14. What are the components of facility-based LTC? SATA Providing accommodations Providing
hospitality services Providing health services
15. What is the correct term used to describe stereotyping those that are dependent, frail, and older?
a. Ageism b. Sexism c. Classism d. Fatalism
16. Which one of the following represents one of the eight domains of age-friendly communities? a.
Respect and social exclusion b. Outdoor spaces and buildings c. Communication and misinformation
d. Unemployment
17. Why is it important for community health nurses to discuss services that are available to help
seniors remain independent and aging at home? a. Because seniors build their support networks
and need to know how to volunteer their time b. Because seniors generally have money saved up
and need to decide where to spend their money c. Because seniors generally will not ask for help,
but will accept help when offered to them d. Because seniors have extended families that will take
care of them when they are dependent
18. Which of the following represents an official language minority? a. Cantonese-speaking seniors
living in British Columbia b. French-speaking seniors living in Quebec c. Italian-speaking seniors living
in New Brunswick d. English-speaking seniors living in Quebec
19. Which of the following terms is used to describe “an area of scholarship focusing on issues
affecting the quality of life for older persons living in areas of low population density”? a. Urban
aging b. Rural aging c. Prairie aging d. Maritime aging
20. Which of the following is an example of an innovative practice in Aboriginal seniors’ health care?
a. Youth caring for elders and preventing elder abuse b. Offline education for community-based
health care providers c. Increasing social isolation of seniors living at home d. Bringing chronic
disease self-management to urban regions
21. What percentage of new immigrant seniors were unable to speak English or French between 2001
and 2009? a. 25% b. 15% c. 50% d. 80%
22. Which of the following statements is true about immigrant seniors and their health? a. They are
more likely to receive home care b. They require less help with activities of daily living c. They have
better psychological health or experience social isolation d. They have lower rates of hypertension
23. In Canada, what proportion of federally incarcerated offenders is over the age of 50? a. 1 in 10 b. 1
in 15 c. 1 in 20 d. 1 in 5
24. Which of the following are common underlying health problems that can alter sexual desire and
performance in older adults? a. Incontinence b. Lupus c. Using no medications d. Stiff bones
25. Which of the following is an example of an immunization that should be advised for older adults
on a yearly basis? a. Diphtheria b. Influenza c. Hepatitis A d. Cholera
26. Current trends, for example, the Global Age-Friendly Cities Project, demonstrate that more older
adults with health challenges are A. relying on their family for more economic and social support. B.
living in their homes for longer periods of time. C. dissatisfied with the care that they receive within
their communities. D. entering the acute care system earlier.
27. Canadian society is moving towards and embracing a positive aging perspective. However,
negative attitudes toward older adults still prevail in society. An ageist perspective A. promotes
lifelong independence to prevent disease. B. believes older adults are a burden on the healthcare
system. C. believes older adults contribute to communities' growth. D. recognizes that seniors have
skills and abilities.
28. Which of the following are public policy initiatives for older adults in Canada? SATA. Healthcare
Caregiving Public pensions Healthy eating
29. The organization of the healthcare system is a significant challenge for an aging population as it
remains uncoordinated and in silos among acute, chronic, long term, and home care. This is due
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to: A. Hospital and community aging programs not being concurrent. B. Provinces and territories
being required to have the same programs. C. Healthcare policies regarding the aging population
continuously evolving due to the changing population. D. The absence of home care from the
Canada Health Act.
Which statement is true of both Canadian and global populations? A. The population is decreasing
in age and becoming more literate. B. The younger population has maintained at a steady rate. C.
The population is demanding less acute care because the burden of disease is significantly reduced.
D. The aging population trend will continue and increase into the future.
In Canada, which provinces have the highest percentage of older adults? Select all that apply. A.
Nova Scotia B. New Brunswick C. Manitoba D. Ontario
Which barriers do older adults in official language minority communities’ encounter? Select all
that apply. A. Difficulty accessing services B. Financial barriers C. Lack of support from the same
language communities D. Social isolation
What makes it challenging for older adult immigrants in Canada to access health care services? A.
Benefit plans from the country of origin B. Chronic conditions new to the Canadian health care
system C. Lack of official language skills D. Decrease in support systems
Many older persons consider themselves to be in poor health due to multiple chronic diseases.
