Notes for water supply and water distribution system [Sir JG]
• Water distribution system is consisting of your water pipes, waste
water pipes, water distribution pipes (valves, fittings, elbows,
connecting conduits, backflow valves)
PARTS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
1. Service Pipe
– The pipe from water main [source ng tubig “galing Nawasa sa
tagalog or galing ng maynilad”]
2. Water Meter
– Device used to measure in liters or gallons the amount of water
that passes through the water service
3. Distribution pipe / Supply pipe
– A pipe within the structure which supplies water from the water
service pipe or meter to the point of utilization
4. Riser
– A water supply pipe that extends one full story or more to convey
water to branches or to a group of fixtures
5. Fixture Branch (D gano mahalaga)
– The water supply pipe between the fixture supply pipe & the water
distributing pipe
6. Fixture Supply
– A water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch
TYPES OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
[Cold Water Distribution Systems]
Type 2 : INDIRECT
1. Down Feed or Gravity System [medyo mura gastos]
– Water is pumped into a large tank on top of the bldg. and is
distributed to the floors by means of gravity
2. Hydro pneumatic system (Air Pressure System) [pinaka
magastos]
[pag ayaw mo maglagay upper reservoir]
– When pressure supplied by city water is not strong enough,
compressed air is used to raise and push water into the system
3. Direct UPFEED [pinaka mura na gastos]
– Water is provided by the city water companies using normal
pressure from public water main
[NOT RECOMMENDED FOR BLDG WITH 2 STORY SINCE D NA
KAYA I AKYAT NG HEAD NYA]
Peak load HRS [Noon Time] why?
- At noon time, water pipes are subjected to heat thus
resulting into evaporation of water
Nagbukas ng tubig sa umaga
- Water inside the pipes are under pressure, water
outside the pipes are high velocity.
- Anlakas ng pressure ng tubig is mali dapat,
[ANLAKAS PO NG KINETIC ENERGY KASI
MABILIS ANG VELOCITY]
{sabihin sayo ng mga tao mukhang tanga}
- Kase alam ng tao ang pressure ay responsible sa
tubig na yon. Yes that is true, but pressure is only
responsible in confined spaces [confined container,
pipe systems], pag dating ng labas nyan sa pipe
mo ang pressure nyan is always atmospheric
1.Compact pumping unit [maliit lang compressor para sa maliit na space]
2. Sanitary – wala ng sisikan ng bacteria virus virus
3. Economical
- Smaller pipe diameter, kasi pag mas Malaki diameter mas gagatos
+ initial construction , maintenance cost
-Maliban nalang pag tubig nilagay mo sa compressor kasi water is a
incompressible fluid
4.Oxygen purifying – nililinis ng oxygen
PROBLEMA: PAG BROWNOUT WALA TUBIG
SOLUSYON : TABO BALDE
Advantages
1. Water is not affected by peak load
- Nasa taas yung tangke mo kasi meron ka reserve
2. Not affected by power interruption
- May reserve kase
Disadvantage
1.Water is subjected to contamination
- Open sa taas yung tangke
2. High maintenance cost
- titingnan mo pa mga supports, cleaning maintenance pa
3. Occupies valuable space
- self explanatory
4. Requires stronger foundation and other structure to carry
additional load of tank and water.
Types of hot water distribution system
1. UPFEED and gravity return system
– Usually in laundry , restaurants, etc.
Baket larger pipes pag hot water?
- Kasi ang hot water nagkakaroon ng vapor, kelagan papalaki ang
pipe mo para yung vapor na yon magka roon ng room for
expansion
- Sa Pinas ang hot water distribution system is usually nasa
[Laundry Shops, Hotel na may boiler tank (karaniwan diesel type
or electric
- Pag mga bahay, at 10k pesos meron kanang water heater – itong
water heater na to Is integrated at a hot water tank, pero kung
wala ang hot water tank ang ginagawa is sa isa sa system supply
mo may nakalgay na heater and then yung heater na yon lalabas
na sa shower mo
DWV SYSTEM [RADIO STATION]
Drainage Waste-water and vent System ng building
Cold Water – Gray Pipe
Hot Water – Red Pipes
Natural Gas
Vent System
AIRPOT LANG MERON SA PH KAYA D
KASAMA YAN
LPG LANG MERON SA PINAS
Drain System
BAKET KAYLAGNA NETO?
