KONGONI TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE ATTACHMENT REPORT
NAME: NAOMI SAKWA INGADO
ADMISSION NUMBER: D.L.S/0300/21M
COURSE: DIPLOMA IN LAND SURVEY
DEPARTMENT: BUILDING
ATTACHMENT ORGANIZATION: TRANSNZOIA PHYSICAL PLANNING
FIELD SUPERVISOR: EDWARD ALIATA
ATTACHMENT PERIOD: 4/9/2023 - 1/12/2023
REPORT PRESENT TO: INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT COORDINATION OFFICE
DECLARATION OF STUDENT
I declare that this field attachment report is a product of activities I carried out in Transnzoia
county, survey office during my attachment from 4/9/2023 to 1/12/2023 and has not been
submitted by any other student to any other learning institute for Award of academic
certificate
Signature: _________________________________
I.
DEDICATION
I fully dedicate this work to my family, college supervisor Mr.Kevin Magonya and my field
supervisor Edward Aliata
iii
II.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This attachment could not have been accomplished if not for direct and indirect
contribution of colleagues and the Institution I was attached to. I take this opportunity to
express my sincere gratitude to all of them.
To my supervisor Edward Aliata and the entire college admission, you gave Methuenending support. I got inspired and say thank you.
I would also like to thank the Transnzoia county Surveyor Edward Aliata who provided the
enabling environment for this to happen.
Above all I would like to thank the Almighty God who gave me the Inspiration to accept it as
a course of life.
May God bless you thank you.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENT
Preliminary pages
Title of Topic
Certificate Page
Acknowledgement
List of Figures
List of Abbreviations
Executive Summery
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background-Study
1.2 Mission and Vision
1.2.2Vision
1.2.3Corevalues
1.2.4Key Objectives
1.3Organizational Structure
v
CHAPTER TWO
2INTRODUTION
2.1General Activities
2.2Specific activities Undertaken
2.3Analysis of learnt knowledge and competencies acquired
2.4Objectives & critiques
2.4.1Observation
2.4.2Critiques/limitations
2.5Value to my program study
3.0 CHAPTER THREE
SUMMERY,
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATION
3.1CONCLUSION
3.12RECOMMENDATIONS
vi
ABSTRACT
This is an attachment report base don’t he three months long period from September 2023
to December 2023 on Land survey at the Transnzoia county Land Survey office in Transnzoia
county. The department ensures communication with both the internal and external publics
through a number of communication platforms.
The major activities carried out during the attachment period are boundaries identification,
land measurement, opening of access roads, land distribution resolution and area
computation. For one to Qualify for an attachments, you shall be doing survey or are native
course to survey. The application procedure include, supplying required documents to the
office of the county to prove you are a student from known college and having skills required
in the organization .Once it’s approved by the county secretary , one is given a calling letter
with a specific date to report. Attaches are not paid and are expected to report and leave
office with employed staffs. Job tasks are given to an attached by his/her assigned
organization supervisor with a keen follow-up.
During the attachment I gained the practical knowledge on how land survey skills are
achieved through participation in the day-to-day work , through keen observation of the
processes and procedure of work and interaction with fellow employees .I was involved in
boundary identification, land measurement, dispute resolution, coordinates management,
map work and area computation. During the attachment, some of the emerging issues
included: bad weather, long-distance, no clear land demarcation, poor terrain and
inadequate number of machines.
Vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Organization background
Organizations main activities and core function
Land survey department main functions include:

Boundary identification,

Land measurement,

Opening of access roads,

Land dispute resolution,

Area computation.
Current technology in use
The land survey has adopted new technology by using GPS. Other technologies in use
include computers, cellphones, laptops, printers, scanners, modems, flash disks, and
photocopying machines. These technologies reduce manual work in the offices and
improve the accuracy of information delivery. It also enhances storage of documents for
future use and reference.
1.4Work conditions
Staffs are given house allowance per month. Commuter allowance is also given per month.
All employees of Land survey have medical cover, i.e., NHIF, which can be used at the
specified hospitals signed out by the employee.
1.4.0Hours of work
Employees report to work at 8:00 am, break for lunch at 1:00 pm for one hour, and leave at
5:00 pm
1.4.1Code of dressing
The staffs are to dress officially in order to maintain a reputation of Transnzoia county.
1.5 Mandate, Mission, vision statement and core values
Mandate
Lands and energy department is a public department with the following mandates:

To excel in land management

To provide an enabling environment for the provision of affordable shelter.

