2019NHEFESSAY COMPETI TI ON-AMUSAN ADEDAMOLAGI DEON Topi c :Us i ngac as es t udyorexampl e, pr ovi deas ol ut i on( s )t oaddr es st hec hal l engesof Humanc api t aldevel opmenti nNi ger i a. AMUSANADEDAMOLAGI DEON UNI VERSI TYOFLAGOSAKOKA 170505027 Thes ubj ec tofHumanc api t aldevel opmentr ai s esques t i onsofnec es s i t y.I ti s s omet hi ngt hathasbeendonef ormanyyear sf ors ever alr eas ons .Def i nedbyAc qui nas ( 1984)asapr oc es sofenhanc i ngs ki l l spr oduc t i vi t y,knowl edgeandval uesofpeopl e t hr oughhel pi ngt hem ac hi evebet t erl i vi ngi nt hei renvi r onment .Themor eanat i onhas knowl edgeabl e,s ki l l edandr es our c ef uli ndi vi dual sc ont r i but i ngt onat i onalgr owt hand devel opment ,t hehi ghert heval ueoft hehumanc api t aloft hatnat i on.Rec ent l y, Gover nmentandpr i vat ei ndi vi dual sar ef eel i ngmor eobl i gedt oi nves ti nhumanc api t al andwi t ht headvanc ementoft ec hnol ogyandot herdi s c over i es ,t heneedt oi mpr ove humanc api t alhasbec omeani s s uef ort hem.Thec ur r entc r i s i shasbi r t hanar r ayof r es pons es ,i nc l udi ngs ear c hi ngf ors ol ut i ons ,r ewor ki ngr egul at i onsandmas s i vec api t al i nj ec t i on. Si ngapor ei sr anked1outof157c ount r i esi nt heHumandevel opmenti ndexr el eas ed i n2018byt heWor l dBankandi twasr anked9outof189c ount r i esi nt heHuman devel opmenti ndexr el eas edbyTheUni t edNat i onsDevel opmentPr ogr ammeal s oi n 2018.Si ngapor es ec ededf r om Br i t i s h on t he31s tofAugus t1963.Toget herwi t h Mal ays i at heyf or medTheFeder at i onofMal ays i a.Duet oc ont i nuousunr es tSi ngapor e gai nedf or mali ndependenc eonAugus t9, 1965. Af t eri ndependenc eSi ngapor eCont i nue t oexper i enc epr obl ems , muc hoft hec i t ys t at e' sThr eemi l l i onpeopl ewer eunempl oyed. Mor et hant wot hi r dsofi t spopul at i onwasl i vi ngi ns l umsands quat t ers et t l ement son t hec i t y' sf r i nge.ThePr i meMi ni s t erLeeKuanYews oughti nt er nat i onalas s i s t anc e,but hi spl easwentunans wer ed,l eavi ng Si ngapor et of end f ori t s el f ,I nc ont r as tt o Si ngapor e' senvi abl edevel opment , Ni ger i ai sc l os et ot hebot t omoft heaf or ement i oned i ndi c es ;152outof157c ount r i esi nt hef or mer , and157outof189c ount r i esi nt hel at t er . Ni ger i ahavemor eHumanr es our c esandNat ur alr es our c est hanSi ngapor e,how t hen di dac ount r ywal l owi ngont hever geoft ot alc ol l aps ebec omeaf or c et or ec konwi t hi n t hewor l dec onomi c ,whi l eNi ger i ac ont i nuet os t r uggl eatt hebot t om?Themaj ort ool s us edbySi ngapor ear eEduc at i on,Heal t hi mpr ovementandf i ghtagai ns tc or r upt i on. Ni ger i aont heot herhandhavef ai l edwoef ul l yi nt hes ekeyar eas .Wec an' tc ont i nuet o dwel lon;whats houl dbeorwhats houl dhavebeen,i ti shi ght i mef oral ll evel sof 2 AMUSANADEDAMOLAGI DEON UNI VERSI TYOFLAGOSAKOKA 170505027 Gover nmentt or ef oc us ed, r es t r at egi z edandhadadr as t i cr et hi nkandover haulofour pol i c