Ansys Fluent Release Notes and Migration
Manual
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Release 2024 R1
January 2024
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Table of Contents
1. Migrating to Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 ......................................................................................................... 1
2. Fluent ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1. Supported Platforms for Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 ................................................................................... 3
2.2. New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 ............................................................................................... 3
2.2.1. Meshing Mode ......................................................................................................................... 3
2.2.2. Solution Mode ......................................................................................................................... 4
2.2.3. Fluent Applications ................................................................................................................ 13
2.3. Updates Affecting Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 Code Behavior ................................................................... 16
2.3.1. Meshing Mode ....................................................................................................................... 16
2.3.2. Solution Mode ....................................................................................................................... 17
2.3.3. Fluent Applications ................................................................................................................ 19
2.4. Features To Be Removed in a Future Release .................................................................................... 19
3. Resolved Issues and Limitations in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 .................................................................... 21
4. New Limitations in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 ............................................................................................. 23
5. Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 ................................................................................ 25
5.1. Meshing Mode ............................................................................................................................... 25
5.2. Solution Mode ................................................................................................................................ 25
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List of Figures
2.1. The Colormap Quick-Edit Panel ............................................................................................................... 5
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Chapter 1: Migrating to Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
The purpose of the Ansys Fluent Migration Manual is to help you transition from the previous version
for the meshing mode and solution mode of Ansys Fluent. Read through the entire document to understand the changes that have taken place. The information is enclosed in the following chapters:
• Fluent Release Notes (p. 3)
• Resolved Issues and Limitations in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 (p. 21)
• New Limitations in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 (p. 23)
• Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 (p. 25)
If you are upgrading across several releases, you may find it helpful to consult the Migration Manuals
for the intervening releases as well. You can find these in the Ansys Help on the customer site, by selecting the appropriate release from the drop-down menu on the Home page.
When you write journals using this release, then you should add the text command /file/set-tuiversion "24.1" at the top of the file. This text command will help when you run the journal in a
future release, as it will hide any new text user interface (TUI) prompts that have been added and will
restore any prompts that have been removed. It is intended to help with backwards compatibility with
future releases (up to two full releases after the release the journal file was created in/for).
For information about past, present, and future operating system and platform support, see the Platform
Support section of the Ansys Website.
Note that beta features have not been fully tested and validated. ANSYS, Inc. makes no commitment
to resolve defects reported against these prototype features. Changes in the solution behavior are
sometimes expected and are not captured in this document. However, if there are solution differences
between beta features and the Release 2024 R1 standard Fluent features that concern you, contact
technical support for assistance. Your feedback is appreciated and will help us improve the overall
quality of the product.
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Chapter 2: Fluent Release Notes
The following sections contain release information for Ansys Fluent 2024 R1.
2.1. Supported Platforms for Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
2.2. New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
2.3. Updates Affecting Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 Code Behavior
2.4. Features To Be Removed in a Future Release
Backwards Compatibility: Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 can generally read case files and data files from all
past Fluent releases. Solver and model settings from previous case files are typically respected. However,
in some cases due to defect fixes and core improvements to improve robustness and/or performance,
convergence behavior and/or results obtained may be different. Such release-to-release changes are
documented in the Fluent Migration Manual, along with instructions to recover the previous behavior
when possible.
2.1. Supported Platforms for Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
Information about past, present, and future operating system and platform support is viewable via the
Ansys website.
2.2. New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
The following sections list the new features available in Ansys Fluent:
2.2.1. Meshing Mode
2.2.2. Solution Mode
2.2.3. Fluent Applications
2.2.1. Meshing Mode
New features available in the meshing mode of Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 are listed below.
Fluent Guided Meshing Workflows
• General Improvements
– There is now a preference called Save workflow template (.wft) with mesh file that can
control whether or not Fluent will automatically save a workflow template file (for later reuse as needed) whenever you save the mesh. See Setting Preferences for Workflows for
details.
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Fluent
Mesh Generation
• When using the Rapid Octree mesher, the following improvements are now available when
defining refinement regions:
– Besides a box shape, you can now define the refinement region to be in the shape of a
frustum of a cone (that is, a tapered cylinder).
– The box shape can now be defined such that it is rotated about the coordinate axes.
– You can now have Fluent compute initial values for the refinement region settings so that
it is sized to encompass one or more face zones of your choosing.
For details, see Refinement Regions.
2.2.2. Solution Mode
New features available in the solution mode of Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 are listed below. Where appropriate, references to the relevant section in the User's Guide are provided.
User Experience
• You can now edit the colormap range for a graphical display, such as a contour or vector plot,
directly in the graphics window by using the quick-edit panel that appears when you doubleclick on the colormap.
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New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
Figure 2.1: The Colormap Quick-Edit Panel
Journaling
• When Ansys Fluent encounters an invalid input in a journal file that is being replayed, it now
raises an error condition and aborts the journal processing. To revert to the previous behavior,
use the following text command:
file/set-error-on-invalid-command
Throw error (and abort journal replay) on invalid command in journal file? [yes] no
Solver-Meshing
• When creating a periodic interface for a 3D case using the Auto Compute Offset option, it is
no longer required that the periodic interfaces are connected by at least two face zones that
meet at an edge that points from one periodic zone to the other. Note that if such an edge
does not exist and the periodic interface zone pairs are not planar, you should ensure that the
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Fluent
mesh resolution on the periodic interface zone pairs are similar, in order to produce more
precise offset calculations (and subsequently, more accurate solutions). It is recommended
that the average mesh size on one boundary should not be more than twice that of the other.
For further details on creating periodic interfaces, see Manually Creating Mesh Interfaces and
Creating Periodic Zones and Interfaces.
• The following improvements are now available for simulations that include one-to-one mesh
interfaces:
– A list of the mesh interfaces, along with the area percentage that each interface boundary
overlaps the other, is now printed automatically in the console at the time of creation, as
well as when the mesh interfaces are listed. This can make it easier to check if the mesh interfaces are as you intended.
– You can now set a minimum area percentage of overlap for mesh interface creation, so that
you can avoid unnecessary or unintentional mesh interfaces.
