Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Jorgie Mae Bautista BSN – 1 Topaz Imogene King: Theory of Goal Attainment Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment centers on the dynamic interactions between the nurse and the patient, emphasizing mutual goal-setting and communication. The theory posits that the nurse and patient collaborate to establish health goals, and nursing interventions are geared towards achieving these mutually agreed-upon objectives. Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment has greatly expanded my understanding of nursing practice. One of the key strengths of King's theory lies in its emphasis on mutual goalsetting and the interactive process that occurs within the nurse-patient dyad. As a nursing student, I appreciate the practicality of this approach, as it provides a structured yet adaptable guide for delivering patient-centered care. Its emphasis on communication and mutual goalsetting coincides with the principles of effective healthcare delivery. King's theory has challenged me to view nursing not as a one-size-fits-all journey but as a dynamic and evolving process that requires ongoing communication and collaboration. Imogene King's acknowledgment of the influence of personal, interpersonal, and social systems on goal attainment adds depth to the nursing care paradigm. This recognition inspires me, as a nursing student, to consider the broader context in which healthcare decisions are made. King's emphasis on the interplay of these systems reinforces the interrelation of various factors that impact a patient's health and well-being. As I delve into the practical applications of the Theory of Goal Attainment in clinical settings, I find myself better equipped to navigate the complexities of patient care by incorporating a comprehensive understanding of the systems that shape the patient's world. In conclusion, Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment provides a strong foundation for nursing practice by emphasizing collaboration, communication, and the interconnectedness of systems. As a nursing student, this theory guides me in developing a nuanced and patientcentered approach to care, fostering a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of the nurse-patient relationship. Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory revolves around the concept of selfcare and the nurse's role in assisting individuals who are unable to meet their self-care needs. It introduces the three interrelated concepts of self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems to guide nursing practice. This theory is a comprehensive and universally applicable framework, emphasizing patient autonomy and individual responsibility for self-care. It provides a solid guide to assess and meet the self-care needs of different patients. The theory's simplicity and adaptability make it a valuable tool for nursing interventions across various healthcare settings. Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory can be a strong tool in shaping my/ a nurse’s perspective on the role of nursing in promoting optimal health and well-being. At its core, this theory revolves around the concept of self-care and the nurse's role in assisting individuals who are unable to take care of themselves. This is valuable in nursing since Orem's emphasis on individual responsibility for self-care aligns with the current trend in healthcare, promoting patient autonomy and empowerment. One of the strengths of Orem's theory is its applicability across time and in various healthcare settings. The three interrelated concepts of self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems provide a comprehensive framework that transcends specific patient populations or healthcare conditions. This universality/oneness enhances the theory's relevance in guiding nursing practice, allowing me to further apply these principles in future diverse clinical scenarios. Orem's theory challenges me to view patients not merely as recipients of care but as active participants in their health journey, fostering a sense of agency and self-determination. The Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory teaches us, as nursing student, to critically evaluate the balance between providing assistance and allowing individuals to exercise their autonomy to encourage self-sufficiency. Orem's focus on tailoring nursing interventions to the specific needs of the patient promotes a personalized approach to care. Faye Abdellah: Twenty-One Nursing Problems Faye Abdellah's classification of Twenty-One Nursing Problems categorizes nursing problems into physical, emotional, and sociocultural domains. It provides a systematic approach for identifying patient needs and formulating individualized care plans. This theory is pragmatic and systematic, offering a structured method for nurses to address the diverse needs of patients. By categorizing nursing problems, it enhances the efficiency of care planning and promotes a holistic understanding of health. The theory encourages collaboration among healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive and well-rounded patient care. Faye Abdellah's typology of Twenty-One Nursing Problems serves as a comprehensive guide that has significantly influenced numerous nursing practices. This theory notes the intricate nature of patient care by categorizing nursing problems into three main areas: physical, emotional, and sociocultural. As a nursing student, Abdellah's approach has challenged me to adopt a holistic perspective, recognizing the multifaceted layers and sides of health and illness. One notable strength of Abdellah's theory is its practicality in guiding nursing assessment and care planning. By categorizing nursing problems, the theory provides an effective and organized method for identifying patient