- Pag dating sa sewages may mga
microorganisms na nag rereact sa sewage ang
ngyayare nagkakaroon ng aerobic reaction, and
under that reaction nagkakaroon ng vent system
para yung mga evaporative gases na yon or
vapors na yon makawala sa plumbing, KASE
PAG NAIPON YON SA COMNFINED SPACE IS
RESULT INTO PRESSURE BUILDUP THUS
RESULTING IN EXPLOSION
[POSO NEGRITO] Sewage Tank – after ng toilet dito napupunta sa
sewage tank. Ang mga bahay commonly may mga SEWAGE VENTS,
yung mga vents na yon is dun tinatanggal or pinapakawala yung
METHANE GAS. Kasi ang sewage pag nagkaroon ng AEROBIC
REACTION it produces a lot of METHANE GAS, pag nangamoy parang
bugok na itlog or rotten egg, THAT IS HIGHLY FLAMMABLE. Basically,
Vents are used to avoid methane gas buildup. Para yung methane gas
na yon aakyat sa ating atmosphere at hindi ma contain sa sewage
storage. KASI PUPUTOK YON PAG KATAGALAN.
[Kanal] Drain system explanation – Kung pansin nyo mas Malaki sa
cold water supply line, kasi ang drain system natin ay halo halo na dyan
(1) sewage water (2) Waste Water
- Will be collected by MWSS or the ALKANTARILYA
[SIDE QUEST MUNA]
-Sa laundry kelagan naten ng hot water [For water of dryer]
- For water, why? Mas Maganda maglaba ng mainit na tubig
kasi natatanggal kagad ang mancha, and mas mabilis mag react
ang sabon pag mainit ang tubig.
- Kaya tingnan nyo kapag cold water yung mga detergent
naten, kapag nilagay mo sa kamay mo diba umiinit? That is
chemical reaction to condition the water para uminit [ SIMPLE
CALORIMETRY]
- Mas mainit ang tubig mas Madali tunawin ang mancha, or
yung mga solid particles mas mabilis tunawin pag mainit ang tubig
DWV (DRAIN WASTE VENT SYSTEM) – To collect waste water or get
Rid of it
Mga fixture is yung = SINK , TOILET, TUBS, Showers anything that you
connect to your piping system
Common schematic of DWV
VENT PIPE
Traps are usually used to leave out solid
particles to settle at the trap but let water pass through
CH4 – METHANE
Vent pipe – pasingawan abot sa bubong nyan, kaylagan ng
pasingawan sa poso negro kasi baka pumutok yan
Drain Pipe – From your sink sa lababo sa kobeta sa laundy papuntang
sewage line. [pupunta kay MWSS] - Metropolitan Sewage system
PROPER CONNECTION FOR ELBOWS
+
Bat ganon yung flow. Kasi pag nalaglag yan dyan ng ccreate yan ng
negative pressure. Pag ng create yan ng negative pressure babalik
sayo yung nilaglag mo [kaya wag na wag nyo lalagyan ng tissue paper
nag inidoro – kasi Babara yan at babalik sayo yan]
VENT LINE
PIPE SLANTING BAWAL PARALLEL
IMPORANTE SA PLUMBING AND CAD
[PVC D NATUTUNAW SA ACID
Shutoff valve – minsan eto yung nilalagyan ng kandado ng Maynilad
pag dka nakapagbayad. Pero karaniwan meron tayo secondary shutoff
Types of water supply
Potable
Sanitary Drainage supply – waste water ni MWSS pero karaniwan
kinkolekta ng truck truck malabanan o maniwala water twag kalang ng
truck
Waste and water removal
Storm Water Drainage Supply
Wala neto sa pinas sa Japan meron kaya d binabaha Japan kasi may
stormwater drainage supply, pde ka maglagay ng statue of liberty
height ng tubig
[Flood control tawg nila ]Ang meron lang sa PH, pumping station along
san juan river and pasig river. Meron mga storm channel, karaniwan
kasi tandan mo manila is 5 meters below sea level ibig sabihin mas
mababa siya, karaniwan manila is flooding pg malakas ang ulan
 Pasig river backflow explanation
- Pag nag high tide ang manila bay, babalik sa atin, kaya pansinin
nyo ang pasig river minsan nagkakaroon ng backflow kasi nga
ang pasig river will lead to all the channels to manila bay. Kaya
pag nag high tide ang manila bay bumabagal ang flow ng pasig
river. Pag nag low tide ang manila bay, lalakas ang flow ng pasig
river
 Kaya tayo nagbabaha wala tayo storm-drain system