COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
MODULE 2 PACKET
THM 7 – MULTICULTURAL DIVERSITY IN THE
WORKPLACE FOR THE TOURISM PROFESSIONAL
MODULE 2 OVERVIEW:
Welcome to Module 2 – Key Features of Culture
Culture is the lifeblood of a vibrant society, expressed in the many ways we tell our stories,
celebrate, remember the past, entertain ourselves, and imagine the future. Our creative
expression helps define who we are, and helps us see the world through the eyes of others.
Ontarians participate in culture in many ways—as audiences, professionals, amateurs, volunteers,
and donors or investors.
In addition to its intrinsic value, culture provides important social and economic benefits.
With improved learning and health, increased tolerance, and opportunities to come together with
others, culture enhances our quality of life and increases overall well-being for both individuals
and communities. This module will broaden opportunities for education and lifelong learning
including a better understanding of the key features of culture. You are set for an incredible
journey! Have fun in the tourism and environment!
CONSULTATION HOURS:
Phone or Messenger : 8-11 AM Tuesdays | 9-10 AM Friday
Virtual time: 11-2 MTH (BSHM 3B)
5-8 MTH (BSTM 3B)
11-2 TF (BSTM 3A)
11-2 WS (BSHM 3A)
2021-2022 Module Packets for THM 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for the Tourism Professional) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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MODULE 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of this module, the students will be able to:
1. Enumerate the key features of culture;
2. 2. Discuss the different key features of culture;
a. Culture is learned;
f. Culture is accumulative;
b. Culture is social;
g. Culture is integrated;
c. Culture is shared;
h. Culture is changing; and
d. Culture is transmitted;
i. Varies from society to society
e. Culture is continuous;
3. Compare and contrast the key features of culture
COURSE CONTENT FOR MODULE 2:
KEY FEATURES OF CULTURE
ACTIVITY
DESCRIPTION
TIME TO COMPLETE
Lecture discussion
Key Features of culture
a. Culture is learned;
b. Culture is social;
c. Culture is shared
1 hour and 30 minutes
Lecture discussion
Key Features of culture
d. Culture is transmitted;
e. Culture is continuous;
f. Culture is accumulative;
1 hour and 30 minutes
Assessment
Module 2, Assessment 1
Lecture discussion
Key Features of culture
g. Culture is integrated;
h. Culture is changing; and
i. Varies from society to society
Quiz
Summative quiz for module 2
30 minutes
Presentation
Presentation of selected outputs
30 minutes
30 minutes
1 hour and 30 minutes
Deadline for module 2 output: 4 March 2022, at strictly 5:00 in the afternoon
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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LECTURE DISCUSSIONS
2.1. KEY FEATURES OF CULTURE: CULTURE IS LEARNED; CULTURE IS SOCIAL AND
CULTURE IS SHARED;
Culture is Learned
The first teacher of a child is his/her family, especially
those who interact with the child closely. As years goes by,
a child learns many things from the family, such as how to
talk, eat, walk, behave appropriately, and worship. As the
child's circle of acquaintances increases, so does the
continuous learnings. In some instances, while the
child/person may acquire and learn new things, some of
the old things they know may be forgotten or replaced.
Culture has to be taught by someone, usually an older person,
that is valued by the younger person. It is learned through constant practice, reminder, and action.
The elements of culture such as beliefs, ways of life, and languages, can be learned and shared
together and create lasting and powerful relationships. A community with people of varied cultures
can learn from the culture of another community or people groups. The person, thus, will not be
the same from how they were a child to how they will be as an adult, nor will they be the same as
the other members of their immediate family through the years.
A person needs to interact with other people for culture to be transmitted. It cannot be "kept in a
cabinet" nor be kept the members. The more you interact with other people, the wider your
appreciation for things, values, and concepts will be, and the more it will live on.
In many instances, if the reason for the practice is not explained well, then succeeding generations
may not appreciate this practice anymore.
