1
1
The structures of seven compounds or elements, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A
B
H
H
H
C
C
C
O
H
C
C
D
H
H
H
C
C
C
P
O
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
F
E
H
H
C
G
O
O
H
S
O
O
H
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a saturated hydrocarbon.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
2
The table shows the structures of some organic compounds.
compound
G
structure of compound
H
H
H
O
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
J
H
H
O
H
homologous series
carboxylic acid
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
(a) Complete the table by naming the homologous series.
The first one has been done for you.
[2]
2
(b) Draw the structure of a compound containing two carbon atoms which belongs to the same
homologous series as compound H.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[1]
(c) State which compound in the table is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Explain your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) State which compound in the table reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
Explain your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(e) State the names of the two compounds formed during the complete combustion of compound
J.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................
(f)
[2]
Compound H can be polymerised.
(i)
State the general name given to the small units which join together to form a polymer.
................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Terylene is also a polymer.
Give one use of Terylene.
................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 9]
3
The formula C4H10 represents two different structural isomers.
3
(a) What is meant by the term structural isomers?
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Draw the structures of two structural isomers with the formula C4H10.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[2]
[Total: 4]
4
Complete the sentence about the bonding in butane.
All the bonds in butane are single ................................ chemical bonds.
[1]
[Total: 1]
5
Ethane is an alkane which undergoes a photochemical reaction with chlorine as shown.
C2H6(g) + Cl2(g) → C2H5Cl(l) + HCl(g)
(a) In this reaction, an atom of hydrogen is replaced with a chlorine atom.
State the name of this type of organic reaction.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) In this reaction, one of the products is chloroethane.
Name the other product.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
6
The structures of four organic compounds, B, C, D and E are shown.
4
B
H
H
C
C
O
H
C
H
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
D
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
E
H
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
(a) State which compound, B, C, D or E, dissolves in water to form an acidic solution.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) State which compound, B, C, D or E, is a saturated hydrocarbon.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c) State which compound, B, C, D or E, is an unreactive compound except in terms of burning.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) State which compound, B, C, D or E, decolourises aqueous bromine.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 4]
7
Propane is an alkane.
Complete the word equation for the complete combustion of propane.
propane
+
oxygen
→
...................................
...................................
+
...................................
[2]
[Total: 2]
8
The hydrocarbon C3H8 is called propane.
Name the homologous series that propane belongs to.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
5
[Total: 1]
9
Draw the structure of a molecule of ethane. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[1]
[Total: 1]
10 Ethanol, C2H5OH, is an alcohol.
(a) Complete these sentences about ethanol using words from the list.
different
formula
group
identical
molecule
similar
Ethanol is part of the alcohol homologous series.
Each member of the alcohol homologous series has the same functional ......................
Members of the same homologous series have chemical properties that are .................
[2]
(b) When ethanol undergoes incomplete combustion, a small amount of carbon dioxide is produced.
Name two other substances that are produced when ethanol undergoes incomplete combustion.
...........................................................................................................................................
and.....................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 4]
11
Ethanol is a member of the alcohol homologous series.
Members of the same homologous series have the same general formula.
(a) State the general formula of alcohols.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
6
(b) State two general characteristics, other than the same general formula, of all homologous
series.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) One alcohol containing three carbon atoms is propan-1-ol.
Draw the structure of one other alcohol containing three carbon atoms.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name the alcohol you have drawn.
name..................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 5]
12 Ethanol, C2H5OH, is a fuel.
Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol.
..................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 2]
13 The structure of an organic compound, S, is shown.
H
H
H
C
H
C
C
O
H
C
O
H
On the structure, draw a circle around the carboxylic acid functional group.
[1]
[Total: 1]
7
14 The structures of seven compounds, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A
C
B
H
H
S
C
H
D
O
H
H
C
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
F
E
H
C
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
O
H
G
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
O
C
O
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a carboxylic acid.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
15 Ethanol is an organic solvent.
Draw the structure of ethanol. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[2]
[Total: 2]
8
16 Ethanoic acid belongs to the carboxylic acid homologous series.
Which two of the following statements describes the members of the same homologous series?
Tick two boxes.
They have the same physical properties.
They have different functional groups.
They have similar chemical properties.
They are all inorganic chemicals.
They have the same functional group.
[2]
[Total: 2]
17 Pentane and hexane belong to the same homologous series.
(a) How can you tell this from their names?
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Complete the following sentence about a homologous series using words from the list below.
acidic
alcohol
compounds
density
different
elements
functional
masses
properties
solid
A homologous series is a family of similar ............................... with similar
...............................
due to the presence of the same ............................... group.
[3]
[Total: 4]
18 Ethene, C2H4, is an alkene
Write the general formula of alkenes.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
9
19 The structure of four organic compounds, C, D, E and F, are shown.
C
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
D
O
C
H
O
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
E
H
H
F
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
State which two of the compounds, C, D, E and F, are in the same homologous series.
..................................................................... and ...........................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
20 Which pair of molecules are hydrocarbons?
A
ethane and ethanol
B
ethane and ethene
C
ethanoic acid and ethene
D
ethanol and ethanoic acid
[1]
[Total: 1]