Bison with Caterpillar engine T4 9.3L 400HP
Emission level.
What’s the goal of the T4 emission?
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Engine Main Components of the T4 Caterpillar 9.3L
Aftertreatment
system ass’y
Engine 9.3L T4
DEF tank ass’y
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Engine left/right view of the T4 Caterpillar 9.3L
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Aftertreatment system ass’y
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Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank
New since 2017
production
Quality DEF sensor
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Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank
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Engine Specification
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TIER 4 FUEL AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
C9.3 ACERT Engines
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DEF Filter Replacement Procedure
Remove the cover
Remove the expansion
filter DEF device
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Icon
Description
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Main Display Screen
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Aftertreatment System Inducement Icon
OR
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Aftertreatment System Icon
13 in the
display
13 in the
display
15 in the
display
14 in the
display
16 in the
display
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16
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Icons review signification?
OR
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Bison T4 Display
Icons Identifications
Display:
OR
13 Icon indicator lamp is disabled or Need Regen
14 DEF indicator lamp low level
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Diesel engine tachometer
2
Fuel Level
3
AdBlue level
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4
Vehicle working hours
17 Diesel engine coolant temperature indicator
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Date
18 Coolant temperature warning lamp
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Time
19 Coolant temperature warning lamp
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Outside temperature
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Parking brake warning lamp (red)
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Emergency OFF warning lamp (red)
22 Warning lamp for battery and charge control
11/12 Travel direction indicator
15 Indicator lamp for high exhaust gas temperature
Indicator lamp DEF system malfunction or indicator lamp
rpm limiting active
20 Indicator lamp diesel engine ECM fault
Check indicator lamp for diesel engine exhaust gas
aftertreatment
24 Warning lamp fault
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Icons Identifications
Display:
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Cutter shaft speed in % and rotation direction
Preheating monitor indicator lamp
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Contact pressure / floating position/ counter pressure for rear
tiller (vertical) and setting value in %
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Indicator lamp for rotating beacons
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Rear tiller locked (rigid) flexible (free)
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Indicator lamp for rotating beacons
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Indicator lamp for rotating beacons
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Heater control
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Rear tiller side wings up/down
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Air conditioner (optional)
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Rear tiller (horizontal) centre/floating/right/left position
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Recirculated air in driver's cab
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Attachments standby
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Temperature or fault display
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Defrosting the windshield
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Fan speed control
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Preheating monitor indicator lamp
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Tiller cutting depth in %
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QUICK GUIDE: NEW BISON| © PRINOTH 2015
Intake/Exhaust
Air Circulation
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Aftertreatment exhaust T4 Caterpillar 9.3L
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Regenerations
Triggers
Step
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Regeneration Triggers
Maintenance Regeneration
Maintenance Regeneration
The purpose of the Maintenance Regen is to reach the proper temperature for
the system.
Also it will validate the Regeneration System Ignition to avoid deposit at the
nozzle.
Conditions need to be met before regeneration will start
a) Before starting the engine coolant ˂ 30°C/86°F
b) After starting the Engine Coolant Temp > 40°C/104°F
c) No CAT RS Diagnostics Active
d) CAT RS Nozzle Heater Not Active
e) The engine rpm need to be increased to over 1,000 to have the Maintenance
Regeneration start.
Note: Normally, the time for the maintenance regen is around 17 minutes.
Low Speed Regeneration
Low Speed Regeneration (LSR)
Condition need to be met before regeneration will start
a) ˃ than 10 minutes since the last regen attempt
b) DPF Inlet Temp ˃ 50°C/122°F
c) No CAT RS Diagnostics Active
d) CAT RS Nozzle Heater Not Active
e) Steady State Speed and Load for 1-5 minutes with a rpm less 1400 and a
medium engine load
f) Coolant Temp > 40°C/104°F
g) Remaining ˂ 25 hours next time to regen
h) A minimum delivery fuel volume must be reach before the regen start
i) A maximum delivery fuel volume must not exceed before to regen start
j) Before the low speed regen start, an acceptable engine load is required
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Hi Speed Regeneration
Hi Speed Regeneration (HSR)
Condition need to be met before regeneration will start
a) ˃ than 10 minutes since the last regen attempt
b) DPF Inlet Temp ˃ 50°C/122°F
c) No CAT RS Diagnostics Active
d) CAT RS Nozzle Heater Not Active
e) Coolant Temp > 40°C/104°F
f) Remaining ˂ 25 hours next time to regen
g) A specific minimum delivery fuel volume must be reach before the regen
