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AC612
Profit Center Accounting in New
General Ledger Accounting
SAP ERP - Financials
Date
Training Center
Instructors
Education Website
Participant
Handbook
Course Version: 92
Course Duration: 2 Day(s)
Material Number: 50094736
An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work
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Copyright
Copyright © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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part the
of this
publication
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beSAP
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transmitted contained
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or for
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About This Handbook
This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this
course, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.
Typographic Conventions
American English is the standard used in this handbook. The following
typographic conventions are also used.
Type Style
Description
Example text
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include field names, screen titles, pushbuttons as well
as menu names, paths, and options.
Also used for cross-references to other documentation
both internal and external.
Example text
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graphics, and tables
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report names, program names, transaction codes, table
names, and individual key words of a programming
language, when surrounded by body text, for example
SELECT and INCLUDE.
Example text
Screen output. This includes file and directory names
and their paths, messages, names of variables and
parameters, and passages of the source text of a
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you enter in the system exactly as they appear in the
<Example text>
2009
documentation.
Variable user entry. Pointed brackets indicate that you
replace these words and characters with appropriate
entries.
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About This Handbook
AC612
Icons in Body Text
The following icons are used in this handbook.
Icon
Meaning
For more information, tips, or background
Note or further explanation of previous point
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Procedures
Indicates that the item is displayed in the instructor's
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iv
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Contents
Course Overview ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... .. vii
Course Goals ........ ........ ........ ....... ........ ........ ........ ....vii
Course Objectives .. .... .... .... .... .... .... ... .... ... .... .... .... .... viii
Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New) ........................... 1
New General Ledger Accounting - Basic Information..............2
Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers.... 9
Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger
Accounting ... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... 33
Profit Center Master Data............................................ 34
Profit Center Assignments........................................... 52
Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New
General Ledger Accounting ........................................... 69
Profit Center Update: Overview... ... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ... .. 70
Integration with Asset Accounting .................................. 76
Data Flow from Materials Management... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 86
Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 99
Transfer from Sales and Distribution .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 112
Allocations in Profit Center Accounting . ..........................122
Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger
Accounting . ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... 139
Planning Configuration and Manual Planning.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 140
Integrated Planning .... .... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ... 156
Unit 5: Information System ... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .. 175
Overview . ........ ........ ........ ........ ....... ........ ........ ...... 176
Reporting with Drilldown Reporting... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .196
Appendix 1: Special Cases for Profit Center Derivation
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Contents
vi
AC612
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Course Overview
Course AC612 teaches the knowledge and skills you need to set up Profit
Center Accounting in an SAP ERP Financials system with the new General
Ledger Accounting activated. In addition to the basics of new General Ledger
Accounting, the course gives you a detailed overview of the value flows in an SAP
system. The course concentrates on flexible drilldown reporting for the analysis of
planned and actual data.
Target Audience
This course is intended for the following audiences:
•
Project team members responsible for implementing Profit Center
Accounting
•
People responsible for Financial Accounting
Course Prerequisites
Required Knowledge
•
Basic knowledge or experience with Profit Center Accounting
•
AC200 (Financial Accounting Customizing I: General Ledger, Accounts
•
Payable, Accounts Receivable), or
AC210 (New General Ledger (in SAP ERP))
Recommended Knowledge
2009
•
Knowledge of Financial Accounting and Controlling
•
AC010 (Business Processes in Financial Accounting)
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Course Overview
AC612
Course Goals
This course will prepare you to:
•
Set up Profit Center Accounting in an SAP ERP Financials system where the
new General Ledger Accounting has been activated
•
Describe and maintain global Profit Center Accounting settings, including
master data
•
Understand the transaction data that is generated as a result of actual postings
in Profit Center Accounting
•
Understand the transaction data that is generated as a result of plan postings
in Profit Center Accounting
•
Use your own reports to analyze the transaction data in Profit Center
Accounting
Course Objectives
After completing this course, you will be able to:
viii
•
Name the benefits of using the new General Ledger Accounting for Profit
Center Accounting
•
Set up Profit Center Accounting in SAP ERP Financials with the new
General Ledger Accounting activated
•
Create your own profit center reports in the new General Ledger Accounting
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Unit 1
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Unit Overview
With SAP ERP Central Component, the SAP system offers an interesting
alternative in General Ledger Accounting:
The new General Ledger Accounting (new G/L)
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you will be able to:
•
Describe how the new general ledger works in conjunction with Profit
Center Accounting
•
Understand the settings for defining ledgers
•
Understand the settings for document splitting
•
Understand the settings for real-time CO ! FI integration
Unit Contents
Lesson: New General Ledger Accounting - Basic Information ..............2
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers ....9
Exercise 1: Global Settings in the New General Ledger ............... 25
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Lesson: New General Ledger Accounting - Basic
Information
Lesson Overview
With SAP ERP Central Component, SAP offers an interesting alternative in
General Ledger Accounting:
General Ledger Accounting (new) - or new G/L.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Describe how the new general ledger works in conjunction with Profit
Center Accounting
Business Example
Your company management is considering using Profit Center Accounting in new
General Ledger Accounting for an implementation of SAP ERP Financials.
They would like to know what advantages this has in terms of Profit Center
Accounting.
Advantages of New General Ledger Accounting
Figure 1: The New General Ledger Accounting (New G/L)
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AC612
Lesson: New General Ledger Accounting - Basic Information
Advantages of New General Ledger Accounting – Overview
The new general ledger in SAP ERP offers the following benefits over the
conventional General Ledger:
•
The new general ledger uses an extended data structure as standard. You
can also add customer fields to the totals table in the General Ledger, for
inclusion in financial statements.
•
By splitting documents in real time (=> online split), you can prepare
financial statements for entities such as segments and profit centers.
•
Reconciliation between CO and FI can be carried out in real time – real-time
integration between CO and FI – making time-consuming reconciliation
activities a thing of the past.
Figure 2: Options in New General Ledger Accounting
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Figure 3: General Ledger Accounting (New): One Component - Many
Functions
Prior to SAP ERP, SAP customers had to have a variety of components installed
and in use to optimally fulfill the international or industry-specific requirements
and standards. The situation may be even more critical in cases where service
enterprises (for example, in the areas public sector, insurance companies, media)
increasingly
require
financial
statements importance
that fulfill other
criteria, as
such
as grant,
fund, or industry
sectors.
The increasing
of IAS/IFRS
an accounting
principle is giving rise to increased demands for the improved quality and
capability of modeling segment reporting. A standardized solution is also relevant
to areas such as fast closing and Sarbanes-Oxley.
Overview of the totals tables in the conventional components:
4
•
Classic FI: Table GLT0
•
COS ledger: Table GLFUNCT
•
Reconciliation ledger: Table COFIT
•
EC-PCA / classic Profit Center Accounting: Table GLPCT
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AC612
Lesson: New General Ledger Accounting - Basic Information
Figure 4: Advantages of the New General Ledger – Overview
The new General Ledger Accounting and new general ledger are both abbreviated
as "new G/L". Basic architecture of the new G/L in SAP ERP: SAP Note 918675.
The user interfaces for entering data and postings are nearly identical to the UIs
in the previous release, despite all the new features.
Cost-of-Sales Accounting and Profit Centers
Figure 5: Assignment of Functional Areas in the P&L Statement
When you use the period accounting approach, the system breaks down the
operating results by revenue and cost element. This makes it possible to recognize
which factors of production cause the costs that are incurred. The total costs for the
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
period can then be compared to the total revenues earned during the same period.
These costs include the costs of all the goods and services that were produced
in the period but have not yet been sold (increases in stock) plus the goods and
services produced in previous periods and sold in this period (reductions in stock).
This sum, together with the capitalized internal activities and the changes to work
in process, yields the total result for the period.
The more sales-oriented cost-of-sales approach compares the costs to the
corresponding quantity structure of the revenues. Revenues are only compared
to the costs incurred for the quantity of goods or services sold. When products
are sold from stock, it may be that the costs were incurred during a previous
period. In this approach, no distinction is made between different cost elements.
Instead, resource usage is divided according to the functions R & D, production,
sales, and administration.
To calculate profits according to the cost-of-sales approach, you need to use the
derived functional area characteristic.
You can use period accounting and/or cost-of-sales accounting in Profit Center
Accounting. If you want to use cost-of-sales accounting, you have to activate the
COS accounting scenario and configure the corresponding settings.
Figure 6: Cost-of-Sales Accounting: Overview
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AC612
Lesson: New General Ledger Accounting - Basic Information
This slide shows the following example postings:
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•
Sales revenues from SD (1)
•
Cost of goods sold from MM goods issue (2)
•
Production variances from the settlement of the production order (3)
•
All debits and credits of all the production cost centers
(overabsorption/underabsorption) (3a)
•
All postings to cost centers affecting the functional areas Sales,
Administration and Research & Development (3b)
•
Adjustment postings resulting from real-time integration back to new G/L in
the case of secondary, cross-functional area postings (3c)
•
Postings to profitability segments (4)
•
Other expenses (5)
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Describe how the new general ledger works in conjunction with Profit
Center Accounting
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for
Profit Centers
Lesson Overview
This lesson shows the basic settings needed in the new general ledger to assign
profit center accounts. The settings apply not only to profit centers, but also to
all additional account assignments in Financial Accounting for which you want
to map complete financial statements.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Understand the settings for defining ledgers
•
Understand the settings for document splitting
•
Understand the settings for real-time CO ! FI integration
Business Example
Your company activated the new general ledger to capture the benefits of a
single, uniform data structure, document splitting, and real-time CO ! FI
integration. After migration from the conventional general ledger to General
Ledger Accounting (new), you want to map organizational divisions as profit
centers to report full financial statements and profitability analysis. You are a
member of the project team that has been asked to verify whether the necessary
settings have been made in the test system.
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Ledger Definition and Profit Centers
Figure 7: Activating the New General Ledger
The new general ledger is always active in new installations (SAP ERP). If
existing customers decide that they want to use the new general ledger, it must be
activated using a Customizing transaction (=> FAGL_ACTIVATION). In practice,
setting the activation switch (for existing customers) is one of the final activities of
a migration project. The activation switch is set for each client. The activation
causes system-wide changes that affect the application and Customizing paths.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Figure 8: Benefits in Detail - Extended Data Structure
More entities are updated in the totals table of the new general ledger (=>
FAGLFLEXT) than possible in the classic totals table (=> GLT0). The new
standard fields include profit center, segment, functional area, and cost center. You
can expand the totals table FAGLFLEXT with additional fields – in addition to the
SAP fields that are already present; these can be new, customer-specific fields.
Figure 9: Scenarios - Definition and Assignment
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
The fields updated using these scenarios can then be used to construct business
situations - for example, Profit Center Accounting with segment reporting and/or
cost-of-sales accounting. To see the available scenarios, choose the following
Customizing path: Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New)
Ledgers
Fields
Display Scenarios for General Ledger
Accounting. You cannot define customer-specific scenarios. The delivered
scenarios are assigned to the ledgers in Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global Settings (New) , Ledgers
Ledger
Assign
Scenarios and Customer Fields to Ledgers. You can assign one, several, or even
all six scenarios to a ledger. The decision as to how many scenarios you should
assign depends solely on the question: Which situations or business aspects do
you want to model in the general ledger?
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Figure 10: Entry and General Ledger View
The posting screens and document views look the same from the end user
perspective. However, the general ledger view provides the additional “internal
view” of the document.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Figure 11: Scenarios - Assignment and Functions (1)
The Purchased Services account (417000) is defined as a primary cost element
in CO, and therefore requires a CO-relevant account assignment at entry. The
profit center characteristic and functional area are then derived from the CO
object (such as cost center). You can now derive the segment characteristic from
the profit center characteristic.
If you do not assign any scenarios, none of the entities will be inherited to the
general ledger. Impact of a missing scenario assignment: If you now call up a
balance sheet (and profit & loss statement), the system displays the amount of
€50.00 on the Activities Purchased account. However, it is impossible to assign
the accounting transaction to a business area, a functional area, a profit center,
or any other entity. Therefore, it is also impossible to call up segment financial
statements if you have not assigned any scenarios to a ledger. Subsequent changes
of scenario assignments to a ledger in General Ledger Accounting can result in
serious inconsistencies in document processing. Deleting scenario assignments
can also result in inconsistencies. An appropriate warning message appears when
you try to make these changes in Customizing.
Excerpt from SAP Note 891144 - New GL/Document splitting: Risks
w/subsequent changes: “In contrast with the special ledger or the EC-PCA,
subsequent changes are not considered in the general ledger (new) since the
ledgers of the general ledger (new) are not comparable with a special ledger or
the EC-PCA. In fact, the general ledger (new) is a general ledger from a business
point of view and is therefore legally comparable with the classic General Ledger,
the GLT0 ledger 00. Thus, there is an auditing requirement. ...”
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Figure 12: Scenarios - Assignment and Functions (2)
Since the profit center update and segment reporting scenarios are assigned to the
leading ledger, 0L, these two entities are both updated in the general ledger and
displayed in the corresponding general ledger view. The Functional Area field, for
example, is not updated or displayed in the general ledger view, since this scenario
was not previously assigned to the leading ledger. However, scenario assignment
cannot manage a "zero balance setting" for any given entity.
In more detail, using a profit center (=> PC) as an example: It would not (yet) be
possible to create complete profit center financial statements, because the profit
center has not (yet) been enriched in posting lines 2 and 3. To do this, you also
have to configure and activate document splitting.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Figure 13: Using the Segment Entity
Segments can be used to fulfill the requirements of international accounting
regulations (=> IAS/IFRS / US-GAAP) after you use segment reporting.
Excerpt from IFRS8: Operating Segments
5. An operating segment is a component of an entity:
a) that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur
expenses (including revenues and expenses relating to transactions with other
components of the same entity);
b) whose operating results are reviewed regularly by the entity's chief operating
decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment
and assess its performance; and
c) for which discrete financial information is available.
Otherwise, you can also use the objects business area or profit center. The segment
is also available, since the business area and/or profit center were often used for
other purposes in the past, and, therefore, fulfill other requirements.
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Document Splitting and Profit Centers
Figure 14: Document Splitting – Reasons
The system requirements could be even simpler - it is not necessary for the
expense lines to contain different profit center assignments. The root of the
requirement is that, for example, the payable items line (of the general ledger
view) must have a "profit center account assignment" if proper profit center
financial statements are to be created at all.
Figure 15: Document Splitting Characteristics
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
To define the splitting characteristics, choose the following menu path in
Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
!
Business Transactions
Document Splitting
Define Document Splitting
Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting . The system uses the assigned
scenarios to propose useful document splitting characteristics. If you decide to
use more splitting characteristics, make sure that they are contained in at least one
ledger. Set the Zero Balance indicator, if you want to create a balance sheet for
the characteristic. This ensures that the balance of these entities is set to 0 in
each posting, which makes an "entity balance sheet" possible. The required field
indicator has two meanings: Firstly, it extends the field status for accounts whose
characteristics are not ready for input during document entry, or for accounts
that cannot be controlled using field status. Example: The vendor line should
always contain a profit center or segment. Secondly, it checks whether a business
transaction variant that is equivalent to a business-process is used (and thus,
a splitting rule can be found).
!
!
!
Figure 16: Activating Document Splitting
To activate document splitting, go to Customizing for the new general ledger:
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Business
Transactions
Document Splitting
Activate Document Splitting. The standard
splitting procedure delivered by SAP is splitting procedure 0000000012. If you
activate document splitting, there is no reason why you should not activate
inheritance as well. Activating the inheritance when document splitting is active
allows you to post documents without having to make any other changes in
!
!
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!
!
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Customizing. Inheritance is carried out online at the document line level. If you
want to use a default account assignment, you must first create a new constant in
Customizing:
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Business
Transactions
Document Splitting
Edit Constants for Nonassigned Processes
!
!
!
!
Figure 17: Document Splitting - Active Split
The entities that you defined as document splitting characteristics are inherited
by the posting lines without account assignment. As you can see clearly on the
slide, the selected characteristics balance to zero. In this rule-based split, the
vendor and tax lines (items 1 and 4) are split in the same way as the expense
lines/the expense basic item category (items 2 and 3; expense accounts 477000
and 417000) in the general ledger view.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Figure 18: Document Splitting - The Splitting Logic of an Active Split
Figure 19: Document Splitting – Zero Balance Formation
Briefly, a splitting process is the total of all the splitting rules of all business
transactions. The splitting process defines the way in which a document split
should be carried out. Specifically, this means that each splitting procedure
contains a definition that describes how the individual item categories are to be
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
treated in the individual business transactions; for example, whether or not the
system should copy the account assignment of a customer item from the revenue
item in a customer invoice. The business transaction is a general subgroup of
actual business processes, which is delivered by SAP and to which extensive item
categories are assigned. The business transaction variant is a specific version of
the business transaction provided by SAP, and is a (technical) representation of
a real business process for document splitting. An item category is a (technical)
representation of the posted document lines. It describes the items that can
be found within a document (a business transaction). They are derived from
the balance types of the G/L accounts, among others. In other words, the item
category is the semantic description used for document splitting. The individual
splitting rules define which item categories can/should be split (=> item categories
to be edited), and at the same time, determines the basis on which the split can
take place (=> base item categories).
Figure 20: Simulating the General Ledger View
In Release SAP ERP 6.0 and later, you can simulate the general ledger view as
well as the entry view before posting. This allows you to analyze, earlier and more
effectively, errors that would cause a termination during posting. You can display
the detail data of the document split using the expert mode.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Figure 21: Document Simulation – Expert Mode I
Figure 22: Document Simulation – Expert Mode II
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Real-Time CO-FI Integration and Profit Centers
Real-time integration is used to copy internal Controlling postings to Financial
Accounting and its account assignments, including Profit Center Accounting.
Figure 23: Real-Time CO-FI Integration
SAP has had real-time integration from financial accounting (=> FI) to
management accounting (=> CO) for a long time. The other way around,
from CO to FI was previously not possible in real time. This affects changes
to characteristics for the following processing/transactions such as: Periodic
clearings (assessment, distribution, reposting). Manual repostings in CO [=>
transaction KB11(N)]. Activity allocations [transaction KB21(N)]. Settling orders
or projects [transactions KO88 and CJ88]. The reconciliation ledger that was to
be maintained in the cost element invoice is always used to reconcile CO with
financial accounting. Summary standardizing entries and reconciliation postings
were made with periodic program runs for each cost element/expense account:
Transaction KALC. The transaction KALC is no longer usable after activating the
new general ledger by default – you will be notified of the real-time integration
between CO and FI.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Figure 24: Variants for Real-Time Integration
To define the variants for real-time CO !FI integration, choose the following
Customizing path:
Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)
Ledgers
Real-Time Integration of Controlling with Financial Accounting
Define Variants for Real-Time Integration
!
!
!
!
In a subsequent step, assign the variant to your company code(s). To determine the
characteristic changes for which real-time FI document lines need to be created,
you can also define Boolean rules in addition to the checkboxes, or implement
your own logic by programming a BAdI. It is impractical to select characteristics
that were not originally assigned to at least one ledger using the scenarios. The
key date activation date determines the time (or date of the CO document posting)
after which the reconciliation between CO and FI using the real-time integration
can be executed. You can also generate FI documents for CO documents that were
entered before activation of the new general ledger. You must define an account
determination to be able to transfer secondary cost elements from CO into FI. To
maintain account determination choose:
!
!
Financial
Financial
Accounting
Global Settings
(New)
Ledgers Accounting
Real-Time (New)
Integration
of Controlling
with Financial
Accounting
Define Account Determination for Real-Time Integration
You can also transfer primary costs into FI using an account determination, which
normally works with the original cost elements.
!
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Figure 25: Real-Time Integration: Example
This slide illustrates real-time CO!FI integration based on the profit center
characteristic. The functional area, segment, and business area characteristics are
not considered in the example for simplicity's sake. The Financial Accounting
document (=> 2b.) is posted in real time (for each CO document) - a (periodic)
reconciliation using the reconciliation ledger in transaction KALC is not involved.
