident that Hef will
not cause a side of the shore to collapse beneath you
or unleash a tornado against you, and then you find
no trustee? 69 Or are youpl confident that Heg will not
The pagan tribe of Prophet Salih.
b
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
d
Iblis is another name of Satan or Shaytan.
e
A grammatical shift from present tense to past tense.
Qf
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . that We will not cause a side of the shore to collapse . . .”
Qg
Ibn Kathir and Abu ʻAmr read it as: “. . . that We will not return you to it once again and unleash . . .”
a
191
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
q
h
Ġ h h h û h h
h h û h m Šh
Š ȭ= j CŋjŇ˖‹ Ǎj źh Źi ȯ ǖ
Š ȭ= Āj aŊj ɪ Ǎj `h ǽ
ƆžjȼŎh Ůŗ=bh ǖ
h ûh h ûh mhû h ûh m ğ h h h i ûhh l i h
dh Ǜ
j ŧ jȋ ūȎj? ĵŶžńb= djȑ‹ Ŵj Š ūŵźŶjļŧȎ AbIǽ `˯ ͉
q h h i hğ ğ q ihû h hûh h
h h mh h
h
ūŠɰh ļû ȼğ ľ `= ƅźû ɉbh ͊ Ɔžj ŰŇ ]b
Ŋƛ˔ AJ˯ ÿð aǞȮ ĵŶžŰŠ
h
h h h ğ
e h q h
hh
h ûh ğ q
ūŠɰh ũJƁ AJj? ͋ Ɔžj Űũ ĵnZžû ő űû Źj ûȎj? Ŵi ȱŋû Ļ DʼnjŬ ʼnû Ūů
û h û h Š h hû
h h h h h h ği
hû
ĵŶh žû ŰŠ ūɉ ʼni Ə
j ųh ųh ɉ‹ ťšŗ
j b j Cźžơ‹ ťšŗ
j
j ƅ űȪ Dĵ
h
û
l
h
h
û
h h
h Łi ŋňiȎj P˱
q ŕj hŵ
j Ɓ‹ Ŵjh Ų ūŵbŌĠ jŧļh ŏû hɀů AbIi ǽ `˯ ͌ ˊǞ
]ź
j
q h ğ h hh h i û ğ q
h
h
ʼnû ũ ŴŲh ĹŶğ Ŏi ͍ Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? ūŧŠʄjŇ `źĿĸh ŰhŽ ƅ AJ˯ ðĵŹh Ŷjû Ų
h
e ûh h ğ i i h hh h i Ġ
h hûh hû h ûh
űjj ũ= ͎ ƆɆjźƕ ĵŶjļȿŏj ɉ ʼnƏ
j ƅb ðĵŶj ŰŎK ŴjŲ ūŰĸȰ ĵŶŰŎK=
ğ
û
i h h ğ
h h
ğ
ğ û h h hûih û
ŧů‹ `A;ŋũb Ůj Ȏ‹ Ũj ŏh ţ ǓŠ j ? ōj ųû Œɉ‹ j]źɉȐi j CźŠ Űŕɉ‹
`j? ˌŋj ł
h ğ
q û h h û hû h hûi
ŧů‹ `A;ŋũ
Ājŷjķ ʼnû łğ Źh ļh ȯ Ůj ûȎ‹ Ŵjh Ųbh ͏ AIźŹi ŒɊh `ǽ ŋj ł
h
i
q ûğ q hh h Ġh h hhûh
h ğ qh h
Ģ h Šh ū
Ůũbh ͐ AIźųi Ƥ ĵŲĵ
ŪŲ ūɅK ūĿšĸȬ `= ƿ
ů ĹŰj Ŧĵŵ
h
û
hh û
ûh k ğ
h ûi
û
û û
\p ʼnû Ŕ
j Fŋh ƥ ƴj Łŋj Ň=bh \p ʼnŔ
j ŮŇʼnŲi ƴj ŰjŇI= B
j K
û
ğ
k
û
h i
û bh
q ŕj ğŵ ĵŶq Šɽh ŰŎi ūŵ
h ;h m ĵŁh Ůû iũbh ͑ ˊǞ
ŨĠ ơ‹
Ȑ ŴjŲ Ǔj Ůšh Ł‹
ikhih
q i h h h h Šh û ğ i Šh û h h h h
Ŵjh Ų ^ǣ
͒
ĵ
ŸL `ǽ Ůśj ɭů‹ `j? ô Ůśj ɭů‹ ŨŸLb
ũź
ȫ
b
j
h
h û Kh bh x;mĵŧjh ő źh Ÿi ĵŲh `A;h ŋû Ūi ûů‹
h ŶŲj İû ųi ûŰj ků xĹƧ
i ŌhŽ ƅbh ǻj
ʼnɆ
j
j
ğ
ğ
h
hŠ û h h h û h û h m h
h
q h
Ŵj ɹȸƃ‹
j ȇ ĵŶųšȫɁ AJ˯ ͓ ˊKĵŏŇ ƅj? ǻųj j ۊɾů‹
ûi
h
h ĵnZh hŵbh Ph ŋh Šû h=
q nZi hŽ `h ǽh Ǭɉ‹
Ġ ğ ŷi ŏğ Ɋh AJ˯
Ůũ ͔ ĵŎź
ĀjŷjĸjŵĵƎ
j
h
h
h h Š h h i h û h xk i
i Ġhh
Š ʼnh Ÿû = źh Ÿi Ŵû ųh j ķ űi hŰŠû = űû Ȳ
ɅŋŦ Ājŷjļ jǿĵő ȇ
Ů ų šȬ ȁ
c
hû û i
q h
h h h ih ûhh
Ġ Ůiũ ˌGb
Ġ
ŋj Ɋ= ŴjŲ Gbŋɉ‹
j j ŋɉ‹ Ŵj Š ūŵźŰnZŏȹb ͕ ƆžjȼŎ
q h ğ û û
h
û
i Ļbi= m ĵŲh bh ȗk Kh
ĵŶh Ȼjő ŴjɌůbh ͖ Ɔžj Űũ ƅj? űj Űjšů‹ Ŵjh Ųk űļɀj
j
h
ğ
h
h
h
h
h
m
û
i
h
h
ğh h hh
ğ h û hû h û m
ĵŶh žû ŰŠ Ājŷjķ ūɉ ʼni Ə
j ƅ űȪ ūȎj? ĵŶžńb= djȑĭjķ ǷŸŊȍ
e
qhûh ğ
h h h h h h û h ğ h
ūžû ŰŠ `ǽ ÿŷi ŰŘŦ `j? ôūjɅk Kğ ŴjŲk ĹƧ
K ƅj? ͗ Ɔžj ȡbh
l iûh h Ģhh Ġ û h i û
ğ i
h hû
q ĸŬh
AźĻɂŽ `= ȇ ŴƠ‹
j šųh ļŁ‹ Ŵj j Ɍů Ůũ ͘ ˊǞ
j b ōȸƃ‹
j
j ĺ
return you to it once again and unleash a hurricane
of wind a against you and drownb you for your
denial, and then you find no attending followers
against Us? 70 Yet very truly We have honored the
Children of Adam and carried them on land and sea
and provided them with good things and greatly
favored them over many of those We have created.
