JANUARY 2010
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY CENTER
In January 2010, there were 143 new HIV Ab sero
positive individuals confirmed by the STD/AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory (SACCL) and reported to the
HIV and AIDS Registry (Table 1). This was a 120%
increase compared to the same period last year (n=65
in 2009) [Figure 1]. Of the 143 individuals reported,
58 were detected from voluntary counseling and
testing (VCT) as part of ongoing community outreach
activities.
Table 1. Quick Facts
Demographic Data
Jan
2010
Cumulative Data:
1984—2010
Total Reported Cases
Asymptomatic Cases
AIDS Cases
Males
Females
143
141
2
125
18
47
4,567
3,733
834
3,357*
1,199*
0
0
52
318
Youth 15-24yo
Children <15yo
Reported Deaths due to AIDS
Most of the cases (87%) were males. The median age
was 28 years (age range: 16-61 years). The 20-24 year
(26%) and 25-29 year (24%) age-groups had the most
cases. Forty percent (57) of reported cases were from
the National Capital Region (NCR).
771
*Note: No data available on sex for eleven (11) cases.
Figure 1. Number of New HIV Cases per Month (2008-2010)
150
125
Numbe r of New Case s
Philippine HIV and AIDS Registry
Newly Diagnosed HIV Cases in the Philippines
AIDS Cases
Most (99%) of the cases were still asymptomatic at the
time of reporting (Figure 3).
100
75
50
25
0
Of the 143 HIV positive cases, two were reported as
AIDS. Both were single males who acquired the
infection through homosexual contact. There were no
reported deaths.
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
2008
40
52
38
47
35
32
53
41
57
59
36
38
2009
65
47
59
66
85
40
70
61
56
80
80
126
2010
143
Figure 2. Comparison of the Proportion of Types of Sexual
Transmission in 2010, 2009 & Cumulative Data (1984-2010)
Modes of Transmission
100%
Reported modes of transmission were sexual contact
(89) and sharing of needles among injecting drug users
(50). Four did not mention mode of transmission.
23
Heterosexual
23
75%
Bisexual
2237
Homosexual
23
There were 74 males and 15 females infected through
sexual transmission. Age ranged from 18-61 years
(median 29 years). Homosexual contact was the
predominant type of sexual transmission (Figure 2).
18
50%
632
25%
43
23
1214
0%
Forty-eight males and two females were injecting drug
users infected through sharing of needles.
Ages
ranged from 16-49 years (median 27 years).
Jan 2 0 10
Jan 2 0 0 9
C umulat ive
Figure 3. Number of HIV/AIDS Cases Reported in the Philippines by Year, Jan 1984 to Jan 2010 (N=4,567)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
'84
'85
'86
'87
'88
'89
'90
'91
'92
'93
'94
'95
'96
'97
'98
'99
'00
'01
'02
'03
'04
'05
'06
'07
'08
'09
'10
TOTAL
2
10
29
38
32
39
66
85
72
102
118
116
154
117
189
158
123
174
184
193
199
210
309
342
528
835
143
Asympt omat ic
0
6
18
25
21
29
48
68
51
64
61
65
104
94
144
80
83
118
140
140
162
171
273
314
508
806
141
AIDS
2
4
11
13
11
10
18
17
21
38
57
51
50
23
45
78
40
56
44
53
37
39
36
28
20
29
2
Deat h
2
4
10
12
9
8
15
13
13
11
19
24
27
10
16
17
9
20
11
10
5
16
18
8
9*
1
0
*Five initially asymptomatic cases reported in 2008 died due to AIDS in same year.
1
January 2010
Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry
Cumulative Number of HIV Ab Seropositive Cases (1984-2010)
From January 1984 to January 2010, there were 4,567 HIV Ab seropositive cases reported (Figure 1), of which 3,733
(82%) were asymptomatic and 834 (18%) were AIDS cases. The age groups with the most number of cases were:
25-29 years (22%), 30-34 years (20%), 35-39 years (17%) [Figure 4]. Seventy-one percent (2,643) were males. Sexual
contact (89%) was the leading mode of transmission (Table 2).
