Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 130 (2015) 434 – 445 WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ3UHVVXUH9HVVHO7HFKQRORJ\ :HOG(IILFLHQF\)DFWRUV5HYLVLWHG 5)ULWKD 06WRQHE a FE Consultants, Brisbane, Bowen Hills, Queensland,4006 Australia, b Sonomatic,Dornoch House, Warrington, Chesshire, WA3 7PB, UK $EVWUDFW ,QUHFRJQLWLRQWKDWSUHVVXUHHTXLSPHQWZHOGVWKDWKDYHQRWXQGHUJRQHDIXOOYROXPHWULFLQVSHFWLRQPD\FRQWDLQLQWHUQDOGHIHFWVD ZHOGHIILFLHQF\LVLQWURGXFHG)RUVSRWYROXPHWULFLQVSHFWLRQZKLFKLVW\SLFDOO\RIWKHZHOGOHQJWKWKHZHOGHIILFLHQF\LV WDNHQDV2ILQWHUHVWLVWKDWWKLVIDFWRULVXQLYHUVDOO\DGRSWHGLQDOONQRZQSUHVVXUHHTXLSPHQWFRGHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG,WV RULJLQVDUHREVFXUHDQGWRWKHDXWKRUV¶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© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license 7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU/WG (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHRUJDQL]LQJFRPPLWWHHRI,&397 Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICPVT-14 Keywords:ZHOGIDFWRUZHOGHIILFLHQF\ZHOGKLVWRU\SUREDELOLW\ ,QWURGXFWLRQ 7RXQGHUVWDQGWKHLQWURGXFWLRQDQGGHYHORSPHQWRIZHOGHIILFLHQFLHVLQSUHVVXUHHTXLSPHQWGHVLJQRQHPXVWDOVR XQGHUVWDQG WKH LQWURGXFWLRQ DQG DFFHSWDQFH RI DUF ZHOGLQJ DV DQ DOWHUQDWLYH DQG HYHQWXDO UHSODFHPHQW RI ULYHWHG &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO E-mail address:UIULWK#IHFRQVXOWFRP 1877-7058 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICPVT-14 doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.237 R. Frith and M. 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