THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
Reading and Writing Test
DIRECTIONS
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each question
includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage and question
carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s). All questions in this
section are multiple–choice with four answer choices. Each question has a single best answer.
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Although the knowledge of the Pleistocene epoch and
the lives of the hominids during this time was once
______, recent analyses of fossils like that of the
individual known as Misliya -1, discovered in Israel
in 2002, have sharpened our picture of what a day in
the life of Misliya-1 may have looked like.
Whether the reign of French monarchs such as Louis
Philippe I or Philip II was considered historically
significant or, conversely, relatively ______, its
trajectory was shaped by question of legitimacy and
therefore cannot be understood without a corollary
understanding of the factors that allowed the monarch
to assert a claim to the throne successfully.
a) intricate
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase?
b) unprecedented
c) concrete
a) benevolent
d) nebulous
b) momentous
c) inconsequential
d) genuine
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
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00966566450398
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The A2X Markets in Johannesburg, South Africa,
connects companies operating in South Africa with
potential investors. This is a valuable service since
the time and expense necessary to find individual
investors might otherwise be ______ for these
companies: many of the companies could not operate
if they had to do everything necessary to find
investors for themselves.
Known for the albums Quiet Nights and Miles
Ahead, jazz trumpeter Miles Davies collaborated
several times with pianist Gil Evans. Their 1958
adaptation of George Greshwin’s opera Porgy and
Bliss bears like resemblance to the 1935 original.
Davies and Evans felt no desire to please listeners
expecting an exact duplication of the opera. They
omitted parts, such as the aria “I got plenty of
Nuthin’,” and sometimes made only brief gestures
Which choice completes the text with the most toward Greshwin’s melodies. But Davies and Evans
logical and precise word or phrase?
willingness to recompose Greshwin’s work led to one
of the most enduring albums in Davis’s catalog.
a) misconstrued
Which choice best describes the unction of the
b) distinctive
underlined part?
c) prohibitive
a) It shows how two artists benefited from
ignoring certain conventions.
d) beneficial
b) It proposes a reason why one work of art is
widely thought to be more successful than
another.
c) It underlines an assertion made later in the
text.
d) It presents examples to support a claim
made earlier in the text.
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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Software engineers often encourage users to create
passwords that are fairly complicated and therefore
difficult to guess. Nonetheless, research has shown
that the more _______ approach to password
selection seems to favor convenience over security:
for example, the seventh most commonly used
password in 2015 was the easily remembered
“1234567”
New and interesting research conducted by Suleiman
and Moath is inspired by their observation that
though studies of the effect of high altitude on blood
chemistry are _______, the effect on blood chemistry
of living in locations below sea level, such as the
California towns of Salton City and Imperial, has
received comparatively little notice.
Which choice completes the text with the most
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
logical and precise word or phrase?
a) equivocal
a) complex
b) copious
b) useful
c) sporadic
c) popular
d) preliminary
d) creative
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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Horizontal gene transfer the exchange of genetic
material between organisms not in a parent-offspring
relationship. It is common among prokaryotes
(single-celled organisms, such as bacteria
Enterococcus cecorum and Moraexella caviae). The
process can have the effect of increasing bacterial
resistance to antibiotics; as such, an understanding of
how to prevent horizontal gene transfer might result
in the migration of dangerous pathogens (organisms
that cause disease).
In a study by Mike Moran, Daniel, and colleagues,
residents of Quito, Ecuador, and Lima, Peru, were
surveyed about parks in their cities. Of the 618
respondents from Quito, 82.9% indicated that they
use the city parks, and of the 663 respondents from
Lima, 72.7% indicated using city parks. Given that
the percentage of Quito who reported living within a
10-minute walk of a park was much lower than
reported by Lima respondents, greater proximity
alone can’t explain the difference in park use.
