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Spotlight SECTIONS Wire Last Updated: Jun 13, 07:22:00 PM IST FOLLOW US SHARE FONT SIZE SAVE PRINT COMMENT Synopsis The advent of selective beta-blockers has transformed cardiovascular medicine by providing clinicians with a range of tailored treatment options. Read to know more Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), one of the world's leading causes of death, claim as many as 17.9 million lives each year globally. According to a study by the Indian Council of Medical Research and Registrar General of India, India accounts for approximately 60% of the global burden of heart disease. Additionally, the study highlights a high prevalence of hypertension in the country, with as much as 30% of the population aYected. Notably, 62.5% of newly diagnosed hypertensive individuals have high sympathetic overactivity. The study further found that there is a signi]cant lack of awareness, treatment, and control of high blood pressure among young adults with hypertension. Spotlight Wire Amongst the armamentarium of drugs for the management of cardiac disease, the advent of selective beta-blockers has transformed cardiovascular medicine by providing clinicians with a range of tailored treatment options. These medications have revolutionised the management of hypertension, angina, and heart failure by speci]cally targeting beta-1 receptors while minimising adverse eYects on other physiological systems. Spotlight Wire The journey of beta-blocker development began in the mid-20th century when scientists delved into understanding the role of the sympathetic nervous system in cardiovascular function. A signi]cant milestone in beta-blocker development occurred in the 1950s when James W. Black and his colleagues focused on receptor pharmacology, aiming to identify compounds that could alone block the beta-adrenergic receptor subtype. In the early 1960s, Black and his team developed a molecule called propranolol, which later paved the way for more cardio (beta-1 receptors in the heart)-selective and convenient betablockers like bisoprolol. Spotlight Wire Bisoprolol, for instance, has gained the trust of patients worldwide for over 3 decades. It is widely utilised as a reliable and well-established medication in the management of various conditions. Its selectivity for beta-1 receptors made it a favourable choice in patients with concomitant respiratory conditions. The most prominent question that arises in our mind is how beta-blockers work. These medications exert their eYects by blocking the release of stress hormones, such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, in speci]c areas of the body. As a result, they slow down the heart rate and decrease the force with which blood is pumped throughout the body. Additionally, beta blockers can inhibit the production of a hormone called angiotensin II by the kidneys, contributing to the signi]cant lowering of blood pressure. Researchers and cardiologists have found strong evidence that taking a beta blocker after a heart attack decreases the chances of early death by 44%. Beta-blockers are also known to improve long-term outcomes in heart failure, blood pressure control and coronary diseases. Beta-blockers have been extensively used globally, and the cardio-selective ones are known to be well tolerated in most patients, leading to high compliance among patients. ✕ MORE STORIES FOR YOU Ka-Ching: How global drug makers are riding on luck in their pursuit of blockbuster drugs, vaccines FEB 15, 2024 Business and valuation tailwinds to help in outperformance? 5 Indian pharma stocks with upside potential of up to 32% FEB 18, 2024 Netcix March 2024 Departures Line-up: Check out complete list FEB 10, 2024 Therefore, we, at Merck, on this day, pay our tributes to Sir James Whyte Black for the novel discovery of Beta-blockers on his 99th birth anniversary. (14 June 1924 – 22 March 2010). Here is what the doctors have to say: Spotlight Wire Dr Jamshed J Dalal, Mumbai, said, “Beta blockers are important drugs in the management of the whole spectrum of cardiovascular disease. They are used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias. Indians have a higher heart rate than Westerners, and beta blockers help stabilise it. They not only relieve symptoms but often improve survival. They are also used for tremors, migraine and glaucoma. They have been extensively used in India for many decades and helped millions of people. For this, we owe gratitude to Sir James Black, who developed this molecule.” Dr J C Mohan, Delhi, said, “Bisoprolol represents the best-in-class beta blocker with strong