11-01-2024
11-JANUARY-2024
The Hindu News Analysis – 11th January 2024 – Shankar IAS Academy
Page Number*
S.
No.
News Articles
1
How a super-energetic particle from outer space could help
physics
2
State may get four new biodiversity heritage sites
10
-
-
-
-
3
Change for the worse
12
10
8
6
6
4
T.N. not keen on seeking Krishna water from A.P. as reservoirs
in Chennai have enough storage
3
-
-
-
-
5
ILO warns of rise in unemployment, decline in real wages
18
16
16
12
12
6
Prelims Practice Questions
C
B
D
H
T
Sc
Sc
Sc
Sc
Sc
Pg II Pg II Pg II Pg II Pg II
@ end of the video
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram
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11-01-2024
Science
Pg: II – C, B, D, H, T
2
11-01-2024
Cosmic rays:
• Invisible
streams
of
energetic
clusters
of
particles coming from outer space and the sun.
• Include protons and alpha particles.
• Discovered in 1912 by Victor Franz Hess.
• Two types –
 Galactic
Cosmic
Rays
(GCR)
from beyond our solar system.
 Solar
Cosmic
Rays
emitted by the sun.
• Only
low-intensity
earth’s surface.
-
-
originating
high-energy
cosmic
rays
particles
reach
the
• Lose most of energy in the atmosphere itself.
• Amaterasu cosmic ray - energy of 240 billion
eV. This is extremely high.
• Ultra-high-energy
cosmic
rays
(UHECRs)
-
subatomic particles from extragalactic sources
with energies greater than 1 EeV.
3
11-01-2024
Pg: 10 – Chennai
Edition
4
11-01-2024
Biodiversity Heritage Site
• Heritage
areas
fragile ecosystems.
 Terrestrial,
with
unique,
coastal,
inland
marine ecosystem.
• BHS
-
Under
Section
37
Diversity Act, 2002 (BDA).
of
ecologically
waters
the
&
Biological
 State Government in consultation with local
bodies can notify BHS.
• Nallur
Tamarind
Grove
in
Bengaluru,
Karnataka - first Biodiversity Heritage Site
of India, declared in 2007.
• Currently - 44 sites in India.
Process of declaring a site as BHS:
Characteristics of a BHS:
• State
 Suggestions
• High endemism,
• Presence of rare and threatened species,
• Keystone species,
species,
of
wild
ancestors
of
domestic
• Areas with significant cultural, ethical or
aesthetic values etc.
Boards
(SBB)
-
invite
communities
-
Gram
suggestion for declaration of BHSs.
• Species richness,
• Presence
Biodiversity
sabha,
from
urban
wards,
forest
committees, tribal councils etc.
protection
 Nodal agency - Biodiversity Management
Committees.
 State
Biodiversity
Boards
preliminary notification.
issue
a
 This is to specify the boundaries of the
BHS.
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11-01-2024
 After 30 days of the draft notification
of the BHS - Public hearing.
• No restriction on the prevailing practices &
usages of the local communities in the area.
Arittapatti Biodiversity Heritage Site:
has
rich
• Presence
of
around
and
250
are
Laggar
Falcon,
Shaheen Falcon, Bonelli’s Eagle.
• It
is
surrounded
by
a
chain
hillocks that serve as a watershed.
of
seven
• It has 72 lakes, 200 natural springs and 3
• Anaikondan
biological
significance.
species
check dams in it.
• 1st BHS of Tamil Nadu.
• It
 Three
historical
bird
including 3 flagship Raptor species.
species
Pandiyan
kings
among them.
 Several
temples,
Lake
in
(built
16th
megalithic
Tamil
Jain beds in it.
during
century)
structures,
Brahmi
the
is
by
one
rock-cut
inscriptions
and
Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following pairs :
Bio-Diversity Heritage Sites
State
1. Nallur Tamarind Grove - Andhra Pradesh
2. Baramura Waterfall
3. Amarkantak
4. Arittapatti
- Odisha
- Madhya Pradesh
- Tamil Nadu
How many pairs given above are not
correctly matched
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
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11-01-2024
Pg: 12 – C;
Pg: 10 – B;
Pg: 8 – D;
Pg: 6 – H, T
Practice Question – Mains
GS – II
Q. The historical and geographical ties
between India and the Maldives are
significant, but the expanding presence of
China in the Indo-Pacific region has become
a source of concern. Assess the strategic
significance of the Maldives for India and
explore how China's influence is affecting
the relationship between India and the
Maldives..
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks)
 Current events of national and international
importance.
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-III
General Studies‐II: Governance, Constitution,
Polity, Social Justice and International relations.
•
India and its neighborhood- relations.
(150 words, 10 marks)
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11-01-2024
Introduction:
• Maldives relies in India for essential commodities.
• Ties
expanded
to
partnerships, and
Agreement.
a
infrastructure
bilateral
USD
projects,
trade
Currency Swap
• Ex - Hanimaadhoo International Airport Development
project
(GMCP).
and
Greater
Male
Connectivity
Project
• Defense cooperation - joint exercises, training for
the Maldivian National Defense Force, and Operation
Cactus in 1988.
• Vaccine Maitri initiative and Operation Sanjeevani.
Body:
Strategic importance of Maldives for India:
• Military importance.
 Maldives is crucial for India's maritime
security.
 Maldives acts a buffer.