– After mesh interfaces have been created, you can now use a single text command to delete
all the mesh interfaces that have an area percentage of overlap that is below a specified
value. This can help you easily delete unnecessary or unintentional mesh interfaces.
For further details, see Using a Non-Conformal Mesh in Ansys Fluent.
• When creating or managing auxiliary geometry definitions, you can now easily define a plane
primitive by selecting a planar face zone. (Managing Auxiliary Geometry Definitions)
• When using radial basis function smoothing as part of a dynamic mesh simulation, the following
improvements are available:
– You can now enable a local smoothing option, which limits the amount of the domain that
is smoothed to only those cells that are close to the moving boundary zones. This ensures
that the mesh away from the moving boundary zones remains undisturbed by the
smoothing, and decreases the computational time required for smoothing. Note that this
smoothing automatically attempts to preserve the shape of any boundary layers adjacent
to the moving boundary zones.
– The ability to smooth the boundary layers adjacent to a moving boundary zone before and
independently of the bulk of the mesh is now supported as a full feature. This ensures that
they retain their shape as much as possible.
For further details, see Radial Basis Function Smoothing.
Cell Zones and Boundary Conditions
• You can now export .csv boundary data that can imported into CFX-Pre or CFD-Post as a
user surface, or used in System Coupling mapping. (Exporting Boundary Zones in CSV Format
in the Fluent User's Guide)
Materials
• Materials Data for Simulation provides access to simulation-ready materials data for a broad
coverage of materials classes that enables engineers to create stronger simulations with trusted
data. For easy access, MDS is embedded directly into Ansys Fluent solver and currently contains
771 materials covering a wide range of material classes.
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New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
Developments have focused on continuing to provide accurate and reliable simulation ready
materials data with standard updates to point and curve data. Note: There are no new records
in the 2024 R1 release of MDS, but some data values have been updated.
Material Class
Count
Ceramics
47
Composites
37
Fluids
37
Foams
16
Glasses
15
Honeycombs
3
Magnets
27
Metals - ferrous
153
Metals - non-ferrous
226
Polymers
176
Woods
34
Total
771
Heat Transfer / Radiation
• For thin-wall 1D conduction modeling, you can now specify a variable wall thickness using an
expression, UDF, or profile. (Thin-Wall Thermal Resistance Parameters in the Fluent User's Guide)
• The Loosely Coupled Conjugate Heat Transfer option is no longer limited to transient simulations, but is now available for steady simulations as well. This option allows you to use multidomain architecture (within a single Fluent session) to compute the energy field in solid zones
at only a few instants during the simulation, and thereby increase the speed of the simulation.
(Loosely Coupled Conjugate Heat Transfer)
Turbulence
• An algebraic Reynolds Stress Model (EARSM) is now available which represents an extension
of the standard two-equation models and is therefore a good compromise between capturing
additional flow effects and computational costs.
• A new near wall treatment is now available for LES models called harmonic blending rplus.
This formulation uses a harmonic function to smoothly blend the viscous sublayer and the
logarithmic law-of-the-wall layer, which results in an improvement in predicted velocity profiles
compared to the default LES Near-Wall Treatment.
Turbomachinery
• For Blade Film Cooling, you can now specify stationary holes on the surfaces of a moving/rotating cell zone in transient cases. For details, see Specifying the Virtual Hole Geometry.
• For Blade Film Cooling, the Radial Distribution option now is available for Temperature when
defining Virtual Hole Geometry. This option allows you to specify a quadratic temperature
variation within each individual hole. For details, see Specifying the Virtual Hole Geometry.
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Fluent
• Boundaries previously referred to as "casings" in the Turbo Topology definition are now referred
to as "shrouds."
• The Full-Multigrid (FMG) initialization now supports General Turbo-Interfaces (GTI) and can be
used to initialize turbomachinery cases with multiple connected blade rows.
• You now have the option to write circumferential-averaged profiles on various surfaces including
inlet, outlet, interfaces, planes, iso-surfaces, and iso-clips. (For details, see Writing CircumferentialAveraged Profiles)
• When the turbo model is enabled for a steady calculation with the pressure-based solver selected and the pseudo time method set to the global time step option, an option to invoke
turbomachinery-specific numerics is now available as a full feature. This option enables builtin customized numerics settings that can help to achieve and accelerate the convergence for
turbomachinery flows. (Turbomachinery-Specific Numerics)
Hypersonic Flows
• Gupta curve fits for modeling viscosity and thermal conductivity are now available when simulating hypersonic flows using the default one-temperature approach for air mixtures with
temperatures up to 30,000 K. (For details, see Modeling Transport Properties Using Gupta
Curve Fits )
• Three additional mixtures are available (titan-13species-Gokcen, titan-21speciesGokcen, and mars-venus-16species-Johnston) for Titan and Venus atmospheric entry
flows. Those mixtures include relevant species properties and dedicated reaction mechanisms
for each planet. (For details, see Modeling Non-Equilibrium Gas Dissociation Using Finite Rate
Chemistry)
• Park’s model has been implemented as default in the two-temperature model to address the
process of translational-vibrational energy relaxation. It exhibits consistency in the relaxation
time compared to experimental results.
Reacting Flows
• The Chemkin-CFD solver can now be used in cases that involve the Thickened Flame Model
(TFM).
Discrete Phase Model
• The data structures of particles have been refactored. As a result, user-defined functions (UDFs)
that change the status of Lagrange wall film particles must be modified accordingly. The usage
of the refactored data structure is shown in the updated example of the DEFINE_FILM_REGIME UDF. (Example)
• For cases with Lagrangian wall film boundary conditions on walls, you can now apply all wall
boundary conditions to selected walls and initialize the Lagrangian wall film immediately by
clicking the new Apply All Settings and Initialize Film on Selected Wall(s) Now button in
the Wall dialog box (DPM tab).