True or False
What type of in-home service can CHNs coordinate to support individuals to remain in their
homes? A. Health promotion education B. Day hospital care C. Mental health care D. Fall prevention
training
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight domains of Age-Friendly Communities? A. Hospital
support B. Transportation C. Employment D. Outdoor spaces
What key issues do older persons encounter that can restrict their independence and compromise
autonomy? A. Emphysema B. Anxiety C. Dementia D. Diabetes
What is the purpose of age-friendly communities? A. To increase access to the determinants of
health B. To provide access to medical care C. To assist older adults into long-term care facilities. D.
To link older adults to community volunteers
Which of the following are examples of factors important for active aging? Select all that apply. A.
A caution outlook about older self and health B. Financial security C. Self-determination D. A safe
and supportive community
Which older populations show an increase in biological aging by 10-15 years due to substance
abuse, poor diet, and unhealthy lifestyle? Select all that apply. A. Individuals who are homeless B.
Individuals who are incarcerated C. Individuals who are new immigrants D. Individuals diagnosed
with diabetes
In which year is the number of persons 60 years and above predicted to double, rising from 962
million in 2017 to 2.1 billion? A. 2050 B. 2040 C. 2025 D. 2075
By 2036, it is projected that the proportion of Canadians age 65 and older will be 1 in
_________________. A. 2 B. 10 C. 4 D. 3
Official language minority communities are at risk of A. social isolation. B. poor socioeconomic
conditions. C. mental health issues. D. financial distress.
What technological supports can CHNs implement to assist older adults from rural and
underserved populations access care? A. Hospital e-resource workshops B. Support groups for
online resources C. Social media D. Telehealth
Older adults should be involved in their care as _____________ rather than as passive recipients
of care. A. senior clients B. active partners C. interested parties D. family members
46. Over the next 20 to 30 years, the number of Canadians living with and dying from chronic diseases
will increase. Why is this the case? a. Because new registered nurses will be introduced to the
workforce b. Because the aging population will be increasing c. Because many nurses will retire,
and we will have a nursing shortage d. Because the aging population will be decreasing
47. Which concept is used to describe integrating palliative care principles into any setting of care? a.
Palliative nursing b. Palliative care c. Palliative approach d. Palliative community
48. What is the number of Canadians over the age of 20 years that live with Diabetes? a. 2.4 million b.
3.5 million c. 1.3 million d. 4.7 million
49. What is the best definition for the term “chronic care”? a. Persistent conditions that require
ongoing medical management over many years b. An interprofessional team that engages with the
patient to arrive at clinical outcomes c. Population health promotion that aims to prevent illness and
enhance community participation d. Patients with chronic conditions require access to
comprehensive, coordinated health care from professionals
50. Which of the following models is the best-known comprehensive model to address chronic care
needs of patients? a. The Functional Chronic Care Model b. The Chronic Care Population Health
Model c. The Chronic Care Model d. The Chronic Health Outcomes Model
51. Why was the Expanded Chronic Care Model developed in Canada? a. To broaden the focus of
chronic care to include elements of population health b. To acknowledge that chronic care requires
professionals to have a special skill set c. To guide professionals working in chronic care in their
clinical decision-making d. To include the patients to participate in the decisions about their
chronic health
52. How many Canadians were known to live with Dementia in 2011? a. More than 2 million b. Less
than 1 million c. More than 3 million d. Less than half a million
53. As RNs we are legally obligated to refer or discuss assisted dying with client - true or false
54. What term is used to describe a variety of services that are necessary for the physical and
psychological needs of patients who are no longer able to function independently? a. Functional
Care b. Hospice Care c. Community Care d. Long-Term Care
55. Which of the following statements is true? a. Hospice Care is Community Care b. Chronic Care is
Long-Term Care c. Functional Care is Community Care d. Hospice Care is Preventative Care
56. Sally is a community health nurse who works to provide a seamless transition among various
types of interventions and services based on the needs of patients. What type of care is Sally
providing? a. Community-based population care b. Hospice-based illness prevention care c.