 Maldives acts as a first line of defense
against various security threats, including
terrorism, piracy, and drug trafficking.
• Economic importance.
 India has undertaken various infrastructure
projects
Greater
in
the
Male
Maldives,
Connectivity
enhance its influence.
 Maldives
commercial
is
located
sea-lanes
Indian Ocean
at
running
such
as
the
the
hub
of
Project
through
to
the
• Geopolitical importance.
 Maldives play an important role in India's
strategic outreach in the Indian Ocean.
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11-01-2024
Increasing Chinese influence:
• 2011, China opened its embassy in Maldives.
• Maldives part of China’s BRI and String of pearls
initiative.
• 2017 – India China Free Trade Agreement.
India-Maldives:
• President Mohamed Muizzu took anti India stand.
• Mohamed Muizzu visited Turkey as his first bilateral
visit.
• Indian troops to be withdrawn.
• Maldivian President visited China during the recent
spat.
Conclusion:
• Maldives
cannot
• India
should
India.
afford
to
provoke
recognize
the
impracticality of exerting pressure on
a significantly smaller neighbor.
• India
should
Neighborhood
first
also
policy
use
its
to
reduce
Chinese influence in Maldives
• Both
countries
diplomatic
solutions
should
and
prioritize
cooperation
over confrontational approached.
Pg: 3 – Chennai
Edition
9
11-01-2024
River Krishna:
• Krishna river rises in the Western Ghats.
• Altitude of
Maharashtra.
• It
flows
1337
across
m near Mahabaleshwar in
the
whole
width
of
the
peninsula, from west to east, for a length of
about 1400 km.
•
It forms a fertile delta in Andhra Pradesh
before draining into the Bay of Bengal.
Drainage and tributaries of R. Krishna:
• It extends over the states of Maharashtra,
• Right
• Total catchment area is more than 2.58 lakh
• Left
Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
sqkm.
• Basin is roughly triangular in shape.
• Bounded by Balaghat range on the north, by
the Eastern Ghats on the south and the east
and by the Western Ghats on the west.
bank
tributaries
Malaprabha and Tungabadra.
bank
Munneru.
tributaries
-
-
Ghataprabha,
Bhima,
Musi
and
 Tungabhadra River is the largest tributary
of the Krishna River,
 Bhima river is the longest tributary.
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11-01-2024
Important dams in Krishna river:
• The
most
Sagar Dam.
important
is
the
Practice Question – Prelims
Nagarjuna
1. Krishna is a mighty east flowing river of
 World ’s largest masonry dam located in
Andhra Pradesh-Telangana border.
river Krishna.
 Srisailam dam in Andhra Pradesh,
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
 Tungabhadra dam in Karnataka.
• Koyna river – Koyna dam is located is also
a tributary of Krishna in Maharshtra.
dam-induced
hundreds of people.
earthquake
peninsular India that rises from the
Western Ghats in Karnataka.
2. Musi River is one of the tributaries of
 Almatti dam in Karnataka,
 1967
Q. Consider the following statements:
-
killed
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Pg: 18 – C;
Pg: 16 – B, D;
Pg: 12 – H, T
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11-01-2024
Establishment:
• 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles
• 1946 - affiliated specialized agency of the
United Nations
• Hq - Geneva, Switzerland
• 187 member states
• Aim –
 To promote social justice and fair labor
practices
 To set labor standards, develop policies,
and
implement
programs
aimed
at
standards
and
fostering decent work for all individuals
Organisational structure:
• International Labour Conference
 Sets
international
labor
formulates broad policies
 International Parliament of Labour
 Meets annually
• Governing Body
 Executive council
• International Labour Office
 Permanent secretariat of the ILO
 Prepares reports under the scrutiny of
the Governing Body and the leadership of
the Director-General
 Meets thrice a year
 Makes policy decisions, establishes programs
and budgets
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11-01-2024
Functions:
Practice Question – Prelims
• Creation of coordinated policies and programs aimed
at solving social and labor problems.
• Ensuring
the
adoption
of
international
labor
standards through conventions and recommendations
and monitoring their implementation.
• Assisting
member
in
resolving
1. ILO
promotes
internationally
recognized human and labor rights.
2. India is a founding member of the ILO.
and
3. India has ratified all the eightcore/fundamental ILO conventions.
• Ensuring the protection of human rights, including
How many statements given here is/are
correct?
labor problems.
states
Q. Consider the following statements with
reference
to
International
Labor
Organization:
social
the right to work, freedom of association, collective
bargaining,
protection
against
protection against discrimination.
forced
labor,
and
• Conducting research and publishing works on social
and labor issues
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
13
11-01-2024
Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements:
1. Krishna is a mighty east flowing river of
peninsular India that rises from the
Western Ghats in Karnataka.
2. Musi River is one of the tributaries of
river Krishna.
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following pairs :
Bio-Diversity Heritage Sites
State
1. Nallur Tamarind Grove - Andhra Pradesh
2. Baramura Waterfall
3. Amarkantak
4. Arittapatti
- Odisha
- Madhya Pradesh
- Tamil Nadu
How many pairs given above are not
correctly matched
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
14
11-01-2024
Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements with
reference to International Labor Organization:
1. ILO promotes internationally recognized
human and labor rights.
2. India is a founding member of the ILO.
3. India has ratified all the eightcore/fundamental ILO conventions.
How many statements given here is/are
correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
15
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