• Multicomponent particles can now participate in chemical reactions of all types described in
Combusting Particle Surface Reactions in the Fluent Theory Guide. This was a beta feature in
release in R2023 R2. (Multicomponent Particles with Chemical Reactions)
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New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
Multiphase Models
• For the Eulerian multiphase boiling model, the following postprocessing variables have been
added (in the Phase Interaction... category:
– Saturation Temperature
– Liquid Subcooling
– Wall Superheat
– Bubble Departure Diameter
– Bubble Departure Frequency
– Bubble Waiting Time
– Bubble Area Fraction
– Bubble Nucleation Site Density
See Postprocessing for the Boiling Model and Field Function Definitions in the Fluent User's
Guide for details.
• For the cavitation mass-transfer model, a new pressure limiting treatment can now be used
in property calculations of a compressible flow. The treatment is available via the Text User
Interface (TUI) and offers 3 methods that limit pressure to:
– the local minimum of vapor pressures,
– the pressure to the global minimum of vapor pressures from all cells, and
– the absolute minimum pressure specified under solution limits.
The new pressure limiting treatment can accurately predict shock, which is not possible with
the existing default pressure limiting treatment. (Cavitation Mechanism)
• For the non-equilibrium boiling and critical heat flux boiling models, you can now choose the
boiling blending function (Lavieville, Tentner, and Ioilev) and adjust its parameters. (Procedure
for Setting the Boiling Model)
Electric Potential Field and Electrochemistry Model
• For electrolysis and H2 pump cases that involve the mixture multiphase model, you can now
include the water content transport equation into your simulation. This option allows you to
account for the effect of the membrane hydration level on the electrolyte conductivity. (Multiphase Modeling)
• For the electrolysis and H2 pump model, you can now use the unresolved 0D method for
modeling membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) zones. In this approach, the MEA zones are
not included in the computational domain, and only one potential equation is solved. This
approach is a computationally more efficient alternative to the existing resolved approach.
(Unresolved 0D Modeling Approach)
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Fluent
Battery Model
• For the thermal abuse model, the following enhancements have been implemented:
– You can now preview the abuse reaction behavior by simulating the standalone thermal
abuse model prior to running your CFD simulation. By displaying plots of the temperature,
heating rate, or reaction progress variable profiles, you can assess your thermal abuse
model and adjust its parameters. (Using the Thermal Abuse Model in the Fluent User's Guide)
– For the one-equation kinetics model, you can now specify the abuse reaction rate type as
Arrhenius (default in previous releases), table, or user-defined via the DEFINE_BATTERY_ABUSE_RATE UDF. (See Using the Thermal Abuse Model in the Fluent User's Guide and
DEFINE_BATTERY_ABUSE_RATE in the Fluent Customization Manual.)
– When using the parameter estimation tool for the one-equation thermal abuse model in
the text user interface (TUI), the fitted results are now plotted in the graphics window.
• The electrical load condition can now be specified using the Table profile type. (Specifying a
Profile or Data Table)
• The direct current internal resistance (DCIR) model has been added. The model uses the same
framework as the NTGK model. For this model, you can directly specify internal resistance instead
of the Y coefficients. The NTGK Empirical Model label has been renamed as NTGK/DCIR
Model in the Model Options tab (E-Chemistry group).
• The following enhancements have been implemented to improve the battery layer orientation
method, which is used in the battery swelling model and orthotropic thermal conductivity:
– The previous cell type Prismatic has been renamed to Pouch Cell, and the new Prismatic
Cell type is used for cells with a flat layer structure in the middle and a semicircular shape
at both ends.
– Besides the cylindrical cell, the pouch and prismatic cell geometry are now available for
modeling orthotropic thermal conductivity. For the pouch cell type, you need to define the
layer normal vector, and for the prismatic cell type, you need to define two directional vectors
– the cylinder axis vector and the vector connecting the axes of two cylinders.
– For the cylindrical cell type, the specification of the origin is no longer required and is now
detected automatically. This allows you to simulate multiple cylinder cells with the same
orientation in a simulation.
For details, see Defining Orthotropic Thermal Conductivity, Using the Empirical-Based Battery
Swelling Model , and Inputs for the Newman’s P2D Model in the Fluent User's Guide.
• Additional postprocessing variables are now available for visualizing and reporting vectors.
(Postprocessing the MSMD Battery Model)
Solver
• The Full-Multigrid (FMG) initialization can now be applied and customized from the Solution
Initialization task page in the graphical interface.
• The following settings are now available when you are using CFL-based time stepping for a
transient simulation:
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New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
– Besides using the default minimum CFL condition (where the time step is set to the minimum
value calculated for all the cells in the domain), you can now opt to instead use the averaged
CFL condition (where the time step is set to the average value calculated for all the cells in
the domain).
– You can now select the CFL type, that is, the version of the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL)
condition that is satisfied when calculating the time step size. Whereas in previous releases
the time step size was always calculated using a combination of acoustic, convective, and
viscous time scales, you can now select CFL types that use only one or two of these time
scales, which can be more appropriate for particular cases. As part of this change, the default
CFL type is now based on the convective velocity only, which is well suited for low speed
and incompressible flows, and may produce a more aggressive time step size. If you want
to revert to the CFL type that was the default in previous releases and is based on the widest
variety of time scales for the flow, use the following text command to set the CFL type to
4: solve/set/transient-control/cfl-based-time-stepping-advancedoptions.
For further details, see Specifying Parameters for CFL-Based Time Stepping.
Fluent Native GPU Solver
• The GPU solver supports updating parametric studies sequentially (for variations in parameters
that are supported by the GPU). See Using the Fluent Native GPU Solver for details.
• The Fluent GPU Solver now supports the following physics models:
– For the species transport model, the Finite-Rate/No TCI turbulence-chemistry interaction
model and the Stiff Chemistry Solver are now supported.
– The Sponge layers acoustics model is now supported.
• For material properties, density can now be defined using the piecewise-linear, piecewisepolynomial, and polynomial options.
• The Fluent GPU Solver now supports Rotational Periodic boundary conditions.
• The Fluent GPU Solver now incorporates poor mesh numerics for poor quality meshes.
