Biology in the 21st Century
Study Guide A
Answer Key
SECTION 1. THE STUDY OF LIFE
1. forest, desert, grasslands, oceans, lakes, nose
interior, human skin
2. moray eel, snout beetle, polar bear, orchid,
honeypot ants
3. biosphere
4. species
5. biodiversity
6. Circle: need energy, made up of one or more
cells, can reproduce, react to environment.
Cross out: ability to feel pain, need sunlight,
produce seeds, need to sleep, can move.
7. one cell
8. energy
9. dividing
10. genetic material
11. a
12. c
13. d
SECTION 2. UNIFYING THEMES
OF BIOLOGY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
biosphere
ecosystem
organism
cell
process information
enable chemical processes
carry an organism
pumps blood throughout the body
grind food
temperature, blood sugar, acidity
temperature
cells
negative
changing, stable
true
false
system
ecosystem
adaptation
evolution
homeostasis
SECTION 3. SCIENTIFIC THINKING
AND PROCESSES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
observing
forming hypotheses
testing hypotheses
analyzing data
evaluating results
making observations
evidence
sights
sounds
smells
mass
volume
temperature
dependent variable: blood pressure,
independent variable: medication
dependent variable: cellular respiration;
independent variable: temperature
dependent variable: seed germination;
independent variable: precipitation
watching the migration patterns of storks
adding a solid to a liquid to find out if the
solid will dissolve
false
true
condition that is changed by a scientist
data
conclusion
condition that does not change
SECTION 4. BIOLOGISTS’ TOOLS
AND TECHNOLOGY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
LM
SEM
TEM
MRI
a
d
true
false
false
genomic
Name: ___________________________
Hour: ____________
Pages 4-6
MAIN IDEA: Earth is home to an incredible diversity of life.
forest
polar bear
snout beetle
honey pot ants
ocean
lake
human skin
nose interior
moray eel
orchid
desert
grassland
Use the phrases in the box above to fill in the chart below.
1. In the box labeled The Biosphere, list examples of environments on Earth in
which life is found.
2. In the box labeled Species, list examples of species that can be found on Earth.
Earth is home to an incredible
diversity of life.
The Biosphere
Species
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
3. The _____________ even includes places such as your eyelashes, pools of hot,
acidic water in Yellowstone National Park, and cold, windswept rocks in the
Aleutian Islands.
4. Members of a __________ should be able to reproduce together.
5. In places where ____________ is high, there are more species.
MAIN IDEA: All organisms share certain characteristics.
6. In the box below, circle the four items that are characteristic of all
living organisms. Cross out the items that are not characteristics of all
living organisms.
need energy
need sunlight
can reproduce
made up of one or more cells
produce seeds
can move
ability to feel pain
need to sleep
react to environment
Using the words in the box, fill in the outline with the basic systems of life.
more complex
1.
_____________
2.
_____________
3.
_____________
4.
_____________
organism
biosphere
cell
ecosystem
less complex
Match each body part with its specialized function.
5. brain cells
carry an organism
6. enzymes
process information
7. feet
pumps blood throughout the body
8. heart
enable chemical processes
9. teeth
grind food
Page 9
10. Circle the conditions that are regulated by homeostasis.
temperature
outside environment
acidity
thoughts
blood sugar
Circle the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
11. Humans shiver in response to cold because of the body’s attempts to maintain
an even temperature / acidity.
12. Homeostasis is important because behaviors / cells need certain conditions in
order to function.
13. The body usually uses positive / negative feedback to maintain homeostasis.
14. The conditions outside the body are always the same / changing, but the
conditions inside the body are generally very changeable / stable.
Pages 7-10
Match the words with their meanings.
17. organized group of related parts that
interact to form a whole
evolution
18. physical environment with different species
that interact with each other and with
nonliving things
adaptation
19. an inherited trait that gives an advantage to
individual organisms and is passed on to
future generations
homeostasis
20. the change in living things over time
ecosystem
21. the maintenance of constant internal
conditions in an organism
System
Use the following words or phrases to fill in the blanks in the flow chart. (Page 15)
forming hypotheses
observing
testing hypotheses
evaluating results
analyzing data
Fill in the chart using the words from the box.
1. _______________
Scientists make
observations and
examine prior research.
5. _______________
Scientists evaluate data
and conclusions presented
by other scientists.
4. _______________
Scientists analyzes their
data to draw conclusions
about their research.
2. _______________
Scientists ask questions
and try to explain
observations.
3. _______________
Scientists collect data that
they use to support or
reject a hypothesis.
Pages 13-17
sights
volume
temperature
mass
sounds
smells
Qualitative data
Quantitative data
8. ___________________________
9. ___________________________
10. ___________________________
11. ____________________________
12. ____________________________
13. ____________________________
Circle the dependent variable in each sentence. Draw a box around the
independent variable.
14. A scientist is testing the effects of medication on the blood pressure of
patients.
15. A scientist wants to find out how cellular respiration is affected by
temperature.
16. A scientist is measuring the effect of precipitation on seed germination.
Draw lines to match each type of investigation with an example.
17. Observational study
Adding a solid to a liquid to find out if the solid
will dissolve
18. Experiment
Watching the migration patterns of white storks
Draw lines to connect the phrases that mean the same thing.
19. independent variable
conclusion
20. dependent variable
condition that is changed by a scientist
21. theory
data
22. constant
condition that does not change
Use the correct term from the box below to fill in the description with the correct
type of technology. (pages 19-21)
light microscope (LM)
transmission electron microscope (TEM)
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
1. ___________________________ uses light and lenses to magnify images, can be used
with living specimens, and can clearly magnify specimens up to about 1500 times.
2. ____________________________ uses electrons and computers to magnify specimens
and produce three-dimensional images, cannot be used to observe living specimens,
creates images that are computer colorized, and can clearly magnify specimens more than
100,000 times.
3. ____________________________ uses electrons and computers to magnify specimens
and produce two-dimensional images, cannot be used to observe living specimens,
creates images that are computer colorized, and can clearly magnify specimens more than
100,000 times.
4. _____________________________ uses strong magnetic fields to show a cross section
of a body part and can show both soft tissues and dense tissues. Cross sections can be
combined by computer to give a complete image of the whole area.