Community-based long-term care d. Hospital-based chronic care
57. What is the best term used to describe the largest component of community-based long-term care
services in Canada? a. Home care b. Hospice care c. Community care d. Palliative care
58. Home and community-based service are intended to be used by which population group? a.
People who do not yet qualify for admission to a palliative care facility b. People who do not yet
qualify for admission to an acute care facility c. People who do not yet qualify for admission to a
long-term care facility d. People who do not yet qualify for admission to a rehabilitative care facility
59. What type of long-term care services are the most intense type of service delivery on the longterm care continuum? a. Those provided in an acute care setting b. Those provided in a residential
setting c. Those provided in a hospice setting d. Those provided in a rehabilitative setting
60. What percentage of older adults in Canada live in a collective dwelling because they are unable to
live alone? a. 12% b. 32% c. 23% d. 8%
61. Which of the following is an example of a collective dwelling? a. Living in a chronic care hospital b.
Living with family members in the family home c. Living with friends in the same position d. Living
alone in an apartment building for seniors
62. Which of the following contributes to altered social structures that lead to an increased need for
long-term care solutions? a. Men deciding to stay at home b. Children going to university c. Women
undertaking paid work d. Women deciding not to have children
63. The goal of hospice care is quality end-of-life care in any setting. Where and when did the first
hospice open? a. In England in the 1960s b. In Canada in the 1950s c. In England in the 1940s d. In
Canada in the 1930s
64. Mr. Singh is experiencing a form of terminal cancer. When is it appropriate to discuss the option
of palliative care with Mr. Singh? a. When Mr. Singh’s daughter signs off on this approach b. When
Mr. Singh and his family are prepared to accept it c. When Mr. Singh cannot express his wishes and
is in a coma d. When Mr. Singh’s health care team makes this decision
65. Joel is a community health nurse working in palliative care with Mrs. Martinez. He is evaluating
the integration of services and supports for Mrs. Martinez and her family. Which Canadian
Community Health Nursing Standard of Practice does this work best align with? a. Professional
responsibility and accountability b. Capacity building c. Professional relationships d. Access and
equity
66. Pat is a community health nurse working in palliative care. Pat is preparing the Strong family for
their roles in the end-of-life care of their grandmother. Pat is discussing the issues of negative
caregiver outcomes, including strain, burden, and role breakdown. What type of activity is Pat
engaging in? a. Secondary prevention b. Tertiary prevention c. Primary prevention d. Quaternary
prevention
67. Jason is providing excellent palliative care to his patients with the goal of implementing a
comfortable dying process. Which term below best describes Jason’s work? a. Secondary
prevention b. Tertiary prevention c. Primary prevention d. Quaternary prevention
68. Jesse is a community health nurse working in palliative care with Mrs. Wang’s family. Jesse is
assessing the level of caregiver burnout. Which term below best describes Jesse’s work? a.
Secondary prevention b. Tertiary prevention c. Primary prevention d. Quaternary prevention
69. In 2012, how many family caregivers were there in Canada? a. 7 million b. 4.5 million c. 12 million
d. 10.5 million
70. Angie lives next door to Mrs. Ling. Over the years, Angie has noticed that Mrs. Ling has
experienced trouble engaging in her personal care. Angie goes to Mrs. Ling’s home once a day and
helps to shower her. What term is used to describe Angie? a. A good neighbor b. A close friend c. A
family caregiver d. A surrogate daughter
71. Which of the following statements is true of caregivers: a. Caregivers often have sufficient funds to
take care of ailing family members b. It is okay to ask caregivers to pick up the slack when health
care services are reduced c. Caregivers often have lower rates of depression because of engaging in
social activities d. Caregivers often have higher rates of depression and are socially isolated
72. Each year the number of deaths in Canada increases due to the country's growing and aging
population. What are the two leading causes of death in Canada? A. Respiratory disease B.
Diabetes C. Heart disease D. Cancer
73. As of 2012, there were 4.5 million family caregivers in Canada, an increase of ____ over the
previous five years. A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 40%
74. There is a need to move away from an ambulatory visit from an individual family physician who
assesses and evaluates the needs of a passive patient, to a ________ made up of an
interprofessional team that engages with an informed, activated patient to arrive at appropriate
clinical outcomes marked by patient satisfaction. A. Comprehensive care model B. Client-centered
care model C. Community health care model D. Long-term care model
75. What is the goal of hospice palliative care? A. To provide accommodations, hospitality services, and
health services B. To assist the patient medically with their life-threatening illness C. To focus on
family needs and educating families on palliative resources D. To relieve suffering and improve the
quality of living and dying
76. Chronic conditions may be broadly defined as A. Persistent conditions that require ongoing
medical management over many years. B. Having access to comprehensive, coordinated healthcare
services from knowledgeable healthcare professionals. C. A primary care-based framework aimed at
supporting the complex needs of patients in the community. D. An umbrella term that encompasses
a variety of services that are necessary for the physical and psychological needs of a person.