• Coupled solver with steady state flows and flow courant number
• Second Order Upwind for Density
• Optimized LES Numerics
Density-based Solver
• Frame Motion and Solid Motion for solid zones are now compatible with the density-based
solver.
Adjoint Solver Module
• The adjoint species equations now support species models with the stiff chemistry solver.
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Fluent
• The adjoint solver now incorporates the same 1st order poor mesh numerics used by the
conventional fluent solver.
• The following numerics settings have been added to the design tool for improving the
smoothness of deformation when using the enhanced constraint method:
– Improve Smoothness by Solving Primary Morpher
– Improve Smoothness by Masking Shape Sensitivity
– Improve Smoothness with 2nd Order Local Scheme
– Improve Solvability/Smoothness with More Local Control Points
– Improve Smoothness with More Global Control Points
• When using the gradient based optimizer for turbulence model optimization, you can now
enable turbulence source terms as design variables.
Graphics, Reporting, and Postprocessing
• Mass-weighted averaging is now available for circumferential axial and radial plots. Refer to
XY Plots of Circumferential Averages in the Fluent User's Guide for additional information.
• The appearance of selections made in the graphics window is improved with an increased
default edge thickness and the option to make the selection color transparent on front-facing
edges. These two preferences are Edge Thickness and Front Edge Transparency, and they
are both listed under Selections in the Appearance branch of Preferences (File>Preferences...).
Parametric Studies
• The GPU solver supports updating parametric studies sequentially (for variations in parameters
that are supported by the GPU). See Using the Fluent Native GPU Solver for details.
• You can now better control how you manage design point updates using the case file through
the Read Case Before Each Design Point Update context menu option in the Parametric
Study View. See Reusing Your Case File in the Fluent User's Guide for details.
• You can choose to open a parametric project without loading any case and/or data files into
the session (also known as a "lightweight" project), allowing you to more easily update sequential or concurrent design point studies and to add design points using optiSLang. See Using
Lightweight Parametric Projects in the Fluent User's Guide for details.
• Parametric reports can now include XY plot comparisons between design point data, with filtering options. See Comparing Parametric Results in the Fluent User's Guide for details.
Simulation Reports
• Simulation reports can now include histograms. See Steps for Generating Histogram Plots in
the Fluent User's Guide and Options for Histogram Plots in the Fluent User's Guide for details.
• Simulation reports saved as PowerPoint presentations have improved formatting features, such
as
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New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
– improved navigation cues (for example, breadcrumbs that describe your position in the
report)
– improved presentation layout (for example, section header slides for top-level sections
of the report)
– improved table formatting (for example, removal of excessive rows)
– improved plot & legend formatting (for example, proper default alignment of plot legend
and plot area, automatic log y-axis for residual plots)
– improved description fields (for example, separate fields for descriptions)
.
Turbo Workflow
• Boundaries previously referred to as "casings" in the Turbo Topology definition are now referred
to as "shrouds."
User-Defined Memory
• You can now allocate memory to specific zones rather than the default of the whole domain.
Fluent in Workbench
• When performing a parametric analysis in Fluent Meshing, you are now able to specify two
values of processors (Number of Parallel Processors and Number of Cores for Pre-RSM
Foreground Update) such that the proper number of processors can be utilized in their respective environments. See Support for the Remote Solve Manager (RSM) in Fluent (with Fluent
Meshing) Systems for details.
Web Interface
• You are able to use the Fluent web interface (Ansys FLOW) to remotely interact with and review
the progress of your Fluent CFD simulations. See Remotely Accessing Your Simulations Using
Ansys Fluent's Web Interface for details.
System Coupling
• You can now use Zone-based User-Defined Memory (UDM) storage to create data transfer
variables for System Coupling.
Beta Features
• There are also some exciting new enhancements available as beta features that you may be
interested in trying out. Detailed documentation is in the Fluent 2024 R1 Beta Features Manual.
2.2.3. Fluent Applications
New features available in the client applications of Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 are listed below.
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Fluent
Fluent Remote Visualization Client
• You can now save images in GLB format. Refer to Saving Pictures of the Graphics Window in
the Fluent Workspaces User's Guide for additional information.
Fluent Icing
Fluent Icing allows you to easily conduct in-flight icing simulations within a dedicated Fluent
Application Client environment. The following additional functionality has been added in this
release.
• Anti-icing CHT
– The steady-state anti-icing CHT solution mode is upgraded from beta to release. Antiicing CHT couples heat transfer between airflow, solid substrate and icing layer, allowing
you to simulate thermal ice protection systems with constant heat supply. Compared
to FENSAP-ICE, Fluent Icing CHT is on average 7x faster as a result of avoiding solution
file I/O during CHT loops and the native heat conduction solver of Fluent which is more
efficient than the C3D module of FENSAP-ICE.
• SLD and Ice Crystal Reinjection
– The external reinjection functionality of FENSAP-ICE is now available in Fluent Icing. With
this functionality, SLDs and ice crystals that splash and bounce off frontal aircraft surfaces
can be tracked and reimpinge on downstream surfaces. Applications include, but not limited
to, air intakes, particle separators, pitot tubes, deployed wing configurations and more.
• Remeshing Prisms Using First Cell Height
– Prism layers during multishot remeshing icing simulations are now created using a first cell
height instead of an aspect ratio. This provides a more consistent first cell height distribution
on walls. Backward compatibility is provided for older cases that were run with the aspect
ratio method, which will continue to run with the aspect ratio option until the setting is
modified.
Fluent Aero
Fluent Aero allows you to easily explore the aerodynamic performance of aircrafts under a wide
range of flight regimes, from subsonic to hypersonic conditions, all within a dedicated Fluent
Application Client environment. A streamlined workflow guides you through the creation of a
matrix of flight conditions or design points where single and multiple flight parameters, such as
angle of attack, Mach number, altitude, etc., can vary. Most common models, solvers, and convergence settings of Fluent are tuned using the latest best practices for external aerodynamic
problems and are available in Fluent Aero’s user interface. In this manner, simulations can be
conducted in a quick and user-friendly environment. The full capabilities of the Fluent Solution
workspace remain accessible when its session is displayed through Workspaces → Solution
within the Fluent Aero ribbon. Tutorials are available to provide examples on how to conduct
exploratory simulations using single and multiple flight parameters.
