TONGKAT ALI – Everything You Need To Know About This Natural Testosterone Booster by Sam Lee Harrison Pure Science Supplements Pte Ltd Table of Contents TONGKAT ALI - Origin, Characteristics, Climate and Availability HOW IS TONGKAT ALI VITAL TO YOUR TESTOSTERONE HEALTH WHY TONGKAT ALI IS IMPORTANT IN SLOWING DOWN AGEING TONGKAT ALI …THE ANSWER TO A MAN’S PRAYER? TONGKAT ALI SUCCESS STORIES DO NOT BUY TONGKAT ALI UNTIL YOU HAVE READ THIS TONGKAT ALI – Everything You Need To Know About This Natural Testosterone Booster Copyright: Pure Science Supplements Pte Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this Publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, copied in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, resold or otherwise transmitted without written permission from the publisher. You must not circulate this book in any format. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. HOW TO USE THIS BOOK This book is written for the purpose of providing in-depth information about the herb, Eurycoma Longifolia. It is widely known as ‘Tongkat Ali’ for its most appealing and popular healing properties, one of which is linked to the male libido especially for men over 40. It is for this reason that I shall refer to the herb as Tongkat Ali throughout the book. Each chapter of this book focuses on an aspect of Tongkat Ali’s healing property for both man and woman that has been scientifically researched upon and proven. I started this journey researching the subject of declining male libido for men above 40 few years ago when I took an interest in Tongkat Ali with its promise of regained sex drive, renewed energy and cure to diseases. Being a happily married man in my 50s, a healthy mind, body and sexual energy are on the top of my list. I have discovered that the root of my problem is linked to the male hormone testosterone, which not only resulted in the deteriorating sexual condition as I age, but is responsible for my overall health and well-being. As I go deeper into my research on Tongkat Ali, I realized that it not only helps me reclaim my libido, but also its tremendous impact on healthy level of testosterone in the body. The book hopes to serve you as a reference on everything about this natural dynamo with its scientifically proven property in boosting testosterone, a key hormone that is vital not only to pro-creation, but both men and women (you will discover that women need testosterone too). I have also written a chapter on how to carefully select the most potent and authentic Tongkat Ali to help you acquire the best in the market. I hope you enjoy reading the book as it has been a pleasure writing it, in my quest to find the best natural, safe and affordable path for a healthy mind, body and sexuality so let’s get started! INTRODUCTION Mother Nature has presented us with millions of species of trees, plants and herbs that not only serve as a beauty to the eye but most importantly as cures, healers and nutrients that are vital to the human body. Since the existence of mankind, natural therapy in the form of natural herbal supplement has been practiced in many countries around the world. It is believed that every herb is a cure for an ailment, or simply provides an extra boost to improve bodily functions including ageing. Different parts of the herb may contain active compounds to aid in curing or improving a health condition or simply, to maintain a healthy well-being. However, the use of herbs as tonic and supplement needs to be backed up by solid scientific research and approach to avoid complications and undesirable effects related to toxicity and chemical reaction when in contact with the human body. CHAPTER 1 TONGKAT ALI - Origin, Characteristics, Climate and Availability Tongkat Ali, botanically known as Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) is arguably Mother Nature’s most powerful aphrodisiac. It can be found throughout the jungles of Southeast Asia namely Malaysia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Indochina, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and the Philippines. Amongst its Asian names are tongkat baginda, pasak bumi, penawar pahit and bidara laut in Indonesian and Malay, bahi kurus in Javanese, piak and tung saw in Thai, cay ba binh in Vietnamese and tho nan in Laotia. The Malay name ‘Tongkat Ali’ originated owing to the herb’s most popular medicinal property at increasing sex drive. ‘Tongkat’ in the herb’s context means a superior walking stick that helps boost a Man’s, in this case, virility. Tongkat Ali is a flowering plant (angiosperm) belonging to the Simaroubaceae family. Angiosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants with flowers as their reproductive structure in which the ovules are enclosed in an ovary. They are found in almost every habitat from grasslands to deserts and forests. Angiosperms come in a variety of forms including trees, herbs, submerged aquatics, bulbs and epiphytes. The largest plant families are orchids, legumes (beans) and compositae (daisies). To-date, there is an estimated of over 350,000 species of flowering plants or angiosperms. Tongkat Ali grows in the under storey of lowland forests and typically survives on a wide variety of soils but thrives better in an acidic, welldrained soil. It grows to a height of about 12 meters, generally without or at most one to two branches. It has pinnate leaves about 1 meter in length that tend to crowd towards the end of the branches. One of the characteristics of the stem is noticeable scars are often found where the lower leaves fall off. Each leaf has about 20 to 30 leaflets, in almost opposite pairs of dark green with an ovate-lanceolate shape, ending with one leaflet at the tip of the leaf. Being a flowering plant (angiosperm), Tongkat Ali bears either male (with sterile pistil) or female flowers (with sterile stamens). Each flower has a green calyx lobe with five red petals. The fruit is an oval-shaped drupe and yellowish-brown in colour. The flowers are borne on densely branched clusters, about 60 to 70cm in length from the leaf axils. In the field cultivation of E. longifolia, some fast-growing shady trees usually are planted near it or it can be grown under other existing tree species. The plants can be harvested after 4 years (for the active compounds to become concentrated in the roots), when they are pulled out of the soil and have their taproots harvested. The tissue of the taproot is yellowish in colour and tastes bitter. The older E. longifolia trees are larger therefore yielding larger roots with more active compounds. The roots of Tongkat Ali contain more than 20 chemical compounds including alkaloids (11-hydroxy-9methoxycanthin-6-one), quassinoids (eurycomanone and eurycomalactone), quassinoid diterpenoids, eurycomaoside, eurycolactone, laurycolactone or eurycomalactona. Natives consider every part of Tongkat Ali containing medicinal value, but it is the roots that have been scientifically proven for its virility properties and shares the hall-of-fame with other Asian aphrodisiacs. In recent years, Tongkat Ali has become increasingly popular in the West because of its many benefits amongst which it helps to combat ageing, reduces stress and increases testosterone levels, a libidoenhancer and energy booster, and acclaimed as an anti-malarial and anti-bacterial agent. The bio-active ingredient in Tongkat Ali is present in trace quantities in its roots and the effectiveness is therefore in its root extract. Traditionally, the roots are soaked in water overnight and then boiled before being consumed. Now using modern technology, the bio-active ingredients are extracted using alcohol or water to ensure its potency which is then freeze-dried into powder. The colour of the powder extracted using alcohol is lighter than the one extracted by water due to the typical chemical reaction of heat on water. Modern science and technology have helped to ensure the potency of the extracts taking into consideration the precision of temperature, processes and overall procedures. CHAPTER 2 HOW IS TONGKAT ALI VITAL TO YOUR TESTOSTERONE HEALTH Testosterone. One look at the word and you would visualize a male with six-pack physique to die for, complete with sex appeal and matching sexual appetite. With such an image, no one would imagine a mere herb (or so we thought) like Tongkat Ali plays a significant role not only in a man’s virility, but total well-being in both a man and woman. Before understanding exactly how this amazing herb has such a powerful effect on your health, let us first understand the basics about testosterone and its importance to both men and women. Testosterone in Men Testosterone is a special kind of hormone (a chemical produced by one part of the body for use elsewhere in the body carried in the blood) called an androgen (“andro” in Greek means “man” and “gen” is derived from the Latin “genitus”) produced by the Leydig cells of male testicles released into the bloodstream and travels