Information and
Communication
Technology in Online
Learning Mode
Nouar Hanene
PhD student in Applied Linguistics
University of Constantine 01
Background to the Research
1. Definition of key Terms
2. Statement of the Problem
3. Research Questions and Aims
4. Research Hypothesis
5. Methodology
6. Discussion and analysis
7. Results
8. Pedagogical
Recommendations
Research Background
In the last two decades, researchers began to investigate the
impact of computer-supported learning:

It can aid in collaboration, communication, curriculum design.

ICT makes access to learning more flexible, professional and
decreases difficulties, such as availability, time, and finances.

It can support student centered learning. Thus, every teacher
should use learning technologies to boost their student
learning in every subject because it can nurture decision
making, critical thinking, problem solving and reasoning
behaviors of students.

Currently, ICT has gained momentum as several universities
and higher institutions are opting to utilize it to facilitate the
learning and teaching experiences.
“Today’s digital kids think of information
and communications technology (ICT) as
something akin to oxygen: they expect it,
it’s what they breathe, and it’s how they
live. They use ICT to meet, play, date,
and learn. It’s an integral part of their
social life; it’s how they acknowledge
each other and form their personal
identities” (Brown, 2002, p. 79)
Brown (2002)
argued that:
“To succeed in
our struggle to
build technology
and new media to
support learning,
 Algeria like most developing
countries wherein insecure
economy, fragile ICT
infrastructure, and general lack
of resources etc, are the central
issues that students face when
attempting to rely on ICT.
In fact, ICT offers potential for students to function, store, control, and
retrieve data, reassure centered and active learning, also it can motivate
students to continue learning even outside school hours, and prepare for their
lessons. This way it can help them develop knowledge on their areas of
interest. Also, ICT can facilitate sharing of knowledge and information,
expertise and advice.
Definition of Key terms
o
What is Information and Communication and Technology?

According to ZI Akir (2006), it is “a term that refers to stand-alone
computers, networked devices and telecommunication technologies with
multimodal interface, mobile phones, devices, with capability to perform
data communication and other technologies that allow multimodal and
interactive communication.”
o
What is online learning mode?

It is a learning experience in a synchronous or asynchronous settings
using technological devices with the opportunity to access internet.
o
What is attitude in social sciences?

It can be defined as “an overall, learned, core disposition that guides a
person's thoughts, feelings and actions toward specific others and
objects” (Middlebrook, 1980.p.157, cited in Paola-Roos, 2013). In other
words, it is about having positive, negative, or uncertain opinions and
feelings about some person, object, or issue.
The ABC model of Attitude by Wenden (1991)
Affective
Behavioral
Cognitive
Statement of the Problem

The sudden emergence of The Covid-19 pandemic has
created several challenges and problematic aspects for the
Algerian higher educational contexts. The real issue
underlies the fact that it amplified the need for an
immediate technological resolution. This has led to the
usage of online learning courses instead of the formerly
face- to face learning mode. Since the latter is
unprecedented occurrence in an Algerian context, it is
unsurprising that university students faced major challenges
that can alter their attitude, hence, it can generate negative
implications on their learning experiences.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following study attempts to answer the following question:
1.
What is the attitude of Algerian students towards using ICT,
particularly in online learning mode?
And to answer the following secondary question:

To what extent do their positive/negative attitude affect
their willingness to engage in online learning mode?

Based on these research questions, the aims of the study are
primarily dedicated at scrutinizing the attitude of Algerian
students using ICT and secondarily to find out to what extent
it affects its proper use in online learning.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

The research hypothesizes that due to the lack of
face-to-face interaction between the students and
teachers, the former are unmotivated to engage in
online learning mode.
Research Methodology
1)
This study opts for a descriptive quantitative
method
2) The
population: Algerian university students
3) Sample:
Thirty (30) Students from the university of
Constantine 1 (2022/2023)
4) Data
collection tool: Likert Scale (Questionnaire)
Data collection tool: Likert Scale (Questionnaire)
Discussion and Analysis
The Affective component analysis example:
I feel that the computer makes learning experiences more enjoyable:
Rating Scales
Number of Pupils
Percentage (%)
Strongly Agree
3
10 %
Agree
10
33,33%
Neutral
2
6,66%
Disagree
13
43,33%
Strongly Disagree
2
6,66%
Total:
30
100%
Discussion and Analysis

The cognitive component example:
I think using technology is important for my education
Rating Scales
Number of Pupils
Percentage (%)
Strongly Agree
1
3,33%
Agree
7
23,33%
Neutral
10
33,33%
Disagree
12
39,96%
Strongly Disagree
0
0%
Total:
30
100%
Discussion and Analysis

The Behavioral component example:
I always use computers/phones to do my homework
Rating Scales
Number of Pupils
Percentage (%)
Strongly Agree
8
26,66%
Agree
10
33,33%
Neutral
2
6,66%
Disagree
5
16,65%
Strongly Disagree
5
16,65%
Total:
30
100%
Results



Based on the interpretation of the scale’s results, it
was found that:
Most students possess high levels of negative cognitive
and affective attitude toward the use of ICT,
particularly in online learning mode.
However, they possess positive behavioral attitude, which is very perplexing.
It is important to note that in attitudinal language research, more attention has
been given to the affective component, making it the root of all components
(Azwar, 2016)

They feel isolated and detached from their classmates and teachers, therefore, it affected
their willingness to engage in online learning mode.
The results indicate that there is a serious underlying issue in our educational system
and must be addressed, especially, given the significance of ICT in the digital age.
In conclusion, the application of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in online learning has the potential to revolutionize education, making it
more accessible, engaging, and effective.
Pedagogical Recommendations


Teachers should encourage their students to use ICT during and outside
classroom.
Students should receive special training on how to use ICT.

Students should engage in online learning activities to get maximal
experience on the usage of ICT.

Encouraging Technology-based courses is a solid solution.
Bibliography