In this release, a broad range of features have been added and are described below.
• Aerodynamic Extraction Tool (AET)
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New Features in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
– The Aerodynamic Extraction Tool (AET) is an automated workflow intended to extract
the performance characteristics of a rotor blade and produce airfoil performance
definition files that can be used to define the rotor performance in Fluent’s Virtual Blade
Model (VBM). Moved to full release in 2024 R1, it includes a number of improvements
over the beta release, including improved CAD generation (resolved various CAD limitations related to leading- and trailing-edge identification, among others), ability to restart
the mesh generation step (to repair/improve mesh of individual sections) and a set of
ribbon commands for easy access to a particular step of the AET Workflow.
• Airflow Properties and Physics
– A Knudsen Number Criterion threshold has been added to auto detect where transition
from the continuum hypothesis to the free molecular regime will occur. If the Knudsen
number crosses this threshold criterion, Fluent Aero will automatically use laminar flow and
partial slip wall conditions to better represent the rarefied gas type conditions. Moreover,
you will be informed via a color-coded Knudsen Number column in the Input:Design
Points table.
– Additional Air Properties can now be selected from Fluent Aero to support ionization. These
Earth atmosphere mixtures correspond to the air-11 species (Park) and air-11 species
(Gupta).
– When Beta Features are enabled in File → Preferences... → Aero, a new Unit System
Displayed setting allows you to display physical values using different types of unit systems
in Fluent Aero. You can select from five unit systems (SI, Fluent Default, Fluent British,
British Technical and US Engineering).
• Automation and Scripting
– A Convergence Criteria option has been added to the Solve step, allowing you to customize
or disable convergence conditions independent of the selection made to the Convergence
Settings.
– Fluent Aero’s Convergence Settings → Default and Robust DBNS settings have been updated to improve convergence. Species initialization can now be accounted for in Initialization Method → FMG and Spatial Discretization Limiter → Cell-to-Node limiting can also
be used. Both new options are configurable in the Solve panel when Convergence Settings
is set to Custom.
• Post-Processing and Monitoring
– Automatically computed aerodynamic forces and moment coefficients can now be displayed
in Wind-Fixed Axes and/or Body-Fixed Axes, using Results → Tables → Display Aero
Forces.
– When Beta Features are enabled in File → Preferences... → Aero, more advanced Fluent
style post-processing objects can be enabled by selecting Results → Advanced Results.
You can now display multiple surfaces, contours and scenes at each design point. Furthermore, it is now possible to use a python script to export images over several design points.
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Fluent
Fluent Materials Processing
• All available derived quantities are displayed, enabled when appropriate, so that you can now
enable/disable those that you desire. In addition, the list of derived quantities has increased
to include Convected Heat (available for boundaries of fluid zones in thermal simulations).
See Generating Derived Quantities From Your Solution in the Fluent Workspaces User's Guide
for details.
• You now have more control over the names of the mesh objects that the workspace generates.
Using Preferences, you can use the previous behavior of creating and displaying mesh objects
with generic names, hide the mesh objects entirely from view, or use the new default of
naming the mesh objects based on topological names found in the mesh file. See Setting
Preferences for Fluent Materials Processing in the Fluent Workspaces User's Guide for details.
• Support for generalized expressions has been added to the workspace such that, in addition
to time, expressions of various properties can also be functions of pressure, temperature, x-,
y- , z-component of coordinates, u-, v-, w-components of velocities, etc. See Expressions for
Generalized Simulations in the Fluent Workspaces User's Guide for details.
• Support for the transport of species has been added to the workspace.
• Support for film casting has been added to the workspace, allowing for the simulation of
polymer film casting.
• Support for filling simulations using the volume of fluid (vof ) technique has been added to
the workspace.
• For extrusion simulations, support for free jet stabilization has been added to the workspace.
• Support for conveyor rollers as a guiding device boundary condition has been added to the
workspace.
See Fluent Materials Processing Workspace for more information.
2.3. Updates Affecting Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 Code Behavior
The following sections list the code changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1.
2.3.1. Meshing Mode
2.3.2. Solution Mode
2.3.3. Fluent Applications
General
2.3.1. Meshing Mode
This section contains a list of code changes implemented in the meshing mode of Ansys Fluent 2024
R1 that may cause behavior and/or output that is different from the previous release.
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Updates Affecting Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 Code Behavior
Meshing
• 2D workflow
• In previous releases, after changing the Region Type within the Update Regions settings
using the drop-down menu, you must click somewhere in the interface to apply your selection.
In this release, after selecting a new region for the Region Type the change will immediately
be applied.
• In previous releases, when loading a CAD geometry within the fault-tolerant meshing workflow,
import messages related to the geometry would be printed in the console. In this release,
when using either the fault tolerant meshing workflow or the 2D meshing guided workflow,
CAD import messages will be generated in a .log file within your working directory after
loading the geometry.
• The following file formats are no longer supported in the meshing mode of Ansys Fluent and
therefore can no longer be imported:
– FIDAP neutral
– IDEAS universal
– PATRAN neutral
Meshing Workflows
• The Watertight Geometry Workflow
– In the Import Geometry task, you can now choose face for the Separate Zone By option.
This option will preserve the face/edge topology of the imported CAD geometry so that
these individual entities can be selected while setting up a multizone mesh.
– For the Generate the Volume Mesh task, you can now specify a custom value for the
smoothess factor for normal prism layers using the Normal Smooth relaxation factor option.
• The Fault-Tolerant Workflow
– For the Generate the Volume Mesh task, you can now specify a custom value for the
smoothess factor for normal prism layers using the Prism Normal Smooth relaxation factor
option.
– For the Generate the Volume Mesh task, you can now choose different types of mesh
quality controls using the Quality Method option.