The
above diagram
omits
the clearing
accounts
for each
profit
simplicity's
sake. These
clearing
accounts
are needed
if the
profitcenter
centerfor
represents
an independent accounting unit. You define them in account determination for
real-time integration.
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
Exercise 1: Global Settings in the New
General Ledger
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
You understand the settings in the new general ledger that are relevant for
Profit Center Accounting
Business Example
Your company wants to report full profit center financial statements at the product
level. You need to check whether the settings for the new general ledger in the
test system allow this.
Task:
You need to check the settings in the test system for ledger definition, document
splitting, and real-time integration.
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1.
Does the test system allow you to carry out Profit Center Accounting with
profit and loss statements based on cost-of-sales accounting?
Can you evaluate the segments?
2.
Can you report a zero balance at the profit center level?
3.
Can secondary cost postings from CO be transferred to the new general
ledger?
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Solution 1: Global Settings in the New
General Ledger
Task:
You need to check the settings in the test system for ledger definition, document
splitting, and real-time integration.
1.
Does the test system allow you to carry out Profit Center Accounting with
profit and loss statements based on cost-of-sales accounting?
Can you evaluate the segments?
a)
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
Financial
Accounting Global Settings (New)
Ledgers
Ledger
Assign
!
!
!
!
Scenarios and Customer Fields to Ledgers
The following scenarios are active in ledger 0L: profit center update,
segment reporting, and cost-of-sales accounting.
2.
Can you report a zero balance at the profit center level?
a)
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
General
Ledger Accounting (New)
Business Transactions
Document
Splitting
Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General
Ledger Accounting
!
!
!
!
The Profit Center and Segment characteristics are set to balance 0
as required characteristics. This ensures that both profit center and
segment are always assigned accounts.
b)
General
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
Ledger Accounting (New)
Business Transactions
Document
Splitting
Activate Document Splitting
!
!
!
!
Document splitting is active and the inheritance indicator is set. As a
result, the document splitting characteristics are inherited in every
document line.
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Global Settings in the New General Ledger for Profit Centers
3.
Can secondary cost postings from CO be transferred to the new general
ledger?
a)
Financial
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
Accounting Global Settings (New)
Ledgers
Real-Time Integration
of Controlling with Financial Accounting
Assign Variants for
Real-Time Integration to Company Codes
!
!
!
!
Company code 1000 was assigned variant EZI.
b)
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
Financial
Accounting Global Settings (New)
Ledgers
Real-Time Integration
of Controlling with Financial Accounting
Define Variants for
Real-Time Integration
!
!
!
!
Cross-profit center and cross-segment real-time integration is active
in variant EZI.
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Unit 1: General Ledger Accounting (New)
AC612
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Understand the settings for defining ledgers
28
•
Understand the settings for document splitting
•
Understand the settings for real-time CO ! FI integration
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AC612
Unit Summary
Unit Summary
You should now be able to:
2009
•
Describe how the new general ledger works in conjunction with Profit
Center Accounting
•
Understand the settings for defining ledgers
•
Understand the settings for document splitting
•
Understand the settings for real-time CO ! FI integration
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Unit Summary
30
AC612
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AC612
Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge
1.
Profit Center Accounting allows zero balance formation in general.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
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"
True
"
False
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Test Your Knowledge
AC612
Answers
1.
Profit Center Accounting allows zero balance formation in general.
Answer: False
In addition to activating the profit center update scenario, you also need
document splitting for the profit center characteristic with inheritance
indicator.
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Unit 2
Profit Center Master Data in New
General Ledger Accounting
Unit Overview
This unit how to define the master data of profit centers and assign them to
account assignment objects in an SAP ERP system.
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you will be able to:
•
Create the standard hierarchy
•
Maintain profit center master data
•
Assign profit center master data to the account assignment objects in SAP
ERP
Unit Contents
Lesson: Profit Center Master Data .... .. ... .. ... ... .. .. ... .. .. ... ... .. ... ... .. 34
Exercise 2: Master Data. ... .... ... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ... .. 47
Lesson: Profit Center Assignments.... .. ... ... .. ... .. ... ... .. ... .. ... .. ... ... . 52
Exercise 3: Profit Center Assignments ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 61
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Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
Lesson Overview
You define profit centers and other master data in Financials.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Create the standard hierarchy
•
Maintain profit center master data
Business Example
Your project team wants to find out about the master data definition of profit
centers in the new general ledger. You want to find out about the technical settings
to present them at a project meeting.
Profit Center Structure
•
Regional profit center structure (sales-oriented)
•
Functional profit center structure
•
Product-related profit center structure
•
Business unit profit center planning
Profit Center Accounting supports a division of the enterprise into areas of
responsibility for profits. You can divide your enterprise according to the
following aspects:
•
Geographical structure of profit centers (locations, regions, and so on)
•
Product-related structure of profit centers (divisions, product lines, and so
on)
•
Functional structure of profit centers (production, sales, research, and so
on)
Mixed forms of these structures are also possible. You can, for example, opt for a
regional structure based on business locations and then subdivide each location by
the products made there.
You create the profit center master data accordingly to define this organizational
structure. For evaluations at a higher level of aggregation, you can combine profit
center groups. The standard hierarchy is a special profit center group. In addition
to this, you can define alternative groups.
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
Figure 26: The Profit Center Standard Hierarchy
To create a profit center, you first have to define a hierarchical profit center
structure with the following menu paths:
Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Master Data
Profit Center
Define Profit Center Standard Hierarchy in
Controlling Area
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Application:
Accounting
Master Records
Profit Center Financial
Standard
Hierarchy General
Create Ledger
This structure is called the standard hierarchy. The standard hierarchy is a tree
structure that contains all the profit centers in a controlling area. When you create
a profit center, you have to assign it to a hierarchy area (hierarchy node) in the
standard hierarchy. This ensures that all profit centers in the controlling area
end at the same node.
!
!
The first step is to establish the name of the standard hierarchy for the profit
centers. The system creates the top node or group of the standard hierarchy
automatically when you save your settings. You can then maintain it to create the
lower level nodes required to complete your hierarchy.
You can maintain the standard hierarchy in Customizing or from the application
menu.
In addition to the standard hierarchy, you can also define profit center groups
(alternative hierarchies), which you can use in reporting, planning, and allocation.
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Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Figure 27: Profit Center Master Data
A profit center is defined at controlling area level. When creating a profit center,
you enter the name of the profit center and the period of validity. Profit center
master data is time-dependent, which means that you can create different data
for different periods. You can copy master data information from an existing
profit center.
You maintain the important master data - such as the profit center name and
description, the person in charge, and the department - on the basic screen.
The Hierarchy Area field defines the assignment to a node in the standard
hierarchy.
By selecting the lock indicator, you can lock the profit center against postings
for the specified time interval. If an account assignment object is assigned to a
locked profit center and you attempt to post to it, the system will display an error
message and does not post the data.
You can enter more information for the profit center on additional screens, such as
address and communication data and long text.
By default, a profit center is assigned to all the company codes within the
controlling area. You can exclude certain company codes for a profit center by
not selecting them. If you attempt to post data to profit centers in company codes
that are not assigned to the profit center in question, the system will not carry
out such postings.
To create profit centers, use the following menu paths:
In the application menu: Accounting
Financial Accounting
Master Records
Profit Center
Individual Processing
!
!
36
!
!
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!
General Ledger
Create
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
In Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting
(New)
Master Data
Profit Center
Define Profit Centers
!
!
!
!
Figure 28: Profit Center - The Dummy Profit Center
The dummy profit center is the primary default value for postings to an account
assignment object in an accounting area if no other profit center is assigned. You
can find out which objects are not assigned to profit centers by analyzing the
postings assigned to the dummy profit center. You can also assess or distribute
data from the dummy profit center to the desired profit centers.
In the new general ledger - in contrast to classic Profit Center Accounting - you do
not have to define or use a dummy profit center. Postings to account assignment
objects that do not have assigned profit centers are simply made without profit
centers - that is, the profit center field remains blank in the corresponding
document items. Postings without profit centers can be assessed or distributed to
the desired profit centers (similar to postings to a dummy profit center).
If you define a dummy profit center, make sure you do not use it as a default profit
center by mistake. Define separate profit centers for this case instead. If you use
document splitting, using the dummy profit center may have the following effect:
Payables can be allocated to the dummy profit center as a result of document
splitting if no profit centers are assigned to the account assignments of the
corresponding expense lines. You cannot repost the payables manually in this case.
If you activate document splitting for document centers, we do not recommend
using a dummy profit center. If you want to make sure that a profit center
account is assigned in all document lines, you can use set the profit center as a
required-entry field in Customizing for document splitting. Note, however, that
if you do so, and there are postings to account assignment objects that do not
have profit center assignments, a termination will occur with the error message
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Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
“Accounting field segment is not filled in document line”. If you still use classic
Profit Center Accounting in parallel to the new general ledger, you have to define
a dummy profit center.
A special Customizing transaction is available to create the dummy profit center.
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Master
Data
Profit Center
Create Dummy Profit Center
This procedure is almost the same as that for creating normal profit centers - the
only differences being:
!
!
!
!
•
You do not specify a validity period. The dummy profit center is
automatically valid for the maximum validity period.
•
You cannot copy the dummy profit center from an existing profit center.
•
A flag identifying the profit center as the dummy profit center is set
automatically (in the indicator folder).
You change and display the dummy profit center using the normal maintenance
transactions for profit centers.
Figure 29: Assigning Default Profit Center Accounts
Default profit centers are profit centers that do not reflect an organizational area
of responsibility, but instead are used to collect costs, revenues, and postings to
balance sheet accounts within a posting period. At the end of the period, you can
assess or distribute the posted data from the dummy profit center to the desired
profit centers. Clearing profit centers are often referred to as default profit centers.
In contrast to the dummy profit center, however, default profit centers can be
derived specifically based on other information.
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
The procedure for creating master data for default profit centers is like that for
creating master data for your true profit centers. Default profit centers have the
same structure as all other profit centers. In contrast to the dummy profit centers,
default profit centers can be derived specifically from other information, such as
the company code or account.
You can define default profit centers for each company code and account interval
under the following menu path in Customizing:
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Master
Data
Profit Center
Assign Default Profit Center to Accounts
The default profit center is derived under the following circumstances:
!
!
!
!
•
If no profit center is specified in the posting
•
If a profit center cannot be derived from the cost element, for example, using
the cost center, the order, or the like
This means derivation is only helpful for P&L and balance sheet account for
which the profit centers are not derived or specified. Derivation takes place when
the posting is made. You should only define default profit centers for accounts
for which document splitting is not active. Select an account interval and assign
the profit center to be derived. If you leave the Account to field blank, it is set to
the same value as the Account from field.
If you use document splitting in the new general ledger, there is a similar function,
the default account assignment (in Customizing under Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Business Transactions
Document
Splitting
Edit Constants for Nonassigned Processes).
You can assign a default account assignment (such as a profit center or segment)
here that is used whenever this object is missing in the item. If a default value
(constant) is used, the quality of the dataset is poorer. You have to distribute
these values at the end of the month, through either manual postings or allocation.
If you use a default value, you should at least carry out the test phase of an
implementation project without a default value, to ensure you detect potential
errors in document splitting.
!
!
!
!
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Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Figure 30: Collective Master Data Processing
Collective processing is particularly useful when you need to adapt existing data
to a change in circumstances, for example, if certain master data fields (such as the
department, person responsible) or company code assignments have to be changed.
You can call collective processing in the following areas:
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
!
Profit Center
Collective Processing
Master Data
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
Profit Center
Collective Processing
Company Code Assignment
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Figure 31: Accounts in Profit Center Accounting
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Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
Profit Center Accounting is based on the chart of accounts that is assigned to
Financial Accounting. These accounts include:
•
Stock accounts: The system uses these accounts to display the liability and
equity sides of the balance sheet. These accounts are not used in controlling.
For example, there are no material stocks for cost centers in the standard
system.
•
P&L accounts: The system uses these accounts to generate the profit and
loss statement. If you want to use these P&L accounts in controlling as well,
you create primary cost elements in controlling, for example, for material
consumption by cost objects or cost centers.
•
Secondary cost elements: These costs are generated through allocations
within controlling (allocation of machine hourly rates in production or
assessment
ofin
overhead
costs).
While
these costs
not offset
by external
consumption
the profit
and loss
statement
fromare
a business
perspective,
they can be transferred using real-time CO !FI integration to the new
general ledger and therefore to Profit Center Accounting.
Figure 32: Derivation of a Segment
The U.S. GAAP and IFRS accounting principles require segment reporting. You
can define segments in your SAP system for this purpose. The corresponding
IMG activity is located in Customizing under Enterprise Structure
Definition
Financial Accounting
Define Segment. You can enter a segment in the
master record of a profit center. The segment characteristic is only derived
together with the profit center characteristic. If no segment is entered manually
during posting (only possible in Financial Accounting transactions), the segment
is determined from the master record of the profit center. In turn, this profit center
can have a manual account assignment or can be derived itself. If you want to use
different rules to derive the segment during posting, you can define your own.
!
!
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These settings are located in Customizing under Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)
Tools
Customer Enhancements
!
!
!
Business Add-Ins (BAdIs)
Segment Derivation. The document splitting
procedure is a prerequisite, and is also useful for creating financial statements
and profit and loss statements for the segment dimension at any time. To enable
this, you have to allow zero balances for the segment characteristic. U.S. GAAP
requires nearly complete financial statements at segment level for reporting
(basically everything but equity capital). In this approach, the segment is defined
as an area of a company whose activities result in expenses and revenues. Its
operating result is reviewed regularly by company and group management to
assess its success and allocate resources, and is made available for the separate
financial information. The IFRS segmentation requirements are nearly identical.
The segment dimension is provided to map the segment level.
!
!
You can use an ERP system to create a segment in the master data of a profit
center. When you make a posting on the profit center, the segment is also posted.
There is no dummy segment posting, unlike the profit center logic - if the profit
center has no segments, then no segment assignment takes place. Deriving the
segment from the profit center is the standard method. You can also use a BAdI
called FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT to derive the segment.
Figure 33: Derivation of a Segment (2)
The segment is derived from the profit center characteristic because this
characteristic already exists in various SAP objects, which means the segment
characteristic can be derived from it automatically.
For more information, see SAP Note 1035140: Officially, SAP only authorizes
the use of segments if profit centers are used at the same time. The automatic
derivation of segments is only possible with profit centers. Many business
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Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
transactions, particularly in logistics, do not have an option for entering the
segment manually. Moreover, several standard interfaces do not support the
segment. For these reasons, the use of segments is only approved if you also use
profit centers. If it is not possible to derive the segment characteristic from a
profit center master record, you have to find a different way of assigning the
segment accounts. Options include manual entry, BAdI implementation (=>
BAdI: FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT), defining substitution rules, and a standard
account assignment (which usually involves document splitting). In addition
to BAdI FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT, BAdI FAGL_DERIVE_PSEGMENT is
available for deriving the partner segment.
Figure 34: Statistical Key Figures
Statistical key figures are values or quantities (for example, number of phone
calls, sq. m. area, number of employees) that give further details on the setup,
the consumption or performance output of cost centers, internal orders, processes
or profit centers.
You can post statistical key figures both in the plan and in the actual.
You can use statistical key figures both as an allocation base for periodic
distributions or assessments and to create key figures (ratios such as personnel
costs per employee).
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You can define statistical key figures as either fixed values or totals (transaction
code KK01), which means they are also available in the new general ledger.
•
The fixed value is carried over from the period in which it is posted to all
subsequent periods of the same fiscal year. You only have to enter a new
posting when the value changes. Fixed values are defined when key figures
remain constant over a significant period of time (such as the number of
employees in a cost center).
•
The totals value is not transferred to the following period but must be entered
for each individual period and is preferable for statistical key figures whose
values fluctuate in individual periods (such as power consumption in kWh).
Statistical key figures can be transferred from the Logistics Information System by
linking a key figure from LIS (such as order receipts) to a statistical key figure
(such as in Cost Center Accounting).
Figure 35: Master Data Groups
Profit center groups are alternative hierarchies to the standard hierarchy. You can
use them in reporting, distribution and assessment, or various planning functions.
In contrast to the standard hierarchy, these profit center groups do not have to
contain all the profit centers in the controlling area. On the contrary, profit center
groups let you select only certain profit centers and structure them hierarchically
to allow you more flexibility.
You can use the financial statement/profit and loss statement structure in the info
system to display the report structures from Financial Accounting in profit center
reports.
You can create profit center groups in the following areas in the system:
In the application menu: Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
Profit Center
Profit Center Group
Create
In Customizing: Financial Accounting (New), General Ledger Accounting (New),
Master Data, Profit Center, Define Profit Center Groups
!
!
44
!
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Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
The transactions used for maintaining the cost element groups (such as KAH1)
used in controlling are located under the following Customizing menu path:
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Data
G/L Accounts
Create Cost Element Groups
!
!
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!
Master
!
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Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
Exercise 2: Master Data
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Create profit center master data
•
Explain the difference between a dummy profit center and a default profit
center
Business Example
Your company wants to set up product-oriented profit center accounting, to
allocate revenue responsibility to the respective company units.
To do so, they set up one profit center for production and one for the product
division area. The first test is to be performed with a new division for
high-capacity pumps.
Task 1:
Create the following profit center master data in the standard hierarchy, H1.
Navigate to the following node: H1
HE
H9500
AC612.
!
1.
!
!
Create the following profit center master data:
Profit
Center
Analysis
Period
Name
Long text
Person
Respons.
Segment
611##
01/01/cur.
FY to
12/31/9999
Pumps
Pump
division
Andy
Admin
MANF
612##
01/01/cur.
FY to
12/31/9999
Pump
Production
Pump
Production Division
Paul
Pump
MANF
Continued on next page
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2.
Which activation status do these profit centers currently have and what are
the consequences?
3.
Activate the profit centers you created.
4.
On the Company Codes tab, check whether your profit centers are assigned
to company code 1000.
5.
Why does the test system have a dummy profit center?
Task 2:
You also need profit center groups for the information system.
1.
Create the profit center group GROUP## with the description Group ##
Profit Center outside the standard hierarchy. Assign the following profit
centers:
Profit Center Group
Assigned Profit Centers
GROUP## Group ## Profit Centers
611## Pump Division
612## Pump Production
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Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
Solution 2: Master Data
Task 1:
Create the following profit center master data in the standard hierarchy, H1.
Navigate to the following node: H1
HE
H9500
AC612.
!
1.
!
!
Create the following profit center master data:
Profit
Center
Analysis
Period
Name
Long text
Person
Respons.
Segment
611##
01/01/cur.
FY to
12/31/9999
Pumps
Pump
division
Andy
Admin
MANF
612##
01/01/cur.
FY to
12/31/9999
Pump
Production
Pump
Production Division
Paul
Pump
MANF
a)
Financial
On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose: Accounting
Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
Profit Center
Standard Hierarchy
Change
!
!
!
!
!
!
Navigate to the following node in the standard hierarchy:
H1
HE
H9500
AC612
!
!
!
Double-click node AC612 and then choose
Edit
Create Profit Center
!
Enter the data for the new profit center in the profit center table.
2.
Which activation status do these profit centers currently have and what are
the consequences?
Answer: The profit centers are inactive. They can neither be assigned to
account assignment objects nor be posted to.
3.
Activate the profit centers you created.
Activate. The Standard Hierarchy for Profit
Answer: Choose Edit
Centers: Change screen appears. Set the flag next to profit centers 611##
and 612## and activate them. Then save the changes you made to the
standard hierarchy.
!
Continued on next page
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4.
AC612
On the Company Codes tab, check whether your profit centers are assigned
to company code 1000.
Answer: Choose the Company Codes tab. Make sure that the indicator is set
for company code 1000 in the Assigned column.
5.
Why does the test system have a dummy profit center?
a)
The classic Profit Center Accounting (EC-PCA) is still active for
testing purposes in the test system. All nonassigned postings in the
profit and loss statement are posted to this profit center in EC-PCA. In
the new general ledger, the profit center is inherited as a result of the
document split for nonassigned document lines.
