SEABEE COMBAT
WARFARE
STUDY GUIDE
AS OF AUGUST 2006
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SEABEE WARFARE STUDY GUIDE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DOCTRINE FUNDAMENTALS __________________________________________ 4
Officer PQS 101 ____________________________________________________________ 4
NAVAL HERITAGE FUNDAMENTALS ___________________________________ 6
CC PQS 102 _______________________________________________________________ 6
ADMIN/COMMAND & CONTROL FUNDAMENTALS ______________________ 10
CC PQS 103 ______________________________________________________________ 10
NMCB PQS 101 ___________________________________________________________ 19
Officer PQS 102 ___________________________________________________________ 21
GENERAL SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS __________________________________ 24
CC PQS 104 ______________________________________________________________ 24
BASIC FIRST AID AND PERSONAL HYGIENE FUNDAMENTALS __________ 36
CC PQS 105 ______________________________________________________________ 36
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS/HAZARDOUS WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL
SAFETY _____________________________________________________________ 48
CC PQS 106 ______________________________________________________________ 48
HAZMAT LABELS ________________________________________________________ 52
SUPPLY/LOGISTICS FUNDAMENTALS _________________________________ 53
CC PQS 107 ______________________________________________________________ 53
NMCB PQS 102 ___________________________________________________________ 59
Officer PQS 103 ___________________________________________________________ 61
COMMUNICATION FUNDAMENTALS __________________________________ 65
CC PQS 108 ______________________________________________________________ 65
NMCB PQS 103 ___________________________________________________________ 68
Officer PQS 104 ___________________________________________________________ 73
COM PLAN ______________________________________________________________ 75
WEAPONS FUNDAMENTALS __________________________________________ 76
CC PQS 109 ______________________________________________________________ 76
NMCB PQS 104 ___________________________________________________________ 82
Officer PQS 109 ___________________________________________________________ 93
NMCB WEAPON SYSTEM CHART _________________________________________ 94
GENERAL MILITARY TACTICS FUNDAMENTALS _______________________ 96
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CC PQS 110 ______________________________________________________________ 96
Officer PQS 105 __________________________________________________________ 111
CONTNIGENCY OPERATIONS ________________________________________ 113
CC PQS 111 _____________________________________________________________ 113
NMCB PQS 106 __________________________________________________________ 116
Officer PQS 106 __________________________________________________________ 120
CBR WARFARE FUNDAMENTALS ____________________________________ 121
CC PQS 112 _____________________________________________________________ 121
DETAILED TROOP DECONTAMINATION _________________________________ 133
DETAILED EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION SITE _______________________ 134
EMBARK FUNDAMENTALS __________________________________________ 135
CC PQS 113 _____________________________________________________________ 135
NMCB PQS 105 __________________________________________________________ 139
Officer PQS 107 __________________________________________________________ 140
CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (CESE) FUNDAMENTALS _____ 142
CC PQS 114 _____________________________________________________________ 142
NMCB PQS 107 __________________________________________________________ 145
Officer PQS 108 __________________________________________________________ 148
SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS ___________________________________________ 150
CC PQS 115 _____________________________________________________________ 150
ACRONYMS_________________________________________________________ 151
Figure 1
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DOCTRINE FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 101
101.1 Discuss the different capabilities of Air Force, Army, and Marine Corps
engineering units
 Army
o Provides military troop construction support to the Air Force overseas
 Air Force
o Provides military troop engineer support to other services
 Marine Corp
o General engineering support to MAGTFs
101.2 Discuss the Naval Construction Force (NCF) Officer’s Role in support of a Joint
Task Force (JTF)
 Provide direct engineering support to the MAGTF
 Capabilities may be extended to
o MOOTW (military operation other than war)
o Humanitarian aid
o Disaster relief operations
101.3 Discuss the purpose of the following in relation to NCF Doctrine
 Naval Construction Force Support of Marine Air-Ground Task Force Operations
(NWP4-04.1)
o Enhance understanding between MAGTF and NCF Commanders
o Describe NCF missions, organizations and capabilities
o Allow effective integration, coordination and employment of Seabees in to
the MAGTF providing considerable combat service support force
multiplier for the MAGTF Commander
 Naval Civil Engineer Corps Operations NWP 4-04.2
o A doctrinal basis of Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Navy Civil
Engineer operations in support of JTF
o The mission, task, organization, and capabilities are describe to allow
Navy Civil Engineer capabilities in to JTF operations
 Unified Action Armed Forces (UNAAF-Jointpub0-2)
o Sets doctrine, principles and policy to govern joint activities and
performances of the Armed Forces of the United States
o Designates command relationships and authority military commanders can
use
o Provides doctrine, principles, and policy for exercising authority,
organizing joint forces
101.4 Define the following terms and discuss how they apply to NCF operations within
the MAGTF
 a.) MEU - Marine Expeditionary Unit
o Provides an immediate reaction capability to crisis.
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b.) MEF - Marine Expeditionary Force
o Task organized and tailored for any intensity of combat to any geographic
environment.
c.) MEF-F - Marine Expeditionary Force (Forward)
o Task organized and capable of conducting operations in low and midintensity conflict environments
d.) GCE - Ground Combat Element
o Tailored to conduct ground maneuver operations
o Constructed around a combat infantry unit
e.) ACE - Aviation Combat Element
o Tailored to conduct tactical air operations
o Constructed of aviation commands and their support
f.) LCE – Logistics Combat Element
o Provides combat service support beyond the organic capabilities of the
other elements. (ADP, supply, medical)
g.) CE - Command/Combat Element
o Headquarters. Established for effective planning and execution. A CEC
officer is attached to the CE, engineer staff.
h.) MSC - Military Sealift Command
o Asset to MAGTF for transportation of equipment
MEU
MEF-F
MEF
GCE
Battalion Landing
Team (BLT)
ACE
Helicopter
Squadron
Regimental
Landing Team
(RLT)
Marine Division
Marine Aviation
Group (MAG)
Marine Air Wing
(MAW)
LCE
Marine Service
Support Group
(MSSG)
Brigade Service
Support Group
(BSSG)
Force Service
Support Group
(FSSG)
NCF
AirDet/Dets
NMCB
NCR
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NAVAL HERITAGE FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 102
102.1 State the six areas of Naval Doctrine.
 Naval Warfare
o Naval Warfare describes the inherent nature and enduring principles of
naval forces
 Naval Intelligence
o Naval Intelligence points the way for intelligence support in meeting the
requirements of both regional conflicts and operations other than war
 Naval Operations
o Naval Operations develops doctrine to reaffirm thee Foundation of U. S.
Navy and Marine Corps Expeditionary maritime traditions
 Naval Logistics
o Naval Logistics, addresses the full range of logistical capabilities that are
essential in the support of naval forces
 Naval Planning
o Naval Planning examines force planning and the relationship between our
capabilities and operational planning in the joint and multinational
environment.
 Naval Command and Control
o Naval Command and Control, provides the basic concepts to fulfill the
information needs of commanders, forces, and weapon systems.
102.2 Describe the conditions that led to the formation of the U. S. Navy
 In the 1770’s, during the Revolutionary War, General George Washington
recognized the strategic importance of British resupply from the sea, and initiated
a sea offensive against the British. Washington’s armed vessels provided
significant support to colonial efforts, demonstrating the value of military
operations at sea.
 The initial continental fleet was comprised from converted merchantmen.
 As Congress continued to commission ships, notable leaders such as John Paul
Jones helped to develop a proud and capable Navy.
 Early fleets were manned by Marines as part of their ships’ crews.
 In essence, the first Marines were soldiers detailed for sea service.
 Post Revolutionary War:
 Both the Continental Navy and Marine Corps were disbanded
 1790 - Fleet of “ten boats for the collection of revenue” was authorized and
became commonly known as the Revenue Marine.
 1794 - Congress authorized the Department of War to construct fix frigates, for
the protection of American merchantmen against the Barbary corsairs.
 1798 - In response to renewed aggression by France during its war against Great
Britain, Congress finally established the Department of the Navy, authorized the
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Marine Corps, and began the first significant buildup of naval forces as we know
them today.
Three maritime services of today
o Navy
o Marine Corps
o Coast Guard
102.3 State the qualities that characterize the Navy/Marine corps team as instruments to
support national policies.
 These qualities are readiness, flexibility, self-sustainability, and mobility.
 These qualities permit naval forces to be expeditionary.
102.4 Describe the conditions that led to the creation of the Seabees.
 Prior to 1941, the Civil Engineer Corps used private contractors to accomplish all
overseas construction.
 The contractors, in turn, hired steelworkers, electricians, carpenters, draftsman,
and mechanics from private industry.
 The Navy realized that, in the event of war, civilian contractors and construction
workers could not be used very well outside our own country.
 As World War II drew near, there was an urgent need for more overseas bases.
 It became clear there was an urgent need for a combat trained Military
Construction Organization. Naval Construction Regiment composed of three
Naval Construction Battalions.
 The first construction units were organized early in January 1942, “Bobcats in
Bora Bora” in February 1942.
102.5 Describe the significance of March 5, 1942 as it pertains to the Seabees.
 The name Seabees is derived from the first construction battalions (CB’s) that
were organized early in January 1942.
 Officially, permission to use the name “Seabee” was granted on 05 March 1942.
102.6 Describe the significance of Admiral Ben Morrell and CM3 Marvin Shields
 Admiral Ben Moreell: (Father of the Seabees)
o Rear Admiral Ben Moreell, Chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks,
decided to activate, organize and man construction battalions after the
attack of Pearl Harbor, on 7 December 1941 and he requested specific
authority to carry out his decision.
o Fought to allow CEC officers to command Seabee units.
 CM3 Marvin Shields: Medal of Honor winner
o Member of Seabee Team 1104.
o The only Seabee in history to receive the Medal of Honor for his heroic
efforts in defense of a Special Forces Camp and Vietnamese District
Headquarters at Doug Zoai.
102.7 State the importance of planning to Naval Operations.
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Naval planning is fundamental to leadership. Planning provides the discipline to
focus on the objectives, intentions, capabilities, and resources required to
accomplish assigned missions. Planning also requires commanders to estimate the
capabilities of a potential adversary and to evaluate options.
102.8 State the significant contributions made by the Seabees during World War II,
Korea, Vietnam and Post Vietnam.
 World War II
o 325,000 men served in the Naval Construction Force during WWII.
o The Seabees built over 400 advance bases along five figurative roads to
victory.
o Constructed fuel tank farms, airfields, supply depots, and other facilities
for supporting actions in the Coral Sea and Solomon Islands.
o In the Pacific the Seabees built 111 major airstrips, 441 piers, 2,558
ammunition magazines, 700 square blocks of warehouses, hospitals for
70,000 patients, tanks for storing 100,000 gallons of gasoline and housing
for 1,500,000 men.
o At Espiritu Santo in the New Hebrides, Seabees constructed a 5,000 foot
airstrip from virgin jungle in 20 days.
 Korea
o In Korea the Seabees rose to the challenge of the Cold War. At the Inchon
landing in September, 1950, Seabees positioned pontoon causeways
within hours of the first beach assault and did it while under continuous
enemy fire and in the face of enormously and strong tides.
o The Seabees were given 35 days to complete an airstrip in Wonson; they
had the strip ready in 16 days. While building the strip the Seabees were
under constant artillery bombardment from enemy forces on neighboring
islands.
 Vietnam
o The first full Seabee battalion arrived in Vietnam on 7 May 1965 to build
an expeditionary airfield for the Marines at Chu Lai.
o Seabees built schools, hospitals, utilities systems, roads and other
community facilities.
 Post Vietnam
o The post-Vietnam Seabees were involved in new construction frontiers:
the Indian Ocean, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Europe, on the
ocean floor, and in most of the oceans of the globe.
o One of the major peacetime projects undertaken by Seabees after Vietnam
was the development construction, and operation of a United States naval
Communications Station on Diego Garcia.
102.9 Identify and explain the purpose of BU, CE, CM, EA, EO, SW and UT
 Builder (BU) Rating:
o Perform construction, maintenance, and repair of wood, concrete, masonry
structures, and concrete pavement.
 Construction Electrician (CE) Rating:
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o Install, operate, service, and overhaul electrical generating and distribution
systems.
Construction Mechanic (CM) Rating:
o Perform maintenance, repair, and overhaul of automotive, materialhandling, and construction equipment.
Engineering Aid (EA) Rating:
o Engineering Aids Perform construction surveying, drafting, planning,
estimating, and quality control.
Equipment Operator (EO) Rating:
o Perform operation of automotive material-handling, weight-handling, and
construction equipment.
Steelworker (SW) Rating: Steelworkers
o Perform fabrication, assemble, erect, position, and join structural
materials
Utilitiesman (UT) Rating:
o Perform maintenance, and repair of plumbing, heating, steam,
compressed air, fuel storage, water treatment and distribution systems, air
conditioning, refrigeration equipment, sewage collecting and disposal
facilities
102.10 State the purpose of the Civil Engineer Corps
 Officially named and authorized in 1867, but Civil Engineers used throughout
Navy history.
 BUDOCKS established in 1842 to administer to naval bases.
 BUDOCKS is now called NAVFAC (Naval Facilities Engineering Command).
 Modern day CEC is responsible for planning construction (45% of CEC billets),
and public works functions (45%) at Navy and Marine Corps bases worldwide,
and for leading the NCF (10%).
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ADMIN/COMMAND & CONTROL FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 103
103.1 Describe the following as they apply to the administrative chain of command
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Secretary of the Navy
o Civilian in charge of the Department of the Navy
o Under the direction and control of the Secretary of Defense. (SECDEF)
o Responsible for the policies and control of the Department of the Navy
(DON).
Chief of Naval Operations (CNO)
o Senior military officer of the DON and outranks all other naval officers,
unless another naval officer is serving as the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff (JCS).
o Principle naval advisor to the President and SECNAV on the conduct of war.
Fleet Commander in Chief (CINC)
o Commanders of operational forces
 CINCPACFLT
 CINCLANTFLT
 CINCUSNAVEUR
 CINCEUR
Naval Construction Regiment (NCR)
o Exercise administrative and operational control of assigned NMCBs
ADCON
 SECNAV
 CNO
 CINC
 1ST NCD
 NCR (22ND)
OPCON
 PRESIDENT
 SEC. DEFENSE
 JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF
103.2. Describe the role of the Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy, Fleet Master
Chief, Force Master Chief and Command Master Chief
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MCPON
o Navy’s senior enlisted member, assigned to Chief of Naval Personnel for three
years
o Senior enlisted advisor to the Chief of Naval Operations and the Chief of
Naval Personnel
Master Chief Petty Officers
Special Positions
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The fleet and force master chief petty officers and the command master chief
petty officers function as principal enlisted advisers to unit commanders and
commanding officers.
103.3 Describe Duties and responsibilities of the Commanding Officer, Executive
Officer; Command Master Chief, S-1, S-2, S-3, S-4, S-6, S-7, Company Commander,
Platoon Commander, Right Guide, Squad Leader and Fire Team Leader:
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Commanding Officer
o The Commanding Officer is directly responsible for the timely preparedness
and successful completion of all construction projects and disaster recovery
operations assigned to the NCF unit by higher authority.
Executive Officer
o The Executive Officer is the direct representative of, and principal assistant to,
the Commanding Officer.
o He/she executes the policies and instructions of the Commanding Officer.
o While in the execution of his/her duties, the Executive Officer takes
precedence over all persons under the command of the Commanding Officer.
Command Master Chief
o The Command Master Chief not only provides the Commanding Officer with
a senior enlisted assistant but, most important, provides a direct channel for
communications between the enlisted personnel and the command on
problems or questions that cannot be resolved though normal command
channels.
S-1 Administrative Officer
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The Battalion Administrative and Personnel Officer is the senior assistant to
the Executive Officer for administrative details and personnel administration.
He prepares admin reports and maintains tickler file on recurring reports. It is
normally divided into two sections, Administrative and Personnel.
 Administrative Section
• Reports
• Mail
• Clerical Pool
• Officer Records
• Directives
• Classified Material
• Legal
 Personnel Section
• Enlisted Service Records
• Personnel Accounting
• Check In/Out
S-2 Intelligence Officer
o Maintain library of contingency plans and maps
o Supporting plans for combat support and disaster recovery
o Operate the armory
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S-3 Operations Officer (QC & EA)
o The Operations Officer is responsible to the Commanding Officer to plan,
schedule and manage the construction, combat and disaster preparedness
programs and Ops.
o In keeping with the responsibility, he is granted direct supervisory authority
over the utilization of the battalion’s construction resources; personnel,
equipment and materials.
o Evaluation of received OPORDS, prepare internal OPORDS for battalion
S-4 Supply Officer
o The responsibilities are to procure, receive, store, issue, ship, transfer and
account for supply items, equipage, repair parts and construction materials.
o Operation of the Enlisted Dining Facility and disbursement and accounting for
funds for battalion purchases and military pay are also functions of the S-4.
o Operates barber shop, central store room, central tool room and mail system.
S-6 Communications Officer
o Responsible for tactical communications training, equipment, and procedures
o Responsible for installation, training, and maintenance of all ADP equipment
S-7 Training Officer
o Scheduling and monitoring technical and military training in the NMCB.
o Schedules classrooms, ranges, and spaces for training
o Prepares homeport training plan
Company Commander
o The Company Commander is responsible for the administration of the
company. The responsibilities include the following.
o Morale and welfare of the men and women assigned to the company.
o Training and readiness of the company
o Economical use of materials and funds.
o Safety
o Recreation
o Discipline of the men and women within the company
o Directives, correspondence and reporting.
Company Chief
o Normally the senior enlisted person in the company.
o Enforcing the policies of the Company Commander
o Supervision and administration of the company
o Inspect company berthing and work spaces
o Provide guidance and counsel to company personnel
Platoon Commander
o The platoon commander is generally a chief petty officer.
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He/she is responsible for the training, discipline, control, and tactical
deployment of the platoon.
In addition the platoon commander is responsible for the overall planning,
scheduling, safety, quality controls, and project management of those projects
assigned to the platoon by the Company Commander.
Right Guide
o The platoon right guide is generally a first class petty officer who performs
the administrative functions the platoon commander may direct.
o He/she is responsible for the supply and timely re-supply of the platoon in
combat and often performs a similar task on the job site.
Squad Leader
o The squad leader is generally a first class petty officer.
o He/she carries out the orders of the platoon commander and is responsible to
him/her for the discipline, appearance, training, control, and conduct of the
squad at all times.
o In combat, he/she has the important responsibilities of fire discipline, fire
control, and maneuvering the squad.
Fire Team Leader
o The fire team leader, generally a second class petty officer, carries out the
orders of the squad leader and is responsible for the effective employment of
the fire team.
o His/her primary responsibility is to control the fire team in combat.
o In addition the fire team leader is responsible for the care and condition of the
weapons and equipment of the fire team.
103.4 Describe the Mission of the Naval Construction Forces
 First Naval Construction Division (1st NCD)
o Admin and Op commander for six Naval Construction Regiments and two
Seabee Readiness Groups, which encompass about 18,000 active duty and
reserve Navy Seabees. These commands are responsible for Naval Mobile
Construction Battalions, Construction Battalion Units, Underwater
Construction Teams, Construction Battalion Maintenance Units and a
Naval Construction Force Support Unit.
 Seabee Readiness Group (SRG)
o Administrative and Tactical Control of homeported Naval Construction
Battalions, provide Military and technical training for active and reserve
units of the FIRSTNCD, and ensure maximum effectiveness and
operational readiness of all Atlantic Fleet (LANTFLT) units of the Naval
Construction Force (NCF).
o 20th SRG (Gulfport) and 31st SRG (Port Hueneme)
 Naval Construction Regiment (NCR)
o Admin and Op control of two or more Naval Mobile Construction
Battalions or other Naval Construction Force units while at home port
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operating in a specific geographic area or operating in support of a specific
military operation.
o The Naval Construction Regiment assists the NMCBs in achieving the
highest possible state of readiness to meet their disaster recovery,
contingency, and wartime missions of military construction support of the
armed forces.
o 22nd NCR (Gulfport – active), 30th NCR (Port Hueneme – active), 1st
NCR, 3rd NCR, 7th NCR, and 9th NCR (Reserves).
Naval Mobile Construction Battalions (NMCB)
o Provide responsive military construction support to Navy, Marine Corps
and other forces in military operations, construct base facilities and
conduct defensive operations. In addition to standard wood, steel, masonry
and concrete construction, NMCBs also perform specialized construction
such as water well drilling and battle damage repair. They are able to work
and defend themselves at construction sites outside of their base camp and
convoy through unsecured areas. In times of emergency or disaster,
NMCBs conduct disaster control and recovery operations. There are eight
active duty and twelve reserve NMCBs.
o Gulfport (active) – NMCB ONE, SEVEN, SEVENTY FOUR, and ONE
THIRTY THREE.
o Port Hueneme (active) – NMCB THREE, FOUR, FIVE, and FORTY
o Reserves – NMCB 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28
Naval Amphibious Construction Battalion (ACB)
o Provide ship to shore transportation of fuel, materials, and equipment in
support of Amphibious Ready Group, Marine Expeditionary Force and
Brigade sized operations, and Maritime Propositioned Force (MPF)
operations. Transport of equipment and materials is accomplished
primarily by means of barge ferry operations. ACB's construct elevated
and floating causeway piers, installs ship to shore fueling systems, erects
1300 man camps, and provides camp support, perimeter defense, and
construction support.
o ACB ONE (San Diego) and ACB (Little Creek)
Underwater Construction Teams (UCT)
o Provides construction, inspection and repair of ocean facilities such as
wharves, piers, underwater pipelines, moorings, boat ramps, etc. They are
capable of diving to 190 feet using scuba or surface supplied air to
perform work underwater.
o UCT ONE and TWO (active)
Construction Battalion Unit (CBU)
o Construction Battalion Units were decommissioned in 2004 and
reorganized as Detachments of the two Construction Battalion
Maintenance Units (CBMU).
Construction Battalion Maintenance Unit (CBMU)
o The Construction Battalion Maintenance Units operate, maintain, and
repair public works and utilities at an already established advance base or
at a recently constructed base after the departure of the NMCB that built it.
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o In addition the CBMU maintains security against unfriendly acts and is
capable of conducting its own defenses. The unit also provides limited
construction support for the base, for civic action programs, and for selfhelp projects. The unit also participates in disaster recovery operations.
o CBMU 303 (West Coast) and 202 (East Coast)
Naval Construction Force Support Unit Two (NCFSU 2)
o A reserve unit, they provide augment construction, engineering and
logistics and specialized equipment support for a Naval Construction
Regiment and other units.
Civic Action Team (CAT)
o A Civic Action Team is a small, highly mobile, air transportable
construction unit that can be tailored to accomplish a variety of
construction tasks.
o Teams carry enough food, tool kits, and automotive and construction
equipment to be self-sufficient in the field while performing their
construction tasks.
103.6 Describe the purpose of Operation Plan (OPLAN) Operational orders (OPORDS),
and Warning Orders
 Operational Plan, (OPLAN) is a detailed statement of a course of action to be
followed to accomplish a future mission.
 Operational Order, (OPORDS), may be oral, dictated, or in written form.
o The most important determining factor of the form and the method of issuing
an OPORD is time available for its preparation and distribution.
o Puts OPLAN into effect
 Warning Order gives advance notice that a unit is to be moved.
o If time permits, the order is usually issued about 90 days in advance of the
departure date. This time period allows subordinate units time to prepare for
the move.
 Execution Order initiates supply personnel and admin procedures required for a
unit move.
103.7 State the purpose and discuss the contents of the Enlisted Distribution
Verification Report (EDVR).
 Enlisted Distribution Verification Report (EDVR) is a monthly statement of a
command's enlisted personnel account.
 The EDVR is distributed monthly by the Enlisted Personnel Management Center
(EPMAC).
 This document lists all personnel assigned.
 Summary by distribution community of the present and future manning status of
the activity.
 Common reference for communicating manning status between an activity and its
Manning Control Authority (MCA).
 Statement of account for verification by the Personnel and Pay Services Unit
Identification
 Permanent historical record of an activity's enlisted personnel account.
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103.8 Explain the use of the naval message and e-mail
 Naval Message - Written documents to pass or receive information to and from
other units which requires an immediate response.
o R: Routine – 6 hours
o P: Priority – 3 hours
o O: Immediate – 30 minutes
o Z: Flash – ASAP, less than 10 minutes
 Electronic mail (E-Mail) - lets individuals and activities exchange information by
computer.
o You may use it for informal communications in place of telephone calls or
to transmit formal correspondence within DOD.
103.9 Explain what the Page 2, Page 4 and Page 13 in the enlisted service record are and
what entries are made in each
 PAGE 2
o Dependency Application Record of Emergency Data.
o The page 2 is a multipurpose form for both officer and enlisted members.
o Part I serves as an application for dependency allowances and is used to
record military spouse data.
o Part II provides an immediately accessible, up-to-date record of
emergency data for casualty reporting and notification of the next of kin
 PAGE 4
o Enlisted Qualification History.
o The page 4 consists of chronological history of your occupational and
training related qualifications and your awards and commendations.
 PAGE 13
o Administrative remarks.
o Serves as a chronological record of significant miscellaneous entries that
are not provided for elsewhere in the service record.
o Also used to provide more detailed Information to clarify entries on other
pages of the service record.
103.10 Describe the purpose and general rules of Personnel counseling and Performance
counseling
• Personnel Counseling: Not every problem requires referral; often things can be
solved by the member’s Chain of Command
o But, know when referral is necessary
o drugs/alcohol
o behavioral disorders
o psychological problem
• Performance Counseling: Required for:
o advancement in rate
o qualification for retention and reenlistment
o selection for responsible assignments
o selection for special training
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o awards
o type of discharge received
Individual Rights
o submit input
o make a statement
103.11 Explain the use of a Report and Disposition of Offense(s) (NAVPERS Form
1626/7).
 Reports offenses
 Advises rights to accused
 Serves as preliminary inquiry
 Records XOI results
 Records CO’s mast results
103.12 Explain the purpose of the following:
• Operation Report (OPREP)
o Significant event likely to draw national attention.
o Will likely have impact on Navy Operations, and/or fatalities in the line of
duty.
• Situation Report (SITREP)
o Used if local interest is expected and minimal impact to Navy Operations
will result from the incident.
o Event not likely to draw national attention (auto accident)
• Logistical Requirements (LOGREQ)
o Reports are used by a command to report logistical requirements to higher
headquarters.
o Format for the report will be issued by the higher unit in the operation.
• Status of Requirement and Training Support (SORTS)
o SORTS is a unit reporting format utilized to summarize a unit’s training
and operational readiness to higher headquarters and the theater
commanders (CINC).
103.13 Explain the difference between a security clearance and access
• Clearance--Administrative action that individual can be trusted with classified
material.
• Access-- No one has a right to have access to classified information solely
because of rank, position, or security clearance. Access is base on persons need
to know.
103.14 Describe the Seabee Skills Assessment Program (SSAP).

