The physical
Geography in
Africa!
By Aadhyah, Atharv, Hossam and
Tarun.
Climate in
Africa
•
Africa's climate is dominated by desert
conditions along vast stretches of its northern
and southern fringes. The central portion of the
continent is wetter, with tropical rainforests,
grasslands, and semi-arid climates.Sub-Saharan
Africa has four climate zones: desert,semiarid or
Sahel, savanna (grasslands), and
tropicalforests.Precipitation intensity is always
high, and it is a hot Continent. Warm and hot
climates prevail all over Africa,but mostly the
northern part is marked by aridity and high
temperatures. Only the northernmost and the
southernmost fringes of the continent have a
Mediterranean climate.
• BY ATHARV
Water in Africa
• There are seven major African Great Lakes: Lake Albert, Lake Edward, Lake Kivu, Lake Malawi, Lake
Tanganyika, Lake Turkana, and Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria, the largest lake in Africa, is the
southern source of the Nile River, the longest river in the world.
• BY AADHYAH
Relief in Africa
• A plateau covers the largest part of the country (South
Africa) dominating the topography; it is separated from
surrounding areas of generally lower elevation by the
Great Escarpment. The plateau consists almost entirely of
very old rock of the Karoo System, which formed from the
Late Carboniferous Epoch (about 32o to 300 million years
ago) to the Late Triassic Epoch (about 23o to 200 million
years ago). The plateau, generally highest in the east,
drops from elevations of more than 8,000 feet (2,40o
metres) in the basaltic Lesotho region to about 2,000 feet
(600 metres) in the sandy Kalahari in the west. The
central part of the plateau comprises the Highveld, which
reaches between 4,00o and 6,000 feet (1,200 and 1,800
metres) in elevation. South of the Orange River lies the
Great Karoo region.
• BY TARUN
Vegetation in Africa
• General form of vegetation:
forest, woodland, scrub,
grassland, desert.
• Mangrove forests are the
most common vegetation.
Mangroves have exposed
root systems. This allows the
trees to absorb oxygen
directly from the air, as well
as from the nutrient-poor
soil. Most of Africas native
rain forest has been
destroyed by development,
agriculture, and forestry.
• BY HOSSAM