4
3
The diagram shows a bat in a garden at night.
garage wall
security light
bat
child in
unlit house
(a) When it is completely dark the child cannot see the bat but if the moon is shining she
can see it.
Explain why the child can see the bat in moonlight.
[2]
(b) When the security light is switched on a shadow of the bat is formed on the garage
wall.
(i) Draw lines on the diagram to show how a shadow of the bat is formed on the
wall.
Label the shadowed area.
[2]
(ii) If the bat moves nearer to the garage wall, what will happen to the size of its
shadow?
[1]
(c) What piece of apparatus would you use to measure the distance between the light
and the garage wall?
[1]
© UCLES 2005
1113/01/N/05
6
4
(a) A scientist sets up two experiments. In both experiments he has a torch, two pieces of
card with holes in them and a screen.
(i) The first experiment is shown in diagram 1.
card B
card A
screen
holes
torch
diagram 1
The scientist could see a spot of light on the screen.
Draw the ray of light to show its path on diagram 1, after it has passed through the
hole in card A.
[1]
(ii) The second experiment is shown in diagram 2.
card B
screen
holes
card A
torch
diagram 2
The hole in card B is not in line with the hole in card A.
Draw the ray of light to show its path on diagram 2.
[1]
(iii) Explain why the light is unable to reach the screen.
[1]
© UCLES 2011
1113/01/SP/12
For
Examiner's
Use
7
(b) A pinhole camera allows an image of an object to be projected onto a screen.
For
Examiner's
Use
screen
object
hole
Draw two rays of light, one from the bottom of the pencil and one from the top of the
pencil, to show how the image forms on the screen.
[2]
© UCLES 2011
1113/01/SP/12
[Turn over
5
4
Jamila does an experiment with light.
She does the experiment in a dark room.
Here is the apparatus she uses.
white
light
red
filter
green
filter
screen
What does she see on the screen?
Explain your answer.
[3]
5
This question is about physical changes during adolescence.
Complete the table by describing one physical change that occurs during adolescence



only in males
only in females
in both males and females.
example of a physical change during adolescence
only in males
………...……………………………………………………………………………
only in females
………...……………………………………………………………………………
in both males and females
………...……………………………………………………………………………
[3]
© UCLES 2019
1113/02/O/N/19
[Turn over
9
8
Light is reflected from different surfaces.
rough surface
smooth surface
(a) What is the law of reflection?
Complete the sentence.
The angle of reflection equals the angle of ...........................................................................[1]
(b) The reflections on rough and smooth surfaces are different.
Write down one difference.
[1]
© UCLES 2019
1113/02/O/N/19
[Turn over
8
6
Carlos investigates light.
(a) He shines blue light into a prism.
blue
light
prism
(i) Describe one thing that happens to the blue light.
[1]
(ii) Carlos changes the blue light to white light.
Describe one other thing that happens to the white light.
[1]
© UCLES 2020
1113/01/O/N/20
9
(b) Carlos shines light through different coloured filters onto different colours of a book.
coloured filter
light source
book
Complete his results table.
colour of light
colour of book
red
red
blue
red
red
magenta
colour of light reflected
into eye
[2]
© UCLES 2020
1113/01/O/N/20
[Turn over
4
3
Yuri uses a flashlight.
green filter
flashlight
(torch)
light
yellow paper
Complete the sentences.
Choose from the following words.
You can use each word once, more than once, or not at all.
black
blue
green
red
white
The light from the flashlight contains three primary colours.
When these three primary colours are added together it makes
This light contains red light, green light and
light.
The yellow paper reflects the red light and
The green filter only transmits
© UCLES 2017
light.
light.
1113/01/O/N/17
light.
[4]
4
3
(a) Freda is investigating light. She makes a periscope from card and two mirrors.
eye
(i) On the diagram, show how Freda needs to position the mirrors so that the
periscope will work.
[1]
(ii) Freda can see the flower using her periscope.
Use a ruler to draw a ray of light on the diagram to show how she sees the
flower. (Remember to draw the arrowheads to show the direction of the
light.)
[2]
(b) (i) Glass in a bathroom window lets light through but we cannot see through
it.
What is the name that we give to materials that behave in this way?