Continuous updating of a member’s skills
o individual general skills (related to two or more ratings)
o individual rating skills
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o
o
o
individual special skills
military skills
crew skills (construction skills)
103.15 Describe the command relationship between a Naval Construction Force unit
and a Marine Air/Ground Task Force (MAGTF) unit.
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The MARINE AIR GROUND TASK FORCE (MAGTF) is a combined arms force
of varying size made up of Fleet Marine Force and Naval Elements, and includes
infantry, artillery, armor, engineer, reconnaissance, aviation and logistics
components.
The four MAGTF elements are as follows:
o Command Element (CE).
o Ground Combat Element (GCE).
o Aviation Combat Element (ACE)
o Logistics Combat Element (LCE).
The seven primary MAGTF Engineer assets are:
o Seabees.
o Engineer Support Battalion.
o Combat Engineer Battalion.
o Host nation support.
o MWSG / MWSS.
o Joint / combined.
o Civilian Contractor
103.16 Explain your responsibilities and conduct required as a combatant under the
Laws of Armed Conflict
• Combatants carry weapons and participate in military operations
• Noncombatants (civilians, medical, chaplains) don’t
• Do not attack enemy troops who are wounded, sick, or surrender
• Medical care to captured enemy troops
• Do not take personal property from captured enemy troops
• Captives may perform work, but nothing that assists your war effort
• Use appropriate level of force, avoid protected property
• Don’t alter weapons to cause more suffering, don’t use poison weapons
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ADMIN/COMMAND & CONTROL FUNDAMENTALS
NMCB PQS 101
101.1 Describe the function of the following companies within the battalion.
• Alfa Company (EO & CM)
o Is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the automotive,
construction and materials-handling equipment assigned to the battalion.
o Made up of three platoons:
 Equipment Operations (Transportation)
 Equipment Operations (Projects) - Horizontal construction
 Equipment Support (Mechanics Shops)
• Bravo Company (UT, CE, and some BU and SW’s)
o Is responsible for water, sanitary sewer, and power distribution systems,
fuel systems, and communications projects.
o Bravo Company serves as a mini public works department providing for
maintenance and operation of the unit’s camp.
• Charlie/Delta Company
o Are the NMCB's general construction company.
o Responsible for prime contracts and an occasional subcontract; normally
equal in strength and capabilities; they function as prime contractors for
vertical construction.
• Headquarters Company
o Is the administrative and military organization for all enlisted personnel
assigned to the NMCB's executive and special staffs.
o The Headquarters Company provides support to the line companies in
construction and disaster recovery operations.
101.2 Describe the duties and responsibilities of the Special Staff (X codes)
 Chaplain (X-1): An Officer of the Chaplain Corps, responsible for the
performance of all duties relating to religious activities.
 Medical Officer (X-4): The Battalion Medical Officer is responsible for
maintaining the health of the personnel of the command.
 Dental Officer (X-2): An Officer of the Dental Corps is assigned to the Battalion
as a member of the staff and head of the Battalion Dental department.
 Disaster Preparedness Officer: To be informed of the most current disaster control
and recovery techniques
 Embarkation Officer: Orderly and efficient embarkation of the entire NMCB or
any portion thereof.
 Legal Officer (X-3): Interpretation and application of the Uniform Code of
Military Justice
 Ordnance Officer: Responsible for maintenance, issue, and control of weapons,
ammunition and infantry equipment.
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Public Affairs Officer: Handles any major news items, request photographs as
required and keep scrapbook on battalion activities.
Security Officer: Determines the adequacy of physical security in the command.
Special Services Officer: Administers the Battalion’s (MWR)
Marine Advisor: Provides advice in the areas of military training, small arms and
defensive tactics.
Chief Master-at-arms: Assists the Executive Officer in maintaining good order
and discipline.
Career Counselor: Readiness of the Navy depends upon the retention of well
trained and highly qualified personnel who will reenlist for career service.
101.4 State the purpose of and describe the following.
 Combat Operation Center
o The COC is used to maintain command and control of battalion in tactical
environment
o Manned by watch standers at CBR, Operations, and Fire Support
Coordinator board, plus communicators and watch officer
 Alternate COC
o Alternate COC--requires same information and set-up as COC; assumes
control of battalion if COC is destroyed
 Field Exercise (FEX)
o Real time tactical scenario which exercises battalion’s embark, tactical,
and command and control functions
 Air Detachment
o NMCB Rapid Response Force
o 89 personnel, 35-45 pieces of CESE, but usually task organized
o Ready to fly in 48 hours from receipt of a warning order
o Can accomplish all missions of a battalion, but on a smaller scale
ROC’s and POE’s
 Required Operational Capabilities. Describes the mission areas we should be able
to perform, tasks in each mission area.
 Projected Operating Environment. Describes what environment we should be
able to perform in.
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ADMIN/COMMAND & CONTROL FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 102
102.1 Discuss the main elements contained in a Judge Advocate General (JAG)
investigation and when to conduct an investigation
 There are three types of investigations.
o Command Investigations
o Litigation-Report Investigations
o Courts and Boards of Inquiry
 Command Investigation
o To gather, analyze, and record relevant information about an incident or
event of primary interest of command authorities
 Conducted for the following reasons:
 Significant property losses.
 Possible misconduct, disease or injury leading to permanent
disability or inability to perform duty exceeding 24 hours.
 Death of military or civilian personnel caused by suicide or
unusual circumstance.
 Aircraft incidents, grounding, flooding, fires and collisions
which are not major incidents.
 Litigation-Report Investigation
o Prepare to defend the legal interest of the Department and the United
States against claims or civil litigation
 Conducted for the following reasons:
 Conducted under direction of a judge advocate.
 Conducted primarily for claims or litigation.
 Same reasons as that of a command investigation.
 Incidents which cause significant damage to the
environment.
 Courts and Boards of Inquiry
o Use a hearing procedure and should be reserved for the investigation of
major incidents, serious, significant events.
 Main Elements of Investigation
o Responsible for initiating
 Generally an officer in charge.
 Another command upon request.
 The nearest command.
 Incidents involving Marine Corps personnel.
o Convening Order
 Official letter from the convening authority to the investigation.
 Recites the specific purposes of the inquiry.
 Contains explicit instruction about scope.
o Method
 Convened in writing and collects evidence.
 May contain sworn statement.
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 One or more investigators.
o Time limitations
 Due normally in 30 days of convening order
 Completed in 20 days for deaths.
o Evidence and Witnesses
102.2 Discuss the Status of Resources and Training System (SORTS) and the different
levels of readiness.
 Principal report to provide status data to the National Command Authority.
 Not used as a performance appraisal of a Command Officer.
 Overall picture of Units combat readiness at the time of report.
 There are two sections, Part I and Part II.
 Individual reports classified CONFIDENTIAL.
 Trends classified SECRET.
 Reporting requirements
o Upon departure of AP and arrival of MB.
o Departure of Air Det, but not for exercises.
o In response to a Navy sorts Quarterly Evaluation.
o Within 4 hr of a change in C/M status
o Change in unit structure strength of plus or minus 5 %.
o Change of command.
o Upon request from higher authority.
 Categories and Mission Areas
o 4 primary mission areas (PRMAR): M ratings
 CCC- command, control and communication
 CON- construction
 MOB- mobility
 FSO-fleet support operations
o 4 categories: C ratings
 PER-personnel
 SUP- supply
 EQP-equipment
 TNG-training
 Level of Readiness
o M/C1- capable of performing FULL wartime mission.
o M/C2- capable of performing BULK of wartime mission.
o M/C3- capable of performing MAJOR portions of wartime mission.
o M/C4- requires additional resources and /or training in order to undertake
wartime mission.
o M/C5- undergoing a service-directed resource change and not prepared for
wartime mission.
102.3 Define the following terms and discuss the differences between them.
 OPCON
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o Gaining commander receives complete authoritative direction over
assigned units for operational matters and has responsibility for all matters
except logistics, admin, discipline, internal organization, and unit training.
o Defined as the authority to assign tasks, to designate objectives, and to
give any specific directions necessary to accomplish a mission. If
required, a specific date for mission completion may be specified.
ADCON
o Gaining commander receives authoritative direction in respect to
administrative matters such as personnel management, supply, services,
and other matters not included in the operational mission.
o Defined as the coordination of training, project selection, logistic support,
movement of personnel and equipment, furnishing services, supplies, and
materials for assigned units.
TACON
o Gaining commander receives temporary tactical authority over the unit
assigned to him or located in his area. He may tactically direct the unit or
plan its employment while assigned or located in his area to complete
assigned mission or tasking.
102.4 Discuss the differences between a unit providing general support to another unit
and one providing direct support to another unit.
 Direct support (DS) is were a parent command provides support to another unit,
were as general support (GS) provides support to their own parent commander’s
force as a whole.
 For DS, communications are established between units but not necessary with GS
units.
 For DS, the supported unit is relieved of the admin and logistic burdens not the
case for GS.
 For DS, the parent command must provide consistent support by established
plans, in a GS, the commander retains control of organic assets and attached
elements and uses them to benefit the parent command as a whole.
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GENERAL SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 104
104.1 Explain the responsibilities of the following personnel as applied to safety:
• Commanding Officer
o Overall responsible for the safety and health of all military and civilian
personnel within the Battalion, the safe use and condition of equipment, and
the protection of all government property.
o Ensures compliance with established procedures and work practices.
o Ensures OSH councils and committees are formed at appropriate command
levels.
o Ensures compliance with current instructions and regulations.
o Ensures all work places receive a safety inspection at least annually.
o Establishes a Hazard Abatement Program.
o Establishes NAVOSH education and training programs.
o Coordinates occupational health support with the cognizant Naval Hospital or
Regional Medical Center.
o Reviews and signs the Annual Safety Report.
 Executive Officer
o Chairman of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Counsel.
o Assumes the Commanding Officer’s responsibilities in his absence.
o Enforces the Commanding Officer’s safety policies and procedures.
 Safety Officer
o Advises the CO on matters pertaining to safety, manages the command safety
program, investigates mishaps, monitors projects, shops, and special
evolutions for compliance with safety standards.
o Organizationally on the immediate staff of the CO. A full time assignment.
o Maintains complete and accurate records on the accident, injury, occupational
illness rate of unit and submits annual mishap summaries to Brigade.
o Develops accident prevention and loss control measures and programs.
o Conducts safety and accident investigations, analyzes reports of occupational
injuries and or property damage to identify factors or trends.
o Prepares specific safety rules and regulations for approval by the CO.
o Instruction verification.
o Reviews and approves all project general and specific safety plans.
o Organizes and conducts safety inspections and surveys to identify violations,
hazards, and deficiencies in operations, facilities, and equipment.
o Records safety and health violations through an aggressive Hazard Abatement
Program.
o Coordinates actions and follows up on corrective measures taken.
o Maintains liaison with planning and design officials.
o Assists supervisors in developing and conducting safety training. Provides
consultation services, advice, and guidance.
o Technical authority in the procurement of PPE.
o Conducts hazard analysis of project/shop operations and develops safe
working standards and conditions.
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o Consults and maintains liaison with key personnel during various planning
evaluations.
o Submits minutes of OSH Policy and Safety Supervisor committee meetings to
the Commanding Officer for review.
o TRAINS, EDUCATES, TRACKS, INSPECTS, AND FOLLOWS UP.
Department Heads/Company Commanders
o Responsible for safety within their areas of responsibility, enforce safety
standards. Are assigned as members of the OSH Counsel.
o Ensures all safety regulations are complied with.
o Promotes and strengthens the safety program through all levels of supervision
by establishing internal training procedures.
o Plans all work with regards to safety and the safety related equipment or
materials needed.
o Supervises and monitors staff to ensure full compliance with all safety rules
and regulations.
o Picks the right person for the job at hand and ensures they are trained.
o Reviews work procedures and takes positive action to correct all hazards.
o Ensures proper tracking of all training and the complete and thorough
investigation of all mishaps with timely submissions.
Supervisors
o Responsible for the safety of their personnel, develop safety plans, enforce
safety standards, ensure adequate PPE is available and worn.
o Be familiar with safety rules and regulations for jobs and facilities in your
area.
o Enforces safety rules and immediately corrects any unsafe act or noted
deficiency.
o Inspects jobs and work areas for hazards and unsafe work habits.
o Educates and trains personnel, sets the example.
o Reports all mishaps in a timely manner.
o Investigates all mishaps, determines the basic causes, and takes corrective
actions to prevent repetitive mishaps.
o Knows personnel limitations, assigns the right person to the task at hand.
o Posts appropriate signs and warnings.
o Monitor safety within their Company/Department/Detail. Initiate preliminary
mishap investigation within their area of responsibility.
 Principle advisor to Company Commander/Department Head/DET OIC.
 Normally an E-6 or above, must have attended the Safety Managers
Course.
Crewleaders
o Key people in a successful and aggressive safety program. Responsibilities
include but are not limited to:
 Being familiar with safety rules and regulations
 Enforcing safety rules and correcting unsafe acts.
 Educating and training personnel
 Reporting all mishaps and near misses
 Ensuring the correct personal protective equipment
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All Hands
o Responsible for their own safety and the safety of their “Shipmates”.
o Everyone should be aware of the hazards to which they are exposed and
precautionary measures to prevent personal injury or property damage.
o Reports to work well rested and emotionally prepared for the task at hand.
o Understands and follows safety and health precautions pertinent to work
areas.
o Reports to immediate supervisor any unsafe conditions or acts.
104.2 Explain the functions of the:
 Safety Policy Committee (OSH Counsel)
o Chaired by the Executive Officer.
o Meets every month while on deployment, and quarterly while in Homeport.
o Utilized to discuss or investigate safety problems, monitor health programs,
develop recommendations for approval by the CO.
o Tracks mishap trends and looks ahead for possible areas of concern.
o Reviews the minutes of the Safety Supervisors committee meeting and directs
appropriate action to ensure compliance with all instructions.
o Keeps the CO informed of problems and corrective actions taken.
o Consists of XO (Chairman), Safety Officer, S-1, S-3, S-4, S-7, Medical
Officer, All Company Commanders and DET OIC’s.
 Safety Supervisors Committee (OSH Committee)
o Consists of Safety Officer (Chairman), Safety Assistant, All
Company/Department/DET Safety Representatives, License Examiner and
HAZMAT Coordinator.
o Each member is responsible for performing the following functions:
 Attends each month and more often if deemed necessary.
 Participates in the exchange of information and follow on action requests.
o Proposes safety policy or procedure recommendations to the OSH Policy
Committee.
o The committee reviews mishap trends, and makes recommendations to the
Counsel for policy changes.
o Advises the Safety Office staff of the command safety policy’s effectiveness
and influence on the command climate.
o Coordinates and reviews stand-up safety lectures and other job site
procedures.
104.3 Explain the purpose of a mishap investigation and who’s responsible for
conducting it
 Mishap Investigations
o The U.S. Navy documents the loss of millions of dollars each year on
accidental damage, fatalities, injuries, and occupational illness. Mishaps
lower operational readiness and waste tax dollars.
o It is the CO’s/OIC’s responsibility to conduct mishap investigations and report
all reportable injuries, fatalities, and occupational illnesses occurring within
their command or involving personnel attached to their command.
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o When mishaps occur in remote areas, the activity nearest the scene will
initiate the notification process, notify the parent command and investigate the
mishap if not relieved by the parent command.
Mishap Definitions
o Mishap: Any unplanned or unexpected event causing personnel injury,
occupational illness, death, material loss or damage, or an explosion of any
kind whether damage occurs or not.
o Near Mishap: When injury or damages were avoided merely by chance or
circumstance.
o Hazardous Condition: A condition which if allowed to go unchecked or
uncorrected, has the potential to cause a mishap.
Mishap Categories
o Personnel/ Injury/ Death (PID)/Occupational Illness.
 Fatality.
 Lost workday Case: Lost time case which prevents a military person from
performing regularly established duty for a period of 24 hours or more,
subsequent to 2400 on the day of the injury or onset of illness.
 Man overboard: all cases.
 Electric Shock: All cases afloat, any case ashore resulting in medical
treatment or attention and any case ashore resulting from equipment
design deficiency.
 Chemical/ Toxic Exposure/ Oxygen Deficiency: All cases requiring
medical exam or attention.
o Fatalities and lost workday injuries resulting from explosives, private motor
vehicle accidents, or diving.
o Mishaps causing repair or replacement cost of $10,000.00 or more to
equipment. Some special cases require reporting no matter the cost involved.
 Fire: except small trash or similar fires with no personnel or material
damage.
 Flooding: all cases on afloat commands.
 Grounding: all cases on afloat commands.
 Explosion: involving non-nuclear explosives, explosive ordnance, or
chemical agents.
o Motor Vehicle (MV): Falls into two categories (Government-GMV/Privately
owned-PMV).
 GMV: Reportable with at least $1,000.00 property damage, a fatality or
lost time injury, or fatality or injury requiring treatment greater then first
aid to any non-DOD personnel.
 PMV: Traffic mishap, regardless of identity, which does not involve a
GMV, but results in a fatality or lost time injury to military personnel.
Mishap Injury Categories
o Diving: Involves fatality, lost time or illness due to decompression.
o Fatal Injury or Occupational Illness: Results in death from a mishap or
complications arising from illness due to occupational exposure.
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o Permanent Total Disability: Non-fatal injury or illness, which in the opinion
of competent medical authority permanently incapacitates a person so no
gainful employment can be gained.
o Permanent Partial Disability: Non-fatal injury or illness, in the opinion of a
competent medical authority, resulting in the loss or permanent impairment of
any part of the body.
o Lost Time Case: Non-fatal traumatic injury that causes any loss of time from
work beyond the day or shift it occurred, or a non-fatal, non-traumatic
illness/disease that causes disability at any time.
o No Lost Time Case: Non-fatal traumatic injury or occupational illness/disease
that does not meet the definition of a lost time case.
o First Aid Case: Specific type of no lost time case. One or more visits to a
medical facility for examination or treatment during on-duty hours, where no
medical expense is incurred.
104.4 Explain the different types of eye protection and when are they required.
 Sight Conservation Program
o All Navy activities that expose personnel to eye hazards shall have a sight
conservation program with the following as a minimum:
 Identification and evaluation of eye hazard.
 Prescription protective eye wear program.
 Procurement and maintenance of safety glasses.
 Training for employees.
 Effective program enforcement.
• Types of eye protection:
o Goggles.
o Safety glasses.
o Face shields.
o Permanents walls.
o Temporary/ movable shields.
• Signs must be posted in all eye hazard areas.
• Different Types Goggles/Glasses and Uses
o Safety goggles: Protect from flying particles and dust.
o Chemical goggles: Protect from splashing liquids, (acids, solvents, etc.)
o Safety glasses: Protect from flying particles (Impact, debris)
o Welding glasses/goggles: Protect from Ultraviolet radiation (arc flash).
o Overspectacle glasses (plano’s): Protect from flying particles and impact
worn over prescription glasses.
o Safety eye wear should be worn in any of the above situations.
104.5 Explain the Hearing Conservation Program and when personnel are required to be
enrolled.
• Goal is to prevent occupational hearing loss and ensure auditory fitness for duty
in the military and civilian workforce.
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Noises greater than 84 dba and peak noises greater than 140 dba require hearing
protection. (ear plugs or ear muffs)
Noises greater than 104 dba require double hearing protection. (ear plugs and
muffs)
Personnel are enrolled in the Hearing Conservation Program when they are
exposed to noises greater than 84 dba for an 8 hour time weighted average based
on a 40 hour work week.
Personnel enrolled in the program must have a baseline hearing test (audiogram)
and annual testing while in the program.
When a person is removed from the program they must be tested for
documentation of hearing capability.
Meeting the goal.
o Noise Measure and Analysis.
o Survey work environments.
o Engineering Control
.
o Reduction of noise at the source.
o Hearing Protective devices.
Audiometer.
o Baseline completed at MEPS.
o Yearly testing on personnel exposed to 84 dB daily.
o Five years for personnel not exposed to 84 dB daily.
Education.
o Every one will receive yearly training.
104.6 Explain the different types of hearing protection and when are they required.
• Insert type: Ear plugs
• Circumaural type: Ear muffs
104.7 Explain the maintenance and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and
why it is necessary.
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be maintained in a condition that
allows proper use of the equipment.
 Scratched lenses, dirty, missing components, etc. can lessen the effectiveness of
the equipment and deter usage.
 When PPE is not used properly people may be injured or property damaged.
 Head Protection - Protection from impact of falling and flying objects.
 Foot Protection - Protection of foot and toe from falling objects such as
construction material handling.
 Eye Protection - Protection from flying particles or chips, and splashes from
liquids.
 Hand Protection - To protect fingers and hand from sharp objects. Shock
absorbing gloves for jack hammers.
 Electrical Protection - Rubber protective equipment for rated for certain voltages
for electrical workers.
 Long sleeves - To protect arms from flying debris or sparks.
 Life lines - Protection from falling heights greater than 6 feet.
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Aprons - Protection from splashes or sparks at mid section.
Respiratory Protection - Protection from particles, fumes, mists, dusts and vapors.
104.8 State the purpose of temporary electrical power sources and explain source
inspection and certification requirements.
 Types of temporary electrical power:
o Generators, 5kw has to be grounded unless stated as double insulated
otherwise on the generator.
o Existing power, checked for proper grounding.
o Existing power pole, run through a spider box to reduce current. Must also be
grounded.
o Resistance level must be below 25 ohms to ground for normal set-up, 15ohms
in hazardous atmospheres and 5 ohms in explosive atmospheres.
 All temporary electrical power sources shall only be permitted during
emergencies, periods of construction, remodeling, repair to or demolition of
structures or similar activities.
 All temporary sources shall be inspected, certified safe and tagged with the
inspectors name, company, and date prior to the first use.
 All sources shall be re-inspected every 14 days after initial inspection and
certified safe for continued use on the attached tag.
 The inspection of temporary power sources shall also be kept in a log. This log
will contain the same information as the tag, plus it will also contain the exact
location of the tag(s).
 The primary purpose of the inspection is to ensure that proper grounding is
established and that this source can be utilized without endangering the worker.
 Temporary electric power is defined as any electric power source used for
construction, renovation, contingency, or emergency operations. (any electric
power source we use with hand tools and equipment is considered “temporary
power”.)
 Temporary power sources are inspected to insure:
o proper voltage
o proper polarity
o adequate ground
104.9 Explain when Ground Fault Circuit Interruption (GFCI) protection is required.
 GFCI’s are required to be used with all electric hand tools.
 GFCI’s detect a change in the flow of electricity and interrupt the circuit before
any harm can be done to personnel. GFCI’s must trip at less than .5 milliampres.
 GFCI’s must be tested monthly to ensure proper function.
 All 120 volt, single phase 15 and 20 ampere receptacle outlets on construction
sites or shops shall have an approved class A, group I, GFCI unit with a trip level
between 3 and 5 mili-amperes.
 Receptacles on two wire, single phase portable or vehicle mounted generators,
rated not more than 5KW, where the circuit conductors of the generator are
insulated from the generator frame and all other grounding surfaces do not require
GFCI protection.
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The CTR electrician shall ensure that all GFCI’s function correctly, are in good
repair and maintains a GFCI inspection log.
No repairs to GFCI are authorized.
GFCI’s that are damaged or fail to function correctly will be returned the
manufacturer for repair and/or replacement.
104.10 Explain the electrical and power equipment inspection requirements.
 All tools (electrical, power, hand, etc.) will be inspected daily by the operator
prior to use. Includes PPE, extension cords, air hoses, hydraulic components etc.
 Any tool or equipment found defective or damaged must be removed from service
until repaired or replaced.
 Powder actuated tools must be inspected monthly by a qualified technician with
inspection documented and records maintained.
 The following tests shall be performed on cord sets, receptacles not part of the
permanent wiring of a building or structure, and cord and plug connected
equipment required to be grounded:
o All equipment grounding conductors shall be tested for continuity and shall be
electrically continuous.
o Each receptacle and attachment cap or plug shall be tested for correct
attachment of the equipment grounding conductor. The equipment grounding
conductors shall be connected to its proper terminal.
 Required times of inspection:
o Before the first use.
o Before equipment is returned to service after any repair.
o Before equipment is used after any incident which can be reasonably
suspected to have caused damage.
o At intervals not to exceed one month.
o Equipment which has not met the requirements of this paragraph shall not be
issued for use and stored in CTR.
104.11 Explain when lockout/tag-out procedures for electrical and energy sources are
required.
 All potential energy sources must be secured prior to working on equipment and
machinery.
 Locks and tags are installed to prevent accidental activation of the equipment or
energizing the power source while work is being performed.
 Damaged or unsafe equipment or machinery should be locked or tagged out of
service to prevent use until repairs are made.
 Only qualified personnel are authorized to perform lockout/tagout. The
lockout/tagout log is maintained in the Safety Office.
 Required when you will be working on any items that will store energy as:
o Electrical equipment.
o Hydraulic.
o Steam.
104.12 Define confined space and describe the hazards associated with it.
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Confined spaces are spaces with:
o Limited access or egress (not equipped with regular doors or intended for
frequent entry)
o Poor to no ventilation
o Potential to contain harmful (toxic or flammable) gasses or vapors.
o Low or high oxygen concentration, < 19.5% or > 23.5%
Hazards associated with confined spaces:
o Suffocation
o Entrapment
o Poisoning
o Typical injuries (cuts, abrasions,
o Explosion
falling, slipping, etc.)
o Electrocution
Confined Space Program Manager.
o Only person who can certify a confined space entrance.
o Lists PPE required to enter a confined space.
o Lists the types of hazards.
o Constantly monitors work space during job.
Once all personnel exit the space for any duration, the space must be re-certified.
All confined spaces with potential hazards require a permit for entry.
104.13 Explain who is authorized to certify a confined space as safe for entry/work
 To render these spaces safe for entry by personnel to perform work, a certified
gas-free engineer must conduct an inspection to ensure safe working conditions.
 A qualified gas-free engineer is the only individual authorized to permit entry.
104.14 Describe the three basic types of respirators and explain their use, care, and
selection
 Three Basic Types (must be certified)
o Inline Respirator, Supplied air
 Uses a respirator face piece in conjunction with a remote air
source, air hose restricts movement, unlimited time limit
 Used in oxygen deficient spaces or where hazardous gases are
present.
o Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
 Used in oxygen deficient spaces or where hazardous gases are
present.
 Completely self contained allows freedom of movement in harmful
environments, has time limitation.
o Air Purifying Respirator
 Purifies the air by filtration (does not provide oxygen)
 Used to clean the air you are breathing only. Cannot filter out
hazardous gases or provide oxygen to breath.
 Care
o Cleaning
 Wipe after each use with alcohol swab.
 Wash monthly with warm soapy water.
o Maintenance
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 Fixed by the RPPM only.
o Storage
 Stored in dry, clean, labeled and air tight bag.
 Stored laying flat.
Replacement Criteria
o Replace Filter after 8 hours of use.
Selection
o Type of hazards you will be exposed to.
o Permissible Exposure Limit as set by OSHA.
o Threshold Limit Value as set by the American Council of Government
Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
o MSDS sheet requirements.
o NIOSH Chemical Guide handbook.
o Industrial Hygienist department recommendation.
Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBD)
o Use of respirators:
 Respirators are used in atmospheres containing harmful fumes, vapors,
and gasses. Additionally, may be used in atmospheres without sufficient
oxygen (supplied air and SCBA)
 Respirators must be applicable to the environment in which they are to be
used.
o Care of respirators:
 Respirators shall be inspected prior to each use.
 Respirators shall be cleaned after each use with warm soapy water.
 Respirators shall be sanitized weekly with a bleach water solution.
 Cartridges/filters shall be changed when they are no longer effective.
 Disposable respirators shall be damaged to prevent further use prior to
disposal.
104.15 Describe the importance of the Industrial Hygiene and Work Place Monitoring
program.
 Industrial Hygiene (IH) personnel recognize, evaluate and make
recommendations to control potential workplace hazards.
o Assess potential health risks faced by Navy personnel.
o Establish and document historical records of exposure levels for Navy
personnel.
o Ensure and demonstrate compliance with NAVOSH exposure criteria.
 IH performs work place monitoring. They provide:
o Descriptions of the operations, tasks and work practices which take place in
each workplace.
o Lists of hazardous materials used in each work place.
o Lists of the physical hazards, noise hazards, and sources of non-ionizing
radiation.
o Existing administrative controls, environmental controls and/or PPE required
in each shop.
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Workplaces are monitored by the Industrial Hygienist to determine levels of
exposure to hazards.
Conducted annually or when a change occurs.
Workplaces should be re-evaluated annually to determine any changes in hazard
potential.
Workplaces should be monitored when new equipment or processes are
introduced.
104.16 Describe the basic reporting procedures required when an unsafe/unhealthful
working condition report is submitted.
 Report to Chain of Command.
 If Chain of Command does not resolve the problem report to the Safety Office.
 If you desire not to verbally report to the Safety Office, you may submit a “Report
of Unsafe/Unhealthful Working Conditions” OPNAV 5100/11.
 Once the Safety Office receives the report they have up to 72 hours to investigate
the situation.
 Alleged imminent danger situations will be investigated within 24 hours.
 The Safety Officer will reply in writing to the person submitting the report within
10 working days.
o Normally conducted by the Safety Officer.
o Detecting unsafe or unhealthful working conditions at the earliest possible
time, then making prompt corrections of these hazards at the lowest possible
level are essential to properly resolving unsafe or unhealthful conditions.
o Investigation time limits
 24 Hours on IDLH, immediately dangerous to life and health.
 3 days for serious situations.
 Health Hazards are referred to Medical.
o Response
 List what is being done
 Who to appeal findings to
o Appeals
 Copy of 5100/11
 Written response
 Letter stating why you are not happy with response.
104.17 Explain the purpose of good housekeeping.
 Good Housekeeping is necessary to prevent mishaps from tripping, fire, falling,
imperilment, etc.
 Safety compliance is about attitudes, if the work center is sloppy the attitude
reflected is sloppy work and carelessness is acceptable.
 Prevents health problems.
 Keeps rodents and bugs down.
 Eliminates flying debris or missile hazards.
 Discourages pilferage of project materials and tools.
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104.18 Explain the importance of properly grounding portable electrical distribution
systems.
 Electrical distribution systems require grounding to provide over current
protection to the equipment, should the equipment be struck by lightning the
grounding method provides a path to ground for the energy instead of through the
distribution system.
 All electrical distribution grounding system grounds must read less than 25 ohms
to ground resistance or be in accordance with the National Electric Code.
 Protects human life by providing the least path of resistance to ground for
electrical current.
 Protects equipment from damage due to prolonged over current conditions.
 Protects the electrical distribution systems from sustaining severe damage.
104.19 Explain the four general classes of fires and what type of extinguishers are used
on each.
 Class A
o Fires in ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber and
many plastics.
o Use water , antifreeze, soda-acid, foam, aqueous film forming foam(AFFF),
loaded stream, multipurpose dry chemical and Halon type fire extinguishers.
 Class B
o Fires in flammable liquids, oils, greases, tars, oil base paints, lacquers and
flammable gases.
o Use Halon, CO2, dry chemical, foam and aqueous film forming foam type fire
extinguishers.
 Class C.
o Fires which involve energized electrical equipment where the electrical
nonconductivity of the extinguishing media is of importance.
o Use Halon, CO2 and dry chemical type fire extinguishers.
 Class D.
o Fires in combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium,
lithium and potassium.
o Use the fire extinguisher approved for each specific combustible-metal
hazard. (Usually no known extinguisher)
104.20 Explain the purpose of safety stand-downs.
 Safety stand-downs are to provide specific safety information and training for
specific hazards, evolutions, and activities.
 Safety stand-downs are usually before known potentially dangerous times such as
holiday seasons, prior to exercises, etc. Additionally, safety stand-downs are
scheduled after catastrophic mishaps to prevent similar mishaps.
 Provides a forum to release specific safety information to a large audience.
 Used to focus personnel on specific hazards of their jobs and work stations.
 Re-enforces safety as the #1 priority required in the performance of their jobs.
 Provides time for personnel to reflect on work safety practices and standards.
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BASIC FIRST AID AND PERSONAL HYGIENE FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 105
105.1 State the sequence to examine an injured person
• Check for breathing: lack of oxygen intake can lead to brain damage or death in a
very few minutes
• Check for bleeding: life cannot continue without an adequate volume of blood to
carry oxygen to tissues
•
•
Check for shock: unless shock is prevented or treated, death may result even
though the injury would not otherwise be fatal
Examination warnings
o If there are any signs of chemical or biological agent poisoning, you should
immediately mask the casualty. If it is nerve agent poisoning, administer the
antidote, using the casualty’s injector/ampules
o In a chemically contaminated area, do not expose the wounds
o Leg fractures must be splinted before elevating the legs as a treatment for
shock
105.2 State the reason for not moving an injured person unless absolutely necessary
• As a general rule, make your preliminary examination in the position and place
you find the victim. Moving the victim before this check could gravely endanger
life, especially if there are fractures, skull or spine injuries.
• If the situation is such that you or the victim is in danger, you must weigh this
threat against the potential damage caused by premature transportation. If you
decide to move the victim, do it quickly and gently to a safe location where proper
first aid can be administered
105.3 Describe the signs, symptoms, and treatment of shock
• Shock is a condition in which the circulation of the blood is seriously disturbed.
This can cause lack of oxygen to body systems.
• Shock creates a vicious cycle; the worse it is, the worse it will become. A person
going into shock may display quite a few signs and symptoms
• The signs of shock do not always appear at the onset of the injury. The following
is a list of some of those signs:
o Sweaty but cool skin
o Enlarged pupils
(clammy skin)
o Breathing is shallow and irregular
o Paleness of skin Restlessness
o Blotchy or bluish skin, especially
or nervousness
around the mouth
o Thirst
o Nausea and/or vomiting
o Pulse is weak and rapid
• Treatment
o Keep the victim calm
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o Try to prevent the victim from seeing the injury
o If victim is conscience and not internal injuries are evident, you should give
the victim small amounts of warm water
o If it is possible, place the injured person on the back on a bed, cot, or stretcher,
and raise the lower end of the support about 12 inches so that the victim's feet
will be higher than the head
105.4 Explain why you should not give an unconscious person anything by mouth
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105.5
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105.6
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Giving an unconscious person any food or drink by mouth can cause vomiting.
If the victim vomits, the vomited material may enter the lungs.
Victim could choke to death
Describe the three types of bleeding
Capillary bleeding. Bleeding is slow, the blood "oozes" from the (wound) cut
Venous bleeding. The blood is dark red or maroon, and flows in a steady stream
Arterial bleeding. The blood bright red and “spurts” from the wound. Arterial
bleeding is life threatening and difficult to control
Explain the four methods for controlling bleeding
Direct pressure:
o First method to use when controlling bleeding. In almost every case bleeding
can be stopped by direct pressure on the wound
o Use a sterile dressing when available and tie a knot directly over the wound.
Do not tie the knot too tight and cut off circulation
Elevation:
o Raising an injured limb above the level of the heart helps to control the
bleeding. Elevation should be used together with direct pressure
o Caution - Do not elevate a limb when you suspect a fracture
Indirect pressure:
o In instances of severe bleeding where direct pressure and elevation are not
controlling the bleeding, indirect pressure may be used.
o Bleeding from a cut artery or vein can often be controlled by applying
pressure to the appropriate pressure point
o The object of the pressure is to compress the artery against the bone, thus
shutting off the flow of blood from the heart to the wound
Tourniquet
o Should only be used as a last resort for severe, life threatening bleeding that
cannot be controlled by any other method.
o When using this method, be thoroughly familiar with the dangers and
limitations of it’s use
105.7 Describe the major pressure points of the body.
 Pressure points: Is a point where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over
a bone or firm tissue.
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105.8
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The objective of applying pressure is to compress the artery against the bone, thus
shutting off the flow of blood from the heart to a wound.
There are 11 principal pressure points on each side of the body.
o Facial artery
 Apply pressure on this point when bleeding is on the face below the level
of the eyes
o Subclavian artery
 Used for bleeding in the shoulder or in the upper part of the arm.
 Apply pressure with the fingers behind the clavicle
o Brachial artery
 Used to control bleeding between the middle of the upper arm and the
elbow
o Radial and ulnar arteries
 Used to control bleeding from the hand.
 If possible hold the arm up in the air
o Iliac artery
 Used to control bleeding from the thigh.
 Pressure with your fingers should be sufficient to stop the bleeding
o Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
 Used to control bleeding from the foot.
 As with the hand, elevation is helpful in controlling the bleeding
o Superficial temporal
 Used to control bleeding from the region of the temple or scalp
o Femoral artery
 Controls bleeding in the upper thigh.
 A great deal of pressure must be exerted to compress the artery against the
bone
o Popliteal artery
 Controls bleeding between the knee and the foot
Describe the first aid treatment for a sucking chest wound
Requires immediate first aid treatment
A penetrating injury to the chest that produces a hole in the chest cavity, causing
the lung to collapse, which prevents normal breathing functions
It is imperative the wound be sealed with an airtight dressing to prevent air from
entering the chest cavity through the wound. Any material that will form an
airtight barrier, can be used if they are large enough to cover the wound
If the victim’s condition suddenly deteriorates when you apply the seal,
IMMEDIATELY remove it
After the wound is sealed and dressed, the victim should be placed on the
wounded side unless there are back injuries
Watch the victim closely for shock and treat accordingly
Do not give victim anything to drink. Transport to treatment facility
IMMEDIATELY.
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105.9
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Describe the first aid treatment for a person with a suspected spinal injury
Do not move the victim unless it is absolutely essential
Do not bend or twist the victim’s body, do not move the head forward, backward,
or sideways and do not under any circumstances allow the victim to sit up
First aid procedures
o Minimize shock
o Prevent further injury to the spinal cord
o Keep the victim comfortably warm
105.10 Describe the three degrees of burns.
 Most commonly result from exposure to fire, chemicals, or electricity.
 The severity of burns depends on the depth, size, and location
 Burns are most serious when they are located on the face, neck, hands, and feet
 First Degree Burns
o Characterized by redness, mild swelling, and pain
o Usually the result of spending too much time in the sun, short contact with
chemicals, or minor scalding with hot water or steam
 Second Degree Burns
o Are much deeper than first-degree burns
o Appearance: very red with blisters
o Usually results from deep sunburns or flash burns from gasoline fires
o Most painful type of burns because the nerve endings are still intact even
though the skin is severely damaged
 Third Degree Burns
o The most serious burn because the burn is so deep, it requires a long time to
heal and scars will form over the burn area
o Skin may look white or charred black
o Extends through all layers of the skin and into the flesh below the skin
105.11 Describe the first aid treatment for the following types of burns
 White Phosphorous Burns
o A special category of burn is that caused by contact with white phosphorus
o First aid for this type of burn is complicated by the fact that white phosphorus
particles ignite upon contact with air
o Treatment:
 Partially embedded particles must be continuously flushed with water
while the first aid provider removes them with whatever tools are
available
 Deeply embedded particles that cannot be removed must be covered with
a saline soaked dressing
 Chemical Burns
o Treatment:
 Flush the area immediately with a lot of cool running water for 5 to
10 minutes to wash away any chemicals.
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105.12
Remove clothing and jewelry from the victim on which chemicals have
spilled
 Flush again with water and gently pat it dry with a sterile gauze. Do not
rub the area.
 Transport the victim to a medical facility
 Warning!
 Do not attempt to neutralize any chemical unless it is known exactly
what it is and what substance will effectively neutralize it
o Alkali burns caused by dry lime:
 Mixing water and lime creates a very corrosive substance. Dry lime
should be removed by brushing the material from the skin and clothing
unless massive amounts of water are available for rapid and complete
flushing
o Acid burns caused by carbolic acid
 Wash the affected area with alcohol because carbolic acid is not water
soluble. Then wash the area with large quantities of water
 If alcohol is not available, flushing with water is better than no treatment
at all
Chemical burns to eyes
o The one and only emergency treatment for a chemical burn to the eyes is to
flush the eye(s) immediately with large amounts of water or sterile saline
solution
o Acid burns to the eyes should be irrigated for at least 5 to 10 minutes with at
least 200 milliliters of water
o Alkali burns should be irrigated for at least 20 minutes
o Do not allow water to fall directly on the eye. Hold the victim’s head in a
position that allows water to flow from inside the corner of the eye toward the
outside
o Caution!
 Never use any chemical antidotes such as baking soda or alcohol when
treating burns of the eye
 Do not try to neutralize chemical agents
Flash Burns to the Eyes
o Burns caused by a nuclear explosion are divided into two classes: direct and
indirect burns
o Direct burns, usually called flash burns, are the result of thermal, infrared
radiation emitted by a nuclear explosion
o Indirect burns are the result of fires caused by the explosion
o Symptoms:
 Blindness may persist for 20 to 30 minutes
 Eyes are irritated, like having sand in the eyes
 Treatment:
 Apply cold compresses to the affected area. Transport victim to the
nearest medical treatment facility
Describe the symptoms and treatment of the following
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•
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Heat exhaustion
o The most common heat related condition resulting from prolonged exposure
to hot conditions
o Heat exhaustion involves a serious disturbance of blood flow to the brain,
heart, and lungs
o Symptoms:
 Victim may appear ashen gray; skin will be cold, moist, clammy, normal
or subnormal temperature
 Pupils may be enlarged
 Victim may experience symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, headache,
loss of appetite, and nausea.
 Loosen clothing and apply cool wet cloths to the head, armpits, groin,, and
ankles.
o Treatment
 Do not chill the victim
 If the victim is conscious, a solution of one-teaspoon of salt dissolved in a
quart of cool water should be given.
 Transport the victim to a medical facility as soon as possible.
 Care for the victim as if in shock.
 Move the victim to an air conditioned space if possible.
Heat Stroke
o Sunstroke is more accurately called heat stroke since it is not necessary to be
exposed to the sun for this condition to develop.
o Heat stroke is less common but far more serious than heat exhaustion.
o The most important factor of heat stroke is the extremely high body
temperature, 105 F or higher, that accompanies it 20% mortality rate
o Symptoms
 Headache, nausea, dizziness, or weakness
 Breathing may be deep and rapid and change to shallow and almost absent
 Flushed, very dry and hot skin, constricted pupils and a fast, strong pulse
o Treatment
 Heat stroke is a true life or death emergency
 The longer the victim remains overheated, the more likely the victim is to
suffer irreversible body and brain damage or death
 The main objective is to get the body temperature down as quickly as
possible
 Get victim to a medical treatment facility as soon as possible
 Cooling measures must be continued during transport
Heat Cramps
o Heat cramps usually affect people who work in hot environments or who
engage in strenuous exercise without acclimating themselves to the conditions
o May result from drinking ice water or other cold drinks too quickly or in too
large a quantity after exercise
o Symptoms
 Excessive sweating which can result in painful cramps in the muscles of
the abdomen, legs, and arms
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 Muscle spasms caused by heat cramps usually last only a few minutes
o Treatment
 Move to a cool place
 Give plenty of water to drink
 Gently massage muscles to relieve the spasms
 If symptoms do not improve treat for heat exhaustion and transport to a
medical facility
105.13 Explain how heat casualties in the field may be prevented
• Command responsibility
• Prevention centers on water and salt replacement
• Do not consume alcoholic beverages
105.14
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Describe frostbite and immersion foot
Frostbite
o Frostbite occurs when ice crystals form in the skin or deeper tissues after
sustained exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees F or lower
o Depending upon the temperature, altitude, and wind speed, the exposure time
necessary to produce frostbite varies from a few minutes to several hours.
o The areas most commonly affected are the face and extremities
o Symptoms are progressive.
 Affected skin reddens and there is an uncomfortable coldness
 Area becomes numb due to reduced circulation
o As ice crystals form, the frozen extremity appears white, yellow-white, or
blotchy blue and white
o The surface of the skin feels hard, but the underlying tissue is soft
o Warning!
 Never rub a frostbitten area!
 Never heat a frostbitten area with open fire
Superficial frostbite
o The skin and region just below the skin are affected
o Surface feels hard, but the underlying tissue is soft, allowing it to move over
body ridges
o Treatment
 -Thaw with body heat or warm water
 Hands: Place hands under the armpit, against the abdomen, or between
the thighs
 Feet: Feet can be warmed by using the armpit or abdomen of a buddy
 Other areas. Warm with warm water immersion, skin to skin contact, or
warm-water bottles
Deep frostbite
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o
•
Freezing reaches into the deep tissue layers, the skin does not move over the
bony ridges and feels hard and solid
o Protect from further injury
o Thaw the area rapidly by immersion in warm water
Immersion Foot and Hands
o Immersion foot, which may also occur in the hands, is a cold injury resulting
from prolonged exposure to wet, cold temperatures just above freezing
o It is often associated with limited motion of the extremities and water-soaked
clothing
o The temperature does not need to be below 32 degrees F to cause injury
o Symptoms
 Early stages, the feet and toes turn pale and feel cold, numb, and stiff
 Walking becomes difficult
 The feet will swell and become painful
 If not treated the flesh dies and amputation of the extremity may be
necessary
o Treatment:
 Do not rub or massage the injured part
 Remove wet clothing
 Do not rupture blisters or apply salves or ointments
 Clean with soap and water, dry thoroughly, elevate and keep extremity
exposed to dry air
 Evacuate by litter
105.15 Describe signs and symptoms when general loss of body heat occurs to a person
exposed to extreme cold (hypothermia)
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Hypothermia is cooling of the entire body. It can be caused by continued
exposure to low or rapidly dropping temperatures, cold moisture, snow, and/or ice
Symptoms
o Several stages of progressive shivering
o Feelings of sluggishness, drowsiness and confusion
o Victim may become unconscious
o Victim may go into shock
o The lower extremities may freeze
Treatment
o Victim must be warmed quickly
o Move victim to warmth
In the field
o Place nude victim in a sleeping bag with two volunteers stripped to their
underwear to provide body-to-body heat transfer
o This WILL SAVE LIVES in the field
Hypothermia is a medical emergency!
The victim needs heat!
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105.16
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105.17
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105.18
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105.19
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Explain how cold injuries can be prevented.
Cold weather injuries can be prevented by becoming accustomed to a cold
climate, by wearing warm layered clothing, and by maintaining good discipline
and training
Wearing dry gloves, stocking cap, well insulated boots, and keeping the body well
hydrated will help the body maintain its normal temperature
Describe the symptoms and first aid treatment for a joint dislocation
A bone that has been forcibly displaced from its joint is dislocated
Dislocations are usually caused by falls or blows but are occasionally caused by
muscle exertion. The joints that are most frequently dislocated are the shoulder,
hip, finger, and jaw
Symptoms
o Rapid swelling and discoloration
o Loss of ability to use the joint
o Severe pain and muscle spasms
o Possible numbness
o Possible loss of pulse below the joint
o Shock
Treatment
o Loosen the clothing around the injured part
o Place the victim in the most comfortable position possible
o Support the injured part by means of a sling, pillow, bandages, splints, or any
other device that will make the victim comfortable
o Treat the victim for shock
o Get medical help as soon as possible
Explain when and why a cold pack or heat pad would be used on a sprain
Treat all sprains as fractures until ruled out by x-rays
Apply cold packs for the first 24 to 48 hours to reduce swelling and to control
internal hemorrhage
Apply a snug, smooth, figure eight bandage to control swelling and to provide
immobilization
After the swelling stops moist heat can be applied for short periods (15 to 30
minutes) to promote healing and reduce swelling
Describe the procedure for removing ticks
The best method for removing ticks is to coat them with petroleum jelly, baking
powder paste, or clear nail polish
The tick should be pulled off with a pair of tweezers or one’s fingers.
Care should be taken not to crush the tick or break off the head or embedded
mouth parts while still in the skin
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105.20
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Describe the first aid treatment for snake bites
The most important first aid treatment for venomous snakebites is reducing the
circulation of blood through the bite area
o This will delay absorption of the venom, prevent aggravation of the local
wound, and maintain the victim’s vital signs
Wrap a constricting band 2 to 3 inches above the fang marks, or above the nearest
joint, but away from the swelling
A second constricting band should be placed 2 to 3 inches below the wound.
Feel the victim’s pulse below the constricting bands to keep ahead of the swelling
If the victim can not reach a medical facility within 30 minutes, and if there are
definite signs of poisoning, use a sterile knife blade to make an incision about 1/2
inch long and 1/4 inch deep lengthwise over each fang mark.
Apply suction cups to help remove injected venom.
Suction by mouth is recommended only as a last resort.
o The human mouth contains so many bacteria that the bite could become
infected.
Incision and suction more than 30 minutes after the bite is not recommended.
Treat for shock
Use a splint to immobilize the victim’s affected extremity, keeping the involved
area at or below the level of the heart
Cover the wound to prevent further contamination.
Telephone the nearest medical facility so proper anti-venom can be made
available.
Transport the victim (and the dead snake) to a medical facility as soon as possible
105.21 Explain the first aid treatment for fractures
• If there is any possibility that a fracture has been sustained, treat the injury as a
fracture until an x-ray can be made
• Rough handling of the victim may convert a closed fracture into an open fracture,
increase the severity of shock, or cause extensive damage to the blood vessels,
nerves, muscles, and other tissues around the broken bone
• Do not move the victim until the injured part has been splinted
• Treat for shock
• When a long bone in the arm or leg is fractured, the limb should be carefully
straightened so that splints can be applied unless it appears that further damage
will be caused.
• Never apply force or traction
• Apply splints. If the victim is to be transported a short distance, or treatment by a
medical officer will not be delayed, it is best to leave the clothing on and place
emergency splinting over it
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105.22
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If the fracture is an open fracture you must take care of the wound before you can
deal with the fracture
Describe how to reinforce a battle dressing
Battle dressings may be reinforced by applying additional sterile dressings over
the battle dressing and covering the entire dressing with an elastic bandage
105.23 Explain the following methods for carrying a casualty
– Fireman’s carry
– Back lift and carry
– One and two man supporting carry
– Pistol-belt carry
– One and two man arms carry
– Neck drag
– One and two man saddle back carry
– Four-hand (packsaddle) carry
– Pack-strap carry
– Four-hand arms carry
• A casualty may be transported by using one-man or two-man carries
• The two-man carries should be used whenever possible, as they provide more
comfort to the casualty, are less likely to aggravate the injury, and are less tiring
to the carriers
• The particular carry selected should be the one less likely to aggravate the
casualty’s injury
105.24 Explain the importance of personal hygiene and cite examples
• Because of close living accommodations in the field, personal hygiene is
extremely important
• Disease and sickness can spread rapidly and affect an entire battalion in a short
period
• Good practices
o Daily bath or shower prevents body odor and is absolutely necessary for
maintaining cleanliness and preventing common skin diseases
o Using medicated powders and deodorants helps keep the skin dry
o Socks and underwear should be changed daily
o The importance of washing your hands at appropriate times can not be
overemphasized
105.25 Describe the three methods of water purification in the field
 Boiling
o Boiling is used when disinfecting compounds are not available. To purify a
canteen of water by boiling, follow the steps listed below:
o Boil the water at a rolling boil for at least 15-20 seconds
o Let the water cool before drinking it. Once the water has cooled, it must be
consumed
 Iodine tablets
o Check tablets for physical change. If the tablets are stuck together, crumbled,
or have a color other than steel gray, do not use them.
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
o Fill canteen with the cleanest, clearest water available
o Add one iodine per 1 quart canteen of clear water, 2 tablets if the water is
cloudy
o Place cap loosely and wait 5 minutes
o Shake canteen, allowing leakage to rinse the threads around the neck of the
canteen
o Tighten the cap and wait an additional 20 minutes before using the water for
any purpose
Calcium hypochlorite ampules
o Fill the canteen with the clearest, cleanest water available, leaving an air space
of at least 1 inch below the neck of the canteen
o Add one ampule of calcium hypochlorite to a canteen cup half full of water;
stir with a clean stick until the powder has dissolved
o Fill the canteen cap half full of the solution in the cup, and add it to the water
in the canteen, place the cap on the canteen and shake it thoroughly
o Loosen the cap slightly; invert the canteen to allow the treated water to leak
onto the threads around the canteen neck
o Tighten the cap and wait at least 30 minutes before using the water
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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS/HAZARDOUS WASTE AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
CC PQS 106
106.1 State the purpose and information contained on the Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS)
 Document generated by manufacturer of the material
 Communicates to the users the chemical, physical, and hazardous properties of
that material.
In compliance with OSHA hazard communication, standard key information
contained includes the following
o Name, address, and emergency
o Reactivity Data
contact for the manufacturer
o Health Hazard Data
o Physical/Chemical
o Precautions for Safe Handling and
Characteristics
Use
o Fire and Explosive Hazard Data
o Control Measures
106.2 What are the six hazard categories of hazardous material (HAZMAT)?
Category Hazard Level Work Center Description
A
High
Industrial Operations
Heavy Equipment Operations and Maintenance
Toxic/Hazardous Materials Handling Construction
Other: Exposures to heat, cold, diving salvage, heights or
other high risk work.
B
Moderate
Supply/Transportation, Medical, Mechanics
RDT&E: Engineers, test mechanics and laboratory
personnel involved in the research, development, evaluation
and test of systems
C
Low
Administrative, Clerical, Classroom
D
*
Shipboard Personnel
E
*
Operating Forces
F
*
Students
*Job Hazard Categories D, E, and F can be Hazard Level High, Moderate, or Low
depending upon the specific duties assigned to the individual.
106.3 Explain storage procedures for incompatible material.
 According to the type of HAZMAT, certain storage procedures must be applied.
 For example, do not mix flammables and toxic materials, or flammables and
corrosives, together.
 The safest practice is to draw only the amount of material that can be used that
day.
 Storing hazardous materials on the job site requires the use of approved
containers.
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