Provide and ensure adequate planning

Increase production and access to efficient energy

Improve urban management to residents of Transnzoia county
1.5.1 Mission
To provide an enabling environment for all, suitable land use and management,
development of housing, and clean energy for all.”
1.5.2Vision
Efficient land management, affordable quality housing, and sustainable utilization of energy
resources.
1.5.3 Core values
The mandate of the department is to manage and administer Land and Energy
resources through the following
 County policy formulation and legislation on lands.
 Determination of property boundaries.
 Solving of property boundary disputes.
 Showing of property boundaries.
 Land property valuation services.
1.6 Organization structure
1.7 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
CHIEF EXECUTIVE LANDS
CHIEF OFFICER LANDS AND ENERGY
DIRECTOR O LANDS AND ENERGY
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR
COUNTY SURVEYOR
CHIEF SURVEYOR
ASSISTANT SURVEYORS AND GISEXPERTS
CHAPTER TWO
GENERAL ACTIVITIES
Boundary identification.
Is the process of demarcating two or more parcels of land that borders one another. Using
map, roads and junctions are identified to locate boundaries. The boundary coordinates are
fed into the GPS machine. The coordinates are then plotted on the grid using appropriate
scale. Finally, the actual shape is determined.
We identified exactly where the property boundaries are located. A Boundary Identification
Survey removes uncertainty as to who is the legal owner of a particular parcel of land and
ensures that the property you have purchased will not be subject to dispute in the future.
The boundary survey is based on two key components: land records research and a field
survey. Document research includes review of available records including title certificates,
deeds, part surveys, easements, and subdivision maps.
The process took one day or up to two weeks or more, depending on property size and access
to the necessary information. More time-consuming research affects the overall cost for land
surveying. The method of border identification may include marking the border place on the
floor with offset marks and introducing a plank known as a border recognition certificate to
demonstrate the border and its connection to any constructions near the border.
This certificate not only defines the position of the limits but also confirms the title certificate
under which the property is held and defines any easements over the property. The
boundary survey begins with a boundary or cadastral survey, measuring, marking, and
mapping the boundary lines of land ownership. We then examine the historical records
relating to the property being purchased as well as the lands surrounding it.
Open access roads
Process of identifying the original location of a road and reopening it. Access roads are
identified from a map, the occupier is informed of the encroachment. The occupier is given
time to vacate the road at his own wish. In case of failure, he is taken to court. The
surveying of the access road allows the preparation of a plan of survey which depicts the
limits, position, and area of the access within the titled parcel, quarter section or spatial
reference. This 'picture' of the survey then becomes the basis of the agreement between the
owner of the lands being crossed and the access user.
The positioning of the access with respect to the disposition being accessed can only be
reliable if it is physically tied to the disposition boundaries as originally surveyed and
monument. Not only do surveyors determine how the land must be prepared before the
highway can be constructed, but they also assist engineers in the mapping of optimal
routes. This includes grading (slopes), curves, and the creation of tunnels or other features
along the highway route.
Road easements often come into play when someone needs to access their property. When
there is no roadway between a given parcel of land and public roads, it can become
incredibly difficult to legally use the land that you’ve purchased.
Typically, lots for sale in newer residential communities don’t have access problems
because developers work closely with the local planning departments to make sure all the
new lots are designed properly and have proper access to public roads. So if you’re buying
a lot in this type of community, your access likely will be pretty easy to confirm.
Even if you’re looking at land for sale in an older neighborhood or an undeveloped area,
access for building lots typically is easy to verify with a survey and title review. But
