Chapter 1: Ageing in Nigeria Unit 1: The Concept of Ageing What does the term "ageing" signify according to Woolf (1979)? A. To become old and show characteristics of increasing age B. The process of becoming younger C. The stagnation of the aging process D. None of the above Answer: A According to Makama (201-1), ageing is defined as: A. A process in which individuals move from youth to death B. A reversible biological process C. A disease D. A myth Answer: A Bowen and Atwood (2004) describe ageing as: A. The accumulation of changes in a person over time B. A decrease in bodily functions C. A social construct D. A mental condition Answer: A Which of the following is NOT considered an attribute of old age according to Togonu-Bickersteth (2001)? A. Greyness of hair B. Possession of a store of knowledge C. Having a large number of social media followers D. Texture of the skin Answer: C Oyeyinka (2012) simplifies ageing as: A. The process of growing old B. A complex biological phenomenon C. A reversible process D. A cultural perspective Answer: A Unit 2: Categorization of Ages According to the categorization used in Wikipedia (2012a), early adulthood ranges from: A. 0-19 years B. 20-39 years C. 40-59 years D. 60+ years Answer: B Which term describes the age range of 40-49 years? A. Vicenarian B. Tricenarian C. Quadragenarian D. Quinquagenarian Answer: C The age range for a Nonagenarian is: A. 80-89 B. 90-99 C. 100-109 D. 110 and older Answer: B Which category does a 75-year-old fall into? A. Sexagenarian B. Septuagenarian C. Octogenarian D. Nonagenarian Answer: B A toddler is categorized as being in the age range of: A. 0-1 year B. 1-2 years C. 3-4 years D. 5-9 years Answer: B Chapter 2: Causes and Effects of Religious Violence in Nigeria Unit 1: Instances of Religious Violence in Nigeria The Maitasine uprisings occurred in parts of: A. South Nigeria B. Northern Nigeria C. Eastern Nigeria D. Western Nigeria Answer: B In 1990, religious violence in Kano was triggered by: A. A political rally B. An economic crisis C. The invitation of Reinhard Bonnke D. A natural disaster Answer: C Which event did NOT directly cause religious violence according to the module? A. The re-introduction of Sharia law B. The publication of a cartoon in Denmark C. The Shagamu riot D. The Olympic Games Answer: D The Jos crisis in 2001 was initiated by: A. A political election B. A woman driving through a Muslim gathering C. A religious procession D. A land dispute Answer: B Which of the following is a direct cause of religious violence as discussed? A. Environmental pollution B. Misinterpretation of religious texts C. Industrialization D. Urbanization Answer: B Unit 2: Causes of Violence in Nigeria Poverty and unemployment can ignite religious crises because: A. They lead to higher education levels B. They cause dissatisfaction among the youth C. They improve living standards D. They reduce crime rates Answer: B Provocative statements and criticisms of religion lead to violence because they: A. Encourage peaceful coexistence B. Promote religious tolerance C. Make unwarranted innuendos on religious figures D. Increase literacy rates Answer: C Tribalism contributes to violence by: A. Promoting unity B. Encouraging diversity C. Triggering sentiment between groups D. Enhancing economic development Answer: C Lapses in the security system allow for: A. Better law enforcement B. Quick response to crises C. Access by unauthorized individuals D. Improved public safety Answer: C Misinterpretation of scriptural verses often leads to: A. Increased religious studies B. Peaceful religious debates C. Justification for violence D. Better understanding among religions Answer: C Chapter 3: Announcing Grief: The Place of Strategic Communication Unit 1: Definition of Grief and Strategic Communication Grief is defined as a multi-faceted response to: A. B. C. D. Happiness Loss Success Achievement Answer: B Strategic Communication in the context of grief primarily aims to: A. Inform the consumer B. Entertain the listener C. Persuade the audience on unrelated matters D. Confuse the decoder Answer: A A key principle of strategic communication in grief is: A. Ignoring the culture of the moment B. Knowing the environment of the communicative event C. Avoiding empathy D. Promoting verbosity over competence Answer: B Which of the following is NOT a communicative tool of grief register? A. Empathetic mien B. Collaborative gestures C. Aggressive posturing D. Verbal expressions supporting grief Answer: C In strategic communication of grief, silence is appreciated for its: A. Lack of contribution to the process B. Ability to confuse the listener C. Role in heightening tension D. Place in the