Task 2:
You also need profit center groups for the information system.
1.
Create the profit center group GROUP## with the description Group ##
Profit Center outside the standard hierarchy. Assign the following profit
centers:
Profit Center Group
Assigned Profit Centers
GROUP## Group ## Profit Centers
611## Pump Division
612## Pump Production
a)
On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose: Accounting
Financial
Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
Profit Center
Profit Center Group
Create
!
!
!
!
!
!
Name the profit center group GROUP##. Enter Group ## Profit
Centers as the name.
Click the top node, GROUP##.
Choose Edit
Profit Center
Insert Profit Center. On the input
screen that appears, enter profit centers 611## and 612## on separate
lines.
!
!
Then save the profit center group GROUP##.
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Lesson: Profit Center Master Data
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Create the standard hierarchy
•
2009
Maintain profit center master data
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Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
Lesson Overview
You assign profit centers to the account assignment objects in the SAP system to
ensure that all the data is transferred.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Assign profit center master data to the account assignment objects in SAP
ERP
Business Example
Your project team wants to understand how the profit center account assignments
are derived for various account assignment objects in SAP ERP. You need to find
out this information to prepare the project meeting.
Figure 36: Profit Center Assignments
You assign profit centers to all account assignment objects to which costs and
revenues have been posted. These assignments also determine the transfer of
balance sheet items to the individual profit centers.
As a result of the assignment logic, the profit center is normally not posted to
explicitly. Instead, data is derived from primary account assignment objects (cost
centers, internal orders).
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Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
Generally, postings of costs and revenues to Profit Center Accounting are based
on the assignment of sales orders/production orders and cost objects. Overhead
costs are based on the assignment of the account assignment objects in Overhead
Management (cost centers, internal orders, and so on) to profit centers.
To maintain profit center assignments, use the following menu paths:
•
On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose: Accounting
Financial
Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
Profit Center
Current Settings
!
!
•
!
!
!
In Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting
(New)
Master Data
Profit Center
Assignments of Account
Assignment Objects to Profit Centers
!
!
!
!
Figure 37: Assignment of Controlling Objects
You assign Overhead Cost Controlling objects (cost centers, internal orders,
projects, business processes) to profit centers to observe the value flow between
Financial Accounting and Overhead Cost Controlling from a profit center point
of view.
When you assign a controlling object to a profit center, the system makes sure that
the controlling area is the same for the object and the profit center. Cost centers
and business processes are assigned to a profit center in the Master Record Basic
Data screen.
The validity period of the profit center must completely contain the dates of the
cost center or business process.
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Additionally, the assignment of a cost center or internal order to a profit center
also implicitly assigns all assets assigned to this cost center or internal order to
the profit center as well.
You link internal orders to a profit center in the Order Master Data Assignments
screen. Maintenance orders from the Plant Maintenance component are assigned
to a profit center in the same way as internal orders.
Cost objects are used in Product Cost Accounting to collect and store costs that
cannot be assigned to objects at a lower level (orders, projects, or cost centers).
However, in certain circumstances, you may need to assign a cost object to a profit
center. The assignment logic used here is the same as that used for assigning
cost centers.
Unlike other assignment objects, profitability segments do not have master
records. A profitability segment is a combination of characteristics, such as a
customer, product, plant, distribution channel, and so on. The profit center is
always one of the characteristics.
Figure 38: Assigning Projects
Projects are generally used to carry out complex, long-term tasks. This makes it
possible for several profit centers to be involved in a single project, for example,
constructing a ship. One profit center might be responsible for producing the
engine, while another would be responsible for the internal fittings. Profit centers
are therefore assigned to the various data-bearing structures in the project rather
than to the project definition itself. These structures are:
54
•
Work breakdown structure element (WBS element)
•
Network header
•
Network operation
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Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
In the project definition or the project profile, you can enter a profit center that
is to be used as the default for the individual WBS elements. You can overwrite
this value in the individual structures. If a WBS element is not assigned to a profit
center, the system posts to the dummy profit center.
If a network header is not assigned to a profit center, the profit center is derived
from the corresponding WBS element.
If a network activity is not assigned to a profit center, the profit center is derived
from the corresponding WBS element, provided that the activity is linked to a
WBS element. Otherwise the profit center is taken from the network header.
The assignment of these structures to a profit center makes it possible for you
transfer work in process from projects to Profit Center Accounting, as well as
seeing all costs and revenues in the derived profit centers.
Figure 39: Assigning Materials
The assignment of the material masters to profit centers is the basis for the
assignment of sales and production orders. Furthermore, it forms the foundation
for internal goods movement transactions and for the transfer of material stocks
to Profit Center Accounting.
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Materials are always assigned to a profit center at plant level. The example
illustrates some of the options this approach provides:
•
A profit center that represents a material in all plants (Profit Center I)
•
A profit center that represents a plant, including all materials for the plant
(Profit Center II)
•
A profit center that represents a specific material for a specific plant (Profit
Center III)
The plant is assigned to a company code, which is in turn assigned to a controlling
area. This controlling area must be the same as the controlling area to which the
profit center belongs.
You can assign materials directly in the material master or use the fast assignment
function.
Material maintenance is divided into several views. If you have selected the
Sales: General/Plant Data view, you enter the profit center in the General plant
parameters in this view. If this view is not relevant for this material (for example,
with raw materials), you maintain the profit center in the Storage 2 view, also in
the General plant parameters. However, the same profit center is always shown
in the different views.
Figure 40: Assigning Production and Sales Orders
A production order contains an assignment to a profit center in the order master
record. For PP production orders or process orders, you can find the Profit Center
field under Header Assignment. For CO production orders, it is located on the
initial screen.
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Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
When you create a production order, the default profit center is taken from the
master record (general plant parameters) of the material being produced. For
process orders, the system proposes the profit center for the main product in the
order. Consequently, you do not normally have to enter the profit center manually.
All the primary and secondary costs posted to the production order are passed on
to the assigned profit center, along with the credit posted when the production
order is delivered or settled. This assignment is also used for transferring work in
process to Profit Center Accounting.
Production orders are carried out in a plant. Each plant is assigned to a company
code, which in turn belongs to a controlling area. This controlling area and the
controlling area of the profit center must be the same.
Every order item in a sales order is assigned to a profit center. To find the profit
center field, choose menu path Edit
Item
Account Assignment. The profit
center for the material to be sold is proposed by default. Therefore, you do not
normally have to enter the profit center manually.
!
!
Figure 41: Assignment By Means of Substitution
In the sales order, the profit center from the material master for the item to be sold
is proposed by default. This default proposal allows a product-oriented division
by profit centers (via the material) and a location-oriented division (via the plant),
or a combination of both.
If you wish to structure your company from a sales-oriented rather than a
production-oriented view, you can also determine a profit center from the available
fields in the sales order header or item with the help of substitution rules.
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The following is a partial list of the fields from the sales order and related
information that can be used to derive the profit center assignment:
•
Business area
•
Customer
•
Customer group
•
Customer groups 1-5
•
Distribution channel
•
Category
•
Material
•
Material group
•
Material groups 1-5
•
•
Material price group
Order reason
•
Plant
•
Product hierarchy
•
Sales district
•
Sales group
•
Sales office
•
Sales organization
•
Storage location
If the system finds a valid substitution for a sales order, it uses this instead of the
default found using the assignment on the material master record.
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Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
Figure 42: Assignment Monitor
The assignment monitor provides you with an overview of all the assignments
you have made to profit centers and supports you when you make or change
assignments. For example, you can call up a list of all cost centers that have not
been assigned to a profit center or profit center group, or a list of cost centers that
are assigned to a particular profit center or profit center group. From here, you can
jump directly to the transaction for changing the object.
The fast entry screen in the Material menu enables you to assign a large number of
material numbers to a profit center quickly.
The Orders menu lets you analyze the following types of order: internal orders
(CO), imputed cost orders (CO), CO production orders, PP production orders,
process orders, network headers, and maintenance orders.
The Cost Objects menu contains the general cost objects as well as the cost objects
for process manufacturing.
Incorrect
assignments
lead to incorrect
transaction
data in
Profit
Center
Accounting,
which is normally
quite difficult
to correct.
You
should
therefore
check your assignments very carefully.
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You can change assignments at the following places in the system:
•
On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose: Accounting
Financial
Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records
Profit Center
Current Settings
Assignment Overview
!
!
!
!
!
!
•
In Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting
(New)
Master Data
Profit Center
Assignments of Account
Assignment Objects to Profit Centers
Check Assignments
!
!
!
!
!
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Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
Exercise 3: Profit Center Assignments
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Use the assignment monitor to analyze profit center assignments
•
Distinguish between and use the different assignment options
Business Example
You plan to use the pump division as a test case for product-oriented profit center
accounting.
Task 1:
You assign the finished products, semifinished products, and raw materials of the
pumps to the profit centers. You want to include both asset accounting and cost
center accounting in your calculations.
1.
Create the following cost center in cost center accounting from January
1st of the current fiscal year:
Cost Center
T611##
Name
Pump Division
Description
Pump Division Cost
Center
Responsible
Andy Admin
Cost Center Category
4
Hierarchy Area
H-AC612
Company Code
1000
Business Area
1000
Profit Center
611##
Continued on next page
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Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger Accounting
2.
AC612
Which profit center would currently be determined by the system if a posting
was made to cost center T611##?
Task 2:
The company uses an asset to assemble the pumps in the production process. You
want the value of this asset to be visible in cost center accounting.
1.
Create the asset for pump assembly in asset accounting.
Asset Class
Company Code
1200
1000
On the General tab, enter the description Pump Assembly Group ##.
Then go to the Time-dependent tab and enter the following data.
Business Area
Cost Center
1000
T611##
Write down the order number: _______________________________
2.
Which profit center would currently be determined if a posting was made
to the asset?
Task 3:
You want to use pump R-F1## as a test case in profit center accounting. Production
profit center 612## is to be used in the master record of this material.
1.
62
Change the profit center assignment for R-F1## and the BOM materials
specified in the table. The profit center for the test case is only valid in
plant 1000.
Material
Profit Center
R-F1##
612##
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
Solution 3: Profit Center Assignments
Task 1:
You assign the finished products, semifinished products, and raw materials of the
pumps to the profit centers. You want to include both asset accounting and cost
center accounting in your calculations.
1.
Create the following cost center in cost center accounting from January
1st of the current fiscal year:
Cost Center
T611##
Name
Pump Division
Description
Pump Division Cost
Center
Responsible
Andy Admin
Cost Center Category
4
Hierarchy Area
H-AC612
Company Code
1000
Business Area
1000
Profit Center
611##
a)
Accounting
Controlling
Cost Center Accounting
Cost Center
Individual Processing
Create
!
!
2.
!
!
!
Master Data
!
Which profit center would currently be determined by the system if a posting
was made to cost center T611##?
Answer: When you post to this cost center, the system determines profit
center 611##.
Task 2:
The company uses an asset to assemble the pumps in the production process. You
want the value of this asset to be visible in cost center accounting.
1.
Create the asset for pump assembly in asset accounting.
Asset Class
Company Code
1200
1000
On the General tab, enter the description Pump Assembly Group ##.
Then go to the Time-dependent tab and enter the following data.
Continued on next page
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Unit 2: Profit Center Master Data in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Business Area
Cost Center
1000
T611##
Write down the order number: _______________________________
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
Create
Asset
!
!
Fixed Assets
!
Asset
!
!
Choose the Master Data pushbutton.
Save the asset.
2.
Which profit center would currently be determined if a posting was made
to the asset?
Answer: Cost center T611## is assigned to the asset in the asset master
record. Profit center 611## is entered in the master record for this cost center.
The system determines this profit center.
Task 3:
You want to use pump R-F1## as a test case in profit center accounting. Production
profit center 612## is to be used in the master record of this material.
1.
Change the profit center assignment for R-F1## and the BOM materials
specified in the table. The profit center for the test case is only valid in
plant 1000.
Material
Profit Center
R-F1##
612##
a)
Logistics
Materials Management
Material Master
Material
Change
Immediately or Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Master Records Profit Center
Current
Settings. Then choose either Assignment Overview, Assignment:
Materials/Fast Assignment, or Assignment: Materials/Master. Change
the profit center assignment in plant 1000 to profit center 612##. Use
the general plant data / storage 2 or costing 1 view.
!
!
!
64
!
!
!
!
!
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Assignments
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Assign profit center master data to the account assignment objects in SAP
ERP
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Unit Summary
AC612
Unit Summary
You should now be able to:
66
•
Create the standard hierarchy
•
Maintain profit center master data
•
Assign profit center master data to the account assignment objects in SAP
ERP
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AC612
Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge
1.
What options does Profit Center Accounting in the SAP system offer for
structuring profit centers?
2.
If a profit center is assigned to an account assignment object, it is also
assigned the same postings.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
3.
"
True
"
False
How can you assign a profit center to a sales order item?
Choose the correct answer(s).
"
"
"
"
2009
A
B
C
D
The profit center for the material is set automatically.
The profit center can be entered manually.
The profit center can be set with a substitution.
The profit center is taken from the customer master record.
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Test Your Knowledge
AC612
Answers
1.
What options does Profit Center Accounting in the SAP system offer for
structuring profit centers?
Answer: You can use master data assignments to distinguish between
geographical, functional, and product-related profit center divisions.
2.
If a profit center is assigned to an account assignment object, it is also
assigned the same postings.
Answer: False
Profit centers are only posted to statistically.
3.
How can you assign a profit center to a sales order item?
Answer: A, B, C
You cannot enter a profit center in customer master records.
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Unit 3
Actual Postings for Profit Center
Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
Unit Overview
This unit describes the actual value flows in the SAP system, focusing on profit
center integration. Profit centers are determined and posted to in Logistics and
Financial Accounting.
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you will be able to:
•
Describe the basic concept of the profit center update.
•
Transfer and analyze asset movements to profit center accounting
•
Understand and customize the process for transferring data from Materials
Management
•
Understand the secondary cost postings to the assigned profit centers
•
Understand the profit center postings within the sales from stock process.
•
Define a profit center allocation
Unit Contents
Lesson: Profit Center Update: Overview ..................................... 70
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 76
Exercise 4: Integration with Financial Accounting.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 79
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management ............................ 86
Exercise 5: Data Flow from Materials Management .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 89
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 99
Exercise 6: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .103
Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 112
Exercise 7: Transfer from Sales and Distribution . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 115
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting............................122
Exercise 8: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting.................... 129
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Update: Overview
Lesson Overview
This lesson provides a basic overview of the profit center update in the new
general ledger.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Describe the basic concept of the profit center update.
Business
Example
You want to find out the basics of the profit center update, to prepare yourself for
analyzing and setting up the integrative processes in the next step.
Figure 43: Profitability by Area of Responsibility
You select the profit center update scenario if you want to model profit center
accounting within the framework of the new general ledger. A profit center is a
management-oriented organizational unit for which you can calculate separate
profits for the period. Dividing a company into profit centers enables you to
delegate entrepreneurial responsibility to these decentralized organizational units,
as well as steer and control them. You could say that a profit center is a company
within a company. The profit center differs from a cost center in that cost centers
merely represent the units in which capacity costs arise, whereas the person in
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Update: Overview
charge of the profit center is responsible for its balance of costs and revenues.
Profit center accounting lets you calculate the internal operating result for a profit
center according to period accounting and/or cost of sales accounting. You can
also create financial statement and report financial indicators (such as return on
investment, cash flow, sales per employee) for profit centers; in this case, you
enhance the profit center to become an investment center.
Using profit accounting in the new general ledger has the following benefits:
•
You can use document splitting. Document splitting lets you identify
payables and receivables according to their origin at profit center level and if desired - create financial statements at the profit center level.
•
No reconciliation is needed between the general ledger and profit center
accounting.
Data from feeder applications (such as logistics) usually already contains the
assignment of the object (such as a material or sales order) to a profit center or
partner profit center. In some business transactions, the profit center or partner
profit center is determined through document splitting for selected document
items (such as receivables or payables).
If you want to identify receivables and payables according to origin at profit center
level, you have to use document splitting. If you want to use the segment reporting
scenario with the segment characteristic, you also have to activate the profit center
update scenario. You can use period accounting and/or cost of sales accounting in
Profit Center Accounting. If you want to use cost of sales accounting, you have to
activate the COS accounting scenario and configure the corresponding settings.
This also makes it possible for you to analyze a number of financial indicators
for profit centers, including return on investment, working capital and cash flow.
This means profit center accounting can be used by companies in any industry
sector (mechanical engineering, chemicals, service industries, and so on) and with
any form of production (repetitive manufacturing, maketoorder manufacturing, or
process manufacturing).
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Figure 44: Organizational Units and Master Data
The assignments of all profitrelevant objects to profit centers play an important
role. They determine how your business is divided up into areas of responsibility.
You make these assignments in the master data of the original objects (materials,
cost centers, orders, projects, sales orders, assets, cost objects, profitability
segments). Every profit center is assigned to the controlling area organizational
unit. All profit centers of a controlling area are assigned to a profit center standard
hierarchy that reflects the organizational structure in profit center accounting
at your company. When you make manual G/L account postings in the general
ledger, you can specify the profit center or partner profit center. For primary
cost elements, the profit center or partner profit center is derived automatically
from the cost-relevant account assignment. You cannot enter the profit center
manually for receivables, payables, or automatically generated line items. If you
use document splitting, the system can supply these items with a profit center.
If an allocation in Controlling results in a change of characteristics that are relevant
for the general ledger (such as profit center or functional area), this leads to a shift
between the affected items in the P&L statement. Therefore, the system has to
forward this information to Financial Accounting. Real-time integration enables
the immediate transfer of all Controlling documents to Financial Accounting,
together with the detail information required for the general ledger. As a result,
Financial Accounting and Controlling are always reconciled.
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Update: Overview
Figure 45: Traditional or New General Ledger Accounting?
You want to integrate profit center accounting with the general ledger, not the
classic, Controlling-based Profit Center Accounting module in parallel to General
Ledger Accounting. Therefore, you activated the profit center update scenario
(FIN_PCA) in Customizing under:
Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)
!
!
!
!
Ledgers
Ledger
Scenarios
Customer
Fields to Ledgers.
It does not make
sense Assign
to activate
classicand
Profit
Center Accounting
in parallel to
the profit center update scenario, particularly since this would increase the data
volume unnecessarily. If you already used classic Profit Center Accounting and
now want to use profit center accounting in the new general ledger, you can use the
two in parallel for a transition period. We do not recommend this in the long term,
however, due to the increased volume and additional reconciliation effort required.
(For more information, see SAP Note 826357 and the restrictions it describes.)
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
If you already use the classic Profit Center Accounting live and plan to migrate
from classic to the new general ledger, you should carefully investigate ahead
of time whether it makes more sense to continue using the classic Profit Center
Accounting or use the new, integrated profit center accounting instead. The
following questions should help you make your decision:
•
Is your profit center accounting closer to FI or CO? Consider this: Which
department at your company is currently responsible for profit center
accounting - Controlling or Financial Accounting? If your Financial
Accounting department is already responsible for profit center accounting,
then integrating profit center accounting with the new general ledger will
probably be very advantageous.
•
What are your company's report requirements for profit centers? Do you
report mainly on costs and revenues in profit and loss statements, or do you
also report on balance sheet accounts - perhaps even using selected key
figures for each profit center? If you also report key figures at the profit
center level, you should check whether the document splitting functions in
the new general ledger would be beneficial - for example, improving the
quality of your data by enabling splitting to profit centers based on origin.
When you report on receivables and payables, another advantage of the new
general ledger with document splitting is that splitting to profit centers is
available immediately, eliminating the need for period-end transfers. In turn,
this simplifies the period-end closing.
•
Do you need segment reporting in future? If so, do you want to use the
new segment entity for this?
•
In which form do you use secondary cost elements in Controlling? Does
your company need flexible reporting of secondary cost elements for profit
centers or profit center groups?
•
Do you run regular reconciliations between classic Profit Center Accounting
and the new general ledger? If so, how much effort is required? Integration
of profit center accounting with the new general ledger eliminates the need
for reconciliation.
