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V=
m=
Δx
a=
Δt
y2 −y1
x2 −x1
ΔV
s=
Δt
V=
d
xf −xi
tf −ti
xt = x1 + x2 + x3
Savg =
Friction:
t
d1 + d2 + d3
t1 + t 2 + t 3
Kinematics:
Horizontal Motion
𝑉𝑓 = 𝑉𝑖 + 𝑎𝑡
1
𝑋 = 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎 𝐹𝑠 = −𝑘𝑥
Fnet = F1 + F2 + F3
µ𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠
𝑁
=
𝑓𝑠
𝑚𝑔
𝑓𝑘
𝑁
𝛥𝑥 = 𝑣𝑎𝑣𝑔 ∙ 𝛥𝑡
1
𝛥𝑥 = 𝑏ℎ
2
*Pendulum
2
𝑇 = 2𝜋 ∗ √
Vertical Motion
𝑉𝑓 = 𝑉𝑖 + 𝑔𝑡
2
ℓ
𝑔
Constants:
𝑔 = 9.8
𝑁
𝑘𝑔
𝑜𝑟
𝑚
𝑠2
1𝑘𝑔 = 9.8𝑁
𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛 = 1.62
𝑉𝑓 + 𝑉𝑖
=
2
𝑉𝑥𝑖 = 𝑉𝑖 cos θ
𝑉𝑦𝑖 = 𝑉𝑖 sin θ
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eSTEM Academy Physics Department
1𝑙𝑏 = 4.448𝑁
𝑁
𝐾𝑔
1𝑁 = 0.225𝑙𝑏𝑠
2
𝑉𝑓 = 𝑉𝑖 + 2𝑔𝛥𝑥
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔
𝑚𝑔
*Displacement (v-t graphs)
𝑉𝑓 + 𝑉𝑖
=
2
1
𝑌𝑓 = 𝑌𝑖 + 𝑉𝑖 𝑡 + 𝑔𝑡 2
2
𝑓𝑘
𝑓𝑘 = µ𝑘 𝑁 = µ𝑘 𝑚𝑔
𝑉𝑓 2 = 𝑉𝑖 2 + 2𝑎𝛥𝑥
1
𝑌 = 𝑔𝑡 2
2
=
𝑓𝑠 = µ𝑠 𝑁 = µ𝑠 𝑚𝑔
1
𝑋𝑓 = 𝑋𝑖 + 𝑉𝑖 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔
µ𝑘 =
1𝑁 = 3.6𝑜𝑧
1𝑘𝑔 = 2.2𝑙𝑏𝑠
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*Projectile Motion
*Kepler’s 3rd Law
Components of vector “A”
(may be a, v, x, F, etc.)
𝑇𝐴 2
𝑅𝐴 3
( ) =( )
𝑇𝐵
𝑅𝐵
𝐴𝑥 = Acos 𝜃
*Work/Energy/Power:
𝐴𝑦 = Asin 𝜃
Work
Resultant of Ax and Ay
𝟐
𝐴 = √𝑨𝒙 + 𝑨𝒚
tan 𝜃 = |
𝟐
𝐴𝑦 −1
|
𝐴𝑥
𝑊 = 𝐹 ∙ 𝛥𝑥
𝑊 = 𝐹 ∙ 𝛥𝑥 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑊 = (𝑚 ∙ 𝑔) ∙ 𝛥ℎ
𝑊 = (𝑚 ∙ 𝑔) ∙ 𝛥𝑦
Work-Energy Theorem
Equivalent of Resultant “A”
𝑊 = 𝛥𝐸
𝐴𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 = −𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑊 = 𝛥𝐾𝐸
*Gravitational Field Strength
𝑊 = 𝛥𝑃𝐸
𝑔=
𝐺𝑚
𝑟2
*m is the mass of the more
massive object!