communication process Answer: D Unit 2: Accounting for Grief: The 3 Common Models Kubler-Ross's model of grief includes all of the following stages EXCEPT: A. Denial B. Bargaining C. Anger D. Excitement Answer: D Carl Rogers' model of grief communication emphasizes: A. Being genuine and congruent B. Offering conditional positive regard C. Communicating with indifference D. Avoiding empathy at all costs Answer: A The SPIKES protocol includes all of the following EXCEPT: A. Giving knowledge and information to the patient B. Addressing patient’s emotions with indifference C. Obtaining patient’s invitation D. Providing strategy and summary Answer: B BREAKS model for breaking bad news DOES NOT include: A. Exploring the problem from the start B. Establishing a poor rapport with the patient C. Announcing the news clearly D. Kindling the patient’s emotions with reassurance Answer: B Which model introduced the concept of 'Addressing patient’s emotions with empathy'? A. Kubler-Ross Model B. Carl Rogers Model C. SPIKES Protocol D. BREAKS Model Answer: C Unit 3: Agents and Tools of Grief Register An undesired birth, such as of a baby girl in certain cultures, is an example of: A. A joyful event B. A cause for celebration C. A common agent of grief D. An unrelated event to grief Answer: C Which of the following is NOT a common agent of grief? A. Winning a lottery B. Loss of a loved one C. A terminal diagnosis D. A significant property damage Answer: A In announcing grief, the preamble aims to: A. Immediately disclose the grief B. Set the tone for the impending information C. Offer solutions to the grief D. Disregard the listener’s feelings Answer: B The climax in grief communication is characterized by: A. Vague expressions B. Direct disclosure of the grief information C. Avoiding the main topic D. Offering congratulations Answer: B A closure in grief communication may include all EXCEPT: A. Appeals to religious sentiments B. Philosophical perspectives on life C. Empathy and reassurance D. Assigning blame to the aggrieved Answer: D Chapter 4: Fundamental Human Rights in Nigeria Unit 1: Concept of Human Rights The right to life is guaranteed under which section of the 1999 CFRN? A. Section 33 B. Section 34 C. Section 35 D. Section 36 Answer: A Freedom from discrimination is outlined in the 1999 CFRN under: A. Section 42 B. Section 40 C. Section 37 D. Section 38 Answer: A Which is NOT a fundamental human right in Nigeria according to the 1999 constitution? A. Right to B. Right to C. Right to D. Right to Answer: A Limitations Internet access personal liberty freedom of expression freedom of movement to fundamental human rights do NOT include: A. Level of poverty B. Personal preferences C. National security D. State of emergency Answer: B Human rights defenders in Nigeria include all EXCEPT: A. Gani Fawehinmi B. Fela Anikulapo C. Civil Liberty Organization D. Multinational corporations Answer: D Chapter 4: Fundamental Human Rights in Nigeria (Continued) Unit 2: Limitation of Fundamental Human Rights Which factor can NOT legally limit fundamental human rights in Nigeria? A. National legislation conflicts B. Individual's wealth status C. Environmental considerations D. State of emergency declarations Answer: B During a state of emergency, which right remains non-derogable? A. Right to B. Right to C. Right to D. Right to Answer: B peaceful assembly freedom from torture property freedom of movement The principle of non-discrimination ensures human rights are guaranteed without regard to: A. Political affiliation B. Social status C. All of the above D. None of the above Answer: C An example of a human rights protector organization is: A. International Monetary Fund B. Amnesty International C. Global Fast Food Chains D. International Olympic Committee Answer: B Human rights violations include all EXCEPT: A. Arbitrary arrests and detentions B. Judicial transparency and fairness C. Extrajudicial killings D. Torture and other cruel treatments Answer: B Unit 3: Human Rights Violation in Nigeria Which of the following is NOT considered a human rights violation in Nigeria? A. Censorship of press freedom B. Right to public healthcare C. Use of excessive force by security forces D. Prolonged pretrial detention Answer: B The UN Human Rights Council replaced which body to improve effectiveness? A. UN Security Council B. UN Commission on Human Rights C. International Labour Organization D. International Committee of the Red Cross Answer: B Wars of aggression, war crimes, and crimes against humanity are examples of: A. Peacekeeping missions B. Human rights promotion C. Severe human rights abuses D. International trade agreements Answer: C The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the UN in: A. 1945 B. 1948 C. 1951 D. 1966 Answer: B In Nigeria, the right to education can be limited by: A. Personal choice only B. Environmental factors and national policies C. International treaties D. Social media influence Answer: B Unit 4: International and National Frameworks for Human Rights The International Bill of Human Rights consists of all EXCEPT: A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights B. