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Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur 4418
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
ISO 9001:2015
CERTIFIED
Email Address: op@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 871-5531-33 local 101
Detailed Lesson Plan in Grade 8 Science
Content standard
The learners demonstrate understanding of
 the particle nature of matter as basis for explaining properties, physical changes, and
stucture of substances and mixtures.
Performance standard
The learners shall be able to
 present how water behaves in its different states within the water cycle
Learning competencies
The learners should be able to
 Explain physical changes in terms of the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules
I.
LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of 1 hour discussion at least 75% of the students are expected to:
1.
Understand how physical change occur in the particle nature of matter
2.
Identify different types of physical changes on the phase of matter
3.
Differentiate the different physical changes on the phase of matter
4.
Appreciate the real-life application of physical changes on the phase of
matter through the water cycle
II. SUBJECT MATTER:
A. Topic: Particle Nature of Matter
B. References:
Science 10 Teachers Guide pages 125-129
Science 8 Learners Module pages 171-189
https://www.slideshare.net/neenaharidas1/physical-chemicalchange
https://www.slideshare.net/drmarwa31/physical-and-chemicalchanges-of-matter
https://youtu.be/CMUmQRgJAo0
https://youtu.be/ncORPosDrjI
https://youtu.be/9Pdo0-qkEIY
C. Materials: PowerPoint presentation, module, sand, glass, paper, cold water and laptop
D. Concepts:
 Physical change is a change in the form of substance, but does not change
it into another substance. Also, it is a change in appearance of matter
without change in it’s structure.
 In physical changes in terms of the arrangement and motion of atoms and
molecules, the shape, size and phase may change.
 The physical (phase) changes include melting, evaporation, sublimation,
condensation, freezing and deposition.
E. Skills:
Observation, communicating skills and predicting skills
F. Values integration: observation and reflection
G. Time Frame: 1 hour
H. Strategy Applied: 7 E’s Approach
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III. PROCEDURE
Time
Teaching Hints
Frame
5 mins. A. Preliminaries
1. Greetings
2. Prayer
3. Securing of the
cleanliness
4. Checking of the
attendance
3 mins.
Teacher’s Activity
Students’ Activity
Good morning class!
Let us all stand, and seek for the
guidance of the Almighty.
Praise be thy name of our lord
Jesus Christ.
Please arrange your chairs
properly and pick up the pieces of
dirt around you before you sit
down.
Do we have any absentees today?
Good morning Ma’am!
IM’S
Now and forever.
Amen.
(The students will pickup the pieces of
paper/plastics.)
No, ma’am.
5. Checking of
assignment
Did I give you an assignment last
meeting?
No, Ma’am.
B. ELICIT
What have we discussed last
meeting?
Last meeting, we
discussed about
properties of solids,
liquids and gases based
on the particle of
matter.
Can someone give me brief
information about the properties
of solids, liquids and gases
according on the particle of
matter?
Solids have definite
shapes and volume.
While, liquid takes the
shape and volume of
the container. Lastly,
gas can also take the
shape of the container.
Very good! How about the
movement or attraction between
their particles?
The particles of solid
are packed closely
together in fixed
position and are held
by strong force,
therefore the particles
cannot move. While in
liquid, the particles
have spaces between
them compared to
solid. The particles can
somehow move as they
attract one another.
Lastly, in gas, the
spaces between the
particles are very large
and the attraction is
weak which makes the
particles move freely.
Yes, very good. Now that you
already understand properties of
solid, liquid and gas on the
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
particle nature of matter, let us
proceed with our discussion
today.
5 mins.
C. ENGAGE
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
Before we begin our discussion
for today, we will be having a
simple activity which will give
you a hint about the topic we are
going to discuss today.
Materials:
Paper
Water
Sand
Transparent
bottle/conta
iner
Activity
Sheet
Activity 1: Have I Changed?
Materials:




2 pieces of paper
water
sand
transparent bottle/container
Instructions:
1. The class will be given
three tasks to accomplish
within 3 minutes.
2. Upon finishing the task, the
students will answer the
table below using the
activity sheet provided by
the teacher within 2
minutes.
(The students will
perform the activity)
Question:
 Are the structure of the
materials still the same even
if they changed appearance?
Are the arrangements of their
atoms still the same? Is paper
still a paper? So on.
1 min.
Presentation of the
Lesson
We have identified from the
activity that the materials that
were ripped and mixed changed
their physical property but the
arrangement of their atoms are
still the same.