understand that having a road near the property doesn’t necessarily mean you have access
to it. We have seen a property that did not have access to a paved road, just feet from the
property line, because an adjacent landowner owned a small strip of land that blocked
access to the road. In addition, some may assume a driveway from the public street is part
of their property, only to find that it crosses land owned by a neighbor.
Access easements are not uncommon and are used to grant someone the right to cross land
owned by another party, like that driveway over the neighbor’s land. If your sole or
primary access to your lot is via an easement, make sure you investigate it thoroughly and
use a real estate attorney to review it and confirm your rights:
Time– Some easements are limited by time. Just because the Seller has been using the
easement for access for years does not mean that it has not expired
Use– Easements may limit the type of use and who can use it. We once considered buying a
property, but an easement was limited to access only and would not have clearly allowed
us to bury utilities in the easement area. Also, if your use is not exclusive, then who else can
use the easement area and how?
Size–Is the easement wide enough for a vehicle – or two lanes if you need that for the
property’s use? We prefer easements with specified dimensions, although sometimes
easements are more generally described..
Field Conditions–
Survey the easement to see exactly where it is located on the adjacent land. We saw a deal
fall apart because a neighboring landowner had obstructed the access easement for an
undeveloped home site by building a garage on it.
Written– Easements always should be in writing and recorded in the land records. You may
hear about prescriptive easements, easements by use, implied easements, and other quirky
methods for getting access to land that don’t involve written documents. While these
methods sometimes prove valid, we don’t suggest that you try to rely on concepts like these
to access land you wish to buy. Also, your 'handshake' agreement with your neighbor won’t
matter when he sells his property and you have a new neighbor. Have a clearly written
access agreement.
Surveyors can confirm if the lot has access to a public road (whether directly or via an
easement). Also, obtain adequate title insurance coverage for your access. This is pretty
standard practice for industry professionals, but many people buying lots for new homes
carelessly forego a survey to save closing costs
Digitization of maps
Digitization involves the transformation of paper-based graphical information into a digital
format. When mapping is digitized, drawing commands are utilized to trace data from a
paper map into a DWG file. In the context of Geographic Information Systems (GIS),
digitizing refers to converting geographic data from hard copies or scanned images into
vector data by tracing features. Throughout this process, features from the traced map or
image are captured as coordinates in point, line, or polygon formats.
The benefits of digitization include increased efficiency, safeguarding records against
natural disasters, theft, or loss, and facilitating easy record retrieval. Digitization
modernizes organizations to current market standards. However, the risk of data loss
exists during digitization, especially when dealing with curves. To enhance accuracy, more
points need to be digitized for sharp curves, though this may increase file size and
complexity. Parameters like radius or length can be employed when using the Arc option of
PLINE and MAPDIGITIZE commands for digitizing regular curves.
Irregular lines, such as topography contours, are represented as continuous polylines and
can be smoothed using the Fit option of PEDIT if needed. Setting the PLINEGEN system
variable to 1 (on) before digitizing ensures correct evaluation of dashed line types.
To avoid redundancy and file size increase, segments should be marked on the paper map
upon completion to prevent double digitizing. During the digitization process, text can be
added to indicate nodes or important locations on the map. The STYLE command defines a
text style, such as isocp.shx, with a fixed text height, minimizing the need to enter text
height repeatedly. The TEXT command is used to enter text while digitizing, ensuring
single-line entries on the same layer as the corresponding feature. For complex or lengthy
text, the MTEXT command can be employed after digitization is complete.
Care should be taken to avoid overlaying the insertion point of the text and endpoints of
the objects being annotated. For further guidance, refer to the Help index under 'text.'