Figure 4. Comparison of the Distribution of Male and Female HIV Cases by Age-Group and Certain Highlighted Years
50 & o ld er
1 9 8 4 ‐2 0 0 5
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
4 5-4 9 yo
4 0 -4 4 yo
3 5-3 9 yo
3 0 -3 4 yo
2 5-2 9 yo
2 0 -2 4 yo
15-19 yo
800
600
<1 5 y o
15-19y o
Num be r of Fe m ale Case s
<15yo
Num be r of M ale Case s
400
20-24y o
25-29y o
30-34y o
200
35-39y o
40-44y o
0
45-49y o
0
50 & ol der
200
<1 5 y o
15-19y o
400
20-24y o
25-29y o
600
30-34y o
35-39y o
800
40-44y o
45-49y o
50 & ol der
2010
0
9
32
34
27
11
8
2
2
2010
0
1
5
1
6
1
2
2
0
2009
1
22
179
227
124
89
41
19
28
2009
1
4
13
19
21
20
14
6
5
2008
2
11
91
141
90
59
36
23
20
2008
0
0
8
14
8
10
9
3
3
2007
6
1
36
74
54
43
30
15
19
2007
3
0
4
16
12
14
6
5
3
2006
1984-2005
1
2
26
48
40
38
20
21
23
2006
20
12
95
252
320
283
229
149
134
1984-2005
3
3
13
13
22
16
8
4
8
15
30
174
196
168
124
76
26
33
Of the 834 AIDS cases reported, 71% (590) were males. Median age was 36 years (range 1-72 years). Thirty-eight
percent (314) had already died. Sexual intercourse was the most common mode of HIV transmission, accounting for
93% (774) of all AIDS cases. More than half (443) of sexual transmissions was through heterosexual contact, followed
by homosexual contact (259) then bisexual contact (72). Other modes of transmission include: mother-to-child transmission (17), blood transfusion (10), injecting drug use (4), and needle prick injuries (2). Three percent (27) of the
AIDS cases did not report mode of HIV transmission.
Mode of Transmission (1984-2009)
Of the 4,567 with HIV, 89% (4,083) were infected
through sexual contact, 1% (49) through mother-tochild transmission, and 1% (58) through needle
sharing among injecting drug users. Other modes of
transmission are listed in Table 2. No data is available
for 8% (355) of the cases. Cumulative data shows
55% (2,237) were infected through heterosexual
contact, 30% (1,214) through homosexual contact,
and 15% (632) through bisexual contact.
Table 2. Mode of HIV Transmission
Jan 2010
n= 143
Cumulative
N=4,567
89
4,083
Heterosexual contact
23 (26%)
2,237 (55%)
Homosexual contact
43 (48%)
1,214 (30%)
Bisexual contact
23 (26%)
632 (15%)
Blood/Blood Products
0
19
Injecting Drug Use
50
58
Needle Prick Injury
0
3
Mother-to-Child
0
49
Mode of Transmission
Sexual Contact
No Data Available
4
355
75
Number of
Cases (%)
50
25
0
<6yo
7‐14yo
15‐17yo
18‐24yo
25‐34yo
35‐49yo
Maternal to Child Transmission
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Injecting Drug Use ‐ Female
‐
‐
0
0
1
1
0
Injecting Drug Use ‐ Male
‐
‐
3
15
17
10
2
Heterosexual Contact ‐ Female
‐
‐
0
6
5
4
0
50&older
Heterosexual Contact ‐ Male
‐
‐
0
1
4
4
0
Bisexual Contact
‐
‐
0
5
15
3
0
Homosexual Contact
‐
‐
0
12
24
4
2
Figure 6. Proportion of Types of Sexual Transmission, Jan 1984—Jan 2010
100%
Perce ntage of Cases (%
Proportions of modes of transmission and types of
sexual transmission are shown in Figures 5 & 6.
Figure 5. Proportion of Modes of Transmission by Age-Group, Jan 2010
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
'84
'85
'86
'87
'88
'89
'90
'91
'92
'93
'94
'95
'96
'97
'98
'99
'00
'01
'02
'03
'04
'05
'06
'07
'08
'09
'10
Heterosexual
1
7
24
24
16
19
35
30
41
47
58
56
81
82
138
114
93
128
129
129
123
131
193
139
160
216
23
Bisexual
0
2
0
4
2
2
4
4
5
2
3
8
7
7
9
10
8
5
8
14
12
14
26
74
127
252
23
Homosexual
0
1
4
3
4
6
8
15
5
16
20
21
30
25
36
30
17
32
46
40
26
47
81
107
215
336
43
2
January 2010
Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry
Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW)
In January 2010, seven of the 143 (5%) reported cases were OFWs (Table 3). Five (71%) were males. The median age
was 37 years (age range: 28-41 years). All cases acquired the HIV infection through sexual contact (3 heterosexual,
2 homosexual, and 2 bisexual)[Table 3].
