THE EXECUTIVE
BRANCH OF
GOVERNMENT
OBJECTIVE
After going through this discussion, you
are expected to:
- Explain and analyze the roles and
powers of the Philippine president.
THREE MAJOR
FACTORS
MAKING RULE
IMPLEMENTING RULE
INTERPRETATION
OF RULE
THREE MAJOR
FACTORS
EXECUTIVE
LEGISLAMATE
JUDICIAL
THE PRESIDENT
THE PRESIDENT
- The President of the Philippines is
elected by direct vote by the people for a
term of six years.
- He may only serve for one term, and is
ineligible for re-election.
- The term of the President of the
Philippines starts at noon of the 30th day of
June after the election.
THE PRESIDENT
-The regular election for President
shall be held on the second
Monday of May on the last year of
the present president’s term.
- The President is required to take
the following oath before his/her
assumption to office:
PRESIDENT'S OATH
I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully and
conscientiously fulfil my duties as President of the
Philippines, preserve and defend its Constitution,
execute its laws, do justice to every man, and
consecrate myself to the service of the Nation. So
help me God.
POWERS
OF THE
PRESIDENT
POWERS OF THE
PRESIDENT
EXECUTIVE
POWER
POWER OF
APPOINTMENT.
POWERS OF THE
PRESIDENT
POWER OF
CONTROL
MILITARY
POWER
POWERS OF THE
PRESIDENT
DIPLOMATIC
OR FOREIGN
RELATIONS
POWER
QUALIFICATIONS FOR
ELECTION INTO OFFICE
1. natural born Filipino;
2. a registered voter;
3. must be able to read and write;
4. 40 years of age at the day of the election;
and
5. must have resided in the Philippines ten
years before the election is held.
THE LEGISLATIVE
BRANCH OF
GOVERNMENT
OBJECTIVE
After going through this discussion, you
are expected to:
1. identify the features of the Philippine
Senate and House of Representatives
in the government; and
2. discuss the roles and responsibilities of
the Philippine Senate and the House
of Representatives.
ESSENTIAL FEATURES
OF THE LEGISLATIVE
BRANCH OF PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
- Legislative power shall be vested in
Philippine Congress.
- By a vote of two-thirds of both Houses in
joint session assembled, voting
separately, Philippine Congress shall have
the sole power to declare the
existence of a state of war.
- The Senate shall elect its President and the
House of Representatives its
Speaker, by a majority vote of all its
respective Members.
- The Senate shall elect its President and the
House of Representatives its Speaker, by a
majority vote of all its respective Members.
- The Senate and the House of Representatives
shall each have an Electoral Tribunal which shall
be the sole judge of all contests relating to the
election, returns, and qualifications of their
respective Members.
- Philippine Congress confirms or rejects
Presidential appointments.
COMPOSITION OF
THE PHILIPPINE
SENATE
- Lawmakers in the Senate are called Senators.
- The Senate shall be composed of twenty-four
(24) Senators who shall be elected at large or
nationwide through popular election by the
qualified voters of the Philippines, as may be
provided by law.
- Through synchronized elections, 12 senators are
elected every three (3) years.
TERMS OF OFFICE
OF PHILIPPINE
SENATORS
- The term of office of the Senators shall be six
years and shall commence, unless otherwise
provided by law, at noon on the thirtieth day of
June next following their election.
- No Senator shall serve for more than two
consecutive terms.
- The regular election of the Senators shall be held
on the second Monday of May
QUALIFICATIONS
OF SENATOR
1. a natural-born citizen of the Philippines;
2. at least thirty-five years old;
3. is able to read and write
4. a registered voter; and
5. a resident of the Philippines for not less than
two years before election day
COMPOSITION OF
THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
- Lawmakers composing the
House of Representatives are called
Congressmen/Congresswomen. 
