5G Beamforming
5GC000535 Analog Beamforming
5GC001943 Spillover analog Beamforming
5GC000533 Digital Beamforming for CPRI based Rus
5GC001942 Spillover digital Beamforming for CPRI based RUs
Network Engineering Information
• Version number 1.0
• Document ID:5af99b5217a5180012dbaa87
• Krzysztof Wisniowski
• 30-08-2019
Please, always check the latest version of NEI slides.
1
© Nokia 2016
NETWORK ENGINEERING
Disclaimer
• Please note that the NEI materials are for internal use only. If they shall be used as a source for
the customer presentation, it is mandatory to align the contents with the Product Management
and/or local sales teams at first
• The results of simulations shown in this presentation are examples only. They demonstrate trends
(not absolute values) expected after feature activation. The presented simulations should be
analyzed with respect to the assumptions taken. They may differ from results achievable in real
networks.
• This NEI slide deck reflects the state of the feature/solution as it is at the moment of the NEI slide
deck release and is being updated up to C5 (release available) milestone .
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© Nokia 2018
Feature scope matrix
List of features and subfeatures considered for this presentation
Feature ID
Considered subfeatures
CFAM version
5GC000535
Analog Beamforming
5GC001943 Spillover analog
Beamforming (5G19A)
5GC000535-A
SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-B
Analog BF with basic configuration: initial access and data transfer
5GC000535-C
Analog BF with multiple carriers
5GC000535-D
Beam tracking with multi CC – covered by 5GC001943
5GC000535-E
Beam recovery through PRACH - covered by 5GC001943
5GC000535-F
Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
V0.26 released on
2018-07-20
5GC000533
Digital Beamforming for CPRI based
RUs
5GC001942 Spillover digital
Beamforming for CPRI based Rus
(5G19A)
5GC000533-A
Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
5GC000533-B
Beam tracking on single SSB beam
5GC000533-C
Beam refinement and reporting of second best beam - covered by
5GC001942
5GC000533-E
Beam recovery and PM Counters
V0.9.0 released on
2018-09-05
3
© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Comment
Revision history and metadata
Please, note that NEI is a controlled document and it is obligatory to fill in and maintain
its Revision History
Document ID: 5af99b5217a5180012dbaa87
Document location: https://webnei.emea.nsn-net.net/#/webnei/5af99b5217a5180012dbaa87/1
Organization: Network Engineeringv1.2
4
Version
Description of Changes
Date
Doc Owner
Doc Status
V0.1
First version of the material
10-05-2018
Krzysztof Wisniowski
Draft
V1.0
Approved version
19-05-2018
Krzysztof Wisniowski
V1.1
Beam tracking info updated. Feature scope matrix
added
19-12-2018
Krzysztof Wisniowski
V1.1
Added feature tags
28-02-2019
Krzysztof Wisniowski
V1.1
Fix 535-E subfeature content
25-03-2019
Krzysztof Wisniowski
V1.2
Updated Performance section
01-06-2019
Krzysztof Wisniowski
V1.2
Updated with 5GC001942, 1943
17-07-2019
Krzysztof Wisniowski
© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Reviewed
by
Approver
Approval Date
Agenda
1
2
Introduction
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© Nokia 2018
Technical
Details
Nokia Internal Use
3
Configuration
Management
Introduction
5G Physical Layer: Beamforming
5GC000535 Analog Beamforming
5GC000533 Digital Beamforming for CPRI based RUs
<chapter:introduction>
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Table of contents
Introduction
Frequency vs. pathloss
Pathloss proportional to the square of carrier
frequency
• Where does the power go?
Free Space Propagation
Effective area of radiating element is
proportional to square wavelength
Solution : Increase number
of radiators per polarization,
when going to higher frequencies
1GHz: N=1
0.5=15cm
0.5
1
G5dBi
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© Nokia 2018
2GHz: N=4
1=15cm
4GHz: N=16
2=15cm
2
G11dBi
Nokia Internal Use
32GHz: N=1024
16=15cm
16
G17dBi
G35dBi
FREQUENCY
2
Pr  Gr Gt Pt
4r 2
Introduction
Beamforming and beamwidth
Drawback: beamwidth
becomes smaller with
higher antenna gain (higher
number of radiators)
Antenna does not cover whole
sector at once any more.
1GHz: N=1
0.5=15cm
0.5
1
~120
Special methods are needed
for Broadcast (BCH) and
Random Access (RACH)
Adaptive user tracking needed
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
2GHz: N=4
1=15cm
~60
4GHz: N=16
2=15cm
2
~30
32GHz: N=1024
16=15cm
16
“pencil
beams:“ ~4
azimuth and elevation beam-width
Example from 5G Antenna Concepts and Algorithms Domain Training, available here
Introduction
Electromagnetic Wave Polarization
•
An electromagnetic plane wave travels in a single direction and
the Electric and Magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other
and to the direction of travel.
•
•
•
•
( c=f )
The Polarization of a plane wave is the orientation of the Electric
field as the wave propagates
Linear Polarization:
•
•
Speed = wavelength x frequency
E field occupies a single plane as the wave propagates
Circular Polarization:
•
E field has two equal-magnitude orthogonal components 90 degrees
out of phase
•
E field traces a circle as the wave propagates
•
If the direction of propagation is out of the page:
•
Right Hand Circular Polarized: E field rotates counterclockwise
•
Left Hand Circular Polarized: E field rotates clockwise
Elliptical Polarization
•
E field has two unequal-magnitude orthogonal components 90
degrees out of phase
•
E field traces an ellipse as the wave propagates
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© Nokia 2018
Introduction
Electromagnetic Wave Polarization
If EM waves are polarized orthogonally (e.g. electric field vector
is 90deg apart) they will not interfere and can be used to
transmit different data symbols.
Changing the beam direction and shape (beamforming) is done
using the same polarity elements.
Through scattering during propagation initially orthogonal
waves will lose their orthogonality and some crosstalk would
occur on the receiving antennas.
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Vertical beamforming
(elevation)
Polarization of the transmitted EM wave is determined by the
orientation of the radiating element in the antenna.
