Topic 18. Properties of elements of group IV A of the periodic system of elements. General properties of
elements of the fourteenth group of the system of elements. Carbon, its electronic formula, occurrence
in nature, production methods, physical and chemical properties. Carbon, allotropy. Hydrocarbons.
Natural sources of carbon in the Republic. Oxygen compounds of carbon, acid, salts. Sulfuric,
nitrogenous compounds of carbon. Cyanide and rhodanide acids and their salts. Use of carbon and its
compounds. Silicon. Silicon occurrence in nature, extraction, structure, physical and chemical properties.
Quartz. Silicic acids and their salts. Silicates. Aluminosilicates. Silicate industry in the Republic of
Uzbekistan and its prospects. Germanium, tin, lead, occurrence in nature, extraction, physical and
chemical properties, compounds, use and importance in the national economy. 2 hours.