all over the body as far as the brain. The production of testosterone is controlled by luteinizing hormone (LH), which is produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. When normally abundant, it is at the core of energy, strength, stamina, and sexuality. When deficient, it is at the core of disease and early demise. Testosterone is the hormone that makes a man "Man", like how estrogen defines a woman. Both testosterone and estrogen are present in men and women in differing ratios, the former having testosterone as the majority whereas estrogen exist in majority in women. Men feel the effects of testosterone through two bodily mechanisms namely by the activation of the androgen receptor (DHT) and the other is by activation of estrogen receptors, which occurs when estradiol is converted. Before I elaborate further on testosterone, I would like to highlight that when discussing testosterone issues, we are talking about “free” testosterone, the ones that are not bounded to blood proteins which keep them from being transported to different parts of the body. Sexually, it is responsible for normal erections to take place and the production of mature sperm. A male reaches his peak sexual capacity in his late teens but as he grows older and eventually reaches the big 30, the effects of decreasing testosterone becomes more apparent. A gradual decrease in sexual responsiveness occurs and when this happens, it will take longer for a male to achieve full erection and maintain it. Orgasms and the feeling of ejaculatory inevitability become less intense. Semen volume decreases, which means less orgasmic pleasure. The penis turns flaccid faster after sex and it takes longer to regain another erection if at all. One of the factors that contribute to this is also the elevated level of estrogen. It makes for inconsistent and difficulty to attain erections. Not only that, libido is greatly diminished and sperm count is lowered. This is because the declining testosterone would eventually upset its balance with estrogen, resulting in estrogen being dominant. Increasing estrogen is also caused by the increase of enzyme aromatase, which converts testosterone into estradiol, an estrogen hormone. For physical health, testosterone maintains muscle mass and strength, bone mass and fat distribution. It influences new cell creation and reduces body fat in the midsection and breast. Signs of Testosterone Deficiency (including diseases) In the previous section, you have read how important a role testosterone plays in the body make-up. Maintaining the balance and optimum level of testosterone not only helps the body maintains its reproductive function, but overall health as well. The organs, systems, hormones and enzymes in our bodies exist in harmony. It is very crucial to keep them in check at all times. Giving the example of a car, a malfunction in any part of the car would result in the car breaking down and unable to operate. This is similar to the human body. Any imbalance of hormones that occur would alter or disrupt other processes down the chain. Heart Attack Deficiency in testosterone often leads to very serious ailments such as heart attack. A heart attack is brought about by the inefficiency of the good cholesterol, HDL which stands for high-density lipoprotein, whose job is to remove the bad cholesterol from the walls of arteries and transports them to the liver for disposal. Testosterone is required not only to boost the efficiency of HDL in removing the bad cholesterol from the walls of arteries, but is very important in the optimal transportation of excess cholesterol from our blood vessels and tissues to the liver for processing and disposal. In addition to that, testosterone also impairs the liver’s efficiency in breaking cholesterolladen HDL from the bloodstream, thus resulting in heart attack. Coronary Artery Disease We have known that testosterone enables HDL to remove excess cholesterol from the walls of arteries and transport to the liver for disposal – a critical role in preventing artery blockage. Low testosterone levels therefore not only present a risk of heart attack, but it would result in the build-up of bad cholesterol on the walls of arteries causing blockage, which would then lead to coronary artery disease. Chronic Heart Failure Another fatal heart-related breakdown is chronic heart failure. Typically, such individual experiences shortness of breath and intolerance for physical activities such as exercise. The ailment occurs due to prolonged inflammation which also causes muscle wasting. Testosterone has an anti-inflammatory effect and when deficient in this case, would cause heart failure. Stroke A study published by the American Heart Association in April 2004 revealed that the carotid artery (the artery which carries blood from the heart to the brain) of males with low testosterone levels thicken at a faster pace than those with high levels of testosterone. Thickening of the carotid artery handicaps its function to effectively carry blood to the brain therefore causing stroke. Decreased Sex Drive I can still remember my sex drive when I was a teenager, raised to fever pitch as I hit my 20s. But as the years passed and when finally I arrived at thirty-something, I started to notice a lack of energy especially in the bedroom. I can even remember how much I preferred a good nap versus a ‘roll and tumble’ afternoon of passion except that during those times, I did not realize that it was actually due to my declining testosterone level. Erectile Dysfunction Popularly known as ED for short, ED is the failure to convert arousing thoughts and sensations into nerve signals sent down the spinal cord to the blood vessels of the penis causing erection and direct actions within the penis to produce chemicals that contribute to creating an erection. Your sights might be stimulated by all kinds of erotic materials but somehow could not translate to an erection when this happens. Difficulty in Achieving Orgasm You may have heard the condition of pre-ejaculation which is when the guy ejaculates prematurely. There is also the other extreme end of scale which is the difficulty in achieving an orgasm. This happens when a man cannot reach his peak during sex which can result in frustration and anger not only to the man, but his sexual partner. Reduced intensity of orgasm As testosterone levels determine a healthy sex drive or declining one, low levels of it would cause a much less intensity of orgasm. Other signs of testosterone deficiency include reduced amount of ejaculatory fluid, low energy, fatigue, loss of motivation, loss of muscle strength and mass, accumulation of fat, low bone density, anemia, anemia and low fertility. Factors that Affect Levels of Testosterone The following conditions are contributing factors that affect healthy levels of testosterone to be at risk. Klinefelter Syndrome This is a condition where the male has an extra copy of the X chromosome in his genetic make-up. Hereditary Hemochromatosis A condition in which the body experiences an abnormal rate of iron absorption. Cryptorchidism In cryptorchidism, the testicles in a male infant do not descend by the time he reaches four years old. Diseases to the Hypothalamus or Pituitary Gland The hypothalamus, pituitary gland and testicles form the tag team that produces testosterone. Any diseases that impair the function of any of them would impact the level of testosterone. Injury or Tumor on the Testicles A tumor in the testicles would result in an inefficient testicle to perform its assigned functions, one of which is testosterone production. Sarcoidosis This is an inflammatory disease affecting the body’s tissues that may occur at the testicles. Other bodily factors that may contribute to the decline in testosterone level include hypertension, kidney failure, stress, smoking, obesity, and alcohol. It is good to note that although testosterone levels do affect a male’s sex drive, there are also other factors that contribute to his sex drive such as the state of the male’s cardiovascular health, stress levels, overall mental health, chronic conditions such as diabetes, diet and exercise, and sleep quality amongst others. Since testosterone plays a major role in the positive condition of these factors too, it is often concluded that testosterone is the overall critical factor in a male’s sex drive. Testosterone for Women Now that you have understood the crucial role of testosterone in males, let us take a look at its role in the female population. As explored earlier, females also produce testosterone, although at a much lower level as compared to the female hormone estrogen. Testosterone is also responsible for a woman’s sex drive and development of her female sexual reproductive system. A woman produces testosterone in the ovaries and adrenal glands in small amounts (about one-seventh the amount of testosterone that a man produces daily), just like a man produces the female hormone estrogen. By age 40, women