Horizontal beamforming
(azimuth)
Introduction
Beamforming principle
Waves transmitted from multiple antennas will add
constructively/destructively in space. By changing the phases and
amplitudes (→ complex weights, beamforming vector) of the
individual antennas we can change the azimuths of these specific
areas → beam pattern
To transmit to a specific user, ideally signals from all of the
transmit antennas should arrive at its receive antenna in the same
phase to add constructively. To achieve this, knowledge about
channel coefficients is needed to direct a beam. With limited
channel knowledge the results will be sub-optimal.
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Nokia Internal Use
Introduction
Example: obtaining channel information (applicable to LTE)
•
Beamforming needs channel knowledge at the transmitter
-
Channel coefficient == how does a channel change the amplitude and phase of the symbol
•
•
•
In TDD there is channel reciprocity (UL and DL have same channel coefficients)
Channel information is obtained from UL Sounding Reference Symbols
Based on the channel information, a vector of beamforming weights is calculated
•
In 5G19 a different approach is taken (see next slide)
Received
symbol
Channel
coefficient h how the channel
changes the
transmitted
symbol in terms of
amplitude and
phase
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© Nokia 2018
Transmitted
symbol
Q
Amplitude
I
Phase
Nokia Internal Use
Reciprocity granted in TDD
AirScale System Module (RAU)
(gNB-DU excl. RF part)
In 5G19 gNB operates on a set of predefined beams in
UL and DL.
Sets of beam weights are stored in the RU and beam
synthesis is taken over by RU.
Beam selection is done by RAU and is indicated to RU
by beam index.
The main effect is significant reduction of fronthaul
capacity requirement – instead of connecting to every
TRX, only the per user streams need to be transmitted.
Another benefit is reduction of baseband capacity
requirement as calculation of beamforming weights on
the fly is very demanding on the computation power.
The drawback of this solution is non-optimal
beamforming towards users.
In 5G19 beam weights are shared by +45 and -45
degree antenna polarizations, i.e. each beam is crosspolarized and can send two multiplexed streams.
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
AirScale MAA (RU)
(RF part of gNB-DU)
CPRI
One beam
AirScale System Module
ASIK+ABIL
MAC scheduler, adapt rank,
MCS, beam, PMI
GoB
Beam_1: {w1,w2… wn}
Beam_2: {w1,w2… wn}
…
Beam_n: {w1,w2… wn}
Rank,
PMI,
MCS
UE data
Antenna elements
Introduction
5G: Grid of Beams principle
Introduction
Beamforming Control Interface
•
Used in both analog / digital
beamforming
•
Sent from beamforming control
entity (L2,L1)
•
Needs to be timed correctly to
ensure the Execution Entity (radio
module) has enough time to switch
to the desired beam
Number of control blocks
flexible
Beamforming Control Message
Body
Tailing delimiter
Control Block #14
Control Block #13
Control Block #12
Control Block #11
Control Block #10
Control Block #9
Control Block #8
Control Block #7
Control Block #6
Control Block #5
Control Block #4
Control Block #3
Control Block #2
Control Block #1
Header
Heading delimiter
Control Block
Control Vector #0
Pattern ID
BCN_N2
1
ANGLE_POINTER
Sizes and presence need to be
configured to BCE and ExE
TX_RX
BW_V
4
CAL
Control Vector #3
Pattern ID
BW_H
4
1
ANGLE_POINTER
40
Sizes and presence need to be
configured to BCE and ExE
TX_RX
BW_V
CRC-4-ITU
CAL
Control Vector #2
Pattern ID
BW_H
CTRL_BLOCK_NO
8
x
1
ANGLE_POINTER
SUBFRAME_TYPE
8
HEAD_CRC
CRC-4-ITU
Sizes and presence need to be
configured to BCE and ExE
TX_RX
BW_V
STUFFING "11"
2
STRUCT_CRC
CAL
BW_H
SUBFRAME_NUMBER
6
BCN_N1
ANGLE_POINTER
SEQUENCE_NUMBER
CTRL_MSG_BODY_LEN
8
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© Nokia
2018 8
CTRL_MSG_VERSION
FLOW_DES_CTRL
FLOW_DES_EXEC
4 14 4
24
BW_V
Control message's header
fixed size, 112 bits
BW_H
y1
Control Vector #1
Pattern ID
CTRL_BLOCK_CRC
CAL TX_RX
Sizes and presence need
to be configured to BCE
and ExE
1
STUFF
CRC-8-WCDMA
Needs to be
configured to
BCE / ExE
8
Introduction
Beamforming
time
The transmission of
data (& control
information) to any
individual UE is
done with the help
of the narrow
beams.
Each individual beam is a signal limited in space (narrow beam), that is intended to reach the user
(or users) placed in the coverage zone of that specific beam but that is not visible to other users
(it’s still detected by others, but with low level)
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Introduction
Beamforming – Downlink and uplink
time
Downlink
transmisson,
followed by uplink
transmission. The
switching can be
done on slot basis,
or on symbol basis
The TDD transmission mode means that there could be DL or UL frames at the same carrier
frequency. The DL and, respectively, UL scheduler will choose the beam direction that will be used
during the incoming TTI, according to the frame type (direction)
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Introduction
Beamforming - common channels coverage
The continuous coverage of the cell area is not
there any more. The problem is: how to
provide common control channels. These
channels need to be heard by all UEs in the
coverage area of the given cell.
The answer is: sweeping. At predefined
amounts of time, the broadcast information is
being sent sequentially across all beams – think
about a lighthouse for a real-world reference.