On the day when We call every group of people
71
by their leader, then whoever is given his recordc in
his right hand—those will read their record, and
they will not be dealt with unjustly by as much as
the hair upon a date-stone. 72 But whoever is blind
in this (life) —he will be blind in the Hereafter and
further astray from the way. 73 And they almost
lured yousg away from what We have revealed to
you so that you would fabricate something else in
Our name, and in that case they would have taken
you for a close friend. 74 Had We not given yousg
stability, you were about to incline towards them a
little. 75 Then We would have made you sg taste
double in life and double at death, then you would
have found for yourself no supporter against Us. 76
They almost provoked yousg so as to evict you from
the land, and in that case they would not have lasted
after you except briefly; 77 such has been Our rule
with the messengers We have sent before you, and
you never find any change in Our rule. 78 Establishsg
the prayer at the decline of the sun until the dusk of
the night, as well as the Recitationd at dawn; indeed,
Recitation at dawn has always been witnessed. 79
And keep vigil with it during parts of the night as
an extra (deed); hopefully yoursg Lord will raise you
to a laudable position. 80 And saysg, “My Lord, let
me enter through an entry of truth and let me exit
through an exit of truth and grant me from You a
supporting manifestation.” 81 And saysg, “Truth has
come while falsehood has withered away; indeed,
falsehood is bound to wither away.” 82 And We
bestow from on highe of the Recitald that which is a
healing and a mercy for the believers, but it does
not increase the unjust except in loss. 83 And when
We bless man, he disregards (Us) and distances
himselff. But when evil touches him, he staunchly
Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “winds”.
Abu Jaʻfar and Roways read it as: “. . . against you which then drowns you . . .”
c
Literally ‘scripture’.
d
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qe
Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “And We send down of the Recital that which . . .”
Qf
Ibn Zekwan and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . and turns his back (literally ‘his side’).”
Qa
Qb
192
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
û h i û h h û iû h Šh û
h h h
i
űû Źi Řšû Ȩh `ǽ źû ɉbh ĀjŷjŰĿųj j ķ `źĻɂhŽ ƅ `A
j ;ŋŪů‹ AŊɪ Ůj Ŀųj j ķ
ûğ h û hhh
q Źŝh Ŗšû h jȊ
hû iû h h
j ŶŰjğ ɉ ĵŶh ȯǮ
`A
ʼnŪůb ͙ ˊǞ
p
j ;ŋŪů‹ AŊŠɪ Ǎj Mĵ
j
h
h
ğ
h l i hh
i
k
i
h
h
i
û
h
h
q ŧŬ ƅ? Mĵ
ğ i
Ģ ɂŦ ŮĿŲh ȁ
Ŵů Aźɉĵũb ͚ ˊKź
j j ȍ‹ ǜȱ= ƪ
p j ŴjŲ
hû
h
û
h i ûh ğ h h h h ûĠ
e ĸ˪
i hŽ P˱
Š ń ūɉ ŴjŲİŵ
j Ɓ‹ Ŵjh Ų ĵhȍ ŋh ł
b= ͛ ȕź
ŧȩ Ʋ
h
ğ k x ğh h h h i h
û û k hih
h h
ŋh Š ʇh ŵƁ‹ ŋh ł
Ɲ
ŴjŲ ĹŶŁ ūɉ `źȲĻ
j ŧļȯ Ķ
p ŶjŠb Ůžj
p
h h h û h h h h hmh ğ h ûi ûh
e łŧû ȩh ĵŹh hۊʄjh Ň
ĵŶh žû ŰŠ ĺ
ųȭL ĵųŬ ;ĵųŏɉ‹ řŪj ŏȶ b= ͜ AǞ
j
hh h i h û h
e h h h hû h ğ h ûh ûh e h
Ģ ųɉ‹b jĬĭjķ ƫj įĻ b= ĵŧŏjŬ
ūɉ `źȲŽ b= ͝ Ɔžjĸũ jĹŭjɌˁ
h ûh ûh i û i k x ûh
h k i h ûĠ hh jmh ğ
Š
ūjžjȰŋj ɉ ŴjŲİŵ Ŵůb ;ĵųŏɉ‹ Ǎj ȞŋĻ b= [g ŋŇL ŴjŲ ĺžȨ
û h k h h û i ûi i i h û ğ qŠh hûh h h kh i Šğ h
ŮŸ ȗj Kh `ĵŅ
ĸŎ Ůũ ÿñ a>ŋŪȫ ĵĸɮjŬ ĵŶžŰŠ ^jǣȩ Ʋń
h
q iğ q hh ğ i i
l
û
û
h ğȍ‹ şh Ŷh Ųh ĵŲh bh ͞ ƅź
Jj? Aźm Ŷji ŲİiŽ `= Mĵ
ŎK ˊǬȵ ƅj? ĺŶŬ
q i ğ q hh iğ h h hh lmi h h m ğ Ģ h iû i i hm h
͟ ƅźŎK ˊǬȵ Ĭ‹ ĽšȨɁ Aźɉĵũ `= ƅj? cʼnŹɉ‹ űŸ;ĵŁ
hû
ûğhh h k h û i h i û h x h h h
h h ğ i
Ģ Ų P˱
j Ɓ‹ Ǎj `ǽ źû ů Ůũ
ĵhȍǣ
ů ǻj ŶjɌųśŲ `źŒųȬ ĹŭjɌˁ
q i ğ q h h m h ğ h k ûh h
hh ûi
ü h Źőh jĬğ ĭķ Ǐ
Š
Ŭ
Ů
ũ
ˊʼnž
͠
ƅź
ŎK ǾŰɊ j;ĵųŏɉ‹ ŴjŲ űŹj žŰŠ
j
j
i hûhh ûh
q ŕj hķ ˊüǞ
h ĸŇh Āj ajIĵĸh jšķ `h ǽh ÿŷi ğŵ? űû Ȳ
ŴŲh bh ͡ ˊǞ
j ô ŶɀɅb ƴj ɀķ
j
j
m h h h hh û û i hh hû iû h ih iğ
ûh
;h ĵȎh j bû = űû Źi ɉ ʼnh Ə
j ŴŰŦ Ůj ŰŘŽ ŴŲb ˌʼnj ļŹųɉ‹ źŹȯ Ĭ‹ ʼnj ŹȬ
i
i i ûƗh bh ĀjŷjŵbIi ŴjŲ
Š h h jĹųh Šɱh jŪûů‹ _h źû hŽ űû Ÿi Ǭ
ĵžq ųû ȭ űû Źj jŸźŁi bi ȇ
ð
û
ğ
i
q
h
û
h
ğ
ğ
û h h i h h û iŠ h
q šj Ŏh űû Źi ŠɓIL ĺ
k i h qû ih
ˊǞ
j ĸŇ ĵųǿ ðűŶŹŁ űŹƊbįŲ ðĵųŔb ĵųȲɅb
h h l i h
ğh i im
h l hh
h h
AJj;= Aźm ɉĵũbh ĵŶh j ļŠɔ˲ Abŋi ŧȱ űû Źi ȫɂjķ űŸ>AŌh Łh ūj ɉŠə ͢
i
h i i û h h ğ h eŠh i h q Š h
e ʼnŁh ĵŪq ûŰŇh `ź
ͣ AʼnŽj
ľźšĸųɉ ĵŵj;= ĵļɤKb ĵųɾjŠ ĵŶğ Ŭ
h h hû
h h ğ Ũh hŰŇh djȑ‹ğ Ĭ
h ğ ‹ `ğ h= l Abû ŋh hŽ űû h ɉbh h=ø
Kjf Iĵũ P˱Ɓ‹bh D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ûh h Ģhh
h hh
h Ɇû Kh ƅğ Ɔq Łh h= űû Źi h ɉ Ůh šh Łh bh űû Źi hŰĿjû Ų Ũh iŰƞ
ƪɂŦ jŷžjȯ Ķ
`= ȇ
h
m h h i h i ûğ i
h i Šğ
q ŧi Ŭi ƅğ ? `ź
Ŵh j ɋAŌh Ň `źŭj Űųû ȩ űû ļŵ
= źů Ůũ ͤ ˊKź
ųj Űɾů‹
j
h
û h hh
h û hh û h ûiû h û ğ q mkh hûh
Š h ƃ‹
Ŵi ɹȸ
ˏ j ŧŵƃ‹
j `Ȣb \ĵ
j ĹžŒŇ űļŭŏɊƁ AJj? ȗj K jĹƧK
despairs. 84 Say, “Each does according to his
disposition, but your pl Lord knows better of the one
who is more guided to the way.” 85 And they ask
yousg about the Spirit; say, “The Spirit is by the
command of my Lord, and youpl were not given of
knowledge but little.” 86 And if We will, we can
surely take away what We have revealed to yousg,
then you would find for yourself no trustee against
Us— 87 except through a mercy from your Lorda;
indeed, His grace upon you has been supreme. 88
Say, “Most surely, if all humans and all unseen
beingsb were to come together to bring forth the like
of this Recitalc, they could never bring forth the like
of it, even if they backed up one another.” 89 And
most surely, We have diversified for mankind in this
Recitalc every kind of parable, but most of mankind
refused anything but constant denial. 90 And they
said, “We will not believe in yousg until you make
a spring gush forth from the ground for us; 91 or
possess a garden of palms and vines, then cause
rivers to gush forth, pouring through them; 92 or
make the sky fall on us in pieces, as you claimed;
or bring Allah and the angels before us; 93 or possess
a house of gold; or ascend into the sky. Even then,
we will not believe in your ascension until you
bestow upon us from on highd a scripture that we
can read.” Say, “Highly Exalted is my Lord. Have
I been anything except a human messenger?” 94
And what prevented mankind from believing when
guidance came to them, except that they said, “Did
Allah send a human messenger?” 95 Saye, “If there
were angels on earth walking around in peace, We
would have bestowed upon them from heaven an
angel messenger.” 96 Say, “Allah is an adequate
witness between you and me; indeed, He has always
been All-Aware, All-Seeing of His servants.” 97
And whomever Allah guides is the guided one, and
whomever He leads astray—for themf you will find
no guardians apart from Him, and We will herd
them on the Day of Resurrection on their faces,
blind and dumb and deaf; their shelter is Hell;
whenever it abates, We intensify the blaze for them.