produce about half the testosterone that a man produced in his twenties. These levels drop further when menopause arrives or if she had her ovaries removed. The benefits of a healthy testosterone level in women are similar to those in a man which include increased energy and sex drive, muscle mass and bone density, and it also heightens the sensitivity of a woman’s erogenous zones such as the nipples and clitoris to sexual pleasure. The symptoms of testosterone deficiency in women may closely resemble other conditions. In the category of sexual desire, it is documented that a woman’s sexual desire may be greatly reduced affecting genital arousal, orgasmic response and vaginal lubrication. On muscle strength and mass, it has the same effect on women as do men that is weak muscles and reduced muscle mass. Once a woman hits menopause, testosterone levels would plunge as the ovary cease to function which is also responsible for the production of testosterone. Clinical findings revealed that most of the testosterone deficiency cases experienced by women are those who hit their menopausal stage. Unlike a man’s body where an excess of testosterone is actually better for him, if a woman’s body produces excess testosterone, the most obvious sign that she would experience is an irregular menstrual cycle or even missing it completely. Other symptoms include body hair (more than the average woman), frontal balding, acne, enlarged clitoris, deepening of the voice, increased muscle mass and an infertility condition known as the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is therefore pertinent to note the balance between estrogen and testosterone levels in a woman because the former is still belongs to the androgen (male) class of hormones. Scientific Proof of Tongkat Ali's Miracle Effect on Overall Health It is now evident that testosterone plays a key role in an individual’s well-being, both man and woman. Scientifically proven to contain bio-active compounds that promotes ‘free’ testosterone, it is believed that Tongkat Ali extract’s mechanism of action is by stimulating the production of LH (luteinizing hormone) by the brain’s pituitary gland that controls the production of testosterone. Here is a record of scientific proof of Tongkat Ali’s miracle effect on testosterone level, muscle mass and virility. The abstracts and results are taken directly from the sources’ official website and authentic laboratory test reports. I decided to include them as this is the best way to prove the powerful effect Tongkat Ali has in the remedy of different conditions. The reports reflect different conditions in which Tongkat Ali help to alleviate. Tongkat Ali’s effect on muscle mass (Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine, abstract 007 http://bjsm.bmjjournals.com) The journal reported a 5% increase in lean body mass in the treatment group as compared to no significant changes in the placebo group in a double-blind placebo controlled scientific trial conducted. The journal was quoted as stating, “The mean arm circumference of the treatment group increased significantly by 1.8 cm after the supplementation, from 30.87 (1.88) to 32.67 (1.96) cm (p = 0.011), but there was no significant increase in the placebo group." Tongkat Ali’s Effect on Muscle Mass (Source: Abstract is taken from the website of British Journal of Sports Medicine. http://bjsm.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/37/5/464) Eurycoma longifolia, which contains quassinoids such as eurycomalacton, eurycomanon, and eurycomanol, has been reported to have aphrodisiac properties and to increase testosterone levels in men. Previous studies have established that the testosterone supplementation increases fat free mass, muscle strength, and muscle mass, which are important for physical function and athletic performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the increase in testosterone levels, obtained by administration of Eurycoma longifolia, on body composition and muscle strength and size in man. Fourteen healthy men performed an intense strength training programme with initial load of 60% RM (2 sets of 10 repetitions with 1 minute rest between, for 10 stations) on alternate days for five weeks. Simultaneously, seven men were randomly selected to consume 100 mg/day Eurycoma longifolia water soluble extract, and seven men received placebo. The intensity of the exercise was increased by 10% RM/week. Body composition, arm circumference, one repetition maximum (1 RM), and surface electromyography (sEMG) activity were measured and recorded one day before and after the five weeks of supplementation and intervention. The lean body mass of the treatment group showed a significant increment, from 52.26 (7.18) kg to 54.39 (7.43) kg (p = 0.012), but no significant changes in fat free mass were observed in the placebo group. Percentage body fat was significantly decreased in the treatment and placebo group, from 31.30 (5.48)% to 28.44 (6.43)% (p = 0.01) and from 22.83 (2.43)% to 21.33 (2.35)% (p = 0.001) respectively. The 1RM test showed a significant increase from 73.71 (16.63) to 78.71 (17.0) kg (p = 0.006) in the treatment group and from 77.29 (8.9) to 79.43 (8.8) kg (p = 0.011) in the placebo group. The increase in strength in the treatment group was larger than in the placebo group (6.78% and 2.77% respectively). The mean frequency of sEMG on the biceps in the treatment and placebo groups decreased significantly, from 121.77 (40.0) to 90.47 (64.6) µV (p = 0.012) and from 127.95 (30.9) to 98.8 (50.1) µV (p = 0.036) respectively. The treatment produced 2.92% greater reduction in electrical activity of the muscle measured at the end of the experiment compared with placebo. The mean arm circumference of the treatment group increased significantly by 1.8 cm after the supplementation, from 30.87 (1.88) to 32.67 (1.96) cm (p = 0.011), but there was no significant increase in the placebo group. The results suggest that water soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack increased fat free mass, reduced body fat, and increased muscle strength and size, and thus may have an ergogenic effect. Further investigations are warranted. Tongkat Ali’s Effect in Boosting Sexual Vitality (Source: The Singapore Straits Times, Feb 2003) Article: Early Results Show Men Being becomes More Virile After Taking Tongkat Ali MEN may stand a better chance of boosting their performance in the bedroom by turning to help from a plant rather than exotic remedies. Preliminary tests show that Tongkat Ali, an herbal aphrodisiac made from the root of a plant known by the same name, can add to a man's libido and sexual prowess. Known as Pasak Bumi in Indonesia , Tongkat Ali in Malaysia , and also as Eurycoma longifolia, its scientific, Latin name, the plant grows all over South-east Asia. Dr. Ismail Tambi, who heads the Human Reproduction Specialist Centre at Malaysia 's National Population and Family Development Board, said that 30 healthy males between the ages of 31 and 52 were given two capsules of Tongkat Ali a day for three weeks. They reported that their performances in bed had improved - erections were stronger and, in some cases, lasted longer. Overall, they felt more virile. Their levels of testosterone, the male hormone that plays a significant role in spurring desire and performance, doubled within three weeks. At the same time, the level of another hormone that inhibited sex fell. It is the root of Tongkat Ali that is made into a drug available in capsule, liquid and powder form. But Dr. Ismail, who is here for the seventh Asian Congress of Sexology, told The Straits Times that this was just an initial trial. Starting next year, about 200 healthy males will be involved in a much bigger trial to determine if Tongkat Ali really does the trick. Malaysians spend about RM6 billion (S$2.8 billion) a year on potions and drugs to enhance their sexual performance and the Malaysian government is planning to invest in a trial that is estimated to cost RM 500,000. The government wants to determine if this is an industry that can be nurtured and developed. While there are a few side-effects to using the herbal drug, such as headaches or flushing of the face, these fade away after a few days, said Dr. Ismail. But he warned that the medication, which is readily available in capsule, liquid and powder form, should be bought from a reputable source. Tongkat Ali’s Effect as an Aphrodisiac – Initiation of Sexual Performance of Inexperienced Castrated Male Rats (Source: Ang HH and Cheang HS, Yusof AP, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University Science Malaysia, Penang, October 2001) We studied the effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack, commonly known as Tongkat Ali in Malaysia, on the initiation of sexual performance and the weights of sexual accessories in inexperienced castrated male rats. The doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight, which were extracted from E. longifolia, were