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights C. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights D. International Agreement on Climate Change Answer: D The principle of accountability in human rights entails: A. The state's obligation to enforce sporting events B. Government transparency in tax legislation C. Effective procedures to hold violators accountable D. Annual celebrations of human rights achievements Answer: C Which is NOT a role of the UN in promoting human rights? A. Implementing global taxation policies B. Monitoring and studying human rights violations C. Encouraging respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms D. Providing forums for negotiation and diplomacy to resolve disputes Answer: A Multinational corporations' impact on human rights is: A. Always positive, enhancing global rights standards B. Negligible, with no real influence on human rights C. Potentially significant, requiring oversight and accountability D. Solely focused on economic benefits without human rights considerations Answer: C The Human Rights Council can convene emergency meetings to: A. Address urgent human rights violations B. Discuss global economic trends C. Plan international sports events D. Award human rights achievements Answer: A Unit 5: Enforcement and Protection of Human Rights A major challenge in enforcing human rights standards globally is: A. Universal agreement on what constitutes good cuisine B. Differences in national legislation and international human rights laws C. The unanimous global language policy D. International time zone synchronization Answer: B The International Criminal Court can prosecute cases of: A. Breach of contract in international trade B. Serious human rights violations referred by the UN Security Council C. Disputes over international waters D. Intellectual property rights infringements Answer: B One way individuals can protect their rights is through: A. Ignoring violations B. Participating in the democratic process and public discourse C. Avoiding international travel D. Limiting online activities Answer: B Sanctions or embargoes imposed by international bodies aim to: A. Enhance tourism B. Promote human rights by pressuring violating states C. Increase global trade D. Encourage cultural exchanges Answer: B Effective human rights protection requires: A. Isolationist national policies B. Global cooperation and adherence to international laws C. Focus solely on economic development D. Prioritization of entertainment and sports Answer: B This concludes the question generation for Chapter 4. 2nd round Unit 1: The Concept of Ageing ccording to the module, which attribute is not used to signify old age? A. Wisdom and knowledge B. Active participation in extreme sports C. Greyness of hair D. Texture of skin Answer: B How does Oyeyinka (2012) define ageing? A. As a B. As a C. As a D. As a Answer: disease reversible process process of growing old process of gaining wealth C Which definition explains ageing as "a process in which individuals move from birth to death"? A. Woolf (1979) B. Makama (201-1) C. Bowen and Atwood (2004) D. Togonu-Bickersteth (2001) Answer: B What attribute is NOT associated with ageing according to the literature provided? A. Wisdom accumulation B. Physical strength increase C. Greyness of hair D. Change in skin texture Answer: B Ageing is considered a normal biological process by which author? A. Oyeyinka (2012) B. Woolf (1979) C. Bowen and Atwood (2004) D. Makama (201-1) Answer: A Unit 2: Categorization of Ages What age range defines 'Late adulthood' according to the categorization? A. 40-59 B. 20-39 C. 60+ D. 0-19 Answer: C Which term correctly identifies individuals aged 90-99? A. Centenarian B. Octogenarian C. Nonagenarian D. Septuagenarian Answer: C Chapter 2: Causes and Effects of Religious Violence in Nigeria Unit 1: Instances of Religious Violence in Nigeria What event is associated with the start of the Maitatsine uprising? A. An election dispute B. The invitation of a foreign preacher C. A land rights conflict D. A political rally Answer: B The crisis in Jos in 2001 was sparked by what kind of misunderstanding? A. Economic inequality B. Political corruption C. Religious procession blocking a road D. Tribal