Containers must be placed a minimum of 50 feet away from any ignition device
or source.
Plan for the delivery of proper storage equipment before hazardous materials are
delivered to job site.
106.4 Explain the general procedures to be followed when a Hazardous
Material/Hazardous Waste spill is discovered.
 The unit must respond immediately
 Must have an approved response team, equipment, and disposal plan.
 Reports must be made and tests conducted to ensure no contamination remains.
 Disposal of contaminated soils, etc. must follow strict guidelines.
106.5 State the personal protection equipment required when handling Hazardous
Material or Hazardous Waste.
 Ensure all personnel understand the following:
o What hazard materials are present
o What PPE is required for protection from each specific danger
o Example: Face shield, goggles, gloves, apron, and boots.
106.6 Describe the disposal limitations of the following.
 Trash--rubbish and debris and other debris which can normally be disposed of in a
normal landfill
 Garbage--food waste which can be disposed of in a normal landfill
 Plastic --recycled through DRMO at most military bases
 Sewage--Only properly disposed of through a sewage treatment plant.
 Oily waste--recycled through DRMO
 Paint / mineral spirits--disposed of through DRMO as hazardous waste
 Metal--turned in to DRMO for recycling
 Wood--landfill or DRMO for recycling
106.7 Describe required training for all hands with respect to the Hazardous Materials
and Hazardous Waste program.
 Management Personnel
o Receive sufficient training to ensure that an aggressive and continuing OSH
program is implemented throughout the activity.
 Supervisory Personnel
o Receive training that enables them to recognize unsafe and unhealthful
working conditions and practices in the workplace.
o Training shall also include the development of skills necessary to manage the
activities OSH program at the work unit level.
 Non-supervisory Personnel
o Training shall include specialized job-safety and health training appropriate to
the work performed.
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106.8 Describe the purpose of secondary labeling of hazardous material when removed
from the original container
 To inform the user by means of words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof
of the specific physical and health hazard(s), including target organ effects, of the
chemical(s) in the container(s).
106.9 Define the following terms:
 HAZMINCEN:
o Central Hazardous Materials Center for an installation.
o Responsible for procurement and inventory management activities.
 CHRIMP:
o Consolidated Hazardous Material Reutilization Inventory Management
Program
o Purpose:
o Reduce Costs
o Protect navy and other personnel from unnecessary exposure to Hazardous
Waste and Material
 CHRIMP
o Minimizes the Navy’s long-term risk for liability associated with HW
disposal.
o Comply with all Federal, state, and local environmental statutes, laws, and
regulations.
 HICS:
o Hazardous Inventory Control System
o Prepares reports for administration purposes of the HAZMAT inventory. A
combined program with CHRIMP
o Both CHRIMP AND HICS are being replaced with Hazardous Substance
Management System (HSMS). This program provides the same functions.
 AUL
o Authorized User List
o Addresses both types and quantities of HM authorized for use by individual
activities.
106.10 Describe the aspects of portable containment of oil spills on water.
 Booming of spills has proved to be effective in containing spills of liquids on
relatively calm and current-free waters.
 Absorbents, such as straw, plastics, sawdust, and peat moss are spread on the
surface of the spill and then collected and burned on shore.
 Skimming devices operate on a different principle and must include pumps and
separators.
 Skimmers scoop up the oil and water and send them through an oil separator and
rollers to which only the oil adheres.
 The oil is then removed by scraping and compression.
106.11 Describe the following:
 Clearing Spills
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



o Completely remove all contaminated soil from the site to a facility or landfill
that is designed to receive such material.
o Must be done carefully so that the underlying and adjacent soil is not
contaminated by the removal process.
Grubbing Operations
o Large scale clearing in initial stages of a project can produce damaging side
effects:
 Increased soil erosion
 Reduction of atmospheric oxygen
 Destruction of wildlife habitat
o Preventive measures
 Save as much vegetation as possible
 Construct shallow trench around project
 Burn only when necessary and after obtaining a burn permit.
 Do not use petroleum-based fuels to start fires.
Asbestos
o Fibrous material used extensively from the 1930’s to the 1960’s
o Covered by OPNAVINST 5100.23
o As a rule, NCF DOES NOT do asbestos work
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
o Group of toxic chemicals used extensively as insulators and coolers in
electrical equipment, especially transformers
o Causes irritation to eyes, skin, and lungs, also suspected of causing cancer
Accumulate in the environment and are absorbed into human fat tissues.
o Actions
 Secure the site
 Notify the activity environmental coordinator and the EPA branch
Hazard Warning Labels
o The Department of Transportation (DOT) labeling system.
o A diamond shaped symbol with 4 segments.
o The four hazards the labels are designed to illustrate are:
 Health Hazard – The ability of the material to either directly or indirectly
cause temporary or permanent injury or incapacitation
 Fire Hazard – The ability of the material to burn when exposed to heat
source.
 Reactivity Hazard – The ability of the material to release energy when in
contact with water.
 Specific Hazard – This term relates to a special hazard concerning the
particular product or chemical which was not covered by other labeled
hazard items.
o The degree of hazard is expressed by a numerical code:
4 = extremely dangerous
3 = dangerous hazard
2 = moderate hazard
1 = slight hazard
0 = no hazard
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HAZMAT LABELS
HEALTH HAZARD
FIRE HAZARD
FLASH POINTS
4 - Below 73o F
3 - Below 100o F
2 - 200o F and below
1 - Above 200o F
0 - Will not burn
4 - Deadly
3 - Extreme Danger
2 - Hazardous
1 - Slightly Hazardous
0 - Normal
(BLUE)
(RED)
2
3
1
(YELLOW)
ACID
SPECIFIC HAZARD
OXY - Oxidizer
ACID - Acid
ALK - Alkali
COR - Corrosive
W - Use No Water
REACTIVITY TO WATER
(WHITE)
4 - May detonate
3 - Shock of heat may detonate
2 - Violent chemical
1 - Unstable if heated
0 - Stable
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SUPPLY/LOGISTICS FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 107
107.1 Explain the importance of the Coordinated Shipboard/Shorebased Allowance List
(COSAL) in relation to the commands mission and sustainability.
 The COSAL is a supply document that lists the items required to achieve
maximum, self-supporting capabilities for an extended period of time.
107.2 Describe the following processes in reference to the COSAL.
 Validating and Updating
o Completed annually and during every turnover.
o Information on the equipment identification plate is checked against the
COSAL.
o Discrepancies are noted on an OPNAV 4790/CK form and submitted to
CESO.
o COSAL is changed to reflect correct equipment and the APL and Automotive
Repair Parts (ARP) stock is updated as appropriate.
107.3 Explain how frequently ordered parts effect demand processing.
 Demand Processing
o Every time a part is ordered, MICRO SNAP II records the date and quantity.
o MICRO SNAP II periodically reviews the frequency parts are ordered,
manages money, produces financial reports and processes orders.
 Demand Processing
o If a part is stocked, but is never requested, it will eventually stop being
stocked.
o If a part gets requested very frequently, the quantity kept in stock will
eventually be increased.
107.4 Describe the purpose of the Material Obligation Validation program.
 MOV Program ensures that:
o The requirements for the material still exist and the quantity requested is still
required
o Checks that priorities assigned in the requisition are still valid
o Cancels material no longer needed.
 FEX material that was not received in time and is no longer needed.
o Corrects files.
 Open purchase was made, but receipt was never turned in, so requisition is
still open. Internal MOV requires end users to provide copies of receipt to
clear the outstanding requisition on file
 Frequency
o External MOV
 Higher unit (Inventory Control Point) initiates the MOV.
 Quarterly.
o Internal MOV
 Supply Officer initiates an MOV for each department.
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
Monthly.
107.5 Explain the difference between the two components of the Operating
Target (OPTAR)
 Requisition/OPTAR Log (NAVCOMPT 2155)
o Similar to a checkbook, every grant and requisition is recorded here.
o A separate log is maintained for each OPTAR, i.e. 02 funds are kept separate
from 03 funds.
 Travel Log
o Tracks deployment per diem and TAD travel
107.6 Define the following.
 Departmental Budgets
o All OM&N money is allocated in categorized funds (07, 08, etc.), which are
centrally controlled by supply.
o The unit supply officer can choose to divide these funds into departmental
budgets.
 i.e. $40,000 budgeted to A Co for all parts, maintenance, and
consumables.
o Separate funds cannot be mixed.
 Administrative money can’t be used to buy parts
 Hazardous Material Reutilization
o The HAZMAT Reutilization Program allows unused HAZMAT to be stored
and reissued for future use.
o All HAZMAT within a unit is controlled by one central HAZMAT
Coordinator.
o When HAZMAT is received, the coordinator inventories it with a bar code,
and then issues it to the requestor.
o If there is any HAZMAT remaining after the requester is through, it is turned
back into the coordinator for possible reissue.
o When a new request is generated for that same HAZMAT (i.e. floor wax,
paint, oil, etc.), the unused portion the coordinator is storing is re-issued.
 Defense Reutilization Marketing Office
o Materials in one of the following three categories may be turned into DRMO:
 Items that need inventory manager disposal authority.
 Items that do not need inventory manager disposal authority.
 Scrap or waste.
o All items turned in must have a completed DD Form 1348-1 with S-4’s
signature.
o Excess material that has been turned into DRMO may be drawn out by any
Navy unit which has an allowance or mission requirement for the material.
o Requires screening and authorization by the supply officer.
107.7 State how credit is distributed for erroneously ordered parts when they are turned
back in to supply.
 Navy Stock System Purchases:
- 54 -
o When materials are ordered wrong or the received material is the wrong part,
then the parts may be returned to supply.
o The refund money goes to the TYCOM (NCB).
o The only way the unit (NMCB) may get the money back is by requesting
additional funds from the TYCOM (NCB) at the end of the fiscal quarter/year,
using the return as justification.
107.8 Define the Uniform Material Movement and Issue Priority System (UMMIPS)
and the role it plays with the Priority Designator (PD).
 UMMIPS determines the order in which requisitions are filled Fleet-wide.
 Considers the limits of logistical resources such as transportation, warehousing,
requisition processing, and material assets.
 Urgency is determined by a priority designator (PD) ranging from 01 (highest) to
15 (lowest).
 PD is based on unit’s mission, urgency of need, etc.
107.9 Define and describe the Basic Daily Food Allowance (BDFA) and state how it
effects each crewmember
 Defines the quantity of food one person needs per day.
 Typically expressed in terms of nutritional content and monetary value.
107.10 Define the following
 Minor Property
o All Navy-owned property bought for immediate use on shore establishments
that
 Costs between $300-$5000 or
 Costs more than $5000 but has a useful life expectancy less than 2 years.
 Also, regardless of cost, all classified, sensitive, or highly-pilferable
equipment is considered Minor Property.
 Plant Property
o Includes property used for the purpose of cutting, abrading, grinding, shaping,
forming, joining, testing, heating, treating, or otherwise altering the physical,
electrical, or chemical properties of materials components or end items.
o Navy-owned property that costs $5000 or more. Two categories:
 Class 3- useful life expectancy of two or more years
 Class 4- industrial plant equipment.
 Controlled Equipage
o Equipment requiring special management control. Two general categories:
 Material which is essential for the protection of life - life preservers, gas
masks, firearms, etc.
 Items of high cost that are easily converted to personal use - computers,
fax machines, cameras, etc.
o Inventoried annually and at every turnover.
o Requires a custodial signature.
 Personnel Support Equipment
o Frequently referred to as habitability items.
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
o Furniture found in quarters.
 Beds, mattresses, wardrobes, desks, chairs, tables, lamps, book cases,
compact refrigerators, rugs, drapes, etc.
Project Bill of Material (BM)
o A listing of materials, special tools or equipment, and other services required
for a specific construction project.
o Must have a completed BM before work on a project can begin.
o Each item on a BM must have:
 Description of the material, equipment, or service.
 Stock number or commercial supply source.
 Line item number.
 Requisition number.
 Unit of issue.
 Required delivery date.
107.11 Explain the purpose of the Allowance Change Request (ACR).
 An ACR (NAVSUP 1220-2) is used to change the quantity on an allowance list.
 Typical reasons for an ACR include:
o Material failure rates other than expected.
o New operating areas or conditions.
o Mission assignments require additional support.
o Technical improvements in equipment, systems or repair parts that can
provide additional capabilities.
 An ACR is submitted through TYCOM (NCB) to Navy Inventory Control Point
(NAVICP).
 An ACR regarding CESE must go through TYCOM (NCB) to CESO.
 Before submitting an ACR, ensure that a similar request has not been previously
denied.
107.12. State the purpose of the following forms.
 NAVSUP 1250-1: Requisition/consumption reporting document used by
submarine force and non-automated units.
 NAVSUP 1250-2: Requisition/consumption reporting document for procuring
non-NSN material.
 DD 1348: Requisition form that can serve as a requisition follow-up, modifier, or
cancellation request.
 NAVSUP 1149: Requisition invoice/ shipping document used for open purchase
items or services.
o Example: Prior to a battalion movement, an 1149 is used to request a cruise
box shipment.
 DD 200: Survey form as well as a report for lost, stolen, or damaged items.
107.13 Define the following acronyms and state the responsibilities for the functional
 Automotive Repair Parts (ARP)
o Receives, stores, and issues repair parts for CESE and material handling
equipment.
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