orally administered to the rats twice daily for 10 days prior to the tests and continued throughout the test period. Testosterone was used as a positive control after injecting 15 mg/kg daily subcutaneously for 32 days. Results showed that E. longifolia produced a dose-dependent increase in sexual performance of the treated animals, but the E. longifolia groups showed higher sexual performance in mounting, intromission and ejaculation than the testosterone group. Further results also showed that E. longifolia promoted the growth of both ventral prostate and seminal vesicles as compared with the control, but the growth of sexual accessories at 800 mg/kg of butanol, methanol, water and chloroform fractions of E. longifolia was less than that of testosterone treated group. The present study therefore gives further evidence of the folk use of E. longifolia as an aphrodisiac. Tongkat Ali’s Effect as an Aphrodisiac – Evaluation in Non-copulator Male Rats After Chronic Administration of Eurycoma longifolia (Source: Ang HH and Ngai TH, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University Science Malaysia, Minden, Singapore, October 2002) The aphrodisiac effect of Eurycoma longifolia (0.5 g/kg) was evaluated in non-copulator male rats using an electrical cage. Fractions of E. longifolia decreased the hesitation time of non-copulator male rats, throughout the investigation period. Furthermore, it possessed a transient increase in the percentage of the male rats responding to the right choice, more than 50% of the male rats scored "right choice" after 3 weeks post-treatment and the effect became more prominent after 8 weeks post-treatment (only 40-50% of the control male rats responded to the right choice) using the electrical copulation cage. Hence, this study lends further support to the use of the plant by indigenous populations as a traditional medicine for its aphrodisiac property. Reviews Based on Scientific Research on Tongkat Ali (Source: National Centre for Biotechnology Information http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) Numerous scientific studies have demonstrated Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) effectiveness in enhancing sexual vitality and performance in men. Several publications based on scientific studies & medicinal reviews also reveal Eurycoma Longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) effectiveness in increasing muscle strength and size. Tongkat Ali’s Effect on Testosterone Production (Source: Article by Dr. James Stoxen and team, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois, Chicago) The production of testosterone (the principal male-determining sex hormone) falls progressively from age 40. Experts call this "partial androgen deficiency of the aging male." Androgens are steroid hormones with specific effects on tissue growth (muscle, fat, skin, hair and others) and brain function. They play important roles in men and women, but are produced in much larger quantities in men. In men after puberty, the testicles produce most androgens, mainly as testosterone. It has been suggested that Tongkat Ali may block negative feedback to the hypo-thalamus and pituitary glands, so the body continues to produce testosterone at elevated levels. Tongkat Ali’s Effect on Potency Activity (Source: Ang HH, Ikeda S, Gan EK, Eureka Bioscience Collection, published on: 3 rd Oct, 2003) The butanol, methanol, water and chloroform extracts of the roots of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied using various tests of potency of treated male rats. The results showed that E. longifolia produced a dose-dependent, recurrent and significant increase in the episodes of penile reflexes as evidenced by increases in quick flips, long flips and erections of the treated male rats during the 30 min observation period. These results provide further evidence that E. longifolia increases the aphrodisiac potency activity in treated animals. Eurycoma Longifolia Jack in Managing Idiopathic Male Fertility (Source: Mohd Ismail bin Mohd Tambi and M Kamarul Imran, Damai Service Hospital, Malaysia, taken from the Asian Journal of Andrology 2010) The study investigated the effect of treatment with the proprietary standardized, water-soluble extract of the root of the Malaysian plant, Eurycoma longifolia, which is thought to enhance male fertility with regard to higher semen volumes, sperm concentrations, the percentage of normal sperm morphology and sperm motility in male partners of sub-fertile couples with idiopathic infertility. A total of 350 patients were given 200mg of Tongkat Ali extract daily, where 75 of them completed a full cycle of 3 months. Follow-up semen analyses in these patients showed significant improvement in all semen parameters. The proprietary extract of Eurycoma longifolia significantly improved the sperm quality in these patients, allowing for 11 (14.7%) spontaneous pregnancies. The results of this study suggested that treatment with the proprietary standardized extract of Tongkat Ali significantly improves semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm motility and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm in men with idiopathic infertility. Standardized Water Soluble Extract of Tongkat Ali as Testosterone Booster for Late Onset Hypogonadism (Source: Andrologia, First International Journal of Andrology) Considering that human studies are not available, 76 of 320 patients suffering from late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) were given 200 mg of a standardized water-soluble extract of Tongkat Ali for 1 month. The Ageing Males’ Symptoms (AMS) according to the standardized rating scale and the serum testosterone concentration were taken. Results show that treatment of LOH patients with this Tongkat Ali extract significantly (P < 0.0001) improved the AMS score as well as the serum testosterone concentration. While before treatment only 10.5% of the patients did not show any complaint according to the AMS scale and 35.5% had normal testosterone levels, after the completed treatment 71.7% and 90.8% of the patients showed normal values, respectively. Thus, Tongkat Ali extract appears to be useful as a supplement in overcoming the symptoms of LOH and for the management of hypogonadism. Eurycoma longifolia Up regulates Osteoprotegerin Gene Expression in Androgendeficient Osteoporosis Rat Model (Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Eurycoma longifolia (EL) has been shown recently to protect against bone calcium loss in orchidectomised rats, the model for androgendeficient osteoporosis. The mechanism behind this is unclear but it may be related to its ability to elevate testosterone levels or it may directly affect bone remodeling. The aim of this study is to determine the mechanism involved by investigating the effects of EL extract on serum testosterone levels, bone biomarkers, biomechanical strength and gene expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (MCSF) in orchidectomised rats. The tests concluded that “supplementation with EL extract elevated the testosterone levels, reduced the bone resorption marker and up regulated OPG gene expression of the orchidectomised rats. These actions may be responsible for the protective effects of EL extract against bone resorption due to androgen deficiency. CHAPTER 3 WHY TONGKAT ALI IS IMPORTANT IN SLOWING DOWN AGEING The Ugly (yet true) Process of Ageing There are the young ones who celebrate birthdays in excitement as they grow into adulthood. Once you hit adulthood, you may still be excited in celebrating the arrival of your prime years, your 20s. Then when you hit the 30s, you start telling yourself, “age is but a number”, then it becomes “life starts at 40” and it goes into “as mature as wine, the older the better”. Do you see how majority of us embrace ageing? Of course most people will never admit the fact that they dread ageing because it means slower reflex action, lesser physical attractiveness and depleting energy levels and instead hide behind words of comfort like “wisdom comes with age” and other self-consoling mantras. The process of ageing happens to every living thing. You are born, you grow mature, old, and then you leave this world. What you usually see are visible signs of ageing like changes to the skin, your looks (everyone looks different in their phases of life from baby to maturity) and physique. There are many cosmetic products out in the market that help to combat or defy the ageing process at the obvious level, but what is critical is the understanding of what happens in your body internally during the ageing process. Man and Andropause So you think only women experience menopause? It is the big M word that sets the alarm in every woman in preparing for that fateful day. Well, I’m sorry to disappoint you, my friend, but it happens to us men too (although not the same degree as menopause in women). Graceful or not, let’s say hello to Andropause and get to know him a little