77. The WHO defines palliative care as A. Care recognizing the convergence of hospice and palliative
care into one movement that has the same principles and norms of practice. B. A common goal of
quality end-of-life care in any setting. C. An approach focused on improving quality of life for both
the patient faced with a life-threatening illness and their family. D. Providing accommodations,
hospitality services, and health services to the client and their family.
78. What should CHNs be aware of when providing critical information, support, and practical
assistance to individuals and families going through this experience? A. The legal obligation of
palliative care clients B. Their own feelings and attitudes about death C. The ethical obligations of
palliative care clients D. Their palliative care knowledge
79. Secondary prevention involves screening patients and families most at risk of deleterious
outcomes. Which of the following is a secondary prevention intervention? A. Introducing cognitive
behavioral approaches that increase hope B. Identifying concerns and questions that will promote a
positive caregiver experience C. Providing information and support to the client D. Conducting
family meetings to discuss goals of care
80. The Expanded Chronic Care Model (ECCM) was developed in Canada to A. replace the outdated
population health promotion model. B. broaden the clinical focus of the CCM to include elements
of population health promotion. C. increase the interprofessional teams within a community about
chronic care. D. complement the community-based long-term care model.
81. In Canada, the types and amount of long-term care services available in the community vary with
each province and territory. What types of services are offered in most parts of Canada? Select all
that apply. A. Pharmacology care B. Respite programs C. Providing necessary medical equipment
and supplies D. Rehabilitation care.
82. CHNs begin by completing a comprehensive holistic assessment of individuals and families based
on the CHPCA's domains of care, which include all of the following EXCEPT A. financial support. B.
grief management. C. disease management. D. spiritual support.
83. Palliative care includes all of the following EXCEPT A. intending to postpone death. B. regarding
dying as a normal process. C. integrating the psychological and spiritual aspects of patient care. D.
providing relief from pain
84. The provision of community-based long-term care is intended as a seamless transition among
various types of A. hospital policies into community-focused policies. B. clients and their family
caregiver needs. C. documentation and the healthcare provider. D. interventions and services
according to patient needs.
85. Chronic care refers to A. persistent conditions that require ongoing medical management over
many years. B. having access to comprehensive, coordinated healthcare services from
knowledgeable healthcare professionals. C. elements of population health promotion with the aim
to improve prevention of illness and enhance community participation. D. a primary care-based
framework aimed at supporting the complex needs of patients in the community.
86. What primary care intervention should CHNs incorporate for negative caregiver outcomes such as
strain, burden, or role breakdown? A. Preparing and supporting family caregivers B. Teaching selfcare C. Offering respite care D. Providing better symptom control for patients
87. What is the name of the model that is a primary care-based framework aimed at supporting the
complex needs of patients in the community living with one or more chronic conditions? A.
Population Care Model B. Chronic Care Model C. Primary Care Model D. Community Care Model
88. Which of the following CHN interventions is an example of health promotion through tertiary
prevention? A. Promoting a positive caregiver experience. B. Providing excellent palliative care
with the goal of a comfortable dying process C. Providing information and goals of care to the
family caregiver D. Introducing cognitive-behavioral approaches that increase quality of life
89. Advances in medicine and an aging population have resulted in A. an increase in acute care in the
hospital for older adults. B. a decrease in community care of older adults. C. a decrease in incidences
of new diseases. D. an increase in the prevalence of chronic conditions
90. The largest component of community-based, long-term care services in Canada is A. medical care.
B. home care. C. rehabilitation care. D. respite care.
91. The suffering and quality of life for family caregivers is an immense public health issue. Caregivers
tend to be A. socially active. B. self-educated. C. active in their community. D. socially isolated
92. The dream factory what is the purpose of the rocks? Letting go to Make space for dreams and
wishes, Writing down your dreams to set goals, Remembering what you used to love,
Understanding the importance of aging
93. Four feet up, the family interacts in services provided by which community members, SALA:
Daycare, Police, CAS, Employment services, teachers, Social workers, Food banks
94. In the video four feet up, asya uses which term but does not truly understand what it means for
him? Less fortunate, Underprivileged, neglected, Impoverished
95. In the video caregiving visual diary Tom and his family discuss mom moved in at age 91 and their
experience with Identifies the importance of: Making sure you meet their physical needs, Giving
them a feeling of belonging, Being present and willing to listen, Helping to create new memories,
Providing them with a sense of bliss
96. In the video from the CDC public health addressing health disparities in early childhood can
identified is Health and wellbeing is rooted in early childhood