COMPLETE REVISION April 1999 Process Industry Practices Insulation PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All practices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice. © Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 3208 Red River Street, Suite 300, Austin, Texas 78705. PIP member companies may copy this practice for their internal use. 12/97 Issued 4/99 Complete Revision Not printed with State funds COMPLETE REVISION April 1999 Process Industry Practices Insulation PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes Table of Contents 1. Introduction...........................................2 1.1 Purpose ............................................2 1.2 Scope ...............................................2 2. References.............................................2 2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP) .......2 2.2 Industry Codes and Standards ..........2 3. Use of Insulation Type Codes ..............3 4. Insulation Type Codes..........................3 4.1 Hot Insulation Types .........................3 4.2 Cold Insulation Types........................4 4.3 Insulation Types For Traced and Energy Transfer Jacketed Systems...5 4.4 AC - Acoustic Control Insulation........6 4.5 FP - Fire Protection Insulation...........6 5. Ranking of Insulation Materials ...........6 5.1 Insulation Materials ...........................6 5.2 Ranking of Hot Insulation Material ....7 5.3 Ranking of Cold Insulation Material...7 6. Thickness Tables ..................................8 6.1 Hot Insulation Thickness Tables........8 6.2 Cold Insulation Thickness Tables ......8 Index of Tables INEG1006 - Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation Combined Table INEG1007 - Thickness of Fiberglass Insulation for HC INEG1008 - Thickness of Fiberglass Insulation for PP INEG1009 - Thickness of Fiberglass Insulation - Combined Table INEG1010 - Thickness of Mineral Wool Fiber Insulation for HC INEG1011 - Thickness of Mineral Wool Fiber Insulation for PP INEG1012 - Thickness of Mineral Wool Fiber Insulation Combined Table INEG1013 - Thickness of Expanded Perlite Insulation for HC INEG1014 - Thickness of Expanded Perlite Insulation for PP INEG1015 - Thickness of Expanded Perlite Insulation Combined Table INEG1016 - Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for HC INEG1017 - Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for PP Cold Insulation Thickness Tables INEG1051 - Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for CC INEG1052 - Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for CP INEG1053 - Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation Combined Table INEG1054 - Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for CC INEG1055 - Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for CP INEG1056 - Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation Combined Table Hot Insulation Thickness Tables: INEG1001 - Thickness of Calcium Silicate Insulation for HC INEG1002 - Thickness of Calcium Silicate Insulation for PP INEG1003 - Thickness of Calcium Silicate Insulation Combined Table INEG1004 - Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for HC INEG1005 - Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for PP Process Industry Practices Page 1 of 33 PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes 1. COMPLETE REVISION April 1999 Introduction 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this Practice is to provide requirements for the design of insulation systems. 1.2 2. Scope 1.2.1 This Practice covers the definitions and design requirements for types of insulation systems that are indicated by the type code on the Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs), data sheets, and other design documents. 1.2.2 Corrosion protection under insulation is not addressed in this Practice. References When adopted in this Practice, the latest edition of the following codes, standards, specifications and references in effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as otherwise specified. Short titles will be used herein when appropriate. 2.1 2.2 Process Industry Practices (PIP) – PIP INSC1000 - Requirements for Cold Service Insulation Materials – PIP INSC2000 - Installation of Cold Service Insulation Systems – PIP INSH1000 - Requirements for Hot Service Insulation Materials – PIP INSH2000 - Installation of Hot Service Insulation Systems Industry Codes and Standards • American Petroleum Institute (API) – • Page 2 of 33 API RP521 - Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) – ASTM C533 - Standard Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation – ASTM C547 - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Pipe Insulation – ASTM C552 - Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation – ASTM C591 - Standard Specification for Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation – ASTM C610 - Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation – ASTM C680 - Standard Practice for Determination of Heat Gain or Loss and the Surfaces Temperatures of Insulated Pipe and Equipment Systems by the Use of a Computer Program Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 • North American Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA) – 3. 4. 3E PLUS Insulation Thickness Computer Program Use of Insulation Type Codes 3.1 Insulation codes shall be used on P&IDs, data sheets, piping isometrics, and other project documents. 