That is their repayment for having denied Our
98
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
The Arabic word used is jinn which are unseen beings that are accountable for their actions.
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qd
Abu ʻAmr and Yaʻqub read it as: “. . . until you send down upon us a scripture that we can read.”
Qe
Ibn Kathir and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “He said . . .”
f
A grammatical shift from singular to plural.
a
b
193
PART 15. THE NIGHT JOURNEY
Surah 17- Al-Isrâ’
û h Šh k h Šh h h û Š h i hûh h û h h h
q ih
ŮnZh ŏû Ŧ ĺ
ģ ɔA; şŏj ȶ ƽźɊ ĵŶɀĻA; ʼnŪůb ͥ ˊKźļȰ
ˌ p ɰjžȨ ĺ
h h hh i m û h
h ih h k i h
m j hķ
ūŶĠ ŝƁ ƭj j ? `źû Šŋjû Ŧ ÿȔi ^ĵŪȯ űû Ÿ;h ĵŁh Jj? ŮŽj;Ģʴh Ŏû j ? ƴ
mh Ģh hh h mh h û h û hh h h
i ŏû Ɋh ƽź
q Ņ
Š h ųi Š ɔh
j;ƅİi ʧ
^Ōŵ= ĵŲ ĺųj ŰŠ ʼnŪů ^ĵũ ͦ ˊKź
hû h h h ğ Ġ h ğ
i h h h ih h k h m h h
j
`źû Šŋû jŧŠɔ ūŶĠ ŝƁ ƭ˯
ŋ
ɋ
ĵ
ŕ
ķ
P˱
Ɓ‹b D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹ BK ƅj?
j j
h
h
h
û
û û h
h hh
q ĸi Ŀû Ųh
j Ɓ‹ Ŵjh Ųk űŸi Ōğ ŧj ļh ŏû h ȹ `= IAKh įŦ ͧ ˊKź
ŴŲh bh ŷi Šɰh ũŋh ţįŦ P˱
ûi
l ii û h h û m h
q Ʀh ÿŷi šh Ųğ
AźŶŭŎ‹ ŮŽj;ĢʴŎj? ƴj jȊ Āj aʼnj šû Ȩh Ŵü Ųj ĵŶh Űũbh ͨ ĵšžj
q h û i
û h hm h h h h hû
û
h
i
h
j
ͩ ĵŧžjŧů űȲjķ ĵŶĴŁ
j CŋjŇ˖‹ ʼnŠb ;ĵŁ AJjıŦ P˱Ɓ‹
h
ğ
û
h Š h h û m h h h h h k hû h i Š h û h h k hû h
qˊǬj k ȼh Ųi ƅ? ū
j ɰŰŎK= ĵŲb ñ ^Ōŵ Ũj ơĭjɅb ŷɰůŌŵ= Ũj ơĭjɅb
hh h û
û i Šh h
û h q i
q Ŋhŵbh
j ğȍ‹ ȇ ÿia=ŋh Ūh jȋ ŷi Šɰh ũŋh Ŧ ĵŵA;h ŋû ũbh ͪ ˊŋŽj
Ľ
p ŭŲ ȇ Mĵ
h
q h i hûğhh
h ȑ‹ğ `ğ ? l Aźm ô Ŷji Ųİû iĻ ƅh bû = mĀjŷķ l AźŶji ŲA;h Ůû iũ ͫ ƆɆ
ǣ
ŴŽj
j
j
j Ļ ŷŠɰůŌŵb
û û l i
hh hûi h m ûh
Š ļȬ AJj? ĀjŷjŰĸȰ ŴjŲ űh Űjšů‹ AźiĻb=
Ф У űû Źj žû ŰŠ ǔ
m
h i ihh
û h h
h ĸû Ŏi `ź
ɉźŪɆb ͬ Х
ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh ʼni Šbh `ǽ `j? ĵŶh j Ʌk Kh Ŵh Šɳ
h
q û h
û
hû
h Ġ hh
i i hh h i ûh
űû ŸʼnɆ
Ōj Ɇb `źŭĸȬ `ĵ
j Ɇb ͭ ƅźši ŧųh ɉ
j ũJƂj ɉ `bŋň
qh
û h hğ l i û i
q i i
ğ l AźŠi I‹
ĵŲğ ĵkŽɁ ðŴh Š ʅh ńû ŋɉ‹
jb= Ĭ‹ AźŠI‹ Ůj ũ ͮ ăȕźŒŇ
h h h
û h h Š h û iû i m h û h û i h h l i û h
ŏơ‹ ;ĵųŎƁ‹ ŷŰŦ AźŠʼnĻ
ƅbh ūj ĻƆŕh j ķ ŋû Źh Ə ƅbh ˏ ƴ
û
ğ
h û Ȩh jŢļh Ȩ‹û bh ĵŹh ķ ĺjû Ŧĵhƛi
h Ůiũbh ͯ Ɔq žȼŎh ūjh ɉŠəh ǻ
jĬj ʼni ųû ơ‹
j
j
j
hû h û i û
x h iğ i h û h h qh h û ğ h û h ğ
űɉb ū
j ļȬ űɉ djȑ‹
j Űųɉ‹ Ǎj ūɆǨ
j ÿȔ ŴȲŽ űɉb AȐb Ŋň
û h i û k h h k Ġ h k xk h i ğ i h
h ĸȲ
Ͱ ˊüǞ
j Ļ aǚj ȡb ð ^j ȑ‹ ŴjŲ Ƞ
j b ÿȔ ŴȲŽ
signs and for having said, “Can it be that when we
have become bones and fragments—can it be thata
we will really be resurrected as a new creation?” 99
Have they not seen that Allah, Who created the
heavens and the earth, is Able to create the likes of
them? And He has assigned for them a term in
which there is no doubt. But the unjust refused
anything but constant denial. 100 Say, “If youpl were
to possess the treasuries of my Lord’s mercy, you
would withhold them for fear of spending (them).”