i es However , wi t houtac l earunder s t andi ngoft hec aus e, t her emedi esmaydomor ehar m t han good.Bei ng awar e ofone' sweaknes s esbet t erequi p peopl et o" Chal l enge t hems el vest o appl ynew s ki l l sand i mpr ovet hems el vest hr ough pr ac t i c e"( P303, Komi ves&wagner ) .Themos ti mpor t antas pec ti nhumanc api t aldevel opmentand maj oragentofEc onomy gr owt hi st he Educ at i on s ec t or .I ns uf f i c i entf und and i nadequat e pl anni ng has been t he pr obl em det er i or at i ng ourEduc at i on s ys t em. Si ngapor edevel opedi t sHumanr es our c esbys et t i ngupmanyt ec hni c als c hool sand pai di nt er nat i onalc or por at i ons t ot r ai nt hei r uns ki l l ed wor ker si ni nf or mat i on t ec hnol ogy,pet r oc hemi c al sandEl ec t r oni c s .Pr ovi s i onwasal s omadef ort hos ewho c oul dnotgeti ndus t r i alj obs .Thegover nmentenr ol l edt hem i nl abor i nt ens i veunt r adabl es er vi c es ,s uc hast our i s m andt r ans por t at i on.I fwec anal s of ol l owt hes es t eps t hegr eatr es ul tac hi evebyt hemi snotf ar f et c hed. Themoneybudget edandi nves t edi n ourEduc at i ons ec t ori snotenough,evenwi t ht hei nc r eas ei nt hi samounti nt he2016, 2017and2018budget s , l oophol esc ans t i l lbes een.Manygr aduat esc omeoutf r om t he Uni ver s i t i esandpol yt ec hni c swi t honl yt heor et i c alknowl edgeoft hec our s et heyar e St udyi ng, t heyhavel i t t l eornoknowl edgeoft hepr ac t i c alas pec t s . Tr ul y, var i ousPr i vat e andPubl i cf i r msandi ndus t r i esf ul f i l lt hei rc or por at es oc i alr es pons i bi l i t ybypr ovi di ng s c hol ar s hi psf ors t udent st of ur t hert hei reduc at i onout s i det hes hor esoft hec ount r y, butwhent hi ss t udent s 'f oundat i oni sbad,how c ant heyc opewi t ht hei rc ount er par t s overt her e?,Forwhat s oevert heyhavel ear nther ewi l ls er veasabedr oc kf orf ur t her s t udi es .Mor eover ,s endi ng10outofever y100s t udent sabr oadi sagoodi ni t i at i ve,but c r eat i ngagoodl ear ni ngenvi r onmentf ort hewhol e100t ol ear nr i ghther ei nNi ger i ai s abet t eri ni t i at i ve.Pr ovi di ngs t andar dEduc at i onatal ll evel s ;bot ht hegr as s r oot sand hi ghereduc at i on l evels houl d be t he goal ,t he pr ovi s i on ofFr ee uni ver s alBas i c Educ at i on( UBE)s houl d ber ei gni t ed,i nt er nat i onalpr of es s i onal sandc or por at i ons s houl dbes etupt ot r ai nouruns ki l l edwor ker s .I fal lt hes ear edonenotonl ywi l lour Gr os sdomes t i cpr oduc t( GDP)i nc r eas e,newi nvent i onsandt ec hnol ogi eswi l lbegi nt o 3 AMUSANADEDAMOLAGI DEON UNI VERSI TYOFLAGOSAKOKA 170505027 s ur f ac e. ForEduc at i onpavest hepat hf orEc onomi cgr owt hofac ount r y . I ti sanopens ec r ett hatt hes t at eofourmedi c alc ent r esandHos pi t al sar enot hi ngt o wr i t ehomeabout . Doc t or st hr eat eni ngt ogoons t r i keati nt er val sduet ounpai ds al ar i es andbadwor ki ngc ondi t i ons ,i s s uesofi ns uf f i c i entbedandequi pment sar er egul