3.2 Insulation type codes consist of up to four characters. The first two of which are defined in Section 4. The second two characters may be used to define additional requirements such as combination systems or special requirements. Insulation Type Codes 4.1 Hot Insulation Types 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 Process Industry Practices HC - Heat Conservation Insulation 4.1.1.1 Heat conservation insulation shall be designated with the code HC. 4.1.1.2 The primary consideration for using heat conservation insulation shall be economics. 4.1.1.3 Design of heat conservation insulation shall be based on local average ambient climatic conditions and project economics. 4.1.1.4 Heat conservation insulation shall be used if normal operating temperature exceeds 140° F (60° C), unless loss of heat is desirable. PS - Process Stability Insulation 4.1.2.1 Process stability insulation shall be designated with the code PS. 4.1.2.2 The primary consideration for using process stability insulation shall be control of process temperatures, including impact due to sudden changes in ambient conditions. 4.1.2.3 Design of process stability insulation shall be based on anticipated extremes in ambient conditions. PP - Personnel Protection Insulation 4.1.3.1 Personnel protection insulation shall be designated with the code PP. 4.1.3.2 The primary consideration for using personnel protection insulation shall be to limit the temperature of exposed surfaces. 4.1.3.3 Design of personnel protection insulation shall be based on summer dry bulb temperature and low wind velocity to reflect a worst case condition. 4.1.3.4 Personnel protection insulation shall be used if normal temperature of a surface exceeds 140° F (60° C) and if the surface is in an area Page 3 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 that is accessible to personnel. Accessible area is defined as an area in which personnel regularly perform duties other than maintenance during plant operation. 4.1.4 4.2 Personnel protection shall be provided to 7 feet (2.13 m) above grade or platforms and 3 feet (0.91 m) horizontally from the periphery of platforms, walkways, or ladders. 4.1.3.6 Personnel protection shall consist of insulation, shields, guards or barriers. 4.1.3.7 If corrosion under the insulation is a concern, or if heat loss is desirable, use of fabricated shields/guards in lieu of insulation should be considered. PF - Prevention From Freezing Insulation 4.1.4.1 Freeze prevention insulation shall be designated with the code PF. 4.1.4.2 The primary consideration for the use of this category is protection from freezing. 4.1.4.3 Design of prevention from freezing insulation shall be based on local climatic conditions. 4.1.4.4 Prevention from freezing insulation may be combined with other types of insulation. Cold Insulation Types 4.2.1 4.2.2 Page 4 of 33 4.1.3.5 CC - Cold Service Insulation 4.2.1.1 Cold service insulation shall be designated with the code CC. 4.2.1.2 The primary consideration for using cold service insulation shall be based on maximum allowable heat gain. 4.2.1.3 The design of cold service insulation shall be based on control of heat gain and limiting surface condensation when the operating temperature is below ambient. 4.2.1.4 Cold service insulation shall be sealed against atmospheric moisture intrusion and subsequent wetting/icing of the insulation. Sealing normally involves special consideration for design of equipment and insulation support details. CP - Condensation Control Insulation 4.2.2.1 Condensation control insulation shall be designated with the code CP. 4.2.2.2 The only consideration for use of condensation control insulation shall be control of external surface condensation. 4.2.2.3 Design of condensation control insulation shall be based on the normal operating temperature and local climatic conditions. In some Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 humid climates it is impractical to prevent condensation 100% of the time. 4.2.2.4 4.3 Use of surface finishes to control surface emissivity may be considered to reduce insulation thickness. Insulation Types For Traced and Energy Transfer Jacketed Systems 4.3.1 4.3.2 General Considerations 4.3.1.1 The primary consideration for using tracing or heat transfer jacketing and associated insulation shall be control of process temperatures. 4.3.1.2 Design of insulation shall be based on the operating temperature, heat transfer jacketing temperature, or the tracer temperature. The same insulation thickness as that for heat conservation (HC) or cold service (CC), as appropriate, shall be used unless design optimization dictates a different thickness. 4.3.1.3 Optimization of the tracer or heat transfer jacketing design and insulation thickness shall be required when specified. 4.3.1.4 Oversize insulation shall be considered to accommodate tracer(s) or heat transfer jacketing. 4.3.1.5 Grooving of insulation to accommodate tracing will not be allowed unless specified by the Purchaser. ET - Electric Traced Electric tracing and associated insulation shall be designated with the code ET. 4.3.3 ST - Steam Traced Steam tracing and associated insulation shall be designated with the code ST. 4.3.4 SJ - Steam Jacketed Steam jacketing and associated insulation shall be designated with the code SJ. 4.3.5 HT - Hot Fluid Traced Hot fluid tracing (except steam) and associated insulation shall be designated with the code HT. 4.3.6 HJ - Hot Fluid Jacketed Hot fluid jacketing and associated insulation shall be designated with the code HJ. 4.3.7 CT - Chilled Fluid Traced Chilled fluid tracing and associated insulation shall be designated with the code CT. Process Industry Practices Page 5 of 33 PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes 4.3.8 COMPLETE REVISION April 1999 CJ - Chilled Fluid Jacketed Chilled fluid jacketing and associated insulation shall be designated with the code CJ. 4.4 4.5 5. AC - Acoustic Control Insulation 4.4.1 Acoustic control insulation shall be designated with the code AC. 4.4.2 The primary consideration for use of acoustic control insulation shall be control of noise. 