Securities registration, depository, clearing and settlment system 1 NOTION Securities depository, registration and clearing system is a system of facilities and people for pre- , - in and posttransaction processing including securities registration, securities depository, clearing and settlement of securities transactions for smooth securities trading. 2 System operations - - 3 Registration activity: is the registration of information about securities and the ownership of securities by holders. Clearing: is the processing of information about securities transactions in order to give a final net figure that the participants must pay after the transaction. Payment activity: is the activity of completing securities transactions, in which the parties will fulfill their obligations. Depository activities: is the activity of storing and preserving customer's securities and helping customers exercise their rights to depository securities. The role of the system 4 1. Reduce risks for stock market activity 2. Reduce costs for stock market participants 3. Promote fast capital flow 4. Help effectively manage the stock market 5. Ensure that securities transactions are completed The organizational model of the DEPOSITORY ⚫ ⚫ 5 The first model: The depository fully performs the functions of the system The second model (functional division): each participating organization in the market will perform one or several activities of the system. Functions of the depository ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 6 Management of client custodial securities Provide certificates of ownership and information on the changing situation of custodial securities to clients Payment of money and securities through the account system Distribution of interest, payment of principal and dividends to owners of securities Exercise the rights of the holder to the securities deposited at the Depository Carry out transfers, transfers, withdrawals, pledges of securities through bookkeeping entries in the account system Providing information about fake, stolen securities ... Vietnam Securities Depository (VDS) Being a state-owned one-member limited liability company ⚫ Works according to the first model ⚫ Operating capital of the depository includes: - Charter capital: VND 1000 billion, - Self-replenishing capital from after-tax profits and other lawful sources of capital - Sources of loans and other lawfully mobilized capital ⚫ 7 1. SECURITIES REGISTRATION ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 8 Registration of information about securities: name of securities, ticker symbol, number of securities, type of securities ... Registration of information about the owner of securities: Full name, ownership registration number, address, contact phone of the owner, number of securities owned ... PURPOSE The issuer provides detailed information about shareholders, types and quantities of securities owned so that the depository center and depository members have grounds to receive shareholders' securities into the depository ⚫ To determine who is entitled to the rights of the depository securities ⚫ Help customers exercise their rights to depository securities: the right to receive dividends, the right to vote, the right to receive dividends and principal capital, the right to buy, the right to convert,... ⚫ Provide transfer agent services as authorized by the Issuer. ⚫ 9 REGISTRATION CASES - Issued securities - New issued securities, additional issuances - Securities name change, split 10 Types of securities subject to registration 11 Registration of issued securities - - 12 Registering bookkeeping depository: applicable to the case of issuing bookkeeping securities or securities but the issuer converts to the form of bookkeeping before registering the depository - Registration of certificate depository: applicable to the case of an issuer issuing securities printed by the state treasury For public companies ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 13 Securities must be centrally registered at a securities depository Must select 1 securities company as a consultant for the implementation of securities depository registration Must convert the par value of securities Must convert physical certificate to bookkeeping form (if any) Owners of securities who want to trade will have to make transactions at securities companies For public companies (continued) - 14 Coordinate with depository members, depository centers to carry out bookkeeping procedures for customers Coordination of transfer restriction share information management Provide change information in the depository registration file Notification of information related to the exercise of rights to depository members Exercising rights 15 How rights are exercised Issuers Holders of non-deposited securities Holders of deposited securities 16 4 nominated bank for payment Depository members 1 Depository centre (4) 2 3 Diagram annotations (1): The issuer notifies the depository of the last registration date and rights exercise information (2): the depository notifies the depository member of the last registration date and requires the creation of a list of holders of depository securities (3): depository member for depository The list of holders of depository securities (4): The depository shall make a consolidated list of shareholders (including the list of holders of depository and non-depository securities), calculate the right to allocate and transfer it to the 17 Issuer for confirmation. 