land disputes Answer: C Unit 2: Causes of Violence in Nigeria Which is NOT a cause of religious violence as discussed in the unit? A. Economic disparity B. Educational reforms C. Tribalism D. Provocative media content Answer: B How does unemployment contribute to religious violence according to the module? A. It enhances the community's well-being B. It encourages youths to pursue higher education C. It leads to frustration and susceptibility to radicalization D. It promotes entrepreneurship among the youth Answer: C Chapter 3: Announcing Grief: The Place of Strategic Communication Unit 1: Definition of Grief and Strategic Communication Strategic communication in grief aims to mitigate what aspect of the news delivery? A. The factual accuracy of the information B. The emotional impact on the receiver C. The speed of information dissemination D. The legal implications of the news Answer: B Unit 2: Accounting for Grief: The 3 Common Models Which model emphasizes understanding the patient's perception as a step in communicating bad news? A. Kubler-Ross Model B. Carl Rogers Model C. SPIKES Protocol D. BREAKS Model Answer: C Unit 3: Agents and Tools of Grief Register What scenario exemplifies a direct interpersonal communicative format of grief announcement? A. Broadcasting news on television B. A doctor informing a patient's family of a loss C. Reading about an event in the newspaper D. A general email notification Answer: B Chapter 4: Fundamental Human Rights in Nigeria Unit 1: Concept of Human Rights The right to personal liberty is protected under which section of the 1999 CFRN? A. Section 34 B. Section 35 C. Section 36 D. Section 37 Answer: B Unit 2: Limitation of Fundamental Human Rights Which condition can legally restrict the exercise of fundamental human rights according to the 1999 CFRN? A. Public opinion B. State of emergency C. Economic fluctuations D. Political affiliations Answer: B Unit 3: Human Rights Violation in Nigeria The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted to address what kind of issues primarily? A. Economic policies B. Environmental concerns C. Human rights abuses D. Technological advancements Answer: C Unit 4: International and National Frameworks for Human Rights What role does the UN play in the enforcement of human rights? A. Provides financial support to countries 3rd round Which author describes ageing as the process of moving from birth to death? A. Woolf (1979) B. Makama (201-1) C. Bowen and Atwood (2004) D. Togonu-Bickersteth (2001) Answer: B What attribute is NOT typically associated with old age? A. Wisdom B. Physical agility C. Grey hair D. Knowledge Answer: B Ageing is primarily a(n): A. Social construct B. Biological process C. Economic condition D. Psychological state Answer: B Which is a characteristic of the ageing process? A. Decrease in physical strength B. Increase in learning capacity C. Improvement in short-term memory D. Heightened immune response Answer: A The concept of 'age-friendly' primarily refers to: A. Fashion trends for the elderly B. Societal attitudes towards ageing C. Technology designed for young adults D. Educational programs for children Answer: B Unit 2: Categorization of Ages Who is considered a 'septuagenarian'? A. A person in their 60s B. A person in their 70s C. A person in their 80s D. A person in their 90s Answer: B The term 'juvenility' applies to individuals in which age range? A. 0-12 years B. 13-19 years C. 20-29 years D. 30-39 years Answer: A At what age does 'middle adulthood' commence according to societal norms? A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 60 Answer: B 'Early adulthood' covers individuals aged: A. Below 20 B. 20-39 C. 40-59 D. 60 and above Answer: B A 'centenarian' is someone who has reached the age of: A. 90 B. 100 C. 110 D. 120 Answer: B Chapter 2: Causes and Effects of Religious Violence in Nigeria Unit 1: Instances of Religious Violence in Nigeria The Zango-Kataf uprising was primarily a conflict between: A. Different religious communities B. Political factions C. Ethnic groups D. Economic classes Answer: A Which event marked a significant instance of religious violence in the history of Nigeria? A. The 1966 coup d'état B. The Maitatsine riots C. The Nigerian Civil War D. The 2010 World Cup Qualification Answer: B Religious violence in Kaduna in 2000 was triggered by: A. An economic downturn B. The re-introduction of Sharia law C. A disputed election result D. The publication of a controversial book Answer: B In what way did the international response to a cartoon influence religious violence in Nigeria? A. It led to a nationwide debate on freedom of speech B. It triggered violent protests in Maiduguri C. It resulted