Culture Is Social
A person needs to interact with other people for culture to be transmitted. It cannot be "kept in a
cabinet" nor be kept the members. The more you interact with other people, the wider your
appreciation for things, values, and concepts will be, and the more it will live on.
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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Through interaction with other people, you see how other
people behave, a secret from act, and make decisions. Beliefs
and values will guide a person whether to retain or change their
culture in the future as socialization, beliefs, and other elements
change through the years.
In many instances, if the reason for the practice is not explained
well, then succeeding generations may not appreciate this
practice anymore.
Culture Is Shared
Culture is not something that an individual can pass to a person but is shared by a common group
of people in a given area. Various elements such arts,
language, religion, values, and beliefs are all shared by
one person to another, such as members of a family or a
community.
This shared culture is what is transmitted to the other
members of the community throughout the succeeding
generations. In instances when a cultural element dies, it
can be traced back to its weak transmission, perhaps its
lack of documentation and practice, and so it loses its
meaning to the younger members of the community. An
example will be dialects that have died because there were no speakers of the dialect.
These beliefs and practices are accepted by everyone equally. A group of people, several
households, a barangay, a district, a city, or a province may share some of elements of culture
2.2. KEY FEATURES OF CULTURE: CULTURE IS TRANSMITTED; CULTURE IS
CONTINUOUS; CULTURE IS ACCUMULATIVE
Culture Is Transmitted
The transmittal of culture can be done through practice, written form, or verbal form. What is
important is that there is a means or method used wherein the elements of culture are passed on
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
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to other persons and other generations. Usually, the patriarch or matriarch of the family is the
holder of the family practices.
The elders band together to ensure that there is continued
practice of the unique culture, whether it is a formal or informal
designation. If there is no one to ensure that these elements are
practiced, these elements will die.
On the other hand, they may take another path, either adapt a
more relaxed version or follow a practice of another group of
people.
Culture Is Continuous
The transmission of the cultural elements of one group must be continuous from one generation
to the next. This will ensure that there is a common understanding of the practices, history, and
origin. Understanding the basis of the practice is critical
as it explains the rationale for the practice. People want
to know the reasons behind a practice, especially the
youth, when the oft-repeated question is "Why?" If there
is no resolution to this, there will be challenges as some
people will refuse to practice it, leading to forgetting the
practice altogether.
In some communities, there are attempts to revive a
certain element of culture after its absence in some years. In its revitalized version, it may not be
as authentic as the original and it may take several years for the restored practice to achieve a
level of committed practice by its community members.
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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Culture Is Accumulative
With so much history in any society, there is bound to be
changes in culture as compared to when it was initially
practiced. The intensity is dependent on many things: the
commitment of its followers, the number of followers, its
documentation, the rationale of the practice, and even its
interactions with other groups who may have a different practice
altogether. As a result of culture being transmitted to several
people, through several years, there will be changes due to the current situation in the community.
2.3.
KEY FEATURES OF CULTURE: CULTURE IS INTEGRATED; CULTURE IS
CHANGING; AND VARIES FROM SOCIETY TO SOCIETY.
Culture Is Integrated
Common practices bring people together. It is a way of sharing with others and making it easier
for people to understand or give preference to others who share a common practice. There are
many practices that are uniquely undertaken by a group of people.
They can easily be identified as coming from a particular region or province. It is part of their life,
from birth to death and all the events that happen in between.
Special events such as Holy Week differ from region to region and this can be seen in the way
that we celebrate it. In other countries, Holy Week is also celebrated differently.
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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Culture Is Changing
With the intersection of many variables across time and people, culture is bound to change.
Developments in technology, government structure, laws, other elements, and even in people will
give rise to changes in culture. For example, there may be more effective and more efficient ways
of doing something very traditional such as weaving a design from
the handloom versus a machine that can do the same in a shorter
time. The machine may even use different threads, resulting in
the change of the cloth.