For more information, see SAP Note 826357.
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AC612
Lesson: Profit Center Update: Overview
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Describe the basic concept of the profit center update.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting
Lesson Overview
You learn how asset movements are modeled in profit center accounting
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Transfer and analyze asset movements to profit center accounting
Business Example
You want to model asset balances and their changes in the profit center financial
statements, as well as depreciation in the profit center P&L statement.
Figure 46: Asset Accounting and Profit Centers
Business integration: Your objective is to model the profit center financial
statements, including asset movements. Area 01: Posts balances to the general
ledger in real time. Area 20: Posts only the depreciation. The segment and profit
center cannot be defined directly in the asset master record. The system normally
derives these two objects from a cost center or an order – information that is saved
in the asset master data. The account assignment types are defined in Customizing
for Asset Accounting: Financial Accounting (New)
Asset Accounting
Integration with the General Ledger
Additional Account Assignment Objects
Specify Account Assignment Types for Account Assignment Objects. You can only
maintain the account assignment types for activated account assignment objects.
!
!
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AC612
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting
Figure 47: Asset Movements and Profit Centers
Document splitting also works for acquisition postings with multiple assets (and
different account assignments). The asset reconciliation accounts (=> stock
adjustment and value adjustment accounts) are already classified internally as asset
item categories. The new FI drilldown reports let you create financial statements
for a segment or profit center immediately (=> transaction code FGI0). Therefore,
you no longer have to transfer assets to Profit Center Accounting (transaction code
1KEI) to generate the profit center financial statements, in contrast to classic
profit center accounting.
Figure 48: Depreciation and Profit Centers
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Program RAPOST2000 posts depreciation items to Asset Accounting in Release
R/3 Enterprise and later. An interesting question is how and whether the FI entities
(such as the segment) are passed on in the depreciation posting documents.
About the account assignment types:
•
•
78
Depreciation area 20 must have account assignment type "Depreciation Run"
if area 20 is the area you want to use to post the cost-accounting values
(depreciation / interest) to Controlling. In this case, the "costing-based
depreciation" account is defined as a cost element and requires a CO-relevant
account assignment for the depreciation posting run. But this account
assignment is only selected if the corresponding CO object (such as
cost center, order, or WBS element) has depreciation run as its account
assignment type. Furthermore, the segment is derived (indirectly) from
the CO object in this case.
Depreciation area 01 records book depreciation. Even if the depreciation
expense account is not defined as a cost element (that is, these values are
only posted in FI), the system still demands depreciation run as the account
assignment type for area 01. Otherwise there is no way to derive the asset
master record, the profit center, and (possibly) the segment from the CO
object in the book depreciation document. Only the amount that is posted
to an account that is defined as a (primary) cost element is transferred to
Controlling – but both depreciation amounts appear in the leading ledger.
As soon as you activate document splitting, the depreciation documents also
have to meet the document splitting criteria, which means the corresponding
accounts must be defined as item categories. However, the FI-AA component
already performs the split at segment level for depreciation documents.
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AC612
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting
Exercise 4: Integration with Financial
Accounting
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Explain how asset movements and other postings in Financial Accounting
are transferred to profit center accounting
Business Example
You want to model asset balances and their changes in the profit center financial
statements, as well as depreciation in the profit center P&L statement.
Task 1:
You want to transfer balance sheet account postings for assets to Profit Center
Accounting.
1.
Post the acquisition of the asset in company code 1000 in Asset Accounting
under Financial Accounting by executing the acquisition posting with
automatic offsetting entry.
Field Name
Values
Existing Asset
Posting Amount
Assembly Pump ##
100,000.00
Document Date
Current Date
Posting Date
Current Date
Save the document.
2.
Analyze the transferred data in a standard profit center report in Financial
Accounting called Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance (delivered
with Enhancement Package 3). Start the report and enter the following data:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Period from
1
Period to
12
Profit Center Group
GROUP00
What do you notice?
Task 2:
The consumables costs for assembly in the group's entire pump division are posted
to a cost center. Enter this invoice as a debit for the pump cost center, T611##.
1.
Enter an incoming invoice in Financial Accounting (transaction code FB60)
with the following data:
Vendor
T-K500A##
Invoice date
Today’s date
Amount
2200
Tax amount
200
Tax Code
1I
G/L Account
403000
D/C
Debit
Amount in Doc. Curr.
2000
Cost Center
T611##
Save the document.
2.
Analyze the document in the financial statements and P&L statement of profit
center 611##. To do so, use the Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance
report with the following parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Continued on next page
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AC612
2009
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting
Period from
1
Period to
12
Profit Center Group
GROUP00
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Solution 4: Integration with Financial
Accounting
Task 1:
You want to transfer balance sheet account postings for assets to Profit Center
Accounting.
1.
Post the acquisition of the asset in company code 1000 in Asset Accounting
under Financial Accounting by executing the acquisition posting with
automatic offsetting entry.
Field Name
Values
Existing Asset
Assembly Pump ##
Posting Amount
100,000.00
Document Date
Current Date
Posting Date
Current Date
Save the document.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
Fixed Assets
Posting
Acquisition
External Acquisition Acquis. w/Autom. Offsetting
Entry. Enter the data as specified in the exercise and save the document.
!
!
!
2.
!
!
!
Analyze the transferred data in a standard profit center report in Financial
Accounting called Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance (delivered
with Enhancement Package 3). Start the report and enter the following data:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
Fiscal Year
0
Current fiscal year
Period from
1
Period to
12
Profit Center Group
GROUP00
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting
What do you notice?
a)
Accounting -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger -> Information
System -> General Ledger Reports (New) -> Reports for Profit Center
Accounting -> Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance. Start the
report as specified in the exercise and examine the financial statements.
The asset acquisition appears in the financial statements.
Task 2:
The consumables costs for assembly in the group's entire pump division are posted
to a cost center. Enter this invoice as a debit for the pump cost center, T611##.
1.
Enter an incoming invoice in Financial Accounting (transaction code FB60)
with the following data:
Vendor
T-K500A##
Invoice date
Today’s date
Amount
2200
Tax amount
200
Tax Code
1I
G/L Account
403000
D/C
Debit
Amount in Doc. Curr.
Cost Center
2000
T611##
Save the document.
a)
Accounting -> Financial Accounting -> Accounts Payable ->
Document Entry -> Invoice
Enter the data as specified in the table and save.
2.
Analyze the document in the financial statements and P&L statement of profit
center 611##. To do so, use the Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance
report with the following parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Period from
1
Period to
12
Profit Center Group
GROUP00
a)
AC612
Accounting -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger -> Information
System -> General Ledger Reports (New) -> Reports for Profit Center
Accounting -> Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
The expense and payables are posted to profit center 611##.
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AC612
Lesson: Integration with Asset Accounting
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Transfer and analyze asset movements to profit center accounting
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Lesson Overview
You transfer postings from Materials Management to Profit Center Accounting.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Understand and customize the process for transferring data from Materials
Management
Business
Example
Outline what effects Materials Management/logistics-related processes have in
Profit Center Accounting
Figure 49: Purchase Order
The profit center to which the data should be posted depends on which materials
and which CO objects are involved. In the case of a purchase order to warehouse,
the profit center is taken from the material master per purchase order item. The
profit center that is determined is forwarded to the goods receipt for purchase order.
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Figure 50: Goods Receipt for Purchase Order
When you post a purchase order, the system posts the goods usage immediately
upon goods receipt if the purchase order has an account assignment. The GR/IR
account is the clearing account for goods received and invoices received. This
gives you the costs of the material consumption in the corresponding profit centers.
The segments are derived from the profit center in the material master for logistics
processes as well. The profit center characteristic is saved in the material master
in the Costing 1 and (General) Plant Data / Storage 2 tabs. To achieve a zero
balance setting, the system creates various clearing lines as a result of document
splitting. These clearing lines generally also contain the partner objects of the
accounting characteristics. When an FI document that originated in Materials
Management is split, the partner information is also included in the expense and
material stocks line.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Figure 51: Goods Receipt for Purchase Order
When a goods receipt posting is made, the profit center is always determined
indirectly via the preceding document.
If the amount on the invoice is different from the standard price of the material
purchased, price differences arise when you post the invoice receipt. These price
differences are assigned to the profit center of the material purchased, provided
that it is a nonassigned purchase order.
If your price difference account is defined as a cost element, the amount is posted
to the profit center of the corresponding CO object.
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Exercise 5: Data Flow from Materials
Management
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Understand how profit centers are determined for purchase orders and the
corresponding goods receipts and invoice receipts
Business Example
You want to model the purchasing process in the profit center financial statements.
Purchase orders are posted to the respective CO account assignment objects,
provided they are not raw materials orders that increase stock. The head of
Financial Accounting is interested in how profit centers are determined for goods
receipt postings and invoice receipts for the respective purchase orders, since
payables should also be displayed at the profit center level.
Task 1:
Order raw material R-T0## for the pending production of pump R-F1##. The
goods receipt is to increase the stock of the raw material.
You also order a monitor (material M-01 in plant 1000) charged to the production
cost center (T611##) as a replacement for an obsolete model.
1.
Which profit center is assigned to material M-01 in plant 1000?
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
2.
AC612
Create a purchase order in logistics in purchasing for Materials Management.
The vendor is known.
Field Name
Values
Vendor
1000
Purchasing Org.
1000
Purchasing Group
001
Company Code
1000
Enter the following purchase order item:
Field Name
Acc.Assgmnt Cat.
Values
Cost Center
Material
M-01
1
PO Quantity
200
Net Price
Plant
1000
Storage Location
0001
Go to the Account Assignment tab in the item. Enter cost center T611## as
the account assignment object. Confirm by pressing Enter and check the
entry in the Profit Center field. Which profit center was assigned?
3.
Enter another PO item. You want to order a slug that is needed to
manufacture the pump. You want the PO to increase the stock of slugs.
Therefore, you do not need to enter an account assignment category in the
PO item.
Field Name
Values
Acc.Assgmnt Cat.
No entry
Material
R-T0##
PO Quantity
100
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Field Name
Values
52
Net Price
Plant
1000
Storage Location
0001
Save your purchase order and write down the document number.
Task 2:
Enter a goods receipt for the purchase order you just entered.
1.
Enter a goods receipt for the purchase order: Enter the PO number and flag
both PO items as OK. Use the PO number from the previous step. Check the
Account Assignment tab. Which profit center did the system determine?
Post the goods receipt and write down the number of the material document.
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center Group or Profit Center GROUP## or 1010
Analyze the goods receipt postings in the financial statements and P&L
statement of the involved profit centers.
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Task 3:
Enter an MM invoice receipt for the previous purchase order.
1.
Enter an incoming invoice in Logistics Invoice Verification.
Enter the following basic data:
Field Name
Values
Invoice Date
Current date
Posting Date
Current date
Amount
5940
Tax amount
540
Tax Code
1I (Input tax 10%)
Enter the purchase order number from the previous task and confirm.
Change the tax code to 1I in the item.
Enter the amount from the invoice item in the basic data. Save and write
down the document number.
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center Group or Profit Center GROUP## or 1010
Analyze the invoice receipts in the financial statements of the involved profit
centers.
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Solution 5: Data Flow from Materials
Management
Task 1:
Order raw material R-T0## for the pending production of pump R-F1##. The
goods receipt is to increase the stock of the raw material.
You also order a monitor (material M-01 in plant 1000) charged to the production
cost center (T611##) as a replacement for an obsolete model.
1.
Which profit center is assigned to material M-01 in plant 1000?
a)
Logistics
!
!
Materials Management
!
Material Master
!
Material
!
Display
Display Current
Material M-01
Choose the Select View(s) pushbutton.
Choose the Costing 1 view.
Enter plant 1000.
M-01 is assigned profit center 9999.
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
2.
AC612
Create a purchase order in logistics in purchasing for Materials Management.
The vendor is known.
Field Name
Values
Vendor
1000
Purchasing Org.
1000
Purchasing Group
001
Company Code
1000
Enter the following purchase order item:
Field Name
Acc.Assgmnt Cat.
Values
Cost Center
Material
M-01
1
PO Quantity
200
Net Price
Plant
1000
Storage Location
0001
Go to the Account Assignment tab in the item. Enter cost center T611## as
the account assignment object. Confirm by pressing Enter and check the
entry in the Profit Center field. Which profit center was assigned?
Materials Management
Purchasing
Answer: Logistics
Order
Create
Vendor/Supplying Plant Known
!
!
!
!
Purchase
!
Enter the header data for the purchase order.
Profit center 611## from the master record of cost center T611## was
assigned.
3.
Enter another PO item. You want to order a slug that is needed to
manufacture the pump. You want the PO to increase the stock of slugs.
Therefore, you do not need to enter an account assignment category in the
PO item.
Field Name
Values
Acc.Assgmnt Cat.
No entry
Material
R-T0##
PO Quantity
100
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Field Name
Values
52
Net Price
Plant
1000
Storage Location
0001
Save your purchase order and write down the document number.
a)
–
Task 2:
Enter a goods receipt for the purchase order you just entered.
1.
Enter a goods receipt for the purchase order: Enter the PO number and flag
both PO items as OK. Use the PO number from the previous step. Check the
Account Assignment tab. Which profit center did the system determine?
Post the goods receipt and write down the number of the material document.
Materials Management
Inventory Management
Answer: Logistics
Goods Movement
Goods Receipt
For Purchase Order
PO
Number Known
!
!
!
!
!
!
Enter the purchase order number from the previous task and confirm.
Click the Account Assignment tab in the purchase order item. Cost center
T611## and profit center 611## are transferred from the purchase order.
Profit center 1010 is derived from the material master for R-T0##.
Set the indicator for both items to OK .
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
1000
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
From Period
1
To Period
12
AC612
Profit Center Group or Profit Center GROUP## or 1010
Analyze the goods receipt postings in the financial statements and P&L
statement of the involved profit centers.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The P&L statement for profit center 611# shows the material expense
for monitor M-01 (EUR 200 when you select by PC group GROUP##).
The raw materials stock of profit center 1010 shows the stock of the
ordered slugs (EUR 5200 when you select by profit center 1010 and
select the Raw Materials 1 account: Select the number and choose Goto
Call up report to start the G/L Account Line Item Display, sorted in
descending order by document date.
!
The offsetting posting for both items was made to the GR/IR account
(offsetting item in the document).
Task 3:
Enter an MM invoice receipt for the previous purchase order.
1.
Enter an incoming invoice in Logistics Invoice Verification.
Enter the following basic data:
Field Name
Values
Invoice Date
Current date
Posting Date
Current date
Amount
5940
Tax amount
540
Tax Code
1I (Input tax 10%)
Enter the purchase order number from the previous task and confirm.
Change the tax code to 1I in the item.
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Materials Management
Enter the amount from the invoice item in the basic data. Save and write
down the document number.
a)
Logistics
Materials Management
Document Entry
Enter Invoice
!
!
!
Logistics Invoice Verification
!
Go to the PO Reference tab.
Use the PO number from the previous step. Confirm with Enter.
In the invoice item, scroll to the right to the Tax Codes column. Change
the tax code to 1I. Enter EUR 5940 as the invoice amount and EUR 540
as the tax amount. Post the incoming invoice.
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center Group or Profit Center GROUP## or 1010
Analyze the invoice receipts in the financial statements of the involved profit
centers.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The payables are reported in profit centers 611## and 1010.
The input tax is reported in profit centers 611## and 1010.
The GR/IR account is cleared as the offsetting posting.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Understand and customize the process for transferring data from Materials
Management
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Lesson Overview
You transfer primary and secondary costs postings from Cost Object Controlling
to Profit Center Accounting.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Understand the secondary cost postings to the assigned profit centers
Business
Example
Explain how postings in internal accounting are updated in Profit Center
Accounting.
Figure 52: Secondary Costs
Since this case involves general ledger accounting, and not a parallel accounting
system like the classic Profit Center Accounting, each document item must
contain a general ledger account in the Account field. For this reason, account
determination takes place when the documents are transferred from CO the
new general ledger within the real-time integration framework. In contrast, in
classic Profit Center Accounting, the secondary cost element is updated directly
in the Account field. As a result, you can display both secondary cost elements
and P&L/balance sheet accounts in the Account field in a Report Painter report
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
or drilldown report in classic Profit Center Accounting. The new general ledger
makes it possible to create a report exclusively using cost elements, as well as
display the cost element as additional information in a report.
The profit center of the sender account assignment object is credited and the
corresponding profit center of the receiver account assignment object is specified
as the partner profit center.
In addition, the receiver's profit center is charged and the sender's profit center is
recorded as the partner profit center.
All secondary allocations between CO objects are mapped to the assigned profit
centers through real-time integration (for example, utilization of cost center
activities for a production order).
Figure 53: Cost Object Controlling – Goods Issue
The above example shows the withdrawal of a material from the warehouse for a
production order. The profit center of the production order is determined based on
the materials produced.
In this example, the material master record for the raw materials belongs to the
same profit center as the production order from the perspective of Profit Center
Accounting.
The raw material stores withdrawal for the production order maps the stock
and consumption postings to the same profit center. The profit center and
partner profit center are identical in this case.
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Figure 54: Cost Object Controlling – Confirmation / Settlement
The above example shows the delivery of the material to make-to-stock inventory.
The goods receipt posting credits the production order in the amount of 450. This
amount corresponds to the standard price of the produced material. The inventory
value in finished goods inventory increases by the same amount. The differences
between
anddifference
credit (500
- 450 =
50) settlement
which result
production
order are
posted todebit
a price
account
upon
ofon
thethe
production
order.
The settlement process writes off the remaining order balance of 50. This amount
corresponds to the variances in the production order between total manufacturing
expense and the goods receipt value. This value is posted to a price difference
account.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Exercise 6: Data Flow from Cost Object
Controlling
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Report on postings resulting from the production process in FI.
Business Example
Your company wants to analyze the production costs of the pump in a suitable
report in FI. To enable this, the secondary costs from production are to be
transferred to FI.
Task 1:
Create a production order in PP.
1.
Create a production order (transaction CO01) with the following data:
Material
R-F1##
Production Plant
1000
Order Type
PP01
Enter the following data in the order:
Total Quantity
50
Start
Current date
Scheduling Type
Forwards
Choose Functions
!
Release.
Go to the Assignment tab and check the profit center assignment. If profit
center 612## is assigned, save the order.
Task 2:
Post the goods issue for the production of pump R-F1##.
1.
Enter the goods issue, charged to the production order, with the following
data:
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
Movement Type
261
Plant
1000
Storage Location
0001
AC612
Refer to the order and post the goods issue. This function is located under
Goods Issue
Create with Reference
To Order. In the dialog box
that appears, enter the order number from the previous task. You see the
assemblies that comprise the pump, together with the quantities from the
production order.
!
!
Save the goods issue.
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
From Period
Current fiscal year
1
Period to
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the goods issue from production in the P&L statement for profit
center 612##.
Task 3:
Enter the confirmation of the complete order.
1.
For test purposes, enter the confirmation for the individual order, not for the
individual operations from the routing (transaction CO15).
Enter a quantity of 50 pieces. No scrap or other quantities are generated.
Save the confirmation.
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the posting in the P&L statement for profit center 612## that results
from the confirmation. Normally, this involves secondary costs from CO.
Why can we see these costs in the new general ledger?
Task 4:
To perform the period-end closing for the order, determine any variances and
settle the order.
1.
During the period-end closing in Cost Object Controlling, you determine the
variances in the order that correspond to the current balance of the production
order. In the settlement, you post the balance as production differences in FI,
and therefore at the profit center level.
Execute the variance calculation as an update run.
Execute settlement as an update run.
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
Ledger
1000
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
AC612
Analyze the posting in the settlement (production variances) for profit center
612## that results from the confirmation.
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Solution 6: Data Flow from Cost Object
Controlling
Task 1:
Create a production order in PP.
1.
Create a production order (transaction CO01) with the following data:
Material
R-F1##
Production Plant
1000
Order Type
PP01
Enter the following data in the order:
Total Quantity
50
Start
Current date
Scheduling Type
Forwards
Choose Functions
!