4.4.3 Normally, acoustic control insulation shall have a dedicated design for each application. 4.4.4 Special consideration of insulation materials and jacketing is normally required. 4.4.5 Acoustic control insulation may be combined with other types of insulation. FP - Fire Protection Insulation 4.5.1 Fire protection insulation shall be designated with the code FP. 4.5.2 The primary consideration for use of fire protection insulation shall be control of the rate of heat gain in a fire. 4.5.3 Design of fire protection insulation shall be based on maximum allowable heat gain, fire case characteristics, allowable time duration, and process characteristics. Refer to API RP521 for materials selection and design criteria. 4.5.4 Fire protection insulation may be combined with other types of insulation. Ranking of Insulation Materials 5.1 Page 6 of 33 Insulation Materials 5.1.1 Insulation materials have been ranked relative to each other in the tables in Sections 5.2 and 5.3. Rankings are based on PIP member company consensus, with 1 being the best. 5.1.2 While the categories in which the materials are ranked are design criteria that may be important to a project, all possible design criteria cannot be included. This information is supplied to assist the designer in selecting the most appropriate material type for a project’s application. This Practice does not attempt to weigh the various design criteria because criteria vary from project to project. Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 5.2 Ranking of Hot Insulation Material Design Criteria (1 = Best) Insulation Material Temp. Range Fire Protection Mechanical Abuse Absorption Installed Cost Tracing Vibration Calcium Silicate Ambient to 1200° F (649° C) 1 1 6 4 5 4 Cellular Glass Ambient to 800° F (427° C) 3 3 1 6 6 6 Perlite Ambient to 1200° F (649° C) 2 2 2 5 2 5 Mineral Wool Ambient to 1200° F (649° C) 4 5 4 3 3 1 Glass Fiber Ambient to 850° F (454° C) 5 6 5 2 4 2 Polyisocyanurate Ambient to 225° F (107° C) NR 4 3 1 1* 3 NR = Not Recommended 5.3 * = Note Temperature Limit Ranking of Cold Insulation Material Design Criteria (1 = Best) Insulation Material Cellular Glass Polyisocyanurate Temp. Range Ambient to -290° F (-178° C) Ambient to -40° F (-40° C) NR = Not Recommended Process Industry Practices Fire Mechanical Installed Absorption Protection Abuse Cost Tracing Vibration Permeability 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 NR 2 2 1 1* 1 2 * = Note Temperature Limit Page 7 of 33 PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes 6. COMPLETE REVISION April 1999 Thickness Tables 6.1 6.2 Page 8 of 33 Hot Insulation Thickness Tables 6.1.1 Table A design parameters were used to compute the economic and personnel protection thicknesses shown in the Hot Insulation Thickness Tables. 6.1.2 Table A and the thickness tables are based on Gulf Coast (USA) conditions. Users shall determine if these economic and climatic conditions are applicable to their specific location. 6.1.3 For Hot Insulation Thickness Tables, see Tables INEG1001 through INEG1017. 6.1.4 Thicknesses alone should not be used to select the insulation material type. Cold Insulation Thickness Tables 6.2.1 Table B design parameters were used to compute the thicknesses shown in the Cold Insulation Thickness Tables. Heat gain and condensation control were considered. 6.2.2 Table B and the thickness tables are based on Gulf Coast (USA) conditions. Users shall determine if these heat gain and climatic conditions are applicable to their specific location. 6.2.3 For Cold Insulation Thickness Tables, see Tables INEG1051 through INEG1056. 6.2.4 Thicknesses alone should not be used to select the insulation material type. Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 Table A Hot Insulation Thickness – 1998 Design Parameters Interest Rate Effective Income Tax Annual Insulation Maintenance Annual Physical Plant Maintenance Annual Fuel Inflation Rate 12% 30% 2% 1% 4% Physical Plant Annual Operating Hours 8320 hr/year Physical Plant Depreciation Period New Insulation Depreciation Period 10 years 4 years First Year Cost of Energy Incremental Equipment Investment Rate 3.00 $/MMBtu 3.50 $/MMBtu/hr Average Annual Ambient Temperature 69° F (21° C) Average Annual Wind Speed 5 mph Personnel Protection Design Wind Speed 2 mph Personnel Protection Design Summer Dry Bulb Temperature Personnel Protection Maximum Surface Temperature 95° F (35° C) 140° F (60° C) Emittance of Existing Surface Emittance of Jacketing 0.8 0.4 Design Factor for Thermal Conductivity 1.0 Design Factor for Piping Complexity Minimum Insulation Design Thickness 1.2 simple 1.5 in. (3.81 cm) Labor Rate Productivity Factor 38.35 $/hr 100.00 Horizontal Pipe and Vertical Equipment Insulation Cost Estimated by Federal Energy Administration (FEA) Method Materials and Accessories Calcium Silicate Cellular Glass Mineral Wool Fiber Expanded Perlite Polyisocyanurate Fiber Glass ASTM C533 Type 1 C552 C547 Type II C610 C591 C547 Type I 2 x 2 Pipe Insulation $/linear foot 3.81 5.62 3.11 4.06 3.50 2.35 2" Block Insulation $/sq. foot 3.04 4.49 2.49 3.24 2.80 1.90 Maximum Service Temp., ° F 1200 800 1200 1200 225 850 Reference: ASTM C680, Available from ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa. 3E PLUS Insulation Thickness Computer Program ver. 2.0, Copyright North America Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA). Notes: 1. Thickness tables calculated using 3E PLUS Insulation Thickness Computer Program. Data edited to indicate 1-1/2 in. minimum thickness and to resolve thickness discontinuities. 