Lipa City Colleges
LCC Research Journal
FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS’ TIME MANAGEMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO
THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
sufficient time to perform certain task given to them. Time management however, is comprised of
ALYANNA JOYCE PAGUIO
according to Aduke (2015), are both strong indicators of time management troubles for students
ABSTRACT
This study is focused on how time management skills influence students’ academic
performance in LCC Silvercrest School. The method of research applied by the researcher in this
study is the quantitative descriptive research utilizing itemized rating scales.Random sampling is
used to select 30 respondents. The participants are students who are enrolled in LCC Silvercrest
School SY. 2019-2020.
Based on the result of the study the respondents strongly agreed when it comes to the
extent of students academic procrastination affecting their time managements. When it comes to
the extent of students prioritization techniques affecting their time management all the student
respondents strongly agreed that they make checklist of the things that they need to do every day.
Keywords: time management, academic performance, academic procatination
INTRODUCTION
Students in general have very busy and stressful lives due to attending classes,
several factors contributing to it such as academic procrastination and prioritization which
who pursuit their academic studies.
Academic procrastination occurs at all levels of education. People with procrastination
are unable in managing their time and there is high difference between their actual perception and
their perceived behaviors. Research has shown that academic procrastination is a relatively
common phenomenon among adults and students in an institution. This can affect student’s
academic progression in which student tends to delay their academic task. In the end, they get
distressed when there are a lot of subjects need to be studied and they do not have enough time to
do so. In this regard, students’ defected time management may be defined as characteristics for
students with academic procrastination.
Prioritization is also another factor that affects students’ time management. However,
students do not feel that prioritizing task based on importance is a need (Aduke, 2015). This leads
to academic stress. Academic stress takes place with some situations like students rushing in
completing assignment; experience the pressure to cramming for the exams as well as sleeping in
only few hours due to disorganizations and worry. Students feeling frustrated in trying to get
themselves to begin their own work because they are poor in time management skill such as
prioritization of tasks (Aduke, 2015).
completing assignments and studying for exams. In addition, they have their own daily routines and
LCC Silvercrest School envisions students that are holistically developed but is recently
lifestyles that are necessary for creating balance between academics and recreational activities.
experiencing such concerns with students regarding their time management. As observed, there
However, finding time to do everything at once can be challenging. This is where good time
are several cases of students’ academic performance being affected by the way they manage their
management skills come into practice.
time in school related tasks.
Time management is the skill in which all students should not only know, but also need to
This study may plug in new contribution to knowledge about the implications and
know how to apply (Faisal, Abdulla, Mohammad, & Nabil, 2014). Students have a lot of tasks and
correlations of time management towards academic performance at LCC Silvercrest School. The
had to satisfy a lot of different teachers, and the grades for each subject are determined by the
result of the study would help the institution to strengthen the teaching and learning process
academic task quality. Recently, there are a lot of students who are facing problems in their
through a better time management strategic program.
academics due to difficulties in their time management and complaint that they do not have
90
91
Lipa City Colleges
LCC Research Journal
target (Burger, 2006). Therefore, these students use time better and exhibit more constructive
reactions against preventions (Yeşilyaprak, 2004).
METHODOLOGY
However, the said student respondents also strongly agreed that they can get support
This study is focused on how time management skills influence students’ academic
performance in LCC Silvercrest School. The method of research applied by the researcher in this
from their parents in every schoolwork that they do which gained the least weighted mean of 3.40
and ranked 5.
study is the quantitative descriptive research utilizing itemized rating scales.Random sampling will
This was supported by the study of Trivette and Anderson’s (1995) (as cited in Keceli-
be used to select 30 respondents. The participants must be currently enrolled in LCC Silvercrest
Kaysili, 2008), which investigated the relationship between academic achievement and family
School SY. 2019-2020.
participation components with the participation of 8-grade students and their families, found that
academic expectation and support is the most influential factor for families.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Table 1
The Extent Of Students Academic Procrastination Affecting TheirTime Management
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Indicators
I do my projects on time.
I study my lessons a week before the exams.
I keep up with my weekly reading assignments.
I believe that I can finish my schoolwork before the deadline.
I can get support from my parents in every schoolwork I do.
Composite Mean
WM
3.93
4.06
3.63
4.33
3.40
VI
SA
SA
SA
SA
SA
3.873
R
3
2
4
1
5
As presented in the table, all the student respondents strongly agreed that they believe
they can finish their schoolwork before the deadline as evidenced by the highest weighted mean of
4.33 and the highest rank of 1.
Table 2
The Extent of Students Prioritization Techniques Affecting their Time Management
Indicators
I do my schoolwork depending on its level of priority.
I make a checklist of the things I need to do every day.
I have a weekly schedule of my activities.
I follow the checklist that I made.
I manage my time well because of my checklist
Composite Mean
WM
4.13
4.16
3.96
3.90
3.86
VI
SA
SA
SA
SA
SA
4.002
R
2
1
3
4
5
As presented in the table, all the student respondents strongly agreed that they make
checklist of the things that they need to do every day as evidenced by the highest weighted mean
of 4.16 and the highest rank of 1.