2. SECURITIES DEPOSITORY - - 18 Is the activity of storing and preserving securities of customers; Perform services related to opening depository accounts, depositing, withdrawing, transferring, performing secured transactions such as pledges, disbursement of securities... Manage the safe import, export and preservation of securities certificates at the stock certificate warehouse. Form of depository General Depository: is a form of depository in which securities of the same type of issuer are managed together, not separately by each customer. ⚫ Advantage: - Simplify procedures - Facilitate customers to carry out securities transactions - Facilitate customers when they want to withdraw securities - The depository can provide utility services for depository securities ⚫ 19 Form of depository (continued) Separate depository: is the form of depository in which enrolled securities are deposited and managed in the name of the customer depositing such securities. Kept separate from other customers' securities Withdraw the correct type of deposited securities Additional purchases/upsells must specify the series, stock code and other characteristics (if any) High depository costs ⚫ 20 Securities Depository Account ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 21 Trading securities account: used to reflect the number of securities available by the client Pledged securities account: used to reflect the number of securities pledged Securities account waiting for listing (waiting for transaction): used to account for the number of securities waiting for listing but still allowed to be deposited at the depository Securities account waiting for withdrawal: used to account for the number of securities customers wish to withdraw but are waiting for withdrawal Securities Depository Account ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 22 Clearing account for traded securities (pending payment): used to account for the delivery and receipt of securities according to securities settlement documents Suspended trading account: Controlled securities, no longer controlled, but suspended from trading to redefine the reference price Custody account: received from the use of payment support funds Depository members ⚫ Depository members: Securities companies, commercial banks Depository members open direct accounts: (article 9) including - state bank - state treasury - State Capital Investment and Trading Corporation - Credit and insurance institutions participating in the Government bond market organized by stock exchanges and securities trading centers - depository of countries 23 - Other subjects as prescribed by the securities depository ⚫ Principles of securities depository activities According to article 21: Management in 2 levels Customers must sign an open contract with depository member Depository member must open TKLK in DM's name at Depository Centre 24 S¬ ®å hÖ thèng Tµi kho¶n TTGDCKTTLK HN TVLK 1 Môi giới nước ngoài CÊp Trung t©m 100 150 Môi giới nước ngoài TVLK 1 50 TVLK B A CÊp ThµNH VI£N Môi giới trong nước 50 50 Môi giới trong nước Nhà đầu tư A Nhà đầu tư B Nhà đầu tư C Lu ký 50 CK Lu ký 50 CK Lu ký 100 Tự doanh D C 100 50 Nhà đầu tư D Nhà đầu tư nước ngoài 50 TVLK Lu ký 50 Lu ký 50 25 Tù doanh Nhà đầu tư trong nước CUSTODY ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT 26 ⚫ Customers carry out procedures for opening accounts and depositing securities at depository members ⚫ depository member opens detailed securities depository account for each client ⚫ The depository opens securities depository accounts for depository members under two self-employed and brokerage accounts (domestic and foreign) - not detailed to each investor ⚫ Management of foreign investor ownership information: ⚫ Foreign investors apply to a depository for a securities trading code through a depository member Principles of management of securities depository accounts At the securities depository: 27 At Securities companies: Services related to opening securities depository accounts ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 28 Deposit of securities (article 28) Withdrawal of securities (article 29) Transfer of securities (article 30) Pledge and release of pledge (article 31) For pledged securities Depository members are only allowed to pledge customer securities deposited at the Depository when: - Depository members who give credit to depository customers and are collateralized with securities that are included in the aggregate depository at the Depository - The depository customer has a written authorization for the depository member at his/her securities account when the depository member wishes to be refinanced from the depository center 29 Securities Pledge and Clearance Process Depository Members (3) 7 6 4 Depository (5) 2 Depository members 7 Pledger Pledgee 1 30 6 Diagram annotations 31 1: The pledger and the pledgee sign a contract to pledge securities 2: The pledger carries out procedures for pledging securities with a depository member where the pledger opens an account 3: the pledger depository member will check the validity and accuracy of the dossier and open a pledge account for the client; accounting for securities from trading account to securities pledge account 4: the pledger depository member will notify the depository of the pledge transaction 5: The depository opens a pledge account for depository members and accounts for the number of pledged securities according to regulations 6: The depository notifies the result of the pledge to the depository member of the pledger and the pledgee For public companies ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 32 Investors must open a trading account at 1 securities company to trade securities of an unlisted public company In case the investor already has a listed securities trading account, he/she will immediately use that account to trade and deposit unlisted securities. The depository of securities is carried out in a 2-level model Investors are also provided services by the depository and depository members 3. CLEARING - - + Bilateral clearing - + Multilateral clearing - 33 Clearing is the processing of information about securities transactions, recalculation of which is aimed at determining the final amount and net securities to which the counterparties involved in the transaction are obliged to pay after the transaction is made. - Payment is the final activity for completing securities transactions, in which the parties will fulfill their