And man has always been stingy. 101 And very truly
We gave Moses nine evident signs, so ask the
Children of Israel about when he went to them, then
Pharaoh said to him, “Indeed, I think that you, O
Moses, are bewitched.” 102 He said, “Yousg haveb
most surely known that none sent these down
except the Lord of the heavens and the earth, (as)
insights. And indeed I think that you, O Pharaoh,
are doomed to demise.” 103 So he wanted to provoke
them to leave the land, but We drowned him and
those with him, all together. 104 And after him, We
said to the Children of Israel, “Settle in the land; yet
when the promise of the Hereafter comes, We will
bring you forth in a mixed multitude.” 105 And with
the truth We sent it down, and with the truth it
descended. Thus We have not sent you but as a
bearer of glad tidings and as a warner. 106 And a
Recitalc which We apportioned, that you sg may
recite it to mankind leisurely. And We surely
bestowed it from on high. 107 Saysg, “Believe in it or
do not believe.” Indeed, those who were brought
knowledge before it—when it is recited to them,
they fall to their chins, prostrating. 108 And they say,
“Highly Exalted is our Lord. The promise of our
Lord is sure to be fulfilled.” 109 And they fall to their
chins weeping, and it adds to their humility. 110
Say sg , “Call upon Allah or call upon the AllMerciful; whichever you call upon, to Him belong
the most beautiful names.” And be neither loud in
your prayer nor
silent in it, but follow a way in
between. 111 And saysg, “All praise be to Allah, Who
has not taken any offspring (for Himself), nor has He
ever had an associate in the dominion, nor has He
out of humbleness. And glorify
ever had an ally
Him constantly.”
Nafieʻ, Al-Kesa’i and Yaʻqub read it as: “Can it be that when we have become bones and fragments we will really . . .”
Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “When we have become bones and fragments—can it be that we will really . . .”
Qb
Al Kesa’i read it as: “He said, ‘I have most surely known . . .’”
c
The Arabic word used is Qur’an which literally means ‘recital’ or ‘recitation’.
Qa
194
PART 15. THE CAVE
Surah 18- Al-Kahf
h ih i
û
ťj Ź
ŭɉA CKź
Ŏ ˺́
ğ
ğ ˵ŋɉ‹
ğ jĬ‹
űžj
ƈ
j ńŋɉ‹
18. The Cave
In the name of Allah,
the All-Merciful, the Bestower of mercy
ğ û h h h h û û h Šh h h h h m ğ ğ i û hû
Šɮjŭů‹ j aʼnj ĸȭ ȇ ^Ōŵ= djȑ‹ jĬj ʼnųơ‹
ÿȔi Ůšh ƒ űû ɉbh Ķ
q h q ûh h ik qkh
h j k ȼh Ɇi bh ŷi ûŵȐi ğ ŴjŲk AʼnŽj
Ǭ
ʼnő ĵŎįķ KjŊŶȎj ĵųjžȰ ̂ ĵö Łh źjh Š
h h ğh
h ğ h i û h ȑ‹ğ ǻj
h ŶŲj İû ųi û ɉ‹
ĵŶq ŏh ńh Aŋe Łû = űû Źi ɉ `= ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ `źŰųh šȬh ŴŽj
ğ
qhh
ğ h hğ l i h h ğ h ih
h Ŀŭ
iĬ‹
Ŋƛ‹ Aźɉĵũ ŴŽjȑ‹ KjŊŶɆb ̄ AʼnķɁ jŷžjȯ ǻ
j j Šɨ ̃
h
h û
h
q h û hih û mh
Ĺųjh ǿ Dǚ
Ŭ űô Źj j ɋĵķ˕ ƅbh ˈp ŰjŠ Ŵjû Ų Ājŷjķ űŹi ɉ ĵŲğ ̅ AȐq bh
h ğ h i i
ûh
ûh
h ğ hh
ūŰšh ŰŦ ̆ ĵķjq ŊŬ ƅj? `źɉźŪȬh `j? űô û Źj jŸŠʆh Ŧ= Ŵjû Ų Fi ŋi ƛ
h h û ğ x Šh
h û AŊh Š ʇh ķ l AźŶji Ųİû iŽ űû ůğ `j? űjû ŸŋŠɒAh ;h ȇ
Ģhh ū
ĽŽj
ŏŧȫ şň
j ʼnơ‹
j ɐ
j
j
h
h
û
h
û
ğ
i
qh
h
ğ
e h
i
j Ɓ‹ ȇ ĵŲh ĵŶh Űšh Łh ĵŵj? ̇ ĵŧŎh =
Lj P˱
űû Źi ȬĠ Ɂ űû Ÿźh Űĸû h jȍ ĵŹh ɉ ĹŶɆ
h
q h
hh
h i h h ğ
q
ů ĵŵ˯ ̈ Ɔųh ȭ Ŵi ŏh ńû =
ALe ŋi Łi AʼnžjšŔh ĵŹh žû ŰŠ ĵŲh `źŰjšŠɲ
l i h
h û h Šh û h ğh h û h ûh
ğ bh ťj Źû ŭ
Ŵjû Ų Aźŵǽ űžj
ů‹ ĶɳŔ= `= ĺĸ jŏń _= ̉
j Ȱŋɉ‹
h û
h
mhğh l i hh
h û
i û
h Šh ĵŶh ļŠɔAh ;h
ĵŶɅK AźɉĵŪȯ ťj Źû ŭů‹ Ǔj? Ĺžh ļû jŧů‹ cbh = Jj? ̊ ĵĸe ł
j
h
ğ
h û khh qhûh h i
q h h
h h
̋ AʼnőKh ĵŵŋj Ɋû = Ŵjû Ų ĵhȍ IJ
j žŸb ĹƧK ūŵȐ ŴjŲ ĵŶj ĻA;
h Ģhh hû h h h
i
q h h
ûh û
űğ Ȫ ̌ AIʼnh Š ǻ
ĵŶɅǴŦ
j ȿŎj ťj Źŭů‹ Ǎj űû Źj j ŵAJA;h ȇ
h
h
h
q l i h
ûhû û Ġ hh ûh û i hûhh
Š h ńû = ǻ
̍ AʼnŲh = Aźm ĿjȊ ĵųjh ɉ ǃ
j ɅŌj ơ‹ d= űŰš jȍ űŹŠɰĿšȨ
l
f
ğ k hû
i h h h h h Ġ ih ûğ
űû Źj j Ʌk ŋh j ķ AźŶi ŲAh ;h Ĺžh ļû j Ŧ űû Źi ȫj? Ũ
ˏ j ơĭjķ űŸįĸh ȫ ūžû ŰŠ œŪȫ Ŵi Ɨ
l i h h l i h û û i i Šh h h û h h h
hû
qi
AźɉĵŪȯ AźɊĵũ Jj? űŹj j ɅźŰũ ȇ ĵŶśɅKb ̎ cʼnŸ űû Źi ŠɓIjLbh
hû
l
h
ğ h
h h ğ BĠ Kh ĵŶh ɅĠ Kh
ðĵŹq Š ɧj? mĀjŷjŵbIi ŴjŲ Aźh Ši ʼnû ŵ Ŵů P˱
j Ɓ‹bh D
j Š ʆŠʅŏɉ‹
ğ hiûh mhi h
mĀjŷjŵbIi ŴjŲ l AbŊi hƛ‹
Ģ ̏ ĵśe śh őh AJq j ? m ĵŶh ûŰiũ ʼnû Ūh ůğ
ĵŶŲźũ j;ƅİʧ
h ûh û h h kh Š hû i
h h h iûh hûğ q h h
û
ğ
i
Ŵj ųjɊ űŰŝ= Ŵųȯ ˌǻ
p j Ȩ ˨ɽŰŏjȵ űŹj žŰŠ `źĻɂŽ ƅźů ð ĹŹj ɉA;
h ğ hh Š hhû
h
i ûhh û
`bʼni ĸi šû Ȭh ĵŲh bh űû Ÿźųi iȋǡ
ȭ‹ jJ˯ ̐ ĵķjq ŊŬ jĬ‹ ȇ c
Ǜȯ‹
All praise be to Allah, Who sent down the
1
Scripture upon His servant and has not made
therein any crookedness; 2 most upright, to warn of
a severe chastisement from Himself, and (to) give
glad tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds
that for them is an excellent reward, 3 wherein they
stay forever; 4 and (to) warn those who have said,
“Allah has taken (for Himself) offspring.” 5 They have
no knowledge of it, nor did their forefathers;
massive is the word that comes out of their mouths!