Map work
Involves interpretation of graphical representation of land and determining coordinates.
After determination, grids are drawn, and Northings and Easting’s are determined for easy
plotting before visiting the farm. The data gathered in the survey are compiled to produce a
Map. A preliminary map can also be prepared by compiling data from other existing maps
(i.e., a ‘derived’ map), and this is often a useful first step. In the absence of computer-aided
software (e.g., GIS – see below), a map can be prepared by a Cartographer, who uses the
surveyor’s plot to draw the first Map or ‘base map’, and then adds other features.
The following characteristics affect the use of maps:
Scale– The size of the MPA, the scale required, and the size of the printed map (and thus the
paper to be used) must be chosen on the basis of needs and expected uses. Scale refers to
the degree of reduction of the graphic representation compared to the true size of the
feature. Scale bars are used to indicate the length of miles or kilometers as represented on
the map, or may be given as a ratio. A scale of 1:50,000 means that a measurement on the
map represents a distance 50,000 times greater on the land or sea; thus, 1 cm on the map
represents 500 m in reality. Maps of 1:50,000 (used to show buildings, roads, etc.) are
considered large-scale compared to those of 1:1,000,000, which are considered small-scale
and are used for whole countries or oceans.
Resolution and Accuracy–
This refers to how accurately a feature can be depicted on a map: the larger the scale, the
higher the resolution. Using a scale of 1:50,000, a 30m long building would be just over
0.5m on the map. The choice of line widths used can introduce errors; for example, on a
map with a scale of 1:50,000, a road represented by a line 0.5mm thick will mean that it is
25m wide in reality. Similarly, a 1mm error in the location of the line on the map will mean
a 50m deviation from reality. Factors affecting accuracy can also have cumulative effects
Coordinates–
These are usually marked as intervals along the margins. They can be in the form of
latitude and longitude (as used on charts) or UTM units (frequently used by government
cartographers). Most GPS and GIS can
Land dispute resolution
Land conflicts occur in many forms. There are conflicts between single parties (as for
instance boundary conflicts between neighbors), inheritance conflicts between siblings,
and disputes over the use of a given piece of land. These conflicts are comparatively easy to
solve. Those that include several parties, though – such as group invasions or evictions of
entire settlements – are more difficult to deal with. In Brazil, in the state of Amazonas, it is
suspected that fully one-third of its land area has been illegally appropriated (Brazilian
Ministry of Agrarian Development 2001). But by far the most complex land conflicts are
those that include corrupt land administration and state capture.
Conflicts over land develop prior to war, continue through war, and often reemerge to
threaten peace building in the post-conflict period. Competition over land and its resources
is at the center of the nexus between land and conflict. Competition can occur between any
number and type of identity groups, whether based on ethnicity, religion, class, gender, or
generation. When that competition involves groups of people, rather than individuals, the
risk of larger-scale violence increases. Some conflicts grow directly out of competition for
land, but land is often not the sole cause of conflict; other factors, such as ethnic or religious
tensions or political marginalization contribute to conflict.
To address land-related conflict, it is essential to correctly identify the roles played by land
in the conflict. What factors create vulnerability to land conflict disputes arise when two
landlords are prompted to claim the same area by confusing legal descriptions. In reality,
the acts in question can describe the same territory, or the confusing wording in the
description may lead every landowner to believe that the land is his/her.
Depending on the location of your home or business, if you are involved in a border
dispute, you may have several options for it. Although a court may require you to carry out
a boundary survey even if you had one in your past, even if you are trying to solve the
border dispute without involving the court, you should consider completing a survey.
Preparing you and your neighbor will help you reach a friendly agreement because it
provides evidence of the location of a border
Student objectives