evidence and least side eYects. Its ease of use, compliance, and adherence are remarkable.” Dr Arup Dasbiswas, Kolkata, said, “India is the world capital of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is the leading cause of death. Betablockers, particularly highly cardio-selective beta blockers like bisoprolol, are very useful drugs, reducing the eYects of sympathetic hyperactivity. Betablockers are a class of medications that block the eYects of adrenaline and related stress hormones. They are commonly prescribed to treat high blood pressure, fast heart rates, heart rhythm disorders, angina, and heart failure. After a heart attack, they decrease mortality and further events. Bisoprolol has more good eYects and less of side eYects.” Dr Jayagopal P B, Palakkad, said, “One of the biggest breakthroughs in the therapy of angina, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, has been the advent of beta-blockers in the market. Undoubtedly, beta-blocker therapy has been a blessing for patients with angina. Following heart attacks, the eYicacy is well established. This is one of the guideline-directed medical therapy for reducing death and hospital admissions. Bisoprolol, introduced as the betablocker of choice in smokers, is indeed a very eYective agent. Its long duration of action and safety in patients with diabetes, dyslipidemia and kidney disease makes it one of the most desirable agents. This is my preferred betablocker in cardiac patients.” Disclaimer: The views and opinions eDpressed in the story are independent professional judgement of the eDperts and we do not take any responsibility for the accuracy of their views. This should not be considered as a substitute for medical advice. Please consult your treating physician for more details. The above is non-editorial content and ET does not guarantee, vouch or endorse any of the above content, nor is it responsible for them in any manner whatsoever. Please take all steps necessary to ascertain that any information and content provided is correct, updated, and veriIed. (You can now subscribe to our Economic Times JhatsApp channel) VIEW 1 COMMENTS ON THIS STORY READ MORE NEWS ON Betablockers Cardiovasculardiseases Functioningofbetablockers SirJamesWhyteBlack Hypertensionrelief (Catch all the Business News, Breaking News Budget 2024 News, Budget...more 2024 Live Coverage, Events and Latest News U Download The Economic Times News App to get Daily Market Updates & Live Business News. NEXT STORY HCG stake sale: A big acquisition deal likely coming up for HCG as EQT, TPG and KKR eye majority stake By Arijit Barman & Viswanath Pilla, ET Bureau Last Updated: Feb 19, 2024, 12:17:00 PM IST FOLLOW US SHARE FONT SIZE SAVE PRINT COMMENT Synopsis A rising middle-class and an aging population have boosted demand for private medical services across Asia, which in turn, is seeing massive consolidation and heightened deal activity in the healthcare sector. Agencies Representative Image Mumbai: Global buyout funds EQT (formerly Baring PE Asia-EQT), TPG Capital and KKR are among those evaluating the acquisition of a controlling stake held by CVC Capital in Bengaluru-based specialty cancer hospital chain Healthcare Global Enterprises (HCG), sources told ET. A rising middle-class and an aging population have boosted demand for private medical services across Asia, which in turn, is seeing massive consolidation and heightened deal activity in the healthcare sector. Luxembourg-based CVC manages 188 billion of assets and is also owner of the Gujarat Titans’ IPL franchise, international rugby union, Women’s Tennis Association and top football properties such as Spain's La Liga or consumer brands like Lipton Teas, Peruvian cash management company Hermes, among others. It owns around 60.41% stake in HCG. BS Ajai Kumar, an oncologist-turned-entrepreneur and founder of HCG, and his family members own about 11% stake in the company. The US PE fund bought a controlling stake in HCG in June 2020 for about Rs 1,049 crore by buying new shares and convertible warrants. It acquired more shares later through a mandatory open oYer. ✕ MORE STORIES FOR YOU Fundamental Radar: Three factors to drive 15% sales CAGR for Apollo Hospitals, says Sneha Poddar FEB 20, 2024 Stressed return ratios a drag on Rashi Peripherals FEB 05, 2024 Dr BS Ajaikumar on CVC selling Healthcare Global controlling stake, future plans and more FEB 19, 2024 As on February 18, CVC stake in HCG would be worth around Rs 3,236 crore. The deal would involve an open oYer for an additional 26% of the company. The current market value of the hospital chain is Rs 5,357.38 crore. A recent report by