start
h) A specific maximum delivery fuel volume must not exceed before the regen
start
i) Before the high speed regen start, an acceptable engine load is required
Force or Inhibit Regeneration
Force Regeneration Icon
a) ˃ than 10 minutes since the last regen attempt
b) DPF Inlet Temp ˃ 50°C/122°F
c) No CAT RS Diagnostics Active
d) CAT RS Nozzle Heater Not Active
e) Steady State Speed and Load for 1-5 minutes with a rpm less 1400 and a medium
engine load
f) Coolant Temp > 40°C/104°F
g) Remaining ˂ 25 hours next time to regen
h) A specific minimum delivery fuel volume must be reach before the regen start
i) A specific maximum delivery fuel volume must not exceed before the regen start
j) Inhibit mode is activated with the icon to force the cycle
Inhibit Regeneration Icon
a) At anytime, the inhibit regen can be stop
b) If the HEST lamp icon is active, a cool down period is request until the HEST lamp icon
disappears
Aftertreatment exhaust T4 Caterpillar 9.3L
30
80%
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Key Points to avoid Issue with each Engine System
Exhaust:
No exhaust leaks or damage is allowed and must be fixed immediately
Exhaust leak will clog air filter system and create major damage
The soot from exhaust will pollute the air filter suction system
Air Filter:
NO air leak, restriction or damage at suction of the air filter is allowed
NO air leak or damage at the turbo, all hoses, all pipes, all clamp must be tightened properly
NO leak or damage to Air to Air cooler and around engine grid heater
Air supply to the aftertreatment system NO air leak is allow mainly high altitude application
High altitude have less air which means less pressure, minor leak will affect engine performance
and also regeneration system
Proper Air filter and clean is a must to avoid air restriction to the engine
The air getting in the engine is for cooling and also for the performance
Fuel Quality:
Proper fuel quality that meet Caterpillar specification is a must
Proper fuel filter must be replaced as per the maintenance chart
No restriction is allow at suction of the fuel system
NO AIR in fuel system is allowed
With high pressure fuel system, AIR can create expensive damage to the system
Purging the system properly is a MUST, expensive damage will happen if NOT done properly
The procedure to remove the air from the fuel system must done with extreme care
1) During fuel filter replacement
2) If run out of fuel
3) When replace or disconnect any fuel hose at the suction as well at the pressure side
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40
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Aftertreament Icon
Activation and
Information
Location
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Regeneration Icon 17 and 18 for Stop or Activate
To avoid or to stop a Regeneration
activate the Icon 17 to ON it will stop
or disable the regeneration system
To start a Regeneration
activate the Icon 18 to ON it will
activate the regeneration system
if all the condition is meet
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Icon 17 for Remaining Time
After the maintenance Regeneration is done, the hours should be at 32 hours at icon 17
After a normal 8 hours of work, the hours should be around 20 hours at icon 17
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Inhibit Regeneration Icon
Inhibit Regeneration Icon
a) At anytime, the regeneration can be stop under driver page and follow by
vehicle page with ICON # 17.
Comments:
Inhibit the regeneration continuously
is unsuitable.
b) If the HEST Icon is active, a cool down period is required until the
HEST Icon # 15 disappears in the main display.
Comments: If the brake is apply the
WAIT TO STOP ENGINE Icon will appear.
Key point to avoid Issue with the Aftertreament System
1) Before starting a cold engine: Turn the ignition
switch and check the amount time remain
Note: after normal operation, it should be around 20 hours
2) The next step: start the engine cold and the Maintenance Regeneration
should start if the engine coolant temperature is less than 30C (86F) and go
over 40 C (104F) and meet some other condition. It should last at least 5
minute to a maximum of 17 minute. After those conditions been met and have
the engine rpm raise over 1,000 rpm and the Maintenance Regeneration
should start.
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Key point to avoid Issue with the Aftertreament System
3) After the Maintenance Regeneration
is done and complete the amount time must
be at 32 hours
4) Hest Icon appear because High heat
a) When the Regeneration starts, this Icon appears
b) If the icon appear under heavy load,
It’s normal. Ski area at high altitude or engine
under heavy load or vehicle equipped
with winch, the icon will appear more often.
5) HEST Icon appear because of a Regen
If a Regen start often during grooming, means
more than normal, maybe some investigation
need to be done by a service technician
The minimum engine rpm when regeneration start is 1,000 rpm.
If the engine run at idle often or small load, more regen will be need to clean the
exhaust system and the system and will use more DEF.
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Wait to Stop WARNING
The Hest Icon will appear during a
Regeneration in the display.
The Icon HEST will appear in the
display when temperature
in the Aftertreatment system
is to high because of heavy load
of the engine that will create high
heat in the system.
If one of those 2 situation happen,
the "WAIT TO STOP ENGINE"
will appear in the display when
the driver apply the brake. The "HEST"
Icon appear because of the high
heat in the Aftertreatment system.
The driver must wait until the
"WAIT TO STOP ENGINE"
disappears before shutdown of
the engine.
Note: ARD head will crack if the
procedure is not follow properly.
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Components
that can be
Damaged
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DEF Purge System
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ARD Head and Dosing Unit
Note: 1) Improper fuel and inappropriate Regeneration
of the Atertreatment system will create to much soot at
the ARD head.
Back View
Acceptable soot
accumulation
ARD Head Top View
Fouled slot
2) Improper engine HOT shutdown
can damage the ARD head and can crack.
When the "WAIT TO STOP ENGINE“
is activate the driver must wait to
shutdown the engine until it disappear
in the display.
Crack
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Questions ?