o Validates and updates CESE COSAL.
o Typically located in Alpha Company spaces.
o Financial records, reports, and requisition files are normally maintained in
Supply.
Central Tool Room (CTR)
o Manages all hand tools, power tools, tradesman’s tool kits, and other special
tools.
o Assets are kept under strict security because items are highly pilferable and
can be easily converted to personal use.
o Inventory management measures include maintenance of separate records for
individual items, scheduled physical inventories, and scheduled preventive
maintenance.
Central Store Room (CSR)
o Central shipping and receiving outlet in the battalion.
o Receives all shipments that are not project related (ARP, consumables, etc.).
o Manages and issues administrative and consumable items in the TOA.
o Typically located in Supply spaces.
Material Liaison Office (MLO)
o Manages all project funds and materials in accordance with NAVSUP P-48.
o Receives, issues, and inventories project materials.
o Maintains records and accounting.
o Submits reports of expenditures for project materials at the mainbody site.
o Details manage their own materials.
o Supply Officer is overall responsible for project materials at all sites,
including mainbody.
PQS Question 107.14 Define the following abbreviations and acronyms.
 National Stock Number (NSN)
o A 13 digit stock number used to identify an item of material in the Federal
Supply System.
o Assigned by the Defense Logistics Service Center, Battle Creek, Michigan.
 Cognizance Symbol (COG)
o Two position alpha-numeric code.
o Identifies the Navy inventory manager, or cognizant authority, of the specific
category of material that item falls under.
 Example: The COG for all CESE is 2C.
 All CESE falls into the same category of material, which means all CESE
has the same cognizant inventory manager.
 Allowance Parts List (APL)
o Lists all the repair parts installed in the equipment or component to which it
applies.
o Also lists the equipment or component’s operating parameters and
capabilities.
o Each piece of equipment or component has a separate APL.
o APLs are filed in Part II of the COSAL.
 Allowance Equipage List (AEL)
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


o Lists all the equipment a specific unit or platform is supposed to have.
o Examples:
 Camp Maintenance Builder Shop would have an AEL.
 Possible entry on a ship AEL would be life rings.
Not Carried (NC)
o Material the supply department does not stock.
Not in Stock (NIS)
o Material the supply department carries, but is out of when requested.
Selected Item Management (SIM)
o Inventory control.
o If a part is requested two or more times in a six month period, it is identified
for SIM.
o All SIM items are inventoried quarterly.
o Non-SIM items are inventoried semi-annually.
107.15 Describe the purpose of a Report of Deficiency (ROD) (SF 364) and the Quality
Deficiency Report (QDR) (SF 368), including the situation requiring its submission.
 Report of Deficiency (ROD) - SF 364
o Used to record shipping or packaging discrepancies.
o Material shipped to a wrong activity.
o Erroneous material or unacceptable substitutes.
o Items not received or are received in damaged condition (at least $100 per line
item).
o Wrong quantity shipped (at least $100 per line item).
o Technical data markings are missing or incomplete.
 Quality Deficiency Report (QDR) - SF 368
o Documents deficiencies with the quality of the product due to design flaws.
o Two categories:
 Category I: Quality deficiency which will cause death or serious injury or
illness; would cause loss or major damage to weapon system; directly
restricts combat readiness of a unit; or causes production line stoppage.
 Category II: All other quality deficiencies.
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SUPPLY/LOGISTICS FUNDAMENTALS
NMCB PQS 102
102.3 State the purpose of the Non-Operational Ready-Supply/Anticipated NonOperational Ready-Supply (NORS/ANORS) Program.
NORS/ANORS
• NORS Not Operationally Ready – Supply:
– Requisition processing is given top priority (A).
– Delivery date is expedited (potentially overnight rush).
• ANORS Anticipated Not Operationally Ready – Supply:
– Requisition processing is given high priority (B)
– Required delivery date assigned is before the date deadline is anticipated.
102.4 State the purpose of the Camp Maintenance Store Room (CMSR).
 CMSR houses repair parts for in-camp preventive maintenance.
 Controlled by either S-4 or Camp Maintenance, depending on the battalion’s
preference.
102.5 Explain the uses of the International Merchant Purchase Authorization Card
(IMPAC) (VISA)
IMPAC – International Merchant Purchase Authorization Card
 Government credit card.
 Used for local purchase when a requisition cannot be filled through the Navy
Stock System and the item cost is less than $2500.
 Only trained cardholders are authorized to make purchases.
 Purchase examples:
o Consumables- paper, pencils.
o Services- commercial printing, repair contracts.
o Construction materials- plywood and nails.
102.6 Discuss how the OPTAR/Budget impacts your NMCB unit.
 OPTAR funds are used for operation and maintenance- Navy (OM&N) needs
ONLY.
 Cannot buy project materials with this money
 NMCB OPTARs are divided into five categories:
o 01- Consumables and Services
o 02- Maintenance Repair Parts (CESE)
o 03- Camp Maintenance
o 04- Deployment Per Diem
o 08- Det swings, training, emergency leave
 Funds cannot be transferred between these different “pots” of money.
102.7 Describe the difference between organic and augment tools, equipment, and repair
parts.
 Organic Tools
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
o Tools that are included in a basic allowance of tools.
o This basic allowance of tools enables an activity to carry out operational
requirements.
o Allowance items are selected to provide support in a contingency situation.
o Organic allowances are not designed to meet every need.
Augment Tools
o Tools NOT in TOA may be requested when an assigned project requires more
or specific tools to accomplish task.
102.8 State where to find the Master Packing Plan (MPP) and TOA As-Packed (TAP)
report in a containerized TOA.
 Master Packing Plan (MPP)
o In order to mount-out the TOA for contingency response, it is pre-packed and
containerized.
o The MPP assigns each item in the TOA to a specific container and a specific
location inside of that container.
o The MPP is kept by the TOA Custodian (typically an SK) in Supply.
 TOA As-Packed (TAP) Containerized TOA
o When a container is packed, an inventory, called the TAP, is completed.
o The TAP is placed in a sealed, waterproof envelope and attached to the inside
of the container door.
o The container is then sealed.
o The TAP reports inside of the containers should match the MPP retained by
the TOA custodian
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SUPPLY/LOGISTICS FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 103
103.1 Discuss the Pre-positioned War Reserve Management System (PWRMS) and how
it is utilized within the Naval Construction Force (NCF).
 Active NMCB units have a complete TOA assigned to the custody of the NCBs
and their Fleet CINCs.
 The TOA for reserve NCF units and CBUs is managed under the PWRMS
program.
 The PWRMS program is managed and controlled by Seabee Logistics Center
(SLC) for the program sponsor CNO (N41).
 SLC’s Responsibilities
o Develops/maintains TOA standards
o Ensures equipment in TOA air-certifiable
o Procures, stores, maintains PWRMS for NCF reserve units
o Provides/coordinates planning, programming, budgeting of all TOA and
PWRMS Implements centralized CESE & PWRMS mgmt
o Maximizes program cost effectiveness
o Coordinates Advanced Base Functional Components (ABFC) and TOA
for NCF units
o Serves as Logistics Agent for NCF participation in MPF Program
(***NCF MPF TOAs are PWRMS!)
103.2 Discuss the Maritime Pre-positioned Force (MFP) principles of strategy and their
relationship in support of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF).
 Definition; A strategic deployment option that quickly combines substantial prepositioned equipment/supplies loaded aboard ships of a Maritime Pre-positioning
Ship Squadron (MPSRON) with a Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) to
establish a mechanized force.
 MAGTF, Naval Construction Regiment (NCR), Naval Support Element (NSE)
personnel, selected equipment, combat aircraft flown into arrival and assembly
area (AAA) where Maritime Pre-positioning Force (MPF) operation occurs
 Capabilities/Functions of MPF
o Reinforce amphibious operation
o Occupy/reinforce advanced naval base
o Reinforce ally with credible force prior to hostilities
o Establish sizable force ashore in support of ops ashore
o Augment fleet defense by providing tactical air support from ashore
o Provide rapid peacetime response for Military Operations other Than War
(i.e. disaster relief)
 Calls for MPSRON forward deployed with combat equipment and sustaining
supplies for MAGTF of 17,000 personnel for 30 days
o (1) MPF Operation is ordered
o (2) Marines, Sailors, Seabees of MAGTF, NSE, NSR airlifted by Air
Mobility Command (AMC) to AAA
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o
o
o
o


(3) Equipment/supplies off-loaded and issued to combat units
(4) MAGTF Commander states he is combat ready
(5) MPF terminated
(6) Operational control of MAGTF transferred to numbered fleet
commander, joint/combined task force commander, or geographic
commander, Marine Forces for subsequent operations ashore
Phases of MPF Operations
o (1) Planning
o (2) Marshalling
o (3) Movement
o (4) Arrival and Assembly
5 Movement Groups for MPF Operations
o (1) Survey, Liaison, Reconnaissance Party (SLRP): forms initial element
of Advance Party, disestablished when AAA Operations Group (AAAOG)
established, activated for operations
o (2) Off-Load Preparation Party (OPP): maintenance/equipment operators
from MAGTF elements and NSE who become nucleus of ship’s
debarkation teams upon completion of off-load preparations
o (3) Advance Party: formed from personnel from SLRP +
equipment/individuals from deploying elements of MB; establishes
AAAOG, Leading Force Support Party (LFSP), and AAAOG Elements
o (4) Main Body: remaining forces not in AAA operations (i.e. combat
forces)
o (5) Flight Ferry: involves movement of self-deploying aircraft, including
associated support personnel equipment and aerial refueling aircraft
103.3 List the different echelons of your unit’s Table of Allowance (TOA).
 In both contingency and day-to-day operations, NCF unit may be required to
support, simultaneously, multiple projects, tasks, locations.
 Preplanning for such contingencies/management of resources required to support
these operations are aided by “echeloning” certain TOAs.
 Echeloning is based on anticipated prioritization of personnel,
material/equipment, availability of airlift vs. sealift support
 All echelons combined from NAVFAC P-25 (NMCB TOA) for 763 personnel
P25
Air Det
AD (P25A)
or TA-41
Personnel
2 Officers
87 Enlisted
CESE
34
Tons of Air Cargo 250-300
Cost
$2.86M
Time to Deploy
48 hrs
Air Echelon Sea Echelon
AE (P25C)
SE (P25D)
or TA-31
or TA-32
649
25
103
1250
$17.9M
6 days
105
0
$9.5M
30 day arrival
- 62 -

Current Transition to Modules
TOA - P25M
o (1) Fly in Mod
 782 Gear
 Personal weapons
 Some Comm Gear
 MREs
 Basic support items
o (2) Core Mod
 250 man Camp
 59 pieces CESE
 Tools for 250 Det
 Full support for Air Det size unit
o (3) Basic Mod
 B/C Co Shops
 38 pieces of CESE
 Vertical const support
 ABM
 Trenchers
 HQ Co items
o (4) Heavy Mod
 A Co Shops
 A Co large tools
 42 pieces of CESE
 Horizontal const support
 Water well/pile driving/Distributor
MPF (Enhanced) Echelons
CORE
ECHELON
BASIC
ECHELON
HEAVY
ECHELON
FLY IN
ECHELONS
Core Module
Core Module
Core Module
AD Party
Basic Module
(Vertical)
Heavy Module
(Horizontal)
MN Body
OPP
NCR Module
NCR Module
NCR Module
SLRP
- 63 -
NMCB TOAs “PRESENT & FUTURE”
NMCB
AIRDET
With Modular Echelons
Fly in Echelon
*FIE
Core Echelon
*Core Mod
Basic Echelon
*Basic Echelon
*Core Mod
Heavy Echelon
*Heavy Echelon
*Core Mod
AIR Echelon
SEA
Echelon
4400 Seabee Supply Manuel
P-485 Supply Manuel Float
P-437 Advanced Base Functional Component
 Volume 1: Broken down to Component, Facility, then Assembly
 Volume 2: Contains all the drawings and blueprints for all NCF projects
- 64 -
COMMUNICATION FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 108
108.1 Describe Communications Security (COMSEC) and the role of the
Communications Security Material System (CMS) custodian.
 COMSEC or CMS is a mission that provides security to naval communications
and communication material.
 CMS is an acronym for the system that provides measures to deny unauthorized
persons information of value which may be gained by the possession or study of
naval telecommunications.
 Custodian duties / responsibilities
o The mission of the CMS is to ensure the proper distribution, handling, control,
and security of COMSEC material in use throughout the Navy.
108.2 Define the term Two-Person Integrity (TPI)
• Personnel are not normally permitted to work alone in areas where top secret
information or information controlled under special access program procedures is
used or stored and is accessible to those employees
108.3 Define the following terms.
• Encryption - Encryption is the process of converting intelligible information into
an unintelligible form for transmission
• Authentication is a security measure Designed to protect a communication system
against fraudulent transmissions
• Access: Having a “security clearance” means that You are eligible for access to
information up to the level shown
• Classification: Information is classed when it requires Protection in the interest of
National security.
• Compromise: Any breach or possible breach of Security or classified material is
known as a compromise and must be dealt with immediately.
• Need to know: Having access means that you are eligible for accessing material at
a certain classification level.
• Restricted areas
o Exclusion area: Where access to the area means access to classified
information because the equipment cannot be covered.
o Limited area: An area with classified information a visitor could gain access
to.
o Controlled area: Next to or surrounds an exclusion or limited area. All of these
areas are clearly marked by signs reading “SECURITY AREA – KEEP OUT”
• Security Clearance: Before a person is allowed access to classified information,
he or she must have a security clearance
108.4 State the proper use of the phonetic alphabet, numerals, and pro-words.
- 65 -
•
•
•
•
Verbal procedures: During combat activities, thunderstorms, or other high
background noise levels, voice communications may require spelling certain
words phonetically.
Phonetic alphabet: Phonetic spelling provides clarity and emphasis to ensure the
information is received correctly.
Numbers are transmitted digit by digit except that exact multiples of hundreds and
thousands may be spoken as such.
Pro-words: Difficult words or groups within the text of the message may be
spelled out using the phonetic alphabet and should be started with the pro-word “I
Spell phonetically” “Figures to follow”
o Precedence Pro-words:
 Flash (Z)
 Immediate
 Priority
 Routine
o Read Back: Means to transmit the entire transmission back exactly as you
received it.
o Say Again: All of your last transmission.
o Roger: Means I have received your last transmission satisfactorily.
o Over: This is the end of my transmission to you and a response is necessary.
o Figures: Numerals or numbers to follow.
o I say again: I am repeating transmission or portion indicated.
108.5 Define the following terms
• Minimize: A condition wherein normal message and telephone traffic is
drastically reduced in order that messages connected with an actual emergency
shall not be delayed.
• EFFI: ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FRIENDLY INFORMATION
o A code that allows us to notify one another of a security breach that has
occurred over a circuit.
• BEADWINDOW: Term used to identify an EEFI violation. Example
“Beadwindow Three” indicates to the transmitting station that the radio operator
has violated security. BEADWINDOW procedures are incorporated into the
OPORD.
• GINGERBREAD: Warning sent over the net to alert operators that hostile forces
are attempting to intrude on the net by Imitative Communications Deceptions
(ICD)
108.6 Define the following with respect to frequency and range.
• HF: High Frequency 2- 30 Mhz
• VHF: Very High Frequency 30 - 300 Mhz
• UHF: Ultra High Frequency 300 Mhz - 3 Mhz
- 66 -
108.7 Define the following classification categories
• Designations are keyed to the anticipated degree of damage to national security
that could result from unauthorized disclosure/compromise.
• Confidential: Identifiable damage
• Secret: Serious damage
• Top secret: Exceptionally grave damage
108.8 Define the term “emergency destruction” as it applies to Communication
equipment and CMS.
• In accordance with OPNAVINST 5510.1 is ordered by the commanding officer
and requires the destruction of all classified documents and equipment to prevent
their falling into enemy hands.
108.9 Explain the purpose of combat hand and arm signals in the field..
• The purpose of hand and arm signals is to communicate commands or information
in the field when voice or radio communication is difficult, impossible, or when
radio silence must be maintained.
108.10 Define the three methods of communications in the defense area and which is
most dependable
• Wire (telephone) and messengers are normally the Primary means of
communications in defense.
o These two methods are more secure than radio and provide a better method of
secure communications.
o Two or more wire lines should be installed over different routes to connect
two units.
o This allows communications to be quickly reestablished if one line becomes
inoperative or is discovered by the enemy.
• Visual and sound signals may be used to supplement wire communications, but
only when they do not compromise security.
108.11 Describe the factors that affect the capabilities of radio communications.
• Field radios are for line-of-sight communications; any obstruction between the
transmitting station and the receiving station may disrupt or block
communications.
• Factors such as valleys, densely wooded areas, towers, low lying areas, and
sources of electrical interference are common obstructions that have an adverse
effect on radio communications
108.12 Explain the purpose and use of the STU III telephone.
• Purpose: To allow secure voice communication when required.
• Use: Use as authorized as per unit SOP and equipment requirements.
- 67 -
COMMUNICATION FUNDAMENTALS
NMCB PQS 103
103.1 State the general characteristics, operator maintenance and antenna systems for
the following.
 Radio Operator Maintenance
o Antennas
 Make sure antennas are clean
 Check antenna elements for damage
 Make sure the (ground strap) is securely installed to the vehicle and
antenna base.
o Cables and cable connectors
 Check cables for cuts, cracks, and breaks
 Make sure cable connectors are secure
 Make sure cable connectors are securely attached to cables
o Controls and switches
 Make sure each control moves smoothly while you operate your radio
 Make sure all knobs are secure on their shafts
 If a switch has detents, make sure each position has a solid feel to it.
o Mounting and assembly hardware
 Check for loose nuts, bolts, and screws
 Check for corrosion, rust, and deterioration of all metal parts.
o Cleaning: Keep radio as clean as possible
o Preparation for Movement
 Manpack Radio: If you won’t be using your radio, remove and stow the
antenna and handset.
 Vehicular Radio. Make sure the antenna is properly tied down for
movement.
 AN/PRC 119E
o VHF SINCGARS Radio (R/T 1523)
o 30 to 87.975 MHz freq.
o 2320 channels/freq.'s
o Sends and receives secure voice and digital data
o 6 ComSec channels/ 6 Frequency hopping channels
o 8 Single Channels (SC) for plain text
o Transmits 200 meters to 10 Kilometers or more
o Batteries last 4 (BB690) to 30 (BA5590) hrs depending on type & use
o Antenna Systems
 3ft Tape - up to 5 miles
 10ft whip - up to 10 miles
 OE-254 - up to 36 miles
 AN/GRA-39
o Provides capability to remote operator up to 2 miles away using WD-1 wire
o Power source- 12 d-cell batteries.
o C-2328 - Remote unit (locate in COC/CP)
- 68 -





o C-2329 - Local unit (locate in ant farm)
AN/VRC 92A
o Base Station
o Two RT/1523 radios
o 50 watt output
o Two power amps
o Longer VHF ranges of 10 km to 40km
o Requires 24 volt DC power supply for stationary operations
o Capable of retrans use
o Antenna Systems
 10ft - AS 3900
 OE-254
AN/VRC 90A
o Same as VRC 92A except only one RT/1523 utilized
AN/PRC 150
o HF SINCGARS Radio (R/T 1694)
o 2 to 30 MHz freq.
o 280,000 channels/freq.'s
o 4 modes of operation – USB, LSB, ISB, (AM, CW)
o Normally operated in Upper Side Band (USB)
o Transmits 10 to 1,000 miles
o Requires (2) BA5590 Lithium batteries or BB-390 rechargeable batteries
Retransmit Station
o Double VHF range
o One VRC 92A
o VRC’s on power amp
o 2 retrans radio’s do not require fill
o Retrans radio’s can’t hear data passing through
o Needs 3 MHz difference minimum
o Radio A (VRC 90A) to C (One R/T 1523 of a VRC 92A), C to D (other R/T
1523 of a VRC 92A) (freq change), then D to B (separate VRC 90A)
o Ex:
(top of a hill)
-C – DA-B
VHF Handheld SABER
o Handheld secure radio
o VHF radio with 2.5 - 6 watts
o Need radio interface box to fill
o VHF - 138 to 174 MHz
o Range - 1 to 3 miles
o Operator Maintenance
 Clean and corrosion free
 Ensure all knobs and switches function correctly
 Check antenna for cracks and splits
- 69 -

Ensure battery charger contacts are not broken
103.2 State the general characteristics and operator maintenance of the following
interconnecting wire communication assets.
 SB-3614 – 30 line stacked (3X) switchboard
o Operator uses headset 312
o Hand ringing generator
o Conference call capability
o Audio/visual call indicator
o Uses PS 8292 power supply
 SB-22 – (back up to SB-3614) 12 line switchboard
o Operator uses headset
o Hand ringing generator
o Can interconnect calls
o 29 line packs when stacked (2)
o Uses 4 “D” cell batteries when used with operator pack
o Audio/visual call indicator
o Consist of four basic parts.
 The Operators Pack
 The Line and Trunk Pack
 The Accessory Kits
 The Handset-Headset
 TA-312 - 2 wire tactical phone
o Talks up to 14 miles wet, up to 22 miles dry
o Operates on 2 “D” cells
o Press to talk handset
o Hand crank to call distant stations
o Talk 4 miles in ear piece with dead batteries
o Can be used to detonate Claymore mines with hand crank ringer
 TA-1
o Hand held Comm device
o Uses WD-1 wire
o Talks 4-7 miles
o Squeeze signal generator
o Press to talk button
o Light weight and easy to store
o Normally configured in gun loop
o Operator Maintenance
 Remove dirt and moisture from housing, handset, cord, or connector.
Inspect painted surfaces for bare spots, rust or corrosion. Inspect surfaces
for cuts or cracks.
 Inspect handset cord for breaks, cuts or deterioration. Inspect for
inoperative binding posts, broken connector, or hand set connection.
 TA-838
o 3 digit phone
o Uses WD-1 wire
- 70 -

WD-1 Comm Wire
o One pair of two wires
o 3 stell and 4 copper strands
o 200 lb tensile strength
o Wrap copper around stell wires to slice
o Increase # of slices reduces talking distance
o Wire bundles:
 RL-159 = 1 mile
 MX-306 = ½ mile
 DR-8 = ¼ miles
o CX4566 (26 pair WD-1 wire) – 26 pair assault cable
 25’
 100’
 250’ (used by battalion)
 500’
103.3 Describe the general characteristics and operator maintenance for AN/PSN-11
Global Positioning System (GPS)
 PLGR - “Plugger”
 Receives encrypted code
 Anti-jam capability
103.5 State the use of the following Communications Security Material System (CMS)
Equipment
 AN/CYZ-10
o Encryption equipment
o Stores over 1000 crypto fills
o Loaded from EKMS or KOI - 18/KYK-13/KYK-15 or another CYZ-10
o Loads the Frequency Hopping Program
103.6 Describe the tactical employment and purpose of Naval Mobile Construction
Battalion communication systems.
 Tactical Employment Loops:
o Rifleman - Fireteam Leader - SQD Leader
o SQD Leader - PLT Leader - Company CP
o Company CP - COC
o COC - Regiment/ MAGTAF
 Purpose: Strong coordination between rifleman up to MAGTAF and beyond can
ensure a victorious outcome for any combat mission assigned to a Seabee
organization.
AN/PSC 5 (Antenna) Satellite Communications (SATCOM) & PRC-117 (Radio unit)
 VHF and UHG 30 TO 3999.995 MHz
 Embedded COMSEC
 One way transmission/Reception
- 71 -
J-1077
 Convert multiple pairs of WD-1 wire to the CX4566 (26 pr WD-1 wire)
Antennas
 AS2259 – HF
 AT1011 – HF
 TR72 – HF