2.3.2. Solution Mode
This section contains a list of code changes implemented in the solution mode of Ansys Fluent 2024
R1 that may cause behavior and/or results that are different from the previous release.
Files
• Images exported to AVZ format now show the model in the same orientation as it appeared
in the active Fluent graphics window when the picture was saved. In previous releases, images
saved in AVZ format always showed the model in isometric view.
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Fluent
• Files exported to CGNS now correctly report the cellSize when only the mesh is exported. In
some instances, such as importing to Tecplot, this may be undesirable. If this behavior change
is causing an issue with your workflow, this default change can be reverted by setting
file/export/settings/cgns-default-cellsize-changes to no.
Turbulence
• In Release 2023R2, an earlier version of the GEKO turbulence model was implemented in the
Fluent-GPU solver. The formulation is now consolidated with the GEKO model implemented
in the Fluent-CPU solver. Validation of the mixing layer and backward facing step flow revealed
only minor differences in results between the two versions.
• For turbulence models based on the transport equation of the specific dissipation rate, the
wall cell extrapolation of the specific dissipation rate from the cell center to the wall face was
consolidated with the Fluent-CPU solver.
The 2023R2 Fluent-GPU behavior can be recovered by the following command: (rpsetvar
'gpuapp/use-omega-wall-extrpln-bc? #f )
• The value of kappa used in the Spalart-Allmaras model for interior terms was inconsistent with
the reference publications of the model. Fluent historically used a value of 0.4187, but to
produce results consistent with the published model, the value should be 0.41. This issue was
first addressed in a previous Fluent version and access to the kappa value was given in the
GUI while keeping the old default of 0.4187. In Fluent 2024 R1, the default value is now changed
to 0.41. The modification can be reverted in the GUI or using the following TUI command:
/solve/set/previous-defaults/undo-2024r1-default-changes?
Discrete Phase Model
• For the Lagrangian wall film (LWF) model, the gas-side boundary layer model is now enabled
by default. Settings in existing cases created after version R17.0 will be respected.
Multiphase Models
• Modeling of open channel flows in conjunction with the translation moving reference frame
(MRF) has been improved resulting in more accurate and stable solution. In addition, a solution
methodology has been suggested to provide better stability for high-speed hull simulations.
(Recommendations for Setting Up an Open Channel Flow Problem)
Density-Based Solver
• The High Speed Numerics have been updated to increase the robustness of the Roe-FDS
numerical flux against shock-instabilities and the carbuncle phenomenon. This modification
may produce a slight solution change for cases combining Roe-FDS and HSN.
Parallel Processing
• Using dynamic process spawning now requires that you manually specify the interconnect as
-pethernet for shared memory or distributed memory without InfiniBand, and -pib.ofed
for distributed memory over InfiniBand.
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Features To Be Removed in a Future Release
2.3.3. Fluent Applications
This section contains a list of code changes implemented in the client applications of Ansys Fluent
2024 R1 that may cause behavior and/or output that is different from the previous release.
Fluent Materials Processing
• – The number of processors used by the workspace solver has been increased from 2 to
4 processors.
– Mesh objects created by the workspace no longer use generic naming conventions
(mesh-1, mesh-2, etc.) by default. The new default is to use the topological names
found in the mesh file. The behavior can be changed using Preferences. See Setting
Preferences for Fluent Materials Processing in the Fluent Workspaces User's Guide for
details.
2.4. Features To Be Removed in a Future Release
This section contains a list of features that are supported in Release 2024 R1, but will be removed in a
future release of Ansys Fluent. It is recommended that you begin to migrate any cases that use these
features at your earliest convenience.
Solution Mode
• Files
– Import of the following file types is Removed:
→ FIDAP
→ I-deas Universal
→ LSTC
→ Marc POST
→ PATRAN Neutral
→ PTC Mechanica Design
→ Fluent 4 Case File
→ PreBFC File
– Export of the following file types is Removed:
→ AVS
→ Data Explorer
→ I-deas Universal
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Fluent
→ PATRAN Neutral
→ PATRAN Nodal (was TUI only)
– Import and export of the following Fluent-Solid Interaction (FSI) file formats is Removed:
→ I-deas Universal
→ Mechanical APDL
→ PATRAN Neutral
Note:
If you still require access to importing/exporting any of the above mentioned
formats, enter (enable-feature 'deprecated-import-exportformats) in the console.
• Parallel Processing
– Using General Purpose Graphical Processing Units (GPGPUs) in offload mode to accelerate the
calculations of the following is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release. Note that
offload mode (which involves the Solver GPGPUs per Machine (Offload Mode) setting in
Fluent Launcher, the -gpgpu command line option, and/or specialized text commands, as
described in the links that follow) is distinct from the Fluent native GPU solver. It is recommended that you migrate to using the native GPU solver, using the fully supported features where
possible (see Using the Fluent Native GPU Solver) or trying the beta features where necessary
(see Fluent GPU Solver Beta Features in the Fluent Beta Features Manual).
→ accelerated Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) solver (Using General Purpose Graphics Processing
Units (GPGPUs) With the Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) Solver)
→ accelerated view factor calculations (using the hemicube or ray tracing method) for the
surface-to-surface radiation model (Accelerating View Factor Calculations Using General
Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs))
→ accelerated Discrete Ordinates (DO) radiation model calculations (Accelerating Discrete Ordinates (DO) Radiation Calculations)
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Chapter 3: Resolved Issues and Limitations in Ansys
Fluent 2024 R1
For lists of issues that have been resolved in the meshing mode and solution mode of Ansys Fluent
2024 R1, see the Resolved Issues and Limitations document.
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Chapter 4: New Limitations in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
For lists of new or recently discovered limitations known to exist in the meshing mode and solution
mode of Ansys Fluent 2024 R1, see the Known Issues and Limitations document.
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Chapter 5: Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent
2024 R1
The following sections list the text command changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1.
5.1. Meshing Mode
5.2. Solution Mode
5.1. Meshing Mode
Changes to each of the text command menus are listed. Note that a modified text command may have
new, revised, and/or removed prompts, while a new text command is one that did not exist in previous
releases of the meshing mode of Ansys Fluent.
