Distillery
towers
LEWIS METHOD
Distillation tower is an important part in chemical
engineering processes, and is used to separate different
components in a mixture of materials. The LewisMatheson method is one of the methods used to calculate
the number of trays in multi-component distillation
towers. This method relies on roughly estimating the
composition of the distillate. It is believed that
compounds with greater volatility will appear in the
distillate, while heavier compounds will appear in the
bottom product
- LEWIS-MATHESON
Industrial distillation is typically performed in large vertical
cylindrical columns known as "distillation or fractionation towers" or
"distillation columns" with diameters ranging from about 0.65 to 6 m
(2 to 20 ft) and heights ranging from about 6 to 60 m (20 ft). ) to 197
feet) or more. Distillation towers have liquid outlets at intervals at
the top of the column allowing different fractions or products that
have different boiling points or boiling ranges to be drawn. By
increasing the product temperature inside the columns, the different
products are separated. The "lighter" products (those with the lowest
boiling point) exit from the top of the columns and the "heavier"
products (those with the highest boiling point) exit from the bottom
of the column
- LEWIS-MATHESON
The design and operation of a
distillation column depends on
the feed and products required.
Given a simple two-component
feed, analytical methods such
as the method for a multicomponent feed can be used.
Simulation models are used for
the design.
The efficiency of vapor-liquid
contact devices (referred to as
plates or trays) used in
distillation columns is typically
less than the 100% effective
theoretical equilibrium stage.
Thus, a distillation column
needs more plates than the
number of theoretical vaporliquid equilibrium stages.
- Lewis-Matheson
In the oil refining industry, the design and operation of crushing towers is still largely achieved on an
experimental basis. The calculations involved in the design of oil fractionation columns in usual practice
require the use of charts, computed tables and complex empirical equations. However, in recent years, a
great deal of work has been done to develop efficient and reliable computer-aided design procedures for
.
fractional distillation
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DIAGRAM OF TYPICAL BUBBLE CAP TRAYS IN A
DISTILLATION TOWER
- Lewis-Matheson
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL DISTILLATION TOWER
Calculate the number of
"theoretical paintings"
Liquids tend to wet the surface of the package and vapors pass through this wetted surface, where mass
- Lewis-Matheson
transfer occurs. Unlike traditional tray distillation in which each tray represents a separate point of vaporliquid equilibrium, the vapor-liquid equilibrium curve in a packed column is continuous. However, when
modeling packed columns, it is useful to calculate a number of “theoretical panels” to indicate the
separation efficiency of the packed column. Differently shaped packings have different surface areas and
void space between packings. Each of these factors affects packing performance.
Lewis-Matheson
Conclusion
- Lewis-Matheson
• It is suggested that we consider only components with greater
volatility in the distillate, while heavier compounds appear in the
lower product.
• This approach is considered an approximation for determining
the composition of the distillate.
• This method can be used to count the number of trays in
distillation towers
Lewis-Matheson
- Lewis-Matheson
Thank you all