[1]
(ii) Glass in a normal window lets light through and we can see through it.
What is the name that we give to materials that behave in this way?
[1]
Page Total
© UCLES 2010
0843/01/M/J/10
12
11 A raybox is a piece of apparatus that makes a thin beam of light.
Alicia is doing an experiment using a raybox and a mirror to look at light.
(a) What is the name of the image viewed in the mirror?
[1]
(b) Draw an arrowhead on the correct reflected ray A, B, C or D to show the path
of the light.
D
angle of incidence
A
B
C
[2]
Page Total
© UCLES 2009
0843/01/O/N/09
14
13 Malakia is watching the sun and shadow that a flagpole makes during a day.
(a) The sun appears in different positions in the sky during the day.
Why does this happen?
[1]
(b) Malakia observed that two things about the shadow changed during the day.
What were these two things?
1.
2.
[2]
Page Total
© UCLES 2009
0843/02/M/J/09
7
6
A shadow play is a puppet show that uses light and shadow to tell a story. The
diagram below shows how it works.
screen
B
A
C
puppet
light
source
D
audience
(a) How does the puppet make a shadow on the screen?
[1]
(b) The puppet is moved to make a bigger shadow.
Which letter shows the direction of the movement?
[1]
(c) What word describes materials that do not let light through?
[1]
Page Total
© UCLES 2009
0843/01/M/J/09
[Turn over
14
13 Four children think they know how Shushma sees a book.
A
B
C
D
(a) Which diagram is correct?
[1]
(b) What does the book do to the light source so Shushma can see it?
[1]
Page Total
© UCLES 2009
0843/01/M/J/09
Shadows and space
5
(a)
Jimmy stands a pole in the playground.
There is a shadow of the pole on the playground.
Why does the pole cause a shadow on the playground?
5a
.................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Jimmy records the
Sun
shadow at 10 am.
pole
He draws his results
ground
on squared paper.
shadow
Draw the shadow of
the pole at 12 noon.
5b
1 mark
(c)
Tick ONE box to show which movement in space causes the
shadows to change on Earth during a day.
5c
the Sun spinning
the Earth orbiting the Sun
the Earth spinning
the Moon orbiting the Earth
1 mark
12
(d)
Jimmy and his friends use different sized balls to model the Sun,
Earth and Moon.
a football
models
the Sun
a tennis ball
models
the Earth
a marble
models
the Moon
The marble is moved around the tennis ball.
Which movement is modelled by the marble and the tennis ball?
Tick ONE box.
(e)
the Moon orbiting
the Earth
the Earth orbiting
the Moon
the Moon spinning
on its axis
the Earth spinning
on its axis
5d
1 mark
The children use the tennis ball and the football to model an orbit.
This orbit takes one year.
How should the children move the tennis ball and the football
to model the orbit that takes one year?
.................................................................................................................
5e
.................................................................................................................
13
Total out of 5
1 mark
Torch light
5
(a)
Sanna is investigating which materials are good reflectors of light.
She shines a torch on different objects from a distance of 20 cm.
She looks at the objects to see how well each reflects light.
Tick TWO boxes to show which objects are the best reflectors.
Paper book
Metal spoon
Wooden spoon
Woolly hat
Glass jar
Compact disc
5ai
1 mark
5aii
1 mark
12
(b)
Tick ONE box to show which of Sanna’s objects does not make
a dark shadow.
metal spoon
wooden spoon
woolly hat
glass jar
5b
1 mark
(c)
The picture below shows Sanna looking at the torch light reflected
in a mirror.
Draw TWO arrows to show the direction the light must travel
for Sanna to see light from the torch in the mirror.
mirror
5ci
1 mark
5cii
torch
1 mark
13
Total out of 5
7
(d) What is the name of the force that makes the sledge stop?
[1]
6 Kofi and Petra are in a room with a large mirror. The plan below shows the
position of the children and the mirror.
mirror
wall
Petra
Kofi
(a) Draw two arrows on the picture to show how Petra can see Kofi.
[2]
(b) An opaque material is placed over the mirror.
How does this change what Petra can see?
[1]
Page Total
© UCLES 2008
0843/02/O/N/08
[Turn over
16
14
Nadia is in a dark room with a torch. She makes shapes with her fingers to
make shadows on the wall.