5.2. Solution Mode
Changes to each of the text command menus are listed. Note that a modified text command may have
new, revised, and/or removed prompts, while a new text command is one that did not exist in previous
releases of Fluent.
define/models/battery-model/
swelling-model-parameters (Changed)
A new battery geometry type, pouch cell, has been added. Prompts for the cylindrical and
prismatic cells have been modified.
define/models/battery-model/
thermal-abuse-model (Changed)
A new prompt for selecting the thermal abuse model has been added. The available options
are: Arrhenius rate (default in releases prior to 24.1), Data Table, and UDF. Journal files
created prior to Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 can still be used by setting TUI version to a prior version
using the file/set-tui-version text command.
define/models/battery-model/
use-orthotropic-material? (New)
Defines orthotropic thermal conductivity for the battery material (see Defining Orthotropic
Thermal Conductivity in the Fluent User's Guide for details).
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Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
define/boundary-conditions/bc-settings/
degassing-verbosity (New)
Sets the verbosity level of the total mass flow rate at the degassing boundary. If set to 1 (the
default), the information will be reported in the console. Changing it to 0 disables the reporting.
This item is available only when a degassing boundary condition is being used in the simulation.
define/dynamic-mesh/controls/smoothing-parameters/
local-smoothing? (New)
Enables/disables local smoothing, when the smoothing method is based on a radial basis function
interpolation. Local smoothing limits the amount of the domain that is smoothed to only those
cells that are close to the moving boundary zone(s), to ensure that the mesh away from the
moving boundary remains undisturbed by the smoothing, and to decrease the computational
time required for smoothing.
define/dynamic-mesh/controls/smoothing-parameters/
number-local-layers (New)
Sets the number of layers of cells adjacent to the moving boundary zone that are smoothed as
part of local smoothing with the radial basis function method. If Fluent detects boundary layers
on the moving boundary zone, they are smoothed before and independently of the local
smoothing region, ensuring that they retain their shape as much as possible. The portion of the
mesh smoothed by the local smoothing is then evaluated starting from the edge of the
boundary layers.
define/dynamic-mesh/controls/smoothing-parameters/
smooth-boundary-layers-with-adjacent-zone? (New)
Enables/disables the smoothing of the boundary layers adjacent to a moving boundary zone
before and independently of the bulk of the mesh, ensuring that they retain their shape as
much as possible. This text command is only available with the radial basis function smoothing
method, when the following text command is disabled: define/dynamic-mesh/controls/smoothing-parameters/local-smoothing?.
define/materials/
change-create (Changed)
For reacting multicomponent particle cases, new prompts appear for setting reactions.
define/mesh-interfaces/auto-options/
set-minimum-area-percentage (New)
Sets the minimum area percentage of overlap for one-to-one mesh interface creation. If zones
are paired using the automatic method, after the mesh interfaces are created, a check will be
done: if the area that two zones overlap divided by the area of the zone is less than this value
for both zones in any mesh interface, then that mesh interface will be deleted. This can help
you avoid unnecessary or unintentional mesh interfaces. By default the minimum area percentage
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Solution Mode
is set to 0, so no pairings are deleted. When you are setting up a sliding mesh simulation in
which the zones begin with little or no overlap and then slide into a position that includes more
overlap, you should make sure the minimum area percentage is set such that it does not delete
your intended mesh interface.
define/mesh-interfaces/
delete-interfaces-with-small-overlap (New)
Deletes one-to-one mesh interfaces that have a small area of overlap. You define the area percentage that is used for deletion: if the area that the two zones overlap divided by the area of
the zone is less than this value for both zones in any mesh interface, then that mesh interface
will be deleted.
define/mesh-interfaces/
list (Changed)
When using this text command with one-to-one mesh interfaces, a list of the mesh interfaces
along with the area percentage that each interface boundary overlaps the other is now printed.
define/models/dpm/injections/
create-injection (Changed)
For reacting multicomponent particle cases, the options for defining the vaporizing species include the fluid materials of the gas-phase mixture and none instead of immiscible-notvaporizing.
define/models/
optics/ (New)
Enters the optics menu, where you can set up the aero-optics model and thereby assess the
impact of fluid flow on the functioning of an optical device.
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/
model (New)
Specifies the model for translational-vibrational energy relaxation. The available options are
Millikan-White or Park, with Park set as the default option.
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/
expert (New)
Enters the expert menu for Park’s model.
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/expert/
number-of-objects (New)
Specifies the number of collisions for Park’s model.
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Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/expert/
list-all (New)
Lists the vibrational constants for all collisions.
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/expert/
list-properties (New)
Lists the vibrational constants for the specified collision.
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/expert/
edit (New)
Edits the vibrational constants for the specified collision.
define/models/two-temperature/translational-vibrational-energy-relaxation/expert/
delete (New)
Deletes the vibrational constants for the specified collision.
define/phases/set-domain-properties/interaction-domain/heat-mass-reactions/
mass-transfer (Changed)
For the non-equilibrium boiling and critical heat flux boiling models, new prompts for choosing
the boiling bending function and specifying its parameters have been added. Journal and script
files created prior to Ansys Fluent 2024 R1 must be modified accordingly.
define/turbo-model/
export-boundary-mesh (New)
Exports boundary data for that can be imported into CFX-Pre or CFD-Post as a user surface, or
used in System Coupling mapping.
display/raytracer/background/
env-color (New)
Specifies the color of the lighting in the environment.
display/raytracer/background/
env-intensity (New)
Specifies the intensity of the lighting in the environment.