2. Compared to plain aluminum jacketing, the higher emissivity of coated aluminum jacketing will reduce the surface temperatures on hot insulation systems. Process Industry Practices Page 9 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 Table B Cold Insulation Thickness – 1998 Design Parameters Design Ambient Temperature Design Dew Point Temperature Design Maximum Heat Gain – Insulation Surface Design Relative Humidity Design Wind Speed 85o F (29o C) 78o F (26o C) 10 Btu/hr-ft2 80% 5 mph Emittance of Existing Surface Emittance of Jacketing - Cold Service (CC) Emittance of Jacketing - Condensation Control (CP) 0.8 0.4 0.4 Design Factor for Thermal Conductivity 1.0 Minimum Insulation Design Thickness 1.5 inches Horizontal Pipe and Vertical Equipment Materials and Accessories Cellular Glass Polyisocyanurate ASTM Minimum Service Temp., ° F C552 C591 -450 -40 Reference: ASTM C680, Available from ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa. 3E Plus Insulation Thickness Computer Program ver. 2.11, Copyright North America Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA) Notes: 1. Thickness tables calculated using 3E PLUS Insulation Thickness Computer Program. Data edited to resolve thickness discontinuities. 2. Minimum thickness of polyisocyanurate for temperatures less than 0° F is 2” to force multi-layer. 3. Compared to plain aluminum jacketing, the higher emissivity of coated aluminum jacketing requires less insulation thickness to resist condensation formation. Page 10 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1001 Thickness of Calcium Silicate Insulation for HC ASTM C533 Type I Economic Thickness of Insulation - Inches Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F To 150 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 20 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 24 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 30 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 36 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Process Industry Practices Page 11 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1002 Thickness of Calcium Silicate Insulation for PP ASTM C533 Type I Minimum Insulation Thickness to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 8.0 8.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 8.0 8.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 Page 12 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1003 Thickness of Calcium Silicate Insulation – Combined Table ASTM C533 Type I Economic Thickness Required to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 8.0 8.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 8.0 8.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 20 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 24 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 30 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 36 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 Process Industry Practices Page 13 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1004 Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for HC ASTM C552 Economic Thickness of Insulation - Inches Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F To 150 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 3.0 4.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 40. 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Page 14 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1005 Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for PP ASTM C552 Maximum Insulation Thickness to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 6.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 Process Industry Practices Page 15 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1006 Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation – Combined Table ASTM C552 Economic Thickness Required to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 6.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 Page 16 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1007 Thickness of Fiberglass Insulation for HC ASTM C547 Type I Economic Thickness of Insulation - Inches Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F To 150 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 36 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Process Industry Practices Page 17 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1008 Thickness of Fiberglass Insulation for PP ASTM C547 Type I Minimum Insulation Thickness to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Page 18 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1009 Thickness of Fiberglass Insulation – Combined Table ASTM C547 Type I Economic Thickness Required to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 36 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Flat 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Process Industry Practices Page 19 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1010 Thickness of Mineral Wool Fiber Insulation for HC ASTM C547 Type II or III Economic Thickness of Insulation - Inches Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F To 150 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Page 20 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1011 Thickness of Mineral Wool Fiber Insulation for PP ASTM C547 Type II or III Minimum Insulation Thickness to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.5 4.