OE254 – VHF
AN/PSC5 - UHF
- 72 -
COMMUNICATION FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 104
104.1 Discuss the major components of a Communications, Electronics, Operating
Instruction (CEOI)
 Contains Technical Guidance Required to Establish and Maintain
Communications
 Provides:
o The Details to Coordinate and Control All Unit Communications
o A Standardized Source of Information
 Enhances:
o Operational Capability
o Security
 The CEOI contains:
o General Communications Instructions
o Call Sign Assignments
o Frequency Assignments
o Radio Net Circuit Designator
o Wire/Cable Trunk Circuit Designations
o Wire/Cable Tagging Codes
o Identification and Marking Panel Codes
o Signal Panel Message Instructions
o Pyrotechnic and Smoke Codes
o Grounds-Air Signals
o Sound Warning Signals
o General Cryptographic Instructions
o Current Effective Editions of the Crypto Key Lists
o Codes and Ciphers
o Passwords/Challenges
o General Authentication Instructions
o Effective Authentication Tables
o Telephone Directory Names/Numbers
o Teletype and Data Routing Indicators
o Cryptographic Devices to be Used
104.2 List the communication gear found in your unit’s Table of Allowance (TOA)
 ***See P25M for latest numbers***
 Old P-25 section 015
o Air Echelon Communication Equipment
 Weight : 17 Tons
 Cost : $ 2.3 M
 Assemblies - NavAids/Phones
o GPS (AN/PSN-11)
(10)
o STU 3 Phone
(7)
o STU 3 Cell Phone
(2)
- 73 -




o Secure Modem(SDD-1910)
o Tactical Fax(AN/UXC-7)
o Commercial Fax (COTS)
o UHF SATCOM (AN/PSC-5)
o SATCOM Telephone (INMARSAT)
o Field Phone (TA-838)
o Field Phone (TA-312)
o Switchboard (SB-22)
o Switchboard (SB-3614)
o Sound Powered Phone (TA-1)
Assemblies - VHF Radios(Short Range)
o SINCGARS Family
 AN/VRC- 90A (vehicle)
 AN/PRC- 92A (base station)
 AN/VRC- 119A (manpack)
o Handheld Radios
 SABERS (saber 1)
 Base Station (P-1755)
o Antennas
 OE-254
Assemblies - HF Radios(Long Range)
o MANPACK
 AN/PRC-138B (replace 104s)
o VEHICLE
 AN/GRC-231V
o BASE STATION
 AN/GRC-231A
o ANTENNA
 AS-2259
Assemblies CRYPTO Gear
o AN/CYZ-10(software)
Assemblies- Accessories/Misc
o Remote System (AN/GRA-39)
o Battery Support (3 days)
o Reeling Machines (RL-27/31)
o Power Supply (transformers)
o 250ft Assault Cable (26pr)
o Junction Boxes
o Power Supply (transformers)
o SAFE (Single Drawer)
o Tools (Lineman’s)
o Field Wire (1 mile)
o Test Equipment
o Power Strips/ Shredder/etc...
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(14)
(93)
(8)
(1)
(40)
(15)
(9)
(50)
(65)
(3)
(24)
(5)
(15)
(15)
(6)
(20)
(30)
(1)
(8)
(30)
(20)
(8)
(30)
(2)
(16)
(20)
(?)
- 74 -
COMMUNICATION PLAN
LP/OP
GUNLOOP
LP/OP
GUNLOOP
SQUAD LEADER
SQUAD LEADER
ALFA CO.
BRAVO CO.
CHARLIE CO.
J
1
0
7
7
26 PAIR WD-1 WIRE
DELTA/REAC
SUPPLY
J
1
0
7
7
J
1
0
7
7
J
1
0
7
7
MOBILE ACOC
FDC
COM PLAN
HOTLINE
FSC
EPW
HF DATA
COC
SYSCON/TACON
WATCH OFFICER
ADJACENT UNIT
ARMORY
DISPATCH
BAS
ECP 1
C
O
O
R
D
C
O
F
M
E
D
E
V
A
C
B
A
T
T
A
C
/
D
A
T
A
B
A
T
T
A
C
ECP 2
LEGEND__________
_ PRC-150
UP TO 2 MI
C
O
M
M
P
A
T
R
O
L
/
C
O
N
V
O
Y
SB-3614
TR-72
TA-838
VRC-92
TA-312
VRC-92F
TA-1
PRC-119
BATLAN
SERVER
OE-254
DOLSH
LAPTOP
GRA-39(LOCAL)
ANT FARM
GALLEY
ASP
GRA-39(REMOTE)
”
NMCB ONE “FIRST AND THE FINEST
MAIN BODY COMMUNICATIONS PLAN
WD-1 WIRE
- 75
VHF TACLAN
FIBER OPTICS
-
WEAPONS FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 109
109.1 Explain when the safety is moved to the fire position.
• The safety of any weapon is to remain on safe until you are actually aiming at a
target and ready to fire.
• Only then will the safety of any weapon be moved to the fire position.
109.2 Define the four weapon conditions:
• Condition One - Magazine is inserted, a round must be in position to fire
(chambered), and the safety is on.
• Condition Two - Magazine is inserted, a round must be in position to fire
(chambered), the weapons action is closed, and the hammer must be forward.
This condition applies to weapons with external hammers except for the M9
Service pistol.
• Condition Three - Magazine is inserted, chamber is empty, the action is closed
and the safety is on.
• Condition Four - All ammo is removed, the chamber is empty, the action is closed
and the safety is on.
109.3 Describe the precautions required when receiving a weapon
• Ensure the weapon is safe by clearing it. This will depend on the type of weapon.
• In general, make sure the weapon is on safe
• The chamber is empty and no magazine is inserted
• The weapon is pointed in a safe direction
109.4 Describe the following terms, hazards, and immediate actions associated with
each:
 Malfunction
o The failure of a weapon to function satisfactorily, usually because of excess
friction caused by dirt, improper lubrication or carbon buildup.
o Immediate action - You must stop and clean the weapon to correct this
problem.
 Misfire
o A complete failure to fire, NOT a delay in firing that may be caused by a
faulty firing mechanism or a faulty element in the propelling charge explosive
train.
o Immediate action - The following steps are to be followed:
 Strike the forward assist to be sure the extractor has engaged a round.
 Tap upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated.
 Pull the charging handle to the rear.
 If round is ejected, released handle, strike forward assist and attempt to
fire.
- 76 -



If round is not ejected, check for a round in the chamber, if it is clear,
released handle, strike forward assist and attempt to fire.
 If a round is stuck in the chamber it must be removed before attempting to
reload/re-chamber.
Cook Off
o The functioning of any or all of the explosive components of a cartridge
chambered in a hot weapon due to the heat from continual firing of that
weapon.
o Immediate action - When this occurs:
 Attempt to remove the cartridge before ten seconds elapse.
 If a cartridge is chambered in a hot weapon and can neither be fired or
removed, keep the weapon pointed in a safe direction.
 Allow for a minimum of 15 minutes to elapse before taking any further
action.
Stoppage
o Any interruption in the cycle of functioning caused by faulty action of the
weapon or ammunition.
o Immediate action - Without analyzing the cause the following steps are to be
followed:
 Strike the forward assist to be sure the extractor has engaged a round.
 Tap upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated.
 Pull the charging handle to the rear.
 If round is ejected, released handle, strike forward assist and attempt to
fire.
 If round is not ejected, check for a round in the chamber, if it is clear,
released handle, strike forward assist and attempt to fire.
 If a round is stuck in the chamber it must be removed before attempting to
reload/re-chamber.
109.5 State the eight steps of operation in a firing cycle.
• Every weapon has a cycle of operation.
• This cycle is a group of actions that takes place upon the firing of one round and
that must occur before firing of the next round.
• There are eight steps in the cycle:
o Feeding - The feeding action places a round in the receiver just to the rear of
the chamber.
o Chambering - Takes place as the moving bolt strips the round and forces it
into the chamber.
o Locking - Holds the bolt in the forward position for a short period of time to
prevent the loss of gas pressure.
o Firing - The firing pin actually strikes the primer of the cartridge.
o Unlocking - After the round is fired, the bolt unlocks and moves rearward.
o Extracting - The process of pulling the empty case back out of the chamber.
As the bolt moves rearward extraction occurs
o Ejecting - As the casing is extracted, ejection occurs as it is thrown out of the
weapon.
- 77 -
o Cocking - The retraction of the firing mechanism against spring pressure so
that there will be sufficient energy to fire the next cartridge.
109.6: Explain the differences between semiautomatic and automatic operation
• A semiautomatic weapon unlocks, extracts, ejects, cocks and reloads
automatically.
• However, the trigger must be pulled each time to fire a round.
• An automatic weapon unlocks, extracts, ejects, cocks and reloads automatically.
• An automatic weapon will fire as long as the trigger is pulled and rounds are
available to fire.
109.7 Define the following terms:
• Trajectory - The flight path the bullet takes from the weapon to the target.
• Breech - The rear end of the barrel.
• Bore - The actual hole in the barrel. It can be rifled or not.
• Chamber - The enlarged part of the bore at the breech that holds the cartridge.
• Muzzle - The front or forward end of the barrel.
• Muzzle Velocity - The speed at which the bullet travels when it leaves the muzzle
of the barrel.
• Maximum Range - The greatest distance a round will travel.
• Maximum Effective Range - The greatest distance at which a weapon may be
expected to fire accurately to inflict damage or casualties.
109.8 Describe small arms ammunition by using color codes:
• Orange or Red - Tracer rounds.
• Violet - Blank Rounds.
• Black - Armor piercing.
• Aluminum - Armor piercing, incendiary.
• Green or Brass - Standard ball ammunition.
109.10 State the maximum range, maximum effective range, purpose, tactical
employment, types of fire and types of ammunition of the following weapons:
 See Chart
 M9 9mm Service pistol
o THREE SAFETY FEATURES.
 Ambidextrous Safety - Allows for safe operation of the pistol by right and
left handed users. Lowers the hammer safely without causing an
accidental discharge.
 Firing Pin Block - Prevents any motion of the firing pin and is only
overcome by pulling the trigger.
- 78 -

Half Cock Notch - Prevents accidental discharge. If the cocked hammer
should fall forward due to a mechanical failure, this would catch on the
sear before the hammer would strike the firing pin.
109.11 Describe the six types of grenades.
 Fragmentation – M67
o Grenades designed to inflict personnel casualties and damage to light
equipment by projecting high velocity fragments from the detonated grenade
case.
o The effective casualty-producing radius is about 50 feet (15 meters).
 Illuminating Grenades – MK 1
o Grenades used mainly to light up the terrain in night operations.
o The Mk 1 is the only illuminating grenade currently available.
o It provides about 55,000 candlepower for a period of 25 seconds.
 Chemical Grenades – M25A2
o Grenades that are chemical filled munitions designed to be thrown by the
individual or projected from the service rifle using a special adapter.
o Used for incendiary, screening, signaling, training and riot control purposes
o ABC-M25A2, riot control hand grenade is the most commonly used
o Filled with a type of tear gas chemical that causes irritation and watering eyes.
 Incendiary Grenades – AN-M14
o AN-M14 incendiary Thermite is used to ignite combustible materials and to
destroy all types of equipment.
o This TH grenade is cylindrical in shape and weighs 32 ounces (900 grams).
o Contains filler of 26.5 ounces (751 grams) of Thermite mixture.
o It uses an igniting delay fuse that sets fire to the Thermite.
o The Thermite burns at a temperature of about 4,300
o Once pin is pulled, GRENADE MUST BE THROWN! NEVER REPLACE
THE SAFETY PIN
 Smoke Grenades – M15WP, M34WP, M8
o Grenades that are cylindrical in shape and weigh about 27 ounces (765
grams).
o They can be thrown about 40 yards (37 meters) with an effective casualty
radius of nearly 30 yards (27 meters).
 Practice and Training Grenades – M57
o Used to train personnel in the care, handling, and use of grenades prior to
using actual service grenades.
o These grenades are used for training personnel in the care, handling, and use
of hand grenades before using service grenades.
o Practice grenades simulate the functioning of service grenades to provide
realism in training.
109.12 Explain hand grenade safety procedures.
Safety
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hand grenade safety precautions must be observed by everyone who handles
and/or throws any and all types, and by other persons who may be within the
grenade's danger area.
Anyone within the danger area of a casualty-producing grenade (about 55 yards or
50 meters) must wear a steel helmet.
When the safety pin is pulled, the safety lever or arming device should be held
down firmly until it is thrown
All personnel handling casualty producing grenades must wear proper protection
Never attempt to defuze hand grenades
Do not remove the safety pin until ready to throw
Do not attach grenades to clothing or equipment
Riot control grenades should not be thrown within 5 meters of personnel
Smoke grenades should not be used in closed areas
Wait 5 min before approaching a dud
• Wait 30 min before approaching a chemical dud
109.13 Describe the placement, aiming safety requirements, coverage, and methods of
firing the M18A1 Claymore Mine.
• A directional, fixed-fragmentation mine that is designed primarily for use against
massed infantry attacks.
• It is equipped with a fixed plastic, slit type sight, adjustable legs and two
detonator wells.
• Placement: This mine should be positioned so as to afford all friendly personnel,
within 110 yards (100 meters) to the rear and sides of the mine, the opportunity to
take adequate cover. Should be sighted on a point 8 ft high at a distance of 50
meters. Placement no closer than 5 m and no farther apart than 45 m and the
preferred lateral and rearward separation distance is approximately 25 meters.
• Arming: After the M18A1 mine is positioned and properly aimed, it is armed by
first opening the blasting cap assembly and unrolling the wire from either the
firing position or the mine.
o The wire is secured by wrapping a few turns of wire around a leg of the mine
and burying it, if possible.
• Safety requirements: Before attaching the firing device directly, the circuit should
be checked for continuity with the test set provided to ensure that the mine will
function at the desired time.
o The firing device has a safety bail with two positions.
o In the upper (safe) position, it acts as a block between the firing handle and
the generator.
o In the lower (fire) position, it allows the generator to be activated.
o The instructions provided with the M7 bandoleer should be carefully followed
by anyone using these mines.
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•
Range / Coverage: When detonated, the M18A1 mine will project steel spheres
over a 60 degree fan-shaped pattern approximately 6 feet (1.8 meters) high and
164 feet (50 meters) wide to an optimum effective range of 55 yards (50 meters).
o These steel fragments are moderately effective up to a range of approximately
110 yards (100 meters), can travel up to 275 yards (250 meters) and 100m
behind the mine is all danger area.
Methods of firing: M18A1 mine can be in either an uncontrolled or a controlled
role. An uncontrolled mine is essentially a booby-trap.
o This use by Seabees is not authorized. In a controlled role, the operator
detonates the mine as the enemy approaches within the killing zone.
o By using either an electrical or a non-electrical firing system, the operator can
control detonation.
o In almost all cases, mines employed by Seabees will be fired electrically with
the M57 firing device.
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WEAPONS FUNDAMENTALS
NMCB PQS 104
104.2 Describe loading/unloading procedures for the M60 Machine Gun
 Loading
o Point weapon down range
o Place safety in the “F” (fire) position
o Use cocking handle to pull the bolt to the rear
o When the sear holds bolt rearward, return cocking handle forward and place
the safety in the “S” (safe) position
o Raise the cover and ensure the feed tray, receiver and chamber are clear
o Place the first round in the feed tray groove and close the cover, making sure
the round stays in the groove
o Move safety to “F”
o The weapon is now ready to fire
 Un-Loading
o Point weapon down range
o Move safety to “F” (fire) position
o Pull charging handle rearward to lock the bolt to the rear, then return the
charging handle forward
o Place the safety in the “S” (safe) position
o Raise the cover and remove the belt and rounds from the tray.
o Ensure that chamber and face of bolt are clear
o Lower feed tray and close cover
o CAUTION- DO NOT ALLOW BOLT TO SLAM FORWARD ON EMPTY
CHAMBER
104.4 Name the three types of emplacements that might be employed in a defensive
position.
• Employed as a squad (sqdldr & 2-4 person gun tms)
o Support the rifleman in offense & defense
o Provide heavy volumes of controlled, accurate and continuous fire
• Engage predetermined targets in all visibility conditions
• Provide long range, close defensive and final protective fires
o Basis for FPF’s in the defensive fire plan
o Provide grazing fire
o Normally does not exceed 800 mils right to left (45 degrees)
o Adjacent Machine gun squad sectors should overlap.
• Final Protective Fire (FPF) - Defensive fire designed to break up the enemy’s
assault under any condition of visibility.
o A prearranged barrier of fire laid down just in front of the defense.
o Also planned to destroy or limit enemy penetrations into the defense.
o Fired on verbal command or predetermined signal.
• Final Protective Lines (FPL) -
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•
o Predetermined line of fire to obtain the maximum grazing fire from the
weapon.
o Used in terrain that has short ridges, draws and irregular slopes.
o Characterized by:
 Flanking Fire: Provides effective frontal coverage
 Interlocking: Reduces number of gaps & provides mutual support
 Grazing: Bullet does not rise above avg ht of person. Flat or even slope
700m max.
Principle Direction of Fire (PDF) o Used when terrain does not allow for effective FPL.
o Used to cover dangerous avenues of approach.
o May fall within the sector of fire or compromise either boundary.
104.5 Name the members of a M240B gun team and state what they are responsible for
carrying into a combat situation.
• Team Leader - Usually a PO2, responsible for effective employment of the gun.
o Responsible for changing the barrels during firing.
o Carries spare barrel kit, M122 tripod, and one bandoleer of ammo and armed
with a 9mm pistol.
• Gunner - Usually a PO3. Actually fires and maintains the gun.
o Carries the gun, one bandoleer of ammo and armed with a 9mm pistol.
• Ammo 1 - Usually a CN, acts as the supply person for the team.
o Carries one box of ammo, spare barrel case with T&E. Armed with an M16.
• Ammo 2 - Usually a CA.
o Carries two boxes of ammo. Armed with an M16.
104.6 Describe how tracer rounds are used.
• Observation of fire
• Incendiary effects
•
•
Signaling
Training
104.8 Describe loading/unloading procedures for the 40mm Machine Gun
 Loading
o Keep the weapon down range
o Make sure the bolt is forward. If not take the weapon off safe and ease the
charging handles forward.
o Open the cover
o Insert the first round through the feed throat
o Insert the first round through the feed throat
o Place the first round into the feeder. Female link first.
o Push the round across the first pawl
o Move the slide assembly to the left
o Close the cover
o Unlock and grasp the charging handles and charge weapon
 Un-Loading
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o
Place weapon on safe
Open cover
Remove remaining rounds and inspect chamber
Once clear, close cover
Place weapon on fire and use charging handles to “ride” bolt forward or press
trigger sending the bolt forward.
104.9 State the following capabilities/characteristics of the 40mm Machine Gun.
 Ammunition
o M383 HE - High explosive, designed to inflict personnel casualties. Arming
distance of 18 to 36m. 15m casualty radius
o M430 HEDP -High explosive, dual purpose
o M385E4/M385A1 - Training Practice with propellant.
o M918 TP - Target round with a flash signature.
o M922 Dummy - Inert
104.11 Describe loading/unloading procedures for the M2 Machine Gun
 Loading (Automatic mode)
o Make sure gun is clear
o Close the bolt
o Close feed cover
o Lock down the bolt latch release
o Insert the ammo
o Direction of Feed: Load so double end loop on ammo belt clicks into the
feedway.
o Cock the gun (the gun is now “half-cocked”)
o Re-cock the gun (now it is “fully-cocked”)
 Loading (Single shot mode)
o Make sure gun is clear
o Close the bolt
o Close feed cover
o Rotate bolt latch release lock in the up position to the right
o Insert the ammo
o Cock the gun (the gun is now “half-cocked”)
o Re-cock the gun (now it is “fully-cocked”)
o To fire another round you must push the bolt release allowing the bolt to go
home
 Un-Loading
o Place the gun in single shot mode
o Pull slide handle to the rear and lock bolt rearward
o Open the feed cover
o Clear all remaining links or rounds
o Inspect chamber insuring it is clear
o Press the bolt latch release and ride the bolt forward
o Close the feed cover and pull the bolt to the rear
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104.13 Describe setting headspace and timing on the .50 caliber machine gun
 Headspace - Distance between the bolt face and the base of a seated cartridge
(rnd).
 Correct when:
o Recoiling groups are fully forward
o No independent rearward movement between the bolt, barrel and barrel
extension
o Must be checked and set before gun is fired,
o When barrel is replaced and
o When correct setting is in doubt
 Headspace Gauge
o Tool used to check and set headspace
o Has “GO-NO GO” reading
 Headspace Adjustment
o Insert the “GO” side of the gauge between the bolt and rear of the barrel (Tslot)
o The gauge should enter freely up to the center ring
o Remove the gauge and place the “NO-GO” side in the T-slot
o If the “NO-GO” side does not enter, the headspace is set correctly
 Headspace Too Tight
o The “GO” side of the gauge cannot enter freely
o Pull back on the charging handle
o While holding it back, unscrew the barrel one notch (click)
o Ease the bolt forward
o Recheck the headspace with the gauge
 Headspace Too Loose
o If it is too loose the “NO-GO” side of the gauge will enter freely
o To adjust it follow the same procedures as if it were to tight, but tighten the
barrel
 Timing - Ensures that firing takes place when the recoiling parts are between .020
and .116 inch out of the battery (fully forward).
 Correct when:
o recoiling parts are locked together
o Firing takes place just before the recoiling parts are in the battery
o The gun fires on the “FIRE” gauge
o And WILL NOT on the “NO-FIRE” gauge
 Timing Adjustment
o Checked with the “FIRE” (.020 in) and “NO-FIRE” (.116 in) gauges
o Must be checked and/or set each time headspace is adjusted and whenever
timing is questionable
 Timing Adjustment Steps
o Check headspace first
o Ensure gun is cocked and bolt forward
o Raise the extractor
o Retract the bolt far enough to insert the “FIRE” gauge
o Place it between the extension and the trunnion block
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o Allow the barrel extension to close on the gauge
o Depress the trigger, the firing pin should release
o Retract the bolt far enough to remove the “FIRE” gauge, cocking the gun and
allow the bolt to go forward
o Retract the bolt far enough to insert the “NO-FIRE” gauge, place it in the
same position
o Depress the trigger, the firing pin should not release
Timing Late
o The firing pin will not release when the “FIRE” gauge in in place. If this
happens perform the following:
o Remove “FIRE” gauge
o Remove backplate assembly
o Locate and turn the trigger bar adjusting nut one notch to the right
o Reinstall the backplate assembly
o Reinsert the “FIRE” gauge and test again
Timing Early
o The firing pin will release when the “NO-FIRE” gauge in in place. If this
happens perform the following:
o Perform the same steps as if it were late except turn the trigger bar adjusting
nut on notch to the left
104.18 Describe the role and mission of the following.
 Forward Observer
o The “eyes” of the indirect fire team
o Primary mission is locating suitable targets and calling for and adjusting fire
on these targets.
o Additional mission of collecting intelligence.
 Fire Direction Center
o Provides the CO with a way to control and quickly mass fires
o Located in the HQ’s section of the mortar platoon
o Processes the calls for fire by plotting them on the firing chart
o From this chart, firing data is prepared and announced to the gun crews
 Fire Support Coordinator
 Approves all calls for fire that are requested.
 De-conflicts different fire missions in TOAR
 Ensures data for fire missions is accurate
104.20 Describe how the 40mm grenade launcher is held when fired.
 Standing - Used with targets less than 100m. Face target then half right, Right
hand pistol grip, left on magazine.
 Kneeling - Good for level ground or ground that slopes upward towards target.
Place body perpendicular to target. Same firing position as standing.
 Prone - Same as with rifle. When firing long range place butt of weapon on the
deck holding the 40mm grenade launcher.
104.21 Describe loading and unloading procedures for the 40mm grenade launcher.
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Ensure the weapon is on safe
Press the barrel latch and slide barrel forward
Insert round into the chamber
• Slide barrel assembly sharp rearward until barrel locks
Weapon is now loaded
Open barrel to eject round to unload
104.22 State the ammunition types of the 40mm Grenade Launcher
• HE round - High explosive, designed to inflict personnel casualties. 5m casualty
radius. Danger radius of 30m. Arms within 14m to 27m.
• HE air burst - Lands on the deck and bounces up 2m to explode. 5m casualty
radius. Arms within 14m to 27m.
• HEDP - High explosive, can penetrate 2 inches of steel. 5m casualty radius.
• TP - Training round with a flash signature. Danger radius of 20m
104.24 Describe loading and unloading procedures for the 12-gauge shotgun.
 Loading (Single Load)
o Ensure the weapon is on safe
o Press the action lock lever and slide barrel (fore-end) rearward
o Insert round into the barrel chamber
o Slide the barrel closed
o Weapon is now loaded
 Loading (Magazine Load)
o Ensure the weapon is on safe
o Slide barrel (fore-end) forward
o Insert round into the magazine
o Weapon is now loaded without round in chamber
o Open and close barrel to chamber a round
 Unloading
o Open barrel to eject round to unload
104.28 Describe loading and unloading procedures for the 5.56mm M16A2 rifle.
 Loading
o Ensure the rifle is on safe
o Keep muzzle down range and clear of all troops
o With the bolt locked to the rear, insert a magazine.
o Release the bolt catch and allow the bolt to go forward. This chambers a
round from the magazine.
o The rifle is now loaded and in condition one
 Unloading
o Ensure the rifle is on safe
o After the last shot the bolt should lock to the rear. If so, just remove the
magazine and inspect the chamber.
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o If the bolt does not lock to the rear, just remove the magazine and inspect the
chamber then pull the charging handle rearward and lock the bolt rearward
using the bolt catch.
o Repeat the second step to complete the unloading process.
104.29 State the following capabilities/characteristics of the M16A2 rifle
• Magazine capacity: 20 - 30 rounds
• Types of ammunition:
o 5.56mm Ball - Standard round
o 5.56mm Tracer - Used to mark targets or cause incendiary effects
o 5.56mm Blank - Training round
o 5.56mm Dummy - Totally inert for training
• Rates of Fire:
o Semi-Automatic: 45 round per minute
o Automatic:
90 rounds per minute
104.38 Describe how to hold the AT4 when firing.
• Standing - Used when firing on moving or stationary targets from behind a
protective barrier such as a wall or barricade. Most unstable and exposed
position.
• Kneeling - Used for firing on moving or stationary targets. Maximum use of
support is essential for stability
• Sitting - Used for firing on stationary targets. More suitable than kneeling
position.
• Prone - The least stable position. Affords the most protection.
• The weapon must not have any obstructions closer than 5 m to the rear of the
weapon.
104.39 State the following capabilities/characteristics of the AT4
 Controls
o Transport Safety Pin. Blocks the movement of the firing pin and prevents it
from striking the cartridge percussion cap.
o Cocking Lever: When the cocking lever is in the SAGE position, there is no
contact between the firing rod and the trigger.
o Forward Safety. Prevents the firing rod from striking the firing pin.
 Misfire Procedures
o Causes - A complete failure to fire caused by a faulty firing mechanism or
faulty element in the propellant charge.
o Action:
o Shout “misfire”
o Maintain sight picture
o Release safety catch
o Re-cock the weapon
o Check back blast area and attempt to fire
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o Repeat if necessary
o If still fails, release safety catch and return cocking lever to the safe position.
o Reinsert the transport safety pin, lay weapon on ground and notify chain of
command.
Minimum arming range: 10 meters
Safety Precautions
o Take care in selecting positions for firing. Avoid areas that could cause you
to fire through a screen of brush or trees.
o Impact with a twig or branch may deflect the rocket or cause it to detonate.
o You must try to obtain concealment, but not at the risk of safety.
o To prevent the rocket from striking the foreground and causing serious injury
to personnel, maintain the launcher in the firing position until the rocket has
left the launcher.
o Avoid the blast of flame and ejected residue to the rear of the launcher.
o Remove flammable material, such as dry vegetation, from the back blast area.
o Keep personnel and ammunition clear of the rear danger area unless adequate
shelter protection is provided.
o Sand or loose dirt in the back blast area can also reveal your position to the
enemy.
o Do not fire rockets at temperatures below -40 F or above 140 F.
o Never fire a damaged weapon.
104.40 Describe the use and purpose of the range card as it relates to each weapon
system.
 Cards are the basis for the fire plan at the company level. Each crew served
weapon will have one.
 All supporting fires, security sectors and defensive coordination are planned using
the machine gun’s fire as the base from which to build.
 Two cards are prepared, one for the gun and the other goes to higher HQ.
 Cards should be passed on to relieving units.
 Patrols can use your card to locate FPL’s and identify dead space.
 Cards must be neat and prepared using a universal format.
• Gun Identification Block - Identifies what gun the card belongs to and the date it
was drawn.
• Weapon Symbol - Single dot for the gun and a solid arrow extending out along
the FPL or PDF.
• Magnetic Orientation Line and Location Grid Coordinates - A means for others to
positively locate your gun position. The line is drawn from a prominent terrain
feature that is located behind friendly lines. The grid coordinates are recorded
next to the dot in the machine gun symbol.
• Sector Limits - Drawn as broken lines ending in arrow heads. If using an FPL
only one sector limit will be drawn because one will be the same as the FPL.
• Grazing Fires - If an FPL is used, a heavy shaded area is drawn along the inside of
the FPL. This will indicate the limits of grazing fire obtainable. Any dead space
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is shown by breaks in the shading. Record the near and far limits of the dead
space in meters or record the range next to the ends of the shaded areas.
Terrain Features - Draw only those terrain features that significantly add to the
clarity of the range card. If the feature is drawn, draw it to the correct
perspective.
Location of Friendly Troops or Equipment - Draw any friendly positions or
equipment that is either in or near the sector limits of the machine gun.
Targets - Draw targets to perspective and label them with a number.
o The number one target will be either the FPL or the left sector limit.
o If the FPL is on the right sector limit, number all other targets sequentially
from right to left.
o All other times number from left to right.
o One method is to record data directly on the sketch along the leading line to
the target.
o The other method is to use the data block of the card.
104.41 Describe the effectiveness and employment of early warning devices and
pyrotechnics
• Trip Flares
o Used primarily to illuminate and to give warning of attacking or infiltrating
enemy troops.
o Place along a likely avenue of approach and activated by the enemy.
o Normally not used in any other operation other than defensive.
• Booby Traps
o Can be explosive or non-explosive. Used primarily to incapacitate, wound or
kill and unsuspecting person when they disturb a apparently harmless object.
o There are improvised and manufactured
 Improvised - Constructed from standard firing devices, explosives,
weapons, missiles or other materials used for other purposes.
 Manufactured - Standard devices made at a factory. Made to look like
useful objects.(books, pipes or bottled drinks)
• Explosive Devices
o Booby traps laid along paths and trails to delay and frustrate patrols and foot
troops.
o Most are improvised with either pressure release, pull or pull release devices.
o Grenade Trap - Setup with wire to pull pin when tripped over.
o Grenade in can - Grenade in can with pin removed. Trip wire pulls grenade
from can.
o Mud Ball Mine - Grenade packed in mud. Mud dries and cracks grenade
explodes.
• Non-Explosive Devices
o All are improvised with locally available material. Either pressure release,
pull or pull release devices.
o Punji Stakes - Bamboo spikes placed in the ground protruding just enough to
produce injury.
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o Foot Traps - Small pits combined with spike boards placed along paths or
trails.
o Deadfalls - Various devices are suspended above jungle paths and trails.
Designed to fall or swing in an arc and strike victims as they pass below.
104.42 Describe the tactical employment and purpose of naval Mobile Construction
Battalion weapon systems.
• Automatic Rifleman - M16 rifle, backbone of the defense of the squad.
Positioned first by the squad leader. The remainder of the fire team is positioned
around the automatic rifles.
• Rifleman - M16 rifle, positioned so they can cover the entire fire team sector.
The position must provide support and protection for the Automatic rifleman.
• Grenadier - M203 grenade launcher, positioned to cover the dead space in the
defense.
• M240B - Support the rifleman in the offense and defense. Provide heavy volumes
of controlled fires. Provide FPF’s. Cover likely avenues of approach. Provide
grazing fire.
• M2 .50 Cal Machine Gun - Provide protection for motorized movement. Destroy
lightly armored vehicles. Defend against low-flying hostile aircraft.
• MK19 40mm Grenade Launcher - Used to provide direct and indirect firing. Role
is similar to the M60E3 and M2.
• AT-4 - Used against armored personnel carriers. Can be used to disable a battle
tank (mobility kill) if struck properly
104.43 Describe the various rates of fire.
 Rapid – Rounds/minute a weapon can accurately fire
 Sustained – Rounds/minute a weapon can fire without misfire
 Cyclic – Theoretical maximum rounds/minute a weapon can fire
104.44 Describe the various methods of fire.
• Grazing - Not less than 1m above and no higher than 68 inches above the ground.
Can exist for 700m over level or evenly sloping ground.
• Plunging - Fire that strikes the ground from above at a considerable level. Beaten
zone is considered the danger space.
• Overhead - Fire delivered over the heads of troops. Usually plunging fire
Overhead
• Fixed fire - for targets requiring only one aiming point. Continuous as long as
target remains in the zone of fire.
• Searching fire - Distributed in depth by changing the elevation of the gun. Used
against deep targets, firing a burst each time elevation changes.
• Traversing fire - Distributed in width by changing the horizontal direction of the
gun. Firing a burst each time the gun changes direction.
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•
Combined Traversing & Searching - Distributed in width & depth by changing
the elevation and horizontal direction of the gun.
Swinging Traverse fire - Delivered against targets to wide to cover the traversing
hand wheel. Also used on targets moving so rapidly across the gunner’s front
they cannot maintain effective fire using the traversing hand wheel. Cannot be
fired from bipod or vehicles.
Free gunfire - Delivered from the tripod mount against targets requiring rapid and
major changes in direction and elevation. Can also be used from a vehicle mount
when the target cannot be covered adequately by aiming points. Cannot be fired
from bipod mount.
104.45 Describe the use and purpose of the following Night Observation Devices.
 AN/PVS-11 (pocket scope)
 AN/PVS-4 – (TM-11-5855-213-23&P) Individual Weapon, portable, battery
operated, electro - optical instrument used for observation and aimed fire of
weapons at night.
o Magnification - 3.6x
o Range - 400-600m (man size tgt)
 AN/PVS-5 - Crew served and M16 use. Portable, battery operated, electro optical instrument used for observation and aimed fire of weapons at night.
o Magnification - 5.6x
o Range - 1000-1200m (vehicle size tgt)
 AN/PVS-7C – (TM-SW215-AK-MNO-010), Individual Goggles, hand held or
head mounted night vision system that enables walking, driving, weapon firing,
short range surveillance, map reading and vehicle maintenance in both moonlight
and starlight.
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WEAPONS FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 109
109.1 List the weapons found in your unit’s Table of Allowance (TOA)
AIR DET
TOA
AIR ECH TOA
MAINBODY
M16A2E3
76
650
Grenade Launcher M203
6
48
Pistol 9MM M9
20
175
Shotgun M500
3
24
Machine Gun 50 Cal M2HB
2
6
Machine Gun 40MM MK19
2
6
Machine Gun 7.62MM M240B
4
16
Anti-Tank Weapon 84MM M136 HEAT
X
X
10
27
4
8
4
9
2
8
WEAPON
Night Vision Goggles
AN/PVS-7C,
TM-SW215-AK-MNO-010
CSW Night Vision Sight
AN/PVS-5
Individual Weapon Sight
TM-11-5855-213-23&P,
AN/PVS-4
Night Vision Pocket Scope
AN/PVS-11
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NMCB WEAPON SYSTEM CHART
Nomen
Name
Description
Ammo
Safety?
Service Pistol
Semi-automatic,
magazine fed, recoil
operated,
single/double action
9 mm Ball
Yes
M16A3
Service Rifle
Lightweight, gasoperated, aircooled, magazine
fed, shoulder fired,
semi / full auto
5.56 mm Ball,
Tracer, Blank,
Dummy
Yes
M203
40mm
Grenade
Launcher
Lightweight, single
shot, breach loaded,
pump action,
shoulder fired
40 mm HE,
HE Airburst,
HEDP, TP
Yes
7.62 mm
Machine Gun
Air-cooled, belt-fed,
gas-operated,
automatic, fixedheadspace, fires
from he open bolt,
crew served
7.62 mm Ball,
Tracer, Blank,
Dummy,
ArmorPiercing
40mm
Machine Gun
Air-cooled, belt-fed,
blowback operated,
automatic, fires from
the open bolt, crew
served
HE (M383arms 18-36
m); TP (M918
- arms18-30
m)
M9
M240B
Mk19
M2
Heavy
Machine Gun
M500
Shotgun
M136
(AT4)
Anti-Tank
Rocket
Air-cooled, belt-fed,
recoil-operated,
crew served,
semi/automatic
Manually Operated,
single-shot,
magazine fed, pump
action, shoulder
fired
Lightweight, selfcontained, antiarmor, portable,
right shoulder-fired
Yes
Features
Ambidextrous
safety, firing
pin block,
half-cock
notch
Safety lever
prevents
motion of
bolt. Integral
bipod, M122
tripod w/ T&E
Use
Positioned to cover dead
space in defense
Support the rifleman in
the offense and defense.
Provide heavy volumes
of controlled fires.
Provide FPF's. Cover
likely avenues of
approach. Provide
grazing fire.
Yes
Used to provide direct
and indirect firing. Role
is similar to the M240B
and M2
.50 cal
No
Provide protection for
motorized movement.
Destroy lightly armored
vehicles. Defend against
low-flying hostile aircraft
12 ga, 2 3/4"
buck, military
Yes
18 in HEAT,
fin-stabilized
Yes
Danger area
is 90 deg
cone that
extends 60m
behind the
weapon
Used against armored
personnel carriers. Can
be used to disable a
battle tank (mobility kill) if
struck properly
- 94 -
NMCB WEAPON SYSTEM CHART
M9
8.54 in
2.12 lbs
2.54 lbs
M16A3
39 in
7.8 lbs
8.79 lbs
Mag.
Cap.
15
rds
30
rds
M203
15 5/16
in
3 lbs
11 lbs w/
M16
3.5 lbs
N/A
49 in
25.6 lbs
(barrel:
6.6 lbs)
N/A
N/A
2800
fps
Mk19
43.1 in
75.6 lbs
(+ 45 for
tripod)
N/A
N/A
M2
M500
M136
(AT4)
65 in
39 in
128 lbs
**
6.5 lbs
N/A
8.5 lbs
N/A
5 rds
40 in
14.8 lbs
N/A
1 rd
Nomen
M240B
Length
Weight
Weight
Loaded
Muzzle
Vel.
1230
fps
3100
fps
Max
Range
1800
m
3534
m
Max
Eff.
Point
Max
Eff.
Area
Sustained
(rpm)
Rapid
(rpm)
Cyclic
(rpm)
N/A
700800
50 m
N/A
N/A
550 m
800 m
12-15
N/A
150200
350 m
N/A
N/A
N/A
3725
m
150 m
800 m;
1100
m w/
T&E
1800
m
100
200
650950
790
fps
2212
m
1500
m
N/A
3050
fps
6800
m
1830
m
50m
N/A
N/A
< 40
N/A
> 40
N/A
450550
N/A
950
fps
2100
m
300 m
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
400 m
325375
**M2 – Weight = 128 lbs (Barrel 24, Receiver 60, tripod 44)
- 95 -
GENERAL MILITARY TACTICS FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 110
110.1 State the standard issue of 782 gear.
• Fighting Load Carrying Equipment- items used to make carrying a full load more
comfortable.
o Pistol belt
o Canteen cover
o Suspenders
o Entrenching tool (E-Tool) cover
o Field pack
o Bayonet or K-bar scabbard
o Two ammo pouches
o First Aid kit
 Bivouac Equipment- minimum necessities for field living
o Canteen and cup
o Mess kit
o First Aid packet
o Poncho & liner
o E-tool
o Shelter half
o Bayonet or K-bar
• Protective Equipment- provides personal protection from injury.
o Hat and mosquito net
o Camouflage cover
o Helmet and liner
• Special Issue Equipment- “extra” comforts
o Flak jacket
o Cot w/insect bar frame
o Sleeping bag
o Insect bar
o Sleeping mat
110.2 Describe the elements of the following dug-emplacements.
• Hasty Position or Skirmisher’s Trench
o Shallow pit that provides limited protection while firing from the prone
position.
o Made quickly by scraping soil to build a shallow ridge, or parapet, between
the rifleman and the enemy.
o Trench is body-length
• Improved One-Person Fighting Position
o Made as small as possible to present smallest target to the enemy.
o Constructed with a water sump, firing step, grenade sump and parapet
o Built as wide as the occupant’s shoulders, and as tall as the occupant standing
on the firing step
o Provides protection from tanks passing over
• Two-Person Fighting Position
o Essentially two, one-person positions.
o Close proximity to buddy provides security.
o Allows one to rest while other sleeps.
o Since the position is longer than a one-person position, it provides less
protection from tanks, bombing, strafing and shelling.
110.3 Explain the general rules of camouflage and how the apply to:
- 96 -
•
•
•
•
•
•
General Rules:
o Take advantage of all available natural concealment.
o Camouflage by altering the form, shadow, texture, and color of objects.
o Camouflage against both ground and air observation.
o Camouflage is constant and continuous
Fighting Positions
o Before beginning construction, note the terrain and vegetation. The goal is to
camouflage the position to this same appearance.
o Obtain material from a wide area.
o Do not use more material than needed
o Cover excavated soil with vegetation or dump it in streams, ravines or under
bushes.
o Inspect the position from the enemy’s viewpoint.
o Vary your route to avoid making paths to the position
Personal Equipment
o Field uniforms and equipment are colored to blend with terrain. Faded or
shiny items need to be surveyed or darkened with paint.
o When no paint is available, use mud, charcoal, or crushed grass.
o Alter the outline of your helmet with a cloth cover or foliage.
Individuals
o All exposed skin, even dark skin, reflects light.
o Apply face paint sticks whenever possible, using the following combinations:
o Loam & light green - for light skin personnel in other than snow regions.
o Sand & dark green - for dark skinned personnel in other than snow regions.
o Loam & white - for all personnel in snow regions
o Applying Paint
o Paint shiny areas (forehead, cheeks, nose, chin, hands, wrists, neck) with the
darker color.
o Paint shadow areas (around eyes, under nose and chin) with the lighter color.
o Use a buddy system to check application.
o When paint is not available, use burnt cork, charcoal or lampblack.
Vehicles
o If possible, park under natural cover.
o Park so the vehicle shape will disappear into natural surroundings.
o When cut foliage is used:
o Ensure it is placed as it grows. The underside of leaves are lighter than the
top.
o Replace as soon as it begins to wither
o Drape Nets/Camouflage Nets
o Easily assembled and provide adequate concealment against direct
observation.
o Can be detected by photographic observation because the the artificial
camouflage does not blend in with the background completely.
Buildings
o Incorporate camouflage into the design of new buildings.
- 97 -
o
o
o
o
•
•
Select a site that naturally camouflages the structure.
Build into ground to reduce the height and shadow.
Place trees between buildings.
Vary rooflines with wooden framework, then cover with burlap or fine-mesh
netting.
o Erect superstructures over new building to make it resemble surrounding
native buildings.
o For existing structures
o Cover with screens of garnished netting.
o Paint disruptive patterns over netting, roof, and gable-end walls.
o When the slope of a roof is greater than 30 degrees, netting must cover the
whole building.
o Paint roofs to match surrounding terrain
Supply Points
o Pick spots with good natural overhead cover. Minimize changes to the
appearance of the terrain.
o Avoid large concentrations of materials that can be taken out with one attack.
o Unload and disperse supplies as quickly as possible.
o Access roads and tracks running in and out of the point can be concealed by
slinging netting between trees.
o Control traffic to avoid large convoys.
o Control debris, such as empty boxes, so it does not accumulate and give
Water Points
o Must camouflage storage tanks, pumps, purification equipment, and
personnel.
o Place burlap covers or foliage over shiny surfaces.
o Conceal open areas where vehicles or personnel will have to transverse to get
to a water point.
o Institute a water supply schedule to avoid a concentration of waiting
110.4 Explain cover and concealment.
 Cover
o Protection from enemy fire
o A hill is natural cover.
o A parapet is artificial cover.
 Concealment
o Protection from observation
o Bushes, grass, and shadows are natural concealment.
o Burlap, tents, or nets are artificial concealment
110.5 State what action should be taken if you are caught in the light of a ground flare
and overhead flare.
• Overhead Flare
o When an overhead flare goes off, immediately seek cover as low as possible
and do not move until the light burns out.
- 98 -
•
Ground Flare
o Move quickly and quietly out of the light.
110.6 Describe the military aspects of terrain as it applies to a defensive force.
• Various combinations of weather and topography give certain qualities to an area.
• These qualities, known as the military Aspects of Terrain, must be closely
evaluated by each unit leader.
• Reconnaissance
o Physical reconnaissance is most reliable, but additional resources include:
 Aerial reconnaissance and photographs
 Maps of the area
 Terrain models provided by higher authority
 Intelligence reports
 Patrolling
 Friendly natives, undercover agents, or captured prisoners
• Use the acronym KOCOA to remember aspects.
• K- Key Terrain Features
o Any area that provides a marked advantage over the enemy.
o Terrain that provides superior observation and fields of fire.
o Obstacles that could prevent enemy movement, such as possession of roads,
bridges, and rivers.
o Terrain needed for future operations, such as an airfield.
• O- Observation and Fields of Fire
o Observation is key to:
 Deliver effective fire on enemy.
 Control troop maneuvers.
 Prevent surprise by enemy.
o Fields of Fire are areas where weapons can be fired effectively upon the
enemy.
 Need to extend to the range of the weapon.
 If clearing is necessary, ensure fire lanes do not disclose the defensive
position.
• C- Cover and Concealment
o Apply principals previously discussed to guard position.
• O- Obstacles
o Obstructions used to stop or disrupt enemy movement.
o Natural obstacles are rivers, mountains, lakes, etc.
o Artificial obstacles include mine fields, barbed wire, trenches, etc.
• A- Avenues of Approach
o Suitable route of movement to an objective.
o Often the weak spots in a defense.
o Must be effectively covered with weapons fire and barricades.
o May be used by the defending force to launch a counterattack.
- 99 -
110.7 Explain the procedures to orient a map utilizing a Lensatic compass.
• With a Compass Rose (picture of compass card)
o Place map of a flat surface.
o Place an open Lensatic compass on the map’s compass rose with the sighting
wire lying directly over the map’s magnetic north line.
o Turn the map and compass together until the north arrow of the compass is
aligned with the index line of the compass.
o The map is now oriented
110.8





