Pengarna man har idag plus räntan efter t
Prisnivån efter period t
A real interest rate is an
interest rate that has been
adjusted to remove the effects
of inflation. Once adjusted, it
reflects the real cost of funds
to a borrower and the real
yield to a lender or to an
investor
25.0
25
20.0
20
Inflation (CPI) UK
Inflation (Retail Price Index)
Treasury Bill Rate UK
Inflation (CPI) US
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
1965
1960
1955
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
-5.0
1980
-5
1975
0.0
1970
0
1965
5.0
1960
5
1955
10.0
1950
10
1950
15.0
15
Treasury Bill Rate US
Investment is
more volatile
than GDP,
although they
are highly
correlated
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
GDP growth UK
Investment growth UK
GDP growth US
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
1965
-20
2010
-20
2005
-15
2000
-15
1995
-10
1990
-10
1985
-5
1980
-5
1975
0
1970
0
1965
5
1960
5
1960
10
Investment growth US
Source: OECD Economic Outlook, OECD, December 2014, available at http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/statistics.
Depreciation: a
fraction of the
capital stock is
lost every period
If you invest
more than what
is depreciated,
then net
investment is
positive
Monopolists will produce less and use less capital compared
to perfect competition (μ=0)