What do you think is our lesson
Physical Changes in
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today?
terms of arrangement
and motion of atoms
and molecules
Very good!
1 min.
Presentation of
Objectives
Before we start, here are our
targets for today’s discussion.
(Post the objectives)
3 mins.
Unlocking of
Difficulties
(Reading of the
objectives)
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
For us to easily understand our
topic, there are terms we need to
understand first. We might
encounter these words later
during our discussion.
There are two columns of words
flashed on the screen, and you are
going to match the terms with the
statements that best describes
them. Are my instructions clear?
Yes, ma’am.
Are you ready?
Yes, ma’am.
 Condensation change from gas to
liquid.
 Deposition change from gas to
solid.
 Evaporation change from liquid
to gas.
 Freezing - change
from liquid to
solid.
 Kinetic energy - is
the energy an
object has due to
its motion.
 Melting - change
from solid to
liquid.
 Phase Change - is
a physical process
in which a
substance goes
from one phase to
another.
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10 mins
D. EXPLORE
Now that you already understand
these terms, let us proceed to our
activity. This will help us further
understand PHYSICAL
CHANGES.
.
To further understand the physical
changes in terms of arrangement
and motion of atoms and
molecules, let us have another
activity entitled, “Physical
Change: Phase Change”.
Activity 2:
Physical Change: Phase Change
General Instructions:
1. The students will be given
two tasks to accomplish
within 8 minutes and upon
finishing the tasks, they
are going to answer the
questions provided in the
table below, which can
also be found on the
answer sheet provided by
the teacher.
Task 1
Materials:
 Cold Water
 Transparent Glass
Instructions:
 Pour cold water in a
transparent glass until it’s
full. Observe the appearance
of the glass before and after it
 Physical Change is a change in
appearance of
matter without
change in it’s
structure.
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
Materials:
Cold Water
Glass
Rubbing
Alcohol
Activity
sheet
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
is filled with water.
Task 2
Material:
 Rubbing Alcohol
Instruction:
 Put a small amount of alcohol
on your hand and apply it on
your arms (skin). Observe
what will happen. Repeat if
necessary.
2. You will be assessed based on
the following criteria.
RUBRIC
Correctness/Aptness - 50%
Timeliness --------------30%
Active Participation----25%
TOTAL
100%
Do you agree in our Rubrics?
Yes, ma’am!
3. You only have a total of 10
minutes to finish the activity (8
minutes to do tasks and 2 minutes
to briefly answer the question).
The student who will finish the
activity first will receive a price
later.
Is there any question?
None, ma’am!
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
7 mins
E. EXPLAIN
You may now start with the
activity!
Let us check first your answers on (elicit answers from
students)
our activity.
We will check first the questions
on the Task 1.
Task 1 Questions:
1. What have you observed on
the surface of the glass
before filling it with
water?
PowerPoi
nt
Presentati
on
Expected Answers:
1. The surface of
the glass is dry
before filling it
with cold water.
2. The surface of the
2. What have you observed on glass became wet after
filling it with cold
the surface of the glass
after filling it with water? water.
3. Why do you think this
happened?
3. The cold water
caused its surface to
become wet due to its
cold temperature.
Expected Answers:
Task 2 Questions:
1. What have you observed
when you applied alcohol
to your arm (skin)? What
did you feel?
2. Did the alcohol disappear?
1. The alcohol
easily
disappeared
after being
applied to the
skin. As it
disappears,
there is a
cooling
sensation.
2. Yes.
3. Why do you think this
happened?
3. The alcohol
disappeared because it
evaporated due to
change in temperature.
15 mins
F. ELABORATE
Physical change is a change in the (Students will share
their insights)
form of substance, but does not
change it to another substance. It
is a change in the appearance of
matter without change in it's
structure.
How can you relate this definition
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
from our two previous activity?
Very good! They all undergone
physical change.
( A student will read)
The ripped paper, crampled paper
and mixed sand and water all
undergone physical change,
because even if there is a change
on their appearance, the
arrangement of their particles is
still the same. The paper is still a
paper (a solid) after being ripped
or crampled and the sand (a solid)
and water (a liquid) still has the
same arrangements of particles
after being mixed.
(solicit answers from
students)
Do you have any questions so
far?
Moreover, for the cold water and
alcohol, there has been a change
on their, what we call, phase.
Again, what are the phases of
matter?
Very good!
None, ma’am.
Now, let us discuss about the
phase change.