They say nothing but a lie! 6 So perhaps yousg would
decimate yourself, sorrowing after them, if they do
not believe in this discourse. 7 Indeed, We have
made whatever is on earth as an ornament for it, to
test them as to which of them excels in work. 8 And
indeed, We will turn what is on it into barren soil.
Or did yousg think that the fellows of the cave and
9
the Inscriptiona were among Our signs a wonder?
Recall when the young men took shelter in the
10
cave, then said, “Our Lord, bring us mercy from
Yourself and furnish us with prudence in our affair.”
So We drew (a seal) upon their ears in the cave for
11
a number of years. 12 Then We resurrected them to
know which of the two parties could better
enumerate the length of their stay. 13 We relate to
yousg their story in truth; they are indeed young
men who believed in their Lord and We increased
them in guidance. 14 And We strengthened their
hearts when they stood up and said, “Our Lord is
the Lord of the heavens and the earth; we will never
call upon any god apart from Him; most surely then
we would have spoken untruthfully. 15 These, our
people, have taken for themselves gods apart from
Him. If only they would come forth with a clear
manifestation of them. So who is more unjust than
one who fabricated lies against Allah?” 16 Now that
youpl have withdrawn from them and from whatever
they worship but Allah, take shelter in the cave, and
your Lord will unfold His mercy for you and will
set your affair towards ease.” 17 And yousg seeb the
sun when it rises, veering away from their cave
a
b
A tablet recording their story.
A grammatical shift from past tense to present tense, which serves to create a vivid portrait of past events.
195
PART 15. THE CAVE
Surah 18- Al-Kahf
ğ
h û h l ûh hğ
i
i h û i h
ƅj?
ŴjŲk űȲɅĠ Kh űû Ȳů Ǭȿ
Ž ťj Źû ŭů‹ Ǔj? Aÿm bi įŦ Ĭ‹
i h
qh
hh
i h û khih
hûğ
cŋh Ļbø
̑ ĵŪŦŋjû Ųk űȡŋj Ɋû = Ŵjû Ųk űȲů IJ
j žŹɆb ĀjŷjļƧK
h
hû h h û û h h i h hğ h h h h h û ğ
AJ˯ ǻ
j ųj Ȏ‹ DAJ űŹj jŧŹŬ ŴŠ KbŠɸĻ ĺšŰŚ AJj? ōųŒɉ‹
k h h û i i ûğ hhh
h h
û hŦ Ǎ űû Ÿi bh ^ĵųh Œɉ‹
ūj ɉŠə ŷô i Ŷjû Ųk p ˅źh ł
j
j j DAJ űŹŗŋj Ūȩ ĺɅŋţ
û
û û
h iğ
ğ
h
Ůj ŰŘiŽ ŴŲh bh ˌʼnj ļh Źû ųi ɉ‹ źh Źi ȯ Ĭ‹
ʼnj Źû Ȭh ŴŲh ñjĬ‹ ĺ
j Š ɔA;h Ŵjû Ų
h h h hh
x ii û i h q hûh û ii h ûh h
q Ġ q
ô IźũK űŸb ĵŝĵŪȬɁ űŹĸŏƕb ̒ Aʼnjőŋû Ų ĵȎk j bh ÿȔi ʼnƏ
j ŴŰŦ
ûh
k
h h
hû h h û iik hi h
řx jŏŠɐh űŹi ĸi ȣbh ˌj^ĵųh Œɉ‹
j DAJbh ǻ
j ųj Ȏ‹ DAJ űŹĸj ŰŪȫb
ğ źhɉ ʼnj žŔ
h šû hŰŚ‹
h ûȎğ źh h ɉ űû Źžû hŰŠh ĺ
hû û h h
ˊKAq ŋjh Ŧ űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ĺ
j
j ˏ j źɉĭjķ jŷžȭAKjJ
l i h m h h h û i h û h h h Šh h h
û
h Ĵjû Űųi h ɉbh
Aźɉ;ĵŏȽȎj űŹŠɰĿšȨ ūj ɉɶȡb ̓ ĵĸq ŠKi űû Źi Ŷjû Ų ĺ
h
û h l i h û h h
x mh h h
bû = ĵŲe źû hŽ ĵŶh ȾjȊ Aźɉĵũ ðűû ļi ȾjȊ űû ȱ űû Źi Ŷjû Ųk Ůjɋĵũ ^ĵũ űô û Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ
lm ih û h û iû h h i h û h û i Ġ h l i h ûh h û h
AźĿšȨĭŦ űļȾjȊ ĵųjķ űŰŠ= űȲɅK Aźɉĵũ ˏˉp źŽ ŖšȨ
h h i hûh h hû h
h
h i
i
Š h Lû = m ĵŹh ȬĠ Ɂ ŋû ŞŶ
ȟ
žŰŦ jĹŶŽjʼnųɉ‹ Ǔj? mĀj aŊj Šɪ űû Ȳj ũjKźh j ķ űȱʼnh ńh =
û h û
ğ û h
i û ûh q h h
`ŋh šj Œiȹ ƅbh ťśğ Űļh hȎbh ŷi Ŷjû Ųk \p Lû ŋj j ķ űȲj Ļįžh ŰŦ ĵŲĵ
šŚ
hû û i i i h û i û h h l h û h
h
ğ
i
b= űȡźƦŋû Ž űȲžŰŠ Abŋi ŹŞȬ `j? űû Źi ȫj? ̔ Aʼne ńh = űû Ȳjķ
ğ
i i i
ûi h
q h e l
h h h
ūj ɉŠɶȡbh ̕ AʼnhķɁ AJj? Aźm Ņji Űŧȩ Ŵůbh űû Źj j ļŰɊj Ǎj űû ȡbʼnž
jšŽ
h
h
h h h ğ ğ h xk h ğ h û h ğ l m i h û h û û h h h û h û h
ƅ ĹŠĵŏɉ‹
`=b Ũń jĬ‹ ʼnŠb `= AźųŰšȎj űŹj žŰŠ ĵŵǜȭ=
l i hh i h
hh l
û mh h ûh
h
űŹj žû ŰŠ AźŶi Ȩ‹û AźɉĵŪȯ ðűû Ÿŋh Ɋû = űû Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ `źŠi Ōh Šɰh ļh Ȭh Jj? ĵŹžj
ȯ ĶɆK
h
h
h ȑ‹ğ ^ĵh hũ űô û Źķ űi hŰŠû = űû Źi ɅĠ Kğ ðĵŶq Šɱh Ŷû Ȩi
Ģ h h l Aźĸi hŰţh ŴŽj
űjû Ÿŋj Ɋû = ȇ
jj
i
h
x
h
h
i
h
q
û ğ
û h h ğ h j ļğ hȍh
űû Źi ši j ķAKğ ĹĿŠʄľ `źɉźŪžh Ŏh ̖ Aʼnł
j ŏŲ űŹj žŰŠ `Ŋň
û h û üh û h û i i û h û i i h x h û h h i i h h û i i û h
Ķ
ˌ j žŤůĭjķ ˋƦK űŹĸǿ űŹŎjIĵŎ Ĺŏƨ `źɉźŪɆb űŹĸǿ
h û h mk ğ i û iiûh û ii h h x h û h h i ih h
ĵŲğ űŹj j Ļʼnğ šj j ķ űi ŰŠ= ȗ
j K Ůũ űô Źĸǿ űŹŶjŲĵľb ĹšĸŎ `źɉźŪɆb
ğ
h
h
i hh x h ğ
h m
ƅbh ˊŋq Źj Šɡ ;q Aŋjh Ɋ ƅj? űû Źj žjȯ jKĵųh ȩ ƆŦ ñ Ůžj Űũ ƅj? űû Źi ųi Űšû Ȭh
k û l h ğh ih hh
ûh ûh
qh h û iûk
ƭj j ? ;g dĵŒj ɉ ŴůźŪȩ ƅb ̗ Aʼnń= űŹŶjŲ űŹj žjȯ ĺ
j ŧļŏȶ
towards the right, and when it sets, moving away
from them to the left as they lie in a hollow therein;
that is of Allah’s signs. Whomever Allah guides is
the (truly) guided one, but whomever He leads
astray—for him yousg will find no guiding guardian.