- The House of Representatives shall be
composed of not more than two hundred and
fifty members, unless otherwise fixed by law,
who shall be elected from legislative districts
apportioned among the provinces, cities, and
the Metropolitan Manila area in accordance
with the number of their respective
inhabitants.
TERMS OF OFFICE
OF MEMBERS OF
HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
- A Representative can serve for not more than
three consecutive terms.
- The Members of the House of
Representatives shall be elected for a term of
three years which shall begin, unless
otherwise provided by law, at noon on
the thirtieth day of June next following their
election.
-No Member of the House of Representatives
shall serve for more than three consecutive
terms.
- The regular election of the Members of the
House of Representatives shall be held on the
second Monday of May.
- In case of vacancy in the House of
Representatives, a special election may be
called to fill such vacancy in the manner
prescribed by law, but the Member
of the House of Representatives thus
elected shall serve only for the unexpired
term.
QUALIFICATIONS
OF MEMBER OF
THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
1. a natural-born citizen of the Philippines;
2. at least twenty-five years old;
3. is able to read and write; and
4. except the party-list representatives, a
registered voter and a resident for at
least one year in the district where s/he shall
be elected.
LEGISLATIVE
PROCESS
According to The Official Gazette of the Philippine Government as of July
15, 2020, the Philippine Congress is responsible for making enabling laws.
This role is important to ensure that the spirit of the constitution is upheld
in the country and laws are essential in regulating the interactions of
people among themselves and with the government. The legislative body
comes out with two main documents in order to craft laws: bills and
resolutions.
Resolutions convey principles and sentiments of the Senate or the House
of Representatives. These resolutions can further be divided into three
different elements:
- Joint Resolutions — require the approval of both chambers of Congress
and the signature of the President, and have the force and effect of a law if
approved.
- Concurrent Resolutions — used for matters affecting the operations of
both chambers of Congress and must be approved in the same form by
both houses, but are not transmitted to the President for his signature and
therefore have no force and effect of a law.
- Simple Resolutions — deal with matters entirely within the prerogative of
one chamber of Congress, are not referred to the President for his
signature, and therefore have no force and effect of a law
Bills- are laws in the making. They pass into law when they are approved
by both houses and the President of the Philippines. A bill may be vetoed
by the President, but the House of Representatives may overturn a
presidential veto by garnering a 2/3rds vote. If the President does not act
on a proposed law submitted by Congress, it will lapse into law after 30
days of receipt.
EXCLUSIVE ROLE
OF PHILIPPINE
CONGRESS
The Philippine Congress has an exclusive and a very important role
concerning the accountability of public officers as indicated in Article XI of
the 1987 Philippine Constitution which can be found at the webpage of The
Official Gazette of the Philippine Government. Specifically, the role
pertains to the process of removing the President, the Vice-President, the
Members of the Supreme Court, the Members of the Constitutional
Commissions, and the Ombudsman in their respective positions. This
process is called impeachment and shall be grounded on the culpable
violation of the Constitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other
high crimes, or betrayal of public trust by the above-mentioned public
officials.
The Philippine Congress has an exclusive and a very important role
concerning the accountability of public officers as indicated in Article XI of
the 1987 Philippine Constitution which can be found at the webpage of The
Official Gazette of the Philippine Government. Specifically, the role
pertains to the process of removing the President, the Vice-President, the
Members of the Supreme Court, the Members of the Constitutional
Commissions, and the Ombudsman in their respective positions. This
process is called impeachment and shall be grounded on the culpable
violation of the Constitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other
high crimes, or betrayal of public trust by the above-mentioned public
officials.
All cases of impeachment shall be initiated at the House of
Representatives. The Senate tries and shall decide on all cases and if
the President of the Philippines is facing the impeachment case, the
Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court will preside but shall not
vote. If the case involves the Vice-President, the Members of the
Supreme Court, the Members of the Constitutional Commissions, and
the Ombudsman, the Senate President shall preside. No person shall
be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of all the Members
of the Senate.
THANK YOU
SO MUCH