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
Introduction
SS Block Burst Set: multi-beam sweeping
• Within an SS/PBCH burst set, beams are mapped in consecutive SS/PBCH blocks in increasing order of beam index
• The beam indexes are numbered from 0 to L-1 where L represents the maximum number of beams where SS/PBCH blocks are
broadcasted within a SS/PBCH burst set
• The beam indexing initialization is such that the beam 0 is transmitted in the first SS/PBCH block of the first radio frame carrying
SS/PBCH block
SS Burst Set 1
SS Burst Set 0
…
SS
block
0
SS
block
1
SS
block
2
SS
block
3
…
SS
block
L
…
SS
block
0
SS
block
1
SS
block
2
SS
block
3
…
Multi-beam
sweeping
beam #0 beam #1 beam #2 beam #3
…
SS
block
L
…
beam #L-1
beam #0
beam #1 beam #2
beam #3
beam #L-1
The main purpose of SS Burst sets is to support DL beam
sweeping, in which DL Tx beams are sequentially transmitted
in order to cover the whole service area in one SS Burst Set
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© Nokia 2018
…
The number of SS Blocks in SS Burst Set
equals the number of beams. Parameter
NRCELLGRP:numberOfTransmittedSsBlocks
defines the number of transmitted SS Blocks
Value
1
2
4
6
8
9
12
15
18
21
24
32
Name
1 beam
2 beams
4 beams
6 beams
8 beams
9 beams
12 beams
15 beams
18 beams
21 beams
24 beams
32 beams
Technical Details
5G19 broadcast transmission - summary
PSS
SSS
PBCH
PSS, SSS and PBCH
(carrying MIB) are time
and frequency
multiplexed
SS Block
PSS
PBCH
SSS
PBCH
PBCH
SS Burst
Below
6GHz
2x
PSS
Above
6GHz
4x
PSS
© Nokia 2018
PBCH
SSS
PBCH
SSS
PBCH
PBCH
PBCH
SS Blocks form SS Burst that is a
set of consecutive SS blocks
8x
PSS
PBCH
64 x*
PSS
PBCH
3 to
6GHz
Above
6GHz
SSS
PBCH
SSS
PBCH
PBCH
PBCH
SS Bursts compose SS Burst set
used for multi beam sweeping
*Up to 32 according to
That set compose SS
Block in four consecutive
OFDM symbols
19
PBCH
SS Burst Set
NRCELLGRP:numberOfTransmittedSsBlocks
parameter range
Nokia Internal Use
• One of new 5G functionalities compared to LTE is support of
multiple numerologies – multiple subcarrier spacings
• Subcarrier spacing (SCS) is based on common 15kHz base.
• Subcarrier spacing: Δf = 2µ * 15kHz where µ defines the
numerology.
Resource Element (RE)
frequency
• Nokia in 5G19 supports following numerologies:
-
14 OFDM symbols
µ = 1  Δf = 30kHz  1PRB = 360kHz
Frequencies above 6GHz:
1 subframe (1ms) = 2 slots = 28 OFDM symbols
Δf = 30kHz
•
µ = 3  Δf = 120kHz  1PRB = 1.44MHz (for PDSCH, PUSCH and PRACH)
•
µ = 4  Δf = 240kHz  1PRB = 2.88MHz (for PSS, SSS and PBCH – SS Blocks)
1 frame (10ms) = 10 subframes
1 subframe (1ms) = 8 slots = 112 OFDM symbols
Δf = 120kHz
1 subframe (1ms) = 16 slots = 224 OFDM symbols
Δf = 240kHz
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© Nokia 2018
time
1 slot (basic scheduling unit)
Frequencies below 6GHz:
•
Resource Block (RB)
12 subcarriers
Technical Details
Physical layer (multiple numerologies)
Nokia Internal Use
Introduction
PRACH
DL SS burst
Physical Random Access Channel design needs
to take into account the beamforming
principle. There is no continuous DL coverage
with control channels, and equivalently, there
is no always-on listening space for the
common channels in the uplink
Specified
amount of
time
Uplink RA
message
The gNB periodically activates a receive beam
covering a specific zone of the cell coverage,
to receive Random Access messages from the
UEs that are present in that specific zone
The uplink RX beam activation is periodic and
is linked to the downlink SS burst periodicity
More details: PRACH Control WebNEI
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© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
The UE infers from the reception time of the
downlink SS beam the exact time slot where
the RA message shall be sent (if needed)
Agenda
1
2
Introduction
22
© Nokia 2018
Technical
Details
Nokia Internal Use
3
Configuration
Management
Technical Details
5G19 Radio Units
ANALOG
Beamforming
DIGITAL
Beamforming
5GC000515
AEUA 28GHz Radio Unit
5GC000562
AEQA 3.5GHz Radio Unit
5GC000664
AEQD 3.7GHz Radio Unit
5GC000514
AEWA 39GHz Radio Unit
• UL/DL 2x2 SU-MIMO
• UL/DL 2x2 SU-MIMO
• DL: 4x4 SU-MIMO / UL: 2x2 SU-MIMO
• 16UL/16DL MU-MIMO
3.5 GHz
400 MHz
3 GHz
3.7 GHz
28 GHz
6 GHz
10 GHz
 continuous coverage, high mobility and reliability, interference limitation
Carrier BW
Duplexing
Cell size
n*
cmWave
© Nokia 2018
90 GHz
30 GHz
mmWave
higher capacity and massive throughput, noise limitation 
n * 100 MHz
1-2GHz
*
TDD
Macro
Small
Ultra small
* - not supported in 5G19
23
39 GHz
Nokia Internal Use
Technical Details
Difference between Analog and Digital Beamforming
•
In Digital Beamforming, beam pattern is synthesized by manipulating weights of the individual TRXs
•
In LTE, this is default beamforming technique.
•
Beamforming weights are applied between the fronthaul and TRXs.
•
In 5G19 beamforming weights are applied in RU, while beam selection is done by RAU.
TRX1
TRX2
UE data
stream
TRX3
…
TRXn
w1 w2 w3
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© Nokia 2018
wn
Nokia Internal Use
Technical Details
Difference between Analog and Digital Beamforming
•
In Analog Beamforming, there is a single TRX per polarization.
Beam pattern is obtained by modification of the RF signal
between the TRX and the antenna elements.
•
There are number of ways how this modification can be done.
As an example, in one of 5G17 features an RF lens was used to
focus RF energy from the radiating element
•
In 5G19, a planar array of 16x16 radiating elements is used. RF
signal is modified by an RF Integrated Circuit (RFIC) in the RU.