ar pr obl emsf ac i ngourheal t hs ec t or .Foranynat i on' sEc onomy ,t heheal t hofi t sc i t i z ens pl aysavi t alr ol e. Si ngapor edevel opedi t sheal t hs ys t embymai nt ai ni ngaPubl i c Pr i vat e bal anc e,i t suni ver s alheal t hc over ages ys t em i sl ar gel yover s eenbyt heGover nment ' s Mi ni s t r yofheal t h, buti ti nc l udess uppor tf r omc i t i z ensandt hepr i vat es ec t or . I t sheal t h f i nanc i ng s c heme epi t omi z es good gover nanc e.Ot heri ns t r ument s us ed i nc l ude; I nt egr at edf i nanc i ngs c hemeoft axat i on,Savi ngsandr egul at i onofbot hpubl i cand pr i vat eheal t hi ns ur anc ei nt hec ount r y,wi t ht hes es c hemes ,notonl ydi dt heyac hi eve hi ghqual i t yheal t hc ar es ys t em,t hemoneys pentonheal t hc ar ei sl owes tamongt he hi ghi nc omec ount r i esi nt hewor l d. I fwec ani mi t at et hi ss t epsi nl i t t l et i mewewi l lhave goodwor ki ngc ondi t i onsi nourhos pi t al sandDoc t or ss al ar i eswi l lbepai dasatwhen due,f ori ft hec ur r entt r endoft heRi c ht r avel i ngoutoft hec ount r yf ort r eat ment ,and ourbes tDoc t or sandmedi c algr aduat est r avel i ngoutoft hec ount r yf orgr eenerpas t ur e, t heGDPoft hec ount r ywi l lc ont i nuet of al l .Gover nmenthos pi t al ss houl dbeequi pped wi t hupt odat emac hi nesandequi pment s , enoughs t af fs houl dbeempl oyed, heal t ht al k out r eac hs houl dbei nt ens i f i edandf r eet r eat ments houl dbeavai l abl et ot hec i t i z ens . Al l t hes ec anbeac hi evedbyenc our agi ngpr i vat ei ndi vi dual st oi nves ti nt heheal t hs ec t or , i ns ur anc epol i c i esandawar enes ss houl dbepr ovi dedf orwor ker sandal s ot hemoney al l oc at edt ot heheal t hs ec t ori nt heCount r y' sbudgets houl dbei nc r eas ed. Cor r upt i onhasf orver yl ongt i mebeenamenac et oourCount r y, c as esofGover nment of f i c i al satf eder al ,s t at e,andl oc all evelembez z l i ngf undsmeantf orpubl i cus ei s gr adual l ybec omi ngar egul art al e.Nomat t ert heamountofmoneypumpedi nt oany s ec t or ;Educ at i on,Heal t h,Power ,t r ans por t at i onandot her s ,onc et her ei sc or r upt i oni n anydepar t mentt hegr owt hofs uc hs ec t orwi l lbes t unt ed.Ef f or thasbeenmadeby pr evi ousandpr es entgover nmentt oc ur bt hi smenac e. Si ngapor ef ac edt hi si s s uet ooat onepoi nt ,butt hr oughs t r i c tands t r at egi cpl anni ngi twaser adi c at edt ot hemi ni mum. Twokeyl egi s l at i onswer eus edt of i ghtc or r upt i on;t hePr event i onofCor r upt i onAc t ( PCA) ,andt heCor r upt i on,Dr ugTr af f i c ki ngandOt herSer i ousCr i mes( Conf i s c at i onof Benef i t s )Ac t( CDSA) .ThePCAhasawi des c opewhi c happl i est oper s onswhogi veor r ec ei ve br i besi n bot ht he publ i c and pr i vat es ec t or .The CDSA,when i nvoked, 4 AMUSANADEDAMOLAGI DEON UNI VERSI TYOFLAGOSAKOKA 170505027 c onf i s c at esi l l got t engai nsf r om c or r uptof f ender s .Toget her ,t het wol awsens ur et hat c or r upt i on r emai ns a hi ghr i s kl owr ewar ds ac