Which best describes the overall structure of the text
Which choice best describes the function of the
underlined part?
a) it describes a biological process and
explains why researching it is important.
a) It provides a context to help readers
understand the scope of the researcher’s
survey.
b) It identifies the nature of a relationship that
is significant to the text’s conclusion.
c) It introduces a counterexample to the
scenario described earlier in the text.
d) It marks a shift from a discussion of the
researcher’s conclusion to a discussion of
their methods.
b) It depicts two organisms and presents their
similarities and differences.
c) It explains why an organism poses a threat
and then suggests how that threat might be
avoided.
d) It provides a history of research into a
biological process and suggests a direction
for further investigation.
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
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The following text is adapted from Armando’s short
story “The Love of Clotide,” originally published in
Spanish in 1884.
Text 1
00966566450398
Odham farmers in Sonoran desert of the southwestern
US and Northern Mexico plant different species in
the same plot of land to help protect against the effect
of drought. For example, while organ pipe cacti can
tolerate extended periods of low moisture in the upper
soil, Chia flowers cannot. So, planting both species
helps ensure that even in growing seasons too dry for
Chia flowers, a farmer might still be able to harvest a
pipe organ fruit.
It was said that in {Don’s} youth he once wrote a play
which won him nothing but hisses and free entry for
life behind the scenes of theaters. Whether resigned
or not to the verdict of the public, he ceased to write
plays and assumed instead the nobler role of a patron
to unrecognized authors and artist and to ruined
managers.
Any youth from the province who arrived in Madrid
with a drama in his pocket could take no surer road to
seeing it produced than that which led to the home of
Don. One and all, he received them with open arms,
the good and the bad alike.
Text 2
Chia flowers are well adapted to growing in the desert
but are highly dependent on having sufficient
moisture in the upper soil. Inspired by Odaham
farmers, who often plant some crop species in the
shade of more drought-tolerant species such as organ
pipe cacti to help prevent the sun from drying the
upper soil, Gray and colleagues planted Chia flowers
in the shade of solar panels in Sonoran Desert and
found that the chia flowers grew well.
According to the text, what change coincided with
Don becoming a patron of the theater?
a) He achieved public recognition for an essay
he had written earlier.
b) He stopped writing plays.
c) He accepted a new job as a critic.
d) He moved to a town outside Madrid
Based on the texts, the author of text 1 and the author
of text 2 most likely agree on what point?
a) Gray’s team’s method could be refined to
prevent soil moisture more actively from
evaporating.
b) Organ pipe and solar panels both provide
adequate shade to help protect the moisture
in the upper soil.
c) The Odoham approach has an advantage
over Gray’s team’s approach in that is
capable of producing chia seeds.
d) Chia flowers require more moisture in the
upper soil than organ pipe cacti do.
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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Like all species of baleen whales, the common
minkle whale feeds on tiny creatures known as Krill
by filtering water through bristlelike keratin
structures called baleen plates. In this way, baleen
whales can eat up to 30% of their total mass per day.
And while no one would call the common minkle
whale small- it can have a mass as high as 4000 kgit is one of the smaller baleen whales and it is much
smaller than the fin whale, which can weigh a
whopping 80000 kg and consume as much as 24000
kg of krill per day.
Researchers Ceasr, Elisa, and Andres created a
computer model to predict the mix of movie theaters,
gyms, and other businesses found in a given
neighborhood. How we define a neighborhood and its
boundaries is subjective, so the team used a clustering
algorithm to locate dense groupings of amenities that
represent human-identified neighborhoods like
Boston’s Harvard square. The predictive model,
which incorporates this algorithm, is sure to be
invaluable in determining the optimal mix of a city’s
amenities.
According to the text, why did the team employ a
clustering algorithm?
Based on the text, what can most reasonably be
concluded about krill consumption among common
minkle and fin whales?
a) It could be used to evaluate the reasons for a
business closing.
a) Both of them can eat as much as 24000 kg of
krill per day.
b) The quantities of krill consumed by fin
whales has made it difficult for minkle
whales to find sufficient food.
c) The fin whale is able to eat more krill per day
than the minkle whale.
d) Most baleen whales include krill in their
diets, but the minkle whale is less likely than
the fin whale to do so.