And yousg think them awake, although they are
18
asleep. And We turn them over to the right and to
the left, with their dog stretching its paws across the
threshold. Had you looked at them, you would
surely have turned away from them in flight and
been filled with fear of them. 19 And thus We made
them rise again so that they may ask one another.
A speaker among them said, “How long have youpl
stayed?” They said, “We have stayed a day or part
of a day.” They said, “Your pl Lord knows better how
long you have stayed. So send one of you to the city
with this silver (coin) of yours and let him look for
whichever of them has the purest food and let him
bring you some provision thereof. And let him go
with discretion so that no one becomes aware of
you. 20 If they prevail over youpl, they will surely
either stone you or force you back into their creed,
and then you would never succeed, ever.” 21 And
thus We caused them to be discovered, that theya
would know that the promise of Allahb is true and
that of the Hour there is no doubt. As they were
disagreeing with each other about their affair, they
said, “Build over them a structure.” Their Lord
knows better about them. Those who prevailed over
their affair c said, “We will set up over them a
mosqued.” 22 Some will say, “Three, their fourth
being their dog.” And some will say, “Five, their
sixth being their dog,” —guessing at the unknown.
And some will say, “Seven, and their eighth being
their dog.” Saysg, “My Lord knows better of their
exact number”. None knows (the reality about) them
except a few. So enter sg not into controversies
concerning them except on a matter that is clear,
and do not consult any of theme about them. 23 And
never say about anything, “I will do that tomorrow”
without (saying), “God willing.” And remember
24
your Lord if you forget (to say it) and say, “Hopefully
my Lord will guide me to something nearer to
And they remained in their
prudence than this.”
25
a
b
c
d
e
The people of the city who discovered them.
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Literally ‘those who overcame (the others) in their affair’.
The Arabic word is masjid which literally means ‘a place for prostration’.
The People of the Scripture.
196
PART 15. THE CAVE
Surah 18- Al-Kahf
i û iğ hm hh h mğ
h h h x h
h h
AJj? ūɅğ Kğ ŋŬJ‹bh ôĬ‹
;ĵŒȹ `= ƅj? ̘ Aʼne ţ ūj ɉŠə ŮjŠĵŦ
h h h ûih h h
ûh k
q h h h
Ģ Š Ůũb ĺž jŏȸ
AʼnőKh AŊŠɪ Ŵjû Ų Bh ŋh ũƁj ȗj Kh Ŵj hŽjʼnŹû Ȭh `= ƿ
l i hû h h
h l i h
hl h hh
̚ ĵšq ŏjû ȶ AbIAIL‹
b ǻjȿŎj Ĺp ijĵjŲ ĽŠʄľ űû Źj jŧŹû Ŭ Ǎj AźĿjȊbh ̙
hû h
h Š ʅh ŏɉ‹
ğ Ķ
i žû Ȯh ÿȔi h l Aźð Ŀi Ȋh ĵųh ķ űi hŰŠû h= Ĭ‹
i ğ Ůiũ
Š
j
Ɓ‹
b
D
ʆ
P˱
j
ˌ
j
j
j
h
h
h
û
i ȹ ƅbh Ƞ
û j ûķɁh
k bh ŴjŲ ĀjŷjŵbIi ŴjŲk űŹi ɉ ĵŲh şô û ųj Ŏû =bh Ājŷjķ Dz
]i Ǭ
j
pj
qh h m û i
h ûh h j i m h iû h
h Ŭ ŴjŲ ū
B
ĵ
ļj
Ȏ
?
Ƹb
=
ĵ
Ų
Ů
Ļ‹
b
̛
A
ʼn
ń= Ājŷųj ŭń Ǎj
j
j
h hh
q h hû i
i
h h hkhi h h kh
̜ AʼnŅ
ļŰɊ ĀjŷjŵbI ŴjŲ ʼnh Ə
j Ŵůb ĀjŷjļŠʅj Ȁj ů ^jʼnĸŲ ƅ ðūjɅK
h i ûh h ğ h h h h ûh û û h
k j šh ûů‹bh j CbŠ ʼnh Ťh ûůĭjķ űŹi Ʌğ Kh `ź
ŠʼnŽ ŴŽjȑ‹ şŲ ūŏŧȫ ǚj Ŕ‹b
ǀ
j
hh
h i i
h Ŷh žû ȭh ʼni šû ȩh ƅh bh ÿŷi Źh Łû bh `b
i ŋiĻ űû Źi Ŷû ȭh ]ĵ
ĹŶɆ
Lj ʼnɆ
ʼnɆŋj Ž
ð
j
h
h
û
û
û
û
h
û Ġ Š h hû
h
h
i
h
j Cźžơ‹
ĵŵŋj ŬjJ ŴŠ ÿŷi ĸh Űũ ĵŶh ŰŧȮ= Ŵû Ųh şû śj Ļ ƅbh ðĵžh ȫȐ‹
h
û
h
i k
Ġ h Ůiũbh ̝ ĵŚq ŋi iŦ ÿiaŋi Ɋû = `h Ȣbh ŷi Š Ɗźh Ÿh şh ĸh ȩ‹ğ bh
ðűû ȲjɅKğ ŴjŲ Ũơ‹
j
h
h û h û h mğ û i û hûh hm h
û ûh m h
ĵŵʼnļȭ= ĵȫj? ô ŋŧȲžŰŦ ;ĵő ŴŲh bh ŴjŲİži ŰŦ ;h ĵő Ŵųh ȯ
l i hi l i h ûh
i h i û
ğ
h ńh h= AKĵ
h ųjۊɾŰj
e hŵ ǻ
AźľĵŤȬ AźĿžjŤļŏȹ `˯ ô ĵŹh ȰjIAǦ
űŹj j ķ Qĵ
ɉ
j
û
û
û m
i Ǭɉ‹
h ğ ōh Ȼû ķ ôhaźŁi źi ɉ‹ dźŒû h ȹ ŮŹû ųi ɉĭŬh p;mĵųh ķ
D;h ĵŎh bh BA
j
j
j
j
ğ
h ğ
l
l
i
ğ
e
h
h
ğ
h
h
i
h
i
h ȑ‹ `? ̞ ĵŪŧȩŋû Ɋ
ƅ ĵŵj? ĺ
j Šɳj ۊɻů‹ AźŰųj Šbh AźŶŲA;h ŴŽj
j
h
h i i
i
e h
h Ģhl
i Šɰğ Łh űû Źi h ɉ ū
Ř
ĺ