State the five basic colors used and how they are applied to a military map.
Black: man-made features and cultural areas.
Blue: water features such as lakes and rivers.
Green: vegetation.
Brown: all relief features such as contour lines.
Red: main roads, built up areas and special features, enemy positions..
110.9 Describe the grid system utilized on all military maps.
 Military Grid System
o Provides a uniform system for referencing and making measurements.
o Grids are two sets of equally spaced, parallel, straight lines intersecting at
right angles, forming a series of squares.
o Each grid line is a unit of measure, permits linear and angular measurement.
o Grid is drawn over a geographic projection.
 Reading a Grid Square
o Each grid line is labeled on the edge by two digit numbers called Principle
Digits.
o A grid square is identified by the two sets of principle digits that compose the
square.
o The rule for reading grids is read right first and then up.
 Use a coordinate scale, or protractor, to get a grid coordinate of a point not on a
grid square.
o Ensure the map scale and coordinate scale match.
o Place the zero­zero point of the scale at the lower left corner of the grid
square.
o Keeping the horizontal line of the scale on top of the bottom horizontal grid
line, slide it to the right until the vertical line of the scale touches the point
being measured.
o Read the coordinates RIGHT and UP and add them after the respective set of
principle digits.
 Scales
o Graphic Scale - Tells the size of each grid. Found in the legend printed on the
map.
o Ratio Scale - A comparison between map distance and ground distance.
Example:
110.10 Describe the use and care of the following.
- 100 -


Topographic Maps
o Portrays terrain and landforms in a measurable from as well as the horizontal
positions of the features represented.
o Vertical positions, or relief, are normally represented by contours.
Lensatic Compass
o Use- Defining an Azimuth
 Compasses are used to describe direction.
 The most common military method of describing direction is through
azimuths
 An azimuth is a horizontal angle, measured in a clockwise manner from a
north base line.
o Azimuth
 Azimuths are described in terms of degrees or mils.
 One circle has 360 degrees or 6400 mils.
o Use- Center Hold Method
 Open the cover of the compass so it forms a straight edge with the
compass base.
 Pull the eyepiece as far to the rear as possible, perpendicular to the
compass base.
 Align the slot in the eyepiece with the hairline sighting wire in the cover
and with the target.
 Read the azimuth by glancing down at the dial through the lens.
o Use- Compass to Cheek Method
 Extend your other index finger along the other straight side.
 Pull your elbows firmly into your side, place the compass between your
chin and belt.
 Turn your whole body until the compass is pointing at the object of which
you are taking the reading.
 Look down to read the azimuth.
o Night Method
 Compass features for night use:
• Luminous markings
• Bezel ring- three degrees or 53 1/3 mils per click
 Using the bezel ring
• Set the azimuth before it gets dark.
• Turning the ring to the left increases the azimuth.
• Left decreases the azimuth.
 Use- Night Method to Shoot an Azimuth
• Rotate the bezel until the luminous line is over the black index line.
• Since each bezel click is three degrees, divide the desired azimuth by
three to get the number of clicks needed.
• For an azimuth of 60 degrees, divide by 3 to get 20 bezel ring clicks
(60º/3=20 clicks)
• Turn the ring that many clicks.
- 101 -
•
•
Continuing this example, turn the ring 20 clicks left.
Using the center hold method, turn your body and the compass until
the north arrow is directly under the luminous line on the bezel ring.
• You are facing the direction of the desired azimuth.
o Bypassing an Obstacle- Box Method
 To bypass enemy positions or obstacles and still stay oriented, detour
around the obstacle by moving at right angles for equal distances.
o Care
 Use non-permanent markers when possible. Handle the compass with
care.
 The dial is set at a delicate balance and shock could damage it.
 Close and return the compass to its case when not in use.
 Never take readings near metal or communications gear.
110.11 Describe the five paragraph order.
• Succinct way of stating concept of operations and orders to subordinates
• Remember the acronym SMEAC:
• Situation: divided into three sections:
o Enemy Forces
 Size, location, capabilities, and recent activity.
o Friendly Forces
 Mission of higher, supporting and adjacent units.
 Identify who is providing security.
o Attachments
 Types and size of attachments.
 Time they attach
• Mission
o States mission in clear and concise statements.
o Mission is unit specific- what we are to accomplish
• Execution
o Assigns definite tasks to each element of the command, organic or attached,
that contributes to carrying out the whole mission.
o No restrictions are set on the number of paragraphs, although information is
typically divided into three areas:
 Concept of operations- brief summary of the tactical plan the unit is to
execute.
 Tasks, or missions, for each unit, to include the reserve if applicable
• If this is a squad leader’s SMEAC, each fire team would be tasked in
this section.
 Coordinating instructions
• Actions upon contact, MOPP level, route, etc.
• Administration and Logistics
o Addresses all administrative, supply, or transportation concerns.
- 102 -
•
 Beans- distribution of food.
 Bullets- quantity of ammo and resupply info.
 Band-aids- location of corpsmen, med-evac plan.
 Bad guys- POW handling instructions.
Command and Signal
o Chain of command and communications information given in two parts:
o Communications instructions- typically an annex of standard reports, but also
includes passwords and countersigns, radio call signals, frequencies, etc.
o Chain of command- gives precedence of command and location of command
posts.
110.12 Define the following reports.
• SALUTE (Initial SPOT report)
o Initial report of enemy activity.
o Used when enemy is spotted but not engaged or when a fire fight first breaks
out.
o Size of the enemy unit.
o Activity of the enemy
o Location of the enemy unit.
o Uniform worn by the enemy.
o Time of each activity noted.
o Equipment used or carried by the enemy.
 Spot Report
o Detailed report of an enemy engagement.
o Always follow a SALUTE up with a SPOT report after engagement has
ended.
o Report includes:
 All information contained in a SALUTE.
 Friendly and enemy KIA or WIA.
 POWs and enemy equipment captured
110.13 Describe the purpose of a security and reconnaissance patrol
• Security Patrols
o Provide physical security.
• Reconnaissance Patrols
o Defensive technique used to:
 Detect enemy movement toward the unit’s position.
 Locate or observe an enemy position.
 Discover enemy avenues of approach.
110.14 State the twelve patrol planning and preparation steps.
• Patrol leader uses 12 steps to plan a patrol.
o Study the mission.
o Plan use of time.
o Study the terrain and situation.
- 103 -
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Organize the patrol.
Select personnel, weapons, and equipment.
Issue the warning order.
Coordinate.
Make reconnaissance.
Complete detailed plans.
Issue patrol order.
Supervise, inspect, rehearse, and reinspect.
Execute the mission.
110.15 Describe the priorities of establishing a defense.
• Commander’s Intent dictates the priorities.
o Considers four defensive principles of war:
 Surprise
 Security
 Unity of Command
 Mass
o Applies these to the unit’s mission and situation to develop priorities. In
general, priorities follow the acronym SAFE
 S- Security
 A- Place automatic and crew-served weapons
 F- Clear fields of fire
 E - Emplacements, dig fighting positions
110.16 Describe the three echelons of a defense.
• Forward Defense Area (FDA)
o Area where frontline defensive positions are dug.
• Security Area
o Area in front of FDA.
o Security patrols roam this area.
o Listening/observation posts are placed here.
• Reserve Area
o Area behind FDA that reserve forces occupy.
110.17 Define the following.
• Call for Fire - Indirect
o Request for indirect fire, as in mortars or artillery support, is termed “Call for
Fire.”
o Observer requesting support calls into FDC, Fire Direction Control.
o FDC plots the request on a firing board and transposes the information into
firing data.
o FDC announces this data to the mortar crew as fire commands
o There are six elements of a call for fire:
 Observer identification
 Target location
 Warning order
 Target description
- 104 -
•
 Method of engagement
 Method of fire and control
Fire Commands for Direct Fire
o Instructions used to direct and control the fire of a squad.
o Used when a squad leader decides to fire on a target.
o Use the acronym ADDRAC.
 Alert - alert the unit that a command is coming.
 Direction- indicate the target’s location.
 Description- give a very brief description of the target.
 Range- to the target to be engaged.
 Assignment- tell who is to fire on the target.
 Control- (fire control) - give the signal to open fire.
110.18 Describe three combat positions on an individual fire plan sketch
 Primary Firing Position
o Backbone of the defense, receives the full force of the enemy’s attack.
• Alternate Firing Position
o Fall back position used if the primary position is in danger of being over run.
o Should have same sector of fire as the primary.
• Supplementary Firing Position
o Sector of fire covers the flank or rear.
110.19 Describe sectors of fire and fire discipline.
 Sectors of Fire
o Area assigned to an individual, unit, or crew-served weapon to defend.
o Pie-shaped section with edges called lateral limits.
o Lateral limits extend from the firing position to an easily identifiable terrain
feature.
o Two stakes are placed near the firing position to indicate lateral limits during
darkness.
o Sectors of fire interlock to ensure mutual support by adjacent units.
 Fire Discipline
o The ability to efficiently apply fire on a target.
o Dependent on the ability of the leader and the discipline and control of the
crew. Includes:
 The ability to select and designate targets.
 Preserve element of surprise by opening fire at the desired moment only.
 Regulate the rate of fire.
 Shift from one target to another.
 Adjust and cease fire.
110.20 Describe the duties and responsibilities of the following members of a squad.
 A squad is composed of 14 people:
o 1 squad leader
o 3 automatic riflemen
o 1 grenadier
o 3 riflemen #1
o 3 fire team leaders
o 3 riflemen #2
- 105 -






