Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pathophysiology
M. tuberculosis
Primary TBI
Latent TBI
enters lungs
body releases
immune cells
multiplies &
spread to other
areas of lungs
phagosome +
lysosome
granulomas
reactivation of
M. tb
M. tb inhibits
phagolysosome
fusion
M. tb creates
localized infection
caseous necrosis +
hilar lymphadenopathy
= Ghon Complex
M. tb contained
immunosuppresed pt.
Active TBI
fibrocaseous necrosis of UL
Clinical
Manifestations
Diagnostic Tests
Nursing Management
lung cavitation
fever
nightsweats
weightloss
coughing
hemoptysis
M. tb disseminates to airways &
lymphatic channels
bronchopneumonia
pneumothorax
pleural effusion
vascular
system
systemic
miliary TB
meningitis TB
Pott disease
Addison’s disease
scrofula
Mantoux test
IGRA
PPD
Sputum sample
Chest X-ray
Promoting airway clearance
Promoting adherences to treaatment regimen
Promoting activity & adequate nutrition
Preventing transmission of tuberculosis infection
RIPES
Treatment
MDR-TB
& XDRTB
special regimens
Pretomanid
Linezolid
Bedaquiline
Complications
Castro, Crisostomo, Estrellas, & Palmani