(a) Explain why her hand makes a dark shadow.
[1]
(b) How can Nadia change the size of shadow of her hand on the wall?
Tick (✓) one box.
make the room darker and lighter
move her hand closer or nearer to the torch
put different coloured gloves on her hand
use a bigger or smaller torch
[1]
(c) Finish this sentence about the size of shadows.
The closer the light source is to an object the
shadow.
the
[1]
Page Total
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
0843/01/M/J/08
12
9
Children are studying the shadow of a tree.
(a) Choose from the words below to complete the sentence about shadows.
opaque
blocked
passed
solid
Shadows are formed when light is
materials.
reflected
by
[1]
(b) During the day, the shadow changes position and moves around the tree.
Why does the shadow move during the day?
Tick (✓) one box.
The Sun is spinning on its axis.
The Sun moves round the earth.
The Earth moves round the Sun.
The Earth is spinning on its axis.
[1]
Page Total
© UCLES 2007
0843/02/M/J/07
14
11 We need light to see objects.
(a) Name one light source.
[1]
(b) Jasmine is looking at her new ring.
Why does the metal ring look shiny?
Tick (✓) one box.
It is opaque.
It reflects light.
It is a light source.
It absorbs light.
[1]
(c) Draw two arrows onto the picture to show how the light travels when
Jasmine sees the ring.
[2]
Page Total
© UCLES 2007
0843/02/M/J/07
8.
Gabby arranged a torch, two cards and a screen as shown below.
Light from the torch passed through holes in the cards and onto the screen.
screen
spot of
light
card B
card A
(a)
8a
Why did a spot of light appear on the screen? Tick the correct box.
Light can be split up into
many colours.
Light can travel through
empty space.
Light travels in straight
lines.
Light travels very fast.
1 mark
(b)
Gabby moved card B to one side as shown below.
The ray of light passed through the hole in card A and onto card B.
Continue the ray of light from the torch to show where it would hit card B.
Use a ruler.
screen
8b
card B
1 mark
card A
KS3/06/Sc/Tier 3–6/P1
16
(c)
Gabby used a torch to shine a ray of light towards a mirror.
Continue the ray of light to show how it reflects off the mirror.
Add an arrow to show the direction of the reflected ray.
Use a ruler.
mirror
8c
1 mark
8c
1 mark
8c
torch
1 mark
(d)
Gabby built a circuit like the circuit in her torch.
What could she do to the circuit to make this bulb brighter?
Tick the correct box.
Add another battery.
Add another bulb.
Add another switch.
Add longer wires.
8d
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Total
KS3/06/Sc/Tier 3–6/P1
17
6
10. (a)
The diagram below shows a fish tank.
The surface of the water acts like a mirror.
The fish can see the snail reflected in the surface of the water.
surface
of water
(mirror)
10a
1 mark
10a
Draw a ray of light which passes from the snail, and reflects from the
surface, to show how the fish can see the snail. Use a ruler.
1 mark
10a
Put arrows on the ray of light.
1 mark
KS3/08/Sc/Tier 36/P2
20
(b)
Andrew is looking at the snail.
Andrew
air
water
When a ray of light passes from water to air it changes direction.
10bi
(i) Draw a ray of light from the snail to Andrew to show how Andrew
can see the snail. Use a ruler.
1 mark
10bi
Put arrows on the ray of light.
1 mark
(ii) What is the name given to this change in the direction of a ray of light?
10bii
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Total
KS3/08/Sc/Tier 36/P2
21
6
1.
(a)
A teacher shines a laser beam onto a classroom window. It reflects off
the window and onto a screen.
screen
window
laser beam
1a
1 mark
On the diagram above, continue the laser beam to show its path as it
reflects off the window and onto the screen. Use a ruler.
Add arrows to show the direction of the laser beam.
1a
1 mark
(b)
(i) When a pupil plays her flute in the classroom the window vibrates.
Give the reason for this.
1bi
1 mark
(ii) When the window vibrates, what happens to the laser beam that is
reflected off the window?
1bii
1 mark
KS3/04/Sc/Tier 5–7/P2
2
(c)
The teacher places a microphone near the pupil as she plays her flute.
The diagram below shows the pattern on an oscilloscope screen.
