Nutrition and Energy Production
(Introduction about sa Nutrition and Energy Production)
Digestion and Absorption
Carbohydrates
Protein
Lipids
Vitamins
Elimination
Animals obtain nutrition from the consumption of other living organisms.
It can be classified into three categories:
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores

Herbivores
 Are the animals whos primary source of food is plant-based.
 Derived from latin “Herba” (‘small plant, herb’ and vora, from vorare ‘to
eat, devour’).
 Digestive sytem evolved to handle large amounts of plant material.

Carnivores
 Are animals that eat other animals (their meat).
 In Latin, it means “Meat Eater”

Omnivores
 Are animals that eath both plant and animal-derived food.
 In Latin, omnivore means to “Eat Everything”
Digestion and Absorption
 It is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.
(e discuss nganong important mana siya)
 It breakdown foods so large complex molecules of proteins,
polysaccharides, and lipids.
 The animal diet needs carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins and inorganic
components for nutritional balance.
Carbohydrates
 It is a biomolecule consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
 The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth.
Process of Breaking down food from Polysaccharides > Disaccharides >
Monosaccharides:
Starch
Glycogen
Polysaccharides
Sucrose
Maltose
Disaccharides
Glucose
Lactase
Sucrase
Maltase
Monosaccharides
Lactose
Glucose + Fuctose
Glucose + Galactose
Digestion of Carbohydrates
Site of
Action
Substrate
Acting On
End Products
Salivary
glands
Mouth
Polysaccharides
(Starch)
Disaccharides
(maltose),
Oligosaccharides
Pancreatic
Amylase
Pancreas
Small
Intestine
Polysaccharides
(Starch)
Disaccharides
(Maltose),
Monosaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Lining of the
intestine;
Brush border
membrane
Disaccharides
Monosaccharides
(e.g., glucose,
fructose,
galactose)
Enzyme
Produced By
Salivary
Amylase
Small
Intestine
Protein
 Large part of protein digestion takes place in the stomach.