Products
Solutions
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Installation considerations for hazardous areas
INTERNAL
Slide 1
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Services
Classification of Hazardous Areas
The world of hazardous classification
INTERNAL
Slide 2
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
ATEX / IEC Ex Device declaration
Use the device
under ground
or above
ground ?
In which Zone
you can use
the device ?
How the
device is
designed to
avoid an
explosion ?
What is the
max ignition
energy can be
exposed from
the device ?
What max
ignition surface
temp can
appear on the
device ?
Ta & Tp !!!
In which Zone
you can use the
device ?
Equipment
group
Equipment
category
Protection
Type
Gas group
Temperature
class
Equipment
Protection Level
ATEX
II
1/2G
Ex de
IIC
T2-T6
Ga/Gb
IECEx
-
-
Ex de
IIC
T2-T6
Ga/Gb
Explosion
Protection
(CP00021Z)
-
18
12-15
6
6
18
Explanation table based on Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
INTERNAL
Slide 3
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Equipment group - ATEX
I
II
• Under ground (mining, etc)
• Special requirements to the housing, besides Ex.
• E+H does not provide instruments
• all above ground applications
• E+H does provide instruments
IECEx covers this equipment class classification (e.g. Ga/Gb)
INTERNAL
Slide 4
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Zone Classification according to ATEX
Zones are classified according the probability of the occurrence of explosive
mixtures
Occurrence of
Gas
mixtures
Dust
mixtures
Not likely to occur
or only for short
period
Zone 2
Zone 22
Likely to occur
occasionally
Zone 1
Zone 21
Continuously or
for long periods or
frequently
Zone 0
Zone 20
Zone 2
Zone 1
explosive
atmosphere
Zone 0
Fluid
INTERNAL
Slide 5
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Equipment classification according to ATEX
Equipment category
Group I
Mining industry
Normal level of
protection (safe
without fault)
Group II
(IIA/IIB/IIC)
Gas-/Dust-Ex
3G/3D
High level of protection
(safe with 1 fault)
M2
2G/2D
Very high level of
protection (safe with 2
faults)
M1
1G/1D
INTERNAL
Slide 6
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Normal level of
protection (safe
without fault)
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Equipment classification according to IEC
Equipment category
Group I
Mining industry
Normal level of
protection (safe
without fault)
Group II
(IIA/IIB/IIC)
Gas-Ex
Group III
(IIIA/IIIB/IIIC)
Dust-Ex
Gc
Dc
High level of protection
(safe with 1 fault)
Mb
Gb
Db
Very high level of
protection (safe with 2
faults)
Ma
Ga
Da

INTERNAL
Slide 7
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Ignition energy
IIC>IIB>IIA
•
•
•
IIIA flyings
IIIB non –conductive
dusts
IIIC conductive dusts
(IIIC>IIIB>IIIA)
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Equipment designation to zones
Gas - Ex
Zone 0
Zone 1
Zone 2
ATEX category
1G
1G or 2G
1G or 2G or 3G
IEC (EPL*)
Ga
Ga or Gb
Ga or Gb or Gc
Dust - Ex
Zone 20
Zone 21
Zone 22
ATEX category
1D
1D or 2D
1D or 2D or 3D
IEC (EPL*)
Da
Da or Db
Da or Db or Dc
* EPL = Equipment Protection Level
INTERNAL
Slide 8
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Classification of flammable gases, vapors, mists
INTERNAL
Hot surface
Sparks
Ignition temperature
Ignition energy
Temperature class
T1 … T6
Gas-Group
A…C
Slide 9
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Ignition temperature – surface temperature
Fuels
Ignition temperature
Apparatus
Temperature class
T1
>450°C
Ignition
temperature
of gas
INTERNAL
Slide 10
Max. surface
temperature
450°C
>300°C … ≤450°C
T2
300°C
>200°C … ≤300°C
T3
200°C
>135°C … ≤200°C
T4
135°C
>100°C … ≤135°C
T5
100°C
>85°C … ≤100°C
T6
85°C
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Surface temperature
depends on:
• Ambient
temperature
• Process
temperature
• Internal heating
sources
(e.g. electrical
components)
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Ignition temperature – surface temperature
600
Ignition temperature of gas
500
Surface temperature of apparatus
400
300
200
100
0
INTERNAL
T1