Together, we can
b) It provided insights into how consumers are
made aware of new movie theaters and
gyms.
c) It could predict which types of businesses
would be successful in a given
neighborhood.
d) It gave them an objective way to identify
neighborhood.
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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Cane is a 1932 novel by Jean. in one portion of the
novel, Jean establishes a contrast between the
narrator’s attitude towards life and the attitude of the
narrator’s love interest, Avy, writing _____
Hypothesizing that lullabies, characterized by their
lower melodic complexity, are universally calming to
infants, Constance and colleagues played a lullaby sung
in the Luk Saami language and a non-lullaby sung in the
Tundra language to a group of infants. The team found
that the infants’ heart rates and pupil size both decreased
more during the lullaby than during the non-lullaby.
Since a decrease in heart rate is associated with
relaxation, the team concluded that the lullaby relaxed
the infants. However, noting that reduced heart rate can
also be associated with increased attention, one critic
argues that instead, the lullaby simply attracted the
infants’ attention.
Which quotation most effectively supports this
claim?
a) “I saw the dawn steel over Washington. The
capitol dome looked like a gray ghost
drifting in from sea.”
b) “Avey was as silent as those great trees
whose tops we looked down upon. She has
Which finding, if true, would most weaken the critic’s
always been like that. At least, to me.”
claim?
c) “Avey slipped her hand in mine. Pillowed
her head at best she could upon my arm.
Kissed the hand that she was holding and
listened, or so I thought, to what I had to
say.”
a)
More frequent blinking has also been found to
be a reliable indication of attention.
b) Parents of infants in the study preferred the Luk
Saami lullaby over the other.
d) “As time went on, Avey’s indifference to
things began to pique me; I was ambitious. I
left out small hometown earlier than she
did.”
c)
Increased attention to a stimulus is usually
accompanied by an ncrease in pupil size.
d) Infants of the study had no familiarity with
either of them.
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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Since 1948, Us News an & World Report has been
publishing data-driven reports on various aspects of
culture and society, including an annual ranking of
the best jobs in US. In 2021, the publication
determined that statistics had the sixth best job in US.
A calculation arrived at by considering such _______
median salary and work-life balance.
In Puerto Rico, it is not unusual for a city or town to be
known by a nickname that corresponds to one of its
notable features, like landscape, climate, famous
residents, or chief exports. For example, the Puerto
Rican Municipality of Arecilo has also been called “ the
villa of Captain Correa,” a nickname that alludes to what
the area is well ____ Antonio de Correa, the 17th-century
army captain who once defended the town.
Which choice completes the text?
Which choice most logically completes the text?
a) metrics as the profession’s
a)
b) metric as the profession’s
known for:
b) known: for
c) metrics as the professions’
c)
, known for
d) metric as the professions
d) known for;
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In the cosmetic industry, emulsifiers like polysorbate
80 allow chemicals to blend water and oil into
homogenous formulations, like lotions and perfumes.
________ in everything from food to cleaning
products, emulsifiers are compounds that serve to
stabilize an emulsion- a mixture of two or more
liquids that otherwise would not easily blend
together.
In Tallinn, Estonia, the average temperature is 57.4
degrees in June, _____ to 63 degrees in July, and then
dips slightly to 60 degrees in August.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
a)
b) rises
Which choice most logically completes the text?
c)
a) Using
has risen
d) rose
b) To use
c) They are used
d) Used
Together, we can
rising
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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A 2004 study led by ____ studied the impact of
fertilizers containing nitrogen on grassland arthropod
populations. Another study, led by Tracy in 2002,
looked at fertilizers containing nitrogen and two other
macronutrients: phosphorus and potassium.