better. For healthy men, a drop in testosterone starts at mid 30s to early 40s gradually but does not drop to the point that he cannot function sexually and incapable to be a father, which is the major difference between andropause and the female menopause condition. Every man’s testosterone declines with age but not all will experience it in the same way and age. There are men in their 60s who still have the energy of a 20-year old. In testing for levels of testosterone for ageing men, the ADAM quiz is often used. Known by doctors as Androgen Deficiency in the Ageing Male or Symptomatic Late-Onset Hypogonadism (SLOH) are much more appropriate common terms used to describe the gradual decline in testosterone that comes with the natural ageing process. The setback of the questionnaire though is that the symptoms indicated may be due to other conditions as well, not limiting to low testosterone levels. Some of the symptoms of an ageing male include loss of interest in sex, fatigue, depressed mood, irritability, problem in focusing, decrease in muscle growth with faster accumulation of fat among others. However, bear in mind that these symptoms are more akin to low testosterone levels than aging as low testosterone levels may be caused by other factors too as discussed in the earlier chapter. In a study published by the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, an estimated 25% of American men over 30 years of age may have low testosterone levels. While doctors have differing views on andropause being the condition or age-related symptoms grouped together, they agreed that the slowing of testosterone production is the cause. Production of testosterone starts to slow down when the man is in his 30s and drops 1% in average every year, with the decrease more apparent in the presence of other deteriorating factors such as poor diet and genetics. Low level of testosterone is not the only problem that an andropausal man must handle, but there is also the issue of maintaining balance between testosterone and estrogen in your body. Man also produces estrogen (in much lesser amount than in a woman) as part of our natural hormonal makeup via an enzyme call aromatase. The danger sets in when there is an imbalance of the two hormones, in this case the increase of estrogen due to diminishing testosterone. Aromatase is most commonly found in our skin cells, fats, brain and bones. They need sufficient level of estrogen to function at their optimum, therefore having a normal and healthy level of estrogen is essential for healthy brain function and bone strength. On the downside, when the ratio of estrogen-to-testosterone goes out of balance, the excess estrogen would displace testosterone and attaches itself at the various cellular receptor sites throughout the body and give rise to the following occurrences. Firstly, a shutdown of normal testicular production of testosterone caused by saturation of testosterone receptors in the brain’s hypothalamus being displaced by estrogen. The hypothalamus’ job is sending signal to pituitary gland to secrete the luteinizing hormone (LH controls the production of testosterone in the testis). Secondly, it increases the production of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) that locks down free testosterone therefore reducing the amount of free testosterone in the blood to travel to cell receptor sites. Thirdly, the imbalance would bring about diseases like diabetes, heart diseases and cancer. How Your Lifestyle Plays a Vital Role in the Ageing Process (and contributes to the depletion of your testosterone) Your lifestyle is shaped by your habits, diet and to a certain extent, financial situation. We all know that living in the modern world, everything moves at a fast pace, even the way we consume food. Our physical activities are determined by how much we move daily, often affected by the way we travel from point to point. There is a difference between taking the public transportation and driving your own vehicle for example, as the former gives a more active habit of walking from point to point versus the latter that brings you right to your doorstep (less physical workout). This goes back to the point of your financial situation if you can afford your own mode of transportation. Your Diet All the fast food that we eat contributes to that waistline expanding by the day without us realizing and impedes the natural systems in our body and eventually lead s to obesity. As the enzyme aromatase is found in fat cells, this is one of the contributing factors to declining testosterone levels as the enzyme converts available testosterone into estrogen, disrupting the balance of the former. On the other extreme side of the scale are a group of people who like to go on a low-fat diet in their goal to lose fat and weight. Nutritional research has shown that essential fats, especially mono-unsaturated fats are good for the heart and brain health. Eating very low-fat diet can lead to lower testosterone levels because healthy dietary fats are critical to the production of testosterone. Your Stress Level When you undergo stress, your body produces the hormones cortisol and adrenaline, the two hormones that can hinder your body’s anabolic functions, including testosterone production. Cortisol works by breaking down bigger molecules such as muscles (protein) into carbohydrates, thereby resulting in loss of muscle mass. Cortisol also prevents your muscles from storing glycogen, and it interferes with how effectively testosterone can bind to its receptors within muscle cells, which then lowers your testosterone levels. Falling levels of testosterone give estrogen the domination of body cells, and you will find that it is more difficult to shed the fats off and your gut will grow. Your Sleep Your body recovers from fatigue and illnesses in the form of sleep. Disruption of or shortage of sleep would lead to the body being stressed up and releases cortisol which again handicaps testosterone production similar to when stress happens. The body’s growth hormone known as the Human Growth hormone (HGH), is released during deep sleep stages and it is a protein that speeds up the movement of amino acids through cell membranes and boosts the synthesis of proteins. HGH’s main role is to stimulate muscle repair, enzyme production, cell replacement and revitalizes the immune system. Your Environment Many people are not aware of the dangerous chemical, bisphenol (BPA) is one of the chemicals present in the manufacture of plastic food and drink containers. In a 2011 study performed by the US Food and Drug Administration, 71 out of 78 random canned foods are found to contain BPA. It has become one of the world’s highest productionvolume-chemicals which mean it is present in majority of the developing and developed world population. Among its harmful effects is it acts as an endocrine receptor that mimics your body’s hormones which can interfere with the production of testosterone. By mimicking estrogen as well, more fat stores will occur in the body and give rise to conversion of testosterone to estrogen by aromatase. Tongkat Ali to the Rescue You may have read from many books and articles on the different ways you can restore your testosterone level such as good and adequate sleep, belly-breathing (vs. shallow chest breathing), consume whey protein etc. But our body is exposed daily to many harmful molecules in our daily lives that it may take a whole lot of extra work for the body just to combat against those before even restoring your testosterone level. Especially as you grow older, there may be some decline in certain body processes which need an extra boost. In order to help the body restore its level of free testosterone, it is important to bear in mind the importance of getting help back from nature to work naturally in your body to avoid any conflict which can damage it. That is why Tongkat Ali is the natural solution to low testosterone problem as it is a natural booster that contains free testosterone. Tongkat Ali increases your body’s own testosterone production by stimulating the secretion of luteinizing hormone which signals the Leydig cells in your testis to produce testosterone. It also helps to raise your body’s level of free testosterone that functions as an androgenic (masculinity and sexuality thus enhancing your sex drive) and anabolic (building muscle). CHAPTER 4 TONGKAT ALI…THE ANSWER TO A MAN’S PRAYER? The Essence of a Man and His Primary Fears In the animal kingdom, most species take pride in their males as a leader who is in control, masculine and as a protector. Even in our society, a man is seen as the key partner in pro-creation, leader of the family, and often takes the lead in a relationship as spouse or lover. Especially in the sexuality department, many of a man’s fears involve factors such as sexual performance, potency, erection, penis size, even overall physique (attractiveness and sex appeal), and to top it all off, the fear of rejection for not meeting the expectations stated above. Such expectation can sometimes cause him to worry and that is when anxiety kicks in which would then lead to a host of new health problems. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Testosterone Replacement Treatment (TRT) As uncovered in the previous chapters, testosterone plays such a major role in the overall well-being of both man and woman but most importantly for a man, as it is the hormone that separates him from a woman outwardly and inwards. A healthy level of free testosterone guarantees a high sex drive, favours spontaneous erection, improves muscle mass, strength and bone density, prevents heart diseases and others such as diabetes. For the purpose of sexual activity, a man with declining testosterone usually resorts to short-term use of drugs orally that is usually consumed just before the sexual act. But to address the bigger problem of declining testosterone levels that affect the overall health, many would resort to Testosterone Replacement Treatment (TRT). There are many different reasons why a man goes for testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). More than sixty years ago when testosterone therapy was first introduced, daily injections were the only form of treatment available. As science progressed, there are newer and painless treatment methods such as patches, gels and a pellet that is placed above the gum line in the mouth. Testosterone injections have progressed too, with each injection lasting for two to three weeks at least. One more new method of treatment is through the placement of extended-release pellets below the skin that provide normal testosterone levels for three to six months, therefore needing only a few visits to the clinic per year. Injections Intramuscular injection is the first form of testosterone therapy, usually administered at the buttocks in the short-acting form of testosterone propionate. These are then improved to longer-acting injection doses in two forms of testosterone namely testosterone cypionate and testosterone enanthate. Advantages of TRT As shared earlier, TRT is available to both man and woman in synthetic or natural forms administered as injections, skin patches, transdermal creams or implanted pellets. But before you receive TRT, you would have to go through a complete physical exam and laboratory analysis to correctly diagnose your need for the treatment. There are two main benefits of TRT via injection when compared to the other methods such as gel application. Firstly, injection goes directly into the bloodstream where all the action happens as compared to gel application where the absorption rate is not guaranteed. Secondly, testosterone injections are much cheaper than the other forms of TRT. When successfully administered, you will enjoy the benefits similar to that of a man with healthy levels of testosterone. But care must be taken when excessive dosage is administered in women as it will cause clitoral enlargement and lowering of the voice. Disadvantages of TRT Your body is a genius machine and each of its processes functions in harmony and perfection. Any disruption externally that causes its natural flow to be interrupted may result in depletion altogether. In the case of testosterone production, flooding your bodily system with external sources of hormones will trick the endocrine system into thinking it has produced sufficient hormones when in fact it’s in shortage. This would result in much reduced secretion of the hormones in shortage and may eventually stop producing it altogether. Every medical treatment carries some risk or potential for side effects. But testosterone treatment differs slightly from other treatments as it simply involves adding a chemical that is already present in the body although in reduced amounts. Testosterone replacement preparations are made of exactly the same molecule that is produced by the body. Oral dose of testosterone are rarely used because of its high potential of bringing about liver damage. Testosterone replacement is strongly not advised in women with breast or uterine cancer. It also may increase the chances of cardiovascular disease or liver disease. As TRT is a treatment that requires close monitoring to avoid undesirable complications, continuous blood tests and monitoring is required, which may affect your daily activities or require changes to your routine that may be a hassle in the long run. And as if the daily hassle is not enough, other undesirable effects of TRT include fluid retention, acne, oily skin, irritability, increased aggression, increased blood pressure, balding, sleep apnea, skin reactions, testicle shrinkage (testicular atrophy), limited sperm production which leads to infertility, worsen urinary symptoms, stimulate benign growth of the prostate, stimulate the growth of breast and prostate cancer that’s already present, enlarged breasts (Gynecomastia), stimulate excess blood production (polycythemia). In addition to all the ill effects, TRT is, but a short-term solution to an everlasting testosterone problem. Even though TRT can help reverse the effects of hypogonadism (a medical condition where the sex glands produces little or no hormones at all), it is not clear whether TRT is that beneficial for older men who are otherwise healthy. If you have decided to proceed with TRT, these are the factors that can help you look out for while you are on treatment: The Prostate Although there is solid evidence that testosterone therapy will not cause any problem to your prostrate, it remains debatable. It therefore makes sense to monitor your prostate condition before starting any treatment cycles and to have a blood test once or twice during the first year of treatment and at least annual checks thereafter. Testosterone Levels Before any treatment is diagnosed, a thorough testosterone examination should be carried out to determine the exact dosage. Bone Density As bone density is affected by low levels of testosterone, a bodily check on your bone density should be done before starting the treatment and conducted at least once a year. Haemoglobin TRT will increase the red blood cell production in most men therefore it is important to monitor this throughout the period of treatment. Here's How Tongkat Ali Solves The Problem I have stated previously that our bodies are genius machines created with process and systems in harmony and perfection, so why re-invent the wheel when we just need a simple boost? What you need is something that encourages the endocrine system to produce more free testosterone. Tongkat Ali serves two ways to address the problem. First, it encourages the production of testosterone by stimulating the release of luteinizing hormones which then stimulates the Leydig cells in your testicles to produce testosterone. Secondly, it reduces the rate at which testosterone is metabolized by blocking the enzyme (PDE-5) responsible for this. The bio-active ingredients in Tongkat Ali also increase free testosterone possibly by way of capturing and binding SHBG from capturing circulating free testosterones. To recall, SHBG is a protein called sex hormone binding globulin that binds free testosterone in the body causing it to be ineffective. Tongkat Ali is an all-natural, safe and cheap solution that you can count on. Positive effects usually can be experienced within one to two weeks by way of increased energy and sex drive, elevated moods, increased concentration, decreased fat accumulation, increase in semen volume, sexual stamina, muscle gain and against diseases. CHAPTER 5 TONGKAT ALI SUCCESS STORIES In this chapter, you will get to read real-life testimonials of individuals like you and me, who have experienced the powerful effect of the natural testosterone booster Tongkat Ali, by consuming the herbal extract supplement. (To protect their privacy, only their first names are shown here.) Thanks, I have been taking the product for about 6 -7 days. I started the first few days with a large dose of about 6-8 capsules and then dropped to 2-4 a day. The results seem to be spectacular, very stiff erections during the night and more stamina and more vigor in my health in general. Although I am not an overly aggressive person I note a noticeable increase in latent and sometimes overt, aggressive behavior showing that the testosterone level is higher. I am 73 and in perfect health. I also take l-arginine and pycnogenol on an empty stomach. I am about to go into the first pause and rest period off tongkat Ali. I will soon test the product without backing it up with Cialis and see just how good an erection I can get with just l arginine and pycnognol and tongkat Ali without Cialis. - Harold S - Florida, USA I read with interest the research done on Eurycoma (tongkat Ali) and in particular a book called "The Cortisol Connection" written by Shawn Talbot. In the book he writes about Testosterone and its effect on the male biochemistry and function in regulating not only the