UE data
stream
…
TRX1
w1 w2 w3
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© Nokia 2018
wn
Nokia Internal Use
Introduction
5G19 Antenna System Solution
AEQA 3.5GHz
AEUA 28GHz
Individual
chip
Front View
Tx/Rx
8x12 phased array panel (AEQD 3.7GHz 8x8 array panel)
Front View
2 x (16x16) RFIC phased array antenna panel (1xH-pol and 1xV-pol)
V-pol 16x16 RFIC panel
8 or 12 rows
AEWA 39GHz
4 antenna
elements,
PAs, phase
and gain
controller
Back View
4 x (16x16) RFIC phased array antenna panel (2xH-pol & 2xV-pol)
Front View
Rx1 Tx1
8 columns
Rx2
Tx2
Back View
V-pol panel
H-pol panel
Radiator ±45°
cmWave ● antenna size  ● TRX separated
26
mmWave ● antenna size  ● TRX integrated in chip
Classic X-Pol Phased Array Antenna Panel
RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circut) H&V-Pol Antenna Panels
Digital Beamforming
Analog Beamforming
© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
MU-MIMO, SU-MIMO
2x2 MIMO
Digital
Beamforming
Agenda
1
2
Introduction
Technical
Details
5GC000533 Digital Beamforming for CPRI based RUs
29
© Nokia 2018
Nokia Internal Use
3
Configuration
Management
<feature:5GC000533>
Technical Details
5GC000533 Digital Beamforming for CPRI based RUs
Digital beamforming in time domain for RUs connected via CPRI to
BBU for frequencies below 6GHz. A Grid of Beams (GoB) is used
and selection of beams is based on UE feedback.
Digital beamforming means that the antenna characteristic is changed
by application of beamforming weights before power amplifier in
DL and after power amplifier in UL.
As beamforming is executed on RF side on time domain I/Q data,
each I/Q stream points to the same direction which implies that no
frequency-selective beamforming of a single spatial stream is
possible.
30
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Nokia Internal Use
Digital
Beamforming
Applicable to frequencies below
6GHz
Operates on set of predefined
beams in DL and UL
Beam weights are constant in
frequency for each user
Technical Details
5GC000533 Digital Beamforming for CPRI based RUs
When beamforming gets enabled, the number L of Synchronization
Signal blocks (SS/PBCH blocks) is increased from L=1 in case of no
beamforming to at most L=4 (carrier frequency below 3 GHz) or L=8
(carrier frequency between 3 and 6 GHz).
Each SS/PBCH block has assigned its own beam according to the
selected beamforming parameters. These parameters define the
shape of the L SSB beams such as to both reach cell edge as well as
to cover the whole cell area in order to avoid coverage holes.
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Nokia Internal Use
Digital
Beamforming
No. of supported
Synchronization Signal
Beams {1, 2, 4, 6, 8}
Technical Details
Transmission of PBCH/PSS/SSS
In 5G19 beam weights are shared by vertical (V) and horizontal (H)
(or +45 and -45 degree in <6GHz) antenna polarizations, i.e. each
beam is cross-polarized and can send two multiplexed streams.
Each beam is comprised of two orthogonal polarizations,
transmitting simultaneously and in the same direction. Polarization
diversity is used to transmit parallel data streams (DL/UL 2x2 MIMO).
Precoding vector switching (PVS) is introduced in order to improve
the detection/demodulation performance of Primary Synchronization
Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and Physical
Broadcast Channel (PBCH).
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Customer Confidential
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Key subfeatures in Digital Beamforming
5GC000533-A: Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
5GC000533-B: Beam tracking on single SSB beam
5GC000533-C: Beam refinement and reporting of second best beam
•
(descoped from original feature and introduced in 5G19A with 5GC001942 feature)
5GC000533-E: Beam recovery and PM Counters
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Nokia Internal Use
5GC000533-A: Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
•
•
•
•
•
•
definition of basic sets of SSB and refined beams
transmission of up to 8 SS/PBCH blocks in up to 4 SS bursts
PRACH procedure with beam correspondence
extension of beam correspondence to up to 8 SS/PBCH blocks
preamble detection
retrieving beam ID from PRACH opportunity
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Key subfeatures in Digital Beamforming
5GC000533-A: Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
5GC000533-B: Beam tracking on single SSB beam
5GC000533-C: Beam refinement and reporting of second best beam
•
(descoped from original feature and introduced in 5G19A with 5GC001942 feature)
5GC000533-E: Beam recovery and PM Counters
5GC000533-B: Beam tracking on single SSB beam
•
•
•
•
•
•
34
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Nokia Internal Use
CSI configuration of UE
RSRP measurement based on SS/PBCH block transmission
periodic reporting of a single best beam (beam ID and RSRP)
definition of CSI-Config to map SS/PBCH blocks and respective
report
Beam switch for control and data channels, beam switch for
data channels might be delayed until new CSF or UL
measurement is available
Updating of UE context according to beam switch decision for
best and second best beam, either SSB beams or refined beams
(if beam refinement is switched on)
<feature:5GC001942>
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Key subfeatures in Digital Beamforming
5GC000533-A: Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
5GC000533-B: Beam tracking on single SSB beam
5GC000533-C: Beam refinement and reporting of second best beam
5GC000533-E: Beam recovery and PM Counters
5GC000533-C: Beam refinement and reporting of second best
beam
•
•
•
•
•
This subfeature was removed from the original 5GC000533
contents and introduced in 5G19A with 5GC001942 Spillover
digital Beamforming for CPRI based Rus.