needs and formulating individualized care plans. This structure enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of nursing interventions, ensuring a thorough and thoughtful approach to patient care. As I apply Abdellah's framework in clinical settings, I find that it streamlines the assessment process and facilitates communication among healthcare providers. Moreover, Abdellah's emphasis on addressing the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of care aligns with the evolving understanding of holistic healthcare. This integrative approach challenges me, as a nursing student, to move beyond a narrow focus on physical symptoms and consider the broader context of a patient's well-being. Abdellah's work underscores the importance of collaboration among healthcare professionals to address the diverse needs of patients comprehensively. Rozzano Locsin: Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing Theory Dr. Rozzano Locsin is a Filipino nursing theorist known for his work on the incorporation of technological advancements into their work. Rozzano Locsin's theory discusses the integration of technology into nursing practice, emphasizing technological competency as an essential aspect of caring. His theory suggests that technology and caring are not mutually exclusive but rather can complement each other to enhance patient outcomes. This theory provides a unique perspective on the role of technology in nursing. It challenges the contrast between technology and human touch, suggesting that both can coexist harmoniously in the delivery of patient care. The importance on the synergy between technology and caring prompts nurses to embrace technological advancements while still keeping a human side in caring. This theory is very influential in the context of the rapidly advancing landscape of healthcare technology. The implementation of both technology and human caring highlights the need for nurses to adapt and embrace technological innovations without compromising the fundamental aspects of compassionate care. This theory challenges us who want to pursue nursing, to stay informed about technological advancements and consider them as aids in enhancing, rather than escape from, the holistic nature of nursing care. Rozzano Locsin's theory encourages a shift the way we see things, opening the world of nursing to view technology as a potential enhancer of the nurse-patient relationship. This perspective aligns with the evolving realities of modern healthcare, allowing me as a nursing student to embrace technological competency as an integral part of providing compassionate and effective care. Letty Kuan: Filipino Nursing Philosophy Letty Kuan's Filipino Nursing Philosophy introduces a culturally rooted perspective that adds richness to the global discourse on nursing theory. Kuan's emphasis on the Filipino values of pakikipagkapwa (communion), pagkalinga (caring), and pakikipag-ugnayan (communication) reflects a deep understanding of the cultural context of nursing in the Philippines. Letty Kuan's "Filipino Nursing Philosophy" is rooted in the cultural values of the Philippines adding richness to the global discourse on nursing theory. Kuan's theory provides an inclusive perspective by highlighting the significance of cultural context in nursing. It discusses how the 3 core values challenges nurses to recognize the impact of cultural nuances on patient care. By incorporating these values, the theory allows a more respectful healthcare environment, fostering a deeper connection with individuals from diverse backgrounds Kuan's work serves as a reminder that nursing theories should not only be culturally competent but should also be rooted in the cultural fabric of the communities they serve. As a nursing student, Letty Kuan's Filipino Nursing Philosophy has broadened my views regarding the significance of the diversity of cultural perspectives in healthcare. The theory challenges me to be mindful of cultural nuances that shape patient experiences and to provide care that respects and integrates these values. Thos theory serves as a guiding principle, grounding me to embrace my filipino roots and teaches how it is a valuable tool in the application of effective nursing care. Carmelita Divinagracia: Transcultural Nursing Theory Carmelita Divinagracia's "Transcultural Nursing Theory" centers on providing culturally competent care by integrating cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills into nursing practice. The theory discusses the importance of understanding and respecting diverse cultural backgrounds to enhance the quality of patient care, sharing some similarities with Letty Kuan’s Filipino Nursing theory. This theory offers a valuable framework for providing culturally competent care in a diverse healthcare landscape. The theory discusses the cultural significance on the duties of a nurse. As a nursing student, this theory challenges me to recognize the impact of culture on health beliefs and practices and emphasizes the need for continuous self-reflection and education to provide culturally competent care. This theory points its practical applications in a globalized and multicultural healthcare environment. The three components of cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills provide a comprehensive approach to navigating the complexities of cultural diversity. Divinagracia's work serves as a guide for ensuring that nursing practice is respectful, inclusive, and considers the cultural context of each patient's care. Transcultural Nursing Theory teaches us of the critical role that cultural competence plays in effective nursing care. It has motivated me to actively seek opportunities for cultural learning and self-reflection, recognizing that providing nursing care also requires an understamnding of culture to effectively implement and connect.