obligations Principles of clearing 34 1. Condition: Centralized securities at the system 2. Effect: Guaranteed payment of funds and transfer of securities 3. Principle: 4. - Multilateral, bilateral and transaction-by-transaction clearing results 5. - Implement according to each securities and separate by MG account type for domestic, foreign and self-employed customers of depository members 6. Principles of clearing (continued) 3. Nguyên tắc: (tiếp) - Đối với CKNY, thực hiện căn cứ vào KQGD do SGDCK cung cấp - Đối với CKCNY, căn cứ vào KQGD của NĐT được thực hiện tại các CTCK và chuyển vào TTLK thông qua SGDCK - TVLK phải mở tài khoản TTBT chứng khoán chưa niêm yết tại NHCĐTT tách bạch với tài khoản TTBT chứng khoán niêm yết - Kh/hàng mở TK tại NHTM là TVLK, giao dịch qua CTCK, việc thanh toán sẽ do NH lưu ký thực hiện - TVLK có nghĩa vụ thực hiện TTGD cho kh/hàng trong trường hợp TVLK không thực hiện đúng nguyên tắc về quản lý và TTGD theo qui định của luật pháp dẫn tới thiếu tiền hoặc CK để thanh toán. 35 - Chuyển giao chứng khoán cùng với thanh toán tiền (DVP) Clearing method ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 36 Bilateral clearing: is a method of clearing securities transactions matched on the same day according to each pair of trading partners and by each type of securities to determine the net payment obligations for money and securities of each settlement party. Multilateral clearing: is a method of clearing securities transactions that are matched on the same day between all parties to transactions according to each type of securities to determine the net payment obligations for money and securities of each settlement party. Forms of clearing 37 ⚫ Multilateral clearing ⚫ Bilateral Clearing ⚫ Direct payment Multilateral clearing 38 ⚫ Payments based on multilateral clearing results ⚫ Do not identify specific partners of the buyer or seller ⚫ The member's partner is represented by 1 central partner (depository) ⚫ T+3 payment time Example: multilateral clearing (trading results) Transaction Buyer Seller Volume Value (stock) (1,000vnd) 39 1 A B 120 121 2 A C 70 70 3 D A 50 51 4 D B 100 98 5 A C 90 92 6 B C 80 80 7 B D 60 59 Example: multilateral clearing (multilateral clearing results) 40 Transaction Buyer seller Volume Value(1,000 vnd) 1,2,3,5 A TTLK 230 232 1,4,6,7 TTLK B 80 80 2,5,6 TTLK C 240 242 3,4,7 D TTLK 90 90 Bilateral Clearing 41 ⚫ Payments based on bilateral clearing results ⚫ Bilateral clearing: applicable to 1 specific type of securities, according to each trading pair ⚫ Payment time: Bilateral clearing example Transaction 42 Buyer Seller Volume (stock) Value (1,000vnd) 1 A B 120 121 2 A C 70 70 3 D A 50 51 4 D B 100 98 5 A C 90 92 6 B C 80 80 Bilateral clearing example (Bilateral clearing results) 43 Transaction Buyer Seller Volume (stock) Value (1,000vnd) 1 A B 120 121 2,5 A C 160 162 3 D A 50 51 4,7 D B 40 39 6 B C 80 80 Direct payment ⚫ Payment per transaction and not based on clearing results ⚫ Payment time: according to the preferences of the parties to the transaction ⚫ 44 SƠ ĐỒ QUY TRÌNH THANH TOÁN BÙ TRỪ SGDCK/TTGDCK Hệ thống Giao dịch TVLK Bên mua (M) (1) (2) (4) (4) TTLK Bộ phận Lưu ký TK CKGD (M) 45 (9) TK TTBT (M) TTLK (2) TTLK Bộ phận TTBT (3) (11) TVLK Bên bán (B) (3) (4) (4) Ngân hàng chỉ định (6) , (8) , (10) (7) (5) TK TTBT (B) (11) TK CKGD (B) TK TGGD (B) (9) TK TTBT (B) (7) TTLK (5) TK TTBT (M) TK TGGD (M) Chú thích sơ đồ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 46 TTGD gửi kết quả giao dịch cho TTLK TTLK gửi “Thông báo kết quả giao dịch” cho các TVLK. TVLK gửi “Thông báo xác nhận kết quả giao dịch”. Bp. TTBT gửi chứng từ thanh toán cho các TVLK, bp. LK, NHCĐ. - Bp. LK chuyển số CK từ TK CKGD của B vào TK TTBT B. - NHCĐ chuyển tiền từ TK TGGDCK của M vào TK TTBT M. TTLK và NHCĐ kiểm tra đối chiếu số dư. Bp. LK chuyển số CK từ TK TTBT của B vào TK TTBT của TTLK. - NHCĐ chuyển tiền từ TK TTBT của M vào TK TTBT của TTLK. TTLK và NHCĐ kiểm tra đối chiếu số dư. - Bp. LK chuyển số CK từ TK TTBT củaTTGD vào TK TTBT của M. - NHCĐ chuyển tiền từ TK TTBT của TTGD vào TK TTBT của B. TTLK và NHCĐ kiểm tra đối chiếu số dư. - Bp. LK phân bổ CK từ TK TTBT của M vào TK CKGD của M. - NHCĐ phân bổ tiền từ TK TTBT của B vào TK TGGDCK của B Transaction payment method and time ⚫ 47 Bonds ⚫Stocks and investment fund certificates Information system on the stock market ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 48 Concept: are indicators and documents that reflect the picture of the stock center and the related socio-politicaleconomic situation at different times or periods Role - Ensure trust and fairness for investors on the stock center - Ensure the principle of market disclosure - Support investors when making investment decisions - Help the regulator to regulate the market well ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 49 Features of information on the Stock Exchange - Rich, varied - Agility - Publicity - fairness - Electronics – Information technology Request information on The Stock Exchange - Accuracy - Completeness - Timeliness - Accessibility Laws on information disclosure on the Vietnam stock market ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 50 Subjects disclose information Request for information disclosure Authorized person to disclose information Means and forms of disclosure Store information Handling of violations on information disclosure Subjects of information disclosure ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 51 Public companies The issuers conduct a public offering of bonds Organizations listing and registering transactions Securities companies, fund management companies Securities Investment Company Stock exchanges and related persons Means and forms of disclosure 52 Obligations to disclose information ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ 53 Periodic disclosure Disclosure of unusual information (within 24 hours and 72 hours) Disclosure of information upon request (within 24 hours) Regulations 54