35
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Nokia Internal Use
•
•
transmission of CSI-RS for beam refinement on SS/PBCH
blocks
CSI configuration for reporting of best and second best beam
configuration for periodic CRI/RSRP reporting of 2 beams (fixed)
CSI configuration of UE for L1 RSRP measurements to support
beam refinement
configuration for periodic CSI resources for beam refinement (4
refined beams per SSB beam) (L1 RSRP measurement)
if beam refinement is switched on: definition of CSI-Config to
map CSI Resources and respective report
Updating of UE context according to beam switch decision
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Key subfeatures in Digital Beamforming
5GC000533-A: Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
5GC000533-B: Beam tracking on single SSB beam
5GC000533-C: Beam refinement and reporting of second best beam
•
(descoped from original feature and introduced in 5G19A with 5GC001942 feature)
5GC000533-E: Beam recovery and PM Counters
36
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Nokia Internal Use
5GC000533-E: Beam recovery and PM Counters
•
•
•
•
•
•
gNB support of beam failure report on PUCCH
gNB support of beam recovery procedures
in case a UE detects a beam failure it will use RACH procedure to
establish a new beam assignment
non-contention based PRACH
PM counters
Potentially introduction of Tracking Reference Signal
Technical Details
Definition of basic sets of SSB
Beam sets and basic beam sets
All parameters related to the configuration of beams used in a
cell are collected in a beam set. The core of such a beam set is
the distribution of the SSB beams in the angular space
which covers the cell, but without giving the actual values of the
beam directions and beam widths. This distribution is called
basic beam set and is described as follows:
• basic beam sets consist of rows and columns
• the number of columns may be different in different rows
• the total number of transmitted beams has to be less than or
equal to the maximum number of SS/PBCH blocks
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Analog
Beamforming
Digital
Beamforming
Common procedure
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Definition of basic sets of SSB
Beam sets and basic beam sets
basic beam set #4#4
elevation
The basic beam sets shall be defined using the nomenclature #k#l#m ...
the number of columns in a row is given by the respective integer,
preceded by the character '#'
rows are counted from top to bottom, i.e., the first row is the one with
highest pointing beams, the last row is the one with lowest pointing
beams
Examples:
• basic beam set #4#4 denotes a beam set with 2 rows and 4 columns
in each row
• basic beam set #3#3#2 denotes a beam set with 3 rows, most upper
row and middle row with 3 beams each, lowest row with 2 beams only
Number of beams in basic beam set must match with number of transmitted
SS blocks set by NRCELLGRP-numberOfTransmittedSsBlocks parameter
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azimuth
basic beam set #3#3#2
Technical Details
Definition of basic sets of SSB
Basic beam set #3#3#2 from different perspectives
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Digital
Beamforming
basic beam set #3#3#2
Technical Details
Definition of basic sets of SSB
Following basic beam sets are supported by 5GC000533:
• beamSet_1
• beamSet_4_4
• beamSet_2
• beamSet_5_3
• beamSet_4
• beamSet_6_2
• beamSet_6
• beamSet_3_3_2
• beamSet_8
• beamSet_2_2_2_2
Basic beam set is selected by the operator with
NRCELL-beamSet.basicBeamSet parameter
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Digital
Beamforming
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Opening Angles
Basic beam sets may be used with different opening angles, both in
azimuth and elevation direction. The edge directions can be set by
operator in order to adjust the range covered by the cell to his needs. Four
parameters are provided:
•
left edge angle φl
•
right edge angle φr
•
upper edge angle θu
•
lower edge angle θl
Reference direction shall be boresight of the antenna array. Cell edge
angles are defined by the outer side of the uttermost beams where the
beam boundary is given by the 3dB loss of the beam compared to its main
direction.
NOTE: In 5G19 the selection of azimuth edge angles is strongly restricted
and the selection of elevation edge angles not possible at all.
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Technical Details
Antenna Opening Angles
Digital
Beamforming
numberOfTransmittedSsBlocks
The following default basic beam sets and respective valid opening angles
in azimuth direction shall be available for selection by operator:
NOTE: For default basic beam sets, there is no choice in elevation
opening angles.
NOTE: # SSB beams corresponds to the parameter
numberOfTransmittedSsBlocks.
NOTE: Elevation opening angles have to be optimized by simulations.
If actBeamforming = false then basic beam set #1 with
single beam will be used, with the azimuth opening
angle either 120° or 90° such that it fits best to the
sum of leftEdgeAngle and rightEdgeAngle
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Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Beam Refinement
In case of operating with a grid of beam (GoB) and especially with carrier frequencies below 6GHz with limited
number of SSB beams, beam refinement on 5G-NB side is used to achieve higher SINR for a single UE in both
DL and UL direction, as well as better separation of UEs in case multiple UEs are served on the same time and
frequency resources, i.e., MU-MIMO operation.
To enable execution of respective measurements by UEs, CSI-RS have to be transmitted for beam refinement.
The antenna ports used for these CSI-RS have to be mapped to the beams used for refining a respective SSB
beam
In 5G19 4 refined beams per SSB beam are implemented.
SSB beam
Refined beams
Beam refinement is activated by setting parameter
NRCELL-beamSet.nrBtsBeamRefinementP2 = true
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Technical Details
CSI-RS for beam management
•
In case of beam refinement (available only on freq. < 6GHz), CSI-RS for beam management are needed for each
refined synchronization beam
•
Those CSI-RS are placed in SS slots with corresponding synchronization beam
•
CSI-RS for beam management are scheduled for all UEs served by the corresponding synchronization beam
…
0
…
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13
CSI-RS
Refined beam 1
Synchronization beam 1
Refined beam 2
Synchronization beam 2
Refined beam 3
Refined beam 4
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P
P
S
B
S
S
C
S
S
H
P
P
S
B
S
S
C
S
S
H
CSI-RS for beam
management are placed
above PSS/SSS/PBCH
symbols related to
corresponding
synchronization beam
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
CSI-RS for beam management
CSI-RS for beam management are placed in the SS slot of the corresponding
synchronization beam. The CSI-RS are overlaid to the synchronization / PBCH
symbols.
They can be either in the frequency range above (as shown in following figure) or
below them. For both options, the CSI-RS shall be scheduled for all UEs served by
the corresponding synchronization beam (SSB beam).
Position of CSI-RS is set with NRCELL/csirsBeamMgmt.csirsBmMgmtSubband
parameter (currently only one setting above SS/PBCH block is supported
If Tracking Reference Signal (TRS) is enabled, CSI-RS for beam management are
only allowed to occupy upper part of the carrier.
Additional parameters
csirsBmMgmtDensity
csirsBmMgmtReIndex
allow to configure CSI-RS density and starting position in the frequency domain.
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13
CSI-RS
P
P
S
B
S
S
C
S
S
H
P
P
S
B
S
S
C
S
S
H
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Beam Management
Basic beam refinement patterns in digital beamforming
For beam refinement, three different patterns are foreseen:
Square refinement
Square refinement is useful especially for SSB beams which have a mostly
circular slope
Azimuth refinement
Azimuth refinement is appropriate mainly for elliptic beams with larger axis
in azimuth direction.