Release.
Go to the Assignment tab and check the profit center assignment. If profit
center 612## is assigned, save the order.
a)
Logistics
Production
With Material
!
!
Shop Floor Control
!
Order
!
Create
!
Enter the data as shown in the table, release the order, and save.
Write down the order number.
Task 2:
Post the goods issue for the production of pump R-F1##.
1.
Enter the goods issue, charged to the production order, with the following
data:
Movement Type
261
Plant
1000
Storage Location
0001
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Refer to the order and post the goods issue. This function is located under
Goods Issue
Create with Reference
To Order. In the dialog box
!
!
that appears, enter the order number from the previous task. You see the
assemblies that comprise the pump, together with the quantities from the
production order.
Save the goods issue.
a)
Logistics
Production
Goods Issue (MB1A).
!
!
Shop Floor Control
!
Goods Movements
!
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
Period to
Profit Center
12
612##
Analyze the goods issue from production in the P&L statement for profit
center 612##.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The consumption of semifinished products is reported in the P&L
statement of profit center 612##.
Task 3:
Enter the confirmation of the complete order.
1.
For test purposes, enter the confirmation for the individual order, not for the
individual operations from the routing (transaction CO15).
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Enter a quantity of 50 pieces. No scrap or other quantities are generated.
Save the confirmation.
a)
Logistics
Production
Enter
For Order
!
!
Shop Floor Control
!
Confirmation
!
!
2.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
1000
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the posting in the P&L statement for profit center 612## that results
from the confirmation. Normally, this involves secondary costs from CO.
Why can we see these costs in the new general ledger?
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The secondary costs for the confirmation are transferred to the new
general ledger through the real-time integration.
Task 4:
To perform the period-end closing for the order, determine any variances and
settle the order.
1.
During the period-end closing in Cost Object Controlling, you determine the
variances in the order that correspond to the current balance of the production
order. In the settlement, you post the balance as production differences in FI,
and therefore at the profit center level.
Execute the variance calculation as an update run.
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Execute settlement as an update run.
a)
Menu path for variances: Logistics
Production
Shop-Floor
Control
Period-End Closing
Variances
Individual Processing
!
!
!
!
!
Menu path for settlement: Logistics
Production
Shop Floor
Control
Period-End Closing
Settlement
Individual Processing
!
!
2.
!
!
!
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
Controlling Area
0L
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the posting in the settlement (production variances) for profit center
612## that results from the confirmation.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The variances are reported as plant activity and production differences.
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AC612
Lesson: Data Flow from Cost Object Controlling
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Understand the secondary cost postings to the assigned profit centers
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution
Lesson Overview
You post the goods issue and billing document in Profit Center Accounting.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Understand the profit center postings within the sales from stock process.
Business Example
Explain the value flow from Sales and Distribution to the project team.
Figure 55: Transfer from Sales and Distribution (1)
The assignment of a profit center for a sales order is passed from the sales order
to the delivery note and then on to the billing document. The change in stock is
posted to the profit center upon goods issue.
If account-based Profitability Analysis is active in your system, the G/L account
for changes in stock must be defined as a cost element. If account-based CO-PA is
not active, you must define this account as a profit and loss account.
The profit center is assigned at the item level of the sales order.
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AC612
Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution
Figure 56: Transfer from Sales and Distribution (2)
The following data is transferred from billing documents, debit and credit memos
to Profit Center Accounting:
A simplified example of a logistical SD process with the generated profit center
postings.
2009
•
Revenues
•
Sales deductions (shipping, rebates, and so on)
•
Accruals (for example, from rebate agreements)
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
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AC612
Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution
Exercise 7: Transfer from Sales and
Distribution
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Create a standard sales order and process the entire order
Business Example
The pumps you manufacture, R-F1##, are currently in stock. You want to reduce
warehouse stocks through the sales process.
Task 1:
Create a sales order.
1.
Enter a sales order with the following parameters:
Field Name
Value
Order Type
TA
Sales Organization
1000
Distribution Channel
10
Category
00
Sold-to
T-CSD##
Ship-to Party
T-CSD##
PO Number
PUMP ##
Material
R-F1##
Order Quantity
30
Check the account assignment of this order item in the item details. Which
profit center was assigned?
___________________________________________
Post the document and write down the document number.
___________________________________________
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Task 2:
Create the outbound delivery for the sales order, pick the delivery, and post the
goods issue.
1.
Create an outbound delivery for the sales order.
Use the following parameters:
Field Name
Value
Shipping Point
1000
Selection Date
Current date + 1 month
Order
Sales order number
Save the outbound delivery and write down the document number.
___________________________________________
2.
Create a transfer order to pick the order. Enter the following data.
Field Name
Value
Warehouse Number
010
Delivery
Document number of
delivery
Plant
1000
Activate Item
Set indicator
Process Flow
System-Guided
Press Enter and save the transfer order. No entries are necessary, since
picking is carried out automatically.
3.
Post the goods issue by changing the outbound delivery you created in the
previous step.
Task 3:
Bill the outbound delivery.
1.
Enter the outbound delivery number to bill it. Press Enter to display the
billing document data. Do not enter anything else. Save the billing document.
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution
Task 4:
Analyze the sales process in a standard profit center report.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the postings to the financial statements and P&L statement for profit
center 612## that result from the delivery and billing.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Solution 7: Transfer from Sales and
Distribution
Task 1:
Create a sales order.
1.
Enter a sales order with the following parameters:
Field Name
Value
Order Type
TA
Sales Organization
1000
Distribution Channel
Category
10
00
Sold-to
T-CSD##
Ship-to Party
T-CSD##
PO Number
PUMP ##
Material
R-F1##
Order Quantity
30
Check the account assignment of this order item in the item details. Which
profit center was assigned?
___________________________________________
Post the document and write down the document number.
___________________________________________
a)
Logistics
!
Sales and Distribution
!
Sales
!
Order
!
Create
Profit center 612## was automatically determined by the system
because it is entered in the master record of material R-F1##.
Task 2:
Create the outbound delivery for the sales order, pick the delivery, and post the
goods issue.
1.
Create an outbound delivery for the sales order.
Use the following parameters:
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution
Field Name
Value
Shipping Point
1000
Selection Date
Current date + 1 month
Order
Sales order number
Save the outbound delivery and write down the document number.
___________________________________________
a)
Logistics
Sales and Distribution
Shipping and Transportation
Outbound Delivery
Create
Single Document
With Reference
to Sales Order (transaction code VL01N)
!
!
!
2.
!
!
!
Create a transfer order to pick the order. Enter the following data.
Field Name
Value
Warehouse Number
010
Delivery
Document number of
delivery
Plant
1000
Activate Item
Set indicator
Process Flow
System-Guided
Press Enter and save the transfer order. No entries are necessary, since
picking is carried out automatically.
a)
Logistics
Picking
3.
Sales and Distribution
Create Transfer Order
!
!
Shipping and Transportation
Single Document
!
!
!
Post the goods issue by changing the outbound delivery you created in the
previous step.
a)
Logistics
Sales and Distribution
Shipping and Transportation
Outbound Delivery
Change
Single Document
!
!
!
!
!
Choose the Post Goods Issue pushbutton.
Task 3:
Bill the outbound delivery.
1.
Enter the outbound delivery number to bill it. Press Enter to display the
billing document data. Do not enter anything else. Save the billing document.
a)
Logistics
Sales and Distribution
Shipping and Transportation
Billing
Billing Document
Create
!
!
!
!
!
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Task 4:
Analyze the sales process in a standard profit center report.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the postings to the financial statements and P&L statement for profit
center 612## that result from the delivery and billing.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The goods issue associated with the outbound delivery reduced stocks.
The manufacturing costs of the sales (stock change) were posted.
Domestic receivables and sales revenues were posted to during billing.
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AC612
Lesson: Transfer from Sales and Distribution
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Understand the profit center postings within the sales from stock process.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
Lesson Overview
Learn about the use of allocations in profit center accounting
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Define a profit center allocation
Business Example
You are preparing a project meeting regarding allocations for profit centers.
Figure 57: Statistical Key Figures in the New General Ledger
You use the IMG activity
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Key Figures
Transfer Opening Balance from CO
!
!
Statistical
!
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Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
to transfer the data from over Overhead Cost Controlling (CO-IM) that were
recorded based on the statistical key figures. A transfer can be needed for the
following reasons:
•
The dataset in CO-OM is an opening balance. You want to rebuild the
dataset in general ledger accounting.
•
You have created a new ledger in general ledger accounting and want to
rebuild the statistical key figures in general ledger accounting as a result.
When you transfer the statistical key figures from CO (either online or with
this program), only those characteristics that are managed as a scenario in at
least one ledger in G/L accounting are updated. This means if you only have
ledgers that use cost-of-sales accounting, business area, and profit center
update scenarios, the segment characteristic is not updated. If you want to
create a new ledger with the profit center update scenario, you do not have to
do anything. The data can be used by this new ledger automatically. If the
ledger contains the segment reporting scenario, however, you have to rebuild
the data because the segment has not been updated to date.
You can transfer both actual and planning data for each controlling area, fiscal
year, and object type (such as cost center).
You can use transaction FAGLSKF to enter actual values for statistical key figures
directly in Financial Accounting. However, we recommend transferring the
values for the statistical key figures from Controlling first and then adjusting them
in Financial Accounting. You can enter plan values for statistical key figures
directly in Financial Accounting with transaction FAGLSKF1. The transactions
are located under the following menu path in the application:
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Statistical Key Figures
A period evaluation is also available.
!
!
!
You can use statistical key figures as the allocation base in the new general ledger.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Figure 58: Distribution/Assessment
Allocation (assessment and distribution) of overhead costs is usually performed
at period closing. Allocation is normally performed directly at cost center level;
the postings are transferred to the profit centers in the new general ledger through
real-time integration.
If postings were made to the dummy or default profit centers, you allocate them
to the production profit centers as assessments during the period-end closing.
The system uses an assessment account to consolidate the individual accounts
in the sender profit center for assessment. This means the head of the receiver
profit center now only sees the assessment account, and no longer the individual
accounts that were posted to the default profit center.
In many cases, you have to allocate certain balance sheet items (raw materials,
real estate, and so on), which you initially posted to a single profit center, to
several receiver profit centers. We recommend using distribution, as it allocates
specifically to the cost element. This means a material stock account remains
with the receiver.
Assessing or distributing data in Profit Center Accounting only makes sense after
you have completed all the period closing activities in all the feeder applications
(FI, CO, SD, MM, and so on). You should also post any additional profit
center data - such as PCA Statistical Key Figures - manually or transfer it from
Controlling before allocating.
Distribution and assessment work the same way as in Overhead Management,
but affect PCA postings only.
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AC612
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
The (actual) allocations from the different components in the SAP system with
active new general ledger are integrated with Financial Accounting as described
below:
•
Actual allocations in Overhead Cost Controlling: Changes also updated in
new G/L if real-time CO ! FI integration is active
•
Actual allocations from classic Profit Center Accounting: No update in FI –
a strict EC-PCA document is generated.
•
Actual allocations in the new general ledger: No integration with other
components – a strict FI document is generated
Figure 59: Create Distribution/Assessment
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
The cycle segment method described here defines both distributions and
assessments. Periodic reposting is not used in the new general ledger. To display
the allocation relationships between the senders and receivers in the system, you
need to make the following entries for each (allocation) segment:
•
Sender values: Which costs do you want to assess and from which objects
will the costs be assessed? Sender values can be posted values, fixed
amounts, or fixed prices. If you use posted amounts, you can work with plan
and actual values. You can specify a percentage under 100%, which leaves a
corresponding amount on the sending profit center.
•
Receiver values: To which objects are the costs allocated? On the receiver
side, you can store fixed amounts, fixed percentages, fixed portions, and
variable portions as rules.
•
Tracing
factor:ofOn
basisportion
are theidentifies
costs splita among
the receivers?
The
tracing factor
thewhat
variable
posted value
on the profit
center as an allocation base (=> statistical key figures, for example).
In an (allocation) segment, sender profit centers are combined with receiver
profit centers according to the allocation relationships described above. Multiple
segments are combined in a cycle. A cycle must always be assigned to a "Version"
- use version 1 in FI.
Figure 60: Distribution
The distribution is used to distribute values from one profit center to another profit
center. The allocation in FI does not change the debit to the Energy cost center at
all. The values arrive in the receiving profit centers with the same account (which
is usually, but not necessarily, also defined as a cost element in CO) in which they
were originally posted on the sender profit center - processing uses the original
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Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
account. In our example, the accounts are 416100 and 416110. The distribution
creates an FI document. The FI document number is displayed in the basic list
of the allocation. You can reverse distributions as often as required. You use the
Cycle-Segment method to define sender-receiver relationships. Practical example:
Distribution is used, for example, to distribute material stocks to different profit
centers. This is necessary, for example, when several profit centers at a plant are
responsible for a material. Since only one profit center can be defined in the
material master, you allocate the stock values (using the stock account) from
the defined profit center to the others.
Figure 61: Assessment
You want an individual assessment account to be defined in each case for the
assessment in the new general ledger. This is account 499900 in the example
on the slide. The assessment account must not correspond to any secondary
cost element in CO - this means that you cannot simply use the assessment cost
elements (cost element type 42) from CO. The receiving objects do not display the
account with which the original invoices were entered. You use the assessment
when the original accounts cannot or must not be identified on the receiver side.
In practice, assessment is often used to clear a dummy profit center. Distribution
creates a financial accounting document, which is output in the basic list. You can
reverse and repeat assessments as often as required. You use the Cycle-Segment
method to define sender-receiver relationships.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
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AC612
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
Exercise 8: Allocations in Profit Center
Accounting
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Create an assessment cycle in the new general ledger that allocates at the
profit center level.
Business Example
The costs of the administration profit center, 611##, should be visible on profit
center 612## with a separate assessment account after assessment.
Task 1:
Define an assessment account for profit centers.
1.
Enter the central assessment account 4990## for chart of accounts INT and
company code 1000. Use account 499998 with the data from company code
1000 as a copy template.
Name the account Allocation PC ## (short text) and Allocation Profit
Center ## (G/L account long text).
Go to the Control Data tab and delete the Alternative Account Number.
Go to the Key Word/Translation tab and name the account Umlage PC ##
(short text) and Umlage Profitcenter ## (G/L account long text) in German.
Assign financial statement version INT to the new account. Move account
4990## to below item 3051090.
Task 2:
You want to define an assessment in the new general ledger to allocate the
administration costs to the pump division's profit center.
1.
Create an assessment in the new general ledger. Use the following
parameters:
Field Name
Value
Ledger
0L
Cycle Name
ADMIN##
Start Date
01/01 current fiscal
year
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Enter the following data in the header data of the cycle:
Field Name
Text
Value
Administrative Costs
Pumps ##
Company Code
1000
Version:
1
Attach a segment named ADMIN## (administrative costs, pump division)
and enter the following segment data.
Enter the following values in the Segment Header tab.
Assessment Account
4990##
Sender Rule
Share in %
100%
Actual value origin
Activate
Receiver rule
Fixed percentages
Go to the Senders/Receivers tab and enter the following data.
Account Number Set
ALLOC##
Sender Profit Center
611##
Receiver Profit Center
612##
Hint: If account intervals and single values are not sufficient to
define the sender values, you can enter the name of a set in the Set
column and choose Extras / Create Set to create a new one. You have
been asked to group the master data together. You define the relevant
accounts within the intervals 400000-479999 and 200000-299999
to allocate the P&L statement.
Position the cursor on ALLOC## and choose Extras / Create Set. Enter
the following values.
Field for set name
P&L-relevant accounts
Fields for 1st interval
400000 - 479999
Fields for 2nd interval
200000 - 299999
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
Save the set and exit transaction GS01.
Go to the Receiver Tracing Factor tab and enter 100%.
Now create a cycle run group called GR## (parallel assessments) and
assign it to the cycle.
Save the cycle.
Task 3:
Run the actual assessment cycle in the current period.
1.
Start cycle ADMIN## in ledger 0L in the current period of the current fiscal
year and analyze the log. Use document type SA.
Task 4:
Analyze the effects of the assessment in reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
1
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze
theasvalues
posted
the P&L statement from profit centers 611##
and 612##
a result
of thetoassessment.
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Solution 8: Allocations in Profit Center
Accounting
Task 1:
Define an assessment account for profit centers.
1.
Enter the central assessment account 4990## for chart of accounts INT and
company code 1000. Use account 499998 with the data from company code
1000 as a copy template.
Name the account Allocation PC ## (short text) and Allocation Profit
Center ## (G/L account long text).
Go to the Control Data tab and delete the Alternative Account Number.
Go to the Key Word/Translation tab and name the account Umlage PC ##
(short text) and Umlage Profitcenter ## (G/L account long text) in German.
Assign financial statement version INT to the new account. Move account
4990## to below item 3051090.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Master
Records
G/L Accounts
Individual Processing
Centrally
!
!
!
!
!
!
Task 2:
You want to define an assessment in the new general ledger to allocate the
administration costs to the pump division's profit center.
1.
Create an assessment in the new general ledger. Use the following
parameters:
Field Name
Value
Ledger
0L
Cycle Name
ADMIN##
Start Date
01/01 current fiscal
year
Enter the following data in the header data of the cycle:
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
Field Name
Value
Text
Administrative Costs
Pumps ##
Company Code
1000
Version:
1
Attach a segment named ADMIN## (administrative costs, pump division)
and enter the following segment data.
Enter the following values in the Segment Header tab.
Assessment Account
4990##
Sender Rule
Share in %
100%
Actual value origin
Activate
Receiver rule
Fixed percentages
Go to the Senders/Receivers tab and enter the following data.
Account Number Set
ALLOC##
Sender Profit Center
611##
Receiver Profit Center
612##
Hint: If account intervals and single values are not sufficient to
define the sender values, you can enter the name of a set in the Set
column and choose Extras / Create Set to create a new one. You have
been asked to group the master data together. You define the relevant
accounts within the intervals 400000-479999 and 200000-299999
to allocate the P&L statement.
Position the cursor on ALLOC## and choose Extras / Create Set. Enter
the following values.
Field for set name
P&L-relevant accounts
Fields for 1st interval
400000 - 479999
Fields for 2nd interval
200000 - 299999
Save the set and exit transaction GS01.
Continued on next page
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Unit 3: Actual Postings for Profit Center Accounting in New General Ledger
Accounting
AC612
Go to the Receiver Tracing Factor tab and enter 100%.
Now create a cycle run group called GR## (parallel assessments) and
assign it to the cycle.
Save the cycle.
a)
Accounting
Processing
!
!
Financial Accounting
Closing
Allocation
!
!
!
General Ledger
Periodic
Actual Assessment
Create
!
!
Task 3:
Run the actual assessment cycle in the current period.
1.
Start cycle ADMIN## in ledger 0L in the current period of the current fiscal
year and analyze the log. Use document type SA.
a)
Accounting
Processing
!
!
Financial Accounting
Closing
Allocation
!
!
!
General Ledger
Periodic
Actual Assessment
Execute
!
!
Task 4:
Analyze the effects of the assessment in reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
Company Code
10
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
1
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Analyze the values posted to the P&L statement from profit centers 611##
and 612## as a result of the assessment.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The costs are posted under the assessment account.
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AC612
Lesson: Allocations in Profit Center Accounting
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Define a profit center allocation
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Unit Summary
AC612
Unit Summary
You should now be able to:
136
•
Describe the basic concept of the profit center update.
•
Transfer and analyze asset movements to profit center accounting
•
Understand and customize the process for transferring data from Materials
Management
•
Understand the secondary cost postings to the assigned profit centers
•
Understand the profit center postings within the sales from stock process.
•
Define a profit center allocation
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AC612
Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge
1.
Material stocks are transferred to Profit Center Accounting at plant level.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
2.
"
True
"
False
By default, the profit center assignment for cost objects is made on a
sales-related basis.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
3.
"
True
"
False
Statistically, costs and revenues are posted to the profit center of the sales
order item when the sales order is received.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
4.