Squad Leader
o PO1 with an M16, but only fires in critical situations.
o Responsible for the training, appearance, discipline and readiness of the
squad.
o Controls fire discipline, fire control, and maneuvering.
Grenadier
o PO3 armed with an M203.
o Responsible for the employment and care of the 203.
o Remains close to the squad leader in combat.
Fire Team Leader
o PO2 with an M16, but only fires in critical situations.
o Leads and controls fire team.
o Acts as the assistant squad leader.
Automatic Rifleman
o PO3 with a fully auto M16.
o Backbone of the fire team, providing heavy fire power.
o Acts as the assistant fire team leader.
Rifleman #1
o E3 with an M16 whose primary duty is to carry extra ammo for the automatic
rifleman.
o Protects flank and acts as a scout.
o Takes control of the automatic rifle if automatic rifleman becomes a casualty.
Rifleman #2
o E3 or E2 with an M16.
o Acts as point man and occasionally a scout.
o Protects the flank of the fire team.
110.21 Describe an individual’s responsibilities under the Code of Conduct.
• Article I: I am an American, fighting in the forces which guard my country and
our way of life. I am prepared to give my life in their defense.
• Article II: I will never surrender of my own free will. If in command, I will
never surrender the members of my command while they still have the means to
resist.
• Article III: If I am captured, I will continue to resist by all means available. I will
make every effort to escape and aid others to escape.
• Article IV: If I become a Prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my fellow
prisoners. I will give no information or take part in any action which might be
harmful to my comrades. If I am senior, I will take command. If not, I will obey
the lawful orders of those appointed over me and will back them up in every way.
• Article V: When questioned, should I become a prisoner of war, I am required to
give my name, rank, service number, and date of birth. I will evade answering
further question to the utmost of my ability. I will make no oral or written
statements disloyal to my country and its Allies or harmful to their cause.
- 106 -
•
Article VI: I will never forget that I am an American, fighting for freedom,
responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles which made my
country free. I will trust in my God and in the United States of America.
110.22 Describe the procedures for handling detainees/EPW.
• Potentially a valuable source of information
• Remember the 6 S’s in handling EPWs
o Search: for weapons and documents.
o Secure: ensure escape is impossible
o Silence: do not allow EPWs to talk to each other.
o Segregate: into groups by rank, gender, and status (deserter, civilian, EPW,
etc.).
o Speed: timely delivery of information obtained from EPWs is essential.
o Safeguard: ensure the safety of all personnel involved
o Tag: document the detainee/EPW
110.23 Describe circumstances when deadly force would normally be authorized.
 Refer to theater Rules of Engagement and Escalation of Force.
 Deadly force is only used as a last resort!
 Authorized under the following conditions:
o Self defense or defense of others when lesser means will not work
o Defense of property vital to national security.
o Defense of property dangerous to others (weapons, ammunition, etc.).
o To prevent the escape of a prisoner likely to cause death or serious bodily
injury to another.
110.24 State the eleven general orders of a sentry.
1. To take charge of this post and all government property in view.
2. To walk my post in a military manner, keeping always on the alert and observing
everything that takes place within sight or hearing.
3. To report all violations of orders I am instructed to enforce.
4. To repeat all calls from posts more distant from the guardhouse than my own
5. To quit my post only when properly relieved.
6. To receive, obey and pass on to the sentry who relieves me all orders from the
commanding officer, officer of the day, and officers and noncommissioned
officers of the guard only.
7. To talk to no one except in the line of duty.
8. To give the alarm in case of fire or disorder.
9. To call the corporal of the guard in any case not covered by instructions.
10. To salute all officers and all colors and standards not cased.
11. To be especially watchful at night, and during the time for challenging, to
challenge all persons on or near my post and to allow no one to pass without
proper authority.
110.25 Describe the three classes of wire entanglements.
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• Tactical Wire
•
•
o Used to hamper enemy aggression.
o Placed along the front of the defensive line.
Protective Wire
o Prevents close surprise attacks.
o Placed around each fighting position at hand grenade range (131-328 feet).
Supplementary Wire
o Placed to conceal the exact line of the tactical wire.
110.26 State the purpose of the following:
 Triple-Strand Concertina
o Consists of two lines of concertina serving as the base, with a third resting on
top.
o On average, a platoon can place a 984 foot section in an hour.
 Double Apron Fence
o Two types:
 4 and 2 pace fence, which is more common and more effective, and 6 and
3 pace fence.
 A 984 foot section usually requires 1½ hours for a platoon to complete.
 Low Wire Entanglement
o A 4 and 2 pace double apron fence constructed with medium pickets instead
of long pickets in the fence center line.
o Used when concealment of the barrier is essential.
110.27 Describe the following actions when isolated in an enemy area.
 Evasion
o Know the enemy’s location!
o Look for signs of group movement, such as crushed grass, cigarette butts,
footprints, broken branches, etc.
o Look for workers in a field, indicates no immediate threat.
o Absence of children in a village, indicative of pending action.
o Absence of young men in a village may mean the village is under enemy
control.
 Evasion Travel Tips:
o Be patient, cautious, and avoid overconfidence.
o Conserve strength by avoiding exhaustion.
o Retain items of identification such as dog tags. If captured without them, you
may be treated as a spy.
o Use firearms only in an emergency.
o Avoid people as long as possible.
o When you approach friendly lines, make sure you identify yourself as
friendly.
 Survival
o Size up the situation
o Undue haste makes waste
o Remember where you are
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
o Vanquish fear and panic
o Improvise
o Value living
o Act like the natives
o Learn the basics skills
Escape
o If you are captured, try and escape as soon as possible. Your physical
condition will be at its best.
o Fall back on the Code of Conduct.
110.28 Describe the following basic fire team formations.
• Column
o Used when speed and control are governing factors.
o Favorable for fire and maneuver to either flank.
o Vulnerable to fire from the front because its own fire in that direction is
limited.
• Wedge
o Used when the enemy contact is possible, but not certain.
o Provides all around protection, flexibility and is easy to control.
• Echelon Right or Left
o Used primarily to protect an exposed flank.
o Permits heavy firepower to the front and the direction of the echelon.
o Hard formation to control and slow moving.
• Skirmisher’s Right or Left
o Used when assaulting a known enemy position.
o Because the fire teams are in line, it provides maximum fire power to the
front.
o Hard formation to control.
110.29 Describe the fundamentals of a successful ambush.
• Surprise attack from a concealed position upon a moving or temporarily halted
target.
• Success of an ambush is contingent upon:
o Early warning of target approach.
o Holding fire until target is in the kill zone.
o Open fire at proper time.
o Lifting or shifting supporting fires.
o Initiation of the correct actions if the ambush is compromised.
o Timely and orderly withdrawal from ambush site
110.30 Describe ambush defense and action on contact.
• Training is the best defense.
o Continually train on immediate action drills to ensure prompt response.
o Enemy is expecting to create chaos with an ambush.
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•
o Taking immediate action will surprise the enemy and giving the unit a better
chance at survival.
o Intelligence reports can help predict an ambush.
Immediate Action
o Near Ambush: Return fire and assault through.
 Withdrawal from a near ambush is unlikely, so it is critical to return fire
immediately and drive through.
 Enemy may not expect a quick and decisive response.
o Far Ambush: Take cover and withdraw orderly.
 Immediately drop and return fire.
 Unit commander organizes withdrawal with constant cover fire.
o Convoys caught in an ambush:
 Passengers return fire immediately.
 Driver does not stop in the kill zone but drives through.
 Once clear of the killing zone, vehicle halts and occupants dismount to
take offensive action.
 Vehicles in the rear approaching kill zone halt, debark, and take
immediate action.
o If a vehicle is disabled in the kill zone:
 Passengers in HARDENED vehicles return fire from inside the protective
vehicle.
 Passengers in SOFT vehicles immediately dismount, take cover, and
return fire.
 If no cover is available, unit commander leads them in an immediate
frontal assault.
110.31 Describe countersigns (Challenge and Password)
 Sentry’s duties
o As someone approaches, sentry calls, “Halt! Who goes there?”
o Reply with name and company: “CE1 Spark, B Co.”
o Sentry: “Advance and be recognized.”
o Sentry keeps person distant enough to effectively cover him, but close enough
to recognize him.
o Person passes if recognized.
o If not recognized, sentry offers countersigns.
o Always disguise countersigns in a sentence and speak in a low voice.
Example: snowflake and rooster
o Sentry: “I haven’t seen a snowflake since I was at my red house last year.”
o Reply: “I passed a cow and rooster loose back there.”
o Person has been successfully challenged and would be allowed to pass.
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GENERAL MILITARY TACTICS FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 105
105.1 Discuss the different threat levels and threat conditions.
 Threat Levels - Based on Intel and is theater dependent
o Level 1 Threats
 Those threats which can be defeated by local defense
 Enemy Controlled Agents, Enemy Sympathizers,
Terrorism, Civil Disturbances, Espionage, subversion,
sabotage
o Level 2 Threats
 Those threats which can be defeated by reaction forces
 Guerilla Forces, Unconventional Forces, Small Tactical
Units capable of conducting raids, ambushes
o Level 3 Threats
 Those threats which require the MAGTF commander to employ
units of the GCE
 Conventional Forces, Air or Missile Attack, NBC capable
of rapidly projecting combat power deep into RA
 Threat Conditions - Based on intel and command driven
o Alpha
 General warning of possible terrorist activity
 Can maintain indefinitely
o Bravo
 Increased and more predictable threat of terrorist activity
 Can maintain for weeks without undue hardship
o Charlie
 Incident has occurred or intel indicates that terrorist action is
imminent.
 Will probably create hardship and adversely affect operations
o Delta
 Terrorist attack has occurred or intel received that terrorist action
against specific target is likely.
 Usually localized warning.
105.2 Discuss the elements of a force protection plan for a detachment deployed to a
remote area to conduct a Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) mission.
 Unity of Effort - all means directed to a common purpose
 Security - never permit enemy or others to acquire a military or political
advantage
o Self Defense
o Operations Security
 Restraint - make sure troops know Rules of Engagement (ROE) and apply
appropriate military capability
o Use Force Judiciously
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Perseverance - prepare for change in country situation at any time, some missions
take a lot of time
o Patience
o Persistent
Legitimacy - public perception is strengthened if national or humanitarian
interests are established and kept
o Gains support
o Adherence to objective
105.3 Discuss the function of the Liaison Officer (LNO) within the Marine Air-Ground
Tack Force (MAGTF) environment.
 Monitor
o Observes the operations
o Checks status of functional areas
o Keeps current status of parent organization
 Advise
o Advises supporting and supported unit commanders
o Requirements, priorities
 Coordinate
o Routes communication properly
o Coordinates flow of information
o Complements, not substitutes, staff liaison
105.4 Discuss the key elements to be considered in the selection of a landing zone.
 LZ is divided into Landing Sites, designated by colors
 Landing Site is divided into Landing Points, designated by two-digit numbers
 Seabees typically construct:
o 1 LZ
o with 1 LS
o with 1 LP
 Type of helicopter
 Position of Friendlies relative to Enemy
 Time to prepare site
 Equipment needed to prepare
 Approach and Exit - 10:1 rule
 Ground obstacles less than 1 foot
o Less on sloped ground
 Slope not to exceed 14 degrees
 Surface conditions
o Water less than 18” with firm bottom
o Minimize mud, dust, loose debris
 Dimensions
o Daylight 100’ larger than blade diameter
Night 150’ larger than blade diameter
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CONTNIGENCY OPERATIONS
CC PQS 111
111.1 Explain the fundamentals of a tent camp layout in relation to the following:
 Sufficient space for command dispersion
o Tent dispersion – 35 yards
 Concealment from ground and air observation
 Protection from bombing and strafing attacks
 Protection from mechanized attack
 Sanitary
o Water supply
o Drainage
o Shade
o Access
o Site not occupied by other units in last two months
o It is unlikely that there will be a waterborne sewage system available for use.
The usual alternative is a latrine.
 Latrines must be 100 yards from the nearest natural water source and food service
areas. The site should be reasonably near the user, but 50 feet from sleeping areas.
 Garbage pits
o Garbage is the solid or semisolid wet and dry wastes resulting from the
preparation, cooking, and serving of food. Garbage has to be removed from
the mess area before it causes bad odors or attracts rats and flies.
o The common method of garbage disposal is burial in a garbage pit.
o A garbage pit should be a 4-foot square pit that is 4 feet deep.
o It will service 100 people for 1 day.
o A garbage pit must be at least 100 yards away from water supplies and 35
yards from messing facilities
111.2 Explain the purpose of leach fields.
• An important part of a septic tank individual sewage disposal system.
• Used to dispose sewage and gray water into the ground.
• Constructed of 4- to 6-inch perforated pipe.
• Laid out in a herringbone pattern or with the laterals at right angles to the main
distribution pipe.
111.3 Describe the following as it pertains to camp maintenance
 Trouble desk
o The purpose of the camp maintenance desk is to receive all customer service
calls.
o The trouble desk coordinates the maintenance calls and tasks with the people
who provide the maintenance service.
o The trouble desk attendant enters all customer trouble calls into the trouble
desk log and fills out Emergency Service Authorization (ESA) forms.
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Emergency/Service Work
o All work requiring immediate action or any minor work requiring less than 16
man-hours and $100 in material costs is classified as emergency/service work.
Specific Job Orders
o Orders are written to cover work for which individual job costs are desired
o Specific job orders take more than 16 man-hours to complete.
Standing Job Orders
o Standing Job Orders are large repetitive jobs that require over 40 man-hours to
complete.
Operators Log
o Daily operating logs are kept on some Equipment.
o The main purpose for using operating logs is to continuously record data on
equipment performance
Inspections
o The key to a successful Preventive Maintenance (PM) program is a
systematic, continuous inspection program.
Control Inspections
o A control inspection reviews all camp facilities to determine the maintenance
required during a deployment to preserve or improve the condition of the
camp structures and property.
o It is the foundation for the camp maintenance program and workload.
o A control inspection is conducted within the first 30 days of a deployment.
Annual Inspection Summary
o The AIS report documents deficiencies in camp facilities. AIS reports are
produced annually.
o Validating deficiencies and costs is important to justify the money to support
the proper maintenance and repair of camp facilities.
Operator inspections –consist of examining and making minor adjustments.
o Performed by the operator assigned to the equipment.
o Part of the operator's day-to-day responsibilities.
o These inspections occur before, during, and after operation of the equipment.
o Operator inspection of constantly used equipment is another form of PM.
111.4 Describe the following:
 Potable water: Water that does not contain pollution, contamination, or infective
agents and is considered satisfactory for drinking.
 Non-potable water: Water that may contain objectionable or infective agents and
is considered unsafe and/or unpalatable for drinking.
 Chlorination
o Chlorination is the most common method of disinfecting potable water.
o Water from systems where sanitary, physical, operating defects or other
special hazards are known to exist must be chlorinated to specified bacterial
levels. Residual of at least 2.0 ppm.
 Super-Chlorinating
o Super-Chlorination is the application of chlorine in dosages far in excess of
the chlorine demand for disinfecting.
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o Super-chlorination is accomplished by chlorinating the water in a container or
distribution system to at least 100 parts per million (ppm)
111.5 Describe the three parts of the Advanced Base Functional Component (ABFC)
system and explain their relationships
• The Navy Advanced Base Functional Component (ABFC) System is a method of
planning, procuring, assembling, and shipping material and personnel needed to
satisfy facility support requirements
• Part 1, Component Site Plans,
o Component is defined as a grouping of personnel and material that has a
specific function or mission at an advanced base.
o Example: NMCB is a component
• Part 2, Facility Drawings
o Lists and describes by assembly number the assembly requirement for each
facility
o Example: 250 Man Tent Camp
• Assembly Drawings
o Lists line-item requirements by National Stock Number (NSN) for each
assembly
o Example: Tent 16 X 32
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CONTNIGENCY OPERATIONS
NMCB PQS 106
106.1 Explain the procedures for Rapid Runway Repair (RRR)
• Establish Command Center
• Establish Damage assessment teams
• Establish communications network
• Survey Area
• Make Repairs
106.2 State how many members are to be trained at a battalion level to satisfy the
requirements of (RRR)
• 46 personnel E-6 and below RRR level I trained
• 20 personnel E-5 and above RRR Level II trained
• 6 personnel E-6 and below cretemobile trained (FOD cover crewleaders)
106.3 Describe the duties and responsibilities of a damage assessment team and state
what type of equipment is necessary to perform their mission under Battle Damage
Repair (BDR/RRR)
•
•
•
Damage Assessment Team - responsible for the recording, marking and reporting
of all conditions on the taxiway, parking apron, fueling station, and any other
collateral damage encountered.
o Consist of 3 NMCB, 1 EOD and 1 PW personnel
All damage and types of hazards are reported and plotted.
Damage assessment kit
o Marking tape
o Non-metallic tape measures
o EOR forms
o Maps (scale 1” = 100’)
 Station
 Airfield
106.5 Describe the information found on a Level II.
 NCF LEVEL II
o Used by company CDRs, Ops
o Project specific
o By master activity
o Bi-weekly bar chart
o Quick view of project progress
o Planned progress verses actual progress curve
o Sitrep input to S3 biweekly
o Sitrep input to brigade monthly
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106.6 Describe a typical Level I and how it is generated and updated.
 A Level I schedule lists all of the projects assigned and contains a broad schedule
for each project. The schedule also includes a planned rate of accomplishment for
the entire deployment.
 After the operations officer has balanced the estimated workload against the
battalion’s manpower skills and equipment the Level I is submitted through the
chain of command up to the Commanding Officer.
 The level I is updated by the Operations Officer.
106.7 Describe the information found on a Level III.
• The following information is found on a Level III bar chart.
o Construction Activities
o Start, finish and duration of each construction activity
o Critical activities
o Free Float
106.8 State the purpose of the quality control and the project safety plans contained in
the project package.
 Quality Control Plan
o The purpose of the Quality Control Plan
o Provide customer satisfaction with a product that fulfills the requirement for
which it was intended
o Provide quality construction requiring no rework
o Provide craftsperson accountability for quality construction, and economical
use of material within the Naval Construction Force.
 Safety Plan
o The safety plan lists the hazards and corrective action to be taken from the
back of the CAS sheets.
o The crew leader must ensure that the crew is properly trained and aware of all
safety conditions present.
106.9 Describe the duties and responsibilities of the Material Liaison Officer (MLO)
within the battalion organization.
• The MLO Officer is responsible for procuring, receiving, stowing, issuing,
shipping, transferring, and accounting for all construction project material.
• He/She is also responsible for maintaining related inventory, accountability,
financial records, and files dealing with supply matters.
• Uses 1114 card to track inventory, receipt, and issue.
106.10 Explain the procedures for receipt and storage of project material within the
MLO office.
 MLO/Receipt
o When materials are received, they are separated either by the requisition serial
number or by the supplementary address.
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o The material is then distributed to the various outlets.
MLO/Storage
o Construction material must be protected from the weather, job site damage
and theft.
o Only material that can be used during a 2-week period may be requisitioned
from MLO.
106.11 Describe the procedures for issuing project material from the MLO office.
• All materiel is requisitioned from the MLO on a 1250-1.
• Personnel must give the MLO the 1250s in advance so the MLO can process the
paperwork, draw the material out of storage, and prepare it for pick-up or delivery
to the job site.
106.12 Describe the importance in attaining and maintaining complete and accurate
Construction Activity Summary Sheets (CASS) for proper project management.
• Properly filled out CAS sheets will enable someone else to take over the job in
your absence.
• The CAS sheets should contain all your notes, information, and calculations
pertaining to man-days, duration's, tools, and equipment.
• Includes:
o Activity Title
o Manday scheduled and actual
o Production availability,
o Labor
efficiency, and delay factors
o Equipment
o Manday equivalent
o Tools
o Start & finished dates,
o Materials
scheduled and actual
o QC plan
o Project duration scheduled
o Safety plan
and actual
o Environment hazard
106.17 State the purpose of ground rods when use with portable electrical distribution
systems.
 Grounding protects human life, the generator, and the distribution system
 Provides a path for electrical current to earth
106.18 State the purpose of generator sheltering.
• Generator sheltering protects and prolongs the life of advance-base portable
generators
o Protects the equipment from rain, wind, and other adverse conditions
o Good for noise discipline during contingency operations
106.19 Describe the following transportable bridges.
 Bailey Bridge (Being replaced by the Mabey-Johnson Bridge)
o Through-type metal truss bridge with heavy timber decking, roadway carried
between two main girders.
o Highly mobile and versatile bridge, can span a variety of gaps
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
 Transported in 5-ton dump & 40 ton trailer
 Quickly assembled by manpower, 30-40 personnel
 12’-6” wide, can span up to 210’
o Configurations:
 Single / Single bridge, 100’
 Double / Single bridge 140’
 Double / Double bridge 180’
o Launched and de-launched via roller system
o Additional bays are added to counter balance during launching and delaunching
o Components:
 Truss panel - form girder, 5’ x 10’ panel
 Transom - main support, 10” x 20’ flange beam
 Stringer - 10’ steel beams
 Chess - 2” x 8” x 14’ wood decking
 Rollers - launching & de-launching
 Bearing & base plates, ramps, various pins, clamps, braces, tie plates,
bolts, jacks, and carrying bars and tongs
Medium Girder Bridges
o MGB is a two girder deck bridge
o Launched and de-launched via roller system and 5 ton dump.
o Three types of MGB’s
 Single story MGB
 Double story MGB
 Linked reinforced MGB
o Transported to site via 5 ton dump & 40 ton trailer
o Crew size 24 to 32 personnel
o Bridge is formed with 2 main girders from a number of panels pinned
together.
o Roadway is formed by hanging deck units between girders and connecting
ramps at each end
o 13’-2” wide bridge
o Used for light vehicle loads
Project Material Priority Codes
 A – S3 approval
24 hours for material delivery
 B – Company Commanders 2 to 3 days for material delivery
 C – Company Commanders 3 to 5 days for material delivery
Manday Capability estimate formula: MD = CS x WD x AF x ME
 MD = Manday
 AF = Availability Factor
 CS = Crew Size
 ME = Manday Equivalent = (work hours / 8)
 WD = Workdays
Mandays required for an activity: MD = QTY/UNIT x Man hours/8 x Delay Factor
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CONTNIGENCY OPERATIONS
Officer PQS 106
106.1 Discuss the difference between deliberate and crisis action planning.
 Deliberate
o Long term planning in support of CINC’s OPLAN
 Crisis Action Planning (CAP)
o Deliberate Military Planning tailored for a specific, rapid developing
situation
 Same for both Deliberate and Crisis
o Receive and analyze task to be accomplished
o Review enemy situation and collect intel
o Develop and compare alternative course of action
o Select best alternative
o Develop and get approval for course of action
o Prepare plan
o Document plan
 Planning Requirements
o TPFDD
 Equipment
 Materials
 Facilities
o Embarkation/Debarkation Point
 Air
 Sea
o Realistic Assumptions
 Current Operations vs. Planned Operations
o Communications
 Land lines
 Message traffic
 Internet capability
o Controlled Movements
 Flow of material and equipment
 Lift capabilities
106.2 Identify which service has the lead for engineer responsibilities within a given
geographic region.
 CINC Responsibilities
o Inventory and location of significant military facilities
 Ports, Airfields, etc.
o Construction conditions in theater
 Soils, terrain, climate, beaches, tides etc.
o Inventory of Pre-positioned material/facility components
o Civilian construction capabilities and resources in theater
o Current shortfall lists construction material, equipment, facilities
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CBR WARFARE FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 112
United States Policy
 Chemical Warfare
o The United States will not use chemical agents as a first strike attack.
However, the President can authorize the use of chemical agents in retaliation
to an attack with chemical weapons.
 Biological Warfare
o The U.S. will not use biological agents, including toxins, regardless of source
or manner of production for any reason. The U.S. will limit its research
program to defensive measures, such as production of vaccines, antidotes,
treatment, and protective equipment.
112.1 Explain the following:
 Delivery of Chemical Weapons
o Bursting Type:
 Ground Burst
 Air Burst
o Spray
o Thermal
 Chemical Warfare
o Produces physiological and psychological effect
o Used in solid, liquid, and vapor form
o Causes casualties
o Degrades performance
o Disrupts support
o Restricts maneuvers
o Chemical agents are used to produce death, injury, temporary incapacitation,
or irritating effects.
o Three types of antipersonnel agents
 Casualty(nerve, blister, choking, blood)
 Incapacitating(symptoms vary)
 Harassing(tear and vomiting gases)
 Biological Warfare
o The intentional release of living organisms or substances produced by living
organisms to cause Death or Disease
o Biological operations use living organisms to cause disease or death.
o Cause diseases such as typhoid fever, cholera, and influenza.
 Radiological Warfare
o The employment of nuclear weapons to Destroy Property and Personnel
o Nuclear weapons produce explosions of great force and heat and release
nuclear radiation. Their primary purpose is the mass destruction of property
and personnel.
 Routes by which agents enter the body
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o Skin
o Through secondary means such as water and food
o Eyes and linings of the mouth and nose
112.2 Describe the purpose of the following:
 M-40 Protective Mask
o Protects face, eyes, nose, throat and lungs from CBR agents or contamination
o Offers no protection against carbon monoxide or ammonia
o Filters the air removing particles of dust that may be radioactive or otherwise
contaminated
o Purifies the air of many poisonous gases.
 Chemical Protective Overgarment (not used, replaced by JLIST)
o Two piece suit that protects against all known chemical and biological agents
o The chemical protective overgarment is NOT to be used for radiological
contamination.
 Wet-weather clothing
o Provides complete protection against alpha/beta radiological contamination
when worn with battle dress and antiflash gear
o Provides an extra layer of protection for the chemical protective overgarment.
 Atropine/2Pam Chloride auto-injector
o Used to counteract the effects of and relieve the symptoms of nerve agents
only.
 Pocket Dosimeter
o Size and shape of a fountain pen.
o Measure exposure to radiation over a period of time
112.3 Explain the six types of chemical warfare agents and their physical symptoms.
• Nerve Agents
o Types:
 G Agents
 V Agents
o Use: Quick-action casualty agent
o Symptoms of Nerve Agents
 Runny Nose
 Tightness of chest with difficulty in breathing
 Contraction of pupils
 Nausea, cramps, headache, coma and convulsions
 Symptoms can take place in 30 seconds when the dose is sufficiently
heavy
• Blister Agents
o Types:
 Mustards
 Phosgene
 Lewisite
o Use: Delayed-action casualty agent
o Symptoms of Blister Agents
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•
•
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Eyes:
•
•
Redness and inflammation
Watery
Skin:
•
•
•
Skin starts to turn red after several hours
Blisters appear on the skin
Throbbing pain and swelling may be observed
Blood Agents
o Types:
 Hydrogen Cyanide
 Cyanogen Chloride
 Arsine
o Use: Quick-Action casualty agent
o Symptoms of blood agents.
 Range from convulsions to coma
 Interfere with the ability of oxygen-carrying cells to transfer oxygen to
other body tissues
 Irritating effect on nasal passages.
Choking Agents
o Types:
 Phosgene CG
 Diphosgene DP
 Chlorine CL
o Use: Delayed-action casualty agent
Military Compounds
o Vomiting Agents – Symptoms:
 Pepper like burning of the eyes, nose, throat, and air passages
 Repeated coughing and sneezing
 Continue after donning a mask
 Become sick to the point of vomiting
 Exposed to even more hazardous agent when the mask is removed for
vomiting
o Tear Agents – Symptoms:
 Act primarily on the eyes, causing intense pain and a considerable flow of
tears
 High concentrations affect the upper respiratory tract and lungs and cause
nausea and vomiting
Incapacitating
o Physiological Effects:
 Alters and disrupts the central nervous system
o Types:
 Depressants - Sedate and destroy motivation
 Stimulants - Flood brain with too much information
o Protection Required:
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 Protective Mask
o Means of Detection:
 None
112.4 Describe the following types of nuclear explosions.
 Air Burst
o Fire ball does not touch the earth
o All materials in fireball vaporized
o Maximize blast and thermal effect over large area
 Surface Burst
o Fireball touches earth
o Surface material vaporized and lifted in air
o Produces large amounts of fallout
o Range of blast less than air burst
 Underwater Burst
o Practically all thermal radiation absorbed
o Large base serge is formed which billows up several hundred feet
112.5 Describe the following effects of nuclear explosions.
• Blast
o Primary blast injuries result from the direct action of the air shock wave on the
human body.
o Secondary blast injuries are caused mainly by collapsing buildings and by
timber and other debris flung about by the blast.
• Burns
o Primary burns are a direct result of the thermal radiation from the bomb.
o Secondary burns are the result of fires caused by the explosion.
o Flash blindness
• Nuclear Radiation
o Alpha particles: Must be taken into the body through ingestion or cuts to be
injurious.
 Internal hazard that cannot penetrate clothing
 Ranges 0”-3” off the ground
o Beta particles: Enter through the skin or ingestion, carried in contaminated
dust, dirt, or bomb residue
 Internal and External Hazard
 Most prevalent in nuclear fallout
o Gamma Rays: Pure energy and not easily stopped, can penetrate every region
of the body.
 Gamma rays strike atoms in the body cause ionization of these atoms,
which may result in any number of possible chemical reactions that
damage the cells of the body.
 Most prevalent during initial blast
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•
112.6
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o Neutrons: Have the greatest penetrating power of the nuclear radiation
hazards; create hazards to personnel when the neutron is captured in atoms of
various elements in the body, atmosphere, water, or soil.
o The captured elements become radioactive and release gamma rays and beta
particles.
Electromagnetic Pulse phenomenon
o An EMP is an intense burst of radio- frequency radiation generated by a
nuclear explosion.
o The strong, quick-rising surges of electric current induced by EMP in power
transmission lines and long antennas could burn out most unprotected
electrical and electronic equipment.
Define Mission Oriented Protective Posture and discuss the levels.
MOPP 0 - All CBR gear easily accessible
MOPP I - Overgarmit
MOPP II – Overgarmit, Boots
MOPP III – Overgarmit, Boots, Mask
MOPP IV – Overgarmit, Boots, Mask, Gloves, Hood, Tape
112.7 Describe the correct procedures for inspecting, maintaining, and donning the
chemical protective ensemble.
 NCF only uses CPO during FEX, they issue the JLIST
 CPO Inspection
o Packaging
o Expiration date
o Tears
 CPO Maintenance
o Keep dry
o Store in bag when not worn
o Avoid POLs
 Gloves and Boots
o Inspect for wear and tears
 Donning the Chemical Protective Overgarment
o Don the trousers and tighten the waist by using the hook and pile fasteners.
o Bring the straps over your shoulders and cross them across your chest. Insert
straps into the belt loops and secure them snugly.
o Don the smock.
o Secure bottom of smock with hook and pile fasteners.
 Donning the overboots.
o Attach the laces to the toe loop, making sure that the laces are centered.
o Put a lace through each of the holes on the sides of the boot and pull them up
snug.
o Cross the laces over the instep.
o Put one lace through each of the holes at the heal, inserting them from inside
to outside and pulling the laces snug.
o Again cross the laces ver the instep.
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o Thread the laces through the holes on the side again from inside to outside
o Cross the laces over the instep one more time and pull them snug
o Wrap the laces behind the ankle and back to the front. Tie the laces securely.
Notes
o Trousers are worn over the boots
o White cotton undergloves and black, butyl rubber chemical protective outer
gloves are worn under the sleeves.
o The use of masking tape at the wrists and ankles is a common procedure to
protect against loosening of hook and pile seals and to provide additional
sealant protection.
M-40 Maintenance
o Cleaning and Care
 Clean with warm soapy water
 Air dry before storing in carrier
 Keep filter dry
 Replace damaged or worn parts
o Pre-fit mask prior to storing in mask carrier
 Test drinking tube
 Conduct negative pressure test
o Donning the Mask
 Open mask carrier with left hand
 Hold bottom of mask carrier with your left hand while removing the mask
with your right hand.
 Slide your thumbs inside the facepiece under all of the head harness
straps. Grasp the top of the facepiece and thrust your chin forward.
 Hold our head still while you raise the mask to your out-thrust chin and
bring the harness over the back of your head.
 Center the head pad
 Grasp the tab ends of the lower straps and tighten them.
 Close the outlet valve with the heal of your hand. Breathe out forcibly to
clear the mask.
 Test the mask for fit and for possible leakage by placing your palms over
the canisters. When you inhale normally, the mask should collapse
against your face.
JLIST - The Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology or JSLIST
consists of a two piece garment designed to replace the Navy's existing Chemical
Protection Overgarment (CPO). The JSLIST garment offers a number of
advantages over the Navy’s current CPO. The JSLIST garment features state-ofthe-art chemical protective lining technology which provides increased chemical
protection while allowing more mobility for the wearer, and can be laundered up
to three times. The CPO suit contains a charcoal impregnated lining. During wear,
this lining is leached onto the wearer causing inner garments to become coated
with charcoal dust. Key features of the footwear include combined environmental
and CB protection, POL resistance, and self flame extinguishing characteristics.
In addition, the system is required to be durable, designed to take into account the
human factors of (and acceptability to) the user, and reduce the heat stress
- 126 -
112.8 Describe the colors and markings on the NATO biological, chemical and
radiological marker signs.
 NBC Marking Kit
o NATO-standard triangular signs
o Markers are placed outside the contaminated area
o Markers face out from contamination
o M9 Paper
 Chemical Marker
o Yellow triangle
o Says ‘GAS’, then has type of agent and DTG
 Biological Marker
o Blue triangle
o Says ‘BIO’, then has type of agent and DTG
 Radiological Marker
o White triangle
o Says ‘ATOM’, then has rads/hr and DTG
112.9 Describe the color that the M-9 chemical agent detector paper turns after it comes
in contact with a liquid nerve or blister agent.
 M9 Paper
o Detects the presence of liquid nerve and blister agents.
o Spots or streaks on the paper appear pink, red-brown, red-purple, or any shade
of red, assume it has been exposed to a chemical agent.
112.10 Explain the following as it applies to nerve agents.
• Symptoms of nerve agent poisoning
o Unexplained runny nose
o Unexplained sudden headache
o Drooling
o Difficulty with vision (dimness of vision)
o Tightness in chest/difficulty in breathing
o Localized sweating/muscle twitching in contaminated area of the skin
o Stomach cramps
o Nausea
• Severe symptoms. Casualties with severe symptoms can experience most or all of
the mild symptoms and most or all of the symptoms listed below:
o Strange or confused behavior
o Wheezing, severe difficulty in breathing, and coughing
o Red eyes with possible tearing
o Vomiting
o Severely pinpointed pupils
o Severe muscular twitching and general weakness
o Involuntary urination and defecation
o Convulsions
- 127 -