in the banning of cartoons D. It caused diplomatic tensions with Denmark Answer: B The religious crisis in Jos in 2001 was sparked by an incident involving: A. A disputed mosque construction B. A woman driving through a Muslim prayer gathering C. The arrest of a religious leader D. The desecration of a holy book Answer: B Unit 2: Causes of Violence in Nigeria Poverty is a significant driver of religious violence because it: A. Encourages wealth redistribution B. Increases dependency on religious institutions C. Leads to frustration and desperation among the youth D. Improves community solidarity Answer: C Provocative statements about religion contribute to violence by: A. Encouraging interfaith dialogue B. Offending religious sentiments and sparking retaliation C. Highlighting the need for censorship D. Promoting religious education Answer: B **Tribalism contributes 4th round Chapter 1: Ageing in Nigeria Unit 1: The Concept of Ageing According to the text, ageing is influenced by which of the following factors? A. Genetic only B. Environmental only C. Both genetic and environmental D. Neither genetic nor environmental Answer: C Which attribute is NOT used to characterize old age? A. Wisdom B. Physical strength C. Grey hair D. Knowledge accumulation Answer: B The process of ageing includes a transition from: A. Child to teenager B. Teenager to adult C. Adult to old age D. Birth to death Answer: D What is the primary focus of studying ageing in Nigeria according to Isaac Olakanmi Abimbola? A. To understand genetic markers B. To raise awareness about ageing issues C. To promote anti-ageing products D. To compare ageing in Nigeria with other countries Answer: B Ageing in Nigeria is characterized by: A. A rapid decrease in the elderly population B. An increasing proportion of the elderly in the population C. A stable elderly population size D. Decrease in life expectancy Answer: B Unit 2: Categorization of Ages In the context of ageing, what does "Early adulthood" signify? A. Ages 0-19 B. Ages 20-39 C. Ages 40-59 D. Ages 60 and above Answer: B Which term is used to describe individuals in the age range of 70-79 years? A. Vicenarian B. Septuagenarian C. Octogenarian D. Nonagenarian Answer: B A 'Centenarian' is someone who is: A. 90-99 years old B. 100-109 years old C. 110 years old or older D. 80-89 years old Answer: B How is 'Middle adulthood' categorized in terms of age? A. 20-39 years B. 40-59 years C. 60-79 years D. 80+ years Answer: B What age group does 'Juvenile' cover according to the categorization used? A. Birth to 1 year B. 1-12 years C. 0-19 years D. 20-29 years Answer: C Chapter 2: Causes and Effects of Religious Violence in Nigeria Unit 1: Instances of Religious Violence in Nigeria The Maitasine riots are an example of religious violence in which part of Nigeria? A. Southern Nigeria B. Eastern Nigeria C. Northern Nigeria D. Western Nigeria Answer: C Which event sparked religious violence in Kano in 1990? A. An economic summit B. A political debate C. The visit of an international Christian preacher D. A natural disaster relief effort Answer: C What was NOT a consequence of religious violence discussed in the module? A. Economic development B. Loss of lives C. Property damage D. Displacement of families Answer: A How did the 2001 Jos crisis begin? A. A dispute over land ownership B. A disagreement in a marketplace C. A traffic incident involving religious worshippers D. A political rally gone wrong Answer: C What is a common trigger for religious violence as mentioned? A. Agricultural disputes B. Misinterpretation of religious messages C. Sports events D. Technological advancements Answer: B Unit 2: Causes of Violence in Nigeria Poverty and unemployment contribute to religious crises by: A. Increasing community engagement B. Reducing crime rates C. Fuelling dissatisfaction and unrest D. Promoting economic growth Answer: C Why do provocative statements lead to violence? A. They encourage peaceful discussions B. They are ignored by the community C. They insult or demean religious beliefs D. They promote unity and understanding Answer: C Tribalism affects violence by: A. Encouraging diversity B. Enhancing communication **Chapter 3: The Fundamental Human Rights** Set 1: 1. What do fundamental human rights refer to? a. Legal rights b. Privileges for the wealthy c. Natural or inalienable rights d. Rights granted by the government Answer: c. Natural or inalienable rights 2. How many fundamental human rights are listed in the Nigerian 1999 constitution? a. 5 b. 8 c. 10 d. 15 Answer: c. 10 3. Which of the following is a fundamental human right in Nigeria? a. Right to drive a car b. Right to a fair hearing c. Right to own a smartphone