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.5 6.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.5 7.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 8.0 8.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 8.0 9.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 9.0 9.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.5 10.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8.5 10.0 10.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 10.0 11.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 Process Industry Practices Page 21 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1012 Thickness of Mineral Wool Fiber Insulation – Combined Table ASTM C547 Type II or III Economic Thickness Required to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.5 4.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.5 6.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.5 7.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 8.0 8.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 8.0 9.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 9.0 9.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.5 10.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8.5 10.0 10.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 10.0 11.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 Page 22 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1013 Thickness of Expanded Perlite Insulation for HC ASTM C610 Economic Thickness of Insulation - Inches Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F To 150 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 20 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 24 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 30 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 36 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Process Industry Practices Page 23 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1014 Thickness of Expanded Perlite Insulation for PP ASTM C610 Minimum Insulation Thickness to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.5 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 10.0 10.5 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 10.0 10.5 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.5 11.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 11.0 11.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 11.0 12.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 10.5 11.5 12.0 Page 24 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1015 Thickness of Expanded Perlite Insulation - Combined Table ASTM C610 Economic Thickness Required to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 251 to 300 301 to 350 351 to 400 401 to 450 451 to 500 501 to 550 551 to 600 601 to 650 651 to 700 701 to 750 751 to 800 801 to 850 851 to 900 901 to 950 951 to 1000 1001 to 1050 1051 to 1100 1101 to 1150 1151 to 1200 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.5 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 10.0 10.5 20 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 10.0 10.5 24 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.5 11.0 30 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 11.0 11.5 36 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 11.0 12.0 Flat 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 9.0 9.5 10.5 11.5 12.0 Process Industry Practices Page 25 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1016 Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for HC ASTM C591 Economic Thickness of Insulation - Inches Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F To 150 151 to 200 201 to 250 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 Page 26 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1017 Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for PP ASTM C591 Minimum Insulation Thickness to Limit Maximum Surface Temperature to 140° F Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F >140 151 to 200 201 to 250 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 Process Industry Practices Page 27 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1051 Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for CC ASTM C552 Thickness of Insulation to Limit Heat Gain to 10 Btu/hr-ft2 Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F 50 49 to 25 24 to 0 -1 to -25 -26 to -50 -51 to -75 -76 to -100 -101 to -125 -126 to -150 -151 to -175 -176 to -200 -201 to -225 -226 to -250 -251 to -275 -276 to -290 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 1 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 2 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 3 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 4 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.0 6 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 6.5 8 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 10 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.0 12 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.0 14 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 7.5 16 