•
•
o Unconsciousness
o Respiratory failure
Nerve Agent Antidote Kit (NAAK)
o Auto-injectors:
 1 ea Atropine
 1 ea 2PAM Chloride
Treatment (Self)
o Follow immediately with second injector of 2-pam chloride and hold for at
least 10 seconds.
o Bend needle to form a hook and place on the protective outergarment
o Massage injection site if time permits
o Wait 10 - 15 minutes before administering second series of injections (no
more than three)
o Don the protective mask
o Remove a NAAK from the protective mask carrier
o Inject the thigh with the first injector from the kit (atropine) hold against
thigh for at least 10 seconds
Treatment (Buddy)
o Mask the casualty
o Using the casualties NAAK administer three sets of injections immediately
and in rapid succession in the thigh muscle of the leg.
o Hook the expended autoinjectors to the overgarment pocket flap of the
casualty.
o Administer the back pressure arm-lift method of artificial ventilation if
breathing is difficult or has ceased.
112.11 Describe the steps and procedures in utilizing the M291 decontamination kits.
 M291 Skin Decontamination Kit
o Replaced the M258A1
o Wallet-like pouch with 6 decon packets
 Black, reactive, and absorbent resin power
 Attached strap for inserting finger
o M295 is a larger version of the M291 and is used for equipment decon
• Steps and procedures for using the M291 decontamination kit for skin:
o Open the decon kit, and pull out one DECON 1 pad packet by the tab
o Fold the packet on the solid line marked "BEND", then unfold it
o Tear the packet open quickly at the notch, remove, and unfold the pad.
o Wipe your skin for 1 minute.
o Deposit the pad in a proper container.
o Pull out one DECON 2 pad packet. Crush the enclosed glass ampoules
between your thumb and fingers.
o Fold the packet on the solid line marked "CRUSH AND BEND", then unfold.
o Tear the packet open quickly at the notch, and remove the pad.
o Fully open the pad. Let the encased crushed glass ampoules fall into a proper
container.
o Wipe the contaminated skin for 2 to 3 minutes.
- 128 -
112.12 State how long the Chemical Protective Overgarment suit will provide protection
from chemical agents once they are removed from the packaging under the following
conditions.
• After exposure to CBR agents, the CPO provides at least 6 hours of continuous
protection.
• After the protective suit is removed from the protective envelope, it must be used
within 14 days.
112.13 Describe the following types of decontamination.
• Immediate:
o Skin decon
o Operator spray down
• Operational:
o Removal of gross contaminants
o MOPP gear exchange
• Thorough:
o Detailed troop and equipment decon
o Reduce contaminants to a negligible risk
112.14 Describe the procedure for setting up a personnel decontamination station.
• The PDS is set up in a secure, uncontaminated area located as far forward as the
tactical situation permits.
• Personnel from both the decontamination and the supported unit operate the PDS
under the supervision of the Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Defense
Officer or the Disaster Preparedness Operations and Training Specialist.
• Removing contaminated MOPP gear, including the Protective mask, is the major
action in Detailed Troop Decontamination (DTD).
• If DTD is not performed chemical agents may eventually penetrate the overgarment and contaminate under clothing or skin.
• .The contaminated unit is responsible for setting up, Operating, and closing the
DTD in a thorough decon site.
• The CBR office recommends to the COC the general location of the DTD within
the decon site.
112.15 Describe the duties and responsibilities of the following CBR teams.
• Personnel Decontamination
o Set up and operate the Detailed Troop Decontamination
• Equipment Decontamination
o Set up and operate the Detailed Equipment Decontamination
• Survey/Monitoring Teams
o Find/identify contamination or monitor movement/levels of existing
contamination
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112.16 State the purpose and the optimum location of the M8A1 chemical alarm.
• Primary means of detecting chemical agents arriving in a unit area from an
upwind chemical attack.
• Detects chemical agents in vapor and aerosol form
• Alerts by audible and visual signal
• Disperse 300 meters apart and 400 meters up wind from FLOT.
• Consist of
o M43A1 detector unit
o M42 alarm unit
112.17 Explain the three types of CBR surveys and their uses.
 Point Survey
o The point surveillance mission is conducted for a specific period of time,
oriented to key terrain.
o It is typically conducted to ensure that time sensitive or critical operations can
be conducted without unwarned encounters with chemical agent clouds or
transfer hazards resulting from munitions event
 Route Survey
o Routes and specific points may be surveyed if that information is usually
found during recon operations
o If conducted, the survey team goes to a specific point or points along a route
and tests for the presence of liquid contamination with M8 or M9 detector
paper.
 Area Survey
o The goal of an area surveillance mission is to provide a tailored detection
capability in those tactical situations where it is impractical to employ remote
point samplers, such as M8A1 system.
112.18 What type of standard decontamination reacts violently with liquid mustard
agent?
• Super-tropical bleach: STB reacts violently by igniting spontaneously upon
contact with liquid mustard agent.
• STB should not be inhaled or come in contact with the skin. STB gives off toxic
vapors upon contact with G agents.
112.19 Describe the following as it relates to CBR:
 Pre-Attack Actions
o Extended wear of protective clothing. (The individual may have to adapt to
wearing protective clothing and equipment for extended periods).
o M9 Chemical Agent Detector Paper. Attach to clothing. If spots or streaks on
the paper appear pink, red-brown, red-purple or any shade of red, assume it
has been exposed to a chemical agent.
- 130 -





o Alertness and Proficiency. Individuals must remain alert and constantly
aware of the chemical threat.
o Protection of Individual Equipment. Keep equipment and supplies organized
and covered.
During Attack Actions
o Stop breathing
o Don Protective mask
o Give the alarm
o Continue the mission and wait for further orders.
o Assist others when the situation permits.
After Attack Actions
o Remain in protective gear and continue your mission.
o Give first aid to casualties in the immediate vicinity when the situation and
mission permit.
o Await the commander’s order for unmasking.
Nuclear Attack - Pre-Attack Actions
o Fighting Hole:
 The deeper the fighting hole, the more protection it provides
 An overhead covering of earth or other material will help reduce the
amount of thermal and initial nuclear radiation and fallout material from
reaching the individual.
o Cover must be sturdy enough to withstand the blast wave.
o Field Shelters. Tunnels, caves, and storm drains provide effective shelter.
Vehicles made of steel provide some protection.
o Supplies and Equipment. Equipment and supplies not being worn should be
placed in the fighting hole to prevent them from becoming missiles.
Nuclear Attack - During Attack Actions
o Drop Flat on Ground facedown or to the bottom of a fighting hole.
o Close your eyes.
o Protect exposed skin from heat by putting hands and arms near or under your
body. Keep your helmets on.
Nuclear Attack - After Attack Actions
o Remain down until after the blast has passed and debris has stopped falling.
o Stay calm, check for injury, check weapons and equipment for damage, and
prepare to continue the mission.
o Begin fallout monitoring
o Bathe and change clothes as soon as possible
o Avoid breathing dust(place handkerchief or similar cloth over mouth
o Remember run off water is contaminated
M8 paper – Detects liquid nerve and blister agents.
Red = Blister
Yellow = G Nerve (liquid)
Green = V Nerve (vapor)
- 131 -
M256 A1 – Chemical Agent Detector (Liquid and vapors). Detects Nerve, Blister and
Blood agents.
M272 A1 – Chemical Agent Detector (Liquid and vapors). Detects Nerve, Blister and
Blood agents in water.
M17 PDDA “Power driven decon apparatus” used to spray decon solution onto
equipment.
- 132 -
DETAILED TROOP DECONTAMINATION
CONTAMINATION
CONTROL LINE
1
INDIVIDUAL
GEAR DECON
EQUIPMENT
PATH
EQUIPMENT
PATH
OVERBOOT AND
GLOVE DECON
7
2
4
ALTERNATE FOR
RADIOLOGICAL DECON
SOAPY WATER
RINSE
SPONGES
TOWELS
MASK
DECON
POINT
3
OVERBOOT
AND HOOD
DECON
OVERBOOTS
AND GLOVE
REMOVAL
OVERGARMENT
REMOVAL
MASK PATH
5
WIND DIRECTION
MONITOR
LIQUID
CONTAMINATION
CONTROL LINE
6
MASK
REMOVAL
8
VAPOR
CONTAMINATION REISSUE
CONTROL LINE
POINT
1. Individual Gear Decon (drop off gear, get in shuffle pit, use Super Tropical
Bleach to cleanse of Gross Contaminants, use dirt if mustard gas)
2. Hood and Overboot Decon
3. Remove Overgarments
4. Remove Gloves and Boots
Cross Liquid Control Line
5. Monitored for chemical poisoning
6. Remove Gas Mask (monitored again)
7. Decon Gas Mask
Cross Vapor Control Line (M8A1 at line)
8. Gear Re-issue
- 133 -
DETAILED EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION SITE
Detailed
Equipment
Decontamination
Site
NONCONTAMINATED
VEHICLE ROUTE
PRE-DECON
ACTIONS
250 - 500 METERS
WIND
M17
M1
7
M17
STATION 1
PRIMARY
WASH
DETAILED TROOP DECON
50-100 METERS
BETWEEN
STATIONS
STATION 2
DS2
APPLICATION
STATION 3
CONTACT TIME
INTERIOR
DECON
KE
TROOP
Y
S
TRASH CAN
WATER BLADDER
M17
M17
STATION 4
RINSE
CLEAN PERSONNEL
WATER RESUPPLY
HOTLINE
STATION 5
CHECK
TO TACTICAL
ASSEMBLY
AREA
Download troops (A-Driver to DTD)
1. Wash vehicle with M17
2. Spray vehicle with DS2
3. Interior Decon (sit 30 minutes)
4. Vehicle rinse
Driver to DTD, A-driver to vehicle
5. Test vehicles for contaminants
- 134 -
EMBARK FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 113
113.1 Describe the organization and makeup of an air detachment, air echelon and sea
echelon, and state their required deployable time frames.
• Air Det (TA41)
o 89 personnel
 Tailored to support mission
o 34 units of CESE
o 250-300 short tons cargo
o Deploy within 48 hours
o Self sufficient for 30 days (except for food, fuel and ammo)
o Repair war damage and/or construct urgent projects
• Air Echelon (TA31)
o 648 personnel
o 103 units of CESE
o 1,200-1,250 short tons cargo
o Deploy within 6 days
o Self-sufficient for 60 days (except for food, fuel and ammo)
o Maximum NMCB capability/diversity
• Sea Echelon (TA22)
o 26 personnel
o Remainder of CESE and outsized CESE
o Deploy within 6 days/arrive within 30 days
o Cargo/equipment to sustain for 90 days
113.2 Explain the operations of the Mount Out Control Center (MOCC).
• Controls, coordinates, and monitors the movement of all personnel, supplies, and
equipment to an embarkation staging area.
• XO is responsible for operation
• Contains node, CESE tracking, pallet tracking and aircraft arrival and departure
charts.
113.3 Define the following as applied to embarkation.
• ACL: (Allowable Cabin/Cargo Load) Amount of passengers/cargo that may be
transported by a specific aircraft.
• ALCE: (U.S. Air Force Airlift Control Element) Supports airlift missions where
command control, mission reporting, and/or support functions are limited or do
not exist.
• MARSHALLING: Process by which units move equipment, cargo, and personnel
to temporary staging area near embarkation points.
• AACG: (Arrival Airfield Control Group) Responsible for receiving all airlifted
items, and movement from airfield to deployment site.
• DACG: (Departure Airfield Control Group) Responsible for controlling the flow
of personnel, cargo, and equipment from the marshalling area to the aircraft.
- 135 -
113.4 Describe how equipment and cargo are to be prepared for air/sea movement.
• CESE
o Cleaned
o Mechanically inspected
o Reduced height (remove ROPs)
o Mobile loaded (if necessary)
o Weighed, and marked with center of balance
o Staged
• CARGO
o Inventoried
o Palletized
 463L aircraft pallet (AIR)
 40”X 48” wood pallet (SEA)
o Containerized
 appropriate ISO container
o Weighed and marked/ Staged
• 463L Pallet
o Exterior Dimension 108” X 88”
o Usable Dimension 104” X 84”
o Weight empty 290 lbs
 With nets 354 lbs
 Max total with load 10,354 lbs
o Maximum Cargo Height 96”
o Aluminum Shell with a balsa wood interior
o Able to be locked into the aircraft rail system
o 3 cargo nets, two on the sides and one over the top
113.5 State the four types of AMC organic aircraft and their primary use and mission.
• C-130 Hercules
o Tactical aircraft used for in-theater operations.
o Planning ACL 25,000 lbs
o Maximum cargo dimensions
 115”W x 105”H (pallet #6, max height of 76” and 5K lbs)
o Six 463L pallet positions
o Maximum seating for 90 passengers, but limited to 74 passengers over water
 C-17 Globemaster III
o Strategic/tactical aircraft used for inter-theater and in-theater transport of
troops and outsized cargo.
o ACL 90,000 lbs
o Maximum cargo dimensions
 196”W x 143”H
o Eighteen 463L pallet positions in the logistics restraint rail system.
o Eleven 463L pallets in the aerial delivery rail system.
o Minimum runway 3,000 ft
o Maximum seating for 102 passengers / 54 permanent seats
 C-5 GALAXY
- 136 -
o Global strategic aircraft used for inter-theater transport of troops and
oversized cargo.
o Planning ACL 150,000 lbs
o Maximum cargo dimensions
 228”W x 162”H
 Pallets #35 and 36, max height 70”, max weight 7K lbs
o Thirty six 463L pallet positions
o Maximum seating for 343 passengers, but limited to 329 passengers over
water / 73 permanent seats
113.6 State the six essential convoy personnel positions and their duties and
responsibilities that are to be considered for a unit movement.
 Three Divisions
o March Column
 Composed of entire convoy
 Convoy Commander in charge
o Serial Column
 Limited to 20 vehicles
o Unit Column
 Limited to 10 vehicles or less
 Convoy Commander
o initiates, issues and enforces march orders
o supervises movement
 Serial Commander
o In charge of 20 vehicles
o Supervises serial
o Answers to Convoy Commander
 Advance Officer
o Precedes the column
o Recons the route and selects alternate routes
o Notifies proper authorities
o Post traffic control personnel
 Trail Officer
o Post warning flags
o prevent interference
o enforce convoy discipline
o collects traffic control personnel
 Unit Commander
o Responsible for 10 units of CESE
 Maintenance Officer
o Rides at rear of convoy
o Responsible for CESE maintenance
 Vehicle Commander
o Usually a Petty Officer in charge of all vehicles carrying troops
 Pace Setter
o Usually a Petty Officer stationed in lead vehicle.
- 137 -


Guides
o Personnel posted at critical intersections when on non-tactical convoys
Escorts
o Military Police or other personnel for a non-tactical movement
o During tactical movements, the escorts may be armed guards, armed aircraft,
infantry, armored units, or other units as required to protect or accompany the
convoy.
113.7 Explain the three color classifications used to determine convoy road routes.
 Green
o relatively safe from hostile activity
 Yellow
o subject to limited activity
 Red
o hostile activity is imminent
113.8



What factors determine the speed at which a convoy will move?
30 mph on open road
100 ft interval between vehicles
Speed determined by slowest vehicle in convoy
113.9 Describe the different types of cargo containers that may be used for unit
movements.
 Kit and mount- out boxes
o 20”W X 48”L
o 250 lbs per box
 TRICONS
o 6 1/2 ft X 8 ft X 8 ft
 Standard 20
o 8 ft X 8 ft X 20 ft
 Configured 20
o 8 ft X 8 ft X 20 ft
o with built-in cabinets
 Flatrack
o 8 ft X 8 ft X 20 ft
o Open ended
 Half Height
o 8 ft X 4 ft X 20 ft
 SIXCON
o 6 1/2 ft X 8 ft X 4 ft
o used to transport fuel & water
- 138 -
EMBARK FUNDAMENTALS
NMCB PQS 105
105.3 Describe embarkation training requirements.
• Formal embarkation training prepares only a small portion of the unit’s personnel
for conducting an orderly mount out.
• Within each unit a series of periodic formal embarkation training briefings must
be held to indoctrinate all personnel for specific responsibilities.
•
Training Requirements
o Air Embark Planning – 2 O’s, 2 E7 –E9
o Sea Embark Planning – 2 O’s, 1 E7 – E9, 14 E5 –E6’s
o Airlift of HAZMAT – 10 E5 – E6’s, 2 SK’s
o Pallet Construction – 10 E5 and above, 30 others
o MAC Affiliation Course – 20 personnel
105.4 Describe the Maritime Pre-positioning Force Enhanced.
• The TA-57 is composed of modules entitled Core, Vertical, Horizontal and NCR,
which totals a full NMCB and NCR TOA minus the Fly in Echelons.
- 139 -
EMBARK FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 107
107.1 Define TPFDD and discuss its purpose when utilized in programming a strategic
lift.
 Definition: Time Phased Force and Deployment Data
 Supports OPLAN(s)
 Database which:
o Prioritizes unit arrival
o Details unit travel route
o Estimate cargo movement requirements
o Estimates transportation requirements
107.2 Discuss what is found in the Type Unit Characteristics (TUCHA) data/files.
 Definition: Type Unit Characteristics
 Planning Data File for:
o Deployable units of fixed composition
 Contains
o Weight & Volume of cargo
o Physical characteristics of cargo
o Personnel requiring non-organic transportation
107.3 Discuss the differences between a Special Assignment Airlift Mission (SAAM) and
lifts of opportunity.
 US TRANSCOM Manages Transpiration Program for DOD
 AMC (AIR MOBILITY COMMAND) manages AIR transportation program for
DOD
 AMC SAAM Mission:
o User funded mission
o Special pick-up or delivery
 Outside established routes or
 Special # PAX, cargo, mission, etc.
o Battalion mainbody deployment moves are SAAM missions
 NALO Mission:
o Navy (Fleet Funded Mission)
107.4 Discuss the Embarkation Officer duties within your unit.
 Responsible to the CO for the orderly and efficient embarkation of the Battalion.
 Know the location of supplies, equipment, and vehicles assigned to the Battalion.
 Maintain Turnover and MOCC files with current data
 Train the embark staff to increase proficiency.
 Coordinate with the S3 all requirements for Battalion movement.
 Validate/Update all Preliminary Load Plans (PLP)
 Ensure all DETs/DFTs are assigned qualified embarkation personnel.
 Schedule/Coordinate an MOCC during both homeport and deployment.
- 140 -

Maintain a complete Embarkation Library
107.5 Discuss the different types of strategic lift capabilities for sea, land, and air.
 AIR: AMC Controlled
o For NMCB
 Primary means of moving PAX from the deployment site to
theater.
 Korea OPLAN - 500 short tons (15% TOA by weight)
 SEA (Amphibious)
o MSC Ships or Gator Navy
o For NMCB
 Desert Storm: All sealift MSC or foreign flagged ships.
 Korea OPLAN: Korean black hulls
 Transportation bulk of cargo is 85% of TOA and 20-25 PAX
 LAND (Convoy and Rail)
o For NMCB
 Pieces of almost all embark exercises.
 Battalion camp to embark port (air or sea0. Debark port to AO.
 US TRANSCOM responsible from sea port to AO if rail travel
 Seabees move organically over roads
CESE to move containers: 20 ton Ratch, Mantis 14 ton container crane, 35 ton crane.
PUP-505 - Shippers Dangerous Goods Declaration Manual. Document for all HAZMAT
pallets included in embark.
Determining CB of vehicles: Weigh all axles, establish a RDL (Reference Datum Line)
at the front axle, measure distance from RDL to all axles (center of dual axles), compute
moments for all axles or combined axles, divide total moments by total weight to
determine CB.
Example: Weight x Distance = Moment
(2.5 ton truck with trailer)
Front axle: 5,750 lbs x 0”
=
0
Rear axle: 7,894 lbs x 154” =
1,215,676 in lbs
Tri-axle: 2,668 lbs x 336” =
896,448 in lbs
Total = 2,112,124 in lbs / 16,312 lbs = 129 inches
The CB for this example is 129 inches aft of the front axle.
- 141 -
CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (CESE)
FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 114
114.1 Describe the following terms:
• CESE - Civil Engineer Support Equipment is industrial equipment that is
typically non-portable Shop equipment costing more than $1,000
• MHE - Material Handling Equipment
o Forklifts
• WHE - Weight Handling Equipment
o Cranes
• POL - Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants
114.2 Explain the importance of proper operator equipment maintenance and operation.
• Proper maintenance is the care given and the work performed to keep vehicles
and equipment in safe and serviceable operating condition during their normal
service life. Maintenance helps detect minor deficiencies before they lead to
costly repairs.
• The first sign of vehicle trouble should be detected by the operator during one of
the three daily inspections. These inspections occur before, during, and after
operations.
• During Operation Inspection - The during operation inspection consists of the
operator using knowledge of the equipment and his or her senses to detect
indications needing attention.
• Be aware of the following indications of possible failure:
o The smell of burning rubber, grease, or clutches.
o The sound of unusual noises.
o The unusual fluctuations or readings on instruments and gages.
o The feel of drag, pull, or vibration.
o The loss of tire air pressure or rocks in the tires.
• After operation inspection and service require the operator to first perform proper
shutdown procedures.
• After shutdown, operators must perform the following actions:
o Check equipment cleanliness
o Drain air tanks and cover exhaust stacks.
o Close doors, windows, and hoods.
o Set the brakes and chock wheels.
o Block dump beds for draining.
o Top off fuel tanks if the tanks are less than one-half Full.
o Report any defects on the trouble report.
- 142 -
114.3 Explain the procedures in filling out and submitting an operator’ s inspection
guide, trouble report (hardcard), and vehicle trip ticket.
• Motor Vehicle Utilization Record
• Used for each item of automotive equipment and trailers on a daily or trip basis.
• Official authorization to operate a vehicle, whether it is driven by the requester or
driven by a pool operator.
114.4 Explain the difference between organic and augment CESE and how they are
identified.
• Organic: basic allowance of equipment approved by the Chief of Naval
Operations and published twice a year as a Naval Facilities Engineering
Command notice.
o Allowance items are selected to provide support in a contingency situation.
o Organic allowances are not designed to meet every need.
• Augment: requested when an assigned project requires more equipment than the
organic allowance supplies.
114.5 State the purpose of a Standard Form 91.
• Obtain and properly spell names and street addresses of persons involved in the
mishap and all witnesses to the accident.
• Carefully note weather conditions, road conditions, position of the vehicle
involved, and other details.
• Describe all events of the accident in detail to the point that a person although
never having been at the scene, could visualize the accident.
• State visible damage, such as "crushed right rear wheel or crumpled fender."
114.6 Explain where you would obtain specific information for operating CESE in
extreme environments.
• For specific information on operating CESE in extreme environment you need to
refer to the vehicle operators / maintenance manuals.
114.7 Describe how to combat-harden personnel carrier vehicle
• Too often in combat situations it is possible for enemy forces to booby trap roads
and paths used by U.S. forces
• Command detonated mines are often used to start an ambush.
•
•
Mines may also be planted along the shoulder of the road for the purposes of
limiting travel and for harassment.
Combat hardening a personnel carrier vehicle is accomplished by covering the
inside floor of the vehicle with sandbags, removing tarps and bows, and installing
a garrot bar
- 143 -
Trip Ticket DD-1970 – Issued to a licensed operator only. Gives the operator
authorization to utilize a piece of CESE. Tracks usage for justification of assignment,
and mileage for PM schedules.
Yard Boss – Responsible for the smooth daily operation of the transportation yard.
Ensures proper pre-starts are completed, traffic control inside the yard, equipment on
ready line not being used on projects are cycled to maintain highest state of readiness.
Turns in and receives equipment from / to the CM Shop Inspector.
Collateral Custodian – Responsible for accountability, ordering, inventory, storing, and
issuing collateral equipment for every piece of CESE assigned with CB-60 Cards.
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CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (CESE)
FUNDAMENTALS
NMCB PQS 107
107.1 State the purpose of the Battalion Equipment Evaluation Program (BEEP)
• To pass on all special knowledge of CESE maintenance and operations
techniques. To include:
o Condition codes
o Equipment on deadline or shop line and status of repairs
o All collateral equipment is accounted for
• To provide the relieving battalion with a realistic and in-depth condition
evaluation of CESE allowance, facilities, tools and materials.
107.2 State the various types of Civil Engineer Support Equipment (CESE) found in the
P-25.
Table of Allowance
•703.1 Construction Equipment:
•DESCRIPTION
ECC:
MAX QTY
•TRK AMBULANCE HMMWV
0361-43
2
•TRK MAINTENANCE HMMWV
0363-61
4
•TRUCK DUMP
0587-61
16
•TRK FLD SERVICE 4X4 MTVR
0709-61
2
•TRK WRECKER 25T MTVR
0730-61
2
•TRK TANK FUEL SERV MTVR
0746-61
2
•TRLR TANK 400 GAL WATER
0880-02
10
•MIXER CONCRETE 11 CU FT
2433-01
2
•DISTRIBUTOR ASPHALT MTVR
2520-61
1
•DISTRIB WATER 2000 GAL MTVR
2521-61
2
•DISTRIBUTOR 7000 GAL
2523-22
2
•COMPRESSOR AIR 250 CFM
3135-02
4
•COMPRESSOR AIR 750 CFM
3165-02
1
•COMPRESSOR AIR 750 CFM
3165-11
1
•HAMMER PILE W/LEADS
3630-32
1
•EXTRACTOR PILE PNEU 100T
3635-01
1
•AUGER EARTH TRK MTVR
3710-61
2
•DRILLWELL 1500FT ITWD
3720-02
1
•DRILL SUPPORT VEHICLE MTVR
3720-61
1
•DITCHING MACK LADDER
4310-01
1
•DITCHING MACH WHEEL
4310-02
1
•EXCAVATOR TRACKED
4350-01
2
•GRADER ROAD AIR TRANS
4420-21
6
•LOADER SCP F/TRK 2.5 CY
4530-41
4
•LOADER SCP WHL 4X4 2CY
4531-10
3
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•LOADER
SCP WHL 4X4 2.5 CY
•ROLLER COMPACT 9 WHL
•ROLLER VIB ATR-STEER ROPS
•SCRAPER TRACTOR 14/18 CY
•TRACTOR CRAWLER 105HP W/ROPS
•TRACTOR CRAWLER 200HP W/WINCH
•TRACTOR CRAWLER 200HP W/RIP
•TRACTOR WHEELED
•TRACTOR, WHEELED
•FLOODLIGHT TRAILER
•GEN 15KW SKID MEP804A TQ
•GEN 30KW SKID MEP805A TQ
•LUBE UNIT SKID W/AIR COMP
•WELDER ARC 300AMP W/TIG
•PUMP RECIP 100GPM
•PUMP RECIP 400 GPM
•PUMP CENT TRASH 1000 GPM
•SPRAYER DECON SKID 50 GPM
•SWEEPER MAGNET TOWED
•SAW WOODWORK 16 IN RADIAL
4531-30
4615-01
4635-20
4750-20
4830-10
4850-11
4850-21
4875-03
4875-10
5110-22
5121-15
5122-30
5160-01
5170-71
5210-11
5220-21
5220-31
5420-01
5710-21
5900-01
3
2
3
6
2
3
3
1
2
10
4
3
1
7
2
8
1
2
2
4
107.3 State the purposes of the following publications and instructions.
 P-300
o The purpose of this publication is to assist management at all levels in
properly discharging their responsibilities in the efficient management of the
transportation program.
 11200 Series
o The purpose of this publication is to establish policy, assign actions and give
guidance for the Naval Construction Force Equipment Management program.
 P-307
o To maintain the level of safety and reliability built into each unit of applicable
equipment by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM);
o To ensure optimum service life
o To provide uniform standards for licensing of WHE operators;
o To ensure the safe lifting and controlling capability of WHE and promote safe
operating practices through the inspection, test, certification, qualification, and
operation requirements prescribed herein.
107.4 State the purposes and uses of the following licenses.
• OF/346
o Military Drivers license which lists the vehicles you are authorized to drive.
Can be from 1 1/4 ton pick-up truck to 20 ton tractor. Good for 3 years.
• 11260/2
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o This is the heavy construction equipment license. Maintained with your
license record in the License Examiners office. It lists all the construction
equipment you are authorized to operate. Good for 2 years.
107.5 Describe the term deadline.
• CESE is deemed deadline because of mechanical failure.
o Parts required are not available for over 3 working days.
o Parts are ordered NORS (Not Operationally Ready Supply).
107.6 Describe the Live Storage Program
• Equipment is placed in live storage when there is no foreseeable need for the
equipment for a period of two preventive maintenance (PM) cycles or 80 working
days.
o Also it must be in A5 or better condition.
o All cranes, however, shall be maintained in an active status under control of
the crane crew.
11240/13 – ‘Hard Card’, Preoperational inspection card
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CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (CESE)
FUNDAMENTALS
Officer PQS 108
108.1 Discuss Civil Engineer Support Equipment (CESE) key management indicators
and how they are utilized.
 Availability: Pieces of CESE ready for dispatch at the end of the day.
o Brigade Goal >90%
o CM’s must attempt to finish PM and Paperwork by COB
 Deadline: Equipment down > 3 Days
o Brigade Goal <5%
o Command focus on expeditious CESE repair emphasized
 PM to Interim Ratio: Comparison of Scheduled (Preventative) To Unscheduled
(Interim) Maint.
o Brigade Goal: 3 to 1 or higher
o Metric to gauge effectiveness of PM program and correct and proper
equipment operation.
 CM to Equipment Ratio.
o Brigade Goal: 6 to 1 or higher
o Ensure sufficient CMs available to maintain CESE.
108.2 Discuss the CESE condition codes.
 Secondary purpose of BEEP; provides an objective evaluation of P-25 TOA.
 Identifies CESE Requiring Repair or Replacement
 Alpha Numeric Codes:
o A1-3 Unused Equipment
o A4 Serviceable/Used-Good
o A5 Serviceable/Used-Fair
o A6 Serviceable/Used-Poor
108.3 State the members of a crane team and discuss their individual safety requirements.
 Crane Certifying Officer: Overall Program Safety
o Determines required crane (re)certification and results
 Crane Crew Supervisor: Overall team/lift safety
o Assigns other members of crane team
o Completes lift safety checklist
 Actual/Estimate of lift weight
 compares with crane capacity and geometry
 Crane level and stable <1% off level ( 0.57 degree)
 Overhead power deenergized
 10’ + 5’/150KV
 Rigger-in-Charge: Controls the crane team/operation
o Completes lift plan
 Actual/Estimate of lift weight
 Communications
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


 Overhead power deenergized
 Appropriate rigging requirements
 Crane level and stable
Rigger: Crane Preuse inspection and rigging of load
Operator: Proficient and understands lift
Walker & Roadmaster: Safe travel of crane
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SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS
CC PQS 115
115.1 Describe the concept of Operational Risk Management.
 Applying the Operational Risk Management process will reduce mishaps, lower
costs and provide for more efficient use of resources.
 A decision making tool used by people at all levels to increase operational
effectiveness by anticipating hazards and reducing the potential for loss, thereby
increasing the probability of a successful mission.
 Increases our ability to make informed decisions by providing the best baseline of
knowledge and experience available
 Minimizes risks to acceptable levels, commensurate with mission
accomplishment. The amount of risk we will take in war is much greater than that
we will take in peace, but the process is the came.
115.2 Describe the following terms as it applies to Operational Risk Management.
 Identify Hazards
o Begin with an outline or chart of the major steps in the operation (operation
analysis). Next, conduct a Preliminary Hazard Analysis by listing all of the
hazards associated with each step in the operational analysis along with
possible causes for those hazards
 Assess Hazards
o For each hazard identified, determine the associated degree of risk in terms of
probability and severity.
 Risk Decisions
o Start with the most serious risk and select controls that will reduce the risk to
a minimum consistent with mission accomplishment.
o With selected controls in place, decide if the benefit of the operation
outweighs the risk.
o If the risk outweighs benefit or if assistance is required to implement controls,
communicate with higher authority in the chain of command
 Supervise
o Monitor for any changes which might present new hazards.
o Adjust ineffective controls.
o Determine which controls are effective and ensure they are implemented for
future similar evolutions.
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ACRONYMS
METT-T
Mission
Enemy
Terrain & Weather
Troops & Fire Support
Time Available
Space
Logistics
HAS
Higher
Adjacent
Support
KOCOA
Key Terrain
Observation & Fields of Fire
Cover & Concealment
Obstacles
Avenues of Approach
BAMCIS
Begin Planning
Arrange for Reconnaissance
Make Reconnaissance & Coordination
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise
SMEAC
SALUTE
Size
Activity
Location
Uniform/Unit
Time
Equipment
Situation
Mission
Execution
Administration & Logistics
Command & Signal
DRAW-D
Defend
Reinforce
Attack
Withdraw
Delay
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