d. Right to unlimited internet access Answer: b. Right to a fair hearing Set 2: 4. According to a. The right b. The right c. The right d. The right the Nigerian constitution, what is the right to life? to take someone's life to a dignified life to be born not to be arbitrarily deprived of life Answer: d. The right not to be arbitrarily deprived of life 5. Which chapter of the 1999 CFRN outlines the fundamental rights of Nigerians? a. Chapter I b. Chapter II c. Chapter III d. Chapter IV Answer: d. Chapter IV 6. What is the significance of the right to freedom of expression? a. It allows unlimited speech without consequences b. It enables citizens to express their thoughts and opinions c. It restricts communication in public places d. It only applies to journalists Answer: b. It enables citizens to express their thoughts and opinions Set 3: 7. Which fundamental human right guarantees the right to peaceful assembly and association? a. Right to life b. Right to dignity c. Right to freedom of expression d. Right to peaceful assembly and association Answer: d. Right to peaceful assembly and association 8. What is a. They b. They c. They d. They Answer: the primary focus of non-derogable human rights? cannot be limited under any circumstances can be restricted during emergencies relate to social and economic rights only apply to citizens a. They cannot be limited under any circumstances 9. What can limit the extent to which human rights are enjoyed by individuals? a. National holidays b. Type of government c. Internet access d. Right to education Answer: b. Type of government Set 4: 10. Who are human rights defenders? a. People who violate human rights b. Individuals who promote and protect human rights c. Police officers d. Government officials Answer: b. Individuals who promote and protect human rights 11. Name an example of a human rights defender from Nigeria. a. Gani Fawehinmi b. A famous actor c. A professional athlete d. A government minister Answer: a. Gani Fawehinmi 12. What role do organizations like Amnesty International play in human rights protection? a. They violate human rights b. They collect data on human rights abuses c. They support government actions d. They restrict freedom of expression Answer: b. They collect data on human rights abuses **Chapter 4: Limitation of Fundamental Human Rights** Set 5: 13. How are fundamental human rights interrelated? a. They have no connection to each other b. Limiting one right does not affect others c. Limiting one right can impact the enjoyment of others d. They are unrelated to government actions Answer: c. Limiting one right can impact the enjoyment of others 14. Under what circumstances can human rights be limited during times of war or a state of emergency? a. They can never be limited b. Only non-derogable rights can be limited c. They can be limited based on the government's preference d. All rights can be limited during emergencies Answer: b. Only non-derogable rights can be limited 15. What factors can limit the extent to which human rights are enjoyed by individuals? a. National holidays b. Type of government c. Internet access d. Right to education Answer: b. Type of government Set 6: 16. What are non-derogable human rights? a. Rights that can be limited during emergencies b. Rights that apply only to specific groups c. Rights that cannot be limited or restricted, even during emergencies d. Rights that are not recognized by international law Answer: c. Rights that cannot be limited or restricted, even during emergencies 17. How do human rights defenders contribute to the protection of human rights? a. They violate human rights b. They collect data on human rights abuses c. They promote and protect human rights peacefully d. They support government actions Answer: c. They promote and protect human rights peacefully 18. What are human rights violations? a. Actions that protect human rights b. Actions that ignore human rights c. Actions that promote freedom of speech d. Actions that support government policies Answer: b. Actions that ignore human rights **Chapter 5: Human Rights Violation in Nigeria** Set 7: 19. According to the U.S. Department of State, what are some human rights problems in Nigeria? a. Lack of access to education b. Excessive force by security forces c. Equal protection for all citizens d. High government transparency Answer: b. Excessive force by security forces 20. What are some of the human right abuses mentioned in the write-up? a. Respect for the rule of law b. Disobedience of court order c. War crime d. Genocide Answer: c. War crime 21. When is Human Rights Day observed? a. 19th of December b. 10th of December c. 1st of December Answer: b. 10th of December