"
True
"
False
Allocations within profit centers are reflected in the assigned cost center
(parallel accounting system).
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
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"
True
"
False
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Test Your Knowledge
AC612
Answers
1.
Material stocks are transferred to Profit Center Accounting at plant level.
Answer: True
The profit center is assigned to the material at plant level.
2.
By default, the profit center assignment for cost objects is made on a
sales-related basis.
Answer: False
The profit center assignment is made on a product-related basis. By default,
the production order contains the profit center of the production material.
3.
Statistically, costs and revenues are posted to the profit center of the sales
order item when the sales order is received.
Answer: False
Costs are posted when the goods issue for the delivery is made, and revenues
are posted when the billing document is issued.
4.
Allocations within profit centers are reflected in the assigned cost center
(parallel accounting system).
Answer: False
Profit center allocations do not generate cost center postings.
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Unit 4
Profit Center Planning in New General
Ledger Accounting
Unit Overview
Plan data can be transferred to Profit Center Accounting or entered directly in
Profit Center Accounting.
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you will be able to:
•
Set up profit center planning
•
Use integrated FI ! CO planning for profit center planning
Unit Contents
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning ....................140
Exercise 9: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning ..... ... ....145
Lesson: Integrated Planning ..................................................156
Exercise 10: Integrated Planning... .. .. ... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. .. ... ... .. ... 163
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
Lesson Overview
You define the version and planner profile for Profit Center Accounting.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Set up profit center planning
Business Example
Profit planning and financial statement planning should also be possible at profit
center level.
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AC612
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
Figure 62: Planning in Financial Accounting
•
Activate summary table: Customizing ! Financial Accounting (New) !
General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning ! Technical Help ! Install
Summary Table
•
Import planning layouts: Customizing ! Financial Accounting (New) !
General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning ! Technical Help ! Import
Planning Layouts
•
Define plan periods: Customizing ! Financial Accounting (New) !
General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning ! Define Plan Periods
•
Set planner profile: Application ! General Ledger ! Periodic Processing
! Planning ! Set Planner Profile
•
Create planning document types: Customizing ! Financial Accounting
(New) ! General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning ! Define
Document Types for Planning
•
Define plan version: Customizing ! Financial Accounting (New) !
General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning ! Plan Versions ! Define
Plan Versions
•
Assign plan version to a fiscal year: Customizing ! Financial Accounting
(New) ! General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning ! Plan Versions
! Fiscal-Year-Dependent Version Parameters ! Assign Plan Version to
Fiscal Year and Activate
•
Activate plan line items: Customizing
!
!
!
Financial Accounting (New)
!
!
General Ledger Accounting
Plan Versions
Fiscal-Year-Dependent
Version (New)
ParametersPlanning
! Activate Line Items for
Planning
The transaction code for planning in the new general ledger is GP12N.
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Figure 63: Planning Layouts for Planning in Financial Accounting
(Direct) planning in FI is always saved together with an account. This means it is
easy to plan "primary processes". However, it is not possible to plan "secondary
processes" (such as activities) directly from FI. This is only possible through
integrated planning with Overhead Cost Controlling (=> in standard with EhP3
or SAP Note 1009299).
There are standard drilldown reports that enable you to evaluate the plan data for
accounts in FI: Choose the following menu path in the application:
Accounting
Financial Accounting
Information System
General Ledger
Reports
Financial Statement / Cash Flow
General
Plan/Actual
Comparisons
Financial Statement: Plan/Actual Comparison.
When you start the drilldown report without specifying a financial statement
structure in the selection screen, the plan and actual values for the accounts are
compared directly. If you do not specify a financial statement structure, the
period values are summarized up to the chosen selection period. If you only want
to evaluate the plan values for a month (=> only for the month of March, for
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
example), you cannot leave out entering a financial statement structure. EhP3
includes additional drilldown reports for profit centers and segment plans. These
drill-down reports even offer selection by cost element (and not only by account).
If a segment is defined in a profit center master record, the plan data for that profit
center are saved automatically for the corresponding segment.
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AC612
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
Figure 64: More Detailed Information on Planning in Financial Accounting
Activating cumulative plan data entry for balance sheet accounts (menu path
in Customizing):
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Activate Cumulative Plan Data Entry for Balance Sheet Accounts
What does this do? In the default settings, the period screen for planning in the
!
!
!
new G/L (=> transaction code GP12N) shows the stock change values by period.
If you activate cumulative plan data entry for balance sheet accounts, in contrast,
the planned balance sheet values are displayed for balance sheet accounts (and
only for balance sheet accounts) instead of the balance sheet change values.
Example: You have activated cumulative plan data entry. You use transaction code
GP12N to enter EUR 12,000 for balance sheet account 11000 with distribution
key 2. You then go to the period screen. The period screen shows EUR 12,000
each for periods 1 through 12. This means you have planned a balance of EUR
12,000 on the account in every period. There are no balance sheet changes in
periods 2 through 12. If cumulative plan data entry is not active for balance sheet
accounts and you enter the same values as above, the period screen shows EUR
1,000
each for
periods
1 through
12.only
This
the account
balance
by
EUR 1,000
in every
period.
If (and
if)means
cumulative
plan data
entryincreases
is active for
balance sheet accounts, a balance carryforward is possible for planning data in
FI: Transaction code FAGL_PLAN_VT. Path to BAPI and BAdI: Customizing:
Financial Accounting (New) General Ledger Accounting (New) ! Planning
! External Plan Data Transfer ! ...
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
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AC612
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
Exercise 9: Planning Configuration and
Manual Planning
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
•
Analyze the version settings for the Profit Center Accounting component
Define planning layouts and planner profiles
Business Example
Your company management wants to enable plan/actual comparisons in Profit
Center Accounting. As a result, planning on a profit center basis is activated in FI.
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Task 1:
Check the version settings for planning in Profit Center Accounting.
1.
Can you plan in the current fiscal year?
2.
Is manual planning possible in version 0 (ledger 0L)? Can plan data be
transferred from Overhead Cost Controlling?
3.
Is planning with line items possible in the current fiscal year in company
code 1000?
Task 2:
You enter manual plan data for administrative expenses.
1.
Set planner profile SAPFAGL for summary table FAGLFLEXT.
Task 3:
You enter manual plan values for the expected sales and production processes
for profit center 612##.
1.
Plan the following expenses in the P&L statement for the expected postings
from the production and sales area of profit center 612##, using layout
0FAGL-01. Enter the following values in the initial screen:
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Currency
EUR
Account Number
800000
to
895000
Entry
Free
Choose the “Overview Screen” button or press F5.
Hint: You can also maintain the plan values behind the accounts in
the interval if you use Form-Based entry. This would display too
many accounts for the purpose of this exercise, however, which is
why you use Free entry.
Enter the following data for profit center 612##:
Account Number
Amount
800000
-1200000
893015
360000
895000
-360000
890000
240000
Can you also plan secondary costs of production (such as production
overhead) at this point?
Task 4:
You enter manual plan values for balance sheet depreciation in the P&L statement,
as well as the corresponding value adjustments in the balance sheet. You also enter
the asset portfolio for profit center 611##.
1.
Plan the following values in the P&L statement for the expected postings
from the asset area of profit center 611##, using layout 0FAGL-01. Enter the
following values in the initial screen:
Continued on next page
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
611##
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Currency
EUR
Account Number
1000
to
211200
Entry
Free
Choose the “Overview Screen” button or press F5. Enter the following
data for profit center 611##:
Account Number
Amount
1000
100000
1010
-2000
211200
2000
Examine the periodic values from balance sheet account 1000. Why is the
annual value updated in every monthly period?
Task 5:
You plan cost-accounting depreciation in Asset Accounting.
1.
Run the report for primary cost planning: depreciation/interest. Enter the
following parameters:
Company Code
1000
Plan Version
0
Cost Center
T611##
Depreciation Area
20
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
From Period
1
To Period
12
No test run
Task 6:
Analyze the effects of the planning in reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
GROUP##
Analyze the planned values the P&L statement from profit centers 611##
and 612##.
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Solution 9: Planning Configuration and
Manual Planning
Task 1:
Check the version settings for planning in Profit Center Accounting.
1.
Can you plan in the current fiscal year?
Answer: Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Define Plan Periods
!
!
General
!
The posting periods of the current fiscal year are defined in variant 1000.
2.
Is manual planning possible in version 0 (ledger 0L)? Can plan data be
transferred from Overhead Cost Controlling?
General
Answer: Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Plan Versions
Define Plan
Versions
!
!
3.
!
!
Is planning with line items possible in the current fiscal year in company
code 1000?
Answer: Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Plan Versions
Fiscal-Year-Dependent Version Parameters
Assign Plan Version to Fiscal
Year and Activate.
!
!
!
!
!
Planning with line items is possible in the current fiscal year.
Task 2:
You enter manual plan data for administrative expenses.
1.
Set planner profile SAPFAGL for summary table FAGLFLEXT.
a)
Accounting
Processing
!
!
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Planning
Set Planner Profile
!
!
Periodic
!
Task 3:
You enter manual plan values for the expected sales and production processes
for profit center 612##.
1.
Plan the following expenses in the P&L statement for the expected postings
from the production and sales area of profit center 612##, using layout
0FAGL-01. Enter the following values in the initial screen:
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
612##
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Currency
EUR
Account Number
800000
to
895000
Entry
Free
Choose the “Overview Screen” button or press F5.
Hint: You can also maintain the plan values behind the accounts in
the interval if you use Form-Based entry. This would display too
many accounts for the purpose of this exercise, however, which is
why you use Free entry.
Enter the following data for profit center 612##:
Account Number
Amount
800000
-1200000
893015
360000
895000
-360000
890000
240000
Can you also plan secondary costs of production (such as production
overhead) at this point?
a)
Accounting
Processing
!
!
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Planning
Plan Values
Enter (New)
!
!
!
Periodic
!
Enter the plan values as described in the table. You cannot enter any
secondary costs from CO in manual planning.
Continued on next page
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Task 4:
You enter manual plan values for balance sheet depreciation in the P&L statement,
as well as the corresponding value adjustments in the balance sheet. You also enter
the asset portfolio for profit center 611##.
1.
Plan the following values in the P&L statement for the expected postings
from the asset area of profit center 611##, using layout 0FAGL-01. Enter the
following values in the initial screen:
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
611##
Company Code
Ledger
1000
0L
Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Currency
EUR
Account Number
1000
to
211200
Entry
Free
Choose the “Overview Screen” button or press F5. Enter the following
data for profit center 611##:
Account Number
Amount
1000
100000
1010
-2000
211200
2000
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
Examine the periodic values from balance sheet account 1000. Why is the
annual value updated in every monthly period?
a)
Accounting
Processing
!
!
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Planning
Plan Values
Enter (New)
!
!
!
Periodic
!
Enter the values as shown in the table.
b)
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
General
Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Activate Cumulative Plan
Data Entry for Balance Sheet Accounts
!
!
!
The entered value is updated as an asset value in every period because
cumulative plan data entry is active for balance sheet accounts.
Task 5:
You plan cost-accounting depreciation in Asset Accounting.
1.
Run the report for primary cost planning: depreciation/interest. Enter the
following parameters:
Company Code
1000
Plan Version
0
Cost Center
T611##
Depreciation Area
20
Fiscal Year
From Period
Current fiscal year
1
To Period
12
No test run
a)
Accounting
Processing
!
!
Financial Accounting
Fixed Assets
Periodic
Primary Cost Planning: Depreciation/Interest
!
!
Start the depreciation run with the specified parameters.
Task 6:
Analyze the effects of the planning in reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Continued on next page
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
GROUP##
Analyze the planned values the P&L statement from profit centers 611##
and 612##.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
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Lesson: Planning Configuration and Manual Planning
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Set up profit center planning
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Lesson: Integrated Planning
Lesson Overview
You transfer planning data from Overhead Cost Controlling.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Use integrated FI ! CO planning for profit center planning
Business Example
Sales and cost plans are transferred from Profitability Analysis and Cost Center
Accounting to Profit Center Accounting.
Figure 65: Integrated Planning from Overhead Cost Controlling to Financial
Accounting
Integrated planning from CO-OM to the new general ledger only works if the
plan versions in FI and CO have the same names. Example: CO plan values
from CO plan version 0 are only transferred to FI plan version 0. If you use plan
version 1 to plan in CO, you also have to define and assign a plan version 1 in FI.
You continue using the previous CO planner profile (such as SAPALL) to enter
the plan values in CO. It is also possible to transfer plan data from the CO-PA
component (Profitability Analysis) to the new general ledger – however, this
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Lesson: Integrated Planning
is not performed online, but instead using a (periodic) program run. Integrated
planning of secondary costs is available in ECC6.0 with EhP3 and later (or in
earlier systems with SAP Note 1009299).
Figure 66: Data Flow from Integrated Planning to Financial Accounting
The above example only works on the new general ledger end if the corresponding
scenarios are assigned to the ledgers (=> ledger 0L in the above example).
Therefore, you need scenario assignments to write plan data to the new G/L as
well. If you do not assign the scenarios, only the account and the plan amount are
saved, without any other characteristics (=> specifically, without a profit center).
Another planning option (in the standard system): You can also write plan line
items in the new general ledger. This means plan values (for an account) are not
only saved in summary table FAGLFLEXT; a plan line item (with plan document
number) is also saved for each plan movement in table FAGLFLEXP.
It was not possible to write plan line items in planning in classic General Ledger
Accounting. Activating plan line item updates in Customizing:
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Plan Versions
Fiscal-Year-Dependent Version Parameters
Activate Line
Items for Planning.
You can see whether the action was successful in the fiscal year-dependent version
parameters. Advantages of plan line items: Go from plan drilldown reporting
to plan line item: new report for plan line items (with EhP3): transaction code
FAGLP03. The output is the same list that is called when you navigate from
plan drilldown reporting. When you navigate from drilldown reporting, the list
!
!
2009
!
!
!
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
contains aggregated periods. When you call the report directly, you can deselect
period aggregation in the selection screen. The period field is then filled in the
output as well.
You can check whether the plan document has been transferred to FI already:
Transaction code FAGL_CO_PLAN.
Figure 67: Integrated Planning in Financial Accounting for Secondary Costs
Transaction code and program for activating integrated planning for secondary
cost elements: FAGL_PLAN_ACT_SEC. You can also use program
FAGL_PLAN_ACT_SEC (and therefore integrated planning for secondary cost
elements) with SAP ERP 2004 or an SAP ERP 6.0 release without enhancement
packages. See SAP Note 1009299 for more information. The activation of
integrated planning for secondary cost elements is valid system-wide. Customizing
path for account determination for real-time CO ! FI integration: Financial
Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)
Ledgers
Real-Time Integration of Controlling with Financial Accounting
Account
Determination for Real-Time Integration
Define Account Determination for
!
!
!
!
!
Real-Time
Integration.
Once you activate
integrated planning for secondary cost elements, secondary
plan transactions are also available for selection in account determination for
real-time CO ! FI integration.
Examples:
158
•
RKP1 – Primary cost planning => This transaction is always available
•
RKP2 – Activities planning
•
RKP3 – Secondary cost planning
•
RKPU – Plan overhead cost assessment
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Lesson: Integrated Planning
If the assignment of reconciliation accounts to CO transactions is too general for
your purposes, you can use substitution rules to define a more detailed assignment
(for example, assignment of reconciliation account for each secondary cost
element (and not only for each CO transaction)).
Figure
68: Integrated
Planning in Financial Accounting for Secondary Costs
- Data Flow
(1)
To start CO plan assessment, choose the following menu path on the SAP Easy
Access screen:
Accounting
Controlling
Cost Center Accounting
Planning
Allocations
Assessment
Transaction code to create a new CO plan assessment: KSU7
Transaction code to execute a CO plan assessment: KSUB
!
!
!
!
!
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Figure 69: Integrated Planning in Financial Accounting for Secondary Costs
- Data Flow (2)
The corresponding FI plan line item for the master data constellation described
above appears as follows:
Account
Amount
Profit Center
Partner Profit
Center
499990
300
1402
1402
499990
-300
1402
1402
499990
200
1000
1402
499990
-200
1402
1000
In the depicted drilldown report (=> available in EhP3 and later), you can also
navigate to the cost element characteristic (=> 630000).
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AC612
Lesson: Integrated Planning
Figure 70: Transfer of Plan Data – Classic and New General Ledger
You can transfer plan data from the following Controlling (CO) components for
planning in the new general ledger:
•
Overhead Cost Controlling (CO-OM): Primary and secondary cost elements
•
Profitability Analysis (CO-PA): Primary cost elements
Planning for primary and secondary cost elements is saved directly in the new
general ledger. As a result, you no longer have to plan in Profit Center Accounting
(EC-PCA) or in the special ledgers (FI-SL).
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
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AC612
Lesson: Integrated Planning
Exercise 10: Integrated Planning
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Transfer plan data from Overhead Cost Controlling online
Business Example
Task 1:
You want to use primary cost planning for the administrative cost center for P&L
planning in Financial Accounting.
1.
Set planner profile SAPALL for cost center planning in Controlling.
2.
Plan the following primary costs for the expected administrative expenses
in cost center T611##, using layout 1-101. Enter the following values in
the initial screen:
Version
0
From period
1
To period
12
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Cost Center
T611##
Account Number
400000
to
410000
Entry
Free
Choose the “Overview Screen” button or press F5. Enter the following
data for cost center T611##:
Account Number
Amount
403000
410000
24000
6000
Continued on next page
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Task 2:
You want to analyze the effects of cost center planning in reporting of the new
general ledger.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
611##
Analyze the planned values the P&L statement from profit centers 611##.
Task 3:
You transfer secondary costs from cost center planning.
1.
The administrative cost center uses repair services from the Technical Service
cost center. Enter the corresponding activity input for cost center T611##.
Use layout 1-102 in cost center planning to enter the activity input. Enter the
following data:
Version
0
From period
1
To period
12
Fiscal Year
2009
Cost Center
T611##
Sender cost center
4100
SAtyTyp (Sender Activity Type)
1410
Entry: Form-Based
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Integrated Planning
Choose the “Overview Screen” symbol or press F5. Enter Plan consumption
60 hours, which cost center 611## purchases from cost center 4100 in the
form of activity type 1410.
Task 4:
You want to analyze the effects of cost center planning in reporting of the new
general ledger.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
1
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
611##
Analyze the planned values the P&L statement from profit centers 611##.
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Solution 10: Integrated Planning
Task 1:
You want to use primary cost planning for the administrative cost center for P&L
planning in Financial Accounting.
1.
Set planner profile SAPALL for cost center planning in Controlling.
a)
2.
Accounting
Controlling
Set Planner Profile
!
!
Cost Center Accounting
!
Planning
!
Plan the following primary costs for the expected administrative expenses
in cost center T611##, using layout 1-101. Enter the following values in
the initial screen:
Version
0
From period
1
To period
12
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
Cost Center
T611##
Account Number
400000
to
410000
Entry
Free
Choose the “Overview Screen” button or press F5. Enter the following
data for cost center T611##:
Account Number
Amount
403000
24000
410000
6000
a)
Accounting
!
Controlling
!
Cost Center Accounting
!
Planning
!
!
Cost and Activity Inputs
Change
Enter the plan values as described in the table.
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Lesson: Integrated Planning
Task 2:
You want to analyze the effects of cost center planning in reporting of the new
general ledger.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
611##
Analyze the planned values the P&L statement from profit centers 611##.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The primary costs appear as expenses in the P&L statement of profit
center 611##.
Task 3:
You transfer secondary costs from cost center planning.
1.
The administrative cost center uses repair services from the Technical Service
cost center. Enter the corresponding activity input for cost center T611##.
Use layout 1-102 in cost center planning to enter the activity input. Enter the
following data:
Version
0
From period
1
To period
12
Fiscal Year
2009
Continued on next page
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
Cost Center
T611##
Sender cost center
4100
SAtyTyp (Sender Activity Type)
1410
AC612
Entry: Form-Based
Choose the “Overview Screen” symbol or press F5. Enter Plan consumption
60 hours, which cost center 611## purchases from cost center 4100 in the
form of activity type 1410.
a)
Accounting
Controlling
Cost Center Accounting
Cost and Activity Inputs
Change
!
