Mitosis
Mitosis is the process through which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
A simplified breakdown:
Simple definition: Mitosis is cell division that creates two identical cells, each having the
same number of chromosomes as the original cell.
Simple Explanation: Imagine a cell splitting into two, each retaining the same genetic
information. It is like making a copy of a book; the original book stays intact, and you get an
exact duplicate.
Five Phases of Mitosis: In the context of cell division, the IPMAT acronym represents the
phases of mitosis. Each letter corresponds to a specific phase:
1. Interphase:
- Cell grows and prepares for division.
- DNA duplicates.
2. Prophase:
- Chromosomes condense and become visible.
- Nuclear membrane breaks down.
- Spindle fibres form.
3. Metaphase:
- Chromosomes line up along the center of the cell.
- Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes.
4. Anaphase:
- Chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
- Spindle fibers help in separation.
5. Telophase:
- Chromatids decondense.
- Nuclear membranes form around chromosomes.
Notable Mention: Cytokinesis (not part of IPMAT):
- Cell divides into two daughter cells.
- Each daughter cell contains a complete set of chromosomes.
Examples of Mitosis:
1. Growth: Mitosis helps in the growth of organisms by creating new cells.
2. Repair: it is crucial for repairing damaged cells or tissues.
3. Asexual Reproduction: Some single-celled organisms can reproduce through mitosis.
Mitosis is like the ‘copy and divide’ process ensuring cells have the right genetic material to
function correctly.