physical aspects of our being but also how it turn these affects us mentally and emotionally. I have just turned 50 and believe myself to be at the height of my career, however the irony in life is that as we mature the body fades on us. Taking tongkat Ali has stimulated my mental powers to the point where my mind is the sharpest its ever been and also it is helping me to regain lean muscle mass as my metabolism has speeded up. Combined with this of course has come a return of a 'young man’s' sexual awareness, this has rocketed back into my life in a stunning fashion. The further irony here now is that feeling like 20 again has a disturbing and distracting effect, the upside is with the benefit of maturity and wisdom we are able to modify and control our responses to women in a more satisfactory way. When younger it was an almost out of control instinctual behavior, so by contrast there are blessings here. Many thanks for supplying this wonderful product as it has opened up my life again in ways I could not have imagined. Biologically we all have 'use by date' as our biochemistry starts to run down, natural substances like tongkat Ali seen to work in a holistic way and have no side effects, there are only benefits here. - Julian G - Central, Hong Kong This is exactly what I've been looking for. There are too many products in the open market that include large amounts of different aphrodisiac enhancers which do nothing but give one a constant "horny" feeling and offers hardly any support for boosting the testosterone level at all. What good does it do to feel as horny as a raging bull if your testosterone level is next to none? You might as well go big game hunting with an unloaded gun. But I have to tell you I spent last night feeling a rejuvenating rush pulsating all through my body and this is one 56 year old that's beginning to feel like a teenager all over again. My girlfriend is on a visit with family and not due back for two weeks. She's 9 years younger. Always supportive and understanding. Man, is she in for a surprise! LOL! Thank you Sam! - Stewart - Colorado, USA As a physician with a little more than usual knowledge of human physiology, but no to little knowledge of herbal formulations I entered into use of your product with enthusiastic reservations. I did so with a fellow physician and friend. Both of us after what is now several months of use are now just enthusiastic with the product. Our fears of what really is in this capsule, kindly addressed by you and our research initially have turned to us feeling the effects and therefore desiring continued supply. A long winded simple thank you. - Daniel Illinois, USA I ordered another two month supply. I'm really liking your product, it gives me that extra edge I need in the gym and in the bedroom. I can really feel and see a difference! Bigger and harder erections and a bigger and harder body, bets of both worlds. I'm looking forward to receiving my next shipment! - Mike G My husband has been taking your product. He is on his 3rd. cycle of 10 days. with 5 days off in between. He has been taking 3 pills every morning. We have seen improvement, but would like more so we thought he should start taking 6 pills per day. Do you recommend taking them all at once in the morning or twice a day? Also we would like to order more, we would appreciate any deal you might have for us. Thank You very much hope to hear from you soon. - Trisha M Yes, I received the product three days ago, immediately began taking it according to directions, and have already regained my teenage youthful vigor! I didn't expect this. Yesterday, I went to the gym to lift weights and afterwards did several hours of grueling yard work with my wife-- and this morning how did I feel? No back pain-- none at all, which is unbelievable for me. My whole body is completely recovered! I really could do it all over again today-- and probably will (there's still much to be done). Also seeing and feeling improvements in the "plumbing". Indeed, SD200 is like the fountain of youth. - Brad F - Alabama, USA Just received my second order today. Must say, there is a reason I ordered again... It's workin' like a charm. I've got some kind of teenage sexual stamina like I never had before. - Joe N Truly appreciate your concern, it is unusual. I have received the original 30 day supply but there has been insufficient time for the last order to arrive. To insure I do not break up the cycles I will wait for the entire order to arrive before starting to test it. Thanks again for your interest in an individual customer, it is rare in today's market. - Buz First had doubts, took 1 pill 2xs a day first 5 days, then took 2 pills 2xs a day for 5 days. not much happened. I took recommended break, and the day after things happened - every time I thought of sex my cock started to get hard, about half way through that day was hard all the time. I am anxiously waiting for the 5 day break to get over so I can start round 2. I am 54 years old getting hard ons like a high school kid. Great, thanks. – William - Alaska, USA Yes I received the package right before I went on vacation last Thursday. Have been taking it twice a day as recommended and am now starting to feel the results. More energy (especially when working out) and a big increase in libido. Thanks! - James – New Jersey, USA I was already sold on the effectiveness of Tongkat Ali (long jack) as an herbal supplement that will dramatically improve my sexual vitality. The muscle mass and strength gain is a bonus. There are so much research on the net Tongkat Ali that shows its effectiveness so my concern wasn't that but... where to find the most potent Tongkat Ali supplement. I tried a few here and there and I have to say SD-200 works the best for me. Just the first time I took it, I have a kind of raging sexual desire that I had not felt since I was in my early 20s. You know the kind of feeling. It’s like you absolutely must have sex with her... come what may. And it’s a wonderful feeling. My partner was delighted when I ravished her. It makes her feel desired and wanted. Great job guys! Keep going! - Dan - Arizona, USA As a business man, I am always on the go and never have time to put my feet up. I know I don't eat properly and seldom have a chance to exercise Sometimes I feel like I could just collapse and in the morning I can't get out of bed without forcing myself. This has all changed after I started taking SD-200. A friend told me to take it and I am not sorry. Now, everyday, I feel charge with energy, vitality and drive. - Gary Florida, USA You can read more success stories at http://www.SD-200.org CHAPTER 6 DO NOT BUY TONGKAT ALI UNTIL YOU HAVE READ THIS How is Tongkat Ali available in the market? Do take note that Tongkat Ali is now a protected plant in Malaysia and any form of harvesting or producing it is illegal by the state law. Commercially grown Tongkat Ali comes from Indonesia or by horticulturists in Western countries. Adding to that, independent test results show that Malaysia’s Tongkat Ali contain high amounts of lead ranging from 10.64 to 20.72 ppm (parts per million) compared to the Indonesian counterpart at only 0.08ppm. Although grown in a few countries in Southeast Asia, the best natural Tongkat Ali is the one that is wild-crafted in the jungles of Indonesia. Natural Tongkat Ali is sold in different forms such as powder, coffee, tea bags and extract capsules. If you are living in Asia, take a walk down the grocer’s street and you are most likely to find Tongkat Ali sold as a coffee beverage. Please exercise extreme caution when you are considering to purchase this item as the authentic herb and amount it needs to be potent, makes the beverage unpalatable to your taste buds. The original natural powdered extract is extremely bitter and not made for a beverage to be enjoyed like sipping pina colada. For the active ingredient to be effective, it would take a significant amount of extract to be added into the coffee which gives the overwhelmingly bitter taste. If sold in the form of tea bags using the leaves, you might want to take note that the bio-active ingredients that make Tongkat Ali popular for its many remedies is in the roots. The roots however, are not compatible and safe for consumption into the human gut thus making it unsafe. Sipping a Tongkat Ali tea may not render effective as it is not obtained from the powdered extract. I would like to bring your attention next to the difference between “Tongkat Ali Powder” and “Tongkat Ali Extract Powder”. The former is sold without going through any extraction process and therefore would not have the desired extracted amount of the bio-active ingredients for it to be effective. The Importance of Quality Extract (including Potency) A statement from the renowned US Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in its findings of a research program for quantitative measurement of Tongkat Ali’s (Eurycoma Longifolia) bioactive constituents documents the following: "The