!
!
Planning
!
!
Use layout 1-102 to enter the specified hours.
Task 4:
You want to analyze the effects of cost center planning in reporting of the new
general ledger.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
1000
Company Code
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
1
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
611##
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Integrated Planning
Analyze the planned values the P&L statement from profit centers 611##.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
The secondary costs appear on a reconciliation account from profit
center 611##. The secondary costs are transferred to the new general
ledger because integrated planning of secondary cost elements is active.
You can see this in the Implementation Guide under:
Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Planning
Activate Plan Integration for Secondary Cost Elements.
!
!
!
The reconciliation account was configured in account determination for
real-time integration. You can check this in the Implementation Guide
under the following menu path:
Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global Settings
(New)
Ledgers
Real-Time Integration of Controlling with
Financial Accounting
Define Account Determination for Real-Time
Integration
!
!
!
!
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Unit 4: Profit Center Planning in New General Ledger Accounting
AC612
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Use integrated FI ! CO planning for profit center planning
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Unit Summary
Unit Summary
You should now be able to:
2009
•
Set up profit center planning
•
Use integrated FI ! CO planning for profit center planning
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Unit Summary
172
AC612
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AC612
Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge
1.
Profit centers and segments are managed. When you plan profit centers, you
do not have to enter the plan values for segments separately.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
2.
"
True
"
False
Planning data cannot be transferred from costing based profitability analysis
to Profit Center Accounting because there are no value fields in Profit Center
Accounting.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
2009
"
True
"
False
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Test Your Knowledge
AC612
Answers
1.
Profit centers and segments are managed. When you plan profit centers, you
do not have to enter the plan values for segments separately.
Answer: True
A segment is always uniquely assigned to a profit center. The plan values of
the profit center are transferred to these segments.
2.
Planning data cannot be transferred from costing based profitability analysis
to Profit Center Accounting because there are no value fields in Profit Center
Accounting.
Answer: False
Planning data can be transferred from profitability analysis to Profit Center
Accounting.
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Unit 5
Information System
Unit Overview
Standard drilldown reports are available in Profit Center Accounting. You can also
define your own reports as drilldown forms.
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you will be able to:
•
Use a drilldown report
•
Define a drilldown report yourself
•
Define your own form-based drilldown reports
Unit Contents
Lesson: Overview...............................................................176
Exercise 11: Overview .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ... .... ... .... .... .... ...185
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .196
Exercise 12: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 205
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Lesson: Overview
Lesson Overview
You are testing the reporting tools in Profit Center Accounting.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Use a drilldown report
•
Define a drilldown report yourself
Business Example
Your project team now has a clear understanding of the actual and plan data flows
in Profit Center Accounting. You now outline the options available for reporting
PCA data. You know that a number of standard reports are shipped with the SAP
system. Your team members are especially interested in analyzing plan/actual
comparisons of the profit centers they are responsible for. In addition, they would
like to drill down to the originating documents. You explain the options that are
available with the standard reports.
Figure 71: Reporting: Data Source
Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New)
Tools
Deactivate Update of Classic General Ledger (GLT0).
!
!
176
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Lesson: Overview
You also want to deactivate concurrent posting to the classic general ledger tables
after a certain time, for example, after you carry out and verify the first period-end
closing. If you write to the tables in both the classic and new general ledgers, you
generate a large number of unnecessary records. Note that it may not be possible
to activate this flag in Customizing at some point in the future.
Figure 72: Financial Statements
In the drilldown reports, as well, you can simplify the entry work significantly
by creating suitable program variants.
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Figure 73: Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison (Classic)
You can choose whether to call the drilldown report in the classic or graphical
layout in the selection screen for the report.
Figure 74: Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison (Graphical)
Of course, if the selection is identical, the results are also identical.
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Lesson: Overview
Figure 75: Navigating in Drill-Down Reporting
The drilldown reports are so flexible that they allow you to drill down to individual
Financial Accounting documents: Use the report/report interface in the results
screen. Then choose Line Items. Double-click one of the displayed document
numbers to retrieve the corresponding FI document.
Figure 76: New Drilldown Reports
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Transaction FGI0 lists the defined program variants that you can execute. But
drilldown reporting is not a new feature in SAP ERP. To get an overview of
the FI drilldown reports that you can use with the classic general ledger, start
transaction FSI0.
Figure 77: New Drilldown Reports for Profit Centers and Segments
If you only see 5 drilldown reports in report type 002 (=> reporting for table
FAGLFLEXT) after installing Enhancement Package 3, you have to import the
new
drilldown
reports
client 000 first.
Transaction
code
FGI0from
! Choose menu path Environment ! Import Reports !
Execute. On the screen that appears, select Reporting for Table FAGLFLEXT.
The new objects now appear. Select them all and execute (in the background).
Once you activate business function FIN_GL_CI_1, the new drilldown reports
in EhP3 are also available in on the SAP Easy Access screen, in the information
system for the general ledger, in the General Ledger Reports (New) folder. This
includes a new report/program (=> FAGL_PLAN_ITEMS_GL) for reading plan
line items: Accounting ! Financial Accounting ! General Ledger ! General
Ledger Reports (New) ! Line Items ! Display Plan Line Items (transaction code
FAGLP03). EhP3 also features a migration tool for transferring Report Writer
and/or Report Painter reports you used based on table GLPCT (=> summary table
from classic Cost Center Accounting) to the new general ledger, to run these
reports based on table FAGLFLEXT.
Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Information System
Report Writer/Report Painter Reports
Transfer of
Reports from Profit Center Accounting
Transfer Reports
Transaction code: FAGL_RMIGR
!
!
!
!
!
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Lesson: Overview
Figure 78: Payables and Receivables
The G/L account assignments of the standard drilldown reports are profit center
and segment. You select the ledger in the selection screen for the report. The
requirement for this drilldown report comes from (classic) profit center accounting,
which make it possible to break down a payables or receivables account by
profit center using report groups 8A98 (=> Profit Center: Receivables) and
8A99 (=> Profit Center: Payables), after you transfer the values to Profit Center
Accounting. You find these drilldown reports on the SAP Easy Access screen
under: Accounting
Financial Accounting - > General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Line Items
Open Items
….
!
!
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Figure 79: Drilldown Examples
Of course, you can also select a single vendor and break it down by profit center.
The screen shots show the classic output type.
Figure 80: Navigation Characteristic: Origin Object
To use the origin object characteristic, you first have to extend the summary
table FAGLFLEXT with the (standard) field type of the origin object (EC-PCA
=> field name ZZHOART) and then assign the field to (at least) one ledger.
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Lesson: Overview
This enhancement is available in Enhancement Package 3 and later (=> business
function FIN_GL_CI_1). If you want to evaluate the origin object characteristic
in the provided standard drilldown reports, you have to make it available as
a characteristic for selection. To enable navigation to CO Reports for Origin
Object from the report-report interface (RRI), you have to assign ABAP program
FAGL_RRI_RECON_CO in the drilldown report definition and in report
assignment (for example, using transaction code FGI0 ! Options tab ! Report
Assignment button). Note that the mentioned program, FAGL_RRI_RECON_CO,
is only available in EhP4 and later (=> business function FIN_GL_CI_2).
Figure 81: Report-Report Interface for CO Reconciliation
The portrayed receiver reports are the linked standard reports for overhead orders.
To call these receiver reports for the overhead order object (and for the other
standard CO objects available) from the RRI, you have to load/activate them. To
do so, call the following Customizing activity: Financial Accounting (New)
General Ledger Accounting (New)
Information System
Drilldown Reports
(G/L Accounts)
Report-Report Interface for CO Reconciliation
Change
Report-Report Interface for Reconciliation with Controlling. This path is available
in EhP4 and later (business function FIN_GL_CI_2).
!
!
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AC612
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AC612
Lesson: Overview
Exercise 11: Overview
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Use standard reports and check the information they contain
Business Example
You are examining the ease of use and analysis options available in the profit
center reports in the new general ledger.
Task 1:
You want to examine the functions in classic drilldown reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center Group
GROUP##
Output Type
Classic drilldown report
You
see the FIS annual reporting structure INT for profit center group
GROUP##.
2.
Navigate in the profit and loss statement down to account “Domestic
Revenues from Production”. You want to see both the names and the keys of
the accounts. Display the keys and names for the hierarchy.
3.
You find it too complicated to navigate within the hierarchy of the financial
statements. You want to see a flat list of account numbers instead of the
hierarchy.
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
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4.
Display the hierarchy again.
5.
You want to change the sequence of the navigation characteristics. You
want the following characteristics to appear at the top of the list: Bal/P&L
- Item/Account, Profit Center, and Partner Profit Center. You can arrange
the other characteristics in any order you wish.
6.
You want to switch the view of the financial statement structure with the
view of profit center group GROUP##.
7.
You want to see the balance sheet and P&L structure for profit center 612##.
8.
Analyze sales on account 800000. You then want to display the
corresponding line items in Financial Accounting and navigate down to the
source document. Then return to the original report.
9.
You only want to see the balance sheet changes (3020000) as part of the
hierarchy. Restrict the hierarchy view accordingly.
10. You want to analyze the account for consumption of unfinished products
(890000) in more detail - it was posted to during the goods issue charged to
the production order. Which is the partner profit center?
Task 2:
You want to examine the functions in graphical drilldown reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
1
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
GROUP00
Output Type
Graphical Report Output
You see the FIS annual reporting structure INT for profit center group
GROUP00.
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Overview
2.
3.
Navigate in the profit and loss statement down to account Domestic Revenues
from Production. You want to see both the names and the keys of the
accounts. Display the keys and names for the hierarchy.
You find it too complicated to navigate within the hierarchy of the financial
statements. You want to see a flat list of account numbers instead of the
hierarchy.
4.
Display the hierarchy again.
5.
You want to switch the view of the financial statement structure with the
view of profit center group GROUP00.
6.
You want to see the balance sheet and P&L structure for profit center 612##.
7.
Analyze sales on account 800000. You then want to display the
corresponding line items in Financial Accounting and navigate down to the
original document. Then return to the original report.
8.
You only want to see the balance sheet changes (3020000) as part of the
hierarchy. Restrict the hierarchy view accordingly.
9.
You want to analyze the account for consumption of unfinished products
(890000) in more detail - it was posted to during the goods issue charged to
the production order. Which is the partner profit center?
Task 3:
You want to analyze accounts receivable postings at the profit center level.
1.
Call the Receivables: Profit Center report with the following data:
Customer Account
T-CSD00 to T-CSD18
Company Code
1000
Open on Key Date
Today’s date
ControllArea
1000
Hier. Profit Center:
AC612
Output Type
Classic Drilldown Report
You see all the receivables on the screen.
2.
Drill down this amount with the Profit Center characteristic.
3.
Display the customer for profit center 612##.
4.
Display the document numbers for customer T-CSD##.
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Task 4:
You want to analyze accounts payable postings at the profit center level.
1.
Call the Payables: Profit Center report with the following data:
Vendor Account
T-K500A00 to T-K500A18 and
1000
Company Code
1000
Open on Key Date
Today’s date
ControllArea
1000
Hier. Profit Center:
AC612
Classic Drilldown Report
Output Type
You see all the payables on the screen.
188
2.
Drill down this amount with the Profit Center characteristic.
3.
Display the vendors for profit center 611##.
4.
Display the document numbers for vendor T-K500A##.
5.
From this view, display the document numbers for vendor 1000.
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Lesson: Overview
Solution 11: Overview
Task 1:
You want to examine the functions in classic drilldown reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
0
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center Group
GROUP##
Output Type
Classic drilldown report
You see the FIS annual reporting structure INT for profit center group
GROUP##.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
2.
Navigate in the profit and loss statement down to account “Domestic
Revenues from Production”. You want to see both the names and the keys of
the accounts. Display the keys and names for the hierarchy.
a)
3.
Choose Settings
!
Characteristic Display and set the keys and names.
You now also see account number 800000.
You find it too complicated to navigate within the hierarchy of the financial
statements. You want to see a flat list of account numbers instead of the
hierarchy.
a)
Choose Edit
Hierarchy Selection and choose No Hierarchy. You
now see a list of account numbers, without a hierarchy.
!
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
4.
Display the hierarchy again.
a)
5.
!
Select and choose the INT hierarchy. The
Choose Navigate
Sort Characteristics. Enter the sequence of
numbers accordingly.
!
Single-click the Profit Center field and then the Bal/P&L –
Item/Account field. You see the administration and production profit
centers in GROUP##.
You want to see the balance sheet and P&L structure for profit center 612##.
a)
8.
!
You want to switch the view of the financial statement structure with the
view of profit center group GROUP##.
a)
7.
Choose Edit
Hierarchy
hierarchy appears again.
You want to change the sequence of the navigation characteristics. You
want the following characteristics to appear at the top of the list: Bal/P&L
- Item/Account, Profit Center, and Partner Profit Center. You can arrange
the other characteristics in any order you wish.
a)
6.
AC612
Single-click the Bal/P&L - Item/Account and select the line with profit
center 612##. You see the financial statement for profit center 612##.
Analyze sales on account 800000. You then want to display the
corresponding line items in Financial Accounting and navigate down to the
source document. Then return to the original report.
a)
Drill
down
the and
hierarchy
accountCall
800000.
Position
the cursor
on actual
sales
choosetoGoto
Report....
Choose
the G/L
Account Line Item Display report. From the line item list, choose
Environment
Display Document. Choose Goto
Document
Overview to display the full document. From here, choose Environment
Document Environment
Source Document to display the billing
document from R-F1##.
!
!
!
!
!
Then return to the original report.
9.
You only want to see the balance sheet changes (3020000) as part of the
hierarchy. Restrict the hierarchy view accordingly.
a)
Click the node for balance sheet changes (3020000). Choose Navigate
Hierarchy
Set Focus.
!
!
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Overview
10. You want to analyze the account for consumption of unfinished products
(890000) in more detail - it was posted to during the goods issue charged to
the production order. Which is the partner profit center?
a)
Single-click the Partner Profit Center navigation characteristic. Select
the line with the account Consumption Unfinished Goods (890000).
The partner profit center is 1010.
Hint: The partner profit center comes from the material master
of semifinished goods for pump R-F1##. The material numbers
are R-B1##, R-B2##, R-B3##, and R-B4##.
Task 2:
You want to examine the functions in graphical drilldown reporting.
1.
Go to the information system for the new general ledger and call the
report Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance with the following
parameters:
Currency Type
10
Company Code
1000
Ledger
0L
Controlling Area
1000
FIS Annual Rep.Struc
INT
Plan Version
1
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Profit Center
GROUP00
Output Type
Graphical Report Output
You see the FIS annual reporting structure INT for profit center group
GROUP00.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
Information
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Reports for Profit Center
Accounting
Profit Center Group: Plan/Actual/Variance.
!
!
!
!
!
!
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
2.
AC612
Navigate in the profit and loss statement down to account Domestic Revenues
from Production. You want to see both the names and the keys of the
accounts. Display the keys and names for the hierarchy.
a)
Choose Settings
Characteristic Display and set the keys and names.
You now also see account number 800000.
!
3.
You find it too complicated to navigate within the hierarchy of the financial
statements. You want to see a flat list of account numbers instead of the
hierarchy.
a)
4.
!
Double-click the Profit Center field. You see the administration and
production profit center in GROUP00.
You want to see the balance sheet and P&L structure for profit center 612##.
a)
7.
Choose Edit
Hierarchy Selection and choose the INT hierarchy. The
hierarchy appears again.
You want to switch the view of the financial statement structure with the
view of profit center group GROUP00.
a)
6.
!
Display the hierarchy again.
a)
5.
Choose Edit
Hierarchy Selection and choose No Hierarchy. You
now see a list of account numbers, without a hierarchy.
Drag profit center 612## to the Bal/P&L - Item/Account navigation
characteristic. You see the financial statement for profit center 612##.
Analyze sales on account 800000. You then want to display the
corresponding line items in Financial Accounting and navigate down to the
original document. Then return to the original report.
a)
Drill down the hierarchy to account 800000. Position the cursor
on actual sales and choose Goto
Call Report.... Choose the G/L
Account Line Item Display report. From the line item list, choose
Environment
Display Document. Choose Goto
Document
Overview to display the full document. From here, choose Environment
Document Environment
Source Document to display the billing
document from R-F1##.
!
!
!
8.
!
!
Then return to the original report.
You only want to see the balance sheet changes (3020000) as part of the
hierarchy. Restrict the hierarchy view accordingly.
a)
Click the node for balance sheet changes (3020000). Click the
Hierarchy... icon and then the Set Focus icon. You now only see the
balance sheet changes.
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Overview
9.
You want to analyze the account for consumption of unfinished products
(890000) in more detail - it was posted to during the goods issue charged to
the production order. Which is the partner profit center?
a)
Drag the Stock Changes of Unfinished Products (890000) to the Partner
Profit Center navigation characteristic. The partner profit center is
1010.
Hint: The partner profit center comes from the material master
of semifinished goods for pump R-F1##. The material numbers
are R-B1##, R-B2##, R-B3##, and R-B4##.
Task 3:
You want to analyze accounts receivable postings at the profit center level.
1.
Call the Receivables: Profit Center report with the following data:
Customer Account
T-CSD00 to T-CSD18
Company Code
1000
Open on Key Date
Today’s date
ControllArea
1000
Hier. Profit Center:
AC612
Output Type
Classic Drilldown Report
You see all the receivables on the screen.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Line Items
Receivables: Profit Center
!
!
!
!
!
!
Information
Open Items
!
2.
Drill down this amount with the Profit Center characteristic.
a)
3.
Display the customer for profit center 612##.
a)
4.
Choose the Profit Center characteristic and then select the line with
account 140000.
Choose the Customer characteristic and then select the line with profit
center 612##.
Display the document numbers for customer T-CSD##.
a)
Choose the Document Number characteristic and then select the line
with customer T-CSD##.
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Task 4:
You want to analyze accounts payable postings at the profit center level.
1.
Call the Payables: Profit Center report with the following data:
Vendor Account
T-K500A00 to T-K500A18 and
1000
Company Code
1000
Open on Key Date
Today’s date
ControllArea
1000
Hier. Profit Center:
AC612
Classic Drilldown Report
Output Type
You see all the payables on the screen.
a)
Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Ledger
System
General Ledger Reports (New)
Line Items
Payables: Profit Center
!
!
!
!
!
!
Information
Open Items
!
2.
Drill down this amount with the Profit Center characteristic.
a)
3.
Display the vendors for profit center 611##.
a)
4.
Choose the Document Number characteristic and then select the line
with customer T-K500A##.
From this view, display the document numbers for vendor 1000.
a)
194
Choose the Vendor characteristic and then select the line with profit
center 611##.
Vendors 1000 and T-K500A## have been posted to.
Display the document numbers for vendor T-K500A##.
a)
5.
Choose the Profit Center characteristic and then select the line with
account 160000.
Click the
icon and choose vendor 1000 from the selection list.
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AC612
Lesson: Overview
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Use a drilldown report
•
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Define a drilldown report yourself
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Lesson Overview
You want to define a form-based drilldown report for profit center evaluations.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Define your own form-based drilldown reports
Business Example
Your company's management wants to know about the options for writing custom
reports.
Figure 82: Interactive Reporting: Drilldown Reporting
Drilldown reporting allows you to analyze your data according to different
characteristics and key figures.
196
•
Characteristics are non-numeric fields. They represent the criteria according
to which you can select data records. Examples of characteristics include
controlling area, fiscal year, and profit center. Characteristic values are the
instances of these characteristics, such as fiscal year 2008, 2009, and so on.
•
Key figures are numerical fields that you can analyze in your reports.
Examples of key figures are expenses and revenues or balance sheet balances
in a certain currency.
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
You can analyze a number of key figures for a single combination of characteristic
values as well as single key figures for a number of combinations of characteristic
values. A combination of characteristic values is generally referred to as an
"object" (example: profit center X, revenue/cost element 400000 in period 6).