Changes must be acceptable to the group who owns the original,
and if members are happy with the change, then there can be
change. Sometimes, however, this can result in quarrels among the members of the group and
may result in the division of the community. In some instances, this can create new beginnings or
new communities.
Culture Varies from Society to Society
Of the many sub-groups in a society, each one brings their own cultural mindset to a bigger
community. Expect that there will be similarities and many
unique practices within a given community and among the
different countries also.
Given these features of culture, a tourism professional should
be aware and liberal in considering the uniqueness and
similarities of their colleagues and customers in the
workplace. A tourism professional should be very understanding, open-minded, and does not
insist on their cultural beliefs or practice on other people.
Note: The following links are an example of the different types of culture and how important that
you must know the culture of a place before you visit them.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BT0kzF4A-WQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALWwK7Vz4gY
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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Name:
Section:
MODULE 1, ASSESSMENT 1: CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
I. Individual work (20 Pts)
a. Identify a practice in your family that is culturally based.
b. Ask your parents or grandparents about the origin of the practice, including the province, city,
or district.
c. Describe the practice and present the practice through a narration. Include the following:
NAME:
PROVINCE: (where the culture originated)
DESCRIPTION OF THE CULTURE:
REASONS FOR CHANGE:
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College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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RUBRICS FOR WRITTEN WORKS
AREAS
OF A
B
C
D
2
3
4
ASSSESMENT
1
Ideas
Presents ideas in an Present ideas in Ideas
original manner
a
are
too Ideas are vaque or
consistent general
unclear
manner
Organization
Strong
and Organized
organized
beg/mid/end
beg/mid/end
Some
No organization; lack
organization
beg/mid/end
attempt
as
a
beg/mid/end
Understanding
Writing shows strong Writing shows a Writing
understanding
Word choice
clear
adequate
understanding
understanding
Sophisticated use of Nouns
nouns
and
shows Writing shows little
verbs verbs
and Needs
understanding
more Little or no use of
make nouns and verbs
nouns and verbs
make the essay very essay
informative
informative
Sentence
Sentence
structure Sentence
structure
enhances meaning; structure
Sentence
is structure
No
of
is sentence structure or
flows throughout the evident;
limited; sentences flow
piece
need to flow
sentences
sense
mostly flow
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
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MODULE 1, QUIZ 1:
Two important key elements of culture are; “Culture is Learned” and “Culture is
Shared”. In your 4 years of stay at the University of San Agustin, identify one or two
unforgettable Augustinian culture that you learned in your college years.
a. What makes this culture unforgettable?
b. In your future employment in tourism/hospitality organization, how are you
going to share this Augustinian culture with others?
*Note- Submit your written report on the learning management system platform.
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
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RUBRIC FOR WRITTEN WORKS
AREAS OF
ASSSESMENT
Ideas
A
1
Presents ideas in
an original manner
Organization
Strong and
organized
beg/mid/end
Understanding
Writing shows
strong
understanding
Sophisticated use
of nouns and
verbs make the
essay very
informative
Sentence structure
enhances
meaning; flows
throughout the
piece
Word choice
Sentence
structure
B
2
Present ideas
in a consistent
manner
Organized
beg/mid/end
Writing shows
a clear
understanding
Nouns and
verbs make
essay
informative
Sentence
structure is
evident;
sentences
mostly flow
C
3
Ideas are too
general
D
4
Ideas are vaque or
unclear
Some
organization
attempt as a
beg/mid/end
Writing shows
adequate
understanding
Needs more
nouns and
verbs
No organization;
lack beg/mid/end
Sentence
structure is
limited;
sentences need
to flow
No sense of
sentence structure
or flow
Writing shows little
understanding
Little or no use of
nouns and verbs
2021-2022 Module Packets for TMPE 7 (Multicultural Diversity in the Workplace for Tourism Professionals) |
College of Commerce |University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, 5000, Philippines
Page 11 of 11