BVM GLOBAL @ PERUNGUDI
SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
Perungudi, Chennai-600096
IDENTIFYING THE CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Project submitted to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) in
partial fulfilment for the requirement of All India Senior School
Certificate Examination (AISSCE) 2023-2024, Department of Chemistry.
Guided by:
Mr. Suresh Kodimyala
By:
H Vetrivel
BVM GLOBAL @ PERUNGUDI
SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify the project work titled IDENTIFYING THE CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS is
a bonafide record done by: Reg no. ____________________ in partial fulfilment
of the project in _____________, during the academic year 2023-2024 by
________________
Certified that the candidate was examined by us in the project work/viva voce
examination held at BVM GLOBAL @ PERUNGUDI on ________________.
Internal Examiner
External Examiner
Principal
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to thank Mr. Suresh V.G, Principal of BVM
GLOBAL @ PERUNGUDI, for his cordial support, valuable guidance in
completing this project.
I also take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude to my
guide Mr. Suresh for his exemplary guidance and constant
encouragement throughout the course of this project.
Lastly, I thank my parents for their everlasting support without which
this project would have not been possible.
INDEX
S.No
Topic
Pg.No
1.
Objective and materials required
1
2.
Theory
2
3.
Procedure
4
4.
Results and Precautions
8
5.
Bibliography
9
OBJECTIVE:
To study the presence of acidity and to identify the presence of
the contents in cold drinks.
MATERIALS REQUIRED:
Test tube
Test tube holder
Beaker
Bunsen burner
Litmus paper
Tripod stand
China dish
Wire gauge
Benedict’s Reagent
Conc. Nitric acid
Ammonium molybdate
1
THEORY:
Most of the cold drinks consists of various substances
like alcohol, carbohydrates, carbon dioxide, phosphate,
glucose, sucrose etc. All of these contents are
responsible for the formation of cold drinks such as
carbon dioxide is responsible for the formation of froth
and fizz, sucrose is responsible for the sweetness in the
drink etc.
Carbon dioxide:
Carbon dioxide is dissolved to form carbonic acid which is
also responsible for the tangy taste. One of its main uses
is to keep the cold drink fresh and to prevent any
bacterial growth in it.
The chemical formula of Carbon dioxide is CO2
Glucose:
Glucose, which is considered a primary source of energy
in cold drinks, is extensively used as a natural substance
to sweeten the drinks.
The chemical formula of Glucose is C6H12O6
2
Phosphate:
Phosphate gives cold drinks a tangy flavour and prevents
the growth of mold. It plays an important role in how our
bodies get energy and is a major components of bones
and teeth. Most of cold drink’s acidity also comes from
phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid is made from mineral
phosphorus which is found naturally in many foods.
Sucrose:
Sweetness in soft drinks has traditionally been provided
by sugar(sucrose) extracted from beet or cane. Being a
carbohydrates, sucrose gives energy to perform various
functions in our body. Over consumption of sucrose may
lead to increase in plasma levels of uric acid in
overweight and obese subjects.
The chemical formula of Sucrose is C12H22O11
Colds drinks used for this experiment:
3
Procedure:
Test for Acidity:
Experiment: Small samples of cold drinks of different
brands were taken in a test tube and put on the litmus
paper. The change in colour of litmus paper to red was
observed and noted.
Observation:
S.No
1
2
3
Name of cold drink
Coca cola
Sprite
Limca
Colour change
Red
Red
Red
Inference:
Cold drinks are generally acidic in nature because of the
presence of citric acid and phosphoric acid. Hence, in all
the drinks blue litmus turn to red.
4
Test for Glucose:
Experiment: Glucose is a reducing sugar acid. Its
presence is deducted using Benedict’s reagent.
Benedict’s reagent test: Small samples of cold drinks of
different brands were taken in a test tube and a few
drops of Benedict’s reagent was added. The test tube
was heated for a few seconds. Formation of reddish
colour confirmed the presence of glucose in cold drinks.
Observation:
S.No Name of cold drink
1
Coca cola
2
Sprite
3
Limca
Colour change
Reddish-colour
precipitate
Reddish-colour
precipitate
Reddish-colour
precipitate
Inference:
All the samples gave positive test for glucose using
Benedict’s reagent. Hence, all the drinks contain glucose.
5
Test for Phosphate:
Experiment: Small samples of each brand of cold drinks
were taken in separate test tubes and Ammonium
Molybdate followed by conc. Nitric acid(HNO3) was
added to it. The solution was heated and the appearance
of canary-yellow precipitate confirmed the presence of
phosphate ions in cold drinks.
Observation:
S.No Name of cold drink
1
Coca cola
2
Sprite
3
Limca
Colour change
Canary-yellow
precipitate
Canary-yellow
precipitate
Canary-yellow
precipitate
Inference:
All the cold drink samples gave positive test for
phosphate ions. Hence, all the drinks contain phosphate.
6
Test for Sucrose:
Experiment: 5ml samples of each brand of cold drinks
were taken in separate china dishes and were heated
strongly until changes occur. Black coloured residue left,
confirmed the presence of sucrose in cold drinks.
Observation:
S.No
1
2
3
Name of cold drink
Coca cola
Sprite
Limca
Colour change
Black Residue
Black Residue
Black Residue
Inference:
All the brands of cold drinks contain sucrose, but amount
of sucrose varies in each brand of drink.
7
RESULT:
After conduction all the tests mentioned in the
procedure, it was concluded that all the drinks namely
Coca cola, Sprite and Limca contain glucose, phosphate
and sucrose. It was also proved that all the drinks are
acidic in nature.
PRECAUTIONS:
Ensure that all the test tubes are clean and dry before
performing the experiment.
Be very precautious while handling concentrated acids.
While adding conc.HNO3 to the test tube, make sure that
it is added through the edges of the test tubes.
Be careful while heating the contents in the test tube.
Turn off the burners immediately after its usage.
8
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
https://www.britishsoftdrinks.com/ingredients-old
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/128697
https://www.britannica.com/topic/soft-drink
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-andbiological-sciences/soft-drinks
https://www.dentistryiq.com/dental-hygiene/studenthygiene/article/16366322/beyond-the-sugar-chemicalsin-sodas-and-their-link-to-systemic-diseases-and-oralhealth
9