t i vi t y.Upon t he c onc l us i on of i nves t i gat i onsbyt heCPI B,al lal l egedc or r upt i onc as eswi l lbehandedovert ot he At t or neyGener al ’ sChamber s( AGC) ,t hepr os ec ut or i alar m oft heSi ngapor eCr i mi nal J us t i c e Sys t em,t o obt ai nt he Publ i cPr os ec ut or ’ sc ons entt o pr oc eed wi t h Cour t pr oc eedi ngs .Wi t ht hes ys t em puti npl ac e,f earoft her eper c us s i onofanyf or m of c or r upt i onmadebot hGover nmentof f i c i al sandc i vi lwor ker st oabi debyl ai ddownc ode ofc onduc t s .Wec anal s oac hi evet hi sl evelofDi s c i pl i neandac c ount abi l i t ybyl ayi ng s anc t i onsandpuni s hmentf orof f ender s , t her es houl dbeChec ksf orever yonenomat t er t het i t l eorpos i t i onhel d.Thef i ghtagai ns tc or r upt i ons houl dbei mpar t i al ,andt he r es pons i bl eboar df ort hi sac t i vi t ys houl dbef undedandgi vent her equi r edpl at f or mt o wor kwi t houti nt er f er enc e. I fwec an haveef f ec t i vel aws ,i ndependentj udi c i ar y, ef f ec t i veenf or c ementandar es pons i vepubl i cs er vi c e,under pi nnedbys t r ongpol i t i c al wi l landl eader s hi pi nl i t t l et i met hemons t erc al l edc or r upt i ont or ment i ngourc ount r y Ni ger i awi l lbedef eat ed. Fi nal l y,Ni ger i ai sbl es s edabundant l ywi t hNat ur alr es our c es ,f er t i l el and,f avour abl e weat herandHumanr es our c es .I fac ount r ywi t hnotasmuc hr es our c esasour s ,wi t h s ever eunempl oyment ,poori nf r as t r uc t ur e,andahous i ngs hor t ageI nabout50year s agoc anbepr edi c t edt oi nves tanexpec t edamountofS$1bi l l i oni neduc at i onyear l yby wor l dbank,wi t hourr es our c eswec andoevenbet t er ,i fwedevel opourhuman r es our c es .Thegoodwhi c hhumanc api t aldevel opmentwi l lbr i ngabouti soveral ong t er m, al lhandsmus tbeondec kt os eet ot hes uc c es soft hec ount r y. I ti samaz i ngwhat al i t t l eef f or ther eandt her ec an do.Thegover nmenthast ot akeal lt hes ei nt o c ons i der at i onandmaket henec es s ar yc hanges . Andi tbr i ngsnos hamet ol ear nf r om ot hernat i ons .Thi swi l levenboas tourexper i enc e,s ki l l ,andexper t i s e.Andwec anr i s e t ot hel evelwher eot herc ount r i eswi l lc omet oust ol ear n. Ni ger i ac andot hi s . 5 AMUSANADEDAMOLAGI DEON UNI VERSI TYOFLAGOSAKOKA 170505027 BI BLI OGRAPHY — Aqui nas , T. ( 1984) . Sommat heol ogi c a. par i s :Edi t i onEdu. c er t . vol1&2 — Hdr . undp. or g(Uni t ednat i onsdevel opmentPr ogr amm)Human Devel opmenti ndex2018. — hdr . undp. or g›pr of i l es›SGP Si ngapor e-| HumanDevel opmentRepor t s-UNDP — ht t ps : / / www. per el l . c om›bl og›s t or . . . TheSt or yofSi ngapor e— Davi dPer el l — ht t p: / / www. wor l dbank. or g/ Wor l dBanki nSi ngapor e — Leader s hi pForaBet t erWor l d( Sec ondEdi t i on) :Komi ves , S. R. , Wagner , W. , &As s oc i at es . . . — Phot i us . c om(Sour c e:Thewor l dbank)Humandevel opmenti ndex2018. — Quar t zc r eat i ve( Ar t i c l eonLeekuanyews c hoolofpubl i cpol i c y) 6