COURSE OUTLINE IN
OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS
(Atty. Elmer T. Rabuya)
BOOK IV
OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS
Title I. – OBLIGATIONS
CHAPTER I. – GENERAL PROVISIONS
Textbook : Tolentino, Vol. IV & Obligations and Contracts by Jurado
Article 1156
1. Concept of Obligation
2. Essential Elements of Obligation
(see : Ang Yu Asuncion vs. CA, 238 SCRA 602)
3. Civil Obligation Distinguished From Natural Obligation
(see : Arts. 1423 – 1430, Civil Code)
3.1 Concept of Natural Obligation
3.2 Natural Obligation Distinguished From Civil Obligation
3.3 Natural Obligation Distinguish From Moral Obligation
3.4 Meaning of “Voluntary Fulfillment” (see Arts. 1956 and 196 0, Civil Code)
3.5 Guaranty of Natural Obligations
See : Art. 2052, Civil Code
Article 1157
1. Sources of Obligations
Article 1158
Cases :
Leung Ben vs. O’Brien, 38 Phil. 182
Pelayo vs. Lauron, 12 Phil. 453
Bautista vs. Borromeo, 35 SCRA 119
Manila Trading & Supply Co. vs. Saez, 66 Phil. 237
Dela Cruz vs. Northern Theatrical Enterprises, 50 O.G. 42 25
Noel vs. CA, 240 SCRA 78
Article 1159
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1. Definition of Contract : See Art. 1305.
2. Various Stages of Contract : see Ang Yu Asuncion vs. CA, 238 SCRA 602
3. As To Perfection
(a) Consensual Contract : See Art. 1315, CC
(b) Real Contracts : See Art. 1316, CC
(c) Solemn Contract : See Art. 1357, CC
4. Obligatory Force of Contract
Cases :
Ang Yu Asuncion vs. CA, 238 SCRA 602
Pichel vs. Alonzo, 111 SCRA 341
Allied Banking Corp. vs. CA, 284 SCRA 357
Intestate Estate of the Late Ricardo P. Presbiterio, Sr. vs. CA,
217 SCRA 372
Sangalang vs. IAC, Dec. 22, 1988
Article 1160
1. Concept of Quasi Contract : See Art. 2142-2143, CC
Cases:
Leung Ben vs. O’Brien, 38 Phil. 182
Tangco vs. CA, 89 Phil. 395
Lao Chit vs. Security Bank and Trust Co., Inc., 105 Phil. 490
BPI vs. Pineda, 156 SCRA 404
2. Two Kinds of Quasi-Contract
(a) Negotiorum Gestio : see Arts. 2144 – 2153, CC
2. (a) (1) - Distinguished From Implied Agency.
2. (a) (2) - Art. 2144
Cases:
Adille vs. CA, 157 SCRA 455
Sison vs. Balgos, 34 Phil. 885
Rotea vs. Delupio, 67 Phil. 330
2. (a) (3) – Art. 2145
Case:
MRR Co. Cia. Vs. Transatlantica, 38 Phil. 87 5
US vs. Lim, 36 Phil. 682
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(b) Solutio Indebiti : See Arts. 2154 – 2163
2. (b) (1) - Requisites of Solutio Indebiti
Cases:
Power Commercial & Industrial Corp. vs. CA, 274 SCRA 597
City of Cebu vs. Piccio, 110 Phil. 558
Velez vs. Balzarza, 73 Phil. 630
2. (b) (2) - Examples of Solutio Indebiti
Cases:
Aquinena and Co. vs. Muertequi, 32 Phil. 261
Velez vs. Balzarza, 73 Phil. 630
Puyat and Sons, Inc. vs. Sarmiento, L-17447, April 30, 1963
Andres vs. Manufacturers Hanover Trust Corp., 177 SCRA 618
2. (b) (3) - No Solutio Indebiti
Cases:
Monte de Piedad vs. Rodrigo, 63 Phil. 312
Manila Surety and Fidelity Co., Inc., l-9343, Dec. 2 9, 1959
2. (b) (4) - Art. 2155
Cases:
Gonzalo Puyat & Sons, Inc. vs. City of Manila, 11 7 Phil. 985
Globe Mackay Cable and Radio Corp. vs. NLRC, June 29, 1988
(c) Other Quasi-Contracts : Arts. 2164 –2175
Article 1161
1. Civil Liability Arising From Criminal Offenses: See Arts. 100 - 103, Revised Penal Code
2. Basis of Civil Liability
Cases:
Banal vs. Tadeo, Jr., 156 SCRA 325
Occena vs. Icamina, 181 SCRA 328
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4. Dual Concept of Civil Liability
Cases:
Barredo vs. Garcia and Almario, 73 Phil. 607
Diana vs. Batangas Transportation Co., 93 Phil. 392
Elcano vs. Hill, 77 SCRA 93
Jarantilla vs. Court of Appeals, 171 SCRA 429
5. Two kinds of acquittal: (Manantan v. CA, 350 SCRA 387)
(A) Acquittal of the Accused Based on Reasonable Ground
(a) See: Art. 29, CC
(b) Cases :
Padilla vs. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 558
People vs. Jalandoni, 131 SCRA 454
Maximo vs. Gerochi, Jr., 144 SCRA 325
Castillo vs. CA, 176 SCRA 591
Heirs of the Late Teodoro Guaring, jr. vs. CA, 269 SCRA 283
(B) Acquittal Based on Ground That Accused Not Author of Act or Omission
(a) See: Sec. 2, Rule 111 of the 2000 Rule on Criminal Procedure
(b) Cases: Manliclic v. Calaunan, 512 SCRA 642 (2007)
Ching v. Nicdao, G.R. No. 141181, April 27, 2007
6. Effect of Death of Accused During Pendency of Appeal
Cases:
People vs. Bayotas, 236 SCRA 239
Villegas vs. Court of Appeals, 271 SCRA 14 8
Article 1162
1. Concept of Quasi-delict
see : Art. 2176, CC
2. Elements of Quasi-delict
Cases:
Taylor vs. Manila Electric Co., 16 Phil. 8
Philippine Bank of Commerce vs. CA, 269 SCRA 695
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Cangco vs. Manila Railroad Co., 33 Phil. 768
De Guia vs. Manila Electric Co., 40 Phil. 706
Gutierrez vs. Gutierrez, 56 Phil. 177
4. Culpa Aquiliana Distinguish From Culpa Criminal
Cases:
Barredo vs. Garcia and Almario, 73 Phil. 607
Elcano vs. Hill, 77 SCRA 98
5. Scope of Quasi-delicts
(a) Quasi-Delict and Delict.
Cases:
Barredo vs. Garcia and Almario, 73 Phil. 607
Elcano vs. Hill, 77 SCRA 98
Diana vs. Batangas Transportation Co., 93 Phil. 392
(b) Quasi-Delict and Breach of Contract
Cases;
Air France vs. Carrascoso, 18 SCRA 155, Sept. 28, 1966
Singson vs. BPI, 23 SCRA 1117
LRTA v. Natividad, G.R. No. 145804, Feb. 6, 2003
6. Prohibition Against Double Recovery
See: Art. 2177, CC