This was supported by the study of (Sabelis, 2001), stating that one can make use of
This was supported by the study of Dag (1991), that there is a positive relationship
time effectively and competently by keeping time logs, setting immediate and long- standing goals,
between academic success and internal locus of control. Internal locus of control is “the tendency
prioritizing responsibilities, constructing to-do lists and arrangement, and organize one’s workspace,
of the individual to perceive events, good or bad, that affect him/her as the results of his/her own
as studies of earlier period and plentiful how-to books are proposed. A checklist is a type of job aid
abilities, features, and behaviors, or the results of outer powers like fortune, fate, and the others”
used to reduce failure by compensating for potential limits of human memory and attention. It helps
(Dönmez, 1986). The locus of control was first introduced by Rotter. According to Rotter, the
to ensure consistency and completeness in carrying out a task.
individual acts in a certain way with an expectation from that behavior.
Mercanlioglu, (2010), also states that time management demands a key shift in emphasis:
Students who show internal locus of control tendencies know that their academic
concentrate on results, not on being busy. There are a lot of cases with people who waste their
success depends on themselves and pay more attention to every information in order to reach their
lives in discolored doings and attain very small since they are placing their labors into the incorrect
90
92
91
93
Lipa City Colleges
LCC Research Journal
responsibilities or weakening to focus their activity successfully, established that two-time
and dedicated to their task. Likewise, the environment wherein the students are, also contributes to
management workings directly affect the collective academic achievements.
their sense of duty for their work.
However, the said student respondents also strongly agreed that they can manage their
time well because of their checklist which gained the least weighted mean of 3.86 and ranked 5.
The outcome of this study is supported by the study of Senecal, Koestner and Vallerand
(1995) reveals that individuals with high intrinsic motivation procrastinate less, and those with high
In the study of (Kaushar, 2013), the perception of how students time requires to be used
extrinsic motivation procrastinate more. This supports the claim that procrastination is a
up or planning including utilizing short and long period goals and time attitudes or students
motivational matter. Likewise, Lee (2005) asserts that intrinsic motivation has important effects on
accomplished that both planning and encouraging time attitudes initiated that they had much more
procrastination. Thus, while considering the reasons for procrastination, one has to take
time to finish their everyday work because they experiences more in control of how their time was
motivational factors into consideration.
exhausted therefore knowing when they had to state no to activities.
Dunn et al., (2014); Steel, (2007); Kim & Seo, (2015), concluded in their studies that
Time management practices is connected to the individual's awareness and attitudes
procrastination displays a negative influence on academic performance.
about time management and is comparable to the perception of having control over time. With
On the other hand, as gleaned in the table, the correlation coefficient of .83 for
students having control of their time, although is guided by a checklist, they tend to somehow fails
prioritization has a corresponding p value of .000 which was the less than the p value of 0.05, thus
in following their constructed “to-do-list” due to factors including weakening of focus and distraction
generalizing that prioritization has significant relationship to the student’s academic performance.
from external environment.
This was due to students giving more emphasis of time for the things that is more
important in their studies. Finishing tasks on time will be as a result of proper prioritization of tasks
Table 3
Relationship Between The Assessment Of The Factors And Student Performance
Variables
Academic Procastination
GPA
Prioritization
GPA
Corr. Coeff.
p-value
Academic Procrastination Versus GPA
.88
.000
1
.000
Prioritization Versus GPA
.83
.000
1
.000
Interpretation
Highly Significant
Highly Significant
Highly Significant
Highly Significant
As seen in the table, the correlation coefficient of .88 for academic procrastination has a
corresponding p value of .000 which was the less than the p value of 0.05, thus generalizing that
academic procrastination has significant relationship to the student’s academic performance.
It can be derived that student’s way of intentional choice of one action over the other
choices greatly influences their academic performance. It is due to that their own perception of
knowledge and compliance to duties will only be working if they, themselves are very much willing
90
94
at hand. In this case, performance-based tasks will be assessed according to its urgency and need.
The outcome was secondhanded by the study of Al-Zoubi (2016), explains that one must
give priorities to the important tasks over the other task, allocate sufficient time to obtain the best
results for the sake of effectiveness. The effectiveness can be assessed by the quality of tasks
completed in particular time. Prioritization based on the importance of task can be done by
recording important dates like the due dates of assignment and then arranging them based on due
date, difficulty and the size of assignment (Faisal et al, 2014).
According to Aduke (2015) selfdiscipline is needed in time of planning in order to improve
academic performances. Besides that, students need to be aware of time, strive hard to planning,
spend their time wisely without delaying the plan by setting up priorities on the plan, which in turn
will gain more academic confidence from knowing what they are progressing towards their goals.
The academic confidence will contribute to the high level of students’ academic performance.
91
95
Lipa City Colleges
LCC Research Journal
REFERENCES
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ847770.pdf
https://hbr.org/2018/08/why-we-procrastinate-when-we-have-long-deadlines
90
96
91