Republic of the Philippines
Cagayan State University
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Cagayan
COLLEGE OF ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
Department of Respiratory Therapy
 (078) 844-7631; http://www.csu.edu.ph
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FUNDAMENTALS OF RT 2 (RT 59) – LABORATORY
Second Semester, S.Y. 2023-2024
ACTIVITY 1
Infection Prevention and Control
Name: _____________________________________
Year/Sec: _______
A useful, evidence-based strategy called infection prevention and control (IPC) keeps
patients and healthcare professionals safe from preventable infections. At all tiers of the health
system—including policymakers, facility administrators, healthcare providers, and patients—
continuous activity is necessary for effective IPC. Because it applies to all healthcare providers
and patients equally at all times, IPC is exceptional in the areas of patient safety and care
quality. IPC defects can be fatal and inflict injury. It is impossible to provide high-quality
healthcare without an efficient IPC.
Hand hygiene, surgical site infections, injection safety, antibiotic resistance, and hospital
operations both during and outside of emergencies are all impacted by infection prevention and
control.
1. Define health care–associated infections and state how often they occur.
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2. Explain why infection prevention is important in respiratory care.
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3. Identify and describe the three elements that must be present for transmission of infection
within a health care setting.
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4. Identify and explain the three major routes for transmission of human sources of pathogens
in the health care environment.
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5. What are the factors associated with an increased risk for a patient acquiring a hospitalacquired infection?
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6. List the things that anyone with signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection should be
told to do in order to contain respiratory secretions.
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7. Give at least 10 types of routine procedures that should be performed to control the spread
of infection through respiratory care equipment.
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8. There are general guidelines for specific diseases or conditions (pulmonary tuberculosis
(TB), varicella (chickenpox), rubeola (measles), and H1N1 avian influenza (flu), and when
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)) established by the CDC for the three types of
patient isolation categories (Airborne, Droplet, contact). Explain how is the following
guidelines are employed in each type of patient isolation:
I. AIRBORNE
a. Room Placement
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b. Gloves and handwashing
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c. respiratory protection
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d. eye protection
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e. patient transport
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f. patient equipment
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II. DROPLET
a. Room Placement
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b. Gloves and handwashing
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c. respiratory protection
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d. gown
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e. patient transport
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f. patient equipment
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III. CONTACT
a. Room Placement
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b. Gloves and handwashing
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c. respiratory protection
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d. gown
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e. patient transport
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f. patient equipment
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9. Standard (formerly known as Universal) Precautions are intended to care for all patients,
regardless of diagnosis or presumed infection status. To avoid contact with bodily fluids,
barriers such as gloves and masks, as well as other procedures, are used. Explain each of
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) Standard Precaution guidelines.
a. Exclusion from patient contact
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b. Personal protective equipment
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c. Needle and Instrument Precaution
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d. Patient specimens
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e. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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10. Identify the commonly used methods of sterilization in the hospital setting for respiratory
care-related equipment.
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11. Identify and expound each method that are used to determine the effectiveness of the
decontamination process.
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12. What are conditions that influence antimicrobial actions? Explain each
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13. What are the procedures to minimize infection risk with nebulizers?
a. Large – volume nebulizers and mist tents
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b. Small- volume nebulizer
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14. Explain how the HME, HEPA filter, and Humidifier help prevent the spread of pathogens
in ventilators and ventilator circuits.
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a. HME
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b. HEPA Filter
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c. Humidifier
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15. Make a diagram of the chain of infection.
16. What are the factors to consider in processing reusable equipment?
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17. Define, give examples, and identify the process involved in each of the infection risk
categories.
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18. Explain how does infection spread.
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19. What are the recommendations to maintain a healthy-workforce among healthcare workers
in clinical setting?
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20. Give 3 situations when to use personal protective equipment (PPE).
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21. When is PPE not necessary? Give three scenarios.
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22. In selecting personal protective equipment, what do you think are the things that you need
to consider? Why?
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23. Explain how to eliminate risk of infection in each of the following:
a. Ventilator circuits
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b. Ventilator circuit condensate
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c. Nebulizers
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d. O2 therapy equipment
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e. Pulmonary function equipment
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f. manual ventilators
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24. Differentiate high-level disinfection technique and low-level disinfection technique.
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25. What are the ways to cleanse home care equipment?
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26. Describe strategies to control the spread of infection in the hospital.
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27. State when to use personal protective equipment during patient care.
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