SPLIT TYPE SYSTEM BUILDING UTILITIES 2MECAHNICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 01 ARCH3A- GROUP 2 WHAT IS AN HVAC SPLIT SYSTEM? A split HVAC system is an air conditioning system or heating system that has both indoor and outdoor units that are connected with copper tubing. Traditionally, the outdoor portion of the unit contains the compressor and condenser, and the indoor portion of the unit contains an evaporator coil and indoor air handling unit that sends the air through the ductwork in your home. These types of HVAC systems are different from HVAC packaged units, where all parts are packaged together in one unit. HVAC split systems are by far one of the most common options for homeowners who want air conditioning in their homes. It is referred to as a split system because it is divided into two primary parts. The evaporator is located inside an indoor unit and will provide cooling for your room. The condenser pushes the heat outside and is contained in an outdoor unit. 02 DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEATING AND COOLING SPLIT SYSTEMS There are many different types of split systems, which can include heat pump systems or air conditioning systems (larger homes might require multiple air conditioners) installed outside your home, paired with either a gas furnace or a fan coil located inside your home. 03 HEAT PUMPS BENEFITS OF HEAT PUMPS 1. They’re More Energy-Efficient Heat pumps work by moving air from one place to another — in the winter, they take the warmth out of outside air and pump it inside, and then reverse the process in the summer. This system transfers heat instead of generating it. As a result, this process saves your home on energy use, which in turn benefits your monthly energy bills. Since heat pumps are a two-in-one system, these savings are year-round. This dual-purpose technology provides the same end result as traditional heating and cooling systems without added operational costs. 2. You Only Need One System One of the main benefits of heat pumps is that they operate as both your home’s source for cooling and heating. As a two-in-one system that works best in mild climates — especially climates with mild winters — a heat pump can save you from needing to purchase both an air conditioner and a furnace. 3. Improve Your Indoor Air Quality Heat pumps circulate and mix outside air with inside air as a means of operation, resulting in improved indoor air quality (IAQ) in your space. These efficient systems can make the air in your home feel fresher and healthier thanks to its consistent circulation. When your indoor air quality is improved, it reduces a number of negative health effects in your home, such as: Allergy symptoms Eyes, nose and throat irritation Headaches Respiratory issues Asthma attacks Heat pumps run on electricity and draw heat from outside air—even cold air—and transfer it indoors. The outdoor unit houses a compressor and heat exchanger, and the indoor unit has an air handler and fan that circulate the air inside the home. 4. Provide Uniform, Consistent Heating To Your Home Heat pumps create a more comfortable setting inside the house compared to traditional HVAC units. This system’s dual-purpose capabilities make it an efficient option for any time of the year. Whether you’re too hot or too cold, you can expect temperatures catered to your comfort at all times. 5. Operate Quietly Temperatures play a big role in the comfort of your home. However, a quiet environment can have a significant impact on your living conditions. Heat pumps are generally quieter compared to traditional HVAC systems. This makes them more comfortable to use compared to traditional systems. The compressor of the system is placed outside, which tends to make a lot less noise. With this technology, you can immerse yourself in desirable temperatures without sacrificing your peace and quiet. 04 AIR CONDITIONERS BENEFITS OF AIR CONDITIONERS 1.Easy Installation Unlike ducted air conditioners, split systems do not require ductwork and are usually easy to install. The connection between the indoor and outdoor units only requires cables and copper pipe. It can be fitted in tiny spaces without the need for windows or large ceiling space, making the installation convenient and quick to install. 2. Comfort Split systems can provide cooling as well as heating. Reverse cycle air conditioners come with heating capabilities so they can be used for effective climate control throughout the year. 3. Fast cooling On an unbearable hot summer day when you need to cool down quickly, split systems are a saviour. Most of the split systems come with smart inverter technology in which the compressor can achieve the desired temperature quickly whenever you need it. Once the desired temperature is reached, the compressor maintains the desired temperature efficiently. 4. Design The indoor unit doesn’t take too much space and blends easily with the decor. They actually look reasonably attractive and do not hamper the aesthetics of your home. They wall mounted indoor units have a discreet design and do not look obtrusive like window ACs that can look clunky and block windows. Split-system air conditioners are units with the condenser and compressor placed outdoors, and an indoor unit containing the evaporator, furnace, air handler, and filters. 05 FURNACES HOW DOES AC WORK WITH FURNACE? the air conditioning part of your heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) system chills refrigerant (with an outside unit) while the furnace works inside with fans and coils. WILL A FURNACE WORK WITHOUT AN AC AND VICE VERSA? Not all homes will have HVAC systems that operate the same way. Depending on the climate where you live, your home may have a furnace and AC or you may have an AC but no furnace or vice versa. Some homeowners decide to install single-room air conditioners, where the ACs are housed in a window or wall opening. This is often because warmer climates don’t need a furnace to keep them warm, so an affordable alternative is a room air conditioner or a ductless mini-split AC. Furnaces are indoor units that burn fuel, like gas or propane, to heat up the air, then distribute it through ductwork in your home. 06 VERTICAL FAN COIL FAN COILS Just like the vertical stacked Heat Pumps used in