The pupil then plays her flute at a higher pitch and more quietly.
Which diagram below shows the pattern that would be seen on
the oscilloscope?
Tick the correct box.
A
B
C
D
1c
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Total
KS3/04/Sc/Tier 5–7/P2
3
5
6.
James shone a ray of light at a mirror as shown below.
incident ray
mirror
angle of incidence
diagram 1
angle of reflection
reflected ray
He measured the angle of reflection for different angles of incidence.
His results are shown below.
(a)
angle of incidence (º)
30
40
50
60
70
angle of reflection (º)
30
40
50
65
70
Which angle of reflection was not measured accurately?
º
How can you tell this from the table?
6a
1 mark
(b)
James set up a different experiment as shown below.
glass block
incident ray
angle of incidence
angle of refraction
diagram 2
refracted
ray
KS3/07/Sc/Tier 57/P1
12
He measured the angle of refraction for different angles of incidence.
His results are shown in the graph.













Use the graph to answer the questions below.
(i) When the angle of refraction is 20º, what is the angle of incidence?
6bi
º
1 mark
(ii) What conclusion could James draw from his graph?
Complete the sentence below.
When light passes from air into glass, the angle of incidence is
always
6bii
the angle of refraction.
1 mark
(c)
On diagram 2, on the opposite page, draw a line to continue the
refracted ray as it leaves the glass block.
6c
1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Total
KS3/07/Sc/Tier 57/P1
13
4
6.
Jenny dropped her torch down a drain.
The torch was still switched on but Jenny could not see it.
drain
P
torch
not to scale
(a)
(i) Jenny lowered a mirror into the drain and placed it at position P.
At which angle should Jenny put the mirror to see the torch?
Tick the correct box.
6ai
1 mark
KS3/05/Sc/Tier 3-6/P1
12
9.
The diagram shows a ray of light hitting the surface of a mirror made from
thick glass.
The incident ray is both reflected and refracted.
glass mirror
incident
ray
B
C
A
D
(a)
(i) Give the letters of the two reflected rays.
9ai
and
1 mark
(ii) Give the letter of one refracted ray.
9aii
1 mark
(b)
The incident ray is brighter than ray A.
Give one reason for this.
9b
1 mark
maximum 3 marks
Total
KS3/04/Sc/Tier 5–7/P1
19
3
10.
Nadia is on her bicycle, waiting to pull out from a road junction.
Michael is driving his car round the bend. A row of houses stops Nadia from
seeing Michael’s car.
A
B
C
D
Nadia
houses
Michael’s
car
not to scale
(a)
At what position will Michael’s car be when Nadia first sees it?
Tick the correct box.
1 mark
A
KS3/03/Sc/Tier 3–6/P2
B
C
20
D
(b)
A row of shops was built opposite the junction. The shops have glass
windows which act as a mirror.
shop windows made of glass
Nadia
Joan’s
motorbike
houses
not to scale
Nadia could see Joan’s motorbike reflected in the glass window.
(i) On the diagram above, draw a ray of light to show how Nadia can
see Joan’s motorbike reflected in the glass window.
Add arrows to the ray. Use a ruler.
3 marks
(ii) How does the glass window help to reduce the number of accidents?
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
KS3/03/Sc/Tier 3–6/P2
21
5
10. (a)
When light travels from air to glass, it changes direction.
What is the name of this effect?
10a
1 mark
(b)
The diagram below shows three rays of light A, B and C striking a glass block.
torch
A
B
C
10b
The paths of A and B have been drawn.
1 mark
10b
Continue ray C to show its path through the block and out the other side.
Use a ruler.
1 mark
KS3/09/Sc/Tier 5-7/P2
20
(c)
The diagram below shows three rays of light, D, E and F, from a torch
placed under water.
The path of ray E is shown as it leaves the water and enters the air.
Continue the paths of D and F as they pass through the air.
Use a ruler.
air
water
90°
D
E
10c
F
1 mark
10c
torch
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Total
KS3/09/Sc/Tier 5-7/P2
21
5
10. (a)
The diagram below shows a fish tank.
The surface of the water acts like a mirror.