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 7.5 18 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 7.5 20 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 24 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0 30 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 36 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 7.5 8.0 8.5 48 to Flat 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 Page 28 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1052 Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation for CP ASTM C552 Minimum Insulation Thickness for Horizontal Pipe to Limit Surface Condensation Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F 50 49 to 25 24 to 0 -1 to -25 -26 to -50 -51 to -75 -76 to -100 -101 to -125 -126 to -150 -151 to -175 -176 to -200 -201 to -225 -226 to -250 -251 to -275 -276 to -290 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 2 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 3 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.0 4 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 6 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.0 8 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 7.5 10 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0 12 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 7.5 8.0 8.0 14 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 8.5 16 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 8.5 18 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0 8.5 9.0 20 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.0 24 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.0 30 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.5 36 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.5 48 to Flat 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.5 Process Industry Practices Page 29 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1053 Thickness of Cellular Glass Insulation - Combined Table ASTM C552 Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F 50 49 to 25 24 to 0 -1 to -25 -26 to -50 -51 to -75 -76 to -100 -101 to -125 -126 to -150 -151 to -175 -176 to -200 -201 to -225 -226 to -250 -251 to -275 -276 to -290 ½ 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 ¾ 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 1-1/2 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 2 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 3 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.0 4 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 6 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.0 8 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.5 7.5 10 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0 12 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 7.5 8.0 8.0 14 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 8.5 16 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 8.5 18 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0 8.5 9.0 20 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.0 24 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.0 30 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.5 36 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.5 48 to Flat 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.5 Page 30 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1054 Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for CC ASTM C591 Thickness of Insulation to Limit Heat Gain to 10 Btu/hr-ft2 Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F 50 49 to 25 24 to 0 -1 to -25 -26 to -40 ½ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 ¾ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1-1/2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 4 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 48 to Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 Process Industry Practices Page 31 of 33 COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1055 Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation for CP ASTM C591 Minimum Insulation Thickness for Horizontal Pipe to Limit Surface Condensation Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F 50 49 to 25 24 to 0 -1 to -25 -26 to -40 ½ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ¾ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1-1/2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 48 to Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 Page 32 of 33 Process Industry Practices COMPLETE REVISION PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes April 1999 INEG1056 Thickness of Polyisocyanurate Insulation - Combined Table ASTM C591 Nominal Pipe Size, Inches Operating Temperature, ° F 50 49 to 25 24 to 0 -1 to -25 -26 to -40 ½ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 ¾ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1-1/2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 4 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 10 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 12 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 14 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 16 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 18 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 20 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 24 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 30 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 36 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 48 to Flat 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 Process Industry Practices Page 33 of 33