hotels, there are also Vertical Stacked Fan Coils. These vertically stacked fan coils can be either a two-pipe or four-pipe system. Using a 4-pipe system, there will be a chilled water and heating hot water supply and return piping, and of course a fifth pipe for condensate. These vertical fan coils come with riser piping attached for easily stacking them one on top the other from floor to floor. These are best used in high-rise building such as hotels, condominiums, apartments, dormitories or similar high-rises. HORIZONTAL FAN COIL Fan coils are very simple compared to other pieces of equipment. The fan coil contains a filter, fan, coil, and a drain pan to catch condensate from the cooling coil. The source of the heating and cooling is usually provided by a Chiller and Boiler located in a mechanical room, or outside on the roof. These Fan Coils use Chilled water or Heating Hot Water to provide the room with cooling or heating. A central ventilation unit will provide tempered air through a main duct to all the fan coils. This is the primary air supplied to the inlet of the fan coil to provide the required ventilation air (outside air) in accordance with ASHRAE 62.1. The fan coils reduce the amount of ductwork needed by the central system, because most of the heat transfer is done using water instead of air, by using Chilled Water or Heating Hot Water. 07 DUCTLESS VS. DUCTED SYSTEMS DUCTLESS SYSTEMS Mini-split ductless air conditioning systems are efficient and affordable. Without ductwork, they cool like central AC units. A small outdoor compressor and multiple wall-mounted indoor units are used instead. Mini-splits provide direct cooling and more zonal control than ducted systems. This flexibility makes them ideal for building renovations and additions. No duct work means no system overhaul. DUCTED SYSTEMS Cooling or heating homes or businesses with ducted air conditioning is costeffective and energy-efficient. These systems have an indoor unit and an outdoor compressor outside the building. Air is distributed throughout the building using ductwork that branches from the indoor unit. Ducted air conditioners are quieter and require less maintenance. Temperature zoning, humidity and air quality regulation, and energy-saving modes are standard in ducted air conditioning systems. Users can customize their climate control experience with these features. DIFFERENCE Ducted air conditioners are ideal for building-wide systems. Collected space air is cooled. Ducts transport it indoors while Ductless systems work well in single rooms and apartments. Mini splitters have two main parts. A conduit and tubing connect an outdoor compressor and one or more indoor air handlers. DUCTLESS VS DUCTED SYSTEM DUCTLESS PROS AND CONS PROS CONS Flexibility all around the house Sizing can be tricky Multiple zone options Indoor units, while small, are visible No ductwork necessary Costefficient Inverter technology Good installers are hard to find DUCTED PROS AND CONS PROS CONS Convenient Requires Ductwork Helps to dehumifigy air Installatio n costs can be high Good for entire house heating and cooling Can noisy be Prone to energy loss because of the ductwork Does take up any room space “Green energy” Quiet on both outdoor and indoor 07 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGE WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF SPLIT TYPE SYSTEM? SPLIT TYPE EXAMPLES The Usage of Split Type System in relatively inexpensive The installation process of Split Type System only require lower expertise than chilled water but it requires much higher than DX packaged This only requires minimum roof penetraion WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES OF SPLIT TYPE SYSTEM? This Split Type System uses much more energy than a packaged unit system Certain requirements must be met including the location within occupied space and this requires a regular or periodic maintenance. Condensation problems spoil ceilings due to condensate water spillover can be a huge problem when a bad it’s installed poorly. A problem arises when you choose your filter, options might be limited. It can also produce noise as the time goes by and also needs external wall opening for primary air 07 About WARM CLIMATE Heat pumps are ideal for regions with moderate winters and milder temperatures, providing cooling in summer and heating in winter. They can be combined with ductless mini split systems or multi-zone ductless mini splits for occasional cooling in warmer environments. Service Team Contact COOLER CLIMATE For colder climates, a central air split HVAC system combined with a gas furnace is the best choice. Heat pump models are effective but less efficient than natural gas furnaces. A dual fuel system with an electric heat pump and gas furnace can improve efficiency and maintain desired indoor temperature. This system ensures a comfortable indoor environment regardless of outside temperatures. WHICH CLIMATE IS THE SPLIT HVAC SYSTEM BEST FOR? Present with ease and wow any audience with Canva Presentations. Choose from over a thousand professionally-made templates to fit any objective or topic. 06 SPLIT UNIT COMPONENTS (INDOOR) FAN COIL UNIT -exposed, wall-hung CEILING CONCEALED DUCTED CASSETTE UNIT, CEILING HUNG SPLIT TYPE AC UNIT SPLIT (MULTI SPLIT) REFRIGERANT PIPING, LIQUID & SUCTION LINE FCU-1 REFRIGERANT PIPING, LIQUID & SUCTION LINE CONDENSING UNIT, DUAL CIRCUIT OUTDOOR UNIT, ENCASED IN ONE ASSEMBLY FCU-2 MULTIPLE INDOOR UNIT SPLIT TYPE AC UNIT SPLIT (ONE TO ONE) REFRIGERANT PIPING, LIQUID & SUCTION LINE CONDENSING UNIT OUTDOOR UNIT FCU-1 INDOOR UNIT About Service Team Contact REFERENCES What is an HVAC Split System? (n.d.). Carrier. https://www.carrier.com/residential/en/us/products/air-conditioners/what-is-split-system/? fbclid=IwAR35GvNwa1CLjzIcq7VopjsyKDy8F32PQGDO3qYaXBaegB1s5pa2tPJxCz0 Supe, S., & Supe, S. (2023). How do split HVAC systems work? superiorhomesupplies.com. https://superiorhomesupplies.com/blogs/news/how-does-an-hvacsplit-system-work Instructor, M. A. (2023). How fan coils work in HVAC systems. MEP Academy. https://mepacademy.com/how-fan-coils-work-in-hvac-systems/ Bc_Airexperts. (2023, September 1). Are My Furnace And AC Connected? Air Experts Heating & Cooling. https://yourairexperts.com/blog/furnace-and-ac-connected/ 10