The fish can see the snail reflected in the surface of the water.
surface
of water
(mirror)
10a
1 mark
10a
Draw a ray of light which passes from the snail, and reflects from the
surface, to show how the fish can see the snail. Use a ruler.
1 mark
10a
Put arrows on the ray of light.
1 mark
KS3/08/Sc/Tier 36/P2
20
(b)
Andrew is looking at the snail.
Andrew
air
water
When a ray of light passes from water to air it changes direction.
10bi
(i) Draw a ray of light from the snail to Andrew to show how Andrew
can see the snail. Use a ruler.
1 mark
10bi
Put arrows on the ray of light.
1 mark
(ii) What is the name given to this change in the direction of a ray of light?
10bii
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Total
KS3/08/Sc/Tier 36/P2
21
6
2.
(a)
The diagram below shows George using his laptop.
Light from the lamp is reflected by the laptop screen.
lamp
2ai
1 mark
laptop screen
2ai
1 mark
2ai
1 mark
(i) On the diagram above draw a ray of light to show how George sees the
light from the lamp reflected by the laptop screen. Use a ruler.
Draw arrows to show the direction of light.
KS3/09/Sc/Tier 5–7/P1
4
(ii) With the laptop screen in the position shown in part a(i), George sees an
image of the lamp on the screen.
George tilts the screen forwards as shown below.
lamp
When the screen is tilted forwards it is easier for George to see the words
on the screen.
What happens to the reflected ray of light when the screen is tilted?
2aii
1 mark
(b)
George listens to music on his headphones.
Complete the sentence below using words from the box.
chemical
electrical
sound
gravitational potential
thermal
The useful energy change in the headphones is from
2b
energy into
energy.
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Total
KS3/09/Sc/Tier 5–7/P1
5
5
4
3
Chen draws a diagram showing dispersion of light.
(a) He has not labelled the diagram.
Label the diagram using the following words.
light ray
light source
slit
prism
spectrum
...............................................
...............................................
}
...............................................
...............................................
...............................................
[2]
(b) The light from the light source is dispersed into the full colour spectrum.
What colour is the light from the light source?
Circle the correct answer.
blue
green
red
white
yellow
[1]
(c) Draw the letter X on the diagram to show where dispersion happens.
© UCLES 2016
1113/02/O/N/16
[1]
8
7
Lily, Mia and Safia mix different coloured light.
They use light of the same intensity.
•
Lily has a pure blue light torch.
•
Mia has a pure green light torch.
•
Safia has a pure red light torch.
•
They make the light from the three torches overlap.
Lily’s torch
Mia’s torch
X
Safia’s torch
(a) Complete the sentences.
Choose from the following words.
black
cyan
green
magenta
white
yellow
(i) When Lily’s torch light overlaps with Mia’s torch light,
light is produced.
[1]
(ii) When Safia’s torch light overlaps with Lily’s torch light,
light is produced.
[1]
(iii) When all three torch lights overlap
produced.
© UCLES 2015
light is
[1]
1113/01/O/N/15
9
(b) Lily switches off her torch light.
What happens to the colour of light at X?
[1]
8
This question is about the changes that take place during adolescence.
One of these changes in females is the growth of breasts.
(a) Describe one visible change that takes place during adolescence in both males and
females.
[1]
(b) Describe two functions of the ovaries.
1
1
0
2
1
1
[2]
1
2
1
3
1
4
(ii) What happens to this lining if an egg is not fertilised?
1
5
[1]
1
6
1
7
© UCLES 2015
1113/01/O/N/15
[Turn over
2
1
Chen investigates light and coloured filters.
He shines white light through a red filter and then a blue filter.
red filter
white light
blue filter
A
B
What is the colour of the light at A and at B?
A
B
© UCLES 2016
[2]
1113/02/A/M/16
11
9
Light is reflected by water.
The diagram shows some paths the ray of light may take.
A
C
B
air
water
E
D
(a) Which letter shows the reflected ray of light?
A
B
C
D
E
letter
[1]
(b) The law of reflection is about the angle of incidence (i) and the angle of reflection (r).
Circle the correct sentence.
i is always larger than r
i is always the same as r
r is always larger than i
r is sometimes larger than i
[1]
© UCLES 2016
1113/01/A/M/16
[Turn over