Phase Change is a physical
process in which a substance goes
from one phase to another.
What have you observed before
and after you pour cold water on
the outer surface of a transparent
glass?
Ma’am, the phases of
matter are solid, liquid
and gas.
(A student will read)
Very good observation!
Why do you think this happened?
Do you have any idea?
You are correct. There was a
phase change that occurred.
How about the alcohol that you
Before pouring cold
water on the glass, the
outer surface was dry.
After pouring cold
water, the outer surface
became wet and there
are some smoke-like
appearance on it.
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
put on your hands? What were
your observations? What did you
feel as it disappears?
It is because a phase
change has occurred.
That is a very good observation as
well.
Now, let us thoroughly discuss
the phase changes under physical
change.
I will give you two situations.
1. You have two containers
filled with water, (a) one
with cover and (b) one
without cover. Both were
left from 9:00 o’clock in
the morning on a hot day
until the next 24 hours.
You noticed that the water
in both container
decreased, but container b
has less water than
container a.
There is also a phase
change that occurred.
As it easily disappears,
I felt a cooling
sensation on my skin.
(solicit answers from
students)
Question:
What do you think are the
changes that took place when
water is left in an open container?
In a closed container?
What is the particle used on the
situation given?
Very good, thank you!
As we all know, water is the most
abundant substance we can see on
our daily life basis. It is
everywhere, may it be in sea,
ocean, and other bodies of water.
We use it as well to hydrate our
body and survive.
In particle nature of matter, it is
It’s water, ma’am.
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
said that particles are always in
motion. Water molecules have
kinetic energy that differ from
one another. Some particles have
higher and some have lower
kinetic energy which means some
moves faster than the other.
Take note also that it was
previously mentioned that
particles of liquid attracts each
other, but since the molecules of
water differ in kinetic energy,
some break away from this
attraction and escapes from the
surface of the liquid. Basically,
the molecules that escaped are the
ones with higher kinetic energy.
The molecules that escape from
the liquid and go into the gaseous
phase is called vapor and in this
case, water vapor.
The process by which the
molecules on the surface of a
liquid break away and change
into gas is called "evaporation".
Please take note, the process by
which liquid change into gas is
evaporation.
Furthermore, what happens when
water is being heated?
As the water is heated and its
temperature rises, the molecules
gain more kinetic energy and they
move faster. More molecules
therefore have the energy to
overcome the forces of attraction
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
from other molecules. These
molecules escape to the gaseous
phase. This is evaporation.
This evaporation and formation of
gas can happen even below the
surface of the liquid. When this
happens bubbles are formed, rise
to the surface and escape into the
air. This is the bubbling
phenomenon that you see when
water boils.
Consequently, the remaining
water molecules have lower
kinetic energy and the effect of
such is the decrease in the
temperature of the liquid water.
What do you think does it mean
by decrease in temperature of the
liquid water?
Have you ever tried to put alcohol
on your arms or hands?
What have you noticed?
Alcohol is a volatile liquid which
means it easily evaporates.
Therefore, evaporation is a
"cooling process".
Do you have any questions so far,
my dear students?
Let us proceed.
This situation is from the open
container of water left for 24
hours.
None, ma’am.
How about the closed container?
What do you think happened?
Evaporation can both occur in
open and close containers.
However, they differ from one
another.
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As we discussed a while ago, in
open container, water molecules
with higher kinetic energy can
escape from liquid surface. While
in closed container, no particle
can escape into the air outside the
cover of the container.
The question is, if no molecules
escaped from the closed
container, what happened to the
water molecules that evaporated?
Do you have any idea?
Some of the water molecules
escape on the surface of the liquid
and go into gaseous state. These
molecules collide with the inner
surface of the cover, and as this
goes on, more molecules stay on
the inner surface of the cover,
accumulate and form droplets.
This process where gas changes
into liquid is called
"condensation". It is the reverse
of evaporation.
An example of this is the water
that collects on the outside of
your glass of cold drink.
Let us now talk about the second
situation.
2. You put water in an ice cube
tray and left it within the freezer
overnight. Upon checking in the
morning, you noticed that the
water become solid ice.
Question:
What change
occured?
do
you
think
(solicit answers from
students)
When you put liquid water inside
a freezer, the cooling system of
the refrigerator removes heat
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
energy from the water molecules.
As a result, they lose and have
less kinetic energy and move
more slowly.