To provide the opportunity to develop attitudes conducive to effective
interpersonal relationships.

To positively utilize the skills and processes of management learned in class in
the day-to-day activities.

To provide knowledge of the formal activities of a participating organization.

To practically learn and make use of methods and procedures used in the
management process of an organization.

To familiarize myself with the office environment which included fostering my
interpersonal and communication skills, handling and managing documents
using office equipment.

To follow the procedures/steps followed while performing core activities of the
organization.

To positively and diligently utilize my skill and knowledge towards the
achievement of the overall organizational goals.
2.2.1How the objectives would be achieved
During the attachment period I achieved the above objectives through active participation
nin the day-to-day work activities assigned; keen observation of the processes and
procedures of work and interactions with the employees that enabled me in giving the
relevant knowledge and skills.
CHAPTER THREE
Lesson, Experience, and Skills
Attachment is a learning experience of its own kind. The importance it has got over the
years in building one’s career is not exaggerated; given what it has to give back. Neither is it
spoon-fed school learning, nor pressure-filled workload. And in between, you not only
learn the basics of work life but also the soft skills required for a brighter professional
career.
Skills Gained
Time Management
Earlier, I could just miss a class because I had some personal commitments. During an
attachment, which is almost the beginning of your work life, you can’t mark your absence
on a regular basis. Hence, it helped me learn to manage my time better by maintaining a
balance between my work and personal life, without harming any of them.
Adaptability Skills
Not everyone is adaptable from the beginning. In fact, I refused to be so even during my
attachment experiences, but I noticed the loss was mine. Being adaptive to my
surroundings easily is one of the most useful soft skills not only desirable to employers but
also important to my self-growth. So, I made the most of my attachment experiences and
learned some adaptability skills while I was there.
Work Ethics
I didn’t really learn about work ethics until I was in a tangible work environment. In college
education, we are used to making excuses for late submissions, short attendance, and
whatnot! But it is only when we are introduced to the actual environment that we learn
work ethics.
Team work
My internship experience is unlike my college project where one person did all the work
and the grades were shared among the rest. Here, it was more professional, and each one in
a team needs to work together to finish the task. I learned to work as a team without
focusing entirely on myself. I also developed patience in situations when I disagreed with
another member(s) of the team.
Problem solving skills
Attachment introduced me to real-life work problems and hence developed my problemsolving skills.
Responsibility skills
Often missed out in the list of soft skills, being responsible is an integral skill required in
the job arena. My attachment experience made me more responsible and accountable for
the decisions I make and how I execute what’s been allocated to you
Experience







Conducted surveys on land sites and properties.
Examined previous records and evidence to ensure data accuracy.
Researched and designed methods for survey processes.
Used equipment and tools to accurately measure land features (e.g., longitudes, latitudes).
Built maps, sketches, and charts.
Reported on survey results and presented findings to clients.
Collaborated with surveyors and other staff on several projects.
CHAPTER FOUR
Challenges, Issues, Analysis, and Limitations
3.1 Observations
The organization encourages teamwork among its employees through spirited effort put on
a daily basis and interventions of the organization's staff. Fellow attaches exchange ideas,
skills, and working strategies.
.
3.1 Challenges
i. Bad Weather
Bad weather hampered the accessibility of the work sites. Furthermore, GPS machine
communication with the satellite is distorted during poor weather.
ii. Long Distance
Long distances made it impossible for the staff to meet their daily target of
assignments.
iii. No Clear Land Demarcation
Lack of clear land demarcation made it difficult to solve disputes since we could not arrive
at accurate determination of cases. Land demarcation would disappear due to heavy rains.
iv. Poor Terrain
The department van could not access work sites due to rugged grounds.
v. Inadequate Number of Machines
The department had one machine that was shared among all staff; this deterred our speed
of completing assigned tasks.
vi. Inadequate Human Resource
Low number of staff in this department resulted in slow completion of task assignments.
3.2Value to my programmed of study
During the attachment, the following skills were gained:
i. Performing Land Search
This involved receiving filled forms from the client, which is then submitted to the registrar
for signing. Which is then sent to the county headquarters for processing.
ii. Operating GPS Machine
This is a machine that accepts coordinates from the field. Fed coordinates can also be
downloaded after calibration.
iii. Self-Confidence
Due to interaction with other staff, I developed the virtue of believing in myself.
iv. Land Dispute Solution
Studied and mastered the process of solving land-related disputes.
v. Legal Framework
Learned and understood the legal framework to follow in land-related cases.
SOLUTIONS
I propose that some of the above challenges would be solved through:
i. Civil education to farmers to make them understand the importance of boundary marks.
ii. Add more machines to the department to facilitate fast completion of tasks.
iii. Add more staff to the department to facilitate faster handling of work.
CHAPTER FIVE
3.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
3.1CONCLUSION
The overall attachment experience was insightful, providing a wonderful opportunity to
practically relearn the knowledge and skills theoretically learned in class and also to learn
that there is great potentiality within that is yet to be put to use. The exposure that I have
acquired in Transnzoia county Lands and Energy Department has enabled me to practice a
number of things which, prior to this, I learned only theoretically. It has given me the
opportunity to put knowledge learned theoretically to practical use. I want to applaud
Transnzoia county Survey Office for the warm and outgoing staff that made my work easy
in terms of learning. The organization should keep it up and continue to improve it.
3.1.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
In keeping with the technology, the organization should improve its filing system. The
much paperwork should be fed into the computer to enhance digitization. Also, there
should be a centralized system of computerization to save time and resources in retrieving
documents by the click of the mouse. Finally, the organization needs to have unity of
command. Directives ought to be taken from one supervisor. This will promote
hardworking.