Elevation refinement
Elevation refinement is appropriate mainly for elliptic beams with larger
axis in elevation direction.
In 5G19 only the predefined beam refinement patterns are supported.
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Technical Details
Example of refined beams
Basic beam set #3#3#2 with refined beams from different
perspectives (not all refined beams shown)
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Digital
Beamforming
basic beam set #3#3#2
Digital
Beamforming
Technical Details
Beam Management
Beam refinement patterns for basic beam sets
The beam refinement pattern may be set differently for each row of a basic beam set but
is the same for all beams within a row. The beam refinement pattern is fixed for each
basic beam set.
The beam refinement patterns applying for basic beam sets defined for RUs with 64TRX,
4 rows and 8 columns are given in table on the right side.
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Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Beam Tracking
Common procedure
For purposes of beam tracking, UE will measure RSRP of CSI-RS or SSB and
report it to the gNB as a part of Uplink Control Information (UCI). Beam
tracking is performed in the Distributed Unit (DU).
In 5G19
• if beam refinement is disabled, UE will report SBRI-RSRP measurement of 2
best beams;
• if beam refinement is enabled, UE will report CRI-RSRP measurement of 2
best beams.
Beam switch will take place when filtered RSRP of a new beam is larger than
RSRP of the source beam by a certain threshold.
The notification about a beam change is the MAC CE with the new TCI state.
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Beamforming
Customer Confidential
Analog
Technical Details
Beamforming
Beam tracking measurements and beam switching
Common
TX
SSB
Detect and
measure beams
Ongoing SSB
measurement and
periodic best beam
reporting
Best beams report
index and RSRP
Beam change
decision by gNB
TX
RX
TX/RX
50
procedure
UE
gNB
RX
Digital
Beamforming
PDCCH MAC_CE TCI state
(update serving beam)
HARQ ACK for MAC-CE
New gNB beam in use
UL/DL control / data
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Customer Confidential
Serving beam
before switch
Best
reported
beam
• UE continues to
measure the SSB
beams.
• Periodic reporting of
best beams
• gNB makes decision
that a different beam
should be used.
• Switch to using new
beam after PDCCH
MAC-CE with TCI state
update is ACKed
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Beam recovery
Digital
Beamforming
Common procedure
In case of beam failure, i.e., the UE may no more be reached via the best beam last known at gNB side, a procedure
to reconnect the UE has to be executed.
1. 5G-UE detects a misaligned serving beam to gNB e.g. by NACKed
UL data sent or by interrupted DL data allocation. Potential
reasons:
• 5G-UE measures the source beam with L1-RSRP below
minimum link budget,
2. 5G-UE measures a new target beam with strongest L1-RSRP
3. 5G-UE starts Beam Recovery by sending Random Access
Preamble on a best target beam
4. UL and DL transmissions are resumed on a new beam
PRACH
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Beam Management
Beam failure and recovery process
UE
gNB
TX
Measure SSB associated
with TCI state
Periodic
checking
Initiate PRACH procedure if
meet failure criterion
SSB
Scan SSB beams
And select best
RX
PRACH
PRACH procedure
as in initial access
TX
52
Initial
access
procedure
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Customer Confidential
• Beam failure detection
uses default RRC
configuration with active
PDCCH TCI state.
• Failure triggered if SSB
RSRP for TCI state beam
meets failure criterion.
• Beam recovery reference
signal measurement based
on RRC configuration for
CBRA.
• Beam recovery follows
initial access PRACH
procedure.
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
PM Counters
Digital
Beamforming
Common procedure
PM counters are defined in the specification document here.
Eventually the beamforming counters will be placed in NIDD under this link.
Counter overview:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
53
DL Serving Beam ID Histogram
UL Serving Beam ID Histogram
Serving Beam ID before HO Histogram
Beam Change Histogram
Failed Beam Change Histogram
Beam Change Target Histogram
Best and Second Best Beam Histogram
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•
•
•
•
•
•
UE reported differential L1-RSRP of second best beam
Beam Recoveries
Succesfull Beam Recoveries
Time of "UE on single beam" histogram
Number of UEs per beam
Number of beam toggles
Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
DL_SERV_BEAM_ID_BEAM_00
This histogram indicates the distribution of the serving Beam ID (BI) for PDSCH.
For single beam case only the count is reported.
..
DL_SERV_BEAM_ID_BEAM_63
M55305C00001..
The value for a given bin shall be incremented when the corresponding Beam ID
is used for PDSCH.
M55305C00063
DL Serving Beam ID
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
UL_SERV_BEAM_ID_BEAM_00
This histogram indicates the distribution of the serving Beam ID (BI) for PUSCH.
For single beam case only the count is reported
..
UL_SERV_BEAM_ID_BEAM_63
M55305C01001..
The value for a given bin shall be incremented when the corresponding Beam ID
is used for PUSCH.
M55305C01063
UL Serving Beam ID
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
SERV_BEAM_ID_HO_00..
SERV_BEAM_ID_HO_63
This histogram indicates the distribution of the serving Beam ID (BI) which UE
was using before leaving the cell by HO.
M55305C02001…
M55305C02064
When beam refinement is used, the refined beam Id shall be used (i.e. refined
beam is not mapped to SSB beam).
The value for a given bin shall be incremented when HO is triggered for this UE.
Serving Beam ID before HO
Histogram
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
BEAM_CHANGE_BIN1..
BEAM_CHANGE_BIN64
When number of SSB beam is more than 8: This histogram indicates the total
number (successful and unsuccessful) of beam changes done from this beam
as "source beam“.
M55305C03001..
M55305C03064
Beam Change Histogram
Trigger condition: When serving beam is changed.
Bin1: SSB Beam#0 - > any
Bin2: SSB Beam#1 - > any
....
Bin64: SSB Beam#63 - > any
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Note: valid in case number
of SSB beams > 8
Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
FAIL_BEAM_CHANGE_BIN1..
When number of SSB beam is more than 8: This histogram indicates the
number unsuccessful beam changes done from this beam as "source beam".
FAIL_BEAM_CHANGE_BIN64
M55305C04001..