As more heat is removed and as
the molecules move more slowly,
the forces of attraction between
the molecules cause the
molecules to be aligned. As this
removal of heat continues, the
molecules lose so much energy
that they are not able to move
from place to place but only able
to vibrate in place. In time, the
liquid water becomes solid water
(ice).
This process in which a liquid
changes into solid is known as
“Freezing”. Note that liquid
water that freezes is still water.
Similarly, ice that melts is still
water. This is why after melting
an ice cube, you can freeze the
liquid water back to ice. In other
words, the same molecules of
water are involved when these
changes occur.
“Melting” is the process in which
solid turns into liquid.
Do you have any questions?
What are the four phase changes
that we have identified so far?
Very good! Let us briefly talk
about the other two phase
changes left.
Have you seen a moth ball?
None, ma’am.
The four phase change
that we identified are
evaporation,
condensation, freezing
and melting.
Yes, ma’am.
What have you observed as you
put them in your drawers or
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
closet?
That is correct! This happens
because as it absorbs heat energy,
the molecules speed up and move
further apart. The solid then
directly becomes a gas, this
process is called “Sublimation”.
The moth balls
disappers through time.
Do you understand?
Nice. How about snow? Do you
know what snow is?
Does it occur in our country?
Yes, it does not occur in our
country because we live in a
tropical country and the weather
is hot. But how do you think it
occurs in other countries? What
process does it undergo?
Yes, ma’am.
Yes, ma’am.
No, ma’am.
This happens when the molecules
of vapor in air slow down and
move closer together, releasing
energy. This results into
formation of tiny ice crystals to
snow. This process in which
vapor (gas) turns into solid (ice
crystal) is called “deposition”.
Are you all aware of the water
cycle?
Can someone share their idea
regarding water cycle?
Yes, ma’am.
Very good! That’s correct. In fact,
some of these complex processes
include the 6 phases of change of
matter that we discussed.
Again, what are the six phases of
change of matter?
Water cycle is the
movement of water
within the Earth and
atmosphere. It involves
different complex
processes.
Thank you very much! That is
correct.
These are evaporation,
condensation, melting,
freezing, sublimation
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
and deposition.
10
mins.
Generalization
I will play a video presentation
that will summarize our topic for
today about the physical changes
of matter, and someone will give
their insights afterwards.
Video
Presentatio
n
(Students will watch
the videos)
Video 1
Title: Phases of Matter and the
Phase Changes
Source: YouTube
Link:
https://youtu.be/CMUmQRgJAo0
Video 2
Title: The Water Cycle
Source: YouTube
Link: https://youtu.be/ncORPosDrjI
Can someone briefly discuss what
(solicit answers from
they learned about the physical
students)
change and phase change of
matter?
That is very nice. Thank you very
much.
Can someone briefly discuss at
least two phase changes present
on the water cycle?
(solicit answers from
students)
Very good! Thank you.
2 mins.
Values Integration
Now, I have questions for you.
What are the differences between
the phase changes of matter?
Evaporation is the
change from liquid to
gas. Condensation is
the change from gas to
liquid. Melting is
change from solid to
liquid. Freezing is the
change from liquid to
solid. Sublimation is
the change from solid
to gas. Deposition is
the change from gas to
solid.
Can you share some insights
regarding what you observe on
some of the phase changes of
matter that occurs on the water
cycle which also occurs inside
(solicit answers from
students)
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
and outside your house?
Very good students! Very well
said. It seems that you already
understand the concept of our
topic for today.
5 mins.
Evaluate
PowerPoint
Presentatio
n and
Module
On a 1/2 sheet of paper, kindly
answer the following:
Part A. Identification
Direction: Identify each phase
change being shown on the
illustration below. Write your
answers on the space provided. (6
points)
Part B. Essay
Direction: Among the 6 phase
changes of matter, choose only 3
and briefly explain within 2-3
sentences how does it occur in the
water cycle. The explanation must
base on the particle nature of
matter. (3 points each)
1 min.
Extend
Assignment:
1. Define proton, electron
and neutron.
2. List 10 atomic elements
with their corresponding
number of proton, electron
and neutron.
3. Identify
the
proton,
electron and neutron through
an illustration and label them.
4. Make an advance reading
about the structure of an
atom.
(Students will answer
the evaluation on
google forms)
lOMoARcPSD|37246380
PREPARED BY:
Jamaica R. Hernandez
Demo Teacher
NOTED BY:
Genlyn B. Torren, LPT
Cooperating Teacher