“Portage,” a term referring to a place where canoes or
boats are carried over land, is the focus of an essay by
Donna ______ in Barry Lopez and Debra’s Home
Ground: A Guide to the American Landscape, the essay
helps illustrate the rich landscape vocabulary.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
the conventions of Standard English?
to the conventions of Standard English?
a)
a) researcher Peter Dennis
b) Seaman and included
b) researcher Peter Dennis,
c)
c) researcher, Peter Dennis,
Seaman, included
d) Seaman included
d) researcher, Peter Dennis
Together, we can
Seaman. Included
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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•
Nineteenth century Modernista architect championed
nature in their designs. ______ the dramatic archway
and botanical glasswork of Palau, a Modernista
private home designed by Manuell Raspel, could not
exactly grow in a forest. Still, one sees natural
influences in Raspel’s penchant for curves and plantand animal inspired flourishes.
•
•
•
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
to the conventions of Standard English?
•
a) Of course,
b) Similarly,
c) Furthermore,
In a 2011 study, Loydi tested the effect of
plant litter on seeding emergence in a
grassland setting.
Plant litter includes dead leaves and other
plant material.
The test site was a mesic grassland in
Argentina
It was in a subtropic climate with year-round
rain
The researcher found that in these
environmental conditions the presence of
plant litter had a neutral effect on seeding
emergence.
Which choice most effectively uses information from
the given sentences to specify the test site’s climate?
d) Thus,
a) Loydi’s study was conducted in a subtropic
climate with year-round rain.
b) A test was conducted in Argentina to study
the effect of plant litter on seedling
emergence in a given climate.
c) Loydi tested the effect of dead leaves and
other plant material on seedling emergence
in Argentina.
d) In a 2011 study, Loydi found that the
presence of plant litter had a neutral effect on
seedling emergence.
Together, we can
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THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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•
•
•
•
•
Trans Siberrean Orchestra (OTS) is a band
from US that was created in 1996.
The band’s sound combines the genres of
hard rock and classical music, with an epic
assembly of nearly fifty musician that
includes over a dozen singers.
Musicians are regularily invited to perform
with OTS on tour.
Keyboardist Paul Morris toured with. OTS in
2000.
Electric violinist Alison toured with OTS in
2008.
In the West African country of Burkina, the percentage
of population living in cities increased from 27.5% to
30.6% between 2015 and 2020; this upward trend in
urbanization was seen throughout that part of the
continent. ______ from 2015 to 2020, the overall
percentage of the West African population living in
cities rose from 44.5% to 47.7%
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice most effectively uses information from
the given sentences to emphasize the role Paul Morris
played when performing with OTS?
a) In 2000, Paul Morris performed with OTS as
a touring keyboardist.
b) From keyboardist Paul Morris to electric
violinist Alison, musicians all over the world
have taken the opportunity to perform with
OTS.
c) Musicians Paul Morris and Alison both
toured with OTS.
d) It was in 2000 that keyboardist Paul Morris
performed with OTS.
Together, we can
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a)
Nevertheless,
b) Later,
c)
Indeed,
d) In reality,
THE REVOLUTION IN SAT
MR. AHMED BAKR
00966566450398
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•
•
•
•
•
Maya Lin is an American artist known for
her memorials and works of installation art.
She completed the Women’s table in 1993.
It is a memorial sculpture consisting of
thirty-two-ton granite fountain, and it is
designed to commemorate female students at
Yale University.
She completed Untitled in 1997.
It is an installation artwork composed of
wood that fills an entire gallery room.
Al-Fattah Mosque in Egypt is a massive mosque that can
accommodate approximately 17000 people at once,
making it an ______ sight to behold.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice most effectively uses information from
the given sentences to emphasize the difference
between the two works?
a) Maya is well known for her memorials and
installation art, such as the Women’s table
and Untitled.
b) Completed in 1993 and 1997, respectively,
the Women’s table and Untitled are both
large scale works.
c) Maya’s women’s Table is a memorial
sculpture, while Untitled is an installation
artwork.
d) Though Maya’s Untitled is not a memorial,
its gallery-filling scale may call to mind her
imposing Women’s Table, which consists of
a thirty-ton-granite fountain
Together, we can
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a)
idealized
b) intricate
c)
illusory
d) imposing