yield of the bioactive constituents is extremely low at less than 0.005%. Hence, they are not easily available for further studies and for commercial preparations. The plant also requires a longer time to produce the secondary bioactive metabolites and their biological activities may be derived from more than one of the constituents." The statement further stresses the factor of choosing quality ‘root extracts’ instead of the non-extracted root form since the bio-active ingredients present is only at 0.005%, therefore needing a large amount of the roots to yield high quality extraction. Another factor is the importance of the age of the herb as it stated that Tongkat Ali requires a longer time to produce the secondary bio-active ingredients. It is then advisable to only consume root extracts of Tongkat Ali plants that are 10 years or older. Since the best grade of Tongkat Ali is available in the forests of Sumatra Indonesia, this would lend factor that Indonesian Tongkat Ali is of the best grade and quality available. Since the bio-active ingredient is only at the roots, you must ensure that you are buying quality Tongkat Ali extract. The potency of an extract is measured in ratios and generally sold in potencies at 1:50, 1:100 and 1:200 with the last one being the highest potency sold in the market. To elaborate the ratio calculation, 50 grams of the roots are grounded and extracted to produce 1 gram of extract. Subsequently the same for 1:100 where 100grams of roots is used to yield 1 gram of extract and 200 grams of roots for the 1:200 ratio. Dosages for a man may slightly be higher than a woman. The advantage of higher potency in a capsule is the convenience of taking fewer capsules for that same effect. Water Versus Alcohol Extraction Method At present, there are two methods of extracting the bio-active ingredients from Tongkat Ali roots. The roots are soaked in water and then subjected to heat until what is left is the extraction which is then freeze-dried into powder form to be packaged into capsules. In the alcohol extraction method, the roots are soaked in alcohol instead. Traditionally, water is used as this is believed to be the more holistic extraction method in preserving the balance of the bioactive ingredients in the roots and is the most common method amongst Easterners. The alcohol method on the other hand, extracts only the desired bioactive ingredient and is practiced in the Western laboratories. Another difference between the two methods of extractions is the colour of the extracted powder, with the water extracted one being darker than the alcohol extracted end-product. This is caused by the reaction of heat on water. Recommended Tongkat Ali Extract Dosage The dosage consumed depends on desired results. Usually, a dose of 600mg per day of the 1:200 extract is effective for most men. Athletes and bodybuilders however, sometimes consume 1,000mg daily, although this is more than necessary. The next important to note is the rhythm of consumption. If you have never consumed Tongkat Ali before and it is the first time you are trying the natural alternative, it is best to take the capsules on a cycle of alternating 5 days with 2 days off to keep the endocrine system producing the luteinizing hormones consistently. This is also to sync your bodily system into accepting the presence of Tongkat Ali’s bioactive ingredients. In addition, this cycle is important to keep the endocrine system guessing without being predictable because if taken daily, the endocrine system would learn to adapt and result in producing lower levels of the hormone instead, working against the main purpose of Tongkat Ali. Tongkat Ali is a natural testosterone booster and does not bring about any major side effects. You might experience mild insomnia and a higher body temperature at the start of the cycle, but this is very rare if you start with low dosage and work your way up as the days progress. In conclusion, here are the key points to remember when buying Tongkat Ali to boost your testosterone level: Avoid Tongkat Ali powder as it’s too weak to have any effect and always purchase the ‘extract’ instead; Extracts which do not specify their extraction ratio (e.g. 1:100 or 1:200) should be avoided as it is critical to know how much you are consuming;. Beware when buying coffees, teas or snacks claiming to contain the herb yet do not have the bitter taste. If they had sufficient doses, they would not be palatable; Do not buy Tongkat Ali from Malaysia as it has higher lead amount and is illegal to be sold commercially; Buy Tongkat Ali extract from Indonesia and from sources that uses the herbs that grow to 10 years or more at 10 years or more. There are very few Tongkat Ali extract products that stand by what they guarantee. You must exercise caution and read this book thoroughly before purchasing the natural herb supplement. I have spent a great deal of time researching about Tongkat Ali and hope you have benefited from this book as much as I have benefited from the research. I hope you have gained some insight into the vital role testosterone plays in your health and take the necessary steps to remedy or prevent undesirable conditions through the use of a natural testosterone booster that is safe, affordable and readily available, Tongkat Ali. References Testosterone Transformation by Myatt Murphy Male Herbal (2nd Edition) The Definitive Health Care Book for Men & Boys by James Green Herbs of Malaysia by M Sugumaran, Kate L, W Lee, edited by K M Wong Tumbuhan Liar Berkhasiat Ubatan by Rukayah Aman Tongkat Ali “The Tree That Cures a Hundred Diseases” by W G Goreja Testosterone for life by Abraham Morgentaler, M D The Testosterone Edge by Brian E O’ Neill Life Extension Magazine, June 2012 edition WebMD MayoClinic Natural Tongkat Ali.com Eurycome Longifoila Jack.com SD-200.com Testosterone Insufficiency in Women: Fact or Fiction?, World Journal of Urology 2002, 20:106-110 by Andre’ Guay and Susan R Davis Testosterone Concentrations in Women Aged 25-50 years: Associations with Lifestyle, Body Composition, and Ovarian Status by MF Sowers, J L Beebe, D McConnell, John Randolph and M Jannausch from the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan The Effect of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack on Spermatogenesis in Estrogen-Treated Rats by Nurhazlina Abdul Wahab, Norfilza M Mokhtar, Wan Nurul Heriza A Halim, Srijit Das (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Eurycoma Longifolia Jack in Managing Idiopathic Male Infertility by Mohd Ismail Bin Mohd Tambi, M Kamarul Imran, Wellmen Clinic, Damai Service Hospital Malaysia, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia Asian Journal of Andrology (2010) 12:376-380 Eurycoma Longifolia Upregulates Osteoprotegerin Gene Expression in Androgen-deficient Osteoporosis Rat Model by Nazrun A Shuid, Eman El-arabi, Nadia M Effendy, Halimaton S Abdul Razak, Norliza Muhammad, Norazlina Mohamed, Ima N Soelaiman BioMedCentral, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Standardised Water-soluble Extract of Eurycoma Longifolia as Testosterone Booster for Managing Men with Late-onset Hypogonadism by MIBM Tambi, MK Imran, RR Henkel, First International Journal of Andrology Eurycoma Longifolia Increasese Sexual Motivation in Sexually Naïve Male Rats by Hooi Hoon Ang and Meng Kwoon Sim, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Arch. Phar. Res Vol 21, No.6 pp 779-781, 1998 Tongkat Ali’s Effect as an Aphrodisiac – Initiation of Sexual Performance of Inexperienced Castrated Male Rats by Ang HH and Cheang HS, Yusof AP, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University Science Malaysia, Penang, October 2001 Tongkat Ali’s Effect as an Aphrodisiac – Evaluation in Non-copulator Male Rats After Chronic Administration of Eurycoma longifolia by Ang HH and Ngai TH, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University Science Malaysia, Minden, Singapore, October 2002 Reviews Based on Scientific Research on Tongkat Ali by National Centre for Biotechnology Information http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Tongkat Ali’s Effect on Testosterone Production by Dr. James Stoxen and team, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois, Chicago Tongkat Ali’s Effect on Potency Activity by Ang HH, Ikeda S, Gan EK, Eureka Bioscience Collection, published on: 3 rd Oct, 2003 Standardized Water Soluble Extract of Tongkat Ali as Testosterone Booster for Late Onset Hypogonadism by Andrologia, First International Journal of Andrology Eurycoma longifolia Up regulates Osteoprotegerin Gene Expression in Androgendeficient Osteoporosis Rat Model, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Resources SD-200 Genuine Tongkat Ali on Amazon http://www.amazon.com/SD-200-Genuine-Tongkat-AliExtract/dp/B009NAO9A0 SD-200 Official YouTube Channel http://www.youtube.com/user/SD200official Tongkat Ali Success Stories http://www.sd-200.org/ Pure Science Supplements Pure Science Supplements Pte Ltd