>450°C
Slide 11
T2
T3
T4
T5
>300°C ≤450°C >200°C ≤300°C >135°C ≤200°C >100°C ≤135°C
07/15/2016
P.Conen
T6
>85°C ≤100°C
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Minimum ignition energy
Ignition energy in relation to hydrogen and propane air/gas concentration
INTERNAL
Slide 12
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Explosive concentrations of flammable mixtures
INTERNAL
Slide 13
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Classification of flammable gases and dusts in groups
Gas group
Europe/IEC
North America
Min. ignition energy
Examples
A
> 10 μJoules
Acetylene,
Carbon disulphide
B
> 20 μJoules
Hydrogen
B
C
> 60 μJoules
Ethylether,Ethylene
A
D
> 160 μJoules
Acetone, Ammonia, Benzene, Butane,
Cyclopropane, Ethanol, Gasoline, Hexane,
Methanol Naphtha, Propane
C
Dust group
Europe/IEC
North America
Kind of dust
Examples
-
E
Metal dusts
-
-
F
Coal dusts
-
-
G
Others
-
INTERNAL
Slide 14
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Classification of flammable gases, vapors, mists
Classification of gases and vapors in
explosion groups and temperature classes
Gas-group
I
II A
INTERNAL
T1
T2
(>450°C)
(>300°C ≤450°C)
T3
(>200°C ≤300°C)
T4
(>135°C ≤200°C)
T5
(>100°C ≤135°C)
T6
(>85°C ≤100°C)
Methane
Acetone
Ethane
Ammonia
Benzene
Ethanic acid
Ethylacetate
Kohlenoxyd
Methanol
Propane
Toluol
Ethyl alcohol
i-Amylacetat
n-Butane
n-Butylalkohol
II B
Lighting gas
Ethyl
Ethyl oxyd
II C
Hydrogen
Acetylene
Slide 15
Gasoline
Diesel fuel
Aircraft fuel
Heating oil
n-Hexane
Acetaldehyde
Ether
Ex IIB T3
07/15/2016
Ethyl glycol
Ethyl ether
Carbon
disulphide
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Protection types
Protection measures Gas-Ex
Oil immersion
electrical parts are submersed in oil
marking example
EEx o T3
oil
Pressurized apparatus
EEx p T5
electrical parts are purged and pressurized
with a protective gas (air or inert gas)
Installation: purge and pressure control/shut down device
Powder filling
Slide 16
07/15/2016
air
EEx q T4
electrical parts are submersed in
a quartz powder
INTERNAL
p
powder
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Protection types
Protection measures Gas Ex
marking example
Flameproof enclosure
Ex db IIC T6
Increased safety
Ex e T4
Intrinsic safety
Ex ia IIC T4
internal explosion is confined by solid and flame tight enclosure
Installation: Ex d cable entry or conduit systems or Ex e terminal
prevention of ignition sources by
fail safe design (only simple electric components)
Limitation of the energy stored in the electrical circuits
„simple“ apparatus, „associated“ apparatus, safety barriers
Installation: safety values (Uo, Io, Po, Lo, Co) and clearences
Advantage: Hot plugging for Ex ia, ib, ic without permission in the hazardous area!
INTERNAL
Slide 17
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Types of protection of electrical apparatus
Gas atmosphere
(Equipment category / EPL)
Type of protection
Flameproof enclosures
1G / Ga
2G / Gb
3G / Gc
da
db
dc
eb
ec
ia
ib
ma
mb
Increased safety
Intrinsically safety
Encapsulation
Oil immersion
ob
Powder filling
qb
Pressurized enclosures
pxb/pyb
1D / Da
2D / Db
3D /Dc
ic
ia
ib
ic
mc
ma
mb
mc
pb
pc
tb
tc
pzc
Protection by enclosure
ta
Energy limited apparatus
nL
Restricted breathing enclosures
nR
Non sparking apparatus
nA
Sparking apparatus
nC
INTERNAL
Slide 18
Dust atmosphere
(Equipment category / EPL)
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
Cover sheet
INTERNAL
Slide 19
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
?
?
?
INTERNAL
Slide 20
07/15/2016
P.Conen
?
Page 11
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
?
?
Page 12
INTERNAL
Slide 21
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
?
Page 12
INTERNAL
Slide 22
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
Slide 26
Slide 24
Slide 25
Page 14
INTERNAL
Slide 23
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
?
?
?
Page 14
INTERNAL
Slide 24
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
?
?
Page 15
INTERNAL
Slide 25
07/15/2016
P.Conen
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
INTERNAL
?
Slide 26
07/15/2016
P.Conen