Tompong, Sean Andrei V. BSMT1A MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Date: Sep 1, 2023 1. A case study report on a patient with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Patient: 63-year-old male Symptoms: Fever, cough & chest pain Diagnosis: SARS-CoV-2 Findings: - The echocardiograph has shown mild pericardial effusion without any regional wall motion abnormalities. - A nasopharyngeal swab was performed, which was shown as positive. - A detailed etiological workup for pericarditis, including infectious and inflammatory causes, was unremarkable. - Viral pericarditis, possibly caused by COVID-19, was a diagnosis of exclusion. Treatment: - Patient was treated with hydroxychloroquine 200 mg twice a day, colchicine 0.5 mg twice a day, and lopinavir/ritonavir 200 mg/50 mg tablet twice a day for 10 days during admission. - He was discharged with hydroxychloroquine 200 mg twice daily and colchicine 0.5 mg once daily for 15 days. Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33634246 2. A Case analysis of a female patient diagnosed of COVID 19 that exhibited SARS Patient: 49-year-old female Symptoms: Fever & dyspnea Diagnosis: COVID -19 with acute lower limb ischemia Findings: - The patient's left leg was cyanosed and discolored up to the mid-leg, cold, with no detected dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial artery pulsations. - There was popliteal artery pulsation, and no detected sensation in the whole left foot and distal third of leg without movement. Left leg discoloration and mottling at the time of presentation. Treatment: - The patient was initiated with an anticoagulant – unfractionated heparin (therapeutic dose of 10,000 Units, in 100mL of 5% Dextrose intravenously (IV) every 6 hours) – fluid therapy (5% Dextrose 250 ml IV every 8 hours; 0.9% Sodium Chloride 250ml IV every 8 hours), oxygen therapy, pain killers (paracetamol injection; (1 g (10mg/100mL) IV every 8 hours), and ceftriaxone injection (1 g IV every 12 hours). Source: https://f1000research.com/articles/9-778 3. A case study report on a patient who was hospitalized due to difficulty of breathing and was given a treatment of ventilation with the use of a ventilator. Patient: 71-year-old man Symptoms: Chest pain, diaphoresis, & shortness of breath Diagnosis: Congestive heart failure & ischemic cardiomyopathy Findings: Patient’s medical history: - The patient had hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic cardiomyopathy and had a history of myocardial infarctions (an inferoposterior myocardial infarction, which had occurred 29 years earlier, and an apical infarction, which had occurred 14 years earlier and for which percutaneous balloon angioplasty of the first marginal branch of the left circumflex artery had been performed). - Nine years before the current admission, a cardiac stress test with radionuclide imaging revealed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 33% and a reversible anterolateral defect; subsequent cardiac catheterization revealed severe disease in the right coronary artery and in branches of the left circumflex artery. - Seven months before the current admission, echocardiography revealed that the left ventricular ejection fraction had worsened to 22%, and a subsequent cardiac stress test with radionuclide imaging (performed at this hospital) revealed a markedly dilated left ventricle, with large, dense inferior and lateral scars and associated minimal inferoapical ischemia. Patient’s recent findings: - Eleven weeks before the current admission, transthoracic echocardiography (performed at this hospital) revealed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 23%, dilatation of the left atrium (anteroposterior dimension, 39 mm) and left ventricle (end diastolic dimension, 55 mm), diffuse hypokinesis of both ventricles (mild in the right and severe in the left), mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, and no pericardial effusion. Treatment: - The patient's medications were aspirin, irbesartan, carvedilol, hydrochlorothiazide, isosorbide mononitrate, atorvastatin, metformin, sitagliptin, and loratadine. The patient was allergic to penicillin and cephalosporins, which caused a rash, and he reported cough with the use of angiotensin-converting–enzyme inhibitors. Source: https://www.nejm.org/doi/story/10.1056/feature.2015.06.03.42 4. Video-Audio Presentation of a pulmonologist treating a patient of septicemic shock. Video: https://youtu.be/yzExwqHnDnE 5. Video-Audio Presentation of a medical technologist or a respiratory therapist performing blood collection for Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) examination. Video: https://youtu.be/8AznWNiETgM