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Solution Mode
display/raytracer/background/
horizontal (Changed)
The command name was previously called longitude and is now changed to match the
graphical user interface for the same operation.
display/raytracer/background/
spin (New)
Rotates/spins the environment along its view direction according to the number of degrees
provided.
display/raytracer/background/
vertical (Changed)
The command name was previously called latitude and is now changed to match the graphical
user interface for the same operation.
file/export/settings/
cgns-default-cellsize-changes (New)
Enabled by default, this setting ensures the cellSize property is reported according to CGNS
expectations when only the mesh is exported. Some third-party software, such as Tecplot, may
require that the cellSize be reported differently. In such cases, disable this setting.
file/
set-error-on-invalid-command (New)
Specifies whether to abort a journal replay on encountering an invalid command. By default,
this option is enabled.
file/
write-circumferential-averaged-profile (New)
Writes a circumferential-averaged profile for an axial or radial turbomachine.
mesh/geometry/
add (Changed)
When adding an auxiliary geometry definition where the type is a primitive that is a plane,
a new compute setting allows you to define the plane by entering the name or ID of a planar
face zone.
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Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
mesh/geometry/
edit (Changed)
When editing an auxiliary geometry definition where the type is a primitive that is a plane,
a new compute setting allows you to define the plane by entering the name or ID of a planar
face zone.
parallel/multidomain/
conjugate-heat-transfer/ (Changed)
This text command menu is now available for steady flows that use the pressure-based solver.
parallel/multidomain/conjugate-heat-transfer/
enable? (Changed)
This text command is now available for steady flows that use the pressure-based solver.
parallel/multidomain/conjugate-heat-transfer/
set/ (Changed)
This text command menu is now available for steady flows that use the pressure-based solver.
parallel/multidomain/conjugate-heat-transfer/set/
coupling (Changed)
This text command is now available for steady flows that use the pressure-based solver.
plot/
circum-avg-axial (Changed)
There is an additional prompt, after the number of bands, asking if the plot should use areaweighted averaging (default) or mass-weighted averaging (new).
plot/
circum-avg-radial (Changed)
There is an additional prompt, after the number of bands, asking if the plot should use areaweighted averaging (default) or mass-weighted averaging.
solve/animate/
keyframe-animation/ (New)
Contains options related to keyframe animations.
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Solution Mode
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/
add-keyframe (New)
Specifies a keyframe number and adds a frame to the keyframe animation.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/
delete-all-keyframes (New)
Deletes all defined keyframes.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/
play (New)
Plays the defined keyframe animation.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/
read-animation (New)
Allows for the reading of a animation file.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/
set-custom-frames/ (New)
Contains options for setting how the keyframes are played as an animation.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/set-custom-frames/
end-keyframe (New)
Specifies which keyframe is used as the last frame in the animation.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/set-custom-frames/
increment (New)
Specifies the increment used to control how the animation progresses. For example, a value of
1 means the animation will play every frame, a value of 2 means the animation will play every
other frame, and so on.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/set-custom-frames/
start-keyframe (New)
Specifies which keyframe is used as the first frame in the animation.
solve/animate/keyframe-animation/
write-animation (New)
Saves the keyframe animation with the provided name in the specified format.
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Text Command Changes in Ansys Fluent 2024 R1
solve/initialize/
set-fmg-options/ (Changed)
This text command menu is now only available after performing standard or hybrid initialization
or reading data.
solve/set/advanced/anisotropic-solid-heat-transfer/
relaxation (New)
Allows you to define the relaxation for the heat flux coefficient for anisotropic solid zones. Setting
this value to be less than the default value of 1 can help with convergence in certain cases. This
text command is only available when using the pressure-based solver with the energy equation
enabled and a solid zone with an anisotropic option (other than biaxial) selected for the thermal
conductivity.
solve/set/advanced/
turbomachinery-specific-numerics/ (New)
Enters the turbomachinery-specific numerics menu. This text command menu is only available
when the turbo model is enabled for a steady calculation with the pressure-based solver selected
and the pseudo time method set to the global time step option.
solve/set/advanced/turbomachinery-specific-numerics/
enable? (New)
Enables/disables built-in customized numerics settings that can help to achieve and accelerate
the convergence for turbomachinery flows. For further details, see Turbomachinery-Specific
Numerics in the Fluent User's Guide.
solve/set/multiphase-numerics/heat-mass-transfer/cavitation/
p-limit-method (New)
Allows you to select the pressure limiting method from the following options:
• local-pvap-min: Limits the pressure to the local minimum of vapor pressures.
• global-pvap-min: Limits the pressure to the global minimum of vapor pressures from
all cells.
• pabs-min: Limits the pressure to the absolute minimum pressure specified under
solution limits specified by the solve/set/multiphase-numerics/heat-masstransfer/cavitation/min-vapor-pressure text command.
solve/set/transient-controls/
cfl-based-time-stepping-advanced-options (New)
Allows you to specify the following advanced settings for the CFL-based time stepping:
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of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
Published: 2023-10-23
Solution Mode
• You can specify whether to use the minimum CFL condition (that is, use the minimum
time step calculated for all the cells in the domain) or the averaged CFL condition (in
which the time step is the average value calculated for all the cells in the domain). By
default the minimum CFL condition is used.
• You can select the CFL type, that is, the version of the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL)
condition that is satisfied. You have the following options:
– [1]Convective
For this type, the time step size that is calculated is purely based on the convective
velocity. This type may be more appropriate with low speed and incompressible flows,
and is selected by default.
– [2]Convective-Diffusive
For this type, the time step size is calculated using the convective velocity contribution
along with the viscous time scale. This type is recommended when viscous forces are
dominant in the flow and the velocity is very small.
– [3]Acoustic
For this type, the time step size is calculated using the speed of sound rather than the
convective velocity, and the contribution of the viscous time scale is ignored. Thus,
this type is recommended for supersonic compressible flows when viscous effects are
not important.
– [4]Flow
For this type, the time step size is calculated using a combination of acoustic, convective, and viscous time scales. It has been tested for various problems and is able to resolve most of the flow scales, though it may produce a less aggressive time step.
display/set/rendering-options/
front-faces-transparent? (Changed)
This command was previously called outer-face-cull?, but is now updated to match the name
in the graphical user interface. The old command name will continue to work.
Release 2024 R1 - © ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
Published: 2023-10-23
33
34
Release 2024 R1 - © ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
Published: 2023-10-23