Trigger condition: When serving beam is changed, but all HARQ retransmission
attampts failed for the HARQ process which includes MAC-CE “PDCCH TCI
indication”.
M55305C04064
Bin1: SSB Beam#0 - > any
Bin2: SSB Beam#1 - > any
Failed Beam Change Histogram
....
Bin64: SSB Beam#63 - > any
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Note: valid in case number
of SSB beams > 8
Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
BEAM_CHANGE_TARGET_BIN1..
This counter is only updated when number of SSB beam is more than 8.
BEAM_CHANGE_TARGET_BIN64
This histogram indicates the total number (successful and unsuccessful) beam
changes done from to this beam as "target beam".
Trigger condition: When serving beam is changed.
M55305C05001..
M55305C05064
Bin1: SSB Beam#0 - > any
Beam Change Target Histogram
Bin2: SSB Beam#1 - > any
....
Bin64: SSB Beam#63 - > any
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
FAIL_BEAM_CHANGE_TARGET_BIN1.. This counter is only updated when number of SSB beam is more than 8.
FAIL_BEAM_CHANGE_TARGET_BIN64 This histogram indicates the number unsuccessful beam changes done to
this beam as "target beam".
Trigger condition:
M55305C06001..
When serving beam is changed, but all HARQ retransmission attampts
failed for the HARQ process which includes MAC-CE “PDCCH TCI
indication”.
M55305C06064
Failed Beam Change Target
Histogram
Bin1: SSB Beam#0 - > any
Bin2: SSB Beam#1 - > any
....
Bin64: SSB Beam#63 - > any
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
RSRP_DIFF_SECOND_BEST_BIN1..
This histogram indicates the distribution of the UE reported differential
L1-RSRP of second best beam
RSRP_DIFF_SECOND_BEST_BIN16
Trigger condition: The value for a given bin is incremented when the
corresponding differential L1-RSRP value is received.
M55305C08001..
M55305C08016
UE reported differential L1-RSRP of
second best beam
Bin1: [difference <= 2dB]
Bin2: [2dB < difference <= 4dB]
...
Bin16: [difference > 30dB]
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
BEAM_RECOVERY_BEAM_ID_0…
This histogram indicates the distribution of the serving Beam ID (BI) which
UE was using before beam recovery was started.
BEAM_RECOVERY_BEAM_ID_63
Trigger condition:
M55305C09001…
Random access process is started (msg3 is detected) by existing UE and
the new SSB beam is different from the previous SSB beam.
M55305C09064
Beam Recoveries - Beam ID xx
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
SUCC_BEAM_RECOVERY_BEAM_ID_0.. This histogram indicates the distribution of the serving Beam ID (BI) which
SUCC_BEAM_RECOVERY_BEAM_ID_63 UE was using before beam recovery was started for successful beam
recoveries.
M55305C10001…
Trigger condition:
M55305C10064
Succesful Beam Recoveries - Beam
ID xx
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Random access process is started (msg3 is detected) by existing UE and
the new SSB beam is different from the previous SSB beam, AND PUSCH
which was allocated by “Contention Resolution UL grant” is detected as
"nonDTX".
Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
TIME_BEAM_BIN_1…
This counter provides the time when UE used a single beam.
TIME_BEAM_BIN_13
This counter indicates the time of the best beam (either SSB or refined
beam).
Counter is triggered when serving beam is changed.
M55305C11001…
M55305C11013
Time of "UE on single beam"
histogram
Bin1: [time <= 50ms]
Bin8: [10s < time <= 30s]
Bin2: [50ms < time <= 100ms]
Bin9: [30s < time <= 1min]
Bin3: [100ms < time <= 200ms]
Bin10: [1min < time <= 5min]
Bin4: [200ms < time <= 500ms]
Bin11: [5min < time <= 10min]
Bin5: [500ms < time <= 1s]
Bin12: [10min < time <= 1h]
Bin6: [1s < time <= 5s]
Bin13: [1h < time]
Bin7: [5s < time <= 10s]
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
UES_PER_BEAM_ID_0…
This counter provides the number of UEs on each beam.
UES_PER_BEAM_ID_63
Counter is updated when sample timer (100ms) expires.
M55305C12001…
M55305C12064
Number of UEs per beam
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Performance Aspects
New counters
Counter name
Description
BEAM_TOGGLES
This counter provides the number of beam toggles (i.e. when beam is
changed back to a beam which was used just before this current serving
beam).
M55305C13001
Counter triggers when serving beam is changed to back to the beam
which was used just before this beam.
Number of beam toggles
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Analog
Beamforming
Agenda
1
2
Introduction
Technical
Details
5GC000535 Analog Beamforming
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3
Configuration
Management
<feature:5GC000535>
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
5GC000535 Analog Beamforming
Feature 5GC000535 introduces Analog Beamforming for frequencies
above 6 GHz (28GHz/39GHz), making use of the 3rd Generation
Radio Unit embedding a Phased Array Antenna.
Analog Beamforming means that the antenna characteristic is
changed by application of beamforming weights after power
amplifier in DL and before power amplifier in UL by means of
Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC).
UE data
stream
…
TRX1
w1 w2 w3
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wn
Applicable to frequencies above
6GHz
Operates on set of predefined
beams in DL and UL
Technical Details
Number of supported SS beams in Analog Beamforming
Although the standard supports up to 64 Synchronization Signal
Beams, however in 5G19 only 32 beam GoB is implemented.
Operation with 1 wide beam is supported by disabling the
beamforming flag.
In 5G19 Analog Beamforming refined beams are not supported,
therefore CSI-RS for beam management are not sent.
For testing purposes, operation with a locked single beam pattern
from any GoB is made possible with help of R&D parameter.
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Analog
Beamforming
Number of supported Synchronization
Signal Beams {1, 32}
In 5G19: no refined beams
What happens if I disable beamforming?
If actBeamforming = false then a single
wide beam will be used. Pattern ID for the
wide beam is supplied with an R&D
parameter rdAbfWideBeamPatternId.
