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Suggested Answer
CA Foundation Law
Duration: 60
Details: Test- 6 (Ch – 1)
Marks: 30
Instructions:
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All the questions are compulsory
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in arranged manner.
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In case of multiple choice questions, mention option number only Working notes are
compulsory wherever required in support of your solution
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Ans-1
Non- Verbal: It is the process of sending and receiving massages without using written or
spoken words. It is also called a manual language. It either compliments or contradicts
verbal communication..
There are five types:
1. Physical Non- Verbal communication: It is an individual's Body-language which means
facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, posture, and signs. For instance, nodding, Staring,
waving hands, drooping shoulders. Research estimates that body language, including facial
expressions, accounts for 55 per cent of all communication.
2. Paralanguage: How you say something reveals more actually than what you co say. The
tone of voice, pauses, inflection, pacing, and loudness is showing the underlying emotion
behind the message. Research estimates that tone of voice accounts for 38 per cent of all
communications.
3. Aesthetic Communication: Creative expressions such as music, dancing, painting, acting,
sculpting is a form of sharing the ideas and thoughts of an artist.
4. Appearance: What type of clothes one is wearing? How well the person is groomed?
Reflects on the personality, background, and maturity of the person. E.g. a person in formal
attire will look more professional than a person dressed informally in the office.
5. Symbols: religious symbols, status symbols, or brands convey beliefs and financial
standing.
5 Marks
Ans-2
(a) Informal communication is casual, unofficial form of communication amongst socializing
employees in a business environment. Example, grapevine communication which happens
between employees of an organisation not following any formal channel.
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(b) Common networks used in an organisation are:
Chain network: which is prevalent in government offices and follows a chain of command
pattern.
Wheel and spoke: which is prevalent in small organisations and is dependent on the leader.
Star network: It is best suited for team cohesion and is followed in big organisations.
5 Marks
Ans-3
Essentials of effective communication (7CS)
1. Clarity: The message must be expressed in simple and easy to understand language. Short
sentences should be used and each idea must be stated in a separate paragraph.
2. Conciseness: Only necessary and relevant words must be used. Brevity is the essence of
effective communication. There should be no repetitions.
3. Completeness: The message must be complete as omissions of necessary facts creates
confusion and misunderstanding.
4. Concreteness: Use facts and figures in place of abstract ideas. The message must be
expressed in precise words.
5. Coherence: Different elements of the message must be organised is a sequential and
logical way. Words, sentences and paragraphs muss be inter connected and there should be
smooth flow of information.
6. courtesy: The sender of the message must take into consideration the feelings and view
points of the receiver. He should be polite, respectful and honest. The message and its tune
must not be offensive.
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7. Correctness: The message must be accurate in all respects.
5 Marks
Ans-4
Vertical communication is a formal type of network involving a superior and a subordinate.
It is two-way communication with immediate feedback possible. It reduces the chances of
miscommunication.
E.g. communication between C.A (manager) and Accountant
Wheel and spoke communicationIn this type of network single authority gives instructions and orders to the employees. They
report back to the leader. It is a successful pattern of communication for a small business
with limited employees. For big business houses, it is not a practical and successful pattern
as there are a large number of employees. It is highly dependent on the competence of the
leader.
E.g. A small audit firm with a C.A and five accountants.
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5 Marks
Ans-5
Process of communication
The steps we take for successful communication is called the communication process which
consists of the following:
STEP 1: WHY- The reason or purpose behind the communication.
STEP 2: WHAT-what is the content of the communication.
STEP 3: HOW- The medium used for carrying out communication like speech, written text,
internet, signs, etc.
STEP 4: TRANSMISSION- sending of the message to the decoder.
STEP 5: BARRIERS- Obstacles during transmission of the messages leading to
miscommunication. Example noise, mood swings, environmental factors, etc.
STEP 6: RECEPTION- Decoder receiving the message.
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STEP 7: DECODING- Deciphering or breaking down the information received through the
message into smaller sections.
STEP 8: INTERPRETATION- Putting together the smaller sections of information as a whole to
understand the meaning of the message.
STEP 9: FEEDBACK- Appropriate reply by the receiver to the sender is called feedback.
5 Marks
Ans-6
(a) An employee with a proactive attitude will facilitate communication whereas the one
with a disinterested attitude can derail the process of communication. Similarly, an
employee whose personality is shy and introvert would require motivation to participate in
the communication process.
(b) Aesthetic communication is the creative expression of the artist through their art forms
for example sculptors, paintings and music. Without uttering word's, the artist is able to
convey so many emotions and opinions thus, it is a form of non-verbal communication.
5 Marks
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