Figure 83: The Concept of Drilldown Reporting
Drilldown reporting lets you use the same graphical user interface as the Report
Painter for defining the basic structure of your reports. You can then apply this
structure, or form, to any number of drilldown reports.
Drilldown reporting provides you with a number of user-friendly functions for
navigating through your reports, limit your analysis to a single characteristic
value, or summarize the data for all values of a characteristic.
If the report refers to table FAGLFLEXT, the characteristics in that table determine
how your data can be classified. Examples of characteristics include the SAP
organizational units company code and business area. The time reference (fiscal
year, period) is also a characteristic.
Your application contains a number of key figures that may be relevant for
analysis purposes. Key figures include not only stored values and quantities,
but also values that are calculated from them, based on formulas which you can
define. Examples of key figures:
2009
•
Value: Expenses, sales, sales deductions
•
Calculation: Sales per employee, return on investment, cash flow
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Figure 84: Functions in Drilldown Reporting
The functions of drilldown reporting are divided into three levels so that you can
give each user only those functions that he or she requires.
Level 1 contains the basic functions of drilldown reporting, plus it lets you send
reports by SAPmail. This level is designed for users who do not require the full
functionality of drilldown reporting.
Level 2 contains the rest of the drilldown functions, plus it lets you display
graphics and download reports to Microsoft Excel.
All functions offers you all the functions in drilldown reporting, including
the print setup function and the functions for saving report data and defining
exceptions. This level is designed for users who need to print and modify reports
in addition to all the interactive drilldown functions.
You can define the desired level for each user by entering the parameter RLV (0 =
All functions, 1 = Level 1, 2 = Level 2) in his or her user parameters.
The individual function levels are subjected to an authorization check.
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Figure 85: Formatting Options
You can configure many settings from within the displayed report, to display and
print out data. You can use these settings to change the currency, characteristics
displayed, totals row, sort functions (such as 'Sort Columns'), layout (for example,
cumulated display on/off), and various print settings.
Currency: You can use this function to translate the currency displayed for the
selected currency column(s) to a different currency. The currency translation
key is used to automatically find the exchange rate. You define the currency
translation keys in Customizing.
Sort: You can use this function to sort the rows in your report list in ascending
or descending order (based on the values in the selected row(s)). You always
sort the rows in the column or column block on which your cursor is currently
positioned. The system displays a dialog box in which you can decide whether
you want to sort the column or column block alphabetically according to the key
or text of the characteristic values, the key figure or, where applicable, a hierarchy
or hierarchy display.
Number Format: Enables you to change the number format and the sign for
individual columns. The available settings depend on the report and type of list
displayed.
You can create custom layouts for report forms. These layouts are often used for
official reports and are especially suited for printing.
Drilldown reports are based on forms, which are separate objects that can be used
for a number of reports. There are different types of forms, which differ in terms
of what elements are defined in their structures.
If you want to delete a report you can do this from the change transaction. If
you want to delete an entire group of reports, however, it is easier to do so in
Customizing.
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Figure 86: Variables: Overview
Variables allow you more flexibility to define your forms and reports. Variables
are report or form parameters that you do not want to specify until you define
or execute a report. You can use different methods for replacing variables.
Depending on how often you want to use them, you can define your variables
globally or locally.
If you want to create a variable that you only need in one particular form or report,
you can create a local variable. Local variables are only known within the relevant
form or report. If you define a local variable in a form, it is also valid for every
report that uses the form.
In contrast, if you define a variable in the report definition, it is only valid for that
one report. If you use a variable frequently, you can define it globally. This makes
it possible to use global variables in all your forms and reports. Global variables
are maintained in Customizing. If you then want to use global variables in a form
or in a report, these are displayed for selection in the input help.
Hint: If you change a global variable that is already being used in forms
or reports, this affects every form and every report that uses that variable.
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Figure 87: Architecture of Drilldown Report
You can use characteristics, key figures, and forms to define a report. The result
when you display the report is a number of lists and graphics that you can display
and analyze interactively.
A form determines the content and the formal structure of a report list. A form
us a semifinished report, which you complete by specifying characteristics and
key figures when you define the individual report. You can specify characteristics
both in the form and in the report. Key figures, however, can only be contained in
either the form or the report.
Drilldown reporting in Profit Center Accounting provides easy-to-use functions
for navigating through the dataset. For example, you can move from one segment
to the next level or the next segment at the same level, deactivate a level of the
drilldown hierarchy, and switch between detail lists and overview lists. You also
have a number of other functions available for editing online reports (conditions,
sort orders, ranking lists, and so on). And you can send report lists by fax or
electronic mail, or download them to Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel.
In addition to the various interactive functions for online lists, drilldown reporting
also provides special functions for defining the report layout for printing (page
breaks, headers and footers, underscores, and more).
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Figure 88: Different Types of Forms
There are three types of forms:
•
One axis without key figure.
–
•
list, the system displays a blank list with columns.
One axis with key figure.
–
•
In a form with one axis and without the key figure, you define either
the rows or the columns using characteristics. When you press Basic
In a form with one axis and with the key figure, you define either the
rows or the columns using characteristics and key figures. When you
choose Basic list, the system displays a blank list with rows.
Two axes with key figure.
–
In a form with two axes and with the key figure, you define both the
rows and the columns using characteristics and key figures. When
you press Basic list, the system displays a blank list with both rows
and columns. You can decide whether the key figures should appear
in the rows or the columns, depending on what you want to report.
Characteristics can be displayed in both the rows and the columns.
To create a form, enter a name and the required type of form.
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Figure 89: Drill-Down Reporting
The above diagram shows a graphical drilldown report with the following output
areas: Info, Navigation, Drilldown, and Detail.
Another output area is the Business Graphics, which is not shown here. You
can use the HTML templates provided by SAP for the Info output area, or you
can define your own HTML templates.
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Unit 5: Information System
204
AC612
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Exercise 12: Reporting with Drilldown
Reporting
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Define form reports
Business Example
You need a management report based on profit centers to calculate
performance-based bonus payments. You create a report that displays the plan
and actual data.
Task 1:
Bonus payments for the profit center manager are dependent on two contribution
margin levels. The first contribution margin level is calculated as sales minus the
costs of goods manufactured for those sales (COSG = cost of goods sold). For
the second contribution margin level, you also deduct the allocated administration
costs.
You define a form that maps these two contribution margins and allows a
plan/actual comparison. You see an overview first.
Lead Column
ACT.
PLAN
VAR ABS
Sales Volumes
COGS
Contribution
Margin 1
Administration
costs
Contribution
Margin 2
1.
Define form AC612## with the name Contribution Margin in the
Implementation Guide. To do so, use form type FAGLFLEXS (reporting
for table FAGLFLEXT). Use Two Coordinates (Matrix) as the structure.
2.
Define the first row of the form.
Double-click Row 1 and choose Characteristics Overview. Choose Account
Number from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Chart of Accounts
INT
Account Number
800000
Enter Sales as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the row
definition.
3.
Next, define the second row of the form.
Double-click Row 2 and choose Characteristics Overview. Choose Account
Number from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Chart of Accounts
INT
Account Number
893015
Enter COGS as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the row
definition.
4.
Next, define the third row of the form.
Double-click Row 3 and choose Formula. You want the formula to balance
sales with the cost of goods sold. Note that sales are posted with a minus
sign in the system.
Enter Contribution Margin 1 as the short, medium, and long texts
and confirm the row definition.
5.
Next, define the fourth row of the form.
Double-click Row 4 and choose Characteristics Overview. Choose Account
Number from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Chart of Accounts
INT
Account Number
4990##
Enter Administration as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm
the row definition.
6.
Next, define the fifth row of the form.
Double-click Row 4 and choose Formula. You want the formula to balance
contribution margin 1 and the administration costs.
Enter Contribution Margin 2 as the short, medium, and long texts
and confirm the row definition.
7.
Next, define the first column of the form.
Double-click Column 1 and choose Key Figure with Characteristics. Press
F4 and select the UMPER (Period Balance) key figure.
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
To display this column in the Actual Data column, select Ledger and Record
Type from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Ledger
0L
Record Type
0 and 2
Enter ACTUAL as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the column
definition.
8.
Next, define the second column of the form.
Double-click Column 2 and choose Key Figure with Characteristics. Press
F4 and select the UMPER (Period Balance) key figure.
To display this column in the Plan Data column, select Ledger, Record
Type, and Version from the list of available characteristics and enter the
following data:
Ledger
0L
Record Type
1 and 3
Version
Global Variable 1PV
Enter PLAN as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the column
definition.
9.
Next, define the third column of the form.
Double-click Column 3 and choose Formula. You want this formula to
balance the plan and actual data.
Enter VAR SLS as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the
column definition.
10. Delete the fourth column and save the form.
Task 2:
You want to define a drilldown report that is based on the data from the form.
1.
Define a drilldown report called AC612## (Profit Center Contribution
Margin) that is based on form AC612##, which you defined in the previous
step. The report type is Reporting for Table FAGLFLEXT.
2.
Define the report characteristics.
Currency and Currency Type are already selected on the Characteristics
tab. Enter currency type 10 as a fixed value. Add the Profit Center and
Controlling Area characteristics to the list of selected characteristics.
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Enter controlling area 1000 as a fixed value. Define the profit center as a
local variable called PRCTR.
3.
Define the variable instance.
The Variables tab already has the Plan Version preselected. A drilldown
report already knows all the variables that originate in the form. Enter 0 as
the default value. Enter 612## as the default value for the Profit Center field.
The user is to be able to change both these default values when calling the
report.
4.
Specify the output type.
You want to set the output type to classic drilldown report starting with the
detail list. Users are to be able to select the output types themselves.
5.
Maintain the report-report interface.
You want to enable the following navigation:
Segment: Plan/Actual/Variance (report type: drilldown report)
G/L Account Line Item List (report type: ABAP report,
FAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL)
Task 3:
Call up the report you just created.
1.
Use transaction code FGI0 to call up the report. Enter the following data on
the selection screen:
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Company Code
1000
The profit center, plan version, and output type (classic drilldown report)
have default settings from the report definition.
Analyze the data and check the report-report interface.
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Solution 12: Reporting with Drilldown
Reporting
Task 1:
Bonus payments for the profit center manager are dependent on two contribution
margin levels. The first contribution margin level is calculated as sales minus the
costs of goods manufactured for those sales (COSG = cost of goods sold). For
the second contribution margin level, you also deduct the allocated administration
costs.
You define a form that maps these two contribution margins and allows a
plan/actual comparison. You see an overview first.
Lead Column
ACT.
PLAN
VAR ABS
Sales Volumes
COGS
Contribution
Margin 1
Administration
costs
Contribution
Margin 2
1.
Define form AC612## with the name Contribution Margin in the
Implementation Guide. To do so, use form type FAGLFLEXS (reporting
for table FAGLFLEXT). Use Two Coordinates (Matrix) as the structure.
a)
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
General
Ledger Accounting (New)
Information System
Drilldown Reports
(G/L Accounts)
Form
Specify Form. Then choose Create Form.
!
!
!
2.
!
!
Define the first row of the form.
Double-click Row 1 and choose Characteristics Overview. Choose Account
Number from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Chart of Accounts
INT
Account Number
800000
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Enter Sales as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the row
definition.
a)
Select the first row. Choose the
characteristic to the form.
To edit the texts, choose the
3.
icon to add an available
icon.
Next, define the second row of the form.
Double-click Row 2 and choose Characteristics Overview. Choose Account
Number from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Chart of Accounts
INT
Account Number
893015
Enter COGS as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the row
definition.
a)
Double-click the second row. Choose the
characteristic to the form.
To edit the texts, choose the
4.
icon to add an available
icon.
Next, define the third row of the form.
Double-click Row 3 and choose Formula. You want the formula to balance
sales with the cost of goods sold. Note that sales are posted with a minus
sign in the system.
Enter Contribution Margin 1 as the short, medium, and long texts
and confirm the row definition.
a)
Double-click the third row. You can include any rows and columns that
you have already defined in the formula editor. The formula is Sales +
COGS (Y001 + Y002). The addition is needed due to the minus sign.
When you confirm the formula, you can enter short, medium, and
long texts.
5.
Next, define the fourth row of the form.
Double-click Row 4 and choose Characteristics Overview. Choose Account
Number from the list of available characteristics and enter the following data:
Chart of Accounts
INT
Account Number
4990##
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Enter Administration as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm
the row definition.
a)
Double-click the fourth row. Choose the
characteristic to the form.
To edit the texts, choose the
6.
icon to add an available
icon.
Next, define the fifth row of the form.
Double-click Row 4 and choose Formula. You want the formula to balance
contribution margin 1 and the administration costs.
Enter Contribution Margin 2 as the short, medium, and long texts
and confirm the row definition.
a)
Double-click the fifth row. You can include any rows and columns
that you have already defined in the formula editor. The formula is
Contribution Margin 1 + Administration (Y003 + Y004) . The
addition is needed due to the minus sign.
When you confirm the formula, you can enter short, medium, and
long texts.
7.
Next, define the first column of the form.
Double-click Column 1 and choose Key Figure with Characteristics. Press
F4 and select the UMPER (Period Balance) key figure.
To
display
thislist
column
in the Actual
Data column,
select
and data:
Record
Type
from the
of available
characteristics
and enter
theLedger
following
Ledger
0L
Record Type
0 and 2
Enter ACTUAL as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the column
definition.
a)
Double-click the first column. Choose the
characteristic to the form.
icon to add an available
To use multiple selection for a characteristic, choose the
To edit the texts, choose the
8.
icon.
icon.
Next, define the second column of the form.
Double-click Column 2 and choose Key Figure with Characteristics. Press
F4 and select the UMPER (Period Balance) key figure.
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
To display this column in the Plan Data column, select Ledger, Record
Type, and Version from the list of available characteristics and enter the
following data:
Ledger
0L
Record Type
1 and 3
Version
Global Variable 1PV
Enter PLAN as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the column
definition.
a)
Double-click the second column. Choose the
available characteristic to the form.
icon to add an
To use multiple selection for a characteristic, choose the
icon.
To use a variable for the characteristic, set the checkmark in the column
with the
icon.
To edit the texts, choose the
9.
icon.
Next, define the third column of the form.
Double-click Column 3 and choose Formula. You want this formula to
balance the plan and actual data.
Enter VAR SLS as the short, medium, and long texts and confirm the
column definition.
a)
Double-click the third column. You can include any rows and columns
that you have already defined in the formula editor. The formula is
PLAN - ACTUAL (X002 - X001).
When you confirm the formula, you can enter short, medium, and
long texts.
10. Delete the fourth column and save the form.
a)
Select the column header of the fourth column and then choose the
icon.
Continued on next page
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Task 2:
You want to define a drilldown report that is based on the data from the form.
1.
Define a drilldown report called AC612## (Profit Center Contribution
Margin) that is based on form AC612##, which you defined in the previous
step. The report type is Reporting for Table FAGLFLEXT.
a)
Implementation Guide: Financial Accounting (New)
General
Ledger Accounting (New)
Information System
Drilldown Reports
(G/L Accounts)
Report
Define Report
!
!
!
!
!
Now choose Create Report.
2.
Define the report characteristics.
Currency and Currency Type are already selected on the Characteristics
tab. Enter currency type 10 as a fixed value. Add the Profit Center and
Controlling Area characteristics to the list of selected characteristics.
Enter controlling area 1000 as a fixed value. Define the profit center as a
local variable called PRCTR.
a)
Choose the
icon to adopt the characteristics.
To define a variable for the characteristic, set the checkmark in the
column with the
icon. In this case, you want to use a local variable
instead of one of predefined global variables, so enter PRCTR in the
3.
Local Variable field.
Define the variable instance.
The Variables tab already has the Plan Version preselected. A drilldown
report already knows all the variables that originate in the form. Enter 0 as
the default value. Enter 612## as the default value for the Profit Center field.
The user is to be able to change both these default values when calling the
report.
a)
4.
Enter the values as described.
Specify the output type.
You want to set the output type to classic drilldown report starting with the
detail list. Users are to be able to select the output types themselves.
a)
5.
Go to the Output Type tab. Select the Classic Drilldown Report, Basic
List: Detail, and Selectable on Selection Screen fields.
Maintain the report-report interface.
You want to enable the following navigation:
Continued on next page
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Unit 5: Information System
AC612
Segment: Plan/Actual/Variance (report type: drilldown report)
G/L Account Line Item List (report type: ABAP report,
FAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL)
a)
Go to the Options tab. Choose the Report assignment icon.
Click
to insert a new receiver report.
You can enter drilldown reports directly. To include other report types,
choose the Other Report Type icon.
Task 3:
Call up the report you just created.
1.
Use transaction code FGI0 to call up the report. Enter the following data on
the selection screen:
Fiscal Year
Current fiscal year
From Period
1
To Period
12
Company Code
1000
The
center,
planfrom
version,
and output
type (classic drilldown report)
haveprofit
default
settings
the report
definition.
Analyze the data and check the report-report interface.
a)
214
Analyze any data you wish.
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AC612
Lesson: Reporting with Drilldown Reporting
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Define your own form-based drilldown reports
2009
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Unit Summary
AC612
Unit Summary
You should now be able to:
216
•
Use a drilldown report
•
Define a drilldown report yourself
•
Define your own form-based drilldown reports
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AC612
Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge
1.
The new general ledger only has account-based and profit center-based
standard reports.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
2.
"
True
"
False
Profit Center Accounting has reports that were created with Report Painter /
Report Writer, as well as form-based drilldown reports.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
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"
True
"
False
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Test Your Knowledge
AC612
Answers
1.
The new general ledger only has account-based and profit center-based
standard reports.
Answer: False
You can also use segment-based reports.
2.
Profit Center Accounting has reports that were created with Report Painter /
Report Writer, as well as form-based drilldown reports.
Answer: True
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AC612
Course Summary
Course Summary
You should now be able to:
•
Name the benefits of using the new General Ledger Accounting for Profit
Center Accounting
•
Set up Profit Center Accounting in SAP ERP Financials with the new
General Ledger Accounting activated
•
Create your own profit center reports in the new General Ledger Accounting
Related Information
Recommended Follow-Up Activities
2009
•
Go through the exercises using IDES data or your own data
•
Read the online documentation.
•
Read the Implementation Guide (IMG).
•
Read the Release Notes.
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Course Summary
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AC612
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Appendix 1
Special Cases for Profit Center Derivation
Figure 90: MM Goods Movement
The graphic illustrates how the system determines the profit center for an MM
goods movement. The data in the MM document is posted in Profit Center
Accounting to the profit center determined by the system.
As you can see from the graphic, the profit center for an MM goods movement
can be determined either dynamically or indirectly via the preceding document.
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Appendix 1: Special Cases for Profit Center Derivation
AC612
Figure 91: Invoice Receipt
The graphic illustrates how the system determines the profit center for an
MM invoice receipt. The data in the MM document is posted in Profit Center
Accounting to the profit center determined by the system.
When a goods receipt posting is made, the profit center is always determined
indirectly via the preceding document.
Figure 92: SD Billing Document
The graphic illustrates how the system determines the profit center for a billing
document. The data in the billing document is posted in Profit Center Accounting
to the profit center determined by the system.
For a billing document, the profit center is - with one exception - always
determined indirectly via the preceding document.
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AC612
Appendix 1: Special Cases for Profit Center Derivation
The exception to this rule is a billing document with valuated project stock. With
this type of billing document, the profit center is determined dynamically from the
WBS element contained in the actual billing document.
With cross-company transactions, the sales order item always contains the
supplying profit center.
This profit center is used both for the internal settlement and the goods issue (see
normal case in the graphic).
The profit center making the sale must be determined using a substitution when
the customer billing document is created (see cross-company transaction in
the graphic).
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Appendix 1: Special Cases for Profit Center Derivation
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Feedback
SAP AG has made every effort in the preparation of this course to ensure the
accuracy and completeness of the materials. If you have any corrections or
suggestions for improvement, please record them in the appropriate place in the
course evaluation.
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