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Analog beamforming consists of following subfeatures
5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-B: Analog BF with basic configuration: initial access
and data transfer
5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH
5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
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5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
•
BF Support for SSB sweep in single cell, with a single common
channel configuration
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Analog beamforming consists of following subfeatures
5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-B: Analog BF with basic configuration: initial
access and data transfer
5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH
5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
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5GC000533-B: Beamforming on up to 8 SSB beams
•
BF Support for single cell, common channel configuration for
L=1 and L=32. Single PRACH format or configuration
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Analog beamforming consists of following subfeatures
5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-B: Analog BF with basic configuration: initial access
and data transfer
5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH
5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
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5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
•
•
BF Support for cell-group. Up to 8 carriers supported in Carrier
Aggregation with analog beamforming.
Beam directions are common for all carriers and are calculated
based on the Pcell measurements
<feature:5GC001943>
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Analog beamforming consists of following subfeatures
5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-B: Analog BF with basic configuration: initial access
and data transfer
5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking
•
•
Beam tracking within sector, related counters and parameters,
UE mobility
Beam tracking and beam reporting is only conducted for PCell.
SCell use the same beam as PSCell at a time.
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking *
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH
5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
*) 535-D and 535-E introduced in 5G19A with 5GC001943
Spillover Analog Beamforming feature
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<feature:5GC001943>
Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Analog beamforming consists of following subfeatures
5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH
5GC000535-B: Analog BF with basic configuration: initial access
and data transfer
•
•
5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
•
gNB support of beam recovery procedure RRC configuration.
In case a UE detects a beam failure it will use RACH procedure to
establish a new beam assignment contention based PRACH
PM counters
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH *
5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
*) 535-D and 535-E introduced in 5G19A with 5GC001943
Spillover Analog Beamforming feature
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Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Subfeature split
Analog beamforming consists of following subfeatures
5GC000535-A: SS block burst set beamforming control
5GC000535-B: Analog BF with basic configuration: initial access
and data transfer
5GC000535-C: Analog BF with multiple carriers
5GC000535-D: Beam tracking
5GC000535-E: Beam recovery through PRACH
5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
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5GC000535-F: Analog BF with multiple GoB patterns
•
GoB selection parameters, multiple GoB support in antenna.
Technical Details
Definition of basic sets of SSB
Following basic beam sets are supported by 5GC000535:
• beamSetAbf_1A
• beamSetAbf_32A
• beamSetAbf_32B
• beamSetAbf_32C
Basic beam set is selected by the operator with
NRCELL-beamSet.basicBeamSet parameter
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Analog
Beamforming
Technical Details
Definition of basic sets of SSB
Basic beam set beamSetAbf_32A from different
perspectives
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Analog
Beamforming
Agenda
1
2
Introduction
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Technical
Details
Nokia Internal Use
3
Configuration
Management
Configuration Management
New parameters
Abbreviated name
NRCELL/nrBtsBeamRefin
ementP2
Full name
BTS Beam Refinement P2
Basic Beam Set
This parameter defines the basic set of beams
consisting of SS/PBCH beams and refined beams
on gNB side
(beamSet)
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This parameter indicates whether or not beam
refinement on gNB side (P2) is enabled.
Range and step
Default
0 (false), 1 (true)
1
beamSet_1 (1), beamSet_2
(2), beamSet_4 (3),
beamSet_8 (4),
beamSet_4_4 (5),
beamSet_5_3 (6),
beamSet_6_2 (7),
beamSet_3_3_2 (8),
beamSet_2_2_2_2 (9),
beamSet_6 (16),
beamSetAbf_1A (100),
beamSetAbf_32A (101),
beamSetAbf_32B (102),
beamSetAbf_32C (103)
beamSet_1
Beam refinement on gNB side (P2) requires
transmission of CSI-RS and respective reporting. It
is applicable only for digital beamforming below
6GHz and if beamforming is enabled. If these
conditions are not met, the setting will be ignored.
(beamSet)
NRCELL/basicBeamSet
Description
Customer Confidential
Configuration Management
New parameters
Abbreviated name
NRCELL/leftEdgeAngle
Full name
Range and step
This parameter defines the angle limiting cell on
left side with respect to bore sight. The parameter
is applicable and used only in digital
beamforming.
10...65, step 1
60
Right Cell Edge Angle
This parameter defines the angle limiting cell on
left side with respect to bore sight. The parameter
is applicable and used only in digital
beamforming.
10...65, step 1
60
(beamSet)
If NRCELL.beamSet.basicBeamSet is equal to 9 (corresponding to beamSet_2_2_2_2),
then these parameters can be equal to 20 or 45 (respectively for 40° and 90° cells)
else these parameters can be equal to 45 or 60 (respectively for 90° and 120° cells).
In addition, before more sophisticated beamforming settings are available,
NRCELL.beamSet.leftEdgeAngle and NRCELL.beamSet.rightEdgeAngle must have the same value.
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Default
Left Cell Edge Angle
(beamSet)
NRCELL/rightEdgeAngle
Description
Customer Confidential
Configuration Management
New parameters
Abbreviated name
Full name
Description
Range and step
Default
NRCELL/csirsBeamMgmt
CSI-RS for Beam Management
This parameter collects settings for CSI-RS
configuration for Beam Management. It comprises
currently CSI-RS for L1 RSRP measurement, other
aspects could be added later on.
-
-
NRCELL/csirsBmMgmtDe
nsity
CSI-RS BmMgmt Density
This parameter defines the density of CSI-RS
allocation for L1 RSRP Measurement
density1 (1), density3 (3)
density3
CSI-RS BmMgmt RE Index
This parameter defines the first RE to be allocated
for CSI-RS for L1-RSRP. Different RE allocation can
mitigate intercell interference of these signals.
0...11, step 1
0 or lowest
RE in PRB
CSI-RS BmMgmt subband
This parameter defines whether the subband
below or above the SS/PBCH block allocation shall
be used for transmission of CSI-RS for L1 RSRP
measurement.
aboveSSPBCHBlock (2)
aboveSSPB
CHBlock
(csirsBeamMgmt)
NRCELL/csirsBmMgmtRe
Index
(csirsBeamMgmt)
NRCELL/csirsBmMgmtSu
bband
(csirsBeamMgmt)
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Customer Confidential
References and acknowledgments
References
5GC000533, 5GC000535 CFAMS, User Plane Specification, 5GMax-5G New Radio Algorithm Specification
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