There were 1,355 HIV positive OFWs from 1984 to 2010, comprising 30% of all reported cases, and 5% of cases in 2010
(Figure 7). Seventy-five percent (905) were males. Ages ranged from 20 to 69 years (median 37 years). Twenty-four
percent (323) were in the 30-34 year age group. Sexual intercourse (95%) was the predominant mode of transmission
(Table 3). Eighty percent (1,090) were asymptomatic while 20% (265) were AIDS cases.
Of the 265 AIDS cases among OFWs, 81% (214) were males. Ages ranged from 20-69 years (median 40 years).
Reported mode of transmission was mostly (257 or 97%) sexual contact of all AIDS cases. Other modes of transmission
include: blood transfusion (4) and needle prick injury (2). Two did not report mode of transmission.
1,293
80
3 (43%)
2 (29%)
932 (72%)
227 (18%)
70
40
28
20
30
Injecting Drug Use
0
1
20
Needle Prick Injury
0
3
10
No Data Available
0
48
28 26
13 15
8
19
21 23 23
52
45
49
44 45 42
31
27
23
18
8
5
0
'1 0*
'0 8
'0 6
'0 4
'0 2
0
'0 0
10
50
'9 8
0
49
42
'9 6
134 (10%)
50
'9 4
2 (29%)
60
'9 2
Blood/Blood Products
7
90
'9 0
Bisexual contact
100
'8 8
Heterosexual contact
Homosexual contact
Cumulative
N=1,355
'8 6
Sexual Transmission
Figure 7. Percentage of OFWs of the Total Number of HIV Cases by Year (1984-2010)
Jan 2010
n=7
Pe rce ntage of OFWs (%)
Reported Mode of Transmission
'8 4
Table 3. Reported Mode of HIV Transmission Among OFWs
*Note: 2010 data consists of January only.
Program Related Information
Of the 143 HIV cases reported in January 2010, 42% of the cases received information on HIV prevention, services
available for HIV cases, implications of an HIV positive result from screening and confirmation. Their sources of information were one-on-one counseling, group counseling, pre-departure orientation seminar (PDOS), pamphlets, videos,
internet and seminars.
Blood Units Screened for HIV
From January to December 2009, 89 blood units were confirmed
to be positive by the RITM.
Figure 8. HIV Positive Blood Units by Month & Year (2008-2010)
20
Number of New Cases
NOTE: The following information is from the National Voluntary Blood Safety Program (NVBSP) which monitors blood safety
of donated blood and the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM). The number of blood units positive for HIV does
not correspond to the number of blood donors positive for HIV. One donor can donate more than one unit of blood. Figures
here do not represent the HIV prevalence rate among blood donors, but the number of blood units that were confirmed
positive for HIV.
For January 2010, 52 blood units referred for HIV confirmation,
nine units were positive for HIV, one unit had indeterminate
results, and 42 were negative for HIV (Figure 8).
National HIV/AIDS & STI
Strategic Information and
Surveillance Unit
15
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
2008
10
7
4
8
8
2
9
6
7
7
4
2
2009
5
5
10
10
7
5
7
7
9
12
3
9
2010
9
Philippine HIV & AIDS Registry
The Philippine HIV & AIDS Registry is the official record of the total number of laboratory-confirmed HIV positive
individuals, AIDS cases and deaths, and HIV positive blood units in the Philippines. All individuals in the registry are
confirmed by the STD/AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory (SACCL) at San Lazaro Hospital. While all blood units
are confirmed by the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM). Both are National Reference Laboratories
National Epidemiology Center,
Department of Health, Bldg. 9,
San Lazaro Compound,
Sta. Cruz, Manila 1003 Philippines
(NRL) of the Department of Health (DOH).
Mandatory HIV testing is unlawful in the Philippines (RA 8504). The process of reporting to the
SACCL (individuals) or RITM (blood units) for confirmation. Confirmed HIV
Tel: +632 743 8301 local 1900 to 1907
Fax: +632 743 6076 / 743 1937
Email: HIVepicenter@gmail.com
Website: http://www.doh.gov.ph
Registry is as
follows: All blood samples from accredited HIV testing facilities that are screened HIV reactive are sent to
positive individuals and blood units are
reported to the DOH-National Epidemiology Center (NEC), and are recorded in the Registry.
The Registry is a passive surveillance system. Except for HIV confirmation by the NRL, all other data submitted to
the Registry are secondary and cannot be verified.
dence.
An example would be an individual’s reported place of resi-
The Registry is unable to determine if this reported address is where the person got infected, or where the
person lived after being infected, or where the person is presently living, or whether the address is valid. This
limitation has major implications to data interpretation. Thus, readers are cautioned to carefully weigh the data and
consider other sources of information prior to arriving at conclusions.
3