Ɍj ʤb= ̟ Ɔųh ȭ Ŵh ŏh ńû = Ŵû Ųh ŋh Łû = şž
j ŵ
h
h
h ȯ `h źû Űğ hƘi ŋi Š ʇh ûŵƁ‹û űi Źjļûƕh ŴjŲ dŋûƏh `ʼnû Šh
Kh jbĵŎh = Ŵjû Ų ĵŹžj
j
j p
û
h
h
û
i
û Mʼni ŶŎi ŴjŲk ˊǴ
h û ȽŎ˯
q Ň ĵeķĵžjh Ȫ `źŏi ȼh ŰɆh bh ĶŸh Jh ŴjŲ
\p ǚ
p
p
h
û
h
m
h
û Ŷh ŏi ńh bh BA
h j ļğ ŲĠ
h
i źh ğȌ‹ űh šjû ŵ ū
h
ĺ
ˏ j j ɋAKƁ‹ ȇ ĵŹžjȯ ǻnZj ŭ
h û
qhhûi
ûh i ğ qh ğ ih û û h
ĵųjh Ÿʼnj ńh Ɓj ĵŶh Űšh Łh ǻ
j ŰŁK ƆĿŲ űŹɉ Bǰ‹
j bø ̠ ĵŪŧȩŋɊ
û
ûh
û
h Šû h= Ŵjû Ų ǻû hȽŶğ Łh
Š
ɰ
ĵųh Źi Ŷh ûɀhķ ĵŶh Űšh Łh bh Ůp ňŶh j ķ ĵųh Źi Šɰh ŧŧńh bh Ķ
j
p
i
û
û
h
h
ûh
i
û hĻA;h ǻû hȽŶğ Ơ‹
h ĵļh jǿ ̡ ȕq Kû Lh
ŷi Ŷjû Ųk űj ŰŞȩ űû ɉbh ĵŹh Űȱ= ĺ
j
h hh
h h
h h h h
h h q h
h
^ĵŪȯ ŋx ųh Ȫ ÿȔi `Ȣbh ̢ ˊŋq Źh ȫ ĵųh Źi ۊʄjŇ ĵŵŋû łğ Ŧbh ô ĵnZžû ő
cave for three hundred years, adding nine. 26 Saysg,
“Allah knows better how long they remained; to
Him belongs the hidden realm of the heavens and
the earth. How clearly He sees and how finely He
hears! They have no guardian apart from Him, and
He doesa not associate anyone in His judgment.” 27
And read sg what was revealed to you from the
Scripture of your Lord; none can change His words,
and you will find no refuge apart from Him. 28 And
keepsg yourself patient in the company of those who
pray to their Lord morning and evening, seeking
His Countenanceb, and do not turn your eyes away
from them, seeking the adornment of the Earlier
Life, and do not obey one whose heart We have
made heedless of Our remembrancec so that he has
followed his own whim and his affairs have become
confused. 29 And saysg, “Truth comes from your
Lord. So whoever wills—let him believe, and
whoever wills—let him disbelieve”. We have
indeed prepared for the unjust a fire whose curtains
have hemmed them in, and when they cry for relief,
they are relieved with water like molten brass which
scalds the faces. What a miserable drink, and what
a bad place of rest! 30 Indeed, those who have
attained faith and have done righteous deeds…d—
indeed, We do not waste the reward of whoever
excels in work. 31 For those, there are the Gardens
of Eden, rivers flowing beneath them. In it, they aree
adorned with bracelets of gold and wear green
garments of silk and brocade, reclining therein on
couches. What a wonderful recompense, and what
an excellent place of rest! 32 And setsg forth for them
a parable of two men. To one of them We gave two
gardens of grapevines, and We bordered them with
palm-trees and We placed between them vegetation.
Each of the two gardens brought forth its crops
33
in full and failed not in the least therein, and We
caused a river to burst forth throughout them. 34
And thus he had richesf, so he said to his fellow as
he conversed with him, “I am wealthier than you
and greater in manpower.” 35 And he entered his
garden while unjust to himself. He said, “I do not
Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “. . . and do not associate anyone in His judgement.”
b
Al-Alousi and other exegetes interpreted this expression as ‘to please Him’.
c
The Arabic word zhikr can be translated as ‘remembrance’, ‘reminder’ or ‘mentioning’.
d
This sentence is left open-ended; according Az-Zamakhshari its predicate is sign 31.
e
A grammatical shift to present tense, which serves to create a vivid portrait of future events.
f
The Arabic word used is thamar which can be pronounced as thumr or thumur according to the majority of reciters, and
in all cases it also means ‘produce’.
Qa
197
PART 15. THE CAVE
Surah 18- Al-Kahf
hh h h q h
û h úhh mii hi h i h
h
ihȱ
ˊŋq ŧȫ ŌĠ Š=bh ƅĵŲh ūŶjŲ ǜ
= ĵŵɁ ÿaKjbĵƘ źŸb ĀjŷjĸŅ
j Š ɻj ů
h ih m h h
hh h
û k
h i
`= ŴĠ ŝ= ĵŲh ^ĵũ Ājŷ jŏŧhȍj űjx ɉĵŝ źh Ÿbh ÿŷi ļh Ŷğ Łh ŮŇIbh ̣
h q mh hh ğ Ġ ih mhh
h h h
Ġ
q h
DIjIKĠ ŴjɌůbh Ĺųh j ɋĵũ ĹŠĵŏɉ‹
Ŵŝ= ĵŲb ̤ AʼnhķɁ mĀj aŊj Šɪ ʼnž
j ȼĻ
h
h h h
h h
q û Ňh `ğ ʼnh ŁƁh ȗk Kh ǓŠ h ?
