Social Studies
Presentation
SOCIAL GROUPS AND INSTITUTIONS
What is a social group?
A social group is considered of two or more persons, who interact
regularly to achieve a common goal.
Types of Social Groups
Primary Groups
Secondary Groups
Formal Groups
Informal Groups
Voluntary Groups
Involuntary Groups
Interest Groups
Peer Groups
Primary Groups
A primary group is a small group
whose members share a personal
and enduring relationships.
For example: parents,
husband and wife, long life
friends and siblings.
Secondary groups
A secondary group is a large and impersonal
social group whose members pursue a specific
interest or activity.
For example: classmates, co-workers, police
departments and units, political parties and
church mates.
A formal group is a group that
has rules and regulations.
Formal
groups
For example: command groups,
task groups, interacting groups
and co- acting groups.
An informal group is a group that lacks
the formality of a formal group; which
means there are no rules or regulations,
or special requirements to become a
member.
Informal
groups
For example: interest group, reference
group, and friendship groups
Voluntary groups
Involuntary groups
are groups in which
their members are
not forced to join
them.
For example:
teachers, nurses,
political parties, trade
unions, religious and
cultural associations.
Involuntary groups
Involuntary groups are a type of group in
which their members are forced to join them.
For example: family, city, community and
race.
Interest groups
Interest groups are groups where people are
interested in achieving a common goal.
For example: bible clubs, debating society and
drama group.
Peer groups
Peer groups are social groups whose
members have interest, social positions
and age in common.
For example: classmates, clubs, and sports
team members.
What are social
institutions?
SOCIAL INSTITUTION ARE NORMS AND ORGANIZATIONS
THAT ADDRESSES THE NEEDS OF A SOCIETY.
Socialization Institution
Educational Institution
Types of
social
institutions
Political Institution
Religious Institution
Economical Institution
Recreational Institution

Socialization
Institution
The family (members) function as a
socialization agent when it provides the
children with its earliest values, skills, and
knowledge: by doing so they are training
their children to live a meaningful life in
society, e.g family, marriage and
engagement.
Educational Institution

These institutions are responsible for the transmission of knowledge ,
skills and culture values. Example: school, colleges, libraries and
universities.
Political Institution

These are the institutions that deals with power and authority,
governments have instituted heavy taxes on foreign products that
compete with local goods. Examples: political parties, courts, and
parliament.
Religious Institution

These are institution are composed of beliefs, symbols and ritual
that are performed by a group of people, which guides the human
behavior. One of its function is to sacred authority to society`s rules
and values. For example: offences like stealing, committing murder,
adultery, do not only break society`s rules but are considered as
sins against god. examples: churches, temples and mosques.
Economical Institutions

These are responsible for the regulation of production and the
distribution and consumption of goods and services. For example,
The Bank of Guyana, this is a central bank which perform certain
specific functions such as, the giving of maximum assistance to the
government in its efforts to manage the economy, and the giving of
advice on exchange rates between Guyana dollar and other
currencies: banks, market, insurance and trade unions.
Recreational Institution

These are institutions that allows you to relax and socialize. These
institutions also allows its members to get opportunity to exercise
and improves their health. Examples: cinemas, art clubs and
cricket.