brokerage ]rm JeYeries also highlighted that CVC’s investment in the cancer hospital chain has increased 2.7 times in less than three years. In the past one month, the HCG stock is up 10% as the sale gathers momentum. CVC Capital is working with two Wall Street advisors for the sale that has been launched in recent weeks. The oYicial sale process was launched recently. Ajai Kumar told ET that he is not looking to sell his stake and exit. “There is no intention to exit. I have founded and built HCG, and am committed to the cause of serving cancer patients,” said Ajai Kumar, executive chairman of HCG. EQT declined to comment. CVC, TPG and KKR were not available for comment. Both these funds are involved in the biggest hospital deals involving private equity (PE) investors in India. While KKR had one of its big pay days exiting Max Healthcare in what was the largest block deal in the Indian stock market history, TPG has backed several hospital chains but its largest bet has been Manipal. Last year, TPG, an investor in Manipal since 2015, chose to fully exit Ranjan Pai’s hospital chain by selling its stake to Temasek, but it also decided to reinvest in Manipal via a new fund, albeit with a smaller holding. Even EQT that has traditionally been overweight on tech and BPO deals has been doubling down on healthcare. In 2022, EQT bought Hyderabadheadquartered super specialty hospital AIG (Asian Institute of Gastroenterology), pipping TPG. Last September, it acquired 60-65% of Indira IVF for $650-700 million, the largest provider of fertility services in India and also among the top ]ve globally in terms of annual in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles, for a billion-dollar valuation, in a headline-grabbing deal. HCG has 1,926 operational beds, of which nearly three-fourths belong to matured hospitals and the rest from the new ones. The company is spending Rs 132 crore on capex on two hospitals — Ahmedabad (Rs 106 crore) and White]eld, Bengaluru (Rs 25 crore). Founded in 2005, HCG now operates 22 cancer hospitals and three multispecialty hospitals across India. The network also includes one cancer care centre in Kenya. The debt-fuelled expansion and Covid-19 pandemic that disrupted cancer care services have massively dented the company's ]nancial performance, particularly in FY21. Cancer care infrastructure, especially facilities to oYer radiation therapy, are expensive. The timely equity infusion by CVC and the appointment of Raj Gore as CEO in February 2021, who prioritised operational eYiciency, cost optimisation and rationalisation of bed capacities, have helped HCG to get back in the pink of health. Operating ProIt, Revenue HCG revenues grew 13% year-on-year (YoY) in the nine months ended December 31 to Rs 1,417.5 crore. It has an earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (ebitda) margin of 17.3% in the same period. The company said it is striving to achieve 20% ebitda margin and revenue growth above the market growth rate of 10-11%. The net debt stood at Rs 367 crore as on December 2023. The consolidated revenue grew by 21% during FY23 on the back of increased admissions and procedures performed. The momentum was sustained in H1FY24, with the company reporting growth of 14.5% on Yo-Y basis. While in absolute terms, the pro]t before depreciation, interest and tax (PBDIT) of the company grew but PBDIT margins improved marginally from 17.06% in FY22 to 17.60% in FY23 as increasing share of low-margin medical oncology and continuing losses in some of the new centres like south Mumbai and Kolkata limited margin gains. Nevertheless, these new centres have been witnessing increasing footfalls and are likely to turnaround in the near term. HCGEL is ]rmly placed to tap the increasing demand for cancer treatment, which would continue to drive the revenue growth, said CARE Ratings in a recent credit note. HCG has also been looking to acquire cancer hospitals. In FY24 alone, HCG announced acquisitions of 120-bed Nagpur Cancer Hospital and Research Institute and 100-bed SRJ CBCC Cancer Hospital in Indore, giving the hospital chain a ]rm footing in central India and south India. Analysts believe its dominant presence in cancer care treatment is driven by strong brand equity and superior quality of service along with partnership with other established medical professionals. The company also operates seven IVF fertility centres under the brand ‘Milann’ through its wholly owned subsidiary, BACC Healthcare Private Limited (BACC). EQT may subsequently explore merging it with Indira if it emerges as the successful bidder. 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