ÿŷi ĸji ńĵŔh ÿȔi ^ĵũ ̥ ĵĸq ŰŪŶŲi ĵŹh Ŷjû Ųk ˊǞ
j
j
j
h
ğ
h
i
iğ
h
h
h h
h û h mii h hi h
hi
ŴjŲ űȪ BA
p ŋĻ ŴjŲ ūŪŰŇ djȑĭjķ Dŋŧȱ= ÿaKjbĵƘ źŸb
qi h h Šğ h ği h ûĠ
û i m h h k h i ğ h i ú ğ Šğ
]i Ǩ
j = ƅb ȗj K Ĭ‹ źŸ ĵŶjŭɧ ̦ ƆŁK ūƊźŎ űȪ Ĺp ŧśȫ
ğ hm h h h û i h hğ h h û h h û m hûh h
qh h mkh
iĬ‹
;ĵő ĵŲ ĺŰũ ūļŶŁ ĺŰŇI Jj? ƅźɉb ̧ Aʼnń= ȗj ŋjķ
ğ h i h
hhh q h h
ğhh úhh hh
ğ
q
̨ AȐbb ƅĵŲ ūŶjŲ Ůũ= ĵŵɁ `j ŋĻ `j ? jĬĭ
ô j ķ ƅj? Cźğ ũ ƅ
hh h
h
h hh
q û Ňh ǻjh ȩİû iŽ `h= ȗ
m k Kh ƿ
ĵŹh žû ŰŠ ŮjŎŋû Ɇi bh ūjļŶğ Łh ŴjŲk ˊǞ
j
j Š šȯ
h
h m ğ h k q h û i
eh q
Ńh j ĸŕû iŽ bû = ̩ ĵŪůLh AʼnžjšŔh Ńh j ĸŕû ļi ȯ j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ ĵȫĵĸŏń
i
h
h
h
h h h
h śj ļh ŏû h ȶ ŴŰhŦ ˊKq źû ţh ĵŸh >i m ĵŲh
Āj aŋj ųh Ŀjķ řžj
ń=b ̪ ĵĸq ŰŚh ÿȔi şž
h h m h Šh h û ğ h i k h i h h û h h
h ȯ Ũh ŧŵ
h j bh ĵŹžj
Š h h Ĺf Ɇh bĵŇh Ǘ
ȇ
= ĵŲ ȇ jŷžŧŬ Ķj ŰŪȬ ŃĸŔįŦ
j
h
i
hû h
q m k h û û û h h ûhŠh i i h h h i i
űɉb ̫ Aʼnńh = ȗ
j = űɉ ƴj ȽžŰɔ ^źŪɆb ĵŹjőbŋŠ
j ŋjķ ]Ǩ
ğ
i
h Ųi `h ǽh ĵŲh bh jĬ‹
ih i i h x h iğ i h
e j ļŶ
`b
ADz
j I ŴjŲ ÿŷŵbDzŶŽ ĹĴj Ŧ ÿȔ ŴȲĻ
û i f û h h q h h x û h h i k hû ğ i h Šh h û h h i
̭ ĵĸq Ūȭ Ǟ
Ňb ĵķAźľ ǞŇ źŸ Ũ
ˏ j ơ‹ jĬj Ĺžɧźɉ‹ ūj ɉĵŶŸ ̬
h
m ğ h i h û h m h h h û Ġ Š h hû h h ğ i h û û h
j;ĵųh ŏɉ‹
ŴjŲ ŷŠɰůŌŵ= ;g ĵųŬ ĵžȫȐ‹ j Cźžơ‹ ŮĿŲ űŹɉ Bǰ‹
j b
h
h
û i hh
h û h
q jŒŸh Ńh ĸh Ŕû įhŦ P˱
i h k ab
i Ki Ŋû hĻ ĵųž
j Ɓ‹ Dĵ
ĸȫ Ājŷjķ řh Űļh ŇĭŦ
ñъɔŋɉ‹
j
hh iğ h hh
ih h ihû h i hû
e h û Ġ û h ki ȇ
ĹŶɆ
j Š Ĭ‹ `Ȣb
jL `źŶȊ‹b ^ĵųɉ‹ ̮ AKjʼnļŪŲ p;ƾ ȁ
ğ
h
h Š Ǟ
Ġ j CźŠ žh ơ‹
i Šɱh jŪŠɭh ûů‹bh ðĵžh ȫû Ȑ‹
i Šɳjh ۊɻů‹
f û Ňh ĺ
hû
ĺ
ūjɅk Kh ʼnŶj
qhh fû h h q hh
h hû
h h û ik hi hûhh
Ɔ
Ɋ= ǞŇb ĵķAźľ
P˱Ɓ‹ cŋh Ļbh ^ĵĸh Ơ‹
̯
Ǟ
ŏ
ȸ
_
ź
Ɇ
b
j
j
h
û h ńh bh Cq Lh Kĵhķ
Š h h l Aźŗi ŋŠi bh ̰ Aʼnq ńh = űû Źi Ŷjû Ų Kjû IĵŤh ȫi űû hŰhŦ űû Źi Šɓh Ǭ
ȇ
j
j
û h ğ h h ğ h û i Š h û h h h h h i i û û h ğ kq h h k h
Ůķ ģ ô CŋɊ ^b= űȲɰŪŰŇ ĵųŬ ĵŵźųļĴŁ
j ʼnŪů ĵŧŔ ūjɅK
q û ğ i h hhûğ ğh û iû h h
iĶŠɮjh ŭûů‹ şh ŗ
h
i
j bb ̱ AʼnjŠźŲ űȲů ŮšƑ ŴůɁ űļųȭL
think that this will ever perish, 36 and I do not think
that the Hour is ever coming. And even if I am
taken back to my Lord, I will most surely find
something better than ita as a destination.” 37 His
fellow said to him as he conversed with him, “Have
you denied the One Who created you from dust,
then from a sperm-drop, then formed you as a man?
But as for me, He is Allah, my Lord, and I never
38
associate anyone with my Lord. 39 Now, if only
when you had entered your garden you had said,
‘As Allah wills; there is no power except through
Allah,’ although you see me inferior to you in
wealth and children. 40 Hopefully my Lord will give
me better than your garden and send upon it
thunderbolts from the sky so that it becomes
slippery soil, 41 or its water sinks into the ground so
that you become unable to draw it.” 42 And ruin
closed in on his riches and he began wringing his
hands over what he had spent therein, as it lay fallen
upon its trellises, saying, “I wish I had never
associated anyone with my Lord.” 43 And he had no
battalion to support him apart from Allah, and he
was unable to help himself. 44 In that situation,
protectionb belongs to Allah, the Truth; He is better
in rewarding and better in requiting. 45 And setsg
forth for them a parable for the Earlier Life: (it is) like
water that We sent down from the sky, then the
plants of the earth were mixed with it, so it became
debris scattered by the wind c. And Allahd has
always had absolute power over everything. 46
Wealth and children are the adornments of the
Earlier Life, while abiding deeds of righteousness
are more rewardable by yoursg Lord and worthier of
being hoped for. 47 And on the day when We set the
mountains e in motion and you sg see the earth
emerging; and We herdedf them together and left
none of them behind. 48 And they were presented,
lining up before yoursg Lord. “Very truly, youpl have
come to Us as We created you the first time. No
indeed, you claimed We would never set an
appointment for you.” 49 And the recordg was placed,
Nafieʻ, Ibn Kathir,
Ibn ʻAmer and Abu Jaʻfar read it as: “. . . better than them both as . . .”
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “In that situation, authority belongs to Allah . . .”
Qc
Hamza, Al-Kesa’i and Khalaf read it as: “winds”
d
A grammatical shift from 1st person to 3rd person.
Qe
Ibn Kathir, Abu ʻAmr and Ibn ʻAmer read it as: “And on the day when the mountains are set in motion . . .”
f
Frequently the Qur’an addresses the events of the hereafter in past tense; this grammatical shift should be pondered by
the reader.
g
Literally ‘scripture’.
Qa
Qb
198
PART 15. THE CAVE
Surah 18- Al-Kahf
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ĵŶh ļh ŰɆû źh Š ɔ `źɉźŪɆh bh jŷžjȯ ĵųjğ Ɋ ǻ
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and yousg seea the criminals fearful of whatever is
in it, and they say, “Woe to us! What is with this
record that leaves nothing, small or big, but it has
enumerated it?” And they foundb whatever they had
done present (before them), for yoursg Lord is never
unjust to anyone. 50 And recall when We said to the
angels, “Prostrate to Adam.” So they prostrated—
but not Iblisc. He was one of the unseen beingsd, so
he defied the command of his Lord. Will you take
him and his offspring as guardians apart from Me
when they are an enemy to you? What a miserable
bargain for the unjust! 51 Ie did not make them
witness the creation of the heavens and the earth,
nor their own creation, and never was I tof take the
misguiding people for assistants. 52 And on the day
when He saysg, “Call on My associates whom you
have claimed.” So they calledh on them, but they did
not re