Parliamentary enactment of law:
First reading:
The Bill is presented in the parliament as a formality in the House of Lords or in the House of Commons,
where there are no debates on it.
Second reading:
The principles of the bill and its content are debated and a vote is taken on whether it should be passed
or not.
Committee stage:
16 to 50 MPs at this stage are gathered from every group to represent and they analyze the content of
the Bill.
Report stage:
At this stage, the parliament is notified if there were any changes made or not parliament can also advise
changes to the committee.
Third stage:
The Bill is introduced for final vote casting in the parliament when the vote is cast usually the law is not
rejected.
After passing the Commons, a Bill faces the Lord's scrutiny. If rejected, Parliament Acts of 1911 and 1949
empower the Commons to reintroduce and pass it without Lords' approval. The Commons can enact laws
despite Lords' objections, like the War Crimes Act. After Parliament approves, the Bill receives Royal
Assent as a formality under the Royal Assent Act 1961. The law becomes applicable from midnight unless
a different date is specified in the Act.