Kinetic Energy:
1
𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣 2
2
1
Δ𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚(𝑣2 − 𝑣1 )2
2
*Force Between Two Masses
(gravitation)
𝐹𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣
𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
=
𝑟2
Gravitational Potential Energy:
𝛥𝑃𝐸𝑔 = (𝑚 ∙ 𝑔) ∙ 𝛥ℎ
𝛥𝑃𝐸𝑔 = (𝑚 ∙ 𝑔) ∙ ( ℎ2 − ℎ1 )
𝛥𝑃𝐸𝑔 = (𝑚 ∙ 𝑔) ∙ 𝛥𝑦
𝛥𝑃𝐸𝑔 = (𝑚 ∙ 𝑔) ∙ ( 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )
Copyright 2020 SKenley
eSTEM Academy Physics Department
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Elastic Potential Energy
1
Δ𝑃𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠 = 𝑘(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2
2
𝑃𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠
1
= 𝑘 ∙ 𝑥2
2
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
𝑀𝐸𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 𝑀𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙
𝐸𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙
𝐾𝐸𝑖 + 𝑃𝐸𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣 + 𝑃𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠 + 𝑃𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 =
𝐾𝐸𝑓 + 𝑃𝐸𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣 + 𝑃𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠 + 𝑃𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐
Spring Force/Restoring Force
𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = −𝑘𝑥
Electrical Power
𝑃 = 𝐼𝑉
Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem
𝑊 = 𝛥𝑃𝐸𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣
𝑊 = 𝛥𝑈
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝛥𝐾𝐸
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝛥𝐾𝐸
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝛥𝐾𝐸 + 𝑈
Power
𝑃=
𝛥𝐸
𝛥𝑡
𝑃=
𝛥𝐾𝐸
𝛥𝑡
𝑃=
𝑊
𝛥𝑡
𝑃=
𝛥𝑃𝐸
𝛥𝑡
Copyright 2020 SKenley
eSTEM Academy Physics Department
1
1
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑣2 2 − 𝑚𝑣1 2
2
2
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Period
𝑡=
Vertical Circles
Tension on Top
1
𝑓
𝑇𝑡𝑜𝑝 =
𝑚𝑣 2
− 𝑚𝑔
𝑟
Circumference
Tension on Bottom
𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑟
Centripetal Acceleration
𝑎𝑐 =
+ 𝑚𝑔
𝑟
𝑟
w/ Angular Speed
𝑣2
𝑟
=
(𝑟𝑤)2
𝑟
= 𝑟𝑤 2
Tangential Velocity
𝑉=
𝑚𝑣 2
Minimum Speed at Top of Circle
𝑣2
Centripetal Acceleration
𝑎𝑐 =
𝑇𝑏𝑜𝑡 =
2𝜋𝑟
𝑡
𝑣𝑖 = √𝑔𝑟
Banked Curve
𝑁𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 =
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 =
𝑚𝑣 2
𝑟
𝑣2
𝑟𝑔
Orbital Velocity
𝐺𝑚
𝑉 = 2𝜋𝑟𝑓
𝑉𝑜𝑟𝑏 = √
Arc Length
Orbital Period
𝑆 = 𝑟𝜃
𝑇 = 2𝜋√
𝑟
𝑟3
𝐺𝑚
Angular Speed
2𝜋
𝑊=
= 2𝜋𝑓
𝑇
𝑊=
𝜃
𝑇
Reading a Curve
𝑁 = 𝑚𝑔
𝑓=
𝑚𝑣 2
µ𝑠 =
Copyright 2020 SKenley
eSTEM Academy Physics Department
𝑟
𝑓𝑠
𝑁
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Sebas’s Stuff to Remember
𝑔 = 9.8
𝑁
𝑘𝑔
𝑜𝑟
𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛 = 1.62
𝑚
𝑠2
1 kg = 2.2 lbs.
𝑁
𝐾𝑔
1N= 0.225 lbs.
1 lb. = 4.448N
1𝑘𝑔 = 9.8𝑁
1 Hrspr.= 746W
1𝑁 = 0.225𝑙𝑏𝑠
1 W= 1J/ sec.
1𝑙𝑏 = 4.448𝑁
1𝑁 = 3.6𝑜𝑧
1𝑘𝑔 = 2.2𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝐺 = 6.67 × 10−11
𝑁𝑚2
𝑟2
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ = 5.98 × 1024 𝑘𝑔
𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ = 6.38 × 106 𝑚
1 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 5.37 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠
𝜔 = 6.28
𝜔 = 2𝜋
𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠
𝜔=
𝜔 = 6.28
𝑠𝑒𝑐
360°
𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠
𝑠𝑒𝑐
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eSTEM Academy Physics Department
AP PHYSICS FORMULA SHEET
Copyright 2020 SKenley
eSTEM Academy Physics Department