GEN 001 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION SOUTHWESTER UNIVERSITY PHINMA BS PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 01 FIRST SEMESTER BLOCK 2 P2 MODULE 12: APPLYING SLANTED LANGUAGE I. II. III. OUTLINE Slanted Language A. Positive Slant B. Negative Slant Reminders FAQs APPLYING SLANTED LANGUAGE “Most language in one way or another expresses an opinion as well as communicating fact. “Most language in one way or another expresses an opinion as well as communicating fact. Slanted language is the use of words that is either favorable or unfavorable to the idea or person being discussed. can lead an audience into feeling either negatively or positively. Example: Negative slant Neutral word Positive slant Confess, admit State, say Shared, imparted Plot, scheme plan Prepare Annoyed, bothered Concerned irritated Mistake, blunder Error Oversighted Outdated, old Used Antique, preloved Propaganda More or less systematic effort to manipulate other people’s beliefs, attitudes, or actions by means of symbol. Propagandists have a specified goal or set of goals. Selected facts, arguments, and display of symbols are used. Propagandists OMIT or DISTORT pertinent facts or simply lie. POSITIVE SLANT Positive slant Favorable words are used. Causes the audience to feel positive or favored. Example: You need to improve, Mike We were never in good terms The less fortunate ones are given bundles of joy. NEGATIVE SLANT Negative slant Unfavorable words Causes the audience feel upset. Example: He’s too dumb to pass the test. The volleyball team was slaughtered yesterday Joseph is dead REMINDERS Be careful if it’s a fact or an opinion Watch out for the positive or negative slant when people judge or interpret a fact. Example EDICA Clingy partner vs. affectionate partner Non-participative student vs. quietly reflecting type Most people have hidden agendas – they want to influence how you think. Their statements are not necessarily facts. Research more about the facts before making. FAQS Use positive slant language as much as possible. How to know if a writer is using slanted language? Ask yourself what you feel after reading the statement. If it makes you feel light or happy, then it must be slanted positively. If it angers or upsets you, then it must be slanted negatively. Another way to find out if there is a more factual, objective, or neutral way to say a statement – then you know the original statement is slanted. Why do I need to know if a writer is using slanted language? Because the writer is trying to influence your thoughts and opinions. Know why the writer is trying to persuade you. GEN 001 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION SOUTHWESTER UNIVERSITY PHINMA BS PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 01 FIRST SEMESTER BLOCK 2 P2 MODULE 13: UNDERSTANDING AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY I. II. OUTLINE Informative Essay A. Forms of Informative Essay B. Essay Outline FAQs INFORMATIVE ESSAY Expository essay Tells the audience about a topic, describe an object, person, place, idea, experience, situation, etc. Often factual. Usually answers the questions: Who, where when, why, and how. Told in chronological manner. According to a sequence of an event. It is objectively written. Does not give an opinion nor persuade the audience to change their minds. FORMS OF INFORMATIVE ESSAY To define, compare and contrast, present data, enumerate, or outline a process. Definition Compare and contrast - Similarities - Differences Process - Meaning - Sequence of steps - Characteristics - Context/situation - Examples Example – SAS 13 page 4 Process 1. Necessary steps C and E 2. An action causes an effect Define 3. Examples FAQS Is the information on the internet reliable? Yes, but check the sources. Make sure the sources are credible. Compare the pieces of information from different sources. Is citing sources important in informative essays? Yes, you may use footnote, parenthetical or numbered referencing system. EDICA GEN 001 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION SOUTHWESTER UNIVERSITY PHINMA BS PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 01 FIRST SEMESTER BLOCK 2 P2 MODULE 14: USING RESEARCH TO WRITE AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY I. II. OUTLINE Using Research to Write an Informative Essay A. Sources i. Print and online ii. Online (a) Reliability FAQS USING RESEARCH TO WRITE AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY A good informative essay uses research. It is important to research more about the facts before making conclusion Research tends to catch people’s attention; help you get exposure that is important for professional life. It makes your work authentic and professional. SOURCES Print and online Books, journals, magazines, and newspapers Online Websites, videos, photos, and presentations. Wikipedia: Content is friendly to read, but validity is not always reliable. Should not be used as a main source. INTERNET Sources from the internet must be checked for its reliability. Authority- Is there an author? Is the author expert on the topic? Are they part of a recognized organization? Accuracy- is it free from spelling and grammar errors? Has the content been reviewed by other experts? Does it have other sources? Objectivity- Does the author present objective arguments? Is it clear when s/he is expressing personal opinions? Currency- are the information up to date? Are the links working? URL- is the web address personal or institutional? .edu (school or university), or .gov (government) FAQS If I publish my work online, will it be considered a reliable source? - if you will be narrating personal stories and experiences, then it is treated as reliable source. However, if you are writing about a technical topic, your writing needs to be reviewed by a group of experts or in an organization like a university. Can newspapers always be reliable? - yes, for as long as the information is updated. Check the date of the newspapers and the news itself. Some news tends to have development over time. EDICA GEN 001 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION SOUTHWESTER UNIVERSITY PHINMA BS PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 01 FIRST SEMESTER BLOCK 2 P2 MODULE 13: UNDERSTANDING A PERSUASIVE ESSAY I. II. III. OUTLINE Understanding a Persuasive Essay A. Persuasive Essay as Argumentative Essay B. Tips Persuasive Devices A. Pathos B. Big Names C. Research and Logos D. Ethos E. Kairos FAQS UNDERESTANDING A PERSUASIVE ESSAY Also knows as an argumentative essay. Logic and reason are used to show that your point of view is more legitimate than any other. You want your readers to accept your point of view. Examples: A good persuasive essay shows not only why a writer’s point of view is correct but Advertisements also why the opposing view is incorrect. Newspaper editorials Blogs Political speeches EDICA GEN 001 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION SOUTHWESTER UNIVERSITY PHINMA BS PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 01 FIRST SEMESTER BLOCK 2 P2 MODULE 14: USING RESEARCH TO WRITE AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY EDICA