Maps in your pocket
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
1
How do I get there?
Where am I?
Where is that place?
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Where is that place?
Where am I?
1.65” x 2.93”
How do I get there?
Maps on your device
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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1.65” x 2.93”
Maps on your device
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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1.65” x 2.93”
Google Maps, Esri Explorer and Collector
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Google Maps
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Where is it?
What is it?
Why is it there?
Why do we care?
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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What is a map?
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Reality
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Reality
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Simplified version of reality
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Take a closer look at
the maps you see…
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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What is a GIS?
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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geographic information system
(not a proper name, so it’s not capitalized)
GIS
(acronym, so it’s capitalized, with no periods)
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Picture = 1,000 words
Not easy to interpret
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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21
Roger Tomlinson


“Data for Decision”
National Film Board, 1968
https://www.nfb.ca/film/data_for_decision/

Canada Land Inventory
Canadian Geographic
Information System
“Father of GIS”
Canada is big!
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Canada Land Inventory
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Reading: Introduction to GIS
visualizing
analyzing
spatially
referenced
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Defining GIS
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Geographic information system
A computer system for:
capturing
storing
filtering
analyzing
visualizing
What a GIS can do
geospatial data
(Chang, 2014)
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Components of a GIS





Hardware
What a GIS is made of
Software
Geospatial data
Procedures (data management and analysis)
People.
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
29
Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
30
Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
31
ArcGIS Desktop
A collection of programs:
ArcMap: Creating and analyzing maps
ArcCatalog: file management
ArcScene: 3D visualization
ArcGIS Pro: Eventual replacement for above
ArcGIS Earth: Earth viewer.
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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A quick tour of the software
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Data View
ArcToolbox
Catalog
Table of
Contents
Table
ArcMap
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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ArcCatalog
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Ribbon
Map
Project
Toolboxes
Table
Contents
ArcGIS Pro
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
37
Header
Menu
Map
Contents
Table
ArcGIS Online
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Explorer app
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Examples of geospatial data
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
41
?
What data can be used to map things?
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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43°42′ N 79°24′ W
Longitude and latitude
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Street address
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Forward Sortation Areas (FSA)
Postal codes
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Local Delivery Units (LDU)
FSA LDU
Postal codes
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Zip codes
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Area codes
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Locations
Attributes
Relationships
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Locations and attributes
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Proximity
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Mapping business data…
Estimated that 80% of all business data have a
spatial component
…no one knows if this is true,
…but you hear it all the time.
Why?
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
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Vegetation
Index
Select
Dense
Vegetation
Golf courses
Buffer
Close to Golf
Courses
Procedures and people
Intersection
Libraries
Buffer
Close to
Libraries
High schools
Buffer
Close to
Schools
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Preferred
Areas
53
Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
54
Vegetation
Index
Select
Dense
Vegetation
Golf courses
Buffer
Close to Golf
Courses
Housing
suitability?
Intersection
Libraries
Buffer
Close to
Libraries
High schools
Buffer
Close to
Schools
Preferred
Areas
Procedure for analyzing data to create information
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
55
Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
56
